#philosopher a specialist in philosophy
subtype: #nativist #eclectic #empiricist #epistemologist #esthetician #ethicist #existentialist #gymnosophist {#libertarian #necessitarian} #mechanist #moralist #pluralist.philosopher #realist #Stoic #transcendentalist #yogi
instance: #Pierre_Abelard #Aristotle #Francis_Bacon #Jeremy_Bentham #Henri_Louis_Bergson #Bishop_Berkeley #Anicius_Manlius_Severinus_Boethius #Giordano_Bruno #Martin_Buber #Ernst_Cassirer #Cleanthes #Isidore_Auguste_Marie_Francois_Comte #Confucius #Democritus #Jacques_Derrida #Rene_Descartes #John_Dewey #Denis_Diderot #Diogenes #Empedocles #Epicurus #Ernst_Heinrich_Haeckel #David_Hartley #Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel #Martin_Heidegger #Heraclitus #Johann_Friedrich_Herbart #Johann_Gottfried_von_Herder #Thomas_Hobbes #David_Hume #Edmund_Husserl #Hypatia #William_James #Immanuel_Kant #Soren_Aabye_Kierkegaard #Lao-tzu #Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz #John_Locke #Titus_Lucretius_Carus #Raymond_Lully #Ernst_Mach #Niccolo_Machiavelli #Moses_Maimonides #Nicolas_de_Malebranche #Herbert_Marcuse #Karl_Marx #George_Herbert_Mead #John_Stuart_Mill #James_Mill #Baron_de_la_Brede_et_de_Montesquieu #George_Edward_Moore #Friedrich_Wilhelm_Nietzsche #William_of_Occam #Jose_Ortega_y_Gasset #Blaise_Pascal #Charles_Franklin_Peirce #Ralph_Barton_Perry #Plato #Pythagoras #Thomas_Reid #Jean-Jacques_Rousseau #Bertrand_Arthur_William_Russell #Arthur_Schopenhauer #Albert_Schweitzer #Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca #Socrates #Herbert_Spencer #Oswald_Spengler #Benedict_de_Spinoza #Dugald_Stewart #Pierre_Teilhard_de_Chardin #Thales_of_Miletus #Theophrastus #Simone_Weil #Alfred_North_Whitehead #Ludwig_Josef_Johan_Wittgenstein #Xenophanes #Zeno_of_Citium #Zeno_of_Elea
supertype: #intellectual__intellect a person who uses the mind creatively
supertype: #person__individual__someone__somebody__mortal__human__human_being__humanbeing__soul a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
supertype: sumo#human a modern man (member of the only remaining species of the Homo genus)
supertype: sumo#cognitive_agent__cognitiveagent (many specializations)$ sentient_agent with responsibilities and the ability to reason, deliberate, make plans, etc; this is essentially the legal/ethical notion of a person; chimpanzees, gorillas, dolphins, whales, and some extraterrestrials (if they exist) may be cognitive_agents
supertype: sumo#sentient_agent an agent that has rights but may or may not have responsibilities and the ability to reason; if the latter are present, then the agent is also a cognitive_agent; domesticated animals are an example of sentient_agents that are not also cognitive_agents
supertype: pm#entity_that_can_be_or_was_alive e.g., an animal, a cell
supertype: dl#agentive_physical_object__APO something or someone that can act on its own and produce changes in the world
supertype: dl#physical_object__POB
supertype: pm#physical_entity__object spatial entity made of matter
supertype: dl#physical_endurant__PED
supertype: pm#spatial_object__spatialobject object which as a direct spatial location, e.g., physical object, spatial region or shape
supertype: sumo#object__entity_with_spatial_feature spatial object (space, location or physical object) or description medium/container (e.g., string, language, image); in a 4D ontology, an object is something whose spatiotemporal extent is thought of as dividing into spatial parts roughly parallel to the time-axis
supertype: pm#entity something that can be "involved" in a situation
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: sumo#physical__physical_thing an entity that has a location in space-time; locations are themselves understood to have a location in space-time; click here for more details on the identical category sowa#physical_thing
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: cyc#partially_tangible__partiallytangible A subcollection of cyc#SpatialThing-Localized and cyc#TemporalThing. Each instance of cyc#PartiallyTangible has a tangible (i.e. material) part and a temporal extent (i.e. it exists in time). It might or might not also have an intangible part. For example, a particular copy of a book is made of matter, has temporal extent, and also has an intangible part: the information content of the text markings on its pages.
