#activity any specific activity or pursuit; "they avoided all recreational activity"
exclusion: #inactivity
supertype: #human_action__humanaction__act__human_activity__humanactivity something that people do or cause to happen
subtype: #variation__variance an activity that varies from a norm or standard; "any variation in his routine was immediately reported"
subtype: #space_walk__spacewalk any kind of physical activity outside a spacecraft by one of the crew
subtype: #domesticity domestic activities or life: "making a hobby of domesticity"
subtype: #operation a planned activity involving many people performing various actions: "they organized a rescue operation"; "the biggest police operation in French history"; "running a restaurant is quite an operation"; "consolidate the companies various operations"
subtype: #rescue_operation an operation organized to free from danger or confinement
subtype: #practice__pattern a customary way of operation or behavior; "it is their practice to give annual raises"; "they changed their dietary pattern"
subtype: #biologism use of biological principles in explaining human especially social behavior
subtype: #cooperation.practice the practice of cooperating: "economic cooperation"; "they agreed on a policy of cooperation"
subtype: #featherbedding the practice (usually by a labor union) of requiring an employer to hire more workers than are required
subtype: #formalism the practice of scrupulous adherence to prescribed or external forms
subtype: #one-upmanship__oneupmanship the practice of keeping one jump ahead of a friend or competitor
subtype: #symbolism the practice of investing things with symbolic meaning
subtype: #modernism practices typical of contemporary life or thought
subtype: #cannibalism the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind
subtype: #careerism the practice of advancing your career at the expense of your personal integrity
subtype: #usage__custom__usance accepted or habitual practice
subtype: #Americanism a custom that is peculiar to the US or its citizens
subtype: #Anglicism__Britishism a custom that is peculiar to England or its citizens
subtype: #consuetude a custom or usage that has acquired the force of law
subtype: #couvade a custom among some peoples whereby the husband of a pregnant wife is put to bed at the time of bearing the child
subtype: #Germanism a custom that is peculiar to Germany or its citizens
subtype: #wont__habit__use a pattern of behavior acquired through frequent repetition; "she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it"
subtype: #ritual.wont stereotyped behavior
subtype: #second_nature acquired behavior that is practiced so long it seems innate
subtype: #cleanliness the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections
subtype: #uncleanliness__uncleanlines the habit of neglecting cleanliness
subtype: #rite__ritual any customary observance or practice
subtype: #marriage_ceremony__marriage__wedding the act of marrying; the nuptial ceremony; "their marriage was conducted in the chapel"
subtype: #bridal__espousal archaic terms for a wedding or wedding feast
subtype: #civil_marriage__civilmarriage a marriage performed by a government official rather than by a clergyman
subtype: #love_match a marriage for love's sake; not an arranged marriage
subtype: #remarriage the act of marrying again
subtype: #betrothal__espousal the act of becoming betrothed or engaged
subtype: #habitude habitual mode of behavior
subtype: #daily_round__dailyround__round the usual activities in your day; "the doctor made his rounds"
subtype: #fashion characteristic or habitual practice
subtype: #line_of_least_resistance__path_of_least_resistance the easiest way; "In marrying him she simply took the path of least resistance"
subtype: #slavery the practice of slaveholding
subtype: #peonage the practice of making a debtor work for his creditor until the debt is discharged
subtype: #unwritten_law__unwrittenlaw law based on customary behavior
subtype: #lynch_law__lynchlaw the practice of punishing people by hanging without due process of law
subtype: #mistreatment the practice of treating (someone or something) badly; "he should be punished for his mistreatment of his mother"
subtype: #annoying__annoyance__irritation__vexation the act of troubling or annoying someone
subtype: #exasperation actions that cause great irritation (or even anger)
subtype: #exacerbation violent and bitter exasperation; "his foolishness was followed by an exacerbation of their quarrel"
subtype: #disregard__neglect lack of care and attention
subtype: #victimization__exploitation__victimisation__using an act that exploits or victimizes someone
subtype: #colonialism exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one; the use of the weaker country's resources to strengthen and enrich the stronger country
subtype: #neocolonialism control by a powerful country of its former colonies (or other less developed countries) by economic pressures
subtype: #molestation tormenting by continued persistent attacks and criticism
subtype: #baiting harassment especially of a tethered animal
subtype: #badgering__worrying__torment__bedevilment the act of harassing someone
subtype: #sexual_harassment unwelcome sexual behavior by a supervisor toward an employee
subtype: #tease__teasing the act of harassing someone playfully or maliciously (especially by ridicule); provoking someone with persistent annoyances; "he ignored their teases"; "his ribbing was gentle but persistent"
subtype: #witch-hunt__witchhunt searching out and harassing dissenters
subtype: #McCarthyism unscrupulously accusing people of disloyalty (as by saying they were Communists)
subtype: #maltreatment__ill-treatment__illtreatment__ill-usage__illusage__abuse cruel or inhumane treatment
subtype: #child_abuse__childabuse the physical or emotional or sexual mistreatment of children
subtype: #child_neglect__childneglect failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child
subtype: #persecution the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)
subtype: #subjugation__oppression the act of subjugating by cruelty
subtype: #pogrom organized persecution of an ethnic group (especially Jews)
subtype: #torturing__torture the act of torturing someone; "it required unnatural torturing to extract a confession"
subtype: #strappado torture in which a person's hands and tied behind their back and they are lifted off the ground by a rope tied to their wrists and that allowed to drop until their fall is checked by the rope
subtype: #excruciation__crucifixion the infliction of extremely painful punishment or suffering
subtype: #dismemberment__taking_apart the removal of limbs; being cut to pieces
subtype: #inhuman_treatment__inhumantreatment__cruelty a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering
subtype: #impalement the act of piercing with a sharpened stake as a form of punishment or torture
subtype: #inhumanity__atrocity a act of atrocious cruelty
subtype: #brutality__barbarity__barbarism__savagery a brutal barbarous savage act
subtype: #outrage a wantonly cruel act
subtype: #enormity an act of extreme wickedness
subtype: #popery an offensive term for the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church
subtype: #ritual the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies
subtype: #solemnization__celebration__solemnisation the public performance of a sacrament or solemn ceremony with all appropriate ritual; "the celebration of marriage"
subtype: #Holy_Communion__Communion the act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist
subtype: #intercommunion participation in Holy Communion by members of more than one church (eg Catholic and Orthodox)
subtype: #ritualism exaggerated emphasis on the importance of rites or ritualistic forms in worship
subtype: #nudism__naturism the practice of living without clothes for reasons of health
subtype: #transvestism__transvestitism__cross_dressing__crossdressing the practice of adopting the clothes or the manner or the sexual role of the opposite sex
subtype: #recreation__diversion an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates
subtype: #child's_play__child'splay__play play by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules; "Freud believed in the utility of play to a small child"
subtype: #house.child's_play play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults; "the children were playing house"
subtype: #doctor children take the roles of doctor or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the doctor's office; "the children explored each other's bodies by playing the game of doctor"
subtype: #fireman play in which children take the roles of firemen and pretend to put out a fire
subtype: #pastime__interest a subject or pursuit that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly): "sailing is her favorite pastime"; "his main pastime is gambling"; "he counts reading among his interests"; "they criticized the boy for his limited interests"
subtype: #avocation__by-line__hobby__sideline__spare-time_activity an auxiliary activity
subtype: #speleology__spelaeology the pastime of exploring caves
subtype: #escapism__escape an inclination to retreat from unpleasant realities through diversion or fantasy; "he escaped into romantic novels"; "his alcohol problem was a form of escapism"
subtype: #sport.recreation__athletics__athletic an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition
subtype: #contact_sport__contactsport a sport that necessarily involves body contact between opposing players
subtype: #boxing__pugilism__fisticuffs fighting with the fists
subtype: #professional_boxing boxing for money
subtype: #in-fighting.boxing__infighting boxing at close quarters
subtype: #fight.boxing__bout a boxing match; "the fight was on television last night"
subtype: #sparring making the motions of attack and defense with the fists and arms; a part of training for a boxer
subtype: #wrestling__rassling__grappling the sport of hand-to-hand struggle between unarmed contestants who try to throw each other down
subtype: #professional_wrestling wrestling for money
subtype: #flying_mare a wrestling maneuver
subtype: #ice_hockey__icehockey__hockey__hockey_game a game played on an ice rink by two opposing teams of 6 skaters each who try to knock a flat round puck into the opponents' goal with hockey sticks
subtype: #football any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal
subtype: #American_football a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays
subtype: #professional_football playing football for money
subtype: #touch_football__touchfootball a version of football in which the ball carrier is touched rather than tackled
subtype: #rugby_football__rugbyfootball__rugby__rugger (British) a form of football played with an oval ball
subtype: #soccer__association_football__associationfootball a football game in which two teams of 11 players try to kick or head a ball into the opponents' goal
subtype: #outdoor_sport__outdoorsport__field_sport__fieldsport a sport that is played outdoors
subtype: #hunt.outdoor_sport__hunting the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport
subtype: #battue a hunt in which beaters force the game to flee in the direction of the hunter
subtype: #beagling hunting rabbits with beagles
subtype: #coursing hunting with dogs that are trained to chase game by sight instead of by scent
subtype: #deer_hunting__deer_hunt hunting deer
subtype: #ducking__duck_hunting hunting ducks
subtype: #fox_hunting__foxhunting__foxhunt mounted hunters follow hounds in pursuit of a fox
subtype: #pigsticking the sport of hunting wild boar with spears
subtype: #fishing the act of someone who fishes as a diversion
subtype: #angling fishing with a hook and line (and usually a pole)
subtype: #fly-fishing__flyfishing angling with an artificial fly as a lure
subtype: #casting.fishing__cast the act of throwing a fishing line out over the water by means of a rod and reel
subtype: #bait_casting the single-handed rod casting of a relatively heavy (artificial) bait
subtype: #fly_casting casting an artificial fly as a lure
subtype: #overcast a cast that falls beyond the intended spot
subtype: #surf_casting__surf_fishing casting (artificial) bait far out into the ocean (up to 200 yards) with the waves breaking around you
subtype: #gymnastics a sport that involves exercises intended to display strength and balance and agility
subtype: #acrobatics__tumbling the gymnastic moves of an acrobat
subtype: #track_and_field__trackandfield participating in athletic sports performed on a running track or on the field associated with it
subtype: #track__running the act of participating in an athletic competition involving running on a track
subtype: #jumping the act of participating in an athletic competition in which you must jump
subtype: #jumping_up_and_down jumping in one spot (as in excitement); "the wailing and jumping up and down exhausted him"
subtype: #skiing a sport in which participants must travel on skis
subtype: #cross-country_skiing__crosscountryskiing the sport of skiing across the countryside (rather than downhill)
subtype: #ski_jumping__skijumping the act of performing a jump of skis from a high ramp overhanging a snow covered slope
subtype: #water_sport__watersport__aquatics sports that involve bodies of water
subtype: #swimming__swim the act of swimming
subtype: #bathe the act of swimming; "the Englishman said he had a good bathe"
subtype: #dip__plunge a brief swim in water
subtype: #dive__diving a headlong plunge into water
subtype: #belly_flop__bellyflop__belly_flopper__bellyflopper__belly_whop__bellywhop__belly_whopper__bellywhopper a dive in which the abdomen bears the main force of impact with the water
subtype: #cliff_diving__cliffdiving diving into the water from a steep overhanging cliff
subtype: #flip a dive in which the diver somersaults before entering the water
subtype: #full_gainer__gainer a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward to complete a full backward somersault and enters the water feet first and facing away from the diving board
subtype: #half_gainer a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward and up to complete a half backward somersault and enters the water facing the diving board
subtype: #jackknife a dive in which the diver bends to touch the ankles before straightening out
subtype: #swan_dive__swallow_dive__swallowdive a dive in which the diver arches the back with arms outstretched before entering the water
subtype: #skin_diving__skin-dive underwater swimming with a breathing apparatus
subtype: #scuba_diving__scubadiving skin diving with scuba apparatus
subtype: #snorkeling__snorkel_diving__snorkeldiving skin diving with a snorkel
subtype: #surfing__surfboarding__surfriding the sport of riding a surfboard toward the shore on the crest of a wave
subtype: #water-skiing__waterskiing skiing on water while being towed by a motorboat
subtype: #rowing__row the act of rowing as a sport
subtype: #crab.rowing a stroke of the oar that either misses the water or digs too deeply; "he caught a crab and lost the race"
subtype: #sculling rowing by a single oarsman in a racing shell
subtype: #archery the sport of shooting arrows with a bow
subtype: #sledding the sport of riding on a sled or sleigh
subtype: #tobogganing riding on a long light sled with low handrails
subtype: #luging riding a light one-man toboggan
subtype: #bobsledding riding on a bobsled
subtype: #skating the sport of gliding on skates
subtype: #ice_skating__iceskating skating on ice
subtype: #figure_skating ice skating where the skates trace outlines of selected figures
subtype: #roller_skating skating on wheels
subtype: #skateboarding the sport of skating on a skateboard
subtype: #racing the sport of engaging in contests of speed
subtype: #boat_racing the sport of racing boats
subtype: #hydroplane_racing racing in high-speed motor boats
subtype: #camel_racing__camelracing the sport of racing camels
subtype: #greyhound_racing__greyhoundracing the sport of racing greyhounds
subtype: #horse_racing__horseracing the sport of racing horses
subtype: #equitation__riding__horseback_riding__horsebackriding riding a horse as a sport
subtype: #equestrian_sport a sport that tests horsemanship
subtype: #dressage maneuvers of a horse in response to body signals by the rider
subtype: #curvet__vaulting a light leap by a horse in which both hind legs leave the ground before the forelegs come down
subtype: #piaffe a cadenced trot executed by the horse in one spot
subtype: #showjumping__stadium_jumping__stadiumjumping riding horses in competitions over set courses to demonstrate skill in jumping over obstacles
subtype: #cross-country_riding__crosscountryriding__cross-country_jumping__crosscountryjumping riding horses across country over obstructions to demonstrate horsemanship
subtype: #three-day_event__threedayevent an equestrian competition; the first day is dressage; the second is cross-country jumping; the third is stadium jumping
subtype: #pony-trekking (British) a sport in which people ride across country on ponies
subtype: #cycling the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle
subtype: #bicycling riding a bicycle
subtype: #motorcycling riding a motorcycle; "motorcycling is a dangerous sport"
subtype: #dune_cycling bicycling or motorcycling on sand dunes
subtype: #bloodsport sport that involves killing animals (especially hunting)
subtype: #bullfighting the activity at a bullfight
subtype: #cockfighting participation in the sport of matching gamecocks in a cockfight
subtype: #hunt.outdoor_sport__hunting the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport
subtype: #athletic_game a game involving athletic activity
subtype: #ice_hockey__icehockey__hockey__hockey_game a game played on an ice rink by two opposing teams of 6 skaters each who try to knock a flat round puck into the opponents' goal with hockey sticks
subtype: #tetherball a game with two players who use rackets to strike a ball that is tethered to the top of a pole; the object is to wrap the string around the pole
subtype: #water_polo__waterpolo a game played in a swimming pool by two teams of swimmers who try to throw an inflated ball into the opponents' goal
subtype: #outdoor_game__outdoorgame an athletic game that is played outdoors
subtype: #day_game__daygame a game played in daylight
subtype: #night_game__nightgame a game played under artificial illumination at night
subtype: #golf_game__golf a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes
subtype: #professional_golf playing golf for money
subtype: #round_of_golf__round the activity of playing 18 holes of golf; "a round of golf takes about 4 hours"
subtype: #medal_play__medalplay__stroke_play golf scoring by total strokes taken
subtype: #match_play__matchplay golf scoring by holes won
subtype: #miniature_golf__miniaturegolf a novelty version of golf played with golf balls and putters on a miniature course featuring many obstacles
subtype: #clock_golf__clockgolf a form of golf in which you putt from positions arranged on the circumference of a circle around the hole
subtype: #croquet a game in which players hit a wooden ball through a series of hoops; the winner is the first to traverse all the hoops and hit a peg
subtype: #quoits__horseshoes a game in which quoits or horseshoes are thrown at a stake in the ground in the hope of encircling it
subtype: #shuffleboard__shovelboard a game in which players use long sticks to shove wooden disks onto the scoring area marked on a smooth surface
subtype: #field_game__fieldgame an outdoor game played on a field of specified dimensions
subtype: #field_hockey__fieldhockey__hockey hockey played on a field; two opposing teams use curved sticks to drive a ball into the opponents' net
subtype: #football any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal
subtype: #hurling a traditional Irish game resembling hockey; played by two teams of 15 players each
subtype: #ball_game__ballgame a field game played with a ball (especially baseball);
subtype: #baseball_game__baseball__ball a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of 9 players; teams take turns at bat trying to score run; "he played baseball in high school"; "there was a baseball game on every empy lot"; "there was a desire for National League ball in the area"; "play ball!"
