#vertebrate__craniate  animals having a bony or cartilaginous skeleton with a segmented spinal column and a large brain enclosed in a skull or cranium
  supertype:  #chordate  any animal of the phylum Chordata having a notochord or spinal column
  part:  #belly  #tail  #caudal_appendage  #rib.bone  #pectus  #vertebrate_foot  #digit.extremity
  member of:  #subphylum_Vertebrata
  subtype:  #fetus__fetu__foetus  an unborn or unhatched vertebrate in the later stages of development showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal
     subtype:  #teras__tera__monster  (medicine) a grossly malformed and usually nonviable fetus
     subtype:  #abortus__abortu  a human fetus whose weight is less than 0.5 kilogram when removed or expelled from the mother's body
  subtype:  #Amniota  higher vertebrates (reptiles; birds; mammals) possessing an amnion during development
  subtype:  #amniote  any member of the Amniota
  subtype:  #aquatic_vertebrate__aquaticvertebrate  animal living wholly or chiefly in or on water
     subtype:  #jawless_vertebrate__jawlessvertebrate__jawless_fish__jawlessfish__agnathan  eel-shaped vertebrate without jaws or paired appendages including the cyclostomes and some extinct forms
        subtype:  #ostracoderm  extinct fishlike jawless vertebrate having a heavily armored body; of the Paleozoic
        subtype:  #heterostracan  extinct jawless fish with the anterior part of the body covered with bony plates; of the Silurian and Devonian
        subtype:  #osteostracan__cephalaspid  extinct jawless fish of the Devonian with armored head
        subtype:  #anaspid  extinct small freshwater jawless fish usually having a heterocercal tail and an armored head; of the Silurian and Devonian
        subtype:  #conodont  small (2 in) extinct eellike fish with a finned tail and a notochord and having cone-shaped teeth containing cellular bone; late Cambrian to late Triassic; possible predecessor of the cyclostomes
        subtype:  #cyclostome  primitive aquatic vertebrate
        subtype:  #lamprey_eel__lampreyeel__lamprey__lamper_eel  primitive eellike freshwater or anadromous cyclostome having round sucking mouth with a rasping tongue
           subtype:  #sea_lamprey__sealamprey__Petromyzon_marinus  large anadromous lamprey sometimes used as food; destructive of native fish fauna in the Great Lakes
        subtype:  #hagfish__slime_eels  eellike cyclostome having a tongue with horny teeth in a round mouth surrounded by eight tentacles; feeds on dead or trapped fishes by boring into their bodies
           subtype:  #Myxine_glutinosa  typical hagfish
           subtype:  #eptatretus  a fossil hagfish of the genus Eptatretus
           subtype:  #Myxinikela_siroka  fossil hagfish of the Pennsylvanian period (c. 300 million years ago) that resembled modern hagfishes
     subtype:  #placoderm  fishlike vertebrate with bony plates on head and upper body; dominant in seas and rivers during the Devonian; considered the earliest vertebrate with jaws
     subtype:  #fish  any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills
        subtype:  #cartilaginous_fish__cartilaginousfish__chondrichthian  fishes in which the skeleton may be calcified but not ossified
           subtype:  #holocephalan  fish with high compressed head and a body tapering off into a long tail
              subtype:  #chimaera  smooth-skinned deep-sea fish with a tapering body and long threadlike tail
                 subtype:  #rabbitfish__Chimaera_monstrosa  large European chimaera
           subtype:  #elasmobranch__selachian  any of numerous fishes of the class Chondrichthyes characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton and placoid scales: sharks; rays; skates
              subtype:  #shark  any of numerous elongate mostly marine carnivorous fishes with heterocercal caudal fins and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales
                 subtype:  #cow_shark__cowshark__six-gilled_shark__Hexanchus_griseus  large primitive shark widely distributed in warm seas
                 subtype:  #mackerel_shark  fierce pelagic and oceanic sharks
                    subtype:  #porbeagle__Lamna_nasus  voracious pointed-nose shark of northern Atlantic and Pacific
                    subtype:  #mako_shark__mako  powerful mackerel shark of the Atlantic and Pacific
                       subtype:  #shortfin_mako__Isurus_oxyrhincus  very swift active bluish shark found worldwide in warm waters; important game fish
                       subtype:  #longfin_mako__longfinmako__Isurus_paucus  similar to shortfin mako but darker blue
                       subtype:  #bonito_shark__blue_pointed__Isurus_glaucus  common blue-gray shark of southwest Pacific; sport and food fish
                    subtype:  #great_white_shark__greatwhiteshark__white_shark__whiteshark__man-eater__maneater__man-eating_shark__Carcharodon_carcharias  large aggressive shark widespread in warm seas; known to attack humans
                    subtype:  #basking_shark__baskingshark__Cetorhinus_maximus  large harmless plankton-eating northern shark; often swims slowly or floats at the sea surface
                 subtype:  #thresher_shark__thresher__thrasher__fox_shark__foxshark__Alopius_vulpinus  large pelagic shark of warm seas with a whiplike tail used to round up small fish on which to feed
                 subtype:  #carpet_shark__Orectolobus_barbatus  shark of the western Pacific with flattened body and mottled skin
                 subtype:  #nurse_shark__Ginglymostoma_cirratum  small bottom-dwelling shark of warm shallow waters on both coasts of North and South America and from southeast Asia to Australia
                 subtype:  #sand_tiger__sand_shark__Carcharias_taurus__Odontaspis_taurus  shallow-water shark with sharp jagged teeth found on both sides of Atlantic; sometimes dangerous to swimmers
                 subtype:  #whale_shark__whaleshark__Rhincodon_typus  large spotted shark of warm surface waters worldwide; resembles a whale and feeds chiefly on plankton
                 subtype:  #cat_shark__catshark  small bottom-dwelling sharks with catlike eyes; found along continental slopes
                 subtype:  #requiem_shark__requiemshark  any of numerous sharks from small relatively harmless bottom-dwellers to large dangerous oceanic and coastal species
                    subtype:  #bull_shark__cub_shark__cubshark__Carcharhinus_leucas  a most common shark in temperate and tropical coastal waters worldwide; heavy-bodied and dangerous
                    subtype:  #sandbar_shark__sandbarshark__Carcharhinus_plumbeus  most common gray shark along coasts of middle Atlantic states; sluggish and occasionally caught by fishermen
                    subtype:  #blacktip_shark__sandbar_shark__sandbarshark__Carcharhinus_limbatus  widely distributed shallow-water shark with fins seemingly dipped in ink
                    subtype:  #oceanic_whitetip_shark__whitetip_shark__white-tipped_shark__Carcharinus_longimanus  large deep-water shark with white-tipped dorsal fin; worldwide distribution; most dangerous shark
                    subtype:  #dusky_shark__duskyshark__Carcharhinus_obscurus  relatively slender blue-gray shark; nearly worldwide in tropical and temperate waters
                    subtype:  #lemon_shark__Negaprion_brevirostris  common shallow-water schooling shark of the Atlantic from North Carolina to Brazil and off west Africa; dangerous
                    subtype:  #great_blue_shark__blue_shark__Prionace_glauca  slender cosmopolitan, pelagic shark; blue body shades to white belly; dangerous especially during maritime disasters
                    subtype:  #tiger_shark__Galeocerdo_cuvieri  large dangerous warm-water shark with striped or spotted body
                    subtype:  #soupfin_shark__soupfinshark__soupfin__Galeorhinus_zyopterus  Pacific shark valued for its fins (used by Chinese in soup) and liver (rich in vitamin A)
                 subtype:  #dogfish  any of several small sharks
                    subtype:  #smooth_dogfish  small bottom-dwelling shark found along both Atlantic coasts
                       subtype:  #smoothhound_shark__smoothhoundshark__smoothhound__Mustelus_mustelus  smooth dogfish of European coastal waters
                       subtype:  #American_smooth_dogfish__Mustelus_canis  found along the Atlantic coast of the Americas
                       subtype:  #Florida_smoothhound__Mustelus_norrisi  found from the northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
                       subtype:  #reef_whitetip_shark__whitetip_shark__Triaenodon_obseus  smooth dogfish of Pacific and Indian oceans and Red Sea having white-tipped dorsal and caudal fins
                    subtype:  #spiny_dogfish__spinydogfish  small bottom-dwelling dogfishes
                       subtype:  #Atlantic_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_acanthias  destructive dogfish of American and European Atlantic coastal waters; widely used in anatomy classes
                       subtype:  #Pacific_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_suckleyi  dogfish of Pacific coast of North America
                 subtype:  #hammerhead_shark__hammerhead  medium-sized live-bearing shark with eyes at either end of a flattened hammer-shaped head; worldwide in warm waters; can be dangerous
                    subtype:  #smooth_hammerhead__Sphyrna_zygaena  fished for the hides and vitamin-rich liver
                    subtype:  #smalleye_hammerhead__Sphyrna_tudes  fished for the hide and vitamin-rich liver
                    subtype:  #shovelhead__bonnethead__bonnet_shark__Sphyrna_tiburo  small harmless hammerhead having a spade-shaped head; abundant in bays and estuaries
                 subtype:  #angel_shark__angelshark__angelfish__Squatina_squatina__monkfish  sharks with broad flat bodies and winglike pectoral fins but that swim the way sharks do
              subtype:  #ray  cartilaginous fishes having horizontally flattened bodies and enlarged winglike pectoral fins with gills on the underside; most swim by moving the pectoral fins
                 subtype:  #electric_ray__crampfish__numbfish__torpedo  any sluggish bottom-dwelling ray of the order Torpediniformes having a rounded body and electric organs on each side of the head capable of emitting strong electric discharges
                 subtype:  #sawfish  primitive ray with sharp teeth on each edge of a long flattened snout
                    subtype:  #smalltooth_sawfish__Pristis_pectinatus  commonly found in tropical bays and estuaries; not aggressive
                 subtype:  #guitarfish  primitive tropical bottom-dwelling ray with a guitar-shaped body
                 subtype:  #stingray  large venomous ray with large barbed spines near the base of a thin whiplike tail capable of inflicting severe wounds
                    subtype:  #roughtail_stingray__roughtailstingray__Dasyatis_centroura  one of the largest stingrays; found from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras
                    subtype:  #butterfly_ray__butterflyray  short-tailed broad-finned stingray
                 subtype:  #eagle_ray__eagleray  powerful free-swimming tropical ray noted for `soaring' by flapping winglike fins; usually harmless but has venomous tissue near base of the tail as in stingrays
                    subtype:  #spotted_eagle_ray__spottedeagleray__spotted_ray__spottedray__Aetobatus_narinari  ray with back covered with white or yellow spots; widely distributed in warm seas
                    subtype:  #cownose_ray__cownoseray__cow-nosed_ray__cownosedray__Rhinoptera_bonasus  large ray found along eastern coast of North America
                 subtype:  #manta_ray__mantaray__manta__devilfish  extremely large pelagic tropical ray that feeds on plankton and small fishes; usually harmless but its size make it dangerous if harpooned
                    subtype:  #Atlantic_manta__Manta_birostris  largest manta (to 22 feet across wings); found worldwide but common in Gulf of Mexico and along southern coasts of United States; primarily oceanic
                    subtype:  #devil_ray__devilray__Mobula_hypostoma  small manta (to 4 feet) that travels in schools
                 subtype:  #skate  large edible rays having a long snout and thick tail with pectoral fins continuous with the head; swim by undulating the edges of the pectoral fins
                    subtype:  #gray_skate__Raja_batis  common European skate used as food
                    subtype:  #little_skate__Raja_erinacea  most plentiful skate in North American inshore waters in summer; to 21 inches
                    subtype:  #thorny_skate__Raja_radiata  cold-water bottom fish with spines on the back; to 40 inches
                    subtype:  #barndoor_skate__Raja_laevis  one of the largest skates (to 5 feet); an active skate easy to hook
        subtype:  #game_fish  any fish providing sport for the angler
        subtype:  #food_fish  any fish used for food by human beings
           subtype:  #groundfish__bottom_fish  fish that live on the sea bottom especially commercially important gadoid fishes like cod and haddock or flatfish like flounder
           subtype:  #shad  herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn
              subtype:  #common_American_shad__Alosa_sapidissima  shad of Atlantic coast of North America; naturalized to Pacific coast
              subtype:  #river_shad__rivershad__alosachrysoclori  shad that spawns in streams of the Mississippi drainage; very similar to Alosa sapidissima
              subtype:  #allice_shad__allis_shad__allisshad__allice__allis__alli__Alosa_alosa  European shad
           subtype:  #Clupea_harangus__herring  commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific
              subtype:  #Atlantic_herring__Clupea_harengus_harengus  important food fish; found in enormous shoals in North Atlantic
              subtype:  #Pacific_herring__Clupea_harengus_pallasii  important food fish of the north Pacific
           subtype:  #sardine  any of various small edible herring or related food fishes frequently canned
              subtype:  #sild  any of various young herrings (other than brislings) canned as sardines in Norway
              subtype:  #Clupea_sprattus__brisling__sprat  small herring processed like a sardine
           subtype:  #salmon  any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn
              subtype:  #blackfish  female salmon that has recently spawned
              subtype:  #redfish  male salmon that has recently spawned
              subtype:  #Salmo_salar__Atlantic_salmon  found in northern coastal Atlantic waters or tributaries; adults do not die after spawning
                 subtype:  #landlocked_salmon__lake_salmon  Atlantic salmon confined to lakes of New England and southeastern Canada
              subtype:  #blueback_salmon__sockeye__sockeyesalmon__redsalmon__Onchorynchus_nerka  small salmon with red flesh; found in rivers and tributaries of the north Pacific and valued as food; adults die after spawning
              subtype:  #quinnat_salmon__quinnatsalmon__chinook__chinooksalmon__king_salmon__Onchorynchus_tshawtscha  large Pacific salmon valued as food; adults die after spawning
              subtype:  #blue_jack__coho__cohoe__coho_salmon__silver_salmon__Onchorynchus_kisutch  small salmon of north Pacific coasts and the Great Lakes
           subtype:  #trout  any of various game and food fishes of cool fresh waters mostly smaller than typical salmons
              subtype:  #brown_trout__browntrout__salmon_trout__Salmo_trutta  speckled trout of European rivers; introduced in North America
                 subtype:  #sea_trout__seatrout  silvery marine variety of brown trout that migrates to fresh water to spawn
              subtype:  #Salmo_gairdneri__rainbow_trout__rainbowtrout  found in Pacific coastal waters and streams from lower California to Alaska
              subtype:  #Salvelinus_namaycush__lake_trout__salmon_trout  large fork-tailed trout of lakes of Canada and the northern United States
              subtype:  #Salvelinus_fontinalis__brook_trout__speckled_trout  North American freshwater trout; introduced in Europe
           subtype:  #whitefish  silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere
              subtype:  #lake_whitefish__Coregonus_clupeaformis  found in Great Lakes and north to Alaska
              subtype:  #Coregonus_artedi__cisco__lake_herring  important food fish of cold deep lakes of North America
              subtype:  #round_whitefish__Menominee_whitefish__Prosopium_cylindraceum  bronze-backed whitefish of northern North America and Siberia
              subtype:  #Rocky_Mountain_whitefish__Prosopium_williamsonii  whitefish of the western United States and Canada
           subtype:  #sea_bass  any of various food and sport fishes of the United States Atlantic coast having an elongated body and long spiny dorsal fin
              subtype:  #blackmouth_bass__Synagrops_bellus  small marine fish with black mouth and gill cavity
              subtype:  #rock_sea_bass__rock_bass__Centropristis_philadelphica  a kind of sea bass
              subtype:  #black_sea_bass__black_bass__Centropistes_striata  bluish black-striped sea bass of the Atlantic coast of the United States
              subtype:  #Roccus_saxatilis__striped_bass__striper__rockfish  marine food and game fish with dark longitudinal stripes; migrates upriver to spawn; sometimes placed in the genus Morone
              subtype:  #stone_bass__wreckfish__Polyprion_americanus  brown fish of the Atlantic and Mediterranean found around rocks and shipwrecks
              subtype:  #belted_sandfish__Serranus_subligarius  found in warm shallow waters of western Atlantic
              subtype:  #grouper  usually solitary bottom sea basses of warm seas
                 subtype:  #Epinephelus_fulvus__coney  black-spotted usually dusky-colored fish with reddish fins
                 subtype:  #hind.grouper  any of several mostly spotted fishes that resemble groupers
                    subtype:  #rock_hind__Epinephelus_adscensionis  found around rocky coasts or on reefs
                 subtype:  #creole-fish__Paranthias_furcifer  deep-sea fish of tropical Atlantic
                 subtype:  #jewfish__mycteropercabonaci  large dark grouper with a thick head and rough scales