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: pm#individual__particular___supertype_of_1st_order_types all individuals (for concepts or relations) are implicitely or explicitely instance of that type
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: dl#endurant__ED
supertype: pm#entity something that can be "involved" in a situation
supertype: 3D#thing an object seen from a 3D (or endurantist) perspective, i.e. where a spatial entity may have a time independent identity, as opposed for example to the 4D perspective where each spatial entity has an associated time frame; click here and here for details
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: dl#endurant_or_perdurant__ED_or_PD
supertype: dl#quality_or_endurant_or_perdurant__Q_or_ED_or_PD
supertype: dl#entity a category from DOLCE or generalized by a category from DOLCE
supertype: pm#individual__particular___supertype_of_1st_order_types all individuals (for concepts or relations) are implicitely or explicitely instance of that type
supertype: dl#PQ_or_PED_or_PR_or_PD
supertype: dl#quality_or_endurant_or_perdurant__Q_or_ED_or_PD
supertype: cyc#tangible Something which is not intangible, something which is physical, made of matter. It does not matter whether things are real of imaginary. Therefore we consider Mickey Mouse's car and a hippogriff as tangible things
supertype: cyc#temporal_thing The collection of all things that have temporal extent or location, i.e. things about which one might sensibly ask When? . cyc#TemporalThing thus contains many kinds of things, including events, physical objects, agreements, and abstract pieces of time. Note that cyc#TimePoint is a specialization of cyc#TemporalThing, since time points have temporal location, although they arguably lack temporal extent. Abstract things that are timeless -- such as mathematical sets, attributes, and numbers -- are of course _not_ instances of cyc#TemporalThing.
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: pm#causal_entity__agent something (animal or software agent) able to act
supertype: pm#entity_playing_some_role e.g., an agent, an owner
supertype: pm#entity something that can be "involved" in a situation
supertype: pm#thing_that_can_be_seen_as_a_relation usable as relation type
supertype: pm#thing_playing_some_role category to classify things according to roles/viewpoints; classification under this category is application-dependant
supertype: pm#thing__something___T__t___3D_or_4D_thing_or_anything_else any category (type or individual) is instance of this type; any type is also a subtype of this type
supertype: #causal_agent__cause__causal_agency any entity that causes events to happen
supertype: pm#thing_playing_some_role category to classify things according to roles/viewpoints; classification under this category is application-dependant
supertype: cyc#temporal_thing The collection of all things that have temporal extent or location, i.e. things about which one might sensibly ask When? . cyc#TemporalThing thus contains many kinds of things, including events, physical objects, agreements, and abstract pieces of time. Note that cyc#TimePoint is a specialization of cyc#TemporalThing, since time points have temporal location, although they arguably lack temporal extent. Abstract things that are timeless -- such as mathematical sets, attributes, and numbers -- are of course _not_ instances of cyc#TemporalThing.
supertype: pm#cognitive_agent__cognitiveagent for example an organization, an animal or an AI-agent
supertype: pm#goal_directed_agent goal directed causal entity, e.g., a problem solver or an interactional agent
supertype: pm#causal_entity__agent something (animal or software agent) able to act
supertype: pm#processing_thing
supertype: pm#thing_playing_some_role category to classify things according to roles/viewpoints; classification under this category is application-dependant
supertype: menu#person_or_organization this category is for menu-generation purposes
supertype: aktp#Legal-Agent agent with legal status, e.g., organizations and people
supertype: pm#cognitive_agent__cognitiveagent for example an organization, an animal or an AI-agent
supertype: #human__man__homo__human_being__humanbeing any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae
supertype: #hominid a primate of the family Hominidae
supertype: #primate any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet
supertype: #placental_mammal__placentalmammal__placental__eutherian__eutherian_mammal__eutherianmammal mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
supertype: #mammal any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk
supertype: #vertebrate__craniate animals having a bony or cartilaginous skeleton with a segmented spinal column and a large brain enclosed in a skull or cranium
supertype: #chordate any animal of the phylum Chordata having a notochord or spinal column
supertype: #animal__animate_being__animatebeing__beast__brute__creature__fauna a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
supertype: #living_thing__organism__being a living (or once living) entity that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently
supertype: pm#entity_that_can_be_or_was_alive e.g., an animal, a cell
supertype: #causal_agent__cause__causal_agency any entity that causes events to happen
No statement uses or specializes #philosopher; click here to add one.