subtype: #professional_baseball playing baseball for money
subtype: #hardball baseball as distinguished from softball
subtype: #perfect_game__perfectgame a game in which a pitcher does not allow any opposing player to reach base
subtype: #no-hit_game__no-hitter a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team no hits
subtype: #one-hitter__onehitter__1-hitter__1hitter a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only one hit
subtype: #two-hitter__twohitter__2-hitter__2hitter a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 2 hits
subtype: #three-hitter__threehitter__3-hitter__3hitter a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 3 hits
subtype: #four-hitter__4-hitter__4hitter a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 4 hits
subtype: #five-hitter__5-hitter__5hitter a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 5 hits
subtype: #softball_game__softball a game closely resembling baseball that is played on a smaller diamond and with a ball that is larger and softer
subtype: #rounders an English ball game similar to baseball
subtype: #stickball_game__stickballgame__stickball a form of baseball played in the streets with a rubber ball and broomstick handle
subtype: #cricket a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of 11 players; teams take turns trying to score runs
subtype: #lacrosse a game invented by American indians; now played by two teams who use long-handled rackets to catch and carry and throw the ball toward the opponents' goal
subtype: #polo a game similar to field hockey but played on horseback using long-handled mallets and a wooden ball
subtype: #pushball a game using a leather-covered ball 6 feet in diameter; the two side try to push it across the opponents' goal
subtype: #ultimate_frisbee a game between two teams whose players try to toss a Frisbee to one another until they cross the opponents goal; possession changes hands when the frisbee is intercepted or touches the ground or goes out of bounds
subtype: #court_game__courtgame an athletic game played on a court
subtype: #handball a game played in a walled court or against a single wall by two or four players who strike a rubber ball with their hands
subtype: #racquetball a game played on a handball court with short-handled rackets
subtype: #fives__five (British) a game resembling handball; played on a court with a front wall and two side walls
subtype: #squash_racquets__squash__squash_rackets a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets
subtype: #volleyball_game__volleyball a game in which two teams hit an inflated ball over a high net using their hands
subtype: #jai_alai__jaialai a Basque or Spanish game played in a court with a ball and a wickerwork racket
subtype: #badminton a game played on a court with light long-handled rackets used to volley a shuttlecock over a net
subtype: #battledore_and_shuttlecock__battledore an ancient racket game
subtype: #singles.badminton__single badminton played with one person on each side
subtype: #doubles.badminton__double badminton played with two players on each side
subtype: #basketball_game__basketball a game played on a court by two opposing teams of 5 players; points are scored by throwing the basketball through an elevated horizontal hoop
subtype: #professional_basketball playing basketball for money
subtype: #deck_tennis game played mainly on board ocean liners; players toss a ring back and form over a net that is stretched across a small court
subtype: #netball a team game that resembles basketball; a soccer ball is to be thrown so that it passes through a ring on the top of a post
subtype: #lawn_tennis__tennis a game played with rackets by two or four players who hit a ball back and forth over a net that divides the court
subtype: #professional_tennis playing tennis for money
subtype: #singles__single tennis played with one person on each side
subtype: #doubles__double tennis played with two players on each side
subtype: #royal_tennis__real_tennis__court_tennis an ancient form of tennis played in a four-walled court
subtype: #pallone an Italian game similar to tennis
subtype: #judo a sport adapted from jujitsu (using principles of not resisting) and similar to wrestling; developed in Japan
subtype: #bathing immersing the body in water or sunshine
subtype: #sea_bathing__seabathing bathing in the sea or ocean
subtype: #sun_bathing__sunbathing immersing the body in sunlight
subtype: #game.recreation an amusement or pastime; "he thought of his painting as a game that filled his empty time"; "his life was all fun and games"
subtype: #catch a cooperative game in which a ball is passed back and forth; "he played catch with his son in the backyard"
subtype: #party_game__partygame a game to amuse guests at a party
subtype: #computer_game__video_game__videogame a game played against a computer
subtype: #virtual_reality__virtualreality a hypothetical three-dimensional visual world created by a computer; user wears special goggles and fiber optic gloves etc., and can enter and move about in this world and interact with objects as if inside it
subtype: #pinball_game__pinballgame__pinball a game played on a sloping board; the object is to propel marbles against pins or into pockets
subtype: #pachinko a Japanese pinball game played on a vertical board
subtype: #guessing_game a game in which participants compete to identify some obscurely indicated thing
subtype: #charades player acts out a phrase for others to guess
subtype: #ducks_and_drakes a game in which a flat stone is bounced along the surface of calm water
subtype: #paper_chase__paperchase__hare_and_hounds an outdoor game; the hares start off on a long run scattering bits of paper (the scent) and the hounds try to catch them before they reach a designated spot
subtype: #ring-around-the-rosy__ring-around-a-rosy__ring-a-rosy a children's game in which the players dance around in a circle and at a given signal all squat
subtype: #prisoner's_base a children's game; two teams capture opposing players by tagging them and taking them to their own base
subtype: #treasure_hunt a game in which players try to find hidden articles by using a series of clues
subtype: #gambling__gaming__play the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize); "his gambling cost him a fortune"; "there was heavy play at the blackjack table"
subtype: #sporting_life active interest in gambling on sports events
subtype: #bet__wager the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet"
subtype: #daily_double__dailydouble a single bet on two horse races in the same day
subtype: #exacta__perfecta a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order
subtype: #parimutuel betting where winners share the total amount wagered
subtype: #place_bet__placebet a bet that a horse will finish a race no worse than second
subtype: #superfecta a bet that you can pick the first four finishers in a race in the right order
subtype: #game_of_chance__gambling_game a game that involves gambling
subtype: #fantan a Chinese gambling game; a random number of counters are placed under a bowl and you gamble on how many will be left (0 or 1 or 2 or 3) modulo 4
subtype: #lottery.game_of_chance__drawing players buy chances and prizes are distributed according to the drawing of lots
subtype: #tombola (British) a lottery in which tickets are drawn from a revolving drum
subtype: #numbers_pool__numberspool__numbers_game__numbersgame__numbers_racket__numbersracket__numbers__number an illegal daily lottery
subtype: #raffle a lottery in which the prizes are goods rather than money
subtype: #sweepstake__sweepstakes__sweepstake a lottery in which the prize consists of the money paid by the participants
subtype: #crap_shooting__craps__crap__crap_game a gambling game using two dice
subtype: #roulette a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a revolving wheel a small ball will come to rest in
subtype: #banking_game__bankinggame any gambling game in which bets are laid against the gambling house or the dealer
subtype: #unlicensed_gambling unlicensed gambling is illegal in most jurisdictions
subtype: #throw.gambling the throwing of an object in order to determine an outcome randomly; "he risked his fortune on a throw of the dice"
subtype: #cast__roll the act of throwing dice
subtype: #natural (in craps) a first roll of 7 or 11 that immediately wins the stake
subtype: #flip.throw__toss the act of flipping a coin
subtype: #festivity__celebration any joyous diversion
subtype: #merrymaking__jollification boisterous celebration
subtype: #high_jinks__jinks__jink__hijinks__high_jinx noisy and mischievous merrymaking
subtype: #revel__revelry unrestrained merrymaking
subtype: #spree__fling a brief indulgence of your impulses
subtype: #binge__bust__tear__bout an occasion for excessive eating or drinking; "they went on a bust that lasted three days"
subtype: #piss-up (British) vulgar expression for a bout of heavy drinking
subtype: #carouse__carousal__bender__toot__booze-up__boozeup revelry in drinking; a merry drinking party
subtype: #debauch__orgy__debauchery__saturnalia__riot__bacchanal__bacchanalia__drunken_revelry__drunkenrevelry a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity
subtype: #whoopee noisy and boisterous revelry
subtype: #Olympian_Games__Olympic_Games__olympicgame the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Olympia in honor of Zeus; held every 4 years beginning in 776 BC
subtype: #Isthmian_Games ancient games held biennially on the Isthmus of Corinth in the first and third years of each Olympiad
subtype: #fete__festival an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place); "a drama festival"
subtype: #carnival a festival marked by merrymaking and processions
subtype: #Fat_Tuesday__Mardi_Gras the pre-Lenten festival of Shrove Tuesday
subtype: #Dionysia__Bacchanalia an orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus (= Bacchus)
subtype: #eisteddfod any of several annual Welsh festivals involving artistic competitions (especially in singing)
subtype: #Royal_National_Eisteddfod an eisteddfod with competitions in music and drama and poetry and the fine arts
subtype: #film_festival a cinematic festival that features films (usually films produced during the past year)
subtype: #jazz_festival a festival that features performances by jazz artists
subtype: #Kwanzaa__Kwanza a festival featuring African-American culture; celebrated between Christmas and New Years
subtype: #Saturnalia an orgiastic festival in ancient Rome in honor of Saturn
subtype: #sheepshearing.fete festival at the time of sheepshearing
subtype: #gala_affair__gala__jamboree__blowout a gay festivity
subtype: #victory_celebration__victorycelebration a celebration following a victory in a battle or sports competition
subtype: #escapade__lark any carefree episode
subtype: #frolic__play__romp__gambol__caper gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement; "it was all done in play"; "their frolic in the surf threatened to become ugly"
subtype: #flirt__flirting__flirtation__coquetry__dalliance__toying playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest
subtype: #foolery__folly__tomfoolery__indulgence foolish or senseless behavior
subtype: #buffoonery__clowning__frivolity__harlequinade__prank acting like a clown or buffoon
subtype: #horseplay rowdy or boisterous play
subtype: #teasing playful vexation; "the parody was just a form of teasing"
subtype: #word_play playing on words or speech sounds
subtype: #fun.recreation__merriment__playfulness__playfulnes activities that are enjoyable or amusing; "I do it for the fun of it"; "he is fun to have around"
subtype: #antic__joke__prank__trick__caper__put-on__puton a ludicrous or grotesque act done for fun and amusement
subtype: #dirty_trick__dirtytrick an unkind or aggressive trick
subtype: #practical_joke__practicaljoke a prank or trick played on a person especially one intended to make the victim appear foolish
subtype: #April_fool a practical joke or trick played on April Fools' day
subtype: #rag (British) a boisterous practical joke (especially by college students)
subtype: #jocularity__jest__joke activity characterized by good humor
subtype: #drollery__waggery a quaint and amusing jest
subtype: #leg-pull__legpull__legpulling as a joke: trying to make somebody believe something that is not true
subtype: #pleasantry an agreeable or amusing remark; "they exchange pleasantries"
subtype: #entertainment__amusement an activity that entertains
subtype: #extravaganza any lavishly staged or spectacular entertainment
subtype: #show a public entertainment or exhibition; "a remarkable show of skill"
subtype: #funfair__carnival__fair a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.
subtype: #dog_show__dogshow a competitive exhibition of dogs
subtype: #horseshow a competitive exhibition of horses
subtype: #raree-show__rareeshow a street show
subtype: #circus performance given by a traveling company of acrobats clowns and trained animals; "the children always love to go to the circus"
subtype: #three-ring_circus a circus with simultaneous performances in three rings
subtype: #floorshow__cabaret__floor_show__floorshow a series of acts at a night club
subtype: #ice_show__iceshow any entertainment performed by ice skaters
subtype: #interlude.show__intermezzo__entr'acte a brief show (music or dance etc) performed between the sections of another performance
subtype: #showing__display__exhibit something shown to the public; "the museum had many exhibits of oriental art"
subtype: #parade a visible display; "she made a parade of her sorrows"
subtype: #light_show__lightshow a display of colored lights moving in shifting patterns
subtype: #presentation.show__presentment__demonstration the act of presenting something; "he gave the customer a demonstration"
subtype: #exhibition the act of exhibiting; "a remarkable exhibition of musicianship"
subtype: #production.exhibition (law) the act of exhibiting in a court of law; "the appellate court demanded the production of all documents"
subtype: #rodeo an exhibition of cowboy skills
subtype: #performance the act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment; "we congratulated him on his performance at the rehearsal"; "an inspired performance of Mozart's C minor concerto"
subtype: #dramatic_production__dramatic_performance a performance of a drama
subtype: #encore an extra or repeated performance; usually given in response to audience demand
subtype: #extemporization__extemporisation__improvisation a performance given without planning or preparation
subtype: #juggle__juggling throwing and catching several objects simultaneously
subtype: #magic_trick__magictrick__conjuring_trick__conjuringtrick__trick__magic__legerdemain__illusion__deception an illusory feat; considered magical by naive observers
subtype: #card_trick a trick performed with playing cards
subtype: #prestidigitation__sleight_of_hand manual dexterity in the execution of tricks
subtype: #musical_performance__musicalperformance act of performing music
subtype: #playing the act of playing a musical instrument
subtype: #bowing managing the bow in playing a stringed instrument; "the violinist's bowing was excellent"
subtype: #spiccato_bowing__spiccato bowing in such a way that the bow bounces lightly off the strings
subtype: #piping playing a pipe or the bagpipes
subtype: #stopping the kind of playing that involves pressing the fingers on the strings of a stringed instrument to control the pitch; "the violinist's stopping was excellent"
subtype: #double_stopping stopping two strings and producing two notes at the same time
subtype: #jam_session__jamsession an impromptu jazz concert
subtype: #one-night_stand__onenightstand a performance in one place on one night only
subtype: #rendition.performance__rendering__interpretation the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance
subtype: #reinterpretation a new or different interpretation
subtype: #swan_song__last_hurrah a final performance or effort (especially before retirement)
subtype: #program.performance__programme a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation; "the program lasted more than two hours"
subtype: #bill.program the entertainment offered at a public presentation
subtype: #lecture_demonstration__lecturedemonstration presentation of an example of what the lecturer is discoursing about
subtype: #demonstration a show of military force or preparedness; "he confused the enemy with feints and demonstrations"
subtype: #road_show a show on tour
subtype: #sideshow a minor show that is part of a larger one (as at the circus)
subtype: #beguilement__distraction an entertainment that provokes pleased interest and distracts you from worries and vexations
subtype: #dancing__dance__terpsichore taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music
subtype: #break_dancing__breakdancing__break_dance__breakdance a form of solo dancing that involves rapid acrobatic moves in which different parts of the body touch the ground; normally performed to the rhythm of rap music
subtype: #nautch_dance__nautch__nauch an intricate traditional dance in India performed by professional dancing girls
subtype: #pavane__pavan a stately court dance of the 16th and 17th centuries
subtype: #saraband a stately court dance of the 17th and 18th centuries; in slow time
subtype: #slam_dancing__slam_dance a form of dancing in which dancers slam into one another; normally performed to punk rock
subtype: #step_dancing__hoofing dancing in which the steps are more important than gestures or postures
subtype: #tap_dancing__tapdancing__tap_dance__tapdance a dance step tapped out audibly with the feet
subtype: #soft-shoe_shuffle__soft-shoe__soft-shoe_dancing tap dancing wearing soft-soled shoes
subtype: #buck-and-wing a solo tap dance emphasizing sharp taps
subtype: #clog_dance__clog_dancing__clog a dance performed while wearing clogs; has heavy stamping steps
subtype: #toe_dancing__toedancing__toe_dance__toedance a dance performed on tiptoe
subtype: #stage_dancing__stagedancing__choreography artistic dancing
subtype: #concert_dance__concertdance__ballet a theatrical representation of a story performed to music by ballet dancers
subtype: #classical_ballet__classicalballet a style of ballet based on precise conventional steps performed with graceful and flowing movements
subtype: #modern_ballet a style of ballet that admits a wider variety of movements
subtype: #comedy_ballet a ballet that stresses the drama with features of comedy
subtype: #modern_dance a style of theatrical dancing that is not as restricted as classical ballet; movements are expressive of feelings
subtype: #interpretive_dance__interpretive_dancing__interpretative_dance__interpretative_dancing a form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a story
subtype: #apache_dance a violent fast dance in French vaudeville (an apache is a member of the French underworld)
subtype: #belly_dance__bellydance__belly_dancing__bellydancing__danse_du_ventre a Middle Eastern dance in which the dancer makes sensuous movements of the hips and abdomen
subtype: #bolero a Spanish dance in triple time accompanied by guitar and castanets
subtype: #cakewalk a strutting dance based on a march; was performed in minstrel shows; originated as a competition among Black dancers to win a cake
subtype: #cancan a high-kicking dance of French origin performed by a female chorus line
subtype: #nude_dancing erotic dancing with little or no clothing
subtype: #fan_dance__fandance a solo dance in which large fans are manipulated to suggest or reveal nakedness
subtype: #striptease__strip a form of entertainment in which a dancer undresses to music; "she did a strip right in front of everyone"
subtype: #bubble_dance a solo dance similar to a fan dance except large balloons are used instead of fans
subtype: #pas_seul__passeul a solo dance or dance figure
subtype: #pas_de_deux__duet a dance for two people (usually a ballerina and a danseur noble)
subtype: #social_dancing dancing as part of a social occasion
subtype: #jitterbug a jerky American dance that was popular in the 1940s
subtype: #lindy_hop__lindyhop__lindy an energetic American dance that was popular in the 1930s (probably named for the aviator Charles Lindbergh)
subtype: #fandango a provocative Spanish courtship dance in triple time; performed by a man and a woman playing castanets
subtype: #flamenco__gypsy_dancing__gypsydancing a style of dancing characteristic of the Andalusian gypsies; vigorous and rhythmic with clapping and stamping of feet
subtype: #gavotte an old formal French dance in quadruple time
subtype: #shag a lively dance step consisting of hopping on each foot in turn
subtype: #stomp a dance involving a rhythmical stamping step
subtype: #tarantelle__tarantella a lively whirling Italian dance for two persons
subtype: #ballroom_dancing__ballroom_dance any of a variety of social dances performed by couples in a ballroom
subtype: #beguine a ballroom dance that originated in the French West Indies; similar to the rumba
subtype: #carioca a lively ballroom dance that resembles the samba
subtype: #cha-cha-cha__chachacha__cha-cha__chacha a modern ballroom dance from Latin America; small steps and swaying movements of the hips
subtype: #one-step__onestep an early ballroom dance; precursor to the fox-trot
subtype: #turkey_trot an early ragtime one-step
subtype: #fox-trot__foxtrot a ballroom dance in quadruple time; combines short and long and fast and slow steps fixed sequences
subtype: #two-step__twostep a ballroom dance in duple meter; marked by sliding steps
subtype: #bunny_hug__bunnyhug a syncopated ballroom dance formerly popular in the US
subtype: #charleston an American ballroom dance in syncopated rhythm; popular early in the 20th century
subtype: #conga a Latin American dance of 3 steps and a kick by people in single file
subtype: #cotillion__cotilion a lively dance originating in France in the 18th century
subtype: #minuet a stately court dance in the 17th century
subtype: #paso_doble a ballroom dance in fast duple time
subtype: #quickstep a ballroom dance with both quick and slow steps
subtype: #rumba a ballroom dance based on the Cuban folk dance
subtype: #samba.ballroom_dancing a lively ballroom dance from Brazil
subtype: #round_dancing__rounddancing__round_dance__rounddance a ballroom dance characterized by revolving movement
subtype: #tango a ballroom dance of Latin-American origin
subtype: #valse__waltz a ballroom dance in triple time with a strong accent on the first beat
subtype: #folk_dancing__folk_dance a style of dancing that originated among ordinary people (not in the royal courts)
subtype: #farandole a lively dance from Provence; all the dancers join hands and execute various figures
subtype: #mazurka a Polish national dance in triple time
subtype: #polka a Bohemian dance with 3 steps and a hop in fast time
subtype: #morris_dance__morris_dancing any of various English folk dances performed by men in costume
subtype: #sword_dance__sworddance__sword_dancing__sworddancing any of various dances by men who step nimbly over swords or flourish them in the air
subtype: #rumba.folk_dancing a rhythmic syncopated Cuban folk dance in duple time
subtype: #hornpipe a British solo dance performed by sailors
subtype: #jig any of various old rustic dances involving kicking and leaping
subtype: #country-dance__countrydance__country_dancing__countrydancing__contredanse__contra_danse a type of folk dance in which couples are arranged in sets or face one another in a line
subtype: #longways_dance__longways country dancing performed with couples in two long lines facing each other
subtype: #Virginia_reel__reel an American country dance which starts with the couples facing each other in two lines
subtype: #square_dance__square_dancing American country dancing in which couples form squares
subtype: #Scottish_reel__reel a lively dance of Scottish highlanders; marked by circular moves and gliding steps
subtype: #highland_fling a vigorous Scottish reel
subtype: #eightsome a Scottish reel for eight dancers
subtype: #quadrille a square dance of 5 or more figures for 4 or more couples
subtype: #lancers a quadrille for 8 or 16 couples
subtype: #do-si-do a square-dance figure; two dancers approach each other and circle back to back before returning to their original places
subtype: #promenade.country-dance a square dance figure; couples march counterclockwise in a circle
subtype: #sashay a square dance figure; partners circle each other taking sideways steps
subtype: #swing.country-dance a square dance figure; a pair of dancers join hands and dance around a point between them
subtype: #landler a moderately slow Austrian country dance in triple time; involves spinning and clapping
subtype: #round_dance__rounddance a folk dance; dancers form a circle
subtype: #schottische a German round dance resembling a slow polka
subtype: #ritual_dancing__ritual_dance__ceremonial_dance a dance that is part of a religious ritual
subtype: #apache_devil_dance a ritual dance of the Apache Indians
subtype: #danse_macabre__dansemacabre__dance_of_death a medieval dance in which a skeleton representing death leads a procession of others to the grave
subtype: #ghost_dance__ghostdance a religious dance of native Americans looking for communication with the dead
subtype: #pyrrhic an ancient Greek dance imitating the motions of warfare
subtype: #rain_dance a ritual dance intended to bring rain
subtype: #corn_dance a rain dance of Amerindians
subtype: #hula-hula__hula__Hawaiian_dancing a Polynesian rain dance performed by a woman
subtype: #snake_dance__snakedance a ceremonial dance (as by the American Hopi Indians) in which snakes are handled or invoked
subtype: #sun_dance__sundance a ceremonial dance performed by Amerindians at the summer solstice
subtype: #war_dance__wardance a ceremonial dance performed before a battle or after a victory
subtype: #eurythmy__eurhythmy__eurythmics__eurhythmics__eurhythmic the interpretation in harmonious bodily movements of the rhythm of musical compositions; used to teach musical understanding
subtype: #music.recreation a musical diversion; "his music was his central interest"
subtype: #vocal_music__vocalmusic music that is vocalized (as contrasted with instrumental music)
subtype: #singing__vocalizing the act of singing vocal music
subtype: #a_cappella_singing__a_capella_singing__acapellasinging singing without instrumental accompaniment
subtype: #bel_canto__belcanto a style of operatic singing
subtype: #coloratura singing with florid ornamentation
subtype: #caroling singing joyful religious songs (especially at Christmas)
subtype: #crooning the act of singing popular songs in a sentimental manner
subtype: #crooning.singing singing in a soft low tone; "her crooning soon put the child to sleep"
subtype: #scat_singing__scat singing jazz; the singer substitutes nonsense syllables for the words of the song and tries to sound like a musical instrument
subtype: #harmonization__harmonisation singing in harmony
subtype: #humming the act of singing with closed lips
subtype: #chanting__intonation the act of singing in a monotonous tone
subtype: #cantillation liturgical chanting
subtype: #karaoke singing popular songs accompanied by a recording of an orchestra (usually in bars or nightclubs)
subtype: #part-singing singing with three or more voice parts
subtype: #psalmody__hymnody the act of singing psalms or hymns
subtype: #singsong (British) informal group singing of popular songs
subtype: #solmization singing using solfa syllables to denote the notes of the scale
subtype: #yodeling singing by changing back and forth between the chest voice and a falsetto
subtype: #song.vocal_music__strain the act of singing; "with a shout and a song they marched up to the gates"
subtype: #carol a joyful song (usually celebrating the birth of Christ)
subtype: #lullaby__cradlesong a quiet song that lulls a child to sleep
subtype: #aria an elaborate song for solo voice
subtype: #carillon_playing__bell_ringing__carillon playing a set of bells that are (usually) hung in a tower
subtype: #change_ringing ringing tuned bells in a fixed order that is continually changing
subtype: #drumming__percussion the act of playing drums; "he practiced his drumming several hours every day"
subtype: #whistling the act of whistling a tune; "his cheerful whistling indicated that he enjoyed his work"
subtype: #cup_of_tea__bag__dish an activity that you like or at which you are superior; "chemistry is not my cup of tea"; "his bag now is learning to play golf"; "marriage was scarcely his dish"
subtype: #game.activity a contest with rules to determine a winner; "you need four people to play this game"
subtype: #curling (Scotland) a game played on ice; curling stones (heavy stones with handles) are slid toward a target
subtype: #bowling.game a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over
subtype: #tenpins__tenpin_bowling bowling down an alley at a target of ten wooden pins
subtype: #ninepins__skittles bowling down an alley at a target of nine wooden pins
subtype: #duckpins a bowling game using a pin smaller than a tenpin but proportionately wider
subtype: #candlepins__candlepin_bowling__candlepinbowling a bowling game using slender bowling pins
subtype: #lawn_bowling a bowling game played on a lawn with wooden balls that are rolled at a jack
subtype: #bocce__bocci__boccie Italian lawn bowling (played on a long narrow dirt court)
subtype: #bowls__bowl lawn bowling at a jack using biased wooden balls
subtype: #pall-mall a 17th century game; a wooden ball was driven along an alley with a mallet
subtype: #athletic_game a game involving athletic activity
subtype: #child's_game__child'sgame a game enjoyed by children
subtype: #blindman's_buff a children's game in which a blindfolded player tries to catch and identify other players
subtype: #cat's_cradle__cat'scradle game played with string looped over the fingers
subtype: #hide-and-seek__hide_and_go_seek a child covers his eyes while the other players hide then tries to find them
subtype: #hopscotch a child tosses a stone into an area drawn on the ground and then hops through it and back to regain the stone
subtype: #knucklebones__jacks__jack__jackstones a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball
subtype: #jackstraws__spillikins a game in which players try to pick each jackstraw (or spillikin) off of a pile without moving any of the others
subtype: #leapfrog.child's_game one child bends down and another leaps over
subtype: #marbles__marble a children's game played with little balls made of a hard substance (as glass)
subtype: #mumblety-peg__mumble-the-peg a game in which players throw or flip a jackknife in various ways so that the knife sticks in the ground
subtype: #musical_chairs N players march around N-1 chairs; when the music stops the player who did not find a chair is eliminated; then a chair is removed and the march resumed until only the winner is seated
subtype: #peekaboo__bopeep a game played with young children; you hide your face and suddenly reveal it as you say Boo!