           subtype:  #snapper  any of several large sharp-toothed marine food and sport fishes of the family Lutjanidae of mainly tropical coastal waters
              subtype:  #Lutjanus_blackfordi__red_snapper  esteemed food fish with pinkish red head and body; common in American Atlantic coastal waters and Gulf of Mexico
              subtype:  #gray_snapper__mangrove_snapper__Lutjanus_griseus  found in shallow waters off the coast of Florida
              subtype:  #mutton_snapper__muttonfish__Lutjanus_analis  similar to and often marketed as "red snapper"
              subtype:  #Lutjanus_apodus__schoolmaster  food fish of warm Caribbean and Atlantic waters
              subtype:  #yellowtail_snapper__yellowtail__Ocyurus_chrysurus  superior food fish of the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean with broad yellow stripe along the sides and on the tail
           subtype:  #tuna__tunny  any very large marine food and game fish of the genus Thunnus; related to mackerel; chiefly of warm waters
              subtype:  #long-fin_tunny__albacore__Thunnus_alalunga  large pelagic tuna the source of most canned tuna; reaches 93 pounds and has long pectoral fins; found worldwide in tropical and temperate waters
              subtype:  #horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__bluefin__bluefin_tuna__bluefintuna__Thunnus_thynnus  largest tuna; to 1500 pounds; of mostly temperate seas: feed in polar regions but breed in tropics
              subtype:  #yellowfin_tuna__yellowfintuna__yellowfin__Thunnus_albacares  may reach 400 pounds; worldwide in tropics
           subtype:  #sole.flatfish  right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European
              subtype:  #European_sole__Solea_solea  highly valued as food
              subtype:  #Solea_lascaris__lemon_sole__lemonsole  small European sole
              subtype:  #Parophrys_vitulus__English_sole__lemon_sole__lemonsole  popular pale brown food flatfish of the Pacific coast of North America
              subtype:  #sand_sole__Psettichthys_melanostichus  common flatfish of North American Pacific coast
              subtype:  #hogchoker__Trinectes_maculatus  useless as food; in coastal streams from Maine to Texas and Panama
        subtype:  #rough_fish__roughfish  any fish useless for food or sport or even as bait
        subtype:  #mouthbreeder  any of various fishes that carry their eggs and their young in their mouths
        subtype:  #spawner  a female fish at spawning time
        subtype:  #bony_fish  any fish of the class Osteichthyes
           subtype:  #crossopterygian__lobefin__lobe-finned_fish  any fish of the order Crossopterygii; most known only in fossil form
              subtype:  #coelacanth__Latimeria_chalumnae  fish thought to have been extinct since the Cretaceous Period but found in 1938 off the coast of Africa
           subtype:  #lungfish  air-breathing fish having an elongated body and fleshy paired fins; certain species construct mucus-lined mud coverings in which to survive drought
              subtype:  #ceratodus  extinct lungfish
              subtype:  #barramunda__barramundi__Neoceratodus_forsteri  large edible Australian lungfish having paddle-shaped fins
           subtype:  #teleost_fish__teleostfish__teleost__teleostan  a bony fish of the subclass Teleostei
              subtype:  #soft-finned_fish__malacopterygian  any fish of the superorder Malacopterygii
                 subtype:  #order_Ostariophysi__Ostariophysi  in some classifications considered a superorder comprising the Cypriniformes and the Siluriformes
                 subtype:  #cypriniform_fish__cypriniformfish  a soft-finned fish of the order Cypriniformes
                    subtype:  #loach  slender freshwater fishes of Eurasia and Africa resembling catfishes
                    subtype:  #cyprinid_fish__cyprinid  soft-finned mainly freshwater fishes typically having toothless jaws and cycloid scales
                       subtype:  #carp  any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae
                          subtype:  #domestic_carp__Cyprinus_carpio  large Old World freshwater bottom-feeding fish introduced into Europe from Asia; inhabits ponds and sluggish streams and often raised for food; introduced into United States where it has become a pest
                             subtype:  #leather_carp__leathercarp  scaleless domestic carp
                             subtype:  #mirror_carp  domestic carp with some large large shining scales
                       subtype:  #tench__Tinca_tinca  freshwater dace-like game fish of Europe and western Asia noted for ability to survive outside water
                       subtype:  #dace__Leuciscus_leuciscus  small European freshwater fish with a slender bluish-green body
                       subtype:  #chub__Leuciscus_cephalus  European freshwater game fish with a thick spindle-shaped body
                       subtype:  #shiner  any of numerous small silvery North American cyprinid fishes especially of the genus Notropis
                          subtype:  #emerald_shiner__emeraldshiner__Notropis_atherinoides  small blunt-nosed fish of Great Lakes and Mississippi valley with a greenish luster
                          subtype:  #common_shiner__silversides__Notropis_cornutus  the common North American shiner
                          subtype:  #golden_shiner__Notemigonus_crysoleucas  shiner of eastern North America having golden glints; sometimes also called `bream'
                       subtype:  #Rutilus_rutilus__roach  European freshwater food fish having a greenish back
                       subtype:  #rudd__Scardinius_erythrophthalmus  European freshwater fish resembling the roach
                       subtype:  #minnow__Phoxinus_phoxinus  very small European freshwater fish common in gravelly streams
                       subtype:  #gudgeon__gobiogobio  small slender European freshwater fish often used as bait by anglers
                       subtype:  #goldfish__Carassius_auratus  small golden or orange-red freshwater fishes of Eurasia used as pond or aquarium fishes
                          subtype:  #silverfish  a silvery variety of Carassius auratus
                       subtype:  #crucian_carp__cruciancarp__Carassius_carassius__Carassius_vulgaris  European carp closely resembling wild goldfish
                    subtype:  #electric_eel__Electrophorus_electric  eel-shaped freshwater fish of South America having electric organs in its body
                    subtype:  #catostomid  a cypriniform fish of the family Catostomidae
                       subtype:  #sucker  mostly North American freshwater fishes with a thick-lipped mouth for feeding by suction; related to carps
                          subtype:  #buffalo_fish__buffalofish__buffalofish  any of several large suckers of the Mississippi valley
                             subtype:  #black_buffalo__blackbuffalo__Ictiobus_niger  fish of the lower Mississippi
                          subtype:  #hog_sucker__hogsucker__hog_molly__hogmolly__Hypentelium_nigricans  widely distributed in warm clear shallow streams
                          subtype:  #redhorse_sucker__redhorse  North American sucker with reddish fins
                    subtype:  #cyprinodont  any member of the family Cyprinodontidae
                       subtype:  #killifish  small mostly marine warm-water carp-like schooling fishes; used as bait or aquarium fishes or in mosquito control
                          subtype:  #mummichog__Fundulus_heteroclitus  silver-and-black killifish of saltwater marshes along the United States Atlantic coast
                          subtype:  #striped_killifish__stripedkillifish__mayfish__fundulusmajali  black-barred fish of bays and coastal marshes of United States Atlantic and Gulf coasts
                          subtype:  #rivulus__rivulu  found in small streams of tropical America; often kept in aquariums; usually hermaphroditic
                          subtype:  #American_flagfish__flagfish__Jordanella_floridae  flagfish with a dark-blue back and whitish sides with red stripes; found in swamps and streams of Florida
                       subtype:  #swordtail__helleri__Xyphophorus_helleri  freshwater fish of Central America having a long swordlike tail; popular aquarium fish
                       subtype:  #guppy__rainbow_fish__rainbowfish__Lebistes_reticulatus  small freshwater fish of South America and West Indies; often kept in aquariums
                    subtype:  #topminnow__poeciliid_fish__poeciliidfish__poeciliid__live-bearer  small usually brightly-colored viviparous surface-feeding fishes of fresh or brackish warm waters; often used in mosquito control
                       subtype:  #mosquitofish__Gambusia_affinis  silvery topminnow with rows of black spots of tropical North America and West Indies; important in mosquito control
                       subtype:  #platy__Platypoecilus_maculatus  small stocky Mexican fish; popular aquarium fish
                       subtype:  #mollie__molly  popular aquarium fish
                    subtype:  #characin_fish__characin__characid  any freshwater fish of the family Characinidae
                       subtype:  #tetra  brightly colored tropical freshwater fishes
                       subtype:  #cardinal_tetra__Paracheirodon_axelrodi  small bright red and blue aquarium fish from streams in Brazil and Columbia
                       subtype:  #piranha__pirana__caribe  small voraciously carnivorous freshwater fishes of South America that attack and destroy living animals
                 subtype:  #siluriform_fish__catfish  any of numerous mostly freshwater bottom-living fishes of Eurasia and North America with barbels like whiskers around the mouth
                    subtype:  #silurid_fish__siluridfish__silurid  Old World freshwater catfishes having naked skin and a long anal fin more or less merged with the eellike caudal fin
                       subtype:  #European_catfish__sheatfish__Silurus_glanis  large elongated catfish of central and eastern Europe
                       subtype:  #electric_catfish__Malopterurus_electricus  freshwater catfish of the Nile and tropical central Africa having an electric organ
                    subtype:  #bullhead  any of several common freshwater catfishes of the United States
                       subtype:  #horned_pout__hornpout__pout__Ameiurus_Melas  catfish common in eastern United States
                       subtype:  #brown_bullhead__brownbullhead  freshwater catfish of eastern United States
                    subtype:  #channel_catfish__channel_cat__Ictalurus_punctatus  freshwater food fish common throughout central United States
                       subtype:  #blue_catfish__blue_cat__blue_channel_catfish__blue_channel_cat  a large catfish of the Mississippi valley
                    subtype:  #flathead_catfish__mudcat__goujon__shovelnose_catfish__spoonbill_catfish__spoonbillcatfish__Pylodictus_olivaris  large catfish of central United States having a flattened head and projecting jaw
                    subtype:  #armored_catfish  South American catfish having the body covered with bony plates
                    subtype:  #sea_catfish  any of numerous marine fishes most of which are mouthbreeders; not used for food
                       subtype:  #crucifix_fish  catfish of the Caribbean area
                 subtype:  #gadoid_fish__gadoid  a soft-finned fish of the family Gadidae
                    subtype:  #cod__codfish  major food fish of arctic and cold-temperate waters
                       subtype:  #codling  young codfish
                       subtype:  #Atlantic_cod__Gadus_morhua  one of the world's most important commercial fishes
                       subtype:  #Pacific_cod__Alaska_cod__Gadus_macrocephalus  closely related to Atlantic cod
                       subtype:  #burbot__eelpout__ling__cusk__Lota_lota  elongate freshwater cod of northern Europe and Asia and North America having barbels around its mouth
                       subtype:  #scrod__schrod  young Atlantic cod or haddock especially one split and boned for cooking
                    subtype:  #Merlangus_merlangus__whiting__Gadus_merlangus  a food fish of European Atlantic waters resembling the cod; sometimes placed in genus Gadus
                    subtype:  #Melanogrammus_aeglefinus__haddock  important food fish on both sides of the Atlantic; related to cod but usually smaller
                    subtype:  #Pollachius_pollachius__pollack  important food and game fish of northern seas especially North Atlantic; related to cod
                    subtype:  #hake  any of several marine food fishes related to cod
                       subtype:  #silver_hake__Merluccius_bilinearis__whiting  found off Atlantic coast of North America
                       subtype:  #ling  American hakes
                    subtype:  #Molva_molva__ling  elongated marine food fish of Greenland and northern Europe; often salted and dried
                    subtype:  #torsk__Brosme_brosme  large edible marine fish of northern coastal waters; related to cod
                    subtype:  #rattail__grenadier__rattail_fish__rattailfish  deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail
                 subtype:  #eel  voracious snakelike marine or freshwater fishes with smooth slimy usually scaleless skin and having a continuous vertical fin but no ventral fins
                    subtype:  #elver  young eel
                    subtype:  #common_eel__freshwater_eel  eels that live in fresh water as adults but return to sea to spawn; found in Europe and America; marketed both fresh and smoked
                    subtype:  #Anguilla_sucklandii__tuna  New Zealand eel
                    subtype:  #moray_eel__morayeel__moray  family of brightly colored voracious eels of warm coastal waters; generally nonaggressive to humans but larger species are dangerous if provoked
                    subtype:  #conger_eel__conger  large somber-colored scaleless marine eel found in temperate and tropical coastal waters; some used for food
                 subtype:  #beaked_salmon__sandfish__Gonorhynchus_gonorhynchus  fish of sandy areas of western Pacific and Indian oceans having an angular snout for burrowing into sand
                 subtype:  #clupeid_fish__clupeidfish__clupeid  any of numerous soft-finned schooling food fishes of shallow waters of northern seas
                    subtype:  #shad  herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn
                    subtype:  #Alosa_pseudoharengus__alewife__Pomolobus_pseudoharengus  shad-like food fish that runs rivers to spawn; often salted or smoked; sometimes placed in genus Pomolobus
                    subtype:  #menhaden__Brevoortia_tyrannis  shad-like North American marine fishes used for fish meal and oil and fertilizer
                    subtype:  #Clupea_harangus__herring  commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific
                    subtype:  #sardine  any of various small edible herring or related food fishes frequently canned
                    subtype:  #Sardina_pilchardus__pilchard__sardine  small fishes found in great schools along coasts of Europe; smaller and rounder than herring
                       subtype:  #Pacific_sardine__Sardinops_caerulea  small pilchards common off the pacific coast of North America
                 subtype:  #anchovy  small herring-like plankton-feeding fishes often canned whole or as paste; abundant in tropical waters worldwide
                    subtype:  #mediterranean_anchovy__mediterraneananchovy__Engraulis_encrasicholus  esteemed for its flavor; usually preserved or used for sauces and relishes
                 subtype:  #salmonid  soft-finned fishes of cold and temperate waters
                    subtype:  #salmon  any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn
                    subtype:  #trout  any of various game and food fishes of cool fresh waters mostly smaller than typical salmons
                    subtype:  #char  any of several small-scaled trout
                       subtype:  #Arctic_char__Salvelinus_alpinus  small trout of northern waters; landlocked populations in Quebec and northern New England
                 subtype:  #whitefish  silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere
                 subtype:  #smelt  small trout-like silvery marine or freshwater food fishes of cold northern waters
                    subtype:  #rainbow_smelt__rainbowsmelt__Osmerus_mordax  important marine and landlocked food fish of eastern North America and Alaska
                    subtype:  #Osmerus_eperlanus__sparling__European_smelt  the common smelt of Europe
                    subtype:  #capelin__capelan__caplin  very small northern fish; forage for sea birds and marine mammals and other fishes
                 subtype:  #tarpon__Tarpon_atlanticus  large silvery game fish of warm Atlantic coastal waters especially off Florida
                    subtype:  #ladyfish__tenpounder__Elops_saurus  game fish resembling the tarpon but smaller
                 subtype:  #bonefish__Albula_vulpes  slender silvery marine fish found in tropical mud flats and mangrove lagoons
                 subtype:  #argentine  any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes
                 subtype:  #lanternfish  small fish having rows of luminous organs along each side; some surface at night
                 subtype:  #lizardfish__snakefish  tropical fishes with large mouths in lizard-like heads; found worldwide
                 subtype:  #greeneye  bottom-livers having large eyes with metallic green luster
                 subtype:  #lancetfish__lancet_fish__wolffish  large elongate scaleless oceanic fishes with sharp teeth and a long sail-like dorsal fin
                 subtype:  #handsaw_fish__handsawfish  a soft-finned fish of the genus Alepisaurus
                 subtype:  #opah__moonfish__Lampris_regius  large elliptical brightly colored deep-sea fish of Atlantic and Pacific and Mediterranean
                 subtype:  #New_World_opah__Lampris_guttatus  from Nova Scotia to West Indies and Gulf of Mexico
                 subtype:  #ribbonfish  marine fish having a long compressed ribbon-like body
                    subtype:  #dealfish__Trachipterus_arcticus  deep-sea ribbonfish