subtype: #pillow_fight a child's game of fighting with pillows
subtype: #post_office a children's game in which kisses are exchanged for pretended letters
subtype: #spin_the_bottle a game in which a player spins a bottle and kisses the person that it points to when it stops spinning
subtype: #spin_the_plate__spin_the_platter a game in which something round (as a plate) is spun on edge and the name of a player is called; the named player must catch the spinning object before it falls or pay a forfeit
subtype: #tag.child's_game one child chases the others; the one who is caught becomes the next chaser
subtype: #tiddlywinks a game in which players try to flip plastic disks into a cup by pressing them on the side sharply with a larger disk
subtype: #card_game__cards__card a game played with playing cards
subtype: #all_fours__allfour__high-low-jack card games in which points are won for taking the high or low or jack or game
subtype: #cinch a form of all fours in which the players bid for the privilege of naming trumps
subtype: #auction_pitch__auctionpitch__pitch an all-fours game in which the first card led is a trump
subtype: #seven-up__sevenup__old_sledge__oldsledge a form of all fours in which a total of seven points is game
subtype: #baccarat__chemin_de_fer a card game played in casinos in which two or more punters gamble against the banker; the player wins who holds 2 or 3 cars that total closest to nine
subtype: #blackjack__twentyone__vingt-et-un a card game in which the object is to hold cards having a higher count than those dealt to the bank up to but not exceeding 21
subtype: #bridge.card_game any of various card games based on whist for four players
subtype: #bridge_whist the earliest form of bridge; the dealer could name the trump suit
subtype: #auction_bridge__auctionbridge__auction a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge
subtype: #contract_bridge__contract a variety of bridge in which the bidder receives points toward game only for the number of tricks he bid
subtype: #casino__cassino a card game in which cards face up on the table are taken with eligible cards in the hand
subtype: #royal_casino__royalcasino a form of casino in which face cards have extra point values
subtype: #spade_casino__spadecasino a form of casino in which spades have the value of one point
subtype: #cribbage__crib a card game in which each player is dealt 6 cards and discards one or two to make up the crib
subtype: #ecarte a card game for 2 players; played with 32 cards and king high
subtype: #euchre__five_hundred a card game similar to ecarte; each player is dealt 5 cards and the player making trump must take 3 tricks to win a hand
subtype: #sevens__fantan__parliament a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as their sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards
subtype: #faro a card game in which players bet against the dealer on the cards he will draw from a dealing box
subtype: #Go_fish a card game for two players who try to assemble books of cards by asking the opponent for particular cards
subtype: #three-card_monte__monte__four-card_monte a gambling card game of Spanish origin; 3 or 4 cards are dealt face up and players bet that one of the will be matched before the others as the cards are dealt from the pack one at a time
subtype: #Michigan.card_game__michigan__Chicago__Newmarket__boodle__stops__stop a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck); a player plays the lowest card of a suit in his hand and successively higher cards are played until the sequence stops; the player who plays a card matching one in the layout wins all the chips on that card
subtype: #old_maid__oldmaid a card game using a pack of cards from which one queen has been removed; players match cards and the player holding the unmatched queen at the end of the game is the loser (or `old maid')
subtype: #pinochle__pinocle__penuchle__bezique a card game played with a 48-card pack (two of each suit for high cards); play resembles whist
subtype: #piquet a card game for two players using a reduced pack of 32 cards
subtype: #poker_game__pokergame__poker any of various card games in which players bet that they hold the highest-ranking hand
subtype: #draw_poker__draw poker in which a player can discard cards and receive substitutes from the dealer; "he played only draw and stud"
subtype: #high-low poker in which the high and low hands split the pot
subtype: #penny_ante_poker__penny_ante__pennyante poker played for small stakes
subtype: #straight_poker poker in which each player gets 5 cards face down and bets are made without drawing any further cards
subtype: #strip_poker__strippoker poker in which a player's losses are paid by removing an article of clothing
subtype: #stud_poker__stud poker in which each player receives hole cards and the remainder are dealt face up; bets are placed after each card is dealt
subtype: #rouge_et_noir__trente-et-quarante a card game in which two rows of cards are dealt and players can bet on the color of the cards or on which row will have a count nearer some number
subtype: #rummy__rum a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards
subtype: #gin_rummy__ginrummy__gin__knock_rummy__knockrummy a form of rummy in which a player can go out if the cards remaining in their hand total less than 10 points
subtype: #canasta__basket_rummy__meld a form of rummy using two decks and four jokers; jokers and deuces are wild; the object is to meld groups of seven of the same rank
subtype: #bolivia a form of canasta in which sequences can be melded
subtype: #samba a form of canasta using three decks and six jokers
subtype: #patience__solitaire a card game played by one person
subtype: #canfield a form of solitaire that involves gambling
subtype: #Russian_bank__crapette solitaire with two players using separate packs
subtype: #short_whist__whist__longwhist a card game for four players who form two partnerships; a pack of 52 cards is dealt and each side scores one point for each trick it takes in excess of six
subtype: #dummy_whist a form of whist with three players; four hands are dealt with the hand opposite the dealer being face up
subtype: #hearts__Black_Maria a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts of the queen of spades
subtype: #table_game__tablegame a game that is played on a table
subtype: #table_tennis__Ping-Pong a game (trade name Ping-Pong) resembling tennis but played on a table with paddles and a light hollow ball
subtype: #dominoes__dominos__domino any of several games played with small rectangular blocks
subtype: #nim game in which matchsticks are arranged in rows and players alternately remove one or more of them; in some versions the object is to take the last remaining matchstick on the table and in other versions the object is to avoid taking the last remaining matchstick on the table
subtype: #billiards__billiard any of several games played on rectangular cloth-covered table (with cushioned edges) in which long tapering cue sticks are used to propel ivory (or composition) balls
subtype: #pocket_billiards__pool any of various games played on a pool table having 6 pockets
subtype: #snooker a form of pool played with 15 red balls and six balls of other colors and a cue ball
subtype: #bar_billiards__barbilliard__bagatelle (British) a table game in which short cues are used to knock balls into holes that are guarded by wooden pegs; penalties are incurred if the pegs are knocked over
subtype: #parlor_game__parlour_game__parlourgame a game suitable for playing in a parlor
subtype: #word_game any game involving the formation or alteration or discovery of words
subtype: #anagrams a game whose object is to form words from a group of randomly chosen letters
subtype: #Scrabble (trademark) a game in which words are formed from letters in patterns similar to a crossword puzzle
subtype: #board_game__boardgame a game played on a specially designed board
subtype: #backgammon a board game for two players; pieces move according to throws of the dice
subtype: #checkers__draughts a checkerboard game for two players who each have 12 pieces; the object is to jump over and so capture the opponent's pieces
subtype: #chess_game__chessgame__chess__ches a game for two players who move their 16 pieces according to specific rules; the object is to checkmate the opponent's king
subtype: #shogi (Japanese) a form of chess played on a board of 81 squares; each player has 20 pieces
subtype: #Chinese_checkers__Chinese_chequers a board game in which each player tries to move a set of marbles through a set of holes from one point of a six-pointed star to the opposite point
subtype: #darts__dart a game in which darts are thrown at a dartboard
subtype: #go_game__go (Japanese) a board game for two players who place counters on a grid; the object is to surround and so capture the opponent's counters
subtype: #halma a board game in which players try to move their pieces into their opponent's bases
subtype: #lotto__bingo__beano__keno a game in which numbered balls are drawn and random and players cover the corresponding numbers on their cards
subtype: #ludo (British) a simple board game in which players move counters according to the throw of dice
subtype: #Mah-Jongg__mahjong Chinese game played by 4 people with 144 tiles
subtype: #Monopoly (trademark) a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die
subtype: #pachisi an ancient board game resembling backgammon; played on a cross-shaped board
subtype: #Parcheesi (trademark) a modern board game based on pachisi
subtype: #shovel_board__shove-halfpenny__shovehalfpenny__shove-ha'penny__shoveha'penny (British) a game in which coins or discs are slid by hand across a board toward a mark
subtype: #ticktacktoe__ticktacktoo__tic-tac-toe__tictactoe__tit-tat-toe__tittattoe__noughts_and_crosses__noughtsandcrosse a game in which two players alternately put crosses and circles in one of the compartments of a 3-by-3 board; the object is to get a row of three crosses or three circles before the opponent does
subtype: #game_of_chance__gambling_game a game that involves gambling
subtype: #turn.activity__play the activity of doing something in an agreed succession; "it is my turn"; "it is still my play"
subtype: #move.turn (games) a player's turn to move a piece or take some other permitted action
subtype: #chess_move__chessmove the act of moving a chess piece
subtype: #castling__castle interchanging the positions of the king and a rook
subtype: #capture the removal of an opponent's piece from the chess board
subtype: #check (chess) a direct attack on an opponent's king
subtype: #discovered_check a check on the opponent's king that is delivered by moving a piece out of the line of attack by a queen or rook or bishop
subtype: #checkmate.chess_move__mate a chess move constituting an inescapable and indefensible attack on the opponent's king
subtype: #gambit a chess move early in the game in which the player sacrifices minor pieces in order to obtain an advantageous position
subtype: #starting__start a turn to be a starter (in a game at the beginning); "he got his start because one of the regular pitchers was in the hospital"; "his starting meant that the coach thought he was one of their best linemen"
subtype: #innings__inning the batting turn of a cricket player or team
subtype: #follow-on an immediate second innings forced on a cricket team scoring a prescribed number of runs fewer than it opponents in the first innings
subtype: #attack.turn an offensive move in a sport or game; "they won the game with a 10-hit attack in the 9th inning"
subtype: #down a complete play to advance the football; "you have 4 downs to gain 10 yards"
subtype: #at-bat__bat a turn batting (in baseball); "he was at bat when it happened" or "he got 4 hits in 4 at-bats"
subtype: #lead.turn the playing of a card to start a trick in bridge; "the lead was in the dummy"
subtype: #trumping__ruff (cards) the act of taking a trick with a trump when unable to follow suit
subtype: #acting__playing__playacting__performing the performance of a part or role in a drama
subtype: #portrayal__enactment acting the part of a character on stage
subtype: #impression.portrayal an impressionistic portrayal of a person; "he did a funny impression of a politician"
subtype: #theatrical_role__character__role__part__persona an actor's portrayal of someone in a play; "she played the part of Desdemona"
subtype: #bit_part__bitpart__minorrole a small role
subtype: #soubrette a minor female role as a pert flirtatious lady's maid in a comedy
subtype: #heavy a serious (or tragic) role in a play
subtype: #hero the principal character in a play or movie or novel or poem
subtype: #ingenue the role of an innocent artless young woman in a play
subtype: #title_role__titlerole__name_part the role of the character after whom the play is named
subtype: #heroine the main good female character in a work of fiction
subtype: #villain the principle bad character in a work of fiction
subtype: #impersonation__personation imitating the mannerisms of another person
subtype: #apery the act of mimicking; imitative behavior
subtype: #parody__mockery humorous or satirical mimicry
subtype: #pantomime__mime__dumb_show a performance using gestures and body movements without words
subtype: #panto (British) an abbreviation of pantomime
subtype: #stage_business__business__byplay incidental activity performed by an actor for dramatic effect; "his business with the cane was hilarious"
subtype: #skit a short theatrical episode
subtype: #hamming__overacting poor acting by a ham actor
subtype: #heroics__heroic ostentatious hammy conduct
subtype: #roleplaying acting a particular role (as in psychotherapy)
subtype: #liveliness__animation general activity and motion
subtype: #burst__fit a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason); "a burst of applause"; "a fit of housecleaning"
subtype: #snap__cinch__picnic__duck_soup__child's_play__child'splay__pushover__walkover__piece_of_cake any activity that is easy to do; "marketing this product will be no picnic"
subtype: #work activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"
subtype: #lavation__wash__washing the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)
subtype: #ablution__washup__bathing the act of washing yourself (or another person)
subtype: #shower_bath__shower washing yourself in a shower; you stand upright under water sprayed from a nozzle; "he took a shower after the game"
subtype: #bath you soak your body in a bathtub; "he has a good bath every morning"
subtype: #bubble_bath a bath in which you add something to foam and scent the bath water
subtype: #mud_bath__mudbath a bath in warm mud (as for treating rheumatism)
subtype: #sponge_bath you wash your body with a sponge or washcloth instead of in a bathtub
subtype: #steam_bath__steambath__Turkish_bath__vapor_bath__vaporbath__vapour_bath you sweat in a steam room before getting a rubdown and cold shower
subtype: #dishwashing the act of washing dishes
subtype: #washing-up__washingup the washing of dishes etc after a meal
subtype: #window-washing the activity of washing windows
subtype: #rinse washing lightly without soap
subtype: #soak__soaking washing something by allowing it to soak
subtype: #laundering washing clothes and bed linens
subtype: #job.work a damaging piece of work: "dry rot did the job of destroying the barn"; "the barber did a real job on my hair"
subtype: #job the performance of a piece of work; "she did an outstanding job as Ophelia"; "he gave it up as a bad job"
subtype: #operation.work__procedure a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work: "the operations in building a house"; "certain machine tool operations"
subtype: #service work done by one person or group that benefits another; "budget separately for goods and services"
subtype: #facility.service a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you; "a cell phone with internet facility"
subtype: #utility the service provided by a utility company; "the cost of utilities never decreases"
subtype: #shining__polishing the work of making something shine by polishing it; "the shining of shoes provided a meager living"
subtype: #shoeshine the act of shining shoes; "he charged a dollar for a shoeshine"
subtype: #heavy_lifting__heavylifting (informal) difficult work; "the boss hoped the plan would succeed but he wasn't willing to do the heavy lifting"
subtype: #housewifery the work of a housewife
subtype: #housework__housekeeping the work of cleaning and running a house
subtype: #ironing the work of ironing washed clothes
subtype: #busywork__make-work active work of little value; "while he was waiting he filled the days with busywork"
subtype: #logging the work of cutting down trees for timber
subtype: #loose_end__looseend__unfinished_business work that is left incomplete
subtype: #nightwork work to be done at night
subtype: #paperwork work that involves handling papers: forms or letters or reports etc.
subtype: #welfare_work__welfarework__social_service an organized activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society
subtype: #social_work any of various services designed to aid the poor and aged and to increase the welfare of children
subtype: #casework close sociological study of a maladjusted person or family for diagnosis and treatment
subtype: #toil__labor__labour productive work (especially physical work done for wages); "his labor did not require a great deal of skill"
subtype: #roping capturing cattle or horses with a lasso
subtype: #calf_roping capturing a calf with a lasso and binding its feet
subtype: #steer_roping__steerroping capturing a steer with a lasso
subtype: #corvee unpaid labor (as for the maintenance of roads) required by a lord of his vassals in lieu of taxes
subtype: #drudgery__plodding__grind__donkeywork hard monotonous routine work
subtype: #elbow_grease__elbowgrease__effort__exertion__travail__sweat use of physical or mental energy; hard work; "he got an A for effort"; "they managed only with great exertion"
subtype: #struggle strenuous effort; "the struggle to get through the crowd exhausted her"
subtype: #wrestle__wrestling__grapple__grappling__hand-to-hand_struggle the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat; "they had a fierce wrestle"; "we watched his grappling and wrestling with the bully"
subtype: #trouble.elbow_grease an effort that is inconvenient; "I went to a lot of trouble"; "he won without any trouble"; "had difficulty walking"; "finished the test only with great difficulty"
subtype: #least_effort__leasteffort__leastresistance the least effortful way to do something
subtype: #straining__strain an intense or violent exertion
subtype: #physical_exercise__exercise__exercising__physical_exertion__workout the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit; "the doctor recommended regular exercise"; "he did some exercising"; "the physical exertion required by his work kept him fit"
subtype: #kick_up raising the feet backward with the hands on the ground; a first movement in doing a handstand
subtype: #conditioner exercise that conditions the body; "farmwork can be a good conditioner"
subtype: #exercise_set__set several exercises intended to be done in series; "he did four sets of the incline bench press"
subtype: #aerobics__aerobic_exercise__aerobicexercise exercise that increases the need for oxygen
subtype: #bodybuilding__anaerobic_exercise__anaerobicexercise__musclebuilding exercise that builds muscles through tension
subtype: #weightlifting exercise by lifting weights
subtype: #bench_press__benchpres a weightlifting exercise in which you lie on your back on a bench and press weights upward
subtype: #incline_bench_press__inclinebenchpres a bench press performed on an inclined bench
subtype: #clean_and_jerk__cleanandjerk__clean a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then jerked overhead
subtype: #military_press__press__pres a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then smoothly lifted overhead
subtype: #snatch a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted overhead in one rapid motion
subtype: #weight_gaining bodybuilding that increases muscle mass and body weight
subtype: #calisthenics__callisthenics__callisthenic__calisthenic_exercise__calisthenicexercise__callisthenic_exercise light exercise designed to promote general fitness
subtype: #isometrics__isometric_exercise__isometricexercise muscle-building exercises involving muscular contractions against resistance without movement (the length of the muscle does not change)
subtype: #isotonic_exercise exercise in which opposing muscles contract and there is controlled movement (the length of the muscles changes)
subtype: #jogging running at a jog trot as a form of exercise
subtype: #Kegel_exercises__pubococcygeus_exercises__pubococcygeusexercise exercises for women designed to improve the ability to hold urine
subtype: #stretch.physical_exercise__stretching exercise designed to extend the limbs and muscles to their full extent
subtype: #pandiculation yawning and stretching (as when first waking up)
subtype: #arm_exercise__armexercise exercise designed to strengthen the arm muscles
subtype: #pushup__press-up__pressup an arm exercise performed lying face to the floor and pushing the body up and down with the arms
subtype: #widegrip_pushup a pushup with the arms widely separated
subtype: #chin-up an arm exercise performed by pulling yourself up on a horizontal bar until your chin is level with the bar
subtype: #back_exercise exercise designed to strengthen the back muscles
subtype: #leg_exercise__legexercise exercise designed to strengthen the leg muscles
subtype: #squat__squatting exercising by repeatedly assuming a squatting position; strengthens the leg muscles
subtype: #leg_curl__legcurl__leg_curling__legcurling an exercise designed to strength the flexor muscles of the leg
subtype: #leg_extensor__legextensor an exercise designed to strengthen the extensor muscles of the leg
subtype: #neck_exercise exercise designed to strengthen the neck muscles
subtype: #stomach_exercise__stomachexercise exercise designed to strengthen the abdominal muscles
subtype: #yoga a course of related exercises and postures intended to promote control of the body and mind and to attain physical and spiritual wellbeing
subtype: #pull a sustained effort; "it was a long pull but we made it"
subtype: #application.elbow_grease__diligence a diligent effort; "it is a job requiring serious application"
subtype: #overkill any effort that seems to go farther than would be necessary to achieve its goal
subtype: #supererogation an effort above and beyond the call of duty
subtype: #overexertion the exertion of so much effort that discomfort or injury results
subtype: #detrition__friction__rubbing effort expended in rubbing one object against another
subtype: #attrition the act of rubbing together; wearing something down by friction
subtype: #hunting__hunt the work of finding and killing or capturing animals for food or pelts
subtype: #still_hunt__stillhunt__stalk__stalking a hunt for game carried on by stalking or waiting in ambush
subtype: #deerstalking stalking deer
subtype: #birdnesting hunting for birds' nests to get the eggs
subtype: #predation the act of preying by a predator who kills and eats the prey
subtype: #hackwork professional work done according to formula
subtype: #haymaking cutting grass and curing it to make hay
subtype: #manual_labor__manual_labour labor done with the hands
subtype: #application__coating__covering the work of applying something; "the doctor prescribed a topical application of iodine"; "a complete bleach requires several applications"; "the surface was ready for a coating of paint";
subtype: #anointing__anointment the act of applying oil or an oily liquid
subtype: #inunction__unction anointing as part of a religious ceremony or healing ritual
subtype: #fumigation the application of a gas or smoke to something for the purpose of disinfecting it
subtype: #lubrication an application of a lubricant to something
subtype: #paving__pavage the act of applying paving materials to an area
subtype: #painting the act of applying paint to a surface; "you can finish the job of painting faster with a roller than with a brush"
subtype: #spray_painting__spraypainting applying paint with a sprayer
subtype: #spatter__spattering__splash__splashing__splattering the act of splashing a (liquid) substance on a surface
subtype: #finger_painting painting by using the fingers to spread the paint
subtype: #spraying the application of a liquid in the form of small particles ejected from a sprayer
subtype: #spray_painting__spraypainting applying paint with a sprayer
subtype: #tin-plating__tinplating__tinning the application of a protective layer of tin
subtype: #tinning the application of a thin layer of soft solder to the ends of wires before soldering them; "careful tinning of the ends of wires results in a better joint when you solder them"
subtype: #papering__paperhanging the application of wallpaper
subtype: #plastering__daubing the application of plaster
subtype: #pargeting__pargetting ornamental plastering
subtype: #plating the application of a thin coat of metal (as by electrolysis)
subtype: #scumble the application of very thin coat of color over the surface of a picture
subtype: #tiling the application of tiles to cover a surface
subtype: #waxing the application of wax to a surface
subtype: #lining.application__facing providing something with a surface of a different material
subtype: #babbitting lining a surface or bearing with babbitt metal
subtype: #bodywork the work of making or repairing vehicle bodies
subtype: #handling manual (or mechanical) carrying or moving or delivering or working with something
subtype: #materials_handling__materialshandling act of loading and unloading and moving goods within e.g. a factory especially using mechanical devices
subtype: #loading the labor of loading something; "the loading took 2 hours"
subtype: #unloading the labor of unloading something
subtype: #picking the act of picking (crops or fruit or hops etc.)