                 subtype:  #oarfish__king_of_the_herring__ribbonfish__Regalecus_glesne  thin deep-water tropical fish 20 to 30 feet long having a red dorsal fin
              subtype:  #cornetfish  slender tropical fish with a long tubular snout and bony plates instead of scales
              subtype:  #pipefish__needlefish  fish with long tubular snout and slim body covered with bony plates
                 subtype:  #dwarf_pipefish__dwarfpipefish__Syngnathus_hildebrandi  small (4 inches) fish found off Florida gulf coast
                 subtype:  #deepwater_pipefish__deepwaterpipefish__Cosmocampus_profundus  8 inches; from eastern Florida to western Caribbean
                 subtype:  #seahorse__sea_horse__seahorse  small fish with horselike heads bent sharply downward and curled tails; swim in upright position
              subtype:  #snipefish__bellows_fish__bellowsfish  small bottom-dwelling fish of warm seas having a compressed body and a long snout with a toothless mouth
              subtype:  #shrimpfish  slender tropical shallow-water East Indian fish covered with transparent plates
              subtype:  #trumpetfish__aulostomusmaculatu  tropical Atlantic fish with a long snout; swims snout down
              subtype:  #needlefish__gar__billfish  elongate European surface-dwelling predacious fishes with long toothed jaws; abundant in coastal waters
                 subtype:  #timucu  found in warm waters of western Atlantic
              subtype:  #flying_fish  tropical marine fishes having enlarged winglike fins used for brief gliding flight
                 subtype:  #monoplane_flying_fish__two-wing_flying_fish  having only pectoral fins enlarged
                 subtype:  #biplane_flying_fish__four-wing_flying_fish  having both pectoral and pelvic fins enlarged
              subtype:  #halfbeak  tropical and subtropical marine and freshwater fishes having an elongated body and long protruding lower jaw
              subtype:  #saury__billfish__Scomberesox_saurus  slender long-beaked fish of temperate Atlantic waters
              subtype:  #spiny-finned_fish__acanthopterygian  a teleost fish with fins that are supported by sharp inflexible rays
                 subtype:  #squirrelfish  very small brightly colored (especially red) nocturnal fishes of shallow waters of tropical reefs; they make sounds like a squirrel's bark
                    subtype:  #reef_squirrelfish__Holocentrus_coruscus  on reefs from Bermuda and Florida to northern South America
                    subtype:  #deepwater_squirrelfish__deepwatersquirrelfish__Holocentrus_bullisi  a squirrelfish found from South Carolina to Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico
                    subtype:  #Holocentrus_ascensionis  bright red fish of West Indies and Bermuda
                    subtype:  #soldierfish  the larger squirrelfishes
                 subtype:  #anomalops__anomalop__flashlight_fish  fish having a luminous organ beneath eye; of warm waters of the western Pacific and Puerto Rico
                 subtype:  #flashlight_fish__Photoblepharon_palpebratus  fish of deep dark waters having a light organ below each eye
                 subtype:  #dory  marine fishes widely distributed in mid-waters and deep slope waters
                    subtype:  #John_dory__Zeus_faber  European dory
                 subtype:  #Capros_aper__boarfish  fish with a projecting snout
                 subtype:  #boarfish  fish with large eyes and long snouts
                 subtype:  #stickleback__prickleback  small (2-4 inches) pugnacious mostly scaleless spiny-backed fishes of northern fresh and littoral waters having elaborate courtship; subjects of much research
                    subtype:  #three-spined_stickleback__Gasterosteus_aculeatus  of rivers and coastal regions
                    subtype:  #ten-spined_stickleback__Gasterosteus_pungitius  confined to rivers
                 subtype:  #batfish  bottom-dweller of warm western Atlantic coastal waters having a flattened scaleless body that crawls about on fleshy pectoral and pelvic fins
                 subtype:  #goosefish__angler__anglerfish__angler_fish__monkfish__lotte__allmouth__Lophius_Americanus  fishes having large mouths with a wormlike filament attached for luring prey
                 subtype:  #toadfish__Opsanus_tau  bottom-dwelling fish having scaleless slimy skin and a broad thick head with a wide mouth
                    subtype:  #oyster_fish__oysterfish  a variety of toadfish
                 subtype:  #frogfish  fish having a frog-like mouth with a lure on the snout
                 subtype:  #sargassum_fish__sargassumfish  small fantastically formed and colored fishes found among masses of sargassum
                 subtype:  #percoid_fish__percoidfish__percoid__percoidean  any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformes
                    subtype:  #perch.percoid_fish  any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of various families of the order Perciformes
                    subtype:  #perch_flesh__perch  spiny-finned freshwater food and game fishes
                       subtype:  #yellow_perch__Perca_flavescens  North American perch
                       subtype:  #European_perch__Perca_fluviatilis  a perch native to Europe
                       subtype:  #pikeperch__pike_perch  any of several pike-like fishes of the perch family
                          subtype:  #walleyed_pike__walleye__jack_salmon__Stizostedion_vitreum  pike-like freshwater perches
                             subtype:  #blue_pike__blue_pickerel__blue_pikeperch__blue_walleye__Strizostedion_vitreum_glaucum  variety inhabiting the Great Lakes
                       subtype:  #snail_darter__snaildarter__Percina_tanasi  3-inch snail-eating perch of the Tennessee River
                    subtype:  #sandfish  either of two small silvery scaleless fishes of the north Pacific that burrow into sand
                    subtype:  #cusk-eel  elongate compressed somewhat eel-shaped fishes
                    subtype:  #brotula  deep-sea fishes
                    subtype:  #pearlfish  found living within the alimentary canals of e.g. sea cucumbers or between the shells of pearl oysters in or near shallow seagrass beds
                    subtype:  #robolo  a kind of percoid fish
                       subtype:  #snook  large tropical American food and game fishes of coastal and brackish waters; resemble pike
                    subtype:  #pike  any of several elongate long-snouted freshwater game and food fishes widely distributed in cooler parts of the northern hemisphere
                       subtype:  #northern_pike__Esox_lucius  voracious piscivorous pike of waters of northern hemisphere
                       subtype:  #Esox_masquinongy__muskellunge  large (60 to 80 pounds) sport fish of North America
                       subtype:  #pickerel  any of several North American species of small pike
                          subtype:  #chain_pickerel__chainpickerel__chain_pike__chainpike__Esox_niger  common in quiet waters of eastern United States
                          subtype:  #redfin_pickerel__barred_pickerel__Esox_americanus  small but gamy pickerel of Atlantic coastal states
                    subtype:  #centrarchid__sunfish  small carnivorous freshwater percoid fishes of North America usually having a laterally compressed body and metallic luster: crappies; black bass; bluegills; pumpkinseed
                       subtype:  #crappie  small sunfishes of central United States rivers
                          subtype:  #black_crappie__blackcrappie__Pomoxis_nigromaculatus  a crappie that is black
                          subtype:  #white_crappie__whitecrappie__Pomoxis_annularis  a crappie that is white
                       subtype:  #freshwater_bream__bream  any of various usually edible freshwater percoid fishes having compressed bodies and shiny scales; especially (but not exclusively) of the genus Lepomis
                          subtype:  #European_bream__Abramis_brama  European freshwater fish having a flattened body and silvery scales; of little value as food
                          subtype:  #bluegill__Lepomis_macrochirus  important edible sunfish of eastern and central United States
                          subtype:  #spotted_sunfish__spottedsunfish__stumpknocker__Lepomis_punctatus  inhabits streams from South Carolina to Florida; esteemed panfish
                       subtype:  #pumpkinseed__Lepomis_gibbosus  small brilliantly colored North American sunfish
                       subtype:  #rock_bass__rock_sunfish__Ambloplites_rupestris  game and food fish of upper Mississippi and Great Lakes
                       subtype:  #black_bass  widely distributed and highly prized American freshwater game fishes (sunfish family)
                          subtype:  #Kentucky_black_bass__spotted_black_bass__Micropterus_pseudoplites  a variety of black bass
                          subtype:  #smallmouth_black_bass__smallmouth__smallmouth_bass__smallmouthed_bass__smallmouthed_black_bass__Micropterus_dolomieu  a variety of black bass; the angle of the jaw falls below the eye
                          subtype:  #largemouth_black_bass__largemouth__largemouth_bass__largemouthed_bass__largemouthed_black_bass__Micropterus_salmoides  a large black bass; the angle of the jaw falls behind the eye
                    subtype:  #bass.percoid_fish__bas  nontechnical name for any of numerous edible marine and freshwater spiny-finned fishes
                       subtype:  #freshwater_bass  North American food and game fish
                    subtype:  #serranid_fish__serranid  marine food sport fishes mainly of warm coastal waters
                       subtype:  #white_perch__whiteperch__silver_perch__Morone_americana  small silvery food and game fish of eastern United States streams
                       subtype:  #yellow_bass__Morone_interrupta  North American freshwater bass resembling the larger marine striped bass
                       subtype:  #sea_bass  any of various food and sport fishes of the United States Atlantic coast having an elongated body and long spiny dorsal fin
                       subtype:  #soapfish  fishes with slimy mucus-covered skin; found in warm American Atlantic coastal waters
                    subtype:  #surfperch__surffish__surf_fish  small to medium-sized shallow-water fishes of the North American Pacific coast
                       subtype:  #rainbow_seaperch__rainbowseaperch__rainbow_perch__rainbowperch__Hipsurus_caryi  Pacific coast fish
                    subtype:  #bigeye  red fishes of American coastal tropical waters having very large eyes and rough scales
                    subtype:  #catalufa__Priacanthus_arenatus  brightly colored carnivorous fish of western Atlantic and West Indies waters
                    subtype:  #cardinalfish  small red fishes of coral reefs and inshore tropical waters
                       subtype:  #flamefish__Apogon_maculatus  found in tropical Atlantic coastal waters
                       subtype:  #conchfish__astropogonstellatu  found in West Indies; lives in mantle cavity of a living conch
                    subtype:  #tilefish__Lopholatilus_chamaeleonticeps  yellow-spotted violet food fish of warm deep waters
                    subtype:  #Pomatomus_saltatrix__bluefish  bluish warm-water marine food and game fish that follow schools of small fishes into shallow waters
                    subtype:  #cobia__Rachycentron_canadum__sergeant_fish  large dark-striped tropical food and game fish related to remoras; found worldwide in coastal to open waters
                    subtype:  #carangid_fish__carangid  a percoid fish of the family Carangidae
                       subtype:  #jack  any of several fast-swimming predacious fishes of tropical to warm-temperate seas
                          subtype:  #crevalle_jack__jack_crevalle__Caranx_hippos  fish of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
                          subtype:  #Caranx_bartholomaei__yellow_jack  fish of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
                          subtype:  #blue_runner__runner__Caranx_crysos  fish of western Atlantic: Cape Cod to Brazil
                          subtype:  #rainbow_runner__rainbowrunner__Elagatis_bipinnulata  streamlined cigar-shaped jack; good game fish
                          subtype:  #leatherjack__leatherjacket  any of several New World tropical fishes having tiny embedded scales
                          subtype:  #threadfish__Alectis_ciliaris  fish having greatly elongated front rays on dorsal and anal fins
                          subtype:  #amberjack__amberfish  any of several amber to coppery fork-tailed warm-water carangid fishes
                          subtype:  #yellowtail__Seriola_dorsalis  game fish of S California and Mexico having a yellow tail fin
                          subtype:  #banded_rudderfish__rudderfish__Seriola_zonata  fish having the habit of following ships; found in North and South American coastal waters
                          subtype:  #Seriola_grandis__kingfish  large game fish of Australia and New Zealand
                       subtype:  #Atlantic_moonfish__moonfish__horsefish__horsehead__dollarfish__Selene_setapinnis  any of several silvery marine fishes with very flat bodies
                          subtype:  #lookdown_fish__lookdown__Selene_vomer  similar to moonfish but with eyes high on the truncated forehead
                       subtype:  #pompano  any of several deep-bodied food fishes of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
                          subtype:  #Florida_pompano__Trachinotus_carolinus  found in coastal waters New England to Brazil except clear waters of West Indies
                          subtype:  #Trachinotus_falcatus__permit  large game fish; found in waters of the West Indies
                       subtype:  #pilotfish__Naucrates_ductor  small pelagic fish often accompanying sharks or mantas
                       subtype:  #scad  any of a number of fishes of the family Carangidae
                          subtype:  #jack_mackerel__horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__Spanish_mackerel__saurel__Trachurus_symmetricus  a California food fish
                          subtype:  #saurel__horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__Trachurus_trachurus  large elongated compressed food fish of European Atlantic waters
                          subtype:  #bigeye_scad__big-eyed_scad__goggle-eye__Selar_crumenophthalmus  of Atlantic coastal waters; commonly used for bait
                          subtype:  #mackerel_scad__mackerel_shad__Decapterus_macarellus  small silvery fish; Nova Scotia to Brazil
                          subtype:  #round_scad__roundscad__cigarfish__quiaquia__Decapterus_punctatus  small fusiform fish of western Atlantic
                    subtype:  #mahimahi__dolphinfish__dolphin  large slender food and game fish widely distributed in warm seas (especially around Hawaii)
                       subtype:  #Coryphaena_hippurus  the more common dolphinfish valued as food; about six feet long
                       subtype:  #Coryphaena_equisetis  a kind of dolphinfish
                    subtype:  #blanquillo__tilefish  important marine food fishes
                    subtype:  #cichlid_fish__cichlidfish__cichlid  freshwater fishes of tropical America and Africa and Asia similar to American sunfishes; some are food fishes; many small ones are popular in aquariums
                       subtype:  #bolti__Tilapia_nilotica  important food fish of the Nile and other rivers of Africa and Asia Minor
                    subtype:  #snapper  any of several large sharp-toothed marine food and sport fishes of the family Lutjanidae of mainly tropical coastal waters
                    subtype:  #grunt  medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter a grunting sound when caught
                       subtype:  #margate__Haemulon_album  red-mouthed grunt found from Florida to Brazil
                       subtype:  #Spanish_grunt__Haemulon_macrostomum  a kind of grunt
                       subtype:  #tomtate__Haemulon_aurolineatum  found off the West Indies and Florida
                       subtype:  #cottonwick__Haemulon_malanurum  of warm Atlantic waters
                       subtype:  #sailor's-choice__sailors_choice__sailorschoice__Haemulon_parra  found from Florida to Brazil and Gulf of Mexico
                       subtype:  #porkfish__Anisotremus_virginicus  black and gold grunt found from Bermuda to Caribbean to Brazil
                       subtype:  #black_margate__blackmargate__pompon__Anisotremus_surinamensis  dusky gray food fish found from Louisiana and Florida southward
                       subtype:  #pigfish__hogfish__Orthopristis_chrysopterus  found from Long Island southward
                    subtype:  #sparid_fish__sparid  spiny-finned food fishes of warm waters having well-developed teeth
                       subtype:  #sheepshead__Archosargus_probatocephalus  large (up to 20 lbs) food fish of the eastern coast of the United States and Mexico
                       subtype:  #pinfish__sailor's-choice__squirrelfish__Lagodon_rhomboides  similar to sea bream; small spiny-finned fish found in bays along the southeastern coast of the United States
                       subtype:  #Chrysophrys_auratus__snapper  Australian food fish having a pinkish body with blue spots
                    subtype:  #sea_bream__seabream__bream  any of numerous marine percoid fishes especially (but not exclusively) of the family Sparidae
                       subtype:  #pomfret__Brama_raii  deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of North Atlantic and North Pacific; valued for food
                       subtype:  #porgy  important deep-bodied food and sport fish of warm and tropical coastal waters; found worldwide
                          subtype:  #red_porgy__redporgy__Pagrus_pagrus  food fish of the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe and America
                          subtype:  #sheepshead_porgy__Calamus_penna  from Florida and Bahamas to Brazil
                          subtype:  #northern_scup__scup__northern_porgy__Stenotomus_chrysops  found in Atlantic coastal waters of North America from South Carolina to Maine; esteemed as a panfish
                          subtype:  #southern_scup__scup__southern_porgy__Stenotomus_aculeatus  porgy of southern Atlantic coastal waters of North America
                       subtype:  #European_sea_bream__Pagellus_centrodontus  food fish of European coastal waters
                       subtype:  #Atlantic_sea_bream__Archosargus_rhomboidalis  sea bream of warm Atlantic waters
                       subtype:  #black_bream__blackbream__Chrysophrys_australis  important dark-colored edible food and game fish of Australia
                    subtype:  #sciaenid_fish__sciaenid  widely distributed family of carnivorous percoid fishes having a large air bladder used to produce sound
                       subtype:  #drumfish__drum  small to medium-sized bottom-dwelling food and game fishes of shallow coastal and fresh waters that make a drumming noise
                          subtype:  #striped_drum__stripeddrum__Equetus_pulcher  a kind of drumfish
                          subtype:  #jackknife-fish__jackknifefish__Equetus_lanceolatus  black-and-white drumfish with an erect elongated dorsal fin
                          subtype:  #silver_perch__mademoiselle__Bairdiella_chrysoura  small silvery drumfish often mistaken for white perch; found along coasts of United States from New York to Mexico
                          subtype:  #red_drum__reddrum__channel_bass__redfish__Sciaenops_ocellatus  large edible fish found off coast of United States from Massachusetts to Mexico
                       subtype:  #mulloway__jewfish__sciaenaantarctica  large important food fish of Australia; almost indistinguishable from the maigre
                       subtype:  #maigre__maiger__Sciaena_aquila  large European marine food fish
                       subtype:  #croaker  any of several fishes that make a croaking noise
                          subtype:  #Atlantic_croaker__Micropogonias_undulatus  silvery-bodied with dark markings and tiny barbels
                          subtype:  #yellowfin_croaker__yellowfincroaker__surffish__surf_fish__Umbrina_roncador  fish of North American Pacific coast
                          subtype:  #chenfish__white_croaker__whitecroaker__kingfish__Genyonemus_lineatus  small silvery marine food fish found off California
                          subtype:  #white_croaker__whitecroaker__queenfish__Seriphus_politus  silvery and bluish drumfish of shallow California coastal waters
                       subtype:  #whiting  any of several food fishes of North American coastal waters
                          subtype:  #kingfish  any of several food and game fishes of the drum family indigenous to warm Atlantic waters of the North American coast
                          subtype:  #king_whiting__Menticirrhus_americanus  whiting of the southeastern coast of North America
                          subtype:  #northern_whiting__Menticirrhus_saxatilis  whiting of the east coast of United States; closely resembles king whiting
                          subtype:  #corbina__menticirrhusundulatu  bluish-gray whiting of California coast
                          subtype:  #silver_whiting__Menticirrhus_littoralis  a dull silvery whiting of southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States
                       subtype:  #sea_trout.sciaenid_fish__seatrout  any of several sciaenid fishes of North American coastal waters
                          subtype:  #Cynoscion_regalis__weakfish  food and game fish of North American coastal waters with a mouth from which hooks easily tear out
                          subtype:  #spotted_weakfish__spottedweakfish__spotted_sea_trout__spottedseatrout__spotted_squeateague__spottedsqueateague__Cynoscion_nebulosus  weakfish of southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States
                    subtype:  #mullet  bottom-dwelling marine warm-water fishes with two barbels on the chin
                       subtype:  #goatfish__red_mullet__redmullet__surmullet__Mullus_surmuletus  brightly colored tropical fishes with chin barbels
                          subtype:  #red_goatfish__redgoatfish__mullusauratu  body bright scarlet with 2 yellow to reddish strips on side
                          subtype:  #yellow_goatfish__Mulloidichthys_martinicus  schooling goatfish; grayish with yellow stripe
                    subtype:  #gray_mullet__mullet  freshwater or coastal food fishes a spindle-shaped body; found worldwide
                       subtype:  #striped_mullet__stripedmullet__Mugil_cephalus  most important commercial mullet in eastern United States
                       subtype:  #white_mullet__whitemullet__mugilcurema  silvery mullet of Atlantic and Pacific coasts
                       subtype:  #Mugil_liza__liza  similar to the striped mullet and takes its place in the Caribbean region
                    subtype:  #sea_chub__seachub  schooling fishes mostly of Indian and western Pacific oceans; two species in western Atlantic
                       subtype:  #Bermuda_chub__rudderfish__Kyphosus_sectatrix  food and game fish around Bermuda and Florida; often follow ships
                    subtype:  #spadefish__angelfish__Chaetodipterus_faber  deep-bodied disk-shaped food fish of warmer western Atlantic coastal waters
                    subtype:  #butterfly_fish__butterflyfish  small usually brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes having narrow deep bodies with large broad fins; found worldwide
                       subtype:  #chaetodon  any fish of the genus Chaetodon
                       subtype:  #angelfish  a butterfly fish of the genus Pomacanthus
                       subtype:  #rock_beauty__Holocanthus_tricolor  gold and black butterflyfish found from West Indies to Brazil
                    subtype:  #damselfish__demoiselle  small brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes of coral reefs
                       subtype:  #beaugregory__Pomacentrus_leucostictus  blue-and-yellow damselfish of Bermuda Florida and West Indies
                       subtype:  #anemone_fish__anemonefish  live associated with sea anemones
                          subtype:  #clown_anemone_fish__clownanemonefish__Amphiprion_percula  an anemone fish of the genus Amphiprion
                       subtype:  #Abudefduf_saxatilis__sergeant_major  large blue-gray black-striped damselfish; nearly worldwide
                    subtype:  #wrasse  chiefly tropical marine fishes with fleshy lips and powerful teeth; usually brightly colored
                       subtype:  #giant_pigfish__giantpigfish__pigfish__Achoerodus_gouldii  found around the Great Barrier Reef
                       subtype:  #hogfish__hog_snapper__hogsnapper__Lachnolaimus_maximus  large wrasse of western Atlantic; head of male resembles a pig's snout
                       subtype:  #slippery_dick__Halicoeres_bivittatus  small wrasse of tropical Atlantic
                       subtype:  #puddingwife__Halicoeres_radiatus  bluish and bronze wrasse; found from Florida keys to Brazil
                       subtype:  #bluehead__Thalassoma_bifasciatum  small Atlantic wrasse the male of which has a brilliant blue head
                       subtype:  #razorfish  any of several small wrasses with compressed sharp-edged heads of the West Indies and Mediterranean
                          subtype:  #pearly_razorfish__Hemipteronatus_novacula  a kind of razorfish
                       subtype:  #tautog__blackfish__Tautoga_onitis  large dark-colored food fish of the Atlantic coast of North America
                       subtype:  #cunner__bergall__Tautogolabrus_adspersus  common in north Atlantic coastal waters of the United States
                    subtype:  #parrotfish__pollyfish  gaudy tropical fishes with parrotlike beaks formed by fusion of teeth
                    subtype:  #threadfin  mullet-like tropical marine fishes having pectoral fins with long threadlike rays
                       subtype:  #barbu__polydactylusvirginicu  found along western Atlantic coast
                    subtype:  #jawfish  small large-mouthed tropical marine fishes common along sandy bottoms; males brood egg balls in their mouths; popular aquarium fishes
                    subtype:  #stargazer  heavy-bodied marine bottom-lurkers with eyes on flattened top of the head
                    subtype:  #sand_stargazer  small pallid fishes of shoal tropical waters of North and South America having eyes on stalks atop head; they burrow in sand to await prey
                    subtype:  #blennioid_fish__blennioidfish__blennioid  elongated mostly scaleless marine fishes with large pectoral fins and reduced pelvic fins
                       subtype:  #combtooth_blenny__combtoothblenny__blenny  small usually scaleless fishes with comb-like teeth living about rocky shores; territorial and hole-dwelling
                          subtype:  #shanny__Blennius_pholis  European scaleless blenny
                          subtype:  #Molly_Miller__Scartella_cristata  inhabits both coasts of tropical Atlantic
                       subtype:  #clinid_fish__clinid  mostly small blennioid fishes of coral reefs and seagrass beds
                       subtype:  #pikeblenny  tropical American fishes; males are aggressively defensive of their territory
                          subtype:  #bluethroat_pikeblenny__Chaenopsis_ocellata  found from Florida to Cuba
                       subtype:  #gunnel__bracketed_blenny__bracketedblenny  small eellike fishes common in shallow waters of the North Atlantic
                          subtype:  #rock_gunnel__butterfish__Pholis_gunnellus  slippery scaleless food fish of North Atlantic coastal waters
                       subtype:  #prickleback  small elongate fishes of shallow northern seas; a long dorsal fin consists entirely of spines
                          subtype:  #snakeblenny__Lumpenus_lumpretaeformis  found in Arctic and North Atlantic
                          subtype:  #eelblenny  eellike fishes found in subarctic coastal waters
                       subtype:  #wrymouth__ghostfish__Cryptacanthodes_maculatus  eellike Atlantic bottom fish with large almost vertical mouth
                       subtype:  #wolffish__wolf_fish__catfish  large ferocious northern deep-sea food fishes with strong teeth and no pelvic fins
                       subtype:  #eelpout__pout  marine eellike mostly bottom-dwelling fishes of northern seas
                          subtype:  #viviparous_eelpout__Zoarces_viviparus  an eelpout of northern Europe that is viviparous
                          subtype:  #fish_doctor__Gymnelis_viridis  brightly colored scaleless Arctic eelpout
                          subtype:  #ocean_pout__oceanpout__Macrozoarces_americanus  common along northeastern coast of North America
                    subtype:  #goby__gudgeon  small spiny-finned fish of coastal or brackish waters having a large head and elongated tapering body having the ventral fins modified as a sucker
                       subtype:  #mudskipper__mudspringer  found in tropical coastal regions of Africa and Asia; able to move on land on strong pectoral fins
                    subtype:  #sleeper_goby__sleepergoby__sleeper  tropical fish that resembles a goby and rests quietly on the bottom in shallow water
                    subtype:  #flathead  pallid bottom-dwelling flat-headed fish with large eyes and a duck-like snout
                    subtype:  #archerfish__Toxotes_jaculatrix  any of several small freshwater fishes that catch insects by squirting water at them and knocking them into the water; found in Indonesia and Australia
                    subtype:  #wormfish  poorly known family of small tropical shallow-water fishes related to gobies
                    subtype:  #surgeonfish  brightly colored coral-reef fish with knifelike spines at the tail
                       subtype:  #doctorfish__Acanthurus_chirurgus  surgeon fish of the West Indies
                    subtype:  #gempylid  snake mackerels; elongated marine fishes with oily flesh; resembles mackerels; found worldwide
                       subtype:  #snake_mackerel__snakemackerel__Gempylus_serpens  predatory tropical fishes with jutting jaws and strong teeth
                       subtype:  #escolar__Lepidocybium_flavobrunneum  large snake mackerel with rings like spectacles around its eyes
                       subtype:  #oilfish__ruvettuspretiosu  very large deep-water snake mackerel
                    subtype:  #cutlassfish__frost_fish__frostfish__hairtail  long-bodied marine fishes having a long whiplike scaleless body and sharp teeth; closely related to snake mackerel
                    subtype:  #scombroid_fish__scombroidfish__scombroid  important marine food and game fishes found in all tropical and temperate seas; some are at least partially endothermic and can thrive in colder waters
                       subtype:  #mackerel  any of various fishes of the family Scombridae
                          subtype:  #common_mackerel__shiner__Scomber_scombrus  important food fish of the North Atlantic and Mediterranean; its body is greenish-blue with dark bars and small if any scales
                          subtype:  #Scomber_colias__Spanish_mackerel  medium-sized mackerel of temperate Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
                          subtype:  #chub_mackerel__tinker__Scomber_japonicus  small mackerel found nearly worldwide
                          subtype:  #Acanthocybium_solandri__wahoo  large fast-moving predacious food and game fish; found worldwide
                          subtype:  #Spanish_mackerel  any of several large marine food fishes of the genus Scomberomorus
                             subtype:  #king_mackerel__cavalla__cero__Scomberomorus_cavalla  large mackerel with long pointed snout; important food and game fish of the eastern Atlantic coast south to Brazil
                             subtype:  #Scomberomorus_maculatus  large commercially important mackerel of American Atlantic coastal waters
                             subtype:  #cero__pintado__kingfish__Scomberomorus_regalis  large edible mackerel of temperate United States coastal Atlantic waters
                             subtype:  #Scomberomorus_sierra__sierra  a Spanish mackerel of western North America
                       subtype:  #tuna__tunny  any very large marine food and game fish of the genus Thunnus; related to mackerel; chiefly of warm waters
                       subtype:  #bonito  any of various scombroid fishes intermediate in size and characteristics between mackerels and tunas
                          subtype:  #skipjack__Atlantic_bonito__Sarda_sarda  medium-sized tuna-like food fish of warm Atlantic and Pacific waters; less valued than tuna
                          subtype:  #Chile_bonito__Chilean_bonito__Sarda_chiliensis  common bonito of Pacific coast of the Americas; its dark oily flesh cans well
                          subtype:  #Pacific_bonito__Sarda_lineolata__sardalineolata  probably a northern strain of Chile bonito
                       subtype:  #skipjack_tuna__skipjack__Euthynnus_pelamis  oceanic schooling tuna of considerable value in Pacific but less in Atlantic; reaches 75 pounds; very similar to if not the same as oceanic bonito
                       subtype:  #oceanic_bonito__oceanicbonito__bonito__Katsuwonus_pelamis  fish whose flesh is dried and flaked for Japanese cookery; may be same species as skipjack tuna
                       subtype:  #Xiphias_gladius__swordfish  large toothless marine food fish with a long swordlike upper jaw; not completely cold-blooded i.e. they are able to warm their brains and eyes: worldwide in warm waters but feed on cold ocean floor coming to surface at night
                       subtype:  #sailfish  large pelagic game fish having an elongated upper jaw and long sail-like dorsal fin
                          subtype:  #Atlantic_sailfish__Istiophorus_albicans  a kind of sailfish
                       subtype:  #billfish  giant warm-water game fish having a prolonged and rounded toothless upper jaw
                          subtype:  #marlin__spearfish  large long-jawed oceanic sport fishes; related to sailfishes and spearfishes; not completely cold-blooded i.e. able to warm their brains and eyes
                             subtype:  #blue_marlin__Makaira_nigricans  largest marlin; may reach 2000 pounds; found worldwide in warm seas
                             subtype:  #Makaira_mazara__black_marlin__blackmarlin  Pacific marlin
                             subtype:  #black_marlin__blackmarlin__Makaira_marlina  Pacific marlin
                             subtype:  #striped_marlin__stripedmarlin__Makaira_mitsukurii  Pacific food and game fish marked with dark blue vertical stripes
                             subtype:  #white_marlin__whitemarlin__Makaira_albida  small marlin (to 180 pounds) of western Atlantic
                          subtype:  #spearfish  any of several large vigorous pelagic fishes resembling sailfishes but with first dorsal fin much reduced; worldwide but rare
                       subtype:  #louvar__Luvarus_imperialis  large silvery fish found worldwide in warm seas but nowhere common; resembles a whale and feeds on plankton
                       subtype:  #squaretail  sluggish square-tailed fish armored with tough bony scales; of deep warm waters
                    subtype:  #stromateid_fish__butterfish__stromateid  small marine fish with a short smooth-scaled compressed body and feeble spines
                       subtype:  #dollarfish__Poronotus_triacanthus  small food fish of Atlantic coast
                       subtype:  #palometa__California_pompano__Palometa_simillima  smaller than Florida pompano; common in West Indies
                       subtype:  #harvestfish__Paprilus_alepidotus  butterfish up to a foot long of Atlantic waters from Chesapeake Bay to Argentina
                       subtype:  #driftfish  small (6 inches) tropical butterfishes found worldwide
                       subtype:  #driftfish.stromateid_fish  larger driftfishes of eastern Atlantic from the New York area to the northern Gulf of Mexico
                       subtype:  #barrelfish__black_rudderfish__blackrudderfish__Hyperglyphe_perciformis  blackish fish of New England waters
                    subtype:  #clingfish  very small (to 3 inches) flattened marine fish with a sucking disc on the abdomen for clinging to rocks etc.