subtype: #planking the work of covering an area with planks
subtype: #wiring the work of installing the wires for an electrical system or device
subtype: #overwork__overworking the act working too much or too long; "he became ill from overwork"
subtype: #slavery.toil work done under harsh conditions for little or no pay
subtype: #subbing working as a substitute for someone who is ill or on leave of absence
subtype: #investigating__investigation the work of inquiring into something thoroughly and systematically
subtype: #research systematic investigation to establish facts
subtype: #operations_research research designed to determine most efficient way to do something
subtype: #field_work__fieldwork an investigation carried out in the field rather than in a laboratory or headquarters
subtype: #marketing_research__marketingresearch__market_research research that gathers and analyzes information about the moving of good or services from producer to consumer
subtype: #market_analysis marketing research that yields information about the marketplace
subtype: #product_research__productresearch marketing research that yields information about desired characteristics of the product or service
subtype: #consumer_research marketing research that yields information about the motives and needs of different classes of consumers
subtype: #microscopy research with the use of microscopes
subtype: #electron_microscopy microscopy with the use of electron microscopes
subtype: #dark_ground_illumination__dark_field_illumination a form of microscopic examination of living material by scattered light; specimens appear luminous against a dark background
subtype: #fluorescence_microscopy light microscopy in which the specimen is irradiated at wavelengths that excite fluorochromes
subtype: #indirect_immunofluorescence a method of using fluorescence microscopy to detect the presence of an antigen indirectly
subtype: #probe an investigation conducted using a probe instrument
subtype: #scientific_research__research_project research into questions posed by scientific theories and hypotheses
subtype: #big_science__bigscience scientific research that requires massive capital investment but is expected to yield very significant results
subtype: #experiment.scientific_research__experimentation the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation
subtype: #testing the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
subtype: #trial_and_error__trialanderror experimenting until a solution is found
subtype: #Michelson-Morey_experiment a celebrated experiment conducted by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley; their failure to detect any influence of the earth's motion on the velocity of light was the starting point for Einstein's theory of relativity
subtype: #control_experiment__controlexperiment an experiment designed to control for variables affecting the results of another experiment
subtype: #Human_Genome_Project an international study of the entire human genetic material
subtype: #examination__testing the act of giving students or candidates a test (as by questions) to determine what they know or have learned
subtype: #eleven-plus__11-plus (formerly in England) an examination taken by 11 and 12 year old students to select suitable candidates for grammar school
subtype: #search.investigating an investigation seeking answers; "a thorough search of the ledgers revealed nothing" or "the outcome justified the search"
subtype: #inquiry__enquiry a systematic investigation of a matter of public interest
subtype: #means_test__meanstest an inquiry into the financial position of someone applying for financial aid
subtype: #inquest an inquiry into the cause of an unexpected death
subtype: #examination.investigating__inspection__scrutiny the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)
subtype: #autopsy__necropsy__postmortem__PM__postmortem_examination an examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease
subtype: #check-out_procedure__checkoutprocedure__check__checkout the act of inspecting or verifying; "they made a check of their equipment"; "the pilot ran through the check-out procedure"
subtype: #medical_checkup__medicalcheckup__checkup__medical_examination__medicalexamination__medical_exam__medicalexam__medical__health_check a thorough physical examination; includes a variety of tests depending on the age and sex and health of the person
subtype: #comparing__comparison examining resemblances or differences
subtype: #likening the act of comparing similarities
subtype: #analogy drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect; "the operation of a computer presents and interesting analogy to the working of the brain"; "the models show by analogy how matter is built up"
subtype: #collation careful examination and comparison to note points of disagreement
subtype: #contrast the act of distinguishing by comparing differences
subtype: #fine-toothed_comb a method of examining in minute detail; "he went over the contract with a fine-toothed comb looking for loopholes"
subtype: #follow-up__reexamination__review a second (or subsequent) examination
subtype: #going-over__goingover a careful and thorough inspection
subtype: #once-over__look-over a swift cursory examination or inspection; "I gave him the once-over"
subtype: #palpation__tactual_exploration__tactualexploration a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional)
subtype: #ballottement a palpatory technique for feeling a floating object in the body (especially for determining the position of a fetus by feeling the rebound of the fetus after a quick digital tap on the wall of the uterus)
subtype: #endoscopy visual examination of the interior of a hollow body organ by use of an endoscope
subtype: #celioscopy endoscopic examination of the abdomen through the abdominal wall
subtype: #colonoscopy visual examination of the colon (with a colonoscope) from the cecum to the rectum; requires sedation
subtype: #culdoscopy endoscopic examination of a woman's pelvic organs by the insertion of a culdoscope through the vagina
subtype: #gastroscopy visual examination of the stomach by means of a gastroscope inserted through the esophagus
subtype: #hysteroscopy visual examination of the uterus and uterine lining using an endoscope inserted through the vagina
subtype: #proctoscopy visual examination of the rectum and the end of the colon by means of a proctoscope
subtype: #flexible_sigmoidoscopy__sigmoidoscopy visual examination (with a sigmoidoscope) of the lower third of the colon in a search for polyps
subtype: #keratoscopy examination of the cornea with a keratoscope to detect irregularities in its anterior surface
subtype: #rhinoscopy examination of the nasal passages (either through the anterior nares or with a rhinoscope through the nasopharynx)
subtype: #scan the act of scanning; systematic examination of a prescribed region; "he made a thorough scan of the beach with his binoculars"
subtype: #search.examination boarding and inspecting a ship on the high seas; "right of search"
subtype: #survey__study a detailed critical inspection
subtype: #resurvey a new survey or study
subtype: #testing.examination an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
subtype: #screening testing objects or persons in order to identify those with particular characteristics
subtype: #genetic_screening__geneticscreening analyzing a group of people to determine genetic susceptibility to a particular disease; "genetic screening of infants for phenylketonuria"
subtype: #time-and-motion_study__time-motion_study__motion_study__time_study__work_study an analysis of a specific job in an effort to find the most efficient method in terms of time and effort
subtype: #inspection__review a formal or official examination; "the platoon stood ready for inspection"
subtype: #bank_examination an examination of the affairs and records of a bank by a state or federal bank examiner
subtype: #analysis an investigation of the component parts of a whole
subtype: #anatomy a detailed analysis; "he studied the anatomy of crimes"
subtype: #case_study a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view
subtype: #chemical_analysis__qualitative_analysis the act of decomposing a substance into its constituent elements
subtype: #urinalysis__uranalysis the chemical analysis of urine (for medical diagnosis)
subtype: #scatology the chemical analysis of excrement (for medical diagnosis or for paleontological purposes)
subtype: #polarography an electrochemical method of chemical analysis
subtype: #quantitative_analysis__quantitative_chemical_analysis chemical analysis to determine the amounts of each element in the substance
subtype: #colorimetry__colorimetric_analysis quantitative chemical analysis by color using a colorimeter
subtype: #volumetric_analysis quantitative analysis by the use of definite volumes of standard solutions or reagents
subtype: #acidimetry volumetric analysis using standard solutions of acids to measure the amount of a base present
subtype: #alkalimetry volumetric analysis using standard solutions of alkali to measure the amount of acid present
subtype: #titration a measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete; the concentration of the unknown solution (the titer) can them be calculated
subtype: #volumetric_analysis.quantitative_analysis__volumetricanalysi determination of the volume of gases (or changes in their volume) during combination
subtype: #gravimetric_analysis quantitative analysis by weight
subtype: #spectroscopy__spectrometry__spectroscopic_analysis__spectrum_analysis__spectrographic_analysis the use of spectroscopes to analyze spectra
subtype: #mass_spectroscopy the use of spectroscopy to determine the masses of small electrically charged particles
subtype: #microwave_spectroscopy__microwavespectroscopy the use of spectroscopy to study atomic or molecular resonances in the microwave spectrum
subtype: #electron_spin_resonance__ESR__electron_paramagnetic_resonance microwave spectroscopy in which there is resonant absorption of radiation by a paramagnet
subtype: #dialysis separation of substances in solution my means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes
subtype: #apheresis__apheresi__pheresis a procedure in which blood is drawn and separated into its components by dialysis; some are retained and the rest are returned to the donor by transfusion
subtype: #plasmapheresis plasma is separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor
subtype: #plateletpheresis platelets are separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor
subtype: #hemodialysis__haemodialysis__haemodialysi dialysis of the blood to remove toxic substances or metabolic wastes from the bloodstream; used in the case of kidney failure
subtype: #dating use of chemical analysis to estimate the age of geological specimens
subtype: #radiocarbon_dating__radiocarbondating__carbon_dating__carbon-14_dating a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14; believed to be reliable up to 40,000 years
subtype: #rubidium-strontium_dating a method of dating based on the decay of rubidium-87 into the stable isotope strontium-87; rubidium-87 has a half-life of 47,000,000,000 years
subtype: #cost_analysis breaking down the costs of some operation and reporting on each factor separately
subtype: #dissection.analysis detailed part-by-part critical analysis or examination as of a literary work
subtype: #counting__count__numeration__enumeration__reckoning__tally the act of counting; "the counting continued for several hours"
subtype: #blood_count__bloodcount the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
subtype: #complete_blood_count__CBC__blood_profile__bloodprofile counting the number of white and red blood cells and the number of platelets in 1 cubic millimeter of blood
subtype: #differential_blood_count counting the number of specific types of white blood cells found in 1 cubic millimeter of blood; may be included as part of a complete blood count
subtype: #census__nosecount a period count of the population
subtype: #countdown counting backward from an arbitrary number to indicate the time remaining before some event (such as launching a space vehicle)
subtype: #miscount an inaccurate count
subtype: #poll the counting of votes (as in an election)
subtype: #recount an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election
subtype: #sperm_count__spermcount the act of estimating the number of spermatozoa in an ejaculate
subtype: #tabulation the act of putting into tabular form; "the tabulation of the results"
subtype: #detecting__detection__detective_work__detectivework__police_investigation__sleuthing the investigation of criminal activities to determine the perpetrator; "detection is hard on the feet"
subtype: #wiretap the act of tapping a telephone or telegraph line to get information
subtype: #surveillance close observation of a person or group
subtype: #electronic_surveillance surveillance by electronic means (e.g. television)
subtype: #watch__vigil a purposeful surveillance to guard or observe
subtype: #listening_watch__listeningwatch__continuous_receiver_watch a watch established for the reception of traffic of interest to the unit maintaining the watch
subtype: #spying keeping a secret or furtive watch
subtype: #stakeout surveillance of some place or some person by the police (as in anticipation of a crime)
subtype: #calibration__standardization__standardisation the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; "the thermometer needed calibration"
subtype: #tuning calibrating something (a musical instrument or electronic circuit) to a standard frequency
subtype: #registration__adjustment__readjustment the act of adjusting something to match a standard
subtype: #voicing the act of adjusting an organ pipe (or wind instrument) so that it conforms to the standards of tone and pitch and color
subtype: #collimation the accurate adjustment of the line of sight of a telescope
subtype: #tune-up adjustments made to an engine to improve its performance
subtype: #synchronising__synchronization__synchronisation__synchronizing an adjustment that causes something to occur or recur in unison
subtype: #alignment the act of adjusting or aligning the parts of a device in relation to each other
subtype: #camber the alignment of the wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the bottom than at the top
subtype: #toe-in__toein the alignment of the front wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the front than at the back
subtype: #tending__attention__aid the work of caring for or attending to someone or something; "no medical care was required"; "the old car needed constant attention"
subtype: #hair_care__hairdressing care for the hair: the activity of washing or cutting or curling or arranging the hair
subtype: #brush__brushing the act of brushing your hair; "he gave his hair a quick brush"
subtype: #combing the act of drawing a comb through hair; "his hair needed a comb"
subtype: #comb-out.combing__combout__teasing the act of removing tangles from you hair with a comb
subtype: #shampoo the act of washing your hair with shampoo
subtype: #babysitting the work of a baby sitter; caring for children when their parents are not home
subtype: #dental_care care for the teeth
subtype: #brushing__brush the act of brushing your teeth; "the dentist recommended two brushes a day"
subtype: #first_aid__firstaid emergency care given before regular medical aid can be obtained
subtype: #treatment care by procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury
subtype: #medical_care__medicalcare__medical_aid__medicalaid professional treatment for illness or injury
subtype: #aftercare care and treatment of a convalescent patient
subtype: #hospitalization__hospitalisation__hospital_care medical care in a hospital
subtype: #therapy (medicine) the act of caring for someone (as by medication or remedial training etc.); "the quarterback is undergoing treatment for a knee injury"; "he tried every treatment the doctors suggested"; "heat therapy gave the best relief"
subtype: #chemotherapy the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness)
subtype: #chrysotherapy the use of chemicals containing gold for treating diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis)
subtype: #correction treatment of a specific defect; "the correction of his vision with eye glasses"
subtype: #spinal_fusion__fusion correction of an unstable part of the spine by joining two or more vertebrae; usually done surgically but sometimes done by traction or immobilization
subtype: #electric_healing__galvanism__electricalhealing the therapeutic application of electricity to the body
subtype: #heliotherapy__insolation therapeutic exposure to sunlight
subtype: #hormone_replacement_therapy__hormonereplacementtherapy__hormone-replacement_therapy__hormonereplacementtherapy__HRT hormones (estrogen and progestin) are given to postmenopausal women; believed to protect them from heart disease and osteoporosis
subtype: #infrared_therapy the use of infrared radiation (as by infrared lamps or heating pads or hot water bottles) to relieve pain and increase circulation to a particular area of the body
subtype: #inflation_therapy__inflationtherapy therapy in which water or oxygen or a drug is introduced into the respiratory tract with inhaled air
subtype: #medication the act of treating with medicines or remedies
subtype: #giving_medication__administration the act of administering medication
subtype: #drip_feed the administration of a solution (blood or saline or plasma etc.) one drop at a time
subtype: #drugging__sedation the administration of a sedative agent or drug
subtype: #irrigation (medicine) cleaning a wound or body organ by flushing or washing out with water or a medicated solution
subtype: #douche irrigation with a jet of water or medicated solution into or around a body part (especially the vagina) to treat infections or cleanse from odorous contents
subtype: #enema__clyster injection of a liquid through the anus to stimulate evacuation; sometimes used for diagnostic purposes
subtype: #barium_enema contrast medium is injected into the rectum and x-rays are taken to search for lesions
subtype: #lavage washing out a hollow organ (especially the stomach) by flushing with water
subtype: #gastric_lavage__gastriclavage washing out the stomach with sterile water or a salt-water solution; removes blood or poisons; "when the doctor ordered a gastric lavage the hospital pumped out my stomach"
subtype: #megavitamin_therapy__megavitamintherapy therapy based on a theory that taking very large doses of vitamins will prevent or cure physical or psychological disorders
subtype: #surgical_operation__operation__surgery__surgical_procedure__surgical_process a therapeutic procedure with instruments to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body; "they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"; "he died while undergoing surgery"
subtype: #cutting_out__cuttingout__ablation__extirpation__excision surgical removal of a body part or tissue
subtype: #adenoidectomy surgical removal of the adenoids; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy
subtype: #adrenalectomy__suprarenalectomy surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
subtype: #appendectomy__appendicectomy surgical removal of the vermiform appendix
subtype: #cholecystectomy surgical removal of the gall bladder (usually for relief of gallstone pain)
subtype: #laparoscopic_cholecystectomy__lap_choly__lapcholy removal of the gall bladder through small punctures in the abdomen to permit the insertion of a laparoscope and surgical instruments
subtype: #embolectomy surgical removal of an embolus (usually from an artery)
subtype: #ennervation surgical removal of a nerve
subtype: #hypophysectomy surgical removal of the pituitary gland
subtype: #hysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus
subtype: #radical_hysterectomy__radicalhysterectomy__panhysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus and the ovaries and oviducts and cervix and related lymph nodes
subtype: #total_hysterectomy__totalhysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus and cervix
subtype: #laminectomy surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae
subtype: #laryngectomy surgical removal of part or all of the larynx (usually to treat cancer of the larynx)
subtype: #lithotomy surgical removal of a stone (calculus)
subtype: #cholelithotomy removal of gallstone through an incision in the gallbladder
subtype: #lobectomy surgical removal of a lobe from any organ of the body (as the lung or brain)
subtype: #lumpectomy surgical removal of a tumor without removing much of the surrounding tissue or lymph nodes; performed in some cases of breast cancer
subtype: #mastectomy surgical removal of a breast to remove a malignant tumor
subtype: #modified_radical_mastectomy removal of a breast and the pectoralis minor and some lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit
subtype: #radical_mastectomy__radicalmastectomy removal of a breast and the underlying muscles (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit
subtype: #simple_mastectomy removal of a breast leaving the underlying muscles and the lymph nodes intact
subtype: #mastoidectomy surgical removal of the mastoid process
subtype: #meniscectomy surgical removal of the meniscus of the knee
subtype: #nephrectomy surgical removal of a kidney
subtype: #neurectomy surgical removal of all or part of a nerve
subtype: #oophorectomy__ovariectomy surgical removal of one of both ovaries
subtype: #oophorosalpingectomy surgical removal of one or both ovaries and the corresponding Fallopian tubes
subtype: #ophthalmectomy surgical removal of an eye
subtype: #orchidectomy__orchiectomy surgical removal of one or both testicles
subtype: #pancreatectomy surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas
subtype: #pneumonectomy surgical removal of a lung (usually to treat lung cancer)
subtype: #prostatectomy surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland
subtype: #salpingectomy surgical removal of one or both Fallopian tubes
subtype: #sigmoidectomy surgical removal of part or all of the sigmoid colon (usually to remove a malignant tumor)
subtype: #splenectomy surgical removal of the spleen
subtype: #stapedectomy surgical removal of the stapes of the middle ear
subtype: #sympathectomy surgical interruption of a nerve pathway in the sympathetic nervous system
subtype: #thrombectomy surgical removal of a blood clot (thrombus) from a blood vessel
subtype: #thyroidectomy surgical removal of the thyroid gland
subtype: #tonsillectomy surgical removal of the palatine tonsils; commonly performed along with adenoidectomy
subtype: #vasectomy surgical procedure that removes all or part of the vas deferens (usually as a means of sterilization); is sometimes reversible
subtype: #vulvectomy surgical removal of part or all of the vulva
subtype: #amputation a surgical removal of all or part of a limb
subtype: #angioplasty an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery
subtype: #arthroplasty surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint
subtype: #arthroscopy a minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint; the surgeon examines the joint with an arthroscope while making repairs through a small incision
subtype: #autoplasty surgical repair by using tissue from another part of the patient's own body
subtype: #brain_surgery__brainsurgery any surgical procedure involving the brain
subtype: #psychosurgery brain surgery on human patients intended to relieve severe and otherwise intractable mental or behavioral problems
subtype: #amygdalotomy psychosurgery in which amygdaloid fibers that mediate limbic system activity are severed (in cases of extreme uncontrollable violence)
subtype: #callosotomy severing the corpus callosum so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted (in cases of severe intractable epilepsy)
subtype: #prefrontal_lobotomy__lobotomy__leukotomy__leucotomy__prefrontalleukotomy__prefrontal_leucotomy surgical interruption of nerve tracts to and from the frontal lobe of the brain; often results in marked cognitive and personality changes
subtype: #transorbital_lobotomy a method of performing prefrontal lobotomy in which the surgical knife is inserted above the eyeball and moved to cut brain fibers
subtype: #split-brain_technique__splitbraintechnique brain surgery on animals in which the corpus callosum (and sometimes the optic chiasm) is severed so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted
subtype: #castration surgical removal of the testes or ovaries (usually to inhibit hormone secretion in cases of breast cancer in women or prostate cancer in men); "bilateral castration results in sterilization"
subtype: #cauterization__cautery__cauterisation the act of coagulating blood and destroying tissue with a hot iron or caustic agent or by freezing
subtype: #cryocautery application of a substance that destroys tissue by freezing it
subtype: #thermocautery cautery (destruction of tissue) by heat
subtype: #electrocautery application of a needle heated by an electric current to destroy tissue (as to remove warts)
subtype: #chemosurgery use of chemical to destroy diseased or malignant tissue; used in treatment of skin cancer
subtype: #craniotomy a surgical opening through the skull
subtype: #cryosurgery the use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers)
subtype: #curettage__curettement surgery to remove tissue or growths from a bodily cavity (as the uterus) by scraping with a curette
subtype: #suction_curettage__suctioncurettage__vacuum_aspiration a method of induced abortion; prior to the 14th week of gestation the embryo and placenta are removed by applying suction to the dilated cervix
subtype: #debridement surgical removal of foreign material and dead tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing
subtype: #decortication surgical removal of the cortex of an organ or part
subtype: #dilation_and_curettage__dilatation_and_curettage__D_and_C a surgical procedure usually performed under local anesthesia in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrial lining of the uterus is scraped with a curet; performed to obtain tissue samples or to stop prolonged bleeding or to remove small tumors or to remove fragments of placenta after childbirth or as a method of abortion
subtype: #electrosurgery surgery performed with electrical devices (as in electrocautery)
subtype: #enterostomy surgical operation that creates a permanent opening through the abdominal wall into the intestine
subtype: #enucleation surgical removal of something without cutting into it; "the enucleation of the tumor"
subtype: #evisceration surgical removal of an organ (or the contents of an organ) from a patient
subtype: #exenteration surgical removal of the organs within a body cavity (as those of the pelvis)
subtype: #fenestration surgical procedure that creates a new fenestra to the cochlea in order to restore hearing lost because of osteosclerosis
subtype: #gastrectomy surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
subtype: #gastroenterostomy surgical creation of an opening between the stomach wall and the small intestines; performed when the normal opening has been eliminated
subtype: #gastrostomy surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach (as for gastrogavage)
subtype: #heart_surgery__heartsurgery any surgical procedure involving the heart
subtype: #closed-heart_surgery heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened)
subtype: #port-access_coronary_bypass_surgery heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed by the use of small instruments and tiny cameras threaded through small incisions while the heart is stopped and blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine
subtype: #minimally_invasive_coronary_bypass_surgery heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed on the beating heart by the use of small instruments and cameras threaded through small incisions
subtype: #open-heart_surgery heart surgery in which the rib cage is spread open and surgery to fix a heart valve or repair a coronary artery is performed while the heart is stopped and blood is detoured through a heart-lung machine
subtype: #coronary_bypass_surgery__coronary_bypass__coronary_artery_bypass_graft__CABG open-heart surgery in which the rib cage is opened and a section of a blood vessel is grafted from the aorta to the coronary artery to bypass the blocked section of the coronary artery and improve the blood supply to the heart
subtype: #hemorrhoidectomy__haemorrhoidectomy surgical procedure for tying hemorrhoids and excising them
subtype: #hysterotomy surgical incision into the uterus (as in cesarean section)
subtype: #iridectomy surgical removal of part of the iris of the eye
subtype: #iridotomy a surgical procedure that makes an incision in the iris of the eye in order to enlarge the pupil or to treat glaucoma
subtype: #intestinal_bypass surgical operation that shortens the small intestine; used in treating obesity
subtype: #jejunostomy surgical creation of an opening between the jejunum and the anterior abdominal wall; will allow artificial feeding
subtype: #major_surgery__majorsurgery any surgical procedure that involves anesthesia or respiratory assistance
subtype: #microsurgery surgery using operating microscopes and miniaturized precision instruments to perform intricate procedures on very small structures
subtype: #robotic_telesurgery__robotictelesurgery microsurgery in which the surgeon performs surgery by manipulating the hands of a robot
subtype: #minor_surgery__minorsurgery any surgical procedure that does not involve anesthesia or respiratory assistance
subtype: #myotomy surgical incision or division of a muscle
subtype: #myringectomy surgical removal of the eardrum
subtype: #myringoplasty surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft
subtype: #myringotomy surgical incision into the eardrum (to relieve pressure or release pus from the middle ear)
subtype: #neurosurgery any surgery that involves the nervous system (brain or spinal cord or peripheral nerves)
subtype: #nose_job__rhinoplasty cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose
subtype: #orchiopexy operation to bring an undescended testicle into the scrotum
subtype: #osteotomy surgical sectioning of bone
subtype: #ostomy surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes
subtype: #colostomy a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus
subtype: #ileostomy surgical procedure that creates an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall to function as an anus; performed in cases of cancer of the colon or ulcerative colitis
subtype: #phalloplasty reconstructive surgery on the penis to repair congenital abnormality or injury
subtype: #phlebectomy surgical removal or all or part of a vein; sometimes done in cases of severe varicose veins
subtype: #photocoagulation surgical procedure that uses an intense laser beam to destroy diseased retinal tissue or to make a scar that will hold the retina in cases of detached retina
subtype: #plastic_surgery__plasticsurgery__cosmetic_surgery__anaplasty surgery concerned with therapeutic or cosmetic reformation of tissue
subtype: #rhytidectomy__face_lift__face_lifting__rhytidoplasty plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face; an incision is made near the hair line and skin is pulled back and excess tissue is excised
subtype: #keratoplasty__corneal_gaft__cornealgaft a surgical procedure in which part or all of the cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor
subtype: #epikeratophakia using a piece of donated corneal tissue to repair the eye of someone who has had a cataract removed; "epikeratophakia gave her a living contact lens"
subtype: #polypectomy surgical removal of a polyp
subtype: #resection surgical removal of part of a structure or organ
subtype: #transurethral_resection_of_the_prostate__TURP removal of significant amounts of prostate tissue (as in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia)
subtype: #rhinotomy surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the nose to drain accumulated pus
subtype: #rhizotomy surgical procedure in which spinal nerve roots are cut; done (anterior roots) to relieve intractable pain or (posterior roots) to stop severe muscle spasms
subtype: #Shirodkar's_operation__purse-string_operation a surgical procedure in which a suture is used to close the cervix in a pregnant woman; is performed when the cervix has failed to retain previous pregnancies
subtype: #sterilisation__sterilization the act of making an organism barren or infertile (unable to reproduce)
subtype: #neutering__fixing__altering the sterilization of an animal; "they took him to the vet for neutering"
subtype: #castration.neutering__emasculation neutering a male animal by removing the testicles
subtype: #spaying neutering a female by removing the ovaries
subtype: #surgical_contraception contraception by surgical sterilization
subtype: #tubal_ligation__tuballigation a sterilization procedure with women; both Fallopian tubes are tied in two places and the tubes removed in between the ligations
subtype: #vasectomy surgical procedure that removes all or part of the vas deferens (usually as a means of sterilization); is sometimes reversible
subtype: #strabotomy the surgical operation of cutting a muscle or tendon of the eye in order to correct strabismus
subtype: #taxis__taxi the surgical procedure of manually restoring a displaced body part
subtype: #tracheostomy__tracheotomy a surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air; performed when the pharynx is obstructed by edema or cancer or other causes
subtype: #organ_transplant__organtransplant__transplant__transplantation an operation moving an organ from one person (the donor) to another (the recipient)
subtype: #corneal_transplant__cornealtransplant__corneal_graft__cornealgraft the act of replacing a damaged or diseased cornea with another cornea taken from a donor (usually a donor who has recently died)
subtype: #trephination a operation that removes a circular section of bone from the skull
subtype: #tympanoplasty surgical correction or repair of defects or injuries in the eardrum or the bones of the middle ear
subtype: #uranoplasty surgical correction of a defect of the palate
subtype: #vasovasostomy a surgical procedure that attempts to restore the function of the vas deferens after a vasectomy
subtype: #vivisection the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research)
subtype: #physical_therapy__physiotherapy__physiatrics__physiatric therapy that uses physical agents: exercise and massage and other modalities
subtype: #occupational_therapy physical therapy involving the therapeutic use of crafts and hobbies for the rehabilitation of handicapped or convalescing patients (especially for emotionally disturbed patients)
subtype: #phytotherapy__herbal_therapy__botanical_medicine__botanicalmedicine the use of plants or plant extracts for medicinal purposes (especially plants that are not part of the normal diet)
subtype: #psychotherapy the treatment of mental or emotional problems by psychological means
subtype: #behavior_therapy__behavior_modification psychotherapy that seeks to extinguish or inhibit abnormal or maladaptive behavior by reinforcing desired behavior and extinguishing undesired behavior
subtype: #assertiveness_training__assertivenesstraining a method of psychotherapy that reinforces you for stating negative and positive feelings directly
subtype: #aversion_therapy any technique of behavior modification that uses unpleasant stimuli in a controlled fashion to alter behavior in a therapeutic way; primarily used for alcoholism or drug abuse (but with little success)
subtype: #desensitization_technique__desensitizationtechnique__desensitization_procedure__desensitizationprocedure__systematic_desinsitization a technique used in behavior therapy to treat phobias and other behavior problems involving anxiety; client is exposed to the threatening situation under relaxed conditions until the anxiety reaction is extinguished
subtype: #implosion_therapy__implosiontherapy__flooding a technique used in behavior therapy; client is flooded with experiences of a particular kind until becoming either averse to them or numbed to them
subtype: #reciprocal_inhibition__reciprocal-inhibition_therapy a method of behavior therapy based on the inhibition of one response by the occurrence of another response that is mutually incompatible with it; a relaxation response might be conditioned to a stimulus that previously evoked anxiety
subtype: #token_economy__tokeneconomy a form of behavior therapy that has been used in some mental institutions; patients are rewarded with tokens for appropriate behavior and the tokens may be cashed in for valued rewards
subtype: #client-centered_therapy a method of psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the client determines the focus and pace of each session
subtype: #crisis_intervention psychotherapy that focuses on acute critical situations (depressive episodes or attempted suicides or drug overdoses) with the aim of restoring the person to the level of functioning before the crisis
subtype: #group_therapy__grouptherapy psychotherapy in which a small group of individuals meet with a therapist; interactions among the members are considered to be therapeutic
subtype: #family_therapy any of several therapeutic approaches in which a family is treated as a whole
subtype: #hypnotherapy the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy
subtype: #play_therapy form of psychotherapy for children that uses play situations for diagnosis or treatment
subtype: #psychoanalysis__analysis__depth_psychology__depthpsychology a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; "his physician recommended psychoanalysis"
subtype: #hypnoanalysis__hypnoanalysi the use of hypnosis in conjunction with psychoanalysis
subtype: #self-analysis the application of psychotherapeutic principles to the analysis of your own personality
subtype: #radiotherapy__radiation_therapy__radiationtherapy__actinotherapy__irradiation the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to radiation from a radioactive substance
subtype: #phototherapy the use of strong light to treat acne or hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn
subtype: #radium_therapy__Curietherapy the use of radium in radiation therapy
subtype: #X-ray_therapy the therapeutic use of X rays
subtype: #shock_therapy__shocktherapy__shock_treatment__shocktreatment treatment of certain psychotic states by the administration of shocks that are followed by convulsions
subtype: #electroconvulsive_therapy__electroconvulsivetherapy__electroshock__electroshock_therapy__ECT the administration of a strong electric current that passes through the brain to induce convulsions and coma
subtype: #insulin_shock_treatment__insulinshocktreatment__insulin_shock__insulinshock__insulin_shock_therapy__insulinshocktherapy the administration of sufficient insulin to induce convulsions and coma
subtype: #metrazol_shock_treatment__metrazol_shock__metrazol_shock_therapy the administration of sufficient Metrazol to induce convulsions and coma
subtype: #speech_therapy any therapy intended to correct a disorder of speech
subtype: #thermotherapy the use of heat to treat a disease or disorder; heating pads or hot compresses or hot-water bottles are used to promote circulation in peripheral vascular disease or to relax tense muscles
subtype: #thrombolytic_therapy therapy consisting of the administration of a pharmacological agent to cause thrombolysis of an abnormal blood clot
subtype: #nursing_care__nursingcare care by a skilled nurse
subtype: #bandaging__dressing__binding the act of applying a bandage
subtype: #holistic_medicine medical care of the whole person considered as subject to personal and social as well as organic factors
subtype: #hospice a program of medical and emotional care for the terminally ill
subtype: #injection.medical_care__shot the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe; "the nurse gave him a flu shot"
subtype: #intradermal_injection__intradermalinjection an injection into the skin
subtype: #intramuscular_injection__intramuscularinjection an injection into a muscle
subtype: #intravenous_injection__intravenousinjection an injection into a vein
subtype: #fix.intravenous_injection (informal) an intravenous injection of a narcotic drug
subtype: #subcutaneous_injection an injection under the skin
subtype: #bloodletting formerly used as a treatment to reduce excess blood (one of the four humors of medieval medicine)
subtype: #venesection__phlebotomy surgical incision into a vein; used to treat hemochromatosis
subtype: #cupping a treatment in which evacuated cups are applied to the skin to draw blood through the surface
subtype: #defibrillation treatment by stopping fibrillation of heart muscles (usually by electric shock delivered by a defibrillator)
subtype: #detoxification treatment for poisoning by neutralizing the toxic properties (normally a function of the liver)
subtype: #disinfection treatment to destroy harmful microorganisms
subtype: #chlorination disinfection of water by the addition of small amounts of chlorine or a chlorine compound
subtype: #digitalization__digitalisation the administration of digitalis for the treatment of certain heart disorders
subtype: #anticoagulation the administration of an anticoagulant drug to retard coagulation of the blood
subtype: #allopathy the usual method of treating disease with remedies that produce effects differing from those produced by the disease itself
subtype: #homeopathy__homoeopathy a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated
subtype: #intensive_care__intensivecare close monitoring and constant medical care of patients with life-threatening conditions
subtype: #modality a method of therapy that involves physical treatment
subtype: #massage kneading and rubbing parts of the body to increase circulation and promote relaxation
subtype: #cardiac_massage__cardiacmassage__heart_massage__heartmassage an emergency procedure that employs rhythmic compression of the heart (either through the chest wall or (during surgery) directly to the heart) in an attempt to maintain circulation during cardiac arrest
subtype: #effleurage a rhythmic stroking; "effleurage of the abdomen is used in the Lamaze method of childbirth"
subtype: #petrissage massage of the skin which is gently lifted and squeezed
subtype: #Swedish_massage massage combined with a system of active and passive exercises for the muscles and joints
subtype: #tapotement massage in which the body is tapped rhythmically with the fingers or with short rapid movements of the sides of the hand; used to loosen mucus on the chest walls of patients with bronchitis
subtype: #diathermy a method of physical therapy that involves generating local heat in body tissues by high-frequency electromagnetic currents
subtype: #detoxification.treatment a treatment for addiction to drugs or alcohol intended to remove the physiological effects of the addictive substances
subtype: #chiropractic a method of treatment that manipulates body structures (especially the spine) to relieve low back pain or even headache or high blood pressure
subtype: #fomentation application of warm wet coverings to a part of the body to relieve pain and inflammation
subtype: #naturopathy a method of treating disease using food and exercise and heat to assist the natural healing process
subtype: #naprapathy a drugless method of treatment based on the belief that disease symptoms arise from problems with ligaments and connective tissues
subtype: #orthodontic_treatment__orthodontictreatment dental treatment that corrects irregularities of the teeth or of the relation of the teeth to surrounding anatomy; treatment is usually by braces or mechanical aids; "orthodontic treatment of facial abnormalities"
subtype: #orthoptics treatment of defects of binocular vision (such as strabismus and amblyopia) by nonsurgical measures (especially by exercises to strengthen the eye muscles)
subtype: #osteopathy therapy based on the assumption that restoring health is best accomplished by manipulating the skeleton and muscles
subtype: #osteoclasis__osteoclasi treatment of a skeletal deformity by intentionally fracturing a bone
subtype: #acupuncture__stylostixi (Chinese) treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin
subtype: #acupressure__G-Jo__shiatsu (Chinese and Japanese) treatment of symptoms by applying pressure with the fingers to specific pressure points on the body
subtype: #autogenic_therapy__autogenictherapy__autogenic_training__autogenictraining__autogenics training patients in self-induced relaxation
subtype: #hydropathy__hydrotherapy the internal and external use of water in the treatment of disease
subtype: #rest-cure rest as a medical treatment for stress or anxiety etc.
subtype: #incubation maintaining something at the most favorable temperature for its development
subtype: #livery the care (feeding and stabling) of horses for pay
subtype: #manicure professional care for the hands and fingernails
subtype: #pedicure professional care for the feet and toenails
subtype: #nourishment the act of nourishing; "her nourishment of the orphans saved many lives"
subtype: #nursing the work of caring for the sick or injured or infirm
subtype: #tender_loving_care__TLC considerate and solicitous care; "young children need lots of TLC"
subtype: #nurturance physical and emotional care and nourishment
subtype: #personal_care care for someone who is disabled or is otherwise unable to care for themselves; can including bathing and cooking and managing bodily functions
subtype: #skin_care care for the skin
subtype: #facial care for the face that usually involves cleansing and massage and the application of cosmetic creams
subtype: #faith_healing__faithhealing__faith_cure__faithcure care provided through prayer and faith in God
subtype: #laying_on_of_hands.faith_healing__layingonofhand the application of a faith healer's hands to the patient's body
subtype: #tree_surgery treatment of damaged or decaying trees
subtype: #duty work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons: "the duties of the job"
subtype: #chore__job__task a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee: "estimates of the city's loss on that job ranged as high as a million dollars"; "the job of repairing the engine took several hours"; "the endless task of classifying the samples"; "the farmer's morning chores"
subtype: #stint an individuals prescribed share of work: "her stint as a lifeguard exhausted her"
subtype: #disagreeable_task__disagreeable_chore a chore that causes discomfort
subtype: #scut_work__shitwork trivial unrewarding tedious dirty and disagreeable chores; "the hospital hired him to do scut work"
subtype: #function__office__part__role the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group: "the function of a teacher"; "the government must do its part"; "play its role"
subtype: #capacity.function a specified function; "he was employed in the capacity of director"; "he should be retained in his present capacity at a higher salary"
subtype: #hat an informal term for a person's role; "he took off his politician's hat and talked frankly"
subtype: #portfolio the role of the head of a government department; "he holds the portfolio for foreign affairs"
subtype: #stead__position__place__lieu the function or position properly or customarily occupied or served by another: "can you go in my stead?"; "took his place"; "in lieu of"
subtype: #behalf as the agent of or on someone's part; usually expressed as "on behalf of" rather than "in behalf of": "the guardian signed the contract on behalf of the minor child"; "this letter is written on behalf of my client"
subtype: #second_fiddle a secondary role or function; "he hated to play second fiddle to anyone"
subtype: #duty_assignment__assignment as duty that you are assigned to perform especially in the armed forces: "hazardous duty"
subtype: #guard_duty__guardduty__guard__sentry_duty__sentry_go the duty of serving as a sentry; "he was on guard that night"
subtype: #fatigue_duty__fatigueduty__fatigue labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on); "the soldiers were put on fatigue to teach them a lesson"; "they were assigned to kitchen fatigues"
subtype: #mission__charge__commission a task that has been assigned to a person or group; "a confidential mission to London"; "his charge was deliver a message"
subtype: #fool's_errand a fruitless mission
subtype: #mission_impossible__missionimpossible an extremely dangerous or difficult mission
subtype: #reassignment assignment to a different duty
subtype: #secondment the detachment of a person from their regular organization for temporary assignment elsewhere
subtype: #sea-duty__seaduty__service_abroad__serviceabroad__shipboard_duty__shipboardduty naval service aboard a ship at sea
subtype: #shore_duty__shoreduty naval service at land bases
subtype: #missionary_work__mission the organized work of a religious missionary
subtype: #spadework dull or routine preliminary work preparing for an undertaking
subtype: #timework work paid for at a rate per unit of time
subtype: #task__undertaking__labor any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; "he prepared for great undertakings"
subtype: #adventure__escapade__risky_venture__riskyventure__dangerous_undertaking__dangerousundertaking a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)
subtype: #assignment an undertaking that you have been assigned to do (as by an instructor)
subtype: #school_assignment a school task performed by a student to satisfy the teacher
subtype: #classroom_project__classroomproject__project a school task requiring considerable effort
subtype: #homework__prep__preparation preparatory school work done outside school (especially at home)
subtype: #lesson.school_assignment a task assigned for individual study; "he did the lesson for today"
subtype: #exercise.lesson__example a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding; "you must work the examples at the end of each chapter in the textbook"
subtype: #reading_assignment__readingassignment the reading of a passage assigned by the teacher
subtype: #recitation an instance of a student reciting a lesson that has been learned
subtype: #history_lesson__historylesson a less in the facts of history
subtype: #written_assignment__writtenassignment__writing_assignment__writingassignment an assignment to write something
subtype: #baby a project of personal concern to someone; "this project is his baby"
subtype: #breeze a task that is easy to do
subtype: #endeavor__enterprise__endeavour a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness); "he had doubts about the whole enterprise"
subtype: #fraudulent_scheme__racket__illegitimate_enterprise an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit
subtype: #forlorn_hope__forlornhope a hopeless or desperate enterprise
subtype: #business_activity__commercial_activity activity undertaken as part of a commercial enterprise
subtype: #operation.business_activity a business especially one run on a large scale: "a large-scale farming operation"; "a multinational operation"; they paid taxes on every stage of the operation"; "they had to consolidate their operations"
subtype: #business the volume of business activity: "business is good today"; "show me where the business was today"
subtype: #trade.business__patronage the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers: "even before noon there was a considerable patronage"
subtype: #custom habitual patronage
subtype: #land-office_business very large and profitable volume of commercial activity