                       subtype:  #skilletfish__gobiesoxstrumosu  clingfish with typical skillet shape
                    subtype:  #tripletail  large food fish of warm waters worldwide having long anal and dorsal fins that with caudal fin suggest a three-lobed tail
                       subtype:  #Atlantic_tripletail__Lobotes_surinamensis  tripletail found from Cape Cod to northern South America
                       subtype:  #Pacific_tripletail__Lobotes_pacificus  tripletail found in the Pacific
                    subtype:  #mojarra  small silvery schooling fishes with protrusible mouths found in warm coastal waters
                       subtype:  #yellowfin_mojarra__yellowfinmojarra__Gerres_cinereus  popular panfish from Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
                       subtype:  #silver_jenny__Eucinostomus_gula  silvery mojarra found along sandy shores of the western Atlantic
                    subtype:  #whiting.percoid_fish  a small fish of the genus Sillago; excellent food fish
                 subtype:  #remora__suckerfish__sucking_fish__suckingfish  marine fishes with a flattened elongated body and a sucking disk on the head for attaching to large fish or moving objects
                    subtype:  #sharksucker__Echeneis_naucrates  remoras found attached to sharks
                    subtype:  #whalesucker__Remilegia_australis  large blue Pacific remora that attaches to whales and dolphins
                 subtype:  #silverside__silversides  small fishes having a silver stripe along each side; found along the Atlantic coast of the United States
                    subtype:  #jacksmelt__Atherinopsis_californiensis  large silversides of Pacific coast of North America
                 subtype:  #barracuda  any voracious marine fish of the genus Sphyraena having an elongated cylindrical body and large mouth with projecting lower jaw and long strong teeth
                    subtype:  #great_barracuda__greatbarracuda__Sphyraena_barracuda  large (up to 6 ft) grayish-brown barracuda highly regarded as a food and sport fish; may be dangerous to swimmers
                 subtype:  #sand_lance__sand_launce__sand_eel__launce  very small silvery eellike schooling fishes that burrow into sandy beaches
                 subtype:  #dragonet  small often brightly colored scaleless marine bottom-dwellers; found in tropical and warm-temperate waters of Europe and America
                 subtype:  #scorpaenoid_fish__scorpaenoidfish__scorpaenoid  fishes having the the head armored with bony plates
                    subtype:  #Ophiodon_elongatus__lingcod  food fish of Northern Pacific waters related to greenlings
                    subtype:  #scorpaenid_fish__scorpaenid  any of numerous carnivorous usually bottom-dwelling warm-water marine fishes found worldwide but most abundant in the Pacific
                       subtype:  #scorpionfish__scorpion_fish__sea_scorpion__seascorpion  marine fishes having a tapering body with an armored head and venomous spines
                          subtype:  #plumed_scorpionfish__Scorpaena_grandicornis  a kind of scorpionfish
                       subtype:  #lionfish  brightly striped fish of the tropical Pacific having elongated spiny fins
                       subtype:  #stonefish__Synanceja_verrucosa  venomous tropical marine fish resembling a piece of rock
                       subtype:  #rockfish  marine food fish found among rocks along the northern coasts of Europe and America
                          subtype:  #copper_rockfish__Sebastodes_caurinus  of North American Pacific coastal waters
                          subtype:  #vermillion_rockfish__rasher__Sebastodes_miniatus  commercially important fish of the North American Pacific coast
                          subtype:  #Sebastodes_ruberrimus__red_rockfish__redrockfish  large fish of North American Pacific coast
                          subtype:  #Sebastodes_marinus__rosefish__ocean_perch__oceanperch  large fish of northern Atlantic coasts of America and Europe
                    subtype:  #sculpin  any of numerous spiny large-headed broad-mouthed usually scaleless scorpaenoid fishes
                       subtype:  #bullhead.sculpin  freshwater sculpin with a large flattened bony-plated head with hornlike spines
                       subtype:  #miller's-thumb  small freshwater sculpin of Europe and North America
                       subtype:  #sea_raven__searaven__Hemitripterus_americanus  large sculpin of western Atlantic; inflates itself when caught
                       subtype:  #grubby__Myxocephalus_aenaeus  small sculpin of the coast of New England
                    subtype:  #lumpfish__Cyclopterus_lumpus  clumsy soft thick-bodied North Atlantic fish with pelvic fins fused into a sucker; edible roe used for caviar
                       subtype:  #lumpsucker  any of several very small lumpfishes
                    subtype:  #snailfish__seasnail__sea_snail__seasnail__Liparis_liparis  small tadpole-shaped cold-water fishes with pelvic fins forming a sucker; related to lumpfish
                    subtype:  #sea_poacher__seapoacher__poacher__sea_poker__seapoker  small slender fish (to 8 inches) with body covered by bony plates; chiefly of deeper north Pacific waters
                       subtype:  #pogge__armed_bullhead__armedbullhead__Agonus_cataphractus  North Atlantic sea poacher
                       subtype:  #alligatorfish__Aspidophoroides_monopterygius  small very elongate sea poachers
                    subtype:  #greenling  food fish of the northern Pacific
                       subtype:  #kelp_greenling__Hexagrammos_decagrammus  common food and sport fish of western coast of North America
                       subtype:  #painted_greenling__paintedgreenling__convictfish__Oxylebius_pictus  greenling with whitish body marked with black bands
                    subtype:  #flathead.scorpaenoid_fish  food fish of the Indonesian region of the Pacific; resembles gurnards
                    subtype:  #gurnard  bottom-dwelling coastal fishes with spiny armored heads and fingerlike pectoral fins used for crawling along the sea bottom
                       subtype:  #tub_gurnard__tubgurnard__yellow_gurnard__Trigla_lucerna  a kind of gurnard
                       subtype:  #sea_robin__searobin__searobin  American gurnard; mostly found in bays and estuaries
                          subtype:  #northern_sea_robin__Prionotus_carolinus  large searobin; found from Nova Scotia to Florida
                          subtype:  #armored_searobin__armoredsearobin__armored_sea_robin__armoredsearobin__Peristedion_miniatum  sea robins having bony scutes on the body and barbels on the chin; found mostly on the continental slope
                    subtype:  #flying_gurnard__flying_robin__butterflyfish  tropical fish with huge fanlike pectoral fins for underwater gliding; unrelated to searobins
                 subtype:  #plectognath_fish__plectognathfish__plectognath  tropical marine fishes having the teeth fused into a beak and thick skin covered with bony plates or spines
                    subtype:  #triggerfish  any of numerous compressed deep-bodied tropical fishes with sandpapery skin and erectile spines in the first dorsal fin
                       subtype:  #queen_triggerfish__queentriggerfish__Bessy_cerca__oldwench__oldwife__balistesvetula  tropical Atlantic fish
                    subtype:  #filefish  narrow flattened warm-water fishes with leathery skin and a long file-like dorsal spine
                       subtype:  #leatherfish__leatherjacket  any of several brightly colored tropical filefishes
                    subtype:  #boxfish__trunkfish  any of numerous small tropical fishes having body and head encased in bony plates
                       subtype:  #cowfish__Lactophrys_quadricornis  trunkfish having hornlike spines over the eyes
                    subtype:  #puffer__blowfish__globefish  any of numerous marine fishes whose elongated spiny body can inflate itself with water or air to form a globe; several species contain a potent nerve poison; closely related to spiny puffers
                    subtype:  #spiny_puffer__spinypuffer  puffers having rigid or erectile spines
                       subtype:  #porcupinefish__porcupine_fish__porcupinefish__Diodon_hystrix  spines become erect when the body is inflated; worldwide in warm waters
                       subtype:  #balloonfish__Diodon_holocanthus  similar to but smaller than porcupinefish
                       subtype:  #burrfish  any of several fishes having rigid flattened spines
                    subtype:  #ocean_sunfish__oceansunfish__sunfish__headfish  among the largest bony fish; pelagic fish having an oval compressed body with high dorsal and anal fins and caudal fin reduced to a rudder-like lobe; worldwide in warm waters
                       subtype:  #sharptail_mola__sharptailmola__Mola_lanceolata  caudal fin has a central projection
                 subtype:  #flatfish  any of several families of fishes having flattened bodies that swim along the sea floor on one side of the body with both eyes on the upper side
                    subtype:  #flounder.flatfish  any of various European and non-European marine flatfish
                    subtype:  #righteye_flounder__righteyed_flounder__righteyedflounder  flounders with both eyes on the right side of the head
                       subtype:  #Pleuronectes_platessa__plaice  large European food fish
                       subtype:  #European_flatfish__Platichthys_flesus  important food fish of Europe
                       subtype:  #Limanda_ferruginea__yellowtail_flounder  American flounder having a yellowish tail
                       subtype:  #blackback_flounder__blackbackflounder__winter_flounder__lemon_sole__lemonsole__Pseudopleuronectes_americanus  important American food fish in the winter
                       subtype:  #Microstomus_kitt__lemon_sole__lemonsole  European flatfish highly valued as food
                       subtype:  #American_plaice__Hippoglossoides_platessoides  large American food fish
                       subtype:  #Atlantic_halibut__Hippoglossus_hippoglossus  largest United States flatfish
                       subtype:  #Pacific_halibut__Hippoglossus_stenolepsis  a righteye flounder found in the Pacific
                    subtype:  #holibut  marine food fish of North Atlantic or North Pacific; the largest flatfish and one of the largest teleost fishes
                    subtype:  #lefteye_flounder__lefteyeflounder__lefteyed_flounder  flatfishes with both eyes on the left side of the head
                       subtype:  #southern_flounder__Paralichthys_lethostigmus  flounder of southern United States
                       subtype:  #summer_flounder__Paralichthys_dentatus  flounder of eastern coast of North America
                       subtype:  #gray_flounder__Etropus_rimosus  flounder found from North Carolina to Florida and the eastern Gulf of Mexico
                       subtype:  #whiff.lefteye_flounder  a lefteye flounder found in coastal waters from New England to Brazil
                          subtype:  #horned_whiff__Citharichthys_cornutus  whiff found in waters from the Bahamas and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
                       subtype:  #sand_dab  small food fishes of the Pacific coast of North America
                       subtype:  #Scophthalmus_aquosus__windowpane  very thin translucent flounder of the Atlantic coast of North America
                       subtype:  #brill__scophthalmusrhombu  European food fish
                       subtype:  #Psetta_maxima__turbot  a large brownish European flatfish
                    subtype:  #tonguefish  left-eyed marine flatfish whose tail tapers to a point; of little commercial value
                    subtype:  #sole.flatfish  right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European
              subtype:  #sweeper  little-known nocturnal fish of warm shallow seas with an oblong compressed body
              subtype:  #ganoid_fish__ganoid  primitive fishes having thick bony scales with a shiny covering
                 subtype:  #bowfin__grindle__Amia_calva  primitive long-bodies carnivorous freshwater fish with a very long dorsal fin; found in sluggish waters of North America
                 subtype:  #paddlefish__duckbill__Polyodon_spathula  primitive fish of the Mississippi valley having a long paddle-shaped snout
                 subtype:  #Chinese_paddlefish__Psephurus_gladis  fish of larger rivers of China similar to the Mississippi paddlefish
                 subtype:  #sturgeon  large primitive fishes valued for their flesh and roe; widely distributed in north temperate zone
                    subtype:  #Pacific_sturgeon__white_sturgeon__whitesturgeon__Sacramento_sturgeon__Acipenser_transmontanus  food and game fish of marine and fresh waters of northwestern coast of North America
                    subtype:  #beluga__hausen__white_sturgeon__whitesturgeon__Acipenser_huso  valuable source of caviar and isinglass; found in Black and Caspian seas
                 subtype:  #gar__garfish__garpike__billfish__Lepisosteus_osseus  primitive predaceous North American fish covered with hard scales and having long jaws with needle-like teeth
  subtype:  #gnathostome  a vertebrate animal possessing true jaws
  subtype:  #bird  warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings
     subtype:  #dickeybird__dickybird  (informal) small bird; adults talking to children sometimes call small birds dickeybirds
     subtype:  #cock  adult male bird
        subtype:  #gamecock__fighting_cock  a cock bred and trained for fighting
     subtype:  #hen  adult female bird
     subtype:  #night_bird__nightbird  any bird associated with night: owl; nightingale; nighthawk; etc
        subtype:  #night_raven__nightraven  any bird that cries at night
     subtype:  #bird_of_passage  any bird that migrates seasonally
     subtype:  #protoavis__protoavi  most primitive avian type known; extinct bird of the Triassic having birdlike jaw and hollow limbs and breastbone with dinosaur-like tail and hind limbs
     subtype:  #archaeopteryx__archeopteryx__Archaeopteryx_lithographica  extinct primitive toothed bird of the Upper Jurassic having a long feathered tail and hollow bones; usually considered the most primitive of all birds
     subtype:  #Sinornis  sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous having a keeled breastbone and vestigial tail; found in China; considered possibly the second most primitive of all birds
     subtype:  #Ibero-mesornis  sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Lower Cretaceous having a vestigial tail; found in Spain; considered possibly the third most primitive of all birds
     subtype:  #archaeornis__archaeorni  extinct primitive toothed bird with a long feathered tail and three free clawed digits on each wing
     subtype:  #ratite_bird__ratite__flightless_bird  flightless birds having flat breastbones lacking a keel for attachment of flight muscles: ostriches; cassowaries; emus; moas; rheas; kiwis; elephant birds
        subtype:  #ostrich__struthiocamelu  fast-running African flightless bird with two-toed feet; largest living bird
        subtype:  #cassowary  large black flightless bird of Australia and New Guinea having a horny head crest
        subtype:  #emu__Dromaius_novaehollandiae__Emu_novaehollandiae  large Australian flightless bird similar to the ostrich but smaller
        subtype:  #kiwi__apteryx  nocturnal flightless bird of New Zealand having a long neck and stout legs; only surviving representative of the order Apterygiformes
        subtype:  #Rhea_americana__rhea  larger of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Brazil to Patagonia
        subtype:  #rhea__nandu__Pterocnemia_pennata  smaller of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Peru to Straits of Magellan
        subtype:  #elephant_bird__aepyornis__aepyorni  huge (to 9 ft.) extinct flightless bird of Madagascar
        subtype:  #moa  extinct flightless bird of New Zealand
           subtype:  #giant_moa__giantmoa__Dinornis_giganteus  the largest moa; about 12 feet high
           subtype:  #anomalopteryx__Anomalopteryx_oweni  the smallest moa; slender moa about the size of a large turkey
     subtype:  #carinate_bird__carinate__flying_bird  birds having keeled breastbones for attachment of flight muscles
     subtype:  #passerine__passeriform_bird__passeriformbird  perching birds mostly small and living near the ground with feet having 4 toes arranged to allow for gripping the perch; most are songbirds; hatchlings are helpless
        subtype:  #oscine_bird__oscine  passerine bird having specialized vocal apparatus
           subtype:  #songbird__songster  any bird having a musical call
           subtype:  #honey_eater__honeyeater__honeysucker  Australasian bird with tongue and bill adapted for extracting nectar
           subtype:  #accentor  small sparrow-like songbird of mountainous regions of Eurasia
              subtype:  #hedge_sparrow__sparrow__dunnock__Prunella_modularis  small brownish European songbird
           subtype:  #lark  any of numerous predominantly Old World birds noted for their singing
              subtype:  #skylark__alaudaarvensi  brown-speckled European lark noted for singing while hovering at a great height
           subtype:  #wagtail  Old World bird having a very long tail that jerks up and down as it walks
           subtype:  #pipit__titlark__lark  small songbirds resembling larks
              subtype:  #meadow_pipit__Anthus_pratensis  a common pipit that is brown above and white below; widely distributed in northern and central Europe and in Asia
           subtype:  #finch  any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds
              subtype:  #chaffinch__Fringilla_coelebs  small European finch with a cheerful song
              subtype:  #brambling__Fringilla_montifringilla  Eurasian finch
              subtype:  #goldfinch__Carduelis_carduelis  small European finch having a crimson face and yellow-and-black wings
              subtype:  #linnet__Carduelis_cannabina  small Old World finch whose male has a red breast and forehead
              subtype:  #siskin__Carduelis_spinus  small sharp-billed yellow-and-black Eurasian finch
              subtype:  #red_siskin__redsiskin__Carduelis_cucullata  South American species of scarlet finch with black head and wings and tail
              subtype:  #Carduelis_flammea__redpoll  small siskin-like finch with a red crown
              subtype:  #redpoll__Carduelis_hornemanni  small siskin-like finch with a red crown
              subtype:  #New_world_goldfinch__goldfinch__yellowbird__Spinus_tristis  American finch whose male has yellow body plumage in summer
              subtype:  #pine_siskin__pine_finch__Spinus_pinus  small finch of North American coniferous forests
              subtype:  #house_finch__housefinch__linnet__Carpodacus_mexicanus  small finch originally of the western United States and Mexico
              subtype:  #purple_finch__Carpodacus_purpureus  North American finch having a raspberry-red head and breast and rump
              subtype:  #canary_bird__canary  any of several small Old World finches
                 subtype:  #common_canary__Serinus_canaria  native to the Canary Islands and Azores; popular usually yellow cage bird noted for its song
              subtype:  #serin  any of various brown and yellow finches of pats of Europe
              subtype:  #crossbill__Loxia_curvirostra  finch with a bill whose tips cross when closed
              subtype:  #bullfinch__Pyrrhula_pyrrhula  common European finch mostly black and white with red throat and breast
              subtype:  #junco__snowbird  small North American finch seen chiefly in winter
                 subtype:  #dark-eyed_junco__slate-colored_junco__slatecoloredjunco__Junco_hyemalis  common North American junco having gray plumage and eyes with dark brown irises
              subtype:  #New_World_sparrow  sparrow-like North American finches
                 subtype:  #vesper_sparrow__grass_finch__grassfinch__Pooecetes_gramineus  common North American finch noted for its evening song
                 subtype:  #white-throated_sparrow__whitethroat__Zonotrichia_albicollis  common North American finch with a white patch on the throat and black-and-white striped crown
                 subtype:  #white-crowned_sparrow__whitecrownedsparrow__Zonotrichia_leucophrys  finch with black-and-white striped crown
                 subtype:  #chipping_sparrow__Spizella_passerina  small North American finch common in urban areas
                 subtype:  #field_sparrow__fieldsparrow__Spizella_pusilla  common North American finch of brushy pasturelands
                 subtype:  #Spizella_arborea__tree_sparrow  finch common in winter in the northern U.S.
                 subtype:  #song_sparrow__Melospiza_melodia  small songbird common in North America
                 subtype:  #swamp_sparrow__swampsparrow__Melospiza_georgiana  North American finch of marshy area
              subtype:  #bunting  any of numerous seed-eating songbirds of Europe or North America
                 subtype:  #indigo_bunting__indigo_finch__indigo_bird__Passerina_cyanea  small deep blue North American bunting
                 subtype:  #ortolan_bunting__ortolanbunting__ortolan__Emberiza_hortulana  brownish Old World bunting often eaten as a delicacy
                 subtype:  #reed_bunting__Emberiza_schoeniclus  European bunting inhabiting marshy areas
                 subtype:  #yellowhammer__yellow_bunting__Emberiza_citrinella  European bunting the male being bright yellow
                 subtype:  #yellow-breasted_bunting__Emberiza_aureola  common in Russia and Siberia
                 subtype:  #snow_bunting__snowbird__snowflake__Plectrophenax_nivalis  white arctic bunting
              subtype:  #grosbeak__grossbeak  any of various finches of Europe or America having a massive and powerful bill
                 subtype:  #evening_grosbeak__eveninggrosbeak__Hesperiphona_vespertina  North American grosbeak
                 subtype:  #hawfinch__Coccothraustes_coccothraustes  a common large finch of Eurasia
                 subtype:  #pine_grosbeak__Pinicola_enucleator  large grosbeak of coniferous forests of Old and New Worlds
              subtype:  #cardinal_grosbeak__cardinal__Richmondena_Cardinalis__Cardinalis_cardinalis__redbird  crested thick-billed North American finch having bright red plumage in the male
              subtype:  #pyrrhuloxia__Pyrrhuloxia_sinuata  crested gray-and-red bird of southwest United States and Mexico
              subtype:  #towhee  any of numerous long-tailed American finches
                 subtype:  #chewink__Pipilo_erythrophthalmus  common towhee of eastern North America
                 subtype:  #green-tailed_towhee__Chlorura_chlorura  towhee of the Rocky mountain region
              subtype:  #Hawaiian_honeycreeper__honeycreeper  small to medium-sized finches of the Hawaiian islands
                 subtype:  #mamo  black honeycreepers with yellow feathers around the tail; now extinct
           subtype:  #honeycreeper  small bright-colored tropical American songbird with a curved bill for sucking nectar
              subtype:  #banana_quit  any of several honeycreepers
           subtype:  #weaver_finch__weaver__weaverbird  finch-like African and Asian colonial birds noted for their elaborately woven nests
              subtype:  #baya__Ploceus_philippinus  common Indian weaverbird
              subtype:  #whydah__whidah__widow_bird__widowbird  mostly black African weaverbird
              subtype:  #Java_sparrow__Java_finch__ricebird__Padda_oryzivora  small finch-like Indonesian weaverbird that frequents rice fields
              subtype:  #avadavat__amadavat  red Asian weaverbirds often kept as cage birds
              subtype:  #grassfinch__grass_finch__grassfinch  usually brightly-colored Australian weaverbirds; often kept as cage birds
                 subtype:  #zebra_finch__zebrafinch__Poephila_castanotis  small Australian weaverbird with markings like a zebra's
           subtype:  #Old_World_flycatcher__true_flycatcher__flycatcher  any of a large group of small songbirds that feed on insects taken on the wing
              subtype:  #spotted_flycatcher__spottedflycatcher__Muscicapa_striata__Muscicapa_grisola  common European woodland flycatcher with grayish-brown plumage
              subtype:  #thickhead__whistler  Australian and southeastern Asian birds with a melodious whistling call
           subtype:  #thrush  songbirds characteristically having brownish upper plumage with a spotted breast
              subtype:  #missel_thrush__mistle_thrush__mistletoe_thrush__mistletoethrush__Turdus_viscivorus  large European thrush that feeds on mistletoe berries
              subtype:  #song_thrush__mavis__mavi__throstle__Turdus_philomelos  common Old World thrush noted for its song
              subtype:  #fieldfare__snowbird__Turdus_pilaris  medium-sized Eurasian thrush seen chiefly in winter
              subtype:  #redwing__Turdus_iliacus  small European thrush having reddish flanks
              subtype:  #European_blackbird__blackbird__merl__merle__ouzel__ousel__Turdus_merula  common black European thrush
              subtype:  #ring_ouzel__ring_blackbird__ring_thrush__Turdus_torquatus  European thrush common in rocky areas; the male has blackish plumage with a white band around the neck
              subtype:  #American_robin__robin__Turdus_migratorius  large American thrush having a rust-red breast and abdomen
              subtype:  #clay-colored_robin__Turdus_grayi  robin of Mexico and Central America
              subtype:  #hermit_thrush__Hylocichla_guttata  North American thrush noted for its complex and appealing song
              subtype:  #veery__Wilson's_thrush__Hylocichla_fuscescens  tawny brown North American thrush noted for its song
              subtype:  #wood_thrush__Hylocichla_mustelina  large thrush common in eastern American woodlands; noted for its melodious song
              subtype:  #nightingale__lusciniamegarhyncho  European songbird noted for its melodious nocturnal song
                 subtype:  #bulbul  nightingale spoken of in Persian poetry
              subtype:  #thrush_nightingale__Luscinia_luscinia  large nightingale of eastern Europe
              subtype:  #Old_World_chat__chat  songbirds having a chattering call
                 subtype:  #stonechat__Saxicola_torquata  common European chat with black plumage and a reddish-brown breast
                 subtype:  #whinchat__Saxicola_rubetra  brown-and-buff European songbird of grassy meadows
              subtype:  #solitaire  dull gray North American thrushes noted for its beautiful song
              subtype:  #redstart__redtail  European songbird with a reddish breast and tail; related to Old World robins
              subtype:  #wheatear  small songbird of northern America and Eurasia having a distinctive white rump
              subtype:  #bluebird  blue North American songbird
              subtype:  #robin_redbreast__robinredbreast__robin__redbreast__Old_World_robin__Erithacus_rubecola  small Old World songbird with a reddish breast
              subtype:  #bluethroat__Erithacus_svecicus  songbird of northern Europe and Asia
           subtype:  #warbler  a small active songbird
              subtype:  #gnatcatcher  very small North and South American warblers
              subtype:  #kinglet  small birds resembling warblers but having some of the habits of titmice
                 subtype:  #goldcrest__golden-crested_kinglet__Regulus_regulus  European kinglet with a black-bordered yellow crown patch
                 subtype:  #gold-crowned_kinglet__Regulus_satrata  American golden-crested kinglet
                 subtype:  #ruby-crowned_kinglet__ruby-crowned_wren__Regulus_calendula  American kinglet with a notable song and in the male a red crown patch
              subtype:  #Old_World_warbler__true_warbler  small active brownish or grayish Old World birds
                 subtype:  #blackcap__Silvia_atricapilla  small brownish-gray warbler with a black crown
                 subtype:  #wood_warbler__Phylloscopus_sibilatrix  European woodland warbler with dull yellow plumage
                 subtype:  #sedge_warbler__sedgewarbler__sedge_bird__sedgebird__sedge_wren__sedgewren__reedbird__Acrocephalus_schoenobaenus  small European warbler that breeds among reeds and wedges and winters in Africa
                 subtype:  #wren_warbler  small Asiatic and African bird; constructs nests like those of tailorbirds
                 subtype:  #tailorbird__Orthotomus_sutorius  tropical Asian warbler that stitches leaves together to form and conceal its nest
              subtype:  #greater_whitethroat__whitethroat__Sylvia_communis  grayish-brown Old World warbler with a white throat and underparts
              subtype:  #lesser_whitethroat__whitethroat__Sylvia_curruca  Old World warbler similar to the greater whitethroat but smaller
              subtype:  #New_World_warbler__wood_warbler  small bright-colored American songbird with a weak unmusical song
                 subtype:  #parula_warbler__northern_parula__Parula_americana  small gray-blue wood warbler with yellow throat and breast; of eastern North America
                 subtype:  #Wilson's_warbler__Wilson's_blackcap__Wilsonia_pusilla  yellow wood warbler with a black crown
                 subtype:  #flycatching_warbler__flycatchingwarbler  any of numerous American wood warblers that feed on insects caught on the wing
                    subtype:  #American_redstart__redstart__Setophaga_ruticilla  flycatching warbler of eastern North America the male having bright orange on sides and wings and tail
                 subtype:  #Cape_May_warbler__Dendroica_tigrina  North American wood warbler; olive green and yellow striped with black
                 subtype:  #yellow_warbler__golden_warbler__yellowbird__Dendroica_petechia  yellow-throated American wood warbler
                 subtype:  #Blackburn__Blackburnian_warbler__Dendroica_fusca  black-and-white North American wood warbler having an orange-and-black head and throat
                 subtype:  #Audubon's_warbler__Audubon_warbler__Dendroica_auduboni  common warbler of western North America
                 subtype:  #myrtle_warbler__myrtle_bird__Dendroica_coronata  similar to Audubon's warbler
                 subtype:  #blackpoll__Dendroica_striate  North American warbler having a black-and-white head
                 subtype:  #New_World_chat__chat  birds having a chattering call
                    subtype:  #yellow-breasted_chat__Icteria_virens  American warbler noted for imitating songs of other birds
                 subtype:  #Seiurus_aurocapillus__ovenbird  American warbler; builds a dome-shaped nest on the ground
                 subtype:  #water_thrush__waterthrush  brownish North American warbler found near streams
                 subtype:  #yellowthroat  small olive-colored American warblers with yellow breast and throat
                    subtype:  #common_yellowthroat__Maryland_yellowthroat__Geothlypis_trichas  an American warbler
           subtype:  #babbler__cackler  any of various insectivorous Old World birds with a loud incessant song; in some classifications considered members of the family Muscicapidae
           subtype:  #bird_of_paradise  any of numerous brilliantly colored plumed birds of the New Guinea area
              subtype:  #riflebird__Ptloris_paradisea  velvety black Australian bird of paradise with green and purple iridescence on head and tail
           subtype:  #New_World_oriole__American_oriole__oriole  American songbird; male is black and orange or yellow
              subtype:  #northern_oriole__Icterus_galbula  a kind of New World oriole
                 subtype:  #Baltimore_oriole__Baltimore_bird__hangbird__firebird__Icterus_galbula_galbula  eastern subspecies of northern oriole
                 subtype:  #Bullock's_oriole__Icterus_galbula_bullockii  western subspecies of northern oriole
              subtype:  #orchard_oriole__orchardoriole__Icterus_spurius  the male is chestnut-and-black
              subtype:  #meadowlark__lark  North American yellow-breasted songbirds
                 subtype:  #eastern_meadowlark__easternmeadowlark__Sturnella_magna  a meadowlark of eastern North America
                 subtype:  #western_meadowlark__westernmeadowlark__Sturnella_neglecta  a meadowlark of western North America