subtype: #wash (informal) any enterprise in which losses and gains cancel out
subtype: #labor_of_love__labour_of_love productive work performed voluntarily without material reward or compensation
subtype: #endurance_contest__endurancecontest__marathon any long and arduous undertaking
subtype: #no-brainer (informal) anything that requires little thought
subtype: #tall_order__large_order__largeorder a formidable task or requirement; "finishing in time was a tall order but we did it"
subtype: #venture any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome
subtype: #joint_venture__jointventure a venture by a partnership or conglomerate designed to share risk or expertise: "a joint venture between the film companies to produce TV shows"
subtype: #experiment a venture at something new or different; "as an experiment he decided to grow a beard"
subtype: #campaign__cause__crusade__drive__movement__effort a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end; "he supported populist campaigns"; "they worked in the cause of world peace"; "the team was ready for a drive toward the pennant"; "the movement to end slavery"; "contributed to the war effort"
subtype: #advertising_campaign__advertisingcampaign__ad_campaign__ad_blitz an organized program of advertisements
subtype: #sales_campaign__salescampaign an advertising campaign intended to promote sales
subtype: #public-relations_campaign an advertising campaign intended to improve public relations
subtype: #anti-war_movement a campaign against entering or continuing a war
subtype: #consumerism a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers
subtype: #campaigning__candidacy__candidature__electioneering__political_campaign__politicalcampaign the campaign of a candidate to be elected
subtype: #hustings the activities involved in political campaigning (especially speech making)
subtype: #whispering_campaign the organized dissemination of derogatory rumors designed to discredit a candidate
subtype: #stumping campaigning for something by making political speeches (stump speeches)
subtype: #ecumenical_movement a movement among Protestant groups aimed at universal Christian unity
subtype: #fund-raising_campaign__fund-raising_drive__fund-raising_effort a campaign to raise money for some cause
subtype: #feminist_movement__feminism__women's_liberation_movement__women's_lib__women'slib the movement aimed at equal rights for women
subtype: #gay_liberation_movement__gay_lib__gaylib the movement aimed at liberating homosexuals from legal or social or economic oppression
subtype: #lost_cause a defeated cause or a cause for which defeat is inevitable
subtype: #reform.campaign a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices; "the reforms he proposed were too radical for the politicians"
subtype: #war a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious; "the war on poverty"; "the war against crime"
subtype: #youth_movement__youthmovement__youth_crusade__youthcrusade political or religious or social reform movement or agitation consisting chiefly of young people
subtype: #sallying_forth__sally a venture off the beaten path; "a sally into the wide world beyond his home"
subtype: #risk__peril__danger a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury; "he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime"; "there was a danger he would do the wrong thing"
subtype: #chance a risk involving danger; "you take a chance when you let her drive"
subtype: #gamble a risky act or venture
subtype: #long_shot a venture that involves great risk but promises great rewards
subtype: #raise increasing the size of a bet (as in poker); "I'll see your raise and double it"
subtype: #doubling.raise__double raising the stakes in a card game by a factor of 2; "I decided his double was a bluff"
subtype: #deeds__deed__works__work performance of moral or religious acts; "salvation by deeds" or "the reward for good works"
subtype: #service.activity (common law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
subtype: #socage land tenure by agricultural service or payment of rent; not burdened with military service
subtype: #military_service land tenure by service in the lord's army
subtype: #knight's_service land tenure by service to the lord as a knight
subtype: #line_of_work__occupation__business__job__line the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; "he's not in my line of business"
subtype: #sport the occupation of athletes who compete for pay
subtype: #professional_boxing boxing for money
subtype: #professional_wrestling wrestling for money
subtype: #professional_golf playing golf for money
subtype: #professional_football playing football for money
subtype: #professional_baseball playing baseball for money
subtype: #professional_basketball playing basketball for money
subtype: #professional_tennis playing tennis for money
subtype: #farming__land working the land as an occupation or way of life; "farming is a strenuous life"; "there's no work on the land any more"
subtype: #biz__game informal terms for your occupation; "he's in the plumbing game"; "she's in show biz"
subtype: #career__calling__vocation the particular occupation for which you are trained
subtype: #work_specialty__specialty__specialization__specialisation__speciality__specialism the special line of work you have adopted as your career; "his specialization is gastroenterology"
subtype: #lifework the principal work of your career
subtype: #walk_of_life__walk careers in general; "it happens in all walks of life"
subtype: #business_life__professional_life a career in industrial or commercial or professional activities
subtype: #employment__work the occupation for which you are paid; "he is looking for employment"; "a lot of people are out of work"
subtype: #coaching_job__coaching the job of a professional coach
subtype: #engagement__booking employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time; "the play had bookings throughout the summer"
subtype: #gig a booking for musicians; "they played a gig in New Jersey"
subtype: #seafaring__navigation__sailing the work of a sailor
subtype: #cabotage navigation in costal waters
subtype: #workload work that a person is expected to do in a specified time
subtype: #case_load the number of cases handled in a given period of time (as by a court or agency)
subtype: #piecework work paid for according to the quantity produced
subtype: #service.employment employment in or work for another; "he retired after 30 years of service"
subtype: #telecommuting__teleworking employment at home while communicating with the workplace by phone or fax or modem
subtype: #services performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others; "the mayor tried to maintain city services"; "the medical services are excellent"
subtype: #public_service employment within a government system (especially in civil service)
subtype: #minister.job (British) the job of a head of a government department
subtype: #cabinet_minister.job__cabinetminister (British) the job of a senior minister who is a member of the British cabinet
subtype: #appointment.line_of_work the job to which you are (or hope to be) appointed; "he applied for an appointment in the treasury"
subtype: #berth__position__post__office__spot__place__situation a job in an organization; "he occupied a post in the treasury"
subtype: #academicianship the position of member of an honorary academy
subtype: #accountantship the position of accountant
subtype: #admiralty the office of admiral
subtype: #ambassadorship the post of ambassador
subtype: #apostleship the position of apostle
subtype: #apprenticeship the position of apprentice
subtype: #attorneyship the position of attorney
subtype: #bailiffship the office of bailiff
subtype: #bishopry the office of bishop
subtype: #cadetship the position of cadet
subtype: #caliphate the office of a caliph
subtype: #captainship__captaincy the post of captain
subtype: #cardinalship the office of cardinal
subtype: #chairmanship the position of chairman
subtype: #chancellorship the office of chancellor
subtype: #chaplaincy__chaplainship the position of chaplain
subtype: #chieftaincy the position of chieftain
subtype: #clerkship the job of clerk
subtype: #commandership the position of commander
subtype: #comptrollership the position of comptroller
subtype: #consulship the post of consul
subtype: #controllership the position of controller
subtype: #councillorship__councilorship the position of council member
subtype: #counselorship__counsellorship the position of counselor
subtype: #curacy the position of a curate
subtype: #curatorship the position of curator
subtype: #custodianship the position of custodian
subtype: #deanship__deanery the position or office of a dean
subtype: #directorship the position of a director of a business concern
subtype: #discipleship the position of disciple
subtype: #editorship the position of editor
subtype: #eldership the office of elder
subtype: #emirate the office of an emir
subtype: #foremanship the position of foreman
subtype: #generalship the office of general
subtype: #governorship the office of governor
subtype: #headship the position of head
subtype: #headship.berth (British) the position of headmaster or headmistress
subtype: #headmastership the position of headmaster
subtype: #headmistressship the position of headmistress
subtype: #hot_seat__hotseat a difficult position where you are subjected to stress and criticism
subtype: #incumbency the office of an incumbent
subtype: #inspectorship the office of inspector
subtype: #instructorship the position of instructor
subtype: #internship the position of intern
subtype: #judgship__judgeship__judicature the position of judge
subtype: #lectureship the post of lecturer
subtype: #legateship__legation the post or office of legate
subtype: #legislatorship the office of legislator
subtype: #librarianship the position of librarian
subtype: #lieutenancy the position of a lieutenant
subtype: #magistracy the position of magistrate
subtype: #managership the position of manager
subtype: #marshalship the post of marshall
subtype: #mastership the position of master
subtype: #mayoralty the position of mayor
subtype: #messiahship the position of messiah
subtype: #moderatorship the position of moderator
subtype: #overlordship the position of overlord
subtype: #pastorship__pastorate the position of pastor
subtype: #praetorship the office of praetor
subtype: #precentorship the position of precentor
subtype: #preceptorship the position of preceptor
subtype: #prefecture the office of prefect
subtype: #prelacy__prelature the office or station of a prelate
subtype: #premiership the office of premier
subtype: #presidentship__presidency the office and function of president; "Andrew Jackson expanded the power of the presidency beyond what was customary before his time"
subtype: #President__President_of_the_United_States__Chief_Executive the office of the US head of state; "a President is elected every four years"
subtype: #primateship the office of primate
subtype: #principalship the post of principal
subtype: #priorship the office of prior
subtype: #proconsulship__proconsulate the position of proconsul
subtype: #proctorship the position of proctor
subtype: #professorship__chair the position of professor
subtype: #protectorship the position of protector
subtype: #receivership the office of a receiver
subtype: #regency the office of a regent
subtype: #rulership the position of ruler
subtype: #secretaryship the position of secretary
subtype: #Attorney_General_of_the_United_States__Attorney_General the position of the head of the Justice Department and the chief law enforcement officer of the United States; "the post of Attorney General was created in 1789"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Agriculture__Agriculture_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of Agriculture; "the post of Secretary of Agriculture was established in 1889"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Commerce__Commerce_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of Commerce; "the position of Commerce Secretary was created in 1913"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Defense__Defense_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of Defense; "the position of Defense Secretary was created in 1947"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Education__Education_Secretary the position of the head of the Education Department; "the post of Education Secretary was created in 1979"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Energy__Energy_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of Energy; "the post of Energy Secretary was created in 1977"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services the position of the head of the Department of Health and Human Services; "the post of Secretary of Health and Human Services was created by Congress in 1979"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development the position of the head of the Department of Housing and Urban Development; "the position of Secretary of Housing and Urban Development was created in 1966"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Labor__Labor_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of Labor; "the post of Labor Secretary was created in 1913"
subtype: #Secretary_of_State the position of the head of the State Department; "the position of Secretary of State was established in 1789"
subtype: #Secretary_of_the_Interior__Interior_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of the Interior; "the position of Interior Secretary was created in 1849"
subtype: #Secretary_of_the_Treasury__Treasury_Secretary the position of the head of the Treasury Department; "the position of Treasury Secretary was created in 1789"
subtype: #Secretary_of_Transportation__Transportation_Secretary the position of the head of the Department of Transportation; "the post of Transportation Secretary was created in 1966
subtype: #Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs the position of the head of the Department of Veterans Affairs; "the post of Secretary of Veterans Affairs was created in 1989"
subtype: #Secretary_of_War__War_Secretary head of a former executive department; combined with the Navy Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947
subtype: #Secretary_of_the_Navy__Navy_Secretary head of a former executive department; combined with the War Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947
subtype: #Secretary_of_Commerce_and_Labor head of a former executive department created in 1903 and divided into two departments in 1913
subtype: #Secretary_of_Health_Education_and_Welfare head of a former executive department created in 1953 and divided into two departments in 1979
subtype: #senatorship the office of senator
subtype: #sinecure an office that involves minimal duties
subtype: #solicitorship the position of solicitor
subtype: #speakership the position of speaker
subtype: #stewardship the position of steward
subtype: #studentship the position of student
subtype: #teachership the position of teacher
subtype: #thaneship the position of thane
subtype: #throne the position and power of one who occupies a throne
subtype: #treasurership the position of treasurer
subtype: #tribuneship the position of tribune
subtype: #viceroyship the position of viceroy
subtype: #viziership the position of vizier
subtype: #wardenship the position of warden
subtype: #wardership the position of warder
subtype: #treadmill.line_of_work__salt_mine a job involving drudgery and confinement
subtype: #trade.line_of_work__craft the skilled practice of a practical occupation; "he learned his trade as an apprentice"
subtype: #airplane_mechanics the craft of building and repairing airplanes
subtype: #auto_mechanics the craft of building and repairing automobiles
subtype: #basketry the craft of basket making
subtype: #bookbinding the craft of binding books
subtype: #carpentry__woodworking__woodwork the craft of a carpenter: making things out of wood
subtype: #cabinetry__cabinetwork the craft of making furniture (especially furniture of high quality)
subtype: #cabinetmaking__joinery the craft of a joiner
subtype: #drafting.trade__mechanical_drawing the craft of drawing blueprints
subtype: #dressmaking the craft of making dresses
subtype: #couture high fashion designing and dressmaking
subtype: #electrical_work the craft of an electrician
subtype: #interior_decoration__interior_design the trade of planning the layout and furnishings of an architectural interior
subtype: #lighting the craft of providing artificial light; "an interior decorator must understand lighting"
subtype: #masonry the craft of a mason
subtype: #bricklaying the craft of laying bricks
subtype: #house_painting__housepainting__painting the occupation of a house painter; "house painting was the only craft he knew"
subtype: #piloting__pilotage the occupation of a pilot
subtype: #plumbing__plumbery the occupation of a plumber (installing and repairing pipes and fixtures for water or gas or sewage in a building)
subtype: #pottery the craft of making earthenware
subtype: #pyrotechny__pyrotechnics the craft of making fireworks
subtype: #shoemaking__shoe_repairing__cobbling the shoemaker's trade
subtype: #roofing the craft of a roofer
subtype: #slating the act of laying slates for a roof
subtype: #sheet-metal_work__sheetmetalwork the craft of doing sheet metal work (as in ventilation systems)
subtype: #shingling the laying on of shingles; "shingling is a draft very different from carpentry"
subtype: #tailoring the occupation of a tailor
subtype: #tool-and-die_work the craft of making special tools and dies
subtype: #typography the craft of composing type and printing from it
subtype: #undertaking the trade of an funeral director
subtype: #upholstery the craft of upholstering
subtype: #winemaking the craft and science of making wine
subtype: #profession an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)
subtype: #learned_profession__learnedprofession one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles
subtype: #practice_of_law__law the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system; "he studied law at Yale"
subtype: #practice_of_medicine__medicine the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries; "he studied medicine at Harvard"
subtype: #preventive_medicine the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease; "the medical establishment doesn't profit from preventive medicine"
subtype: #alternative_medicine__alternativemedicine__complementarymedicine the practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve self-awareness
subtype: #theology the learned profession acquired by specialized courses in religion (usually taught at a college or seminary); "he studied theology at Oxford"
subtype: #literature.profession the profession or art of a writer; "her place in literature is secure"
subtype: #architecture the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect
subtype: #education the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
subtype: #pedagogy__teaching__instruction the profession of a teacher; "he prepared for teaching while still in college"; "pedagogy is recognized as an important profession"
subtype: #catechesis oral religious instruction (as before baptism or confirmation)
subtype: #catechetical_instruction teaching religious principles by questions and answers
subtype: #language_teaching teaching people to speak and understand a foreign language
subtype: #teaching_reading teaching beginners to read
subtype: #phonics__phonic teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values
subtype: #whole-word_method teaching reading by training beginners to associate printed words with spoken words
subtype: #schooling the act of teaching at school
subtype: #indoctrination teaching someone to accept doctrines uncritically
subtype: #brainwashing forcible indoctrination into a new set of attitudes and beliefs
subtype: #inculcation__ingraining__instilling teaching or impressing upon the mind by frequent instruction or repetition
subtype: #tutorship__tutelage__tuition teaching pupils individually (usually by a tutor hired privately)
subtype: #lesson a unit of instruction; "he took driving lessons"
subtype: #language_lesson a period of instruction learning a language
subtype: #French_lesson instruction in the French language
subtype: #German_lesson instruction in the German language
subtype: #Hebrew_lesson instruction in the Hebrew language
subtype: #dance_lesson__dancelesson a lesson in dancing
subtype: #music_lesson__musiclesson a lesson in performing music
subtype: #piano_lesson__pianolesson a lesson in playing the piano
subtype: #violin_lesson a less in playing the violin
subtype: #tennis_lesson a lesson in playing tennis
subtype: #golf_lesson a lesson in playing gold
subtype: #sleep-learning__sleeplearning__hypnopedia teaching during sleep (as by suing recordings to teach a foreign language to someone who is asleep)
subtype: #spoonfeeding teaching in an overly simplified way that discourages independent thought
subtype: #lecturing__lecture teaching by giving a discourse on some subject (typically to a class)
subtype: #talk a act of giving a talk to an audience; "I attended an interesting talk on local history"
subtype: #chalk_talk__chalktalk a talk that uses a blackboard and chalk
subtype: #journalism the profession of reporting or photographing or editing news stories for one of the media
subtype: #newspapering journalism practiced for the newspapers
subtype: #politics the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs
subtype: #technology__engineering the practical application of science to commerce or industry
subtype: #aeronautical_engineering the activity of designing and constructing aircraft
subtype: #automotive_technology__automotive_engineering the activity of designing and constructing automobiles
subtype: #chemical_engineering the activity of applying chemistry to the solution of practical problems
subtype: #communications_technology the activity of designing and constructing and maintaining communication systems
subtype: #digital_communications_technology the design and construction of communications technology that transmits information in digital form
subtype: #computer_technology the activity of designing and constructing and programming computers
subtype: #rail_technology__railroading the activity of designing and constructing and operating railroads
subtype: #magnetic_levitation high-speed rail technology; train is suspended on a magnetic cushion above a magnetized track and so travels free of friction
subtype: #metier__medium an occupation for which you are especially well suited; "in law he found his true metier"
subtype: #accountancy__accounting the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business
subtype: #cost_accounting keeping account of the costs of items in production
subtype: #costing (British) cost accounting
subtype: #bookkeeping__clerking the activity of recording business transactions
subtype: #single_entry__single-entry_bookkeeping a simple bookkeeping system; transactions are entered in only one account
subtype: #double_entry__double-entry_bookkeeping bookkeeper debits the transaction to one account and credits it to another
subtype: #inventory_accounting__inventoryaccounting accounting that controls and evaluates inventory
subtype: #inventory_control__inventorycontrol supervision of the supply and storage and accessibility of items in order to insure an adequate supply without excessive oversupply
subtype: #FIFO.inventory_accounting__fifo__first_in_first_out inventory accounting in which the oldest items (those first acquired) are assumed to be the first sold
subtype: #LIFO.inventory_accounting__lifo__last_in_first_out inventory accounting in which the most recently acquired items are assumed to be the first sold
subtype: #photography.line_of_work the occupation of taking and printing photographs or making movies
subtype: #catering providing food and services
subtype: #occupation any activity that occupies a person's attention; "he missed the bell in his occupation with the computer game"
subtype: #committal_to_writing__writing the activity of putting something in written form: "she did the thinking while he did the writing"
subtype: #cryptography__coding__secret_writing act of writing in code or cipher
subtype: #encoding__encryption the activity of converting from plain text into code
subtype: #compression encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required
subtype: #image_compression__imagecompression the compression of graphics for storage or transmission
subtype: #data_encryption (computer science) the encryption of data for security purposes
subtype: #recoding converting from one code to another
subtype: #decoding__decryption__decipherment the activity of making clear or converting from code into plain text; "a secret key or password is required for decryption"
subtype: #decompression restoring compressed information to its normal form for use or display
subtype: #handwriting the activity of writing by hand: "handwriting can be slow and painful for one with arthritis"
subtype: #stenography the act or art of writing in shorthand: "stenography is no longer a marketable skill"
subtype: #subscription.handwriting the act of signing your name; writing your signature (as on a document); "the deed was attested by the subscription of his signature"
subtype: #inscription the activity of inscribing (especially carving or engraving) letters or words
subtype: #superscription the activity of superscribing
subtype: #role normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting; "what is your role on the team?"
subtype: #gender_role the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness; "your gender role is the public expression of your gender identity"
subtype: #position.role (in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player; "what position does he play?"
subtype: #goalkeeper__goalie__goaltender__netkeeper the defensive position on an ice hockey or soccer or lacrosse team who stands in front of the goal and tries to prevent opposing players from scoring
subtype: #pitcher__mound the position on a baseball team of the player who throws the ball for a batter to try to hit; "he has played every position except pitcher"; "they have a southpaw on the mound"
subtype: #catcher.position__plate the position on a baseball team of the player who is stationed behind home plate and who catches the balls that the pitcher throws; "a catcher needs a lot of protective equipment"; "he plays behind the plate"
subtype: #first_base.position__firstbase__first the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed at first base
subtype: #second_base.position__secondbase__second the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near 2nd base
subtype: #shortstop.position__short the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed between 2nd and 3rd base
subtype: #third_base__thirdbase__third the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near 3rd base; "he is playing third"
subtype: #left_field the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the left third of the outfield (looking from home plate)
subtype: #center_field the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the central third of the outfield
subtype: #right_field__rightfield the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the right third of the outfield (looking from home plate)
subtype: #forward a position on a basketball team
subtype: #center.basketball_position a position on a basketball team of the player who participates in the center jump to start the game
subtype: #guard.position a position on a basketball team
subtype: #football_back_position__back the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage
subtype: #linebacker__line_backer the position of a defensive football player who plays close behind the line of scrimmage
subtype: #quarterback__signal_caller__field_general__fieldgeneral the position of the football player in the backfield who directs the offensive play of his team; "quarterback is the most important position on the team"
subtype: #fullback the position of a back on a football team
subtype: #halfback the position of a back on a football team
subtype: #tailback the position of the offensive back on a football team who lines up farthest from the line of scrimmage
subtype: #wingback the position of the offensive back who lines up behind or outside the end
subtype: #lineman the position of a player on a football team who is stationed on the line of scrimmage
subtype: #center.lineman the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play; "it is a center's responsibility to get the football to the quarterback"
subtype: #guard.lineman a position on the line of scrimmage; "guards must be good blockers"
subtype: #tackle a position on the line of scrimmage; "it takes a big man to play tackle"
subtype: #end.lineman a position on the line of scrimmage; "no one wanted to play end"
subtype: #mid-off__midoff the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the off side
subtype: #mid-on__midon the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the on side
subtype: #center.hockey_position the position on a hockey team of the player who participates in the face off at the beginning of the game
subtype: #cleanup_position__cleanupposition__cleanup__cleanup_spot__cleanupspot (baseball) the fourth position in the batting order (usually filled by the best batter on the team)
subtype: #actus_reus__wrongdoing__misconduct activity that transgresses moral or civil law; "he denied any wrongdoing"
subtype: #violation__trespass__encroachment__intrusion entry to another's property without right or permission
subtype: #inroad an encroachment or intrusion; "they made inroads in the US market"
subtype: #tort__civil_wrong__civilwrong any wrongdoing for which and action for damages may be brought
subtype: #alienation_of_affection a tort based on willful and malicious interference with the marriage relation by a third party without justification or excuse
subtype: #invasion_of_privacy the wrongful intrusion by individuals or the government into private affairs with which the public has no concern
subtype: #trespass a wrongful interference with the possession of property (personal property as well as realty), or the action instituted to recover damages
subtype: #continuing_trespass trespass that is not transient or intermittent but continues as long as the offending object remains; "dumping his garbage on my land was a case of continuing trespass"
subtype: #trespass_de_bonis_asportatis an action brought to recover damages from a person who has taken goods or property from its rightful owner
subtype: #trespass_on_the_case an action brought to recover damages from a person whose actions have resulted indirectly in injury or loss; "a person struck by a log as it was thrown onto a road could maintain trespass against the thrower but one who was hurt by stumbling over it could maintain and action on the case"
subtype: #trespass_quare_clausum_fregit the defendant unlawfully enters the land of the plaintiff
subtype: #trespass_viet_armis trespass with force and arms resulting in injury to another's person or property
subtype: #malversation misconduct in public office
subtype: #misbehavior__misbehaviour__misdeed improper or wicked or immoral behavior
subtype: #juvenile_delinquency__delinquency an antisocial misdeed in violation of the law by a minor
subtype: #mischief-making__mischief__mischievousness__deviltry__devilry__rascality__roguery__roguishnes reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others
subtype: #hell__blaze noisy and unrestrained mischief; "raising blazes"
subtype: #vandalism__hooliganism__malicious_mischief__maliciousmischief willful wanton and malicious destruction of the property of others
subtype: #ruffianism violent lawless behavior
subtype: #indecorum__familiarity__impropriety__liberty an act of undue intimacy
subtype: #abnormality__irregularity behavior that breaches the rule or etiquette or custom or morality
subtype: #deviance__deviation deviate behavior
subtype: #impropriety__indecency an indecent or improper act
subtype: #obscenity an obscene act
subtype: #peccadillo__indiscretion a petty misdeed
subtype: #infantilism infantile behavior in mature persons
subtype: #misfeasance doing a proper act in a wrongful or injurious manner
subtype: #malfeasance__malpractice a wrongful act that the actor had no right to do; improper professional conduct; "he charged them with electoral malpractices"
subtype: #malpractice professional wrongdoing that results in injury or damage; "the widow sued his surgeon for malpractice"
subtype: #perversion the action of perverting something (turning it to a wrong use); "it was a perversion of justice"
subtype: #legal_injury__legalinjury__wrong__damage a legal injury is any damage resulting from a violation of a legal right
subtype: #injury an act that injures someone
subtype: #disservice__ill_service__illservice__ill_turn__illturn an act intended to help that turns out badly; "he did them a disservice"
subtype: #spoiling__spoil__spoilage the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it; "her spoiling my dress was deliberate"
subtype: #injustice__unfairness__iniquity an unjust act
subtype: #infliction an act causing pain or damage
subtype: #transgression__evildoing the act of transgressing; evil behavior; going beyond allowable limits
subtype: #evil.transgression__immorality__wickedness__iniquity morally objectionable behavior
subtype: #deviltry__devilry wicked and cruel behavior
subtype: #foul_play unfair or treacherous behavior (especially involving violence)
subtype: #irreverence.evil__violation a disrespectful act
subtype: #profanation__desecration__blasphemy__sacrilege blasphemous behavior
subtype: #villainy a treacherous or vicious act
subtype: #turpitude__depravity a corrupt or depraved or degenerate act or practice: "the various turpitudes of modern society"
subtype: #vice a specific form of evildoing; "vice offends the moral standards of the community"
subtype: #gambling__gaming__play the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize); "his gambling cost him a fortune"; "there was heavy play at the blackjack table"
subtype: #intemperateness__intemperatenes__self-indulgence immoderate indulgence of bodily appetites
subtype: #profligacy__dissipation__dissolution__licentiousness dissolute indulgence in sensual pleasure
subtype: #jag a bout of drinking or drug taking
subtype: #intemperance.vice__intemperateness__intemperatenes consumption of alcoholic drinks
subtype: #drinking__drink__boozing__drunkenness__drunkennes the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess; "drink was his downfall"
subtype: #drinking_bout a long period of drinking
subtype: #sinning__sin an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of God's will
subtype: #fall a lapse into sin; a loss of innocence or of chastity; "a fall from virtue"
subtype: #actual_sin a sin committed of your own free will (as contrasted with original sin)
subtype: #original_sin a sin inherited by all descendants of Adam; "Adam and Even committed the original sin when they ate the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden"
subtype: #mortal_sin__deadly_sin an unpardonable sin entailing a total loss of grace; theologians list 7 mortal sins
subtype: #superbia__pride unreasonable and inordinate self-esteem (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #invidia__envy spite and resentment at seeing the success of another (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #avarice__greed__covetousness__rapacity__avaritia reprehensible acquisitiveness; insatiable desire for wealth (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #laziness__sloth__acedia apathy and inactivity in the practice of virtue (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #anger__wrath__ire belligerence aroused by a real or supposed wrong (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #overeating__gluttony__gula eating to excess (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #lust__luxuria self-indulgent sexual desire (personified as one of the deadly sins)
subtype: #venial_sin a pardonable sin regarded as entailing only a partial loss of grace
subtype: #terrorization__terrorisation an act of terrorism
subtype: #law-breaking__lawbreaking__crime an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act; "a long record of crimes"
subtype: #capital_offense__capitaloffense a crime so serious that capital punishment is considered appropriate
subtype: #felony a serious crime
subtype: #capture.felony__seizure the act of taking of a person by force
subtype: #abduction.capture the criminal act of capturing and carrying away by force a family member; if a man's wife is abducted it is a crime against the family relationship and against the wife
subtype: #kidnapping__snatch (law) the unlawful act of capturing and carrying away a person against their will and holding them in false imprisonment
subtype: #racketeering engaging in a racket
subtype: #bribery__graft the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage
subtype: #commercial_bribery bribery of a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into a transaction
subtype: #larceny__thievery__thieving__stealing the act of taking something from someone unlawfully; "the thieving is awful at Kennedy International"
subtype: #breach_of_trust_with_fraudulent_intent larceny after trust rather than after unlawful taking
subtype: #embezzlement__peculation__defalcation__misapplication__misappropriation the fraudulent appropriation of funds or property entrusted to your care but actually owned by someone else
subtype: #raid an attempt by speculators to defraud investors
subtype: #plunderage a act of plundering (especially the embezzlement of goods on shipboard)
subtype: #pilferage the act of stealing small amounts or small articles
subtype: #shoplifting__shrinkage the act of stealing goods that are on display in a store; "shrinkage is the retail trade's euphemism for shoplifting"
subtype: #robbery larceny by threat of violence
subtype: #armed_robbery__armedrobbery__heist__stickup robbery at gunpoint
subtype: #caper.robbery__job a crime (especially a robbery); "the gang pulled off a bank job in St. Louis"
subtype: #dacoity__dakoity (in India and Burma) robbery by a gang of armed dacoits
subtype: #heist__ripoff (slang) the act of stealing
subtype: #highjacking__hijacking robbery of a traveller or vehicle by force
subtype: #piracy__buccaneering robbery on the high seas; taking a ship away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it
subtype: #rolling the act of robbing a helpless person; "he was charged with rolling drunks in the park"
subtype: #grand_larceny__grandlarceny larceny of property having a value greater than some amount (the amount varies by locale)
subtype: #petit_larceny__petitlarceny__petty_larceny__pettylarceny larceny of property having a value less than some amount (the amount varies by locale)
subtype: #skimming.larceny failure to declare income in order to avoid paying taxes on it
subtype: #rustling the stealing of cattle
subtype: #extortion the felonious act of extorting money (as by threats of violence)
subtype: #blackmail extortion of money by threats to divulge discrediting information
subtype: #protection.extortion__tribute payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence; "every store in the neighborhood had to pay him protection"
subtype: #shakedown (slang) extortion of money (as by blackmail)
subtype: #burglary entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property
subtype: #housebreaking__break-in__breakin__breaking_and_entering trespassing for an unlawful purpose; illegal entrance into premises with criminal intent
subtype: #forgery criminal falsification by making or altering an instrument with intent to defraud
subtype: #fraud intentional deception resulting in injury to another person
subtype: #mail_fraud use of the mails to defraud someone
subtype: #election_fraud misrepresentation or alteration of the true results of an election
subtype: #constructive_fraud__legal_fraud__legalfraud comprises all acts or omissions or concealments involving breach of equitable or legal duty or trust or confidence
subtype: #fraud_in_law fraud that is presumed from the circumstances although the one who commits it need not have had any evil intent
subtype: #extrinsic_fraud__extrinsicfraud__collateral_fraud fraud that prevents a party from knowing their rights or from having a fair opportunity of presenting them at trial
subtype: #fraud_in_fact__positive_fraud actual deceit; concealing something or making a false representation with an evil intent to cause injury to another
subtype: #fraud_in_the_factum fraud that arises from a disparity between the instrument intended to be executed and the instrument actually executed; e.g., leading someone to sign the wrong contract
subtype: #fraud_in_the_inducement fraud which intentionally causes a person to execute and instrument or make an agreement or render a judgment; e.g., misleading someone about the true facts
subtype: #intrinsic_fraud__intrinsicfraud fraud (as by use of forged documents or false claims or perjury) that misleads a court or jury and induces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraud
subtype: #swindle__cheat the act of swindling by some fraudulent scheme: "that book is a fraud"
subtype: #scam__cozenage a fraudulent business scheme
subtype: #bunco_game__buncogame__bunco__bunko__bunko_game__bunkogame__confidence_trick__confidence_game__con_game__congame__gyp__hustle__sting__flimflam a swindle in which you cheat at gambling or persuade a person to buy worthless property
subtype: #holdout the act of hiding playing cards in a gambling game so they are available for personal use later
subtype: #swiz British
subtype: #shell_game__shellgame__thimblerig a swindling sleight-of-hand game; victim guesses which of three things a pellet is under
subtype: #hijack__highjack seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination
subtype: #mayhem the willful and unlawful crippling or mutilation of another person
subtype: #misdemeanor__misdemeanour__infraction__offence__offense__violation__infringement a crime less serious than a felony
subtype: #disorderly_conduct__disorderly_behavior__disturbance_of_the_peace__breach_of_the_peace any act of molesting or interrupting or hindering or disquieting or agitating or arousing from a state of repose or otherwise depriving inhabitants of the peace and quiet to which they are entitled
subtype: #false_pretense__falsepretense__false_pretence__falsepretence (law) an offense involving intent to defraud and false representation and obtaining property as a result of that misrepresentation
subtype: #indecent_exposure__public_nudity vulgar and offensive nakedness in a public place
subtype: #perjury__bearing_false_witness__bearingfalsewitnes__lyingunderoath criminal offense of making false statements under oath
subtype: #sedition an illegal action inciting resistance to lawful authority and tending to cause the disruption or overthrow of the government
subtype: #perpetration__commission__committal the act of committing a crime
subtype: #rape__violation__assault__ravishment__sexual_assault the crime of forcing a woman to submit to sexual intercourse against her will
subtype: #date_rape rape in which the rapist is known to the victim (as when they are on a date together)
subtype: #statutory_rape__statutoryrape__carnal_abuse sexual intercourse with a girl who has not reached the age of consent (even if both parties participate willingly)
subtype: #attempt__attack the act of attacking; "attacks on women increased last year"; "they made an attempt on his life"
subtype: #assault.attempt a threatened or attempted physical attack by someone who appears to be able to cause bodily harm if not stopped
subtype: #aggravated_assault a reckless attack with intent to injure seriously (as with a deadly weapon)
subtype: #battery an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact
subtype: #resisting_arrest__resistingarrest physical efforts to oppose a lawful arrest; the resistance is classified as assault and battery upon the person of the police officer attempting to make the arrest
subtype: #mugging assault with intent to rob
subtype: #statutory_offense__statutoryoffense__statutory_offence__statutoryoffence__regulatory_offense__regulatory_offence crimes created by statutes and not by common law
subtype: #bigamy the offense of having two or more wives or husbands living at the same time
subtype: #thuggery violent or brutal acts as of thugs
subtype: #high_treason__treason__lese_majesty a crime that undermines the offender's government
subtype: #vice_crime a vice that is illegal
subtype: #unlicensed_gambling unlicensed gambling is illegal in most jurisdictions
subtype: #prostitution__harlotry__whoredom offering sexual intercourse for pay
subtype: #victimless_crime an act that is legally a crime but that seem to have no victims; "he considers prostitution to be a victimless crime"
subtype: #war_crime__warcrime a crime committed in wartime; violation of rules of war
subtype: #crime an evil act not necessarily punishable by law; "crimes of the heart"
subtype: #inside_job some transgression committed with the assistance of someone trusted by the victim; "the police decided that the crime was an inside job"
subtype: #knavery__dishonesty lack of honesty; acts of lying or cheating or stealing
subtype: #treachery__betrayal__treason__perfidy an act of deliberate betrayal
subtype: #double_cross__double-crossing an act of betrayal; "he gave us the old double cross"; "I could no longer tolerate his impudent double-crossing"
subtype: #sellout an act of betrayal
subtype: #charlatanism__quackery the dishonesty of a charlatan
subtype: #trick an attempt to get you to do something foolish or imprudent; "that offer was a dirty trick"
subtype: #falsification__misrepresentation__falsehood a willful act of falsifying
subtype: #frame-up__frameup__setup an act that incriminates someone on a false charge
subtype: #overrefinement__distortion__straining__torture the act of distorting something so it seems to mean something it was not intended to mean
subtype: #tergiversation__equivocation falsification by means of vague or ambiguous language
subtype: #lying__prevarication__fabrication the deliberate act of deviating from the truth
subtype: #fibbing__paltering a trivial act of lying or being deliberately unclear
subtype: #deception__deceit__dissembling__dissimulation the act of deceiving
subtype: #fakery the act of faking (or the product of faking)
subtype: #indirection.deception deceitful action that is not straightforward; "he could see through the indirections of diplomats"
subtype: #chicanery__trickery__guile__wile__shenanigan the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them)
subtype: #fraudulence__fraud__dupery__hoax__humbug__put-on__puton something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage
subtype: #goldbrick anything that is supposed to be valuable but turns out to be worthless
subtype: #jugglery.chicanery artful trickery designed to achieve an end; "the senator's tax program was mere jugglery"
subtype: #double-dealing__duplicity acting in bad faith; deception by pretending to entertain one set of intentions while acting under the influence of another
subtype: #cheat__cheating a deception for profit to yourself
subtype: #gerrymander an act of gerrymandering (dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage)
subtype: #head_game__delusion__illusion the act of deluding; deception by creating illusory ideas
subtype: #pretending__pretense__pretence__simulation__feigning the act of giving a false appearance; "his conformity was only pretending"
subtype: #appearance.pretending__show pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression; "they try to keep up appearances"; "that ceremony is just for show"
subtype: #make-believe the enactment of a pretense
subtype: #affectation__mannerism__pose a deliberate pretense or exaggerated display
subtype: #attitude a theatrical pose created for effect; "the actor struck just the right attitude"
subtype: #masquerade making a false outward show; "a beggar's masquerade of wealth"
subtype: #imposture__impersonation pretending to be another person
subtype: #obscurantism a deliberate act intended to make something obscure
subtype: #four_flush__bluff the act of bluffing in poker; deception by a false show of confidence in the strength of your cards
subtype: #forgery criminal falsification by making or altering an instrument with intent to defraud
subtype: #infringement__violation an act that disregards an agreement or a right; "he claimed a violation of his rights under the Fifth Amendment"
subtype: #copyright_infringement__copyrightinfringement__infringement_of_copyright a violation of the rights secured by a copyright
subtype: #plagiarization__plagiarism__plagiarisation__piracy the act of plagiarizing; taking someone's words or ideas as if they were your own
subtype: #foul (sports) an act that violates of the rules of the sport
subtype: #foul_ball (in baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it does not stay between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field
subtype: #personal_foul (sports) a foul that involves unnecessarily rough contact (as in basketball or football)
subtype: #patent_infringement violation of the rights secured by a patent
subtype: #waste__wastefulness__dissipation useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly: "if the effort brings no compensating gain it is a waste"; "mindless dissipation of natural resources"
subtype: #waste_of_effort__waste_of_energy a useless effort
subtype: #waste_of_material a useless consumption of material
subtype: #waste_of_money money spent for inadequate return; "the senator said that the project was a waste of money"
subtype: #waste_of_time the devotion of time to a useless activity; "the waste of time could prove fatal"
subtype: #lavishness__extravagance__prodigality__high_life excessive spending
subtype: #squandering spending resources lavishly and wastefully; "more wasteful than the squandering of time"
subtype: #squandermania prodigious squandering (usually by a government)
subtype: #effort__attempt__endeavor__endeavour__try earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something: "made an effort to cover all the reading material"; "wished him luck in his endeavor"; "she gave it a good try"
subtype: #batting (in baseball) the batter's attempt to get on base
subtype: #best the supreme effort one can make: "they did their best"
subtype: #worst the weakest effort or poorest achievement one is capable of: "it was the worst he had ever done on a test"
subtype: #bid__play an attempt to get something; "they made a futile play for power"; "he made a bid to gain attention"
subtype: #braving__confronting__coping_with__grappling__tackling taking the bull by the horns
subtype: #face.braving__facing the act of confronting bravely; "he hated facing the facts"; "he excelled in the face of danger"
subtype: #go__crack__fling__pass__whirl__offer a usually brief attempt; "he took a crack at it"; "I gave it a whirl"
subtype: #essay a tentative attempt
subtype: #foray an initial attempt (especially outside your usual areas of competence); "scientists' forays into politics"
subtype: #contribution.effort__part__share any one of a number of individual efforts in a common endeavor: "I am proud of my contribution to the team's success"; "they all did their share of the work"
subtype: #end.contribution the part you are expected to play; "he held up his end"
subtype: #mug's_game__mug'sgame a futile or unprofitable endeavor
subtype: #power_play__powerplay__squeeze_play__squeezeplay__squeeze an aggressive attempt to compel acquiescence by the concentration or manipulation of power
subtype: #research_effort an attempt to solve some problem through research
subtype: #seeking an attempt to acquire or gain something
subtype: #shot.effort an informal word for any attempt or effort; "he gave it his best shot"
subtype: #shot an attempt to score in a game
subtype: #basketball_shot throwing the basketball toward the hoop; "his shot hit the rim and bounced out"
subtype: #bank_shot a basketball shot that bounces off of the backboard
subtype: #dunk_shot__dunk__stuff_shot__stuffshot a basketball shot in which the basketball is propelled downward into the basket
subtype: #slam-dunk a forceful dunk
subtype: #finger-roll a basketball shot that rolls off the tips of the fingers into the basket
subtype: #foul_shot__free_throw__penalty_free_throw__charity_toss__charity_throw__charitythrow__charity_shot__charityshot an unhindered basketball shot from the foul line; given to penalize the other team for committing a foul
subtype: #one-and-one__oneandone a foul shot that must be made in order to earn the right to a second foul shot
subtype: #hook_shot__hook a basketball shot made over the head with the hand that is farther from the basket
subtype: #jump_shot__jumper a player releases the basketball at the high point of a jump
subtype: #lay-up__layup__layup a basketball shot made with one hand from a position under or beside the basket (and usually banked off the backboard)
subtype: #pivot_shot__pivotshot a one-handed basketball shot made while whirling on the pivot foot
subtype: #set_shot__setshot a two-handed basketball shot from a stationary position
subtype: #scoop_shot__scoopshot a basketball shot made with an underhand scooping motion
subtype: #tip_in__tipin a basketball shot made by tapping the rebounding ball back into the basket
subtype: #slapshot a fast shot made with a short powerful swing of the hockey stick
subtype: #headshot.shot an attempt to put the soccer ball into the net by using the head
subtype: #striving__nisus__nisu__pains__pain__strain an effortful attempt to attain a goal
subtype: #struggle.effort__battle an energetic attempt to achieve something; "getting through the crowd was a real struggle"; "he fought a battle for recognition"
subtype: #duel any struggle between two skillful opponents (individuals or groups)
subtype: #scramble__scuffle an unceremonious and disorganized struggle
subtype: #joust__tilt a combat between two mounted knights tilting against each other with blunted lances
subtype: #takeover_attempt an attempt to take control of a corporation
subtype: #bear_hug a takeover bid so attractive that the directors of the target company must approve it or risk shareholder protest
subtype: #proxy_fight a measure used by an acquirer to gain control of a takeover target; acquirer tries to persuade other shareholders that the management of the target should be replaced
subtype: #test__trial__run the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial"
subtype: #audition__tryout a test of the suitability of a performer
subtype: #screen_test a filmed audition of an actor or actress
subtype: #try-on__tryon__fitting__trying_on trying on clothes to see whether they fit
subtype: #pilot_project__pilotproject__pilot_program__pilotprogram activity planned as a test or trial; "they funded a pilot project in six states"
subtype: #test.effort__trial the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill"
subtype: #control the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the mob by the police was admirable"
subtype: #repression the act of repressing; control by holding down; "his goal was the repression of insolence"
subtype: #crowd_control__crowdcontrol activity of controlling a crowd
subtype: #damage_control an effort to minimize or curtail damage or loss
subtype: #flight_control control from ground stations of airplanes in flight by means of messages transmitted to the pilot electronically
subtype: #flood_control__floodcontrol (engineering) act or technique of trying to control rivers with dams etc to minimize occurrence of floods
subtype: #imperialism any instance of aggressive extension of authority
subtype: #regulating__regulation the act of regulating; "fiscal regulations are in the hands of politicians"
subtype: #autoregulation (physiology) maintaining a generally constant physiological state in a cell or organism
subtype: #devaluation.regulating an official lowering of a nation's currency; a decrease in the value of a country's currency relative to that of foreign countries
subtype: #gun_control__guncontrol efforts to regulate or control sales of guns
subtype: #indexation a system of economic regulation: wages and interest are tied to the cost-of-living index in order to reduce the effects of inflation
subtype: #coordination the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation
subtype: #synchronization__synchronisation__synchronizing coordinating by causing to indicate the same time; "the synchronization of their watches was an important preliminary"
subtype: #proration the proportional limitation of production or distribution of something (e.g. crude oil or natural gas) to some fractional part of the total capacity of each producer
subtype: #limitation__restriction an act of limiting or restricting (as by regulation)
subtype: #load-shedding cutting off the electric current on certain lines when the demand becomes greater than the supply
subtype: #arms_control a limitation on the size and armament of the armed forces of a country
subtype: #freeze fixing (of prices or wages etc) at a particular level: "a freeze on hiring"
subtype: #hiring_freeze freeze on hiring
subtype: #price_freeze__pricefreeze freeze of prices at a given level
subtype: #wage_freeze freeze of wages at a given level
subtype: #clampdown sudden restriction on an activity
subtype: #quality_control__qualitycontrol maintenance of standards of quality of manufactured goods
subtype: #possessing_act__possession__ownership the act of possessing; "they took possession of the ball"
subtype: #holding__retention__keeping the act of keeping in your possession
subtype: #withholding.holding the act of holding back or keeping within your possession or control; "I resented his withholding permission"; "there were allegations of the withholding of evidence"
subtype: #storage the act of storing something
subtype: #filing preservation and methodical arrangement as of documents and papers etc: "I having some filing to do"
subtype: #riot_control_operations__riot_control the measures taken to control a riot
subtype: #taking_hold__grasping__seizing__prehension the act of gripping something firmly with the hands
subtype: #clutches__clasp__clench__clutch__grasp__grip__hold the act of grasping; "he released his clasp on my arm"; "he has a strong grip for an old man"; "she kept a firm hold on the railing"
subtype: #embracing__embrace the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)
subtype: #cuddle__nestle__snuggle a close and affectionate (and often prolonged) embrace
subtype: #hug__clinch a tight embrace
subtype: #wrestling_hold__wrestlinghold a hold used in the sport of wrestling
subtype: #bear_hug.wrestling_hold__bearhug a wrestling hold with arms locked tightly around the opponent
subtype: #full_nelson a wrestling hold in which the holder puts both arms under the opponent's arms and exerts pressure on the back of the neck (illegal in amateur wrestling)
subtype: #half_nelson a wrestling hold in which the holder puts an arm under the opponent's arm and exerts press on the back of the neck
subtype: #Japanese_stranglehold a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arms are crossed in front of his own neck to exert pressure on his windpipe
subtype: #lock any wrestling hold in which some part of the opponent's body is twisted or pressured
subtype: #hammerlock a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arm is twisted up behind his back
subtype: #headlock a wrestling hold in which the opponent's head is locked between the crook of your elbow and the side of your body
subtype: #scissors_hold__scissors__scissor_grip__scissorgrip__scissors_grip a wrestling hold in which you wrap your legs around the opponents body or head and put your feet together and squeeze
subtype: #stranglehold a wrestling hold in which the arms are pressed against the opponent's windpipe
subtype: #toehold a wrestling hold in which the toe is held and the leg is twisted against the joints
subtype: #steering__steerage the act of steering a ship
subtype: #steering.control__guidance__direction the act of setting and holding a course; "a new council was installed under the direction of the king"
subtype: #driving the act of controlling and steering the movement of a vehicle or animal
subtype: #motoring the act of driving an automobile
subtype: #aim the action of directing something at an object; "he took aim and fired"
subtype: #pilotage__navigation__piloting the guidance of ships or airplanes from place to place
subtype: #instrument_flying navigation of an airplane solely by instruments
subtype: #celestial_navigation__celestialnavigation__astronavigation navigating according to the positions of the stars
subtype: #dead_reckoning navigation without the aid of celestial observations
subtype: #celestial_guidance__celestialguidance a method of controlling the flight of a missile or spacecraft by reference to the positions of celestial bodies
subtype: #inertial_guidance__inertial_navigation a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to inertial forces
subtype: #command_guidance__commandguidance a method of controlling the flight of a missile by commands originating from the ground or from another missile
subtype: #terrestrial_guidance__terrestrialguidance a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to the strength and direction of the earth's gravitational field
subtype: #self-control__self-denial__self-discipline the act of denying yourself; controlling your impulses
subtype: #abstinence act or practice of refraining from indulging an appetite
subtype: #sexual_abstention__chastity__celibacy abstaining from sexual relations
subtype: #sobriety.abstinence__temperance abstaining from excess
subtype: #teetotaling__teetotalism abstaining from alcohol
subtype: #fast__fasting abstaining from food
subtype: #hunger_strike a fast by a prisoner as a means of protest
subtype: #dieting__diet the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods)
subtype: #inhibition__suppression (psychology) the conscious exclusion of unacceptable thoughts or desires
subtype: #traffic_control__trafficcontrol control of the flow of traffic in a building or a city
subtype: #point_duty__pointduty (British) the control of traffic by a policeman stationed at an intersection
subtype: #price-fixing__pricefixing control (by agreement among producers or by government) of the price of a commodity in interstate commerce
subtype: #restraint the act controlling by restraining someone or something; "the unlawful restraint of trade"
subtype: #collar a figurative restraint; "a collar on program trading in the stock market"
subtype: #damper a depressing restraint; "rain put a damper on our picnic plans"
subtype: #curb__bridle__check the act of restraining power or action or limiting excess; "his common sense is a bridle to his quick temper"
subtype: #immobilization__immobilisation__immobilizing the act of limiting movement or making incapable of movement: "the immobilizing of the injured knee was necessary"; "the storm caused complete immobilization of the rescue team"
subtype: #confinement the act of restraining of a person's liberty by confining them
subtype: #imprisonment.confinement__internment the act of confining someone in a prison (or as if in a prison)
subtype: #false_imprisonment__falseimprisonment (law) confinement without legal authority
subtype: #custody holding by the police; "the suspect is in custody"
subtype: #house_arrest__housearrest confinement to your own home
subtype: #committal__commitment__consignment the official act of consigning a person to confinement (as in a prison or mental hospital)
subtype: #containment.restraint the act of containing; "the army was charged with the containment of the rebel forces"
subtype: #suppression__curtailment the act of suppressing
subtype: #crackdown severely repressive actions
subtype: #restraint_of_trade any act that tends to prevent free competition in business
subtype: #restriction the act of restricting by restraint
subtype: #classification restriction imposed by the government on documents or weapons that are available only to certain authorized people
subtype: #stipulation__specification a restriction that is insisted upon as a condition for an agreement
subtype: #circumscription the act of circumscribing
subtype: #constraint the act of constraining
subtype: #swaddling_clothes__swaddlingclothe restrictions placed on the immature
subtype: #protection the activity of protecting someone or something; "the witnesses demanded police protection"
subtype: #shielding the act of shielding from harm
subtype: #saving__preservation the activity of protecting something from loss or danger
subtype: #fixation__fixing (histology) the preservation and hardening of a tissue sample to retain as nearly as possible the same relations they had in the living body
subtype: #conservation the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources
subtype: #conservancy the official conservation of trees and soil and rivers etc.