              subtype:  #cacique__cazique  black-and-red or black-and-yellow orioles of the American tropics
              subtype:  #bobolink__ricebird__reedbird__Dolichonyx_oryzivorus  migratory American songbird
              subtype:  #New_World_blackbird__blackbird  any bird of the family Icteridae whose male is black or predominantly black
                 subtype:  #grackle__crowblackbird  long-tailed American blackbird having iridescent black plumage
                    subtype:  #purple_grackle__Quiscalus_quiscula  eastern United States grackle
                 subtype:  #rusty_blackbird__rusty_grackle__rustygrackle__Euphagus_carilonus  North American blackbird whose bluish-black plumage is rusty-edged in the fall
                 subtype:  #cowbird  North American blackbird that follows cattle and lays eggs in other birds' nests
                 subtype:  #red-winged_blackbird__redwing__Agelaius_phoeniceus  North American blackbird with scarlet patches on the wings
           subtype:  #Old_World_oriole__oriole  mostly tropical songbird; the male is usually bright orange and black
              subtype:  #golden_oriole__Oriolus_oriolus  bright yellow songbird with black wings
              subtype:  #fig-bird__figbird  greenish-yellow Australian oriole feeding chiefly on figs and other fruits
           subtype:  #starling  gregarious birds native to the Old World
              subtype:  #common_starling__Sturnus_vulgaris  gregarious bird having plumage with dark metallic gloss; builds nests around dwellings and other structures; naturalized worldwide
              subtype:  #rose-colored_starling__rose-colored_pastor__Pastor_sturnus__Pastor_roseus  glossy black bird with pink back and abdomen; chiefly Asian
              subtype:  #myna_bird__myna__mynah__mina__minah__mynah_bird__mynahbird  tropical Asian starlings
                 subtype:  #crested_myna__crestedmyna__Acridotheres_tristis  dark brown crested bird of southeastern Asia
                 subtype:  #hill_myna__Indian_grackle__grackle__graculareligiosa  glossy black Asiatic starling often taught to mimic speech
           subtype:  #corvine_bird__corvinebird  birds of the crow family
              subtype:  #crow  black birds having a raucous call
                 subtype:  #American_crow__Corvus_brachyrhyncos  common crow of N. America
              subtype:  #raven__Corvus_corax  large black bird with a straight bill and long wedge-shaped tail
              subtype:  #Corvus_frugilegus__rook  common gregarious Old World bird about the size and color of the American crow
              subtype:  #jackdaw__daw__Corvus_monedula  common black-and-gray Eurasian bird noted for thievery
              subtype:  #chough  a European corvine bird of small or medium size with red legs and glossy black plumage
              subtype:  #jay  crested largely blue bird
                 subtype:  #Old_World_jay  a European jay
                    subtype:  #common_European_jay__Garullus_garullus  fawn-colored jay with black-and-white crest and blue-and-black wings
                 subtype:  #New_World_jay  a North American jay
                    subtype:  #blue_jay__jaybird__Cyanocitta_cristata  common jay of eastern North America; bright blue with grey breast
                 subtype:  #Canada_jay__gray_jay__camp_robber__whisker_jack__whiskerjack__Perisoreus_canadensis  gray jay of northern North America with black-capped head and no crest; noted for boldness in thievery
                    subtype:  #Rocky_Mountain_jay__Perisoreus_canadensis_capitalis  a Canada jay with a white head; widely distributed from Montana to Arizona
              subtype:  #nutcracker  speckled birds that feed on nuts
                 subtype:  #common_nutcracker__Nucifraga_caryocatactes  Old World nutcracker
                 subtype:  #Clark's_nutcracker__Nucifraga_columbiana  nutcracker of the western United States
              subtype:  #magpie  long-tailed black-and-white bird that utters a chattering call
                 subtype:  #European_magpie__Pica_pica  common European magpie
                 subtype:  #American_magpie__Pica_pica_hudsonia  magpie of Rocky mountain regions
           subtype:  #Australian_magpie  black-and-white oscine birds that resemble magpies
              subtype:  #butcherbird.Australian_magpie  large carnivorous Australian bird with the shrike-like habit of impaling prey on thorns
              subtype:  #currawong__bell_magpie  bluish black fruit-eating bird with a bell-like call
              subtype:  #piping_crow-shrike__piping_crow__Gymnorhina_tibicen  crow-sized black-and-white bird; a good mimic often caged
           subtype:  #mockingbird__mocker__Mimus_polyglotktos  long-tailed gray-and-white songbird of the southern United States able to mimic songs of other birds
           subtype:  #blue_mockingbird__Melanotis_caerulescens  mockingbird of Mexico
           subtype:  #gray_catbird__catbird__Dumetella_carolinensis  North American songbird whose call resembles a cat's mewing
           subtype:  #thrasher__mocking_thrush__mockingthrush  thrush-like American songbird able to mimic other birdsongs
              subtype:  #brown_thrasher__brownthrasher__brown_thrush__brownthrush__Toxostoma_rufums  common large songbird of eastern United States having reddish-brown plumage
           subtype:  #New_Zealand_wren  birds of New Zealand that resemble wrens
              subtype:  #rock_wren__Xenicus_gilviventris  short-tailed bird resembling a wren
              subtype:  #rifleman_bird__Acanthisitta_chloris  small green-and-bronze bird
           subtype:  #tree_creeper__creeper  any of various small insectivorous birds of the northern hemisphere that climb about on trees
              subtype:  #brown_creeper__browncreeper__American_creeper__Certhia_americana  common American brown creeper with down-curved bill
              subtype:  #European_creeper__Certhia_familiaris  common European brown-and-buff tree creeper with down-curved bill
              subtype:  #wall_creeper__tichodrome__Tichodroma_muriaria  crimson-and-gray songbird that inhabits town walls and mountain cliffs of southern Eurasia and northern Africa
           subtype:  #nuthatch__nutcracker  any of various small short-tailed sharp-beaked birds that creep on trees and feed on small nuts and insects
              subtype:  #European_nuthatch__Sitta_europaea  a kind of nuthatch
              subtype:  #red-breasted_nuthatch__Sitta_canadensis  bluish-gray nuthatch with reddish breast; of northern coniferous forests
              subtype:  #white-breasted_nuthatch__Sitta_carolinensis  bluish-gray nuthatch with black head and white breast; of eastern North America
           subtype:  #titmouse__tit  small insectivorous birds
              subtype:  #chickadee  any of various small gray-and-black songbirds of North America
                 subtype:  #black-capped_chickadee__blackcap__Parus_atricapillus  Chickadee having a dark crown
                 subtype:  #Carolina_chickadee__Parus_carolinensis  southern United States chickadee similar to the blackcap but smaller
              subtype:  #tufted_titmouse__Parus_bicolor  crested titmouse of eastern and midwestern United States
              subtype:  #blue_tit__tomtit__Parus_caeruleus  widely distributed European titmouse with bright cobalt blue wings and tail and crown of the head
              subtype:  #bushtit__bush_tit  active gray titmice of western North America
              subtype:  #wren-tit__Chamaea_fasciata  small brown bird of California resembling a wren
              subtype:  #verdin__Auriparus_flaviceps  very small yellow-headed titmouse of Western North America
           subtype:  #fairy_bluebird__fairybluebird__bluebird  fruit-eating mostly brilliant blue songbird of the East Indies
           subtype:  #swallow  small long-winged songbird noted for swift graceful flight and the regularity of its migrations
              subtype:  #barn_swallow__chimney_swallow__chimneyswallow__Hirundo_rustica  common swallow of North America and Europe that nests in barns etc.
              subtype:  #cliff_swallow__cliffswallow__Hirundo_pyrrhonota  North American swallow that lives in colonies and builds bottle-shaped mud nests on cliffs and walls
              subtype:  #tree_swallow__tree_martin__Hirundo_nigricans  of Australia and Polynesia; nests in tree cavities
              subtype:  #white-bellied_swallow__whitebelliedswallow__tree_swallow__Iridoprocne_bicolor  bluish-green-and-white North American swallow; nests in tree cavities
              subtype:  #martin  any of various swallows with squarish or slightly forked tail and long pointed wings; migrate around Martinmas
                 subtype:  #house_martin__housemartin__Delichon_urbica  common small European martin that builds nests under the eaves of houses
                 subtype:  #bank_martin__bank_swallow__sand_martin__Riparia_riparia  swallow of the northern hemisphere that nests in tunnels dug in clay or sand banks
                 subtype:  #purple_martin__Progne_subis  large North American martin of which the male is blue-black
           subtype:  #wood_swallow__swallow_shrike__swallowshrike  Australasian and Asiatic bird related to the shrikes and resembling a swallow
           subtype:  #tanager  any of numerous New World woodland birds having brightly colored males
              subtype:  #scarlet_tanager__scarlettanager__Piranga_olivacea__redbird__firebird  the male is bright red with black wings and tail
              subtype:  #western_tanager__westerntanager__Piranga_ludoviciana  of western North America; male is black and yellow and orange-red
              subtype:  #summer_tanager__summer_redbird__Piranga_rubra  of middle and southern United States; male is deep rose-red the female mostly yellow
              subtype:  #hepatic_tanager__hepatictanager__Piranga_flava_hepatica  common tanager of southwestern United States and Mexico
           subtype:  #shrike  any of numerous Old World birds having a strong hooked bill that feed on smaller animals
              subtype:  #butcherbird  shrikes that impale their prey on thorns
                 subtype:  #European_shrike__Lanius_excubitor  common European butcherbird
                 subtype:  #northern_shrike__Lanius_borealis  butcherbird of northern North American
                 subtype:  #white-rumped_shrike__Lanius_ludovicianus_excubitorides  of western North America; gray with white underparts
              subtype:  #loggerhead_shrike__Lanius_lucovicianus  common shrike of southeastern United States having black eye-bands
              subtype:  #migrant_shrike__migrantshrike__Lanius_ludovicianus_migrans  of central North America; winters in Texas and the south Mississippi valley
              subtype:  #bush_shrike  African shrike
                 subtype:  #black-fronted_bush_shrike__Chlorophoneus_nigrifrons  a kind of bush shrike
           subtype:  #bowerbird__catbird  any of various birds of the Australian region whose males build ornamented structures resembling bowers in order to attract females
              subtype:  #satin_bowerbird__satinbowerbird__satin_bird__satinbird__Ptilonorhynchus_violaceus  of southeast Australia; male is glossy violet blue; female is light gray-green
              subtype:  #great_bowerbird__greatbowerbird__Chlamydera_nuchalis  large bowerbird of northern Australia
           subtype:  #water_ouzel__waterouzel__dipper  small stocky diving bird without webbed feet; frequents fast-flowing streams and feeds along the bottom
              subtype:  #European_water_ouzel__Cinclus_aquaticus  a water ouzel of Europe
              subtype:  #American_water_ouzel__Cinclus_mexicanus  a water ouzel of western North America
           subtype:  #vireo  any of various small insectivorous American birds chiefly olive-gray in color
              subtype:  #red-eyed_vireo__Vireo_olivaceous  of northern North America having red irises and a olive-gray body with white underparts
              subtype:  #solitary_vireo__Vireo_solitarius  of eastern North America having a bluish-gray head and mostly green body
              subtype:  #blue-headed_vireo__Vireo_solitarius_solitarius  common vireo of northeastern North America with bluish slaty-gray head
           subtype:  #waxwing  brown velvety-plumaged songbirds of the northern hemisphere having crested heads and red waxy wing tips
              subtype:  #cedar_waxwing__cedarwaxwing__cedarbird__bombycillacedrorun  widely distributed over temperate North America
              subtype:  #Bohemian_waxwing__Bombycilla_garrulus  large waxwing of northern North America; similar to but larger than the cedar waxwing
        subtype:  #true_sparrow__sparrow  any of several small dull-colored singing birds feeding on seeds or insects
           subtype:  #English_sparrow__house_sparrow__housesparrow__Passer_domesticus  small hardy brown-and-gray bird native to Europe
           subtype:  #tree_sparrow__Passer_montanus  Eurasian sparrow smaller than the house sparrow
        subtype:  #lyrebird  Australian bird that resembles a pheasant; the courting male displays long tail feathers in a lyre shape
        subtype:  #scrubbird__scrub_bird__scrubbird  small fast-running Australian bird resembling a wren and frequenting brush or scrub
        subtype:  #broadbill  small birds of the Old World tropics having bright plumage and short wide bills
        subtype:  #tyrannid  a passerine bird of the suborder Tyranni
           subtype:  #New_World_flycatcher__flycatcher__tyrant_flycatcher__tyrant_bird  large American birds that characteristically catch insects on the wing
              subtype:  #kingbird__Tyrannus_tyrannus  large American flycatcher
                 subtype:  #Arkansas_kingbird__western_kingbird__westernkingbird  a kingbird seen in western United States; head and back are pale gray and the breast is yellowish and the tail is black
                 subtype:  #Cassin's_kingbird__Tyrannus_vociferans  a kingbird seen in the southwestern United States; largely gray with a yellow abdomen
                 subtype:  #eastern_kingbird__easternkingbird  a kingbird that breeds in North American and winters in tropical America; distinguished by a white band on the tip of the tail
                 subtype:  #gray_kingbird__petchary__Tyrannus_domenicensis_domenicensis  a kingbird that breeds in the southeastern United States and winters in tropical America; similar to but larger than the eastern kingbird
              subtype:  #wood_pewee__pewee__peewit__pewit__Contopus_virens  small olive-colored woodland flycatchers of eastern North America
                 subtype:  #western_wood_pewee__Contopus_sordidulus  small flycatcher of western North America
              subtype:  #Sayornis_phoebe__phoebe__phoebe_bird  small dun-colored North American flycatcher
              subtype:  #vermillion_flycatcher__firebird__Pyrocephalus_rubinus_mexicanus  tropical American flycatcher found as far north as southern Texas and Arizona; adult male has bright scarlet and black plumage
              subtype:  #cotinga__chatterer  passerine bird of New World tropics
                 subtype:  #Rupicola_rupicola__cock_of_the_rock  tropical bird of northern South America the male having brilliant red or orange plumage and an erectile disklike crest
                 subtype:  #cock_of_the_rock__Rupicola_peruviana  bird of the Andes similar to Rupicola rupicola
                 subtype:  #bellbird  any of several tropical American birds of the genus Procnias having a bell-like call
                 subtype:  #umbrella_bird__Cephalopterus_ornatus  black tropical American bird having a large overhanging crest and long feathered wattle
              subtype:  #scissortail__scissortailed_flycatcher__scissortailedflycatcher__Muscivora-forficata  gray flycatcher of the southwestern United States and Mexico and Central America having a long forked tail and white breast and salmon and scarlet markings
           subtype:  #manakin  any of numerous small bright-colored birds of Central and South America having short bills and elaborate courtship behavior
           subtype:  #ovenbird  small brownish South American birds that build oven-shaped clay nests
           subtype:  #antbird__ant_bird__antbird  any of various dull-colored South American birds that feeding on ants some following army ant swarms
              subtype:  #ant_thrush__antthrush  a kind of antbird
              subtype:  #ant_shrike__antshrike  antbirds superficially resembling shrikes
              subtype:  #spotted_antbird__spottedantbird__Hylophylax_naevioides  a kind of antbird
           subtype:  #woodhewer__woodcreeper__tree_creeper  any of numerous South and Central American birds with a curved bill and stiffened tail feathers that climb and feed like woodpeckers
           subtype:  #pitta  any bird of the genus Pitta; brilliantly colored chiefly terrestrial birds with short wings and tail and stout bills
        subtype:  #jenny_wren__jennywren__wren  and of several small active brown birds of the northern hemisphere with short upright tails; they feed on insects
           subtype:  #winter_wren__Troglodytes_troglodytes  small wren of coniferous forests of northern hemisphere
           subtype:  #house_wren__housewren__Troglodytes_aedon  common American wren that nests around houses
           subtype:  #marsh_wren__marshwren  a wren of the genus Cistothorus that frequents marshes
              subtype:  #long-billed_marsh_wren__Cistothorus_palustris  American wren that inhabits tall reed beds
              subtype:  #sedge_wren__sedgewren__short-billed_marsh_wren__Cistothorus_platensis  small American wren inhabiting wet sedgy meadows
           subtype:  #Salpinctes_obsoletus__rock_wren  wren inhabiting badlands and mesa country of western United States and Mexico
           subtype:  #Carolina_wren__Thryothorus_ludovicianus  large United States wren with a musical call
           subtype:  #cactus_wren  large harsh-voiced American wren of arid regions of the United States southwest and Mexico
     subtype:  #nonpasserine_bird  chiefly arboreal birds especially of the order Coraciiformes
     subtype:  #bird_of_prey__raptor__raptorial_bird__raptorialbird  any of numerous carnivorous birds that hunt and kill other animals
        subtype:  #order_Accipitriformes__Accipitriformes  in some classifications an alternative name for the Falconiformes
        subtype:  #hawk  diurnal bird of prey typically having short rounded wings and a long tail
           subtype:  #eyas  an unfledged or nestling hawk
           subtype:  #tiercel__tercel__tercelet  male hawk especially male peregrine or gyrfalcon
           subtype:  #goshawk__Accipiter_gentilis  large hawk of Eurasia and North America used in falconry
           subtype:  #Accipiter_nisus__sparrow_hawk__sparrowhawk  small hawk of Eurasia and North Africa
           subtype:  #Cooper's_hawk__blue_darter__Accipiter_cooperii  bluish-gray North American hawk having a darting flight
           subtype:  #chicken_hawk__chickenhawk__henhawk  nontechnical term for any hawks said to prey on poultry
           subtype:  #buteonine  any hawk of the genus Buteo
           subtype:  #redtail__redtailedhawk__Buteo_jamaicensis  dark brown American hawk species having a reddish-brown tail
           subtype:  #rough-legged_hawk__roughleg__Buteo_lagopus  large hawk of the northern hemisphere that feeds chiefly on small rodents and is beneficial to farmers
           subtype:  #red-shouldered_hawk__Buteo_lineatus  North American hawk with reddish brown shoulders
           subtype:  #buzzard__Buteo_buteo  the common European short-winged hawk
           subtype:  #honey_buzzard__honeybuzzard__Pernis_apivorus  Old World hawk that feeds on bee larvae and small rodents and reptiles
           subtype:  #kite  any of several small graceful hawks of the family Accipitridae having long pointed wings and feeding on insects and small animals
              subtype:  #black_kite__blackkite__Milvus_migrans  dark Old World kite feeding chiefly on carrion
              subtype:  #swallow-tailed_kite__swallow-tailed_hawk__Elanoides_forficatus  graceful North American black-and-white kite
              subtype:  #white-tailed_kite__Elanus_leucurus  gray-and-white American kite of warm and tropical regions
           subtype:  #harrier  hawks that hunt over meadows and marshes and prey on small terrestrial animals
              subtype:  #marsh_harrier__marshharrier__Circus_Aeruginosus  Old World harrier frequenting marshy regions
              subtype:  #Montagu's_harrier__Circus_pygargus  brownish European harrier
              subtype:  #marsh_hawk__marshhawk__northern_harrier__hen_harrier__henharrier__Circus_cyaneus  common harrier of North America and Europe; nests in marshes and open land
           subtype:  #harrier_eagle__harriereagle__short-toed_eagle  any of numerous large Old Wold hawks intermediate in some respects between typical hawks and typical eagles
           subtype:  #falcon  diurnal birds of prey having long pointed powerful wings adapted for swift flight
              subtype:  #peregrine_falcon__peregrinefalcon__Falco_peregrinus  a widely distributed falcon formerly used in falconry
                 subtype:  #falcon-gentle__falcon-gentil  female falcon especially a female peregrine falcon
              subtype:  #gyrfalcon__gerfalcon__Falco_rusticolus  large and rare arctic falcon having white and dark color phases
              subtype:  #Falco_tinnunculus__kestrel  small Old World falcon that hovers in the air against a wind
              subtype:  #sparrow_hawk__sparrowhawk__americankestrel__kestrel__Falco_sparverius  small North American falcon
              subtype:  #pigeon_hawk__merlin__Falco_columbarius  small falcon of Europe and America having dark plumage with black-barred tail; used in falconry
              subtype:  #Falco_subbuteo__hobby  small Old World falcon formerly trained and flown at small birds
              subtype:  #caracara  any of various long-legged carrion-eating hawks of South and Central America
                 subtype:  #Audubon's_caracara__Polyborus_cheriway_audubonii  widespread from southern United States to Central America; rusty black with black-and-white breast and tail
                 subtype:  #carancha__Polyborus_plancus  South American caracara
           subtype:  #osprey__fish_hawk__fish_eagle__sea_eagle__seaeagle__Pandion_haliaetus  large harmless hawk found worldwide that feeds on fish and builds a bulky nest often occupied for years
        subtype:  #bird_of_Jove__eagle  any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight
           subtype:  #eaglet  a young eagle
           subtype:  #harpy_eagle__harpyeagle__harpy__Harpia_harpyja  large black-and-white crested eagle of tropical America
           subtype:  #golden_eagle__Aquila_chrysaetos  large eagle of mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere having a golden-brown head and neck
              subtype:  #ringtail  an immature golden eagle
           subtype:  #tawny_eagle__tawnyeagle__Aquila_rapax  brownish eagle of Africa and parts of Asia
           subtype:  #bald_eagle__American_eagle__Haliaeetus_leucocephalus  large North American eagle having a white head and dark wings and body
           subtype:  #sea_eagle__seaeagle  any of various large eagles that usually feed on fish
              subtype:  #Kamchatkan_sea_eagle__Stellar's_sea_eagle__Haliaeetus_pelagicus  found on coasts of western north Pacific
              subtype:  #ern__erne__gray_sea_eagle__European_sea_eagle__white-tailed_sea_eagle__Haliatus_albicilla  bulky grayish-brown eagle with a short wedge-shaped white tail; of Europe and Greenland
              subtype:  #fishing_eagle__fishingeagle__Haliaeetus_leucorhyphus  of southeast Europe and central Asia
        subtype:  #vulture  any of various large diurnal birds of prey having naked heads and weak claws and feeding chiefly on carrion
           subtype:  #family_Aegypiidae__Aegypiidae  in some classifications considered the family comprising the Old World vultures which are more often included in the family Accipitridae
           subtype:  #Old_World_vulture  any of several large vultures of Africa and Eurasia
              subtype:  #griffon_vulture__griffonvulture__griffon__Gyps_fulvus  large vulture of southern Europe and northern Africa having pale plumage with black wings
              subtype:  #bearded_vulture__beardedvulture__lammergeier__lammergeyer__Gypaetus_barbatus  the largest Eurasian bird of prey; having black feathers hanging around the bill
              subtype:  #Egyptian_vulture__Pharaoh's_chicken__Neophron_percnopterus  small mostly white vulture of Africa and southern Eurasia
              subtype:  #Aegypius_monachus__black_vulture__blackvulture  of southern Eurasia and northern Africa
           subtype:  #New_World_vulture__cathartid  large birds of prey superficially similar to Old World vultures
              subtype:  #turkey_buzzard__buzzard__turkey_vulture__Cathartes_aura  common in South and Central America and southern United States
              subtype:  #condor  largest flying birds in the western hemisphere
                 subtype:  #Andean_condor__Vultur_gryphus  large vulture of the high Andes having black plumage and white neck ruff
                 subtype:  #California_condor__Gymnogyps_californianus  North American condor; chiefly dull black; almost extinct
              subtype:  #black_vulture__blackvulture__carrion_crow__carrioncrow__Coragyps_atratus  American vulture smaller than the turkey buzzard
              subtype:  #king_vulture__Sarcorhamphus_papa  large black-and-white vulture of South and Central America have colorful wattles and wartlike protuberances on head and neck
        subtype:  #secretary_bird__secretarybird__Sagittarius_serpentarius  large long-legged African bird of prey that feeds on reptiles
        subtype:  #owl__bird_of_Minerva__bird_of_night__hooter  nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes
           subtype:  #owlet  young owl
           subtype:  #little_owl__Athene_noctua  small European owl
           subtype:  #horned_owl  large owls having prominent ear tufts
              subtype:  #great_horned_owl__Bubo_virginianus  brown North American horned owl
           subtype:  #great_gray_owl__Strix_nebulosa  large dish-faced owl of northern North America and western Eurasia
           subtype:  #tawny_owl__tawnyowl__Strix_aluco  reddish-brown European owl having a round head with black eyes
           subtype:  #barred_owl__Strix_varia  large owl of eastern North America having its breast and abdomen streaked with brown
           subtype:  #Otus_asio__screech_owl__screechowl  small North American owl having hornlike tufts of feathers
           subtype:  #screech_owl__screechowl  any owl that has a screeching cry
           subtype:  #scops_owl__scopsowl  any of several small owls having ear tufts and a whistling call
              subtype:  #Old_World_scops_owl__Otus_scops  European scops owl
              subtype:  #Oriental_scops_owl__Otus_sunia  Asian scops owl
           subtype:  #hoot_owl  any owl that hoots as distinct from screeching
           subtype:  #hawk_owl__Surnia_ulula  gray-and-white diurnal hawk-like owl of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
           subtype:  #long-eared_owl__Asio_otus  slender European owl of coniferous forests with long ear tufts
           subtype:  #laughing_owl__laughing_jackass__Sceloglaux_albifacies  almost extinct owl of New Zealand
           subtype:  #barn_owl__Tyto_alba  mottled buff and white owl often inhabiting barns and other structures; important in rodent control
     subtype:  #gallinaceous_bird__gallinaceon  heavy-bodied largely ground-feeding domestic or game birds
        subtype:  #domestic_fowl__fowl__poultry  a domesticated gallinaceous bird though to be descended from the red jungle fowl
           subtype:  #Dorking  an English breed of large domestic fowl having five toes (the hind toe doubled)
           subtype:  #Plymouth_Rock  an American breed of domestic fowl
           subtype:  #Cornish  English breed of compact domestic fowl; raised primarily to crossbreed to produce roasters
           subtype:  #Rock_Cornish  small plump hybrid developed by crossbreeding Plymouth Rock and Cornish fowl
           subtype:  #game_fowl  any of several breeds reared for cock-fighting
           subtype:  #cochin_china__cochin  Asian breed of large fowl with dense plumage and feathered legs
           subtype:  #chicken__Gallus_gallus  a domestic fowl bred for flesh or eggs; believed to have been developed from the red jungle fowl
              subtype:  #bantam  any of various small breeds
              subtype:  #chick__biddy  young bird especially of domestic fowl
              subtype:  #rooster__cock  adult male chicken
                 subtype:  #cockerel  a young domestic cock; not older than one year
              subtype:  #capon  castrated male chicken
              subtype:  #biddy__hen  adult female chicken
                 subtype:  #cackler  a hen that has just laid an egg and emits a shrill squawk
                 subtype:  #brood_hen__broodhen__broody__broody_hen__setting_hen__settinghen__sitter  a domestic hen ready to brood
                 subtype:  #layer.biddy  a hen that lays eggs
                 subtype:  #pullet  young hen usually less than a year old
              subtype:  #spring_chicken  a young chicken having tender meat
              subtype:  #Rhode_Island_red  American breed of heavy-bodied brownish-red general-purpose chicken
              subtype:  #Dominique__Dominick  American breed of chicken having barred gray plumage raised for meat and brown eggs
              subtype:  #Orpington  English breed of large white-skinned chickens
           subtype:  #Meleagris_gallopavo__turkey  large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food
              subtype:  #turkey_cock__gobbler__tom__tomturkey  male turkey
           subtype:  #guinea_fowl__guinea__Numida_meleagris  W African bird having dark plumage mottled with white; native to Africa but raised for food in many parts of the world
              subtype:  #guinea_hen  female guinea fowl
        subtype:  #jungle_fowl__gallina  small Asiatic wild bird; believed to be ancestral to domestic fowl
           subtype:  #jungle_cock  male jungle fowl
           subtype:  #jungle_hen  female jungle fowl
           subtype:  #red_jungle_fowl__Gallus_gallus  SE Asian jungle fowl considered ancestral to domestic fowl
        subtype:  #ocellated_turkey__ocellatedturkey__agriocharisocellata  wild turkey of Central and northern South America
        subtype:  #game_bird  any bird hunted as game
           subtype:  #grouse  popular game bird having a plump body and feathered legs and feet
              subtype:  #black_grouse__blackgrouse  grouse of which the male is bluish-black
                 subtype:  #European_black_grouse__heathfowl__Lyrurus_tetrix  large north European black grouse with a lyre-shaped tail
                 subtype:  #Asian_black_grouse__Lyrurus_mlokosiewiczi  of W. Asia
                 subtype:  #blackcock__black_cock__blackcock  male black grouse
                 subtype:  #grayhen__gray_hen__heath_hen  female black grouse
              subtype:  #ptarmigan  large arctic and subarctic grouse with feathered feet and usually white winter plumage
                 subtype:  #red_grouse__redgrouse__moorfowl__moorbird__moorgame__Lagopus_scoticus  reddish-brown grouse of upland moors of Great Britain
                    subtype:  #moorhen  female red grouse
                    subtype:  #moorcock  male red grouse
              subtype:  #capercaillie__capercailzie__horse_of_the_wood__Tetrao_urogallus  large black Old World grouse
              subtype:  #spruce_grouse__Canachites_canadensis  North American grouse that feeds on evergreen buds and needles
              subtype:  #sage_grouse__sage_hen__Centrocercus_urophasianus  large grouse of sagebrush regions of North America
              subtype:  #ruffed_grouse__partridge__Bonasa_umbellus  valued as a game bird in eastern United States and Canada
              subtype:  #sharp-tailed_grouse__sprigtail__pedioecetesphasianellu  large grouse of prairies and open forests of western North America
              subtype:  #prairie_chicken__prairiechicken__prairie_grouse__prairiegrouse__prairie_fowl__prairiefowl  brown mottled North American grouse of western prairies
                 subtype:  #greater_prairie_chicken__Tympanuchus_cupido  the most common variety of prairie chicken
                 subtype:  #lesser_