subtype: #soil_conservation protection of soil against erosion or deterioration
subtype: #oil_conservation__oilconservation the conservation of petroleum resources
subtype: #water_conservation__waterconservation the conservation of water resources
subtype: #self-preservation preservation of yourself from harm; a natural or instinctive tendency
subtype: #reservation the act of keeping back or setting aside for some future occasion
subtype: #embalmment preservation (of a dead body) by treating with balsams and drugs and other chemicals
subtype: #mummification embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy
subtype: #momism__overprotection__overshielding excessive protection
subtype: #defense protection from harm; "sanitation is the best defense against disease"
subtype: #inoculating the act of protecting against disease by introducing a vaccine into the body to induce immunity; "doctors examined the recruits but nurses did the innoculating"
subtype: #patrol the activity of going around or through an area at regular intervals for security purposes
subtype: #self-defense__self-defence__self-protection the act of defending yourself
subtype: #martial_art__martialart any of several Oriental arts of weaponless self-defense; usually practiced as a sport; "he had a black belt in the martial arts"
subtype: #aikido a Japanese martial art employing principles similar to judo
subtype: #judo a sport adapted from jujitsu (using principles of not resisting) and similar to wrestling; developed in Japan
subtype: #jujitsu__jiujitsu a method of self-defense without weapons that was developed in China and Japan; holds and blows are supplemented by clever use of the attacker's own weight and strength
subtype: #karate a traditional Japanese system of unarmed combat; sharp blows and kicks are given to pressure-sensitive points on the body of the opponent
subtype: #Kung_Fu a Chinese martial art; combines principles of karate and judo
subtype: #tae_kwon_do a Korean martial art similar to karate
subtype: #insulation the act of insulating for the purposes of protecting something
subtype: #lining the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)
subtype: #locking__lockup the act of locking something up to protect it
subtype: #accompaniment__escort the act of accompanying someone or something in order to protect them
subtype: #convoy the act of escorting while in transit
subtype: #covering.protection the act of protecting something by covering it
subtype: #immunization__immunisation the act of making immune (especially by inoculation)
subtype: #inoculation taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease
subtype: #sensitizing__sensitising__sensitization__sensitisation rendering an organism sensitive to a serum by a series of injections
subtype: #tutelage__care__charge__guardianship attention and management implying responsibility for safety; "he is under the care of a physician"
subtype: #providence the guardianship and control exercised by a deity; "divine providence"
subtype: #due_care__duecare__ordinary_care__reasonable_care the care that a reasonable man would exercise under the circumstances; the standard for determining legal duty
subtype: #great_care__greatcare greater care than is normally bestowed by prudent persons; "the pilot exercised great care in landing"
subtype: #slight_care such care as a careless or inattentive person would exercise
subtype: #ruggedization__ruggedisation the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse)
subtype: #sealing__waterproofing the act of treating something to make it repel water
subtype: #civil_defense__civildefense activities organized by civilians for their own protection in time of war or disaster
subtype: #fire_watching (during World War II in Britain) watching for fires started by bombs that dropped from the sky
subtype: #sensory_activity__sensoryactivity activity intended to achieve a particular sensory result
subtype: #sensing__perception becoming aware of something via the senses
subtype: #looking__looking_at__lookingat the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually; "he went out to have a look"; "his look was fixed on her eyes"; "he gave it a good looking at"; "his camera does his looking for him"
subtype: #glance__glimpse__coupd'oeil a quick look
subtype: #eye-beaming a radiant glance of the eye; "he pretended profundity by eye-beamings at people"
subtype: #side-glance__side-look a glance sideways; "she shot him an impatient side-glance"
subtype: #scrutiny a prolonged intense look
subtype: #peek__peep a secret look
subtype: #stare a fixed look with eyes open wide
subtype: #gaze__regard a long fixed look; "he fixed his paternal gaze on me"
subtype: #glower__glare an angry stare
subtype: #contemplation a long and thoughtful observation
subtype: #gape a stare of amazement (usually with the mouth open)
subtype: #evil_eye a look that is believed to have the power of inflicting harm
subtype: #sightseeing__rubber-necking going about to look at places of interest
subtype: #watching__observation__observance the act of observing; taking a patient look
subtype: #monitoring the act of observing something (and sometimes keeping a record of it); "the monitoring of enemy communications plays an important role in war times"
subtype: #sighting the act of observing; "several sightings of enemy troops were reported"
subtype: #landfall the first sighting of land from the sea after a voyage (or flight over water)
subtype: #stargazing observation of the stars
subtype: #lookout__outlook the act of looking out
subtype: #view__survey__sight the act of looking or seeing or observing; "he tried to get a better view of it"; "his survey of the battlefield was limited"
subtype: #eyeful a full view; a good look; "they wanted to see violence and they got an eyeful"
subtype: #dekko British slang
subtype: #lipreading perceiving what a person is saying by observing the movements of the lips
subtype: #taste.sensing__tasting a kind of sensing; distinguishing substances by means of the taste buds; "a wine tasting"
subtype: #smelling__smell the act of perceiving the odor of something
subtype: #sniff__snuff sensing an odor by inhaling through the nose
subtype: nsm#hear
subtype: #listening__hearing the act of hearing attentively; "you can learn a lot by just listening"; "they make good music--you should give them a hearing"
subtype: #auscultation listening to sounds within the body (usually with a stethoscope)
subtype: #pleximetry__percussion tapping a part of the body for diagnostic purposes
subtype: #succussion shaking a person to determine whether a large amount of liquid is present in a body cavity
subtype: #relistening__rehearing the act of hearing again
subtype: #educational_activity__educationalactivity__education__instruction__teaching__pedagogy the activities of educating or instructing or teaching; activities that impart knowledge or skill; "he received no formal education"; "our instruction was carefully programmed"; "good teaching is seldom rewarded"
subtype: #coeducation education of men and women in the same institutions
subtype: #course__course_of_instruction__course_of_study__class__clas education imparted in a series of lessons or class meetings; "he took a course in basket weaving"; "flirting is not unknown in college classes"
subtype: #adult_education__adulteducation a course (via lectures or correspondence) for adults who are not otherwise engaged in formal study
subtype: #art_class__artclas a class in which you learn to draw or paint
subtype: #life_class an art class using a live human model
subtype: #childbirth-preparation_class a course that teaches pregnant women to use breathing and concentration and exercise techniques to use during labor
subtype: #correspondence_course a course offered (by mail) by a correspondence school
subtype: #course_of_lectures a series of lectures dealing with a subject
subtype: #extension_course__extensioncourse a course offered as part of an extension service
subtype: #orientation_course__orientationcourse__orientation a course introducing a new situation or environment
subtype: #propaedeutic__propaedeutics__propaedeutic a course that provides and introduction to an art or science (or to more advanced study generally)
subtype: #refresher_course__refreshercourse__refresher a course that reviews and updates a topic for those who have not kept abreast of developments
subtype: #seminar a course offered for a small group of advanced students
subtype: #workshop a brief intensive course for a small group; emphasizes problem solving
subtype: gu#GU_course__course_at_Griffith_Uni
subtype: gu#1017INT
instance: gu#1017INT_2006semester2
subtype: gu#1015INT
subtype: gu#7007INT
subtype: gu#3403INT
subtype: #elementary_education education in elementary subjects (reading and writing and arithmetic) provided to young students at a grade school
subtype: #university_extension__extension__extension_service__extensionservice an educational opportunity provided by colleges and universities to people who not enrolled as regular students
subtype: #extracurricular_activity__extracurricularactivity educational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculum
subtype: #dramatics__dramatic participation in theatrical productions as an extracurricular activity
subtype: #athletics__athletic participation in sports events as an extracurricular activity
subtype: #higher_education education provided by a college or university
subtype: #secondary_education__secondaryeducation education beyond the elementary grades provided by a high school or college preparatory school
subtype: #work-study_program an educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study
subtype: is#teaching_an_IS_related_subject
subtype: km#teaching_a_KM_related_subject
subtype: km#teaching_CGs
subtype: #grooming__training__preparation activity leading to skilled behavior
subtype: #discipline training to improve strength or self-control
subtype: #exercise__practice_session__practice__drill systematic training by multiple repetitions; "practice makes perfect"
subtype: #fire_drill an exercise intended to train people in duties and escape procedures to be followed in case of fire
subtype: #manual_of_arms__manual (military) a prescribed drill in handling a rifle
subtype: #military_drill__drill training in marching and the use of weapons
subtype: #close-order_drill__closeorderdrill (military) military drill of troops in standard marching (shoulder-to-shoulder)
subtype: #square-bashing (British military slang) drill on a barracks square
subtype: #rehearsal (psychology) a form of practice; repetition of information (silently or aloud) in order to keep it in short-term memory
subtype: #dry_run__dryrun__rehearsal__run_through__runthrough a practice session in preparation for a public performance (as of a play or speech or concert); "he missed too many rehearsals"; "a rehearsal will be held the day before the wedding"
subtype: #dress_rehearsal__dressrehearsal a full rehearsal shortly before the first performance
subtype: #brushup__review practice intended to polish performance or refresh the memory
subtype: #rub_up__rubup (British) a review that refreshes your memory; "I need a rub up on my Latin"
subtype: #scrimmage practice play between a football team's squads
subtype: #shadowboxing sparring with an imaginary opponent (for exercise or training)
subtype: #target_practice practice in shooting at targets
subtype: #military_training training soldiers in military procedures
subtype: #retraining training for a new occupation
subtype: #schooling.grooming the training of an animal (especially the training of a horse for dressage)
subtype: #skull_session__skullsession__skull_practice__skullpractice teaching strategy to an athletic team
subtype: #representation.activity an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent
subtype: #modelling__model__modeling a representation of something (usually on a smaller scale)
subtype: #simulation the act of simulating
subtype: #war_game__wargame a simulated battle for training military commanders
subtype: #dramatization__dramatisation a dramatic representation
subtype: #guerrilla_theater__guerrillatheater__street_theater dramatization of a social issue; enacted outside in a park or on the street
subtype: #puppetry a stilted dramatic performance (as if by puppets)
subtype: #pageant__pageantry an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes
subtype: #figuration.representation representing figuratively as by emblem or allegory
subtype: #symbolizing__symbolising the act of representing something with a symbol
subtype: #schematization__schematisation__diagramming providing a chart or outline of a system
subtype: #pictorial_representation__pictorialrepresentation__picturing visual representation as by photography or painting
subtype: #depiction__delineation__portrayal representation by drawing or painting etc
subtype: #portraiture the activity of making portraits
subtype: #tomography__imaging (medicine) obtaining pictures of the interior of the body
subtype: #X-raying__X-radiation obtaining images by the use of X rays
subtype: #computed_tomography__CT__computerized_axial_tomography__computed_axial_tomography__CAT a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct an image
subtype: #sonography__ultrasonography using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram); commonly used to observe fetal growth
subtype: #positron_emission_tomography__PET using a computerized radiographic technique to examine the metabolic activity in various tissues (especially in the brain)
subtype: #magnetic_resonance_imaging__MRI the use of nuclear magnetic resonance of protons to produce proton density images
subtype: #functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging__fMRI a form of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain that registers blood flow to functioning areas of the brain
subtype: #radioscopy__radiology examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation
subtype: #fluoroscopy examination of body structures using a fluoroscope
subtype: #picture_taking__picturetaking__photography the act of taking and printing photographs
subtype: #radiography photography that uses other kinds of radiation than visible light
subtype: #roentgenography__xrayphotography radiography that uses X-rays to produce a roentgenogram
subtype: #angiography roentgenographic examination of blood vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces an angiogram
subtype: #arthrography roentgenographic examination of a joint after injection of radiopaque contrast medium; produces an arthrogram
subtype: #arteriography roentgenographic examination of arteries
subtype: #venography roentgenographic examination of veins
subtype: #cholangiography roentgenographic examination of the bile ducts after a contrast medium has been injected
subtype: #encephalography roentgenography of the brain after spinal fluid has been replaced by a gas (usually oxygen); produces an encephalogram
subtype: #myelography roentgenography of the spinal cord to detect possible lesions (usually after injection of a contrast medium into the subarachnoid space)
subtype: #pyelography roentgenography of the kidney and ureters (usually after injection with a radiopaque dye)
subtype: #intravenous_pyelography__intravenouspyelography__IVP performing pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast medium
subtype: #xeroradiography radiography using X-rays and xerographic (rather than roentgenographic) techniques
subtype: #xerography forming an image by the action of light on a specially coated charged plate; the latent image is developed with powders that adhere only to electrically charged areas; "edge enhancement is intrinsic in xerography"
subtype: #telephotography photography using a telephoto lens
subtype: #exposure.picture_taking the act of exposing film to light
subtype: #overexposure the act of exposing film to too much light or for too long a time
subtype: #underexposure the act of exposing film to too little light or for too short a time
subtype: #time_exposure exposure of a film for a relatively long time (more than half a second)
subtype: #filming__cinematography__motion-picture_photography the act of making a film
subtype: #take the act of photographing a scene or part of a scene without interruption
subtype: #retake a shot or scene that is photographed again
subtype: #animation the making of animated cartoons
subtype: #creation__creative_activity the human act of creating
subtype: #dismantling__disassembly the act of taking something apart (as a piece of machinery); "Russia and the US discussed the dismantling of their nuclear weapons"
subtype: #puncture the act of puncturing or perforating
subtype: #search__hunt__hunting the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone
subtype: #utilization__use__usage__utilisation__employment__exercise the act of using; "the steps were worn from years of use"
subtype: #measurement__measuring__measure__mensuration the act or process of measuring; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved remarkably accurate"
subtype: #organization.activity__organisation__arrangement the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically; "in this new organization the container is much smaller"
subtype: #grouping the activity of putting things together in groups
subtype: #supporting__support the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening; "he leaned against the wall for support"
subtype: #continuation__continuance the act of continuing or resuming an activity
subtype: #procedure.activity__process__proces a particular course of action intended to achieve a results; "the procedure of obtaining a driver's license"; "it was a process of trial and error"
subtype: #ceremony any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way; "the ceremony of smelling the cork and tasting the wine"; "he makes a ceremony of addressing his golf ball"; "he disposed of it without ceremony"
subtype: #ceremony.activity the proper or conventional behavior on some solemn occasion; "an inaugural ceremony"
subtype: #worship the activity of worshipping
subtype: #energizing__activating__activation the activity of causing to have energy and be active
subtype: #presentation the activity of presenting something
subtype: #concealing__concealment__hiding the activity of keeping something secret
subtype: #locating__placement__location__position__positioning__emplacement the act of putting something in a certain place or location
subtype: #supplying__provision__supply the activity of supplying or providing something
subtype: #demand.activity the act of demanding; "the kidnapper's exorbitant demands for money"
subtype: #pleasure an activity that affords enjoyment; "he puts duty before pleasure"
subtype: #delectation act of receiving pleasure from something
subtype: #marketplace__market the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold; "without competition there would be no market"; "they were driven from the marketplace"
subtype: #readying__preparation the activity of preparing
subtype: #assistance__aid__help the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose: "he gave me an assist with the housework"; "could not walk without assistance"; "rescue party went to their aid"; "offered his help in unloading"
subtype: #support.activity the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities; "his support kept the family together"; "they gave him emotional support during difficult times"
subtype: #conduct__behavior__behaviour__doings manner of acting or conducting yourself
subtype: #behavior__behaviour (psychology) the aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements made by an organism in any situation
subtype: #leadership__leading the activity of leading; "his leadership inspired the team"
subtype: #precedence__precession__precedency the act of preceding (as in a ceremony)
subtype: #solo any activity that is performed alone without assistance
subtype: #buzz a confusion of activity and gossip; "the buzz of excitement was so great that a formal denial was issued"
subtype: #fun violent and excited activity; "she asked for money and then the fun began"; (colloquial) "they began to fight like fun"
subtype: #sin.activity__hell (colloquial) violent and excited activity; "they began to fight like sin"
subtype: #outlet__release activity that releases or expresses creative energy or emotion; "she had no other outlet for her feelings"
subtype: #last a person's dying act; the last thing a person can do; "he breathed his last"
subtype: #perturbation__disturbance activity that is an intrusion or interruption; "he looked around for the source of the disturbance"; "there was a disturbance of neural function"
subtype: #timekeeping the act or process of determining the time
13 statements are about indirect instances of #activity: km#graph11_on_article, pm#graph1_on_creation_result, pm#graph1_on_description_container, pm#graph1_on_file, pm#graph1_on_written_material, pm#graph1_on_publication, pm#graph1_on_report, pm#graph35_on_article, pm#graph1_on_ontology, pm#graph2_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph3_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph7_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph1_on_f.modave@gu.edu.au click here to display them or click here for a search form or here to add a statement
Search too large. MMore than 2000 categories have been printed (2076 exactly). The exploration depth has been automatically reduced during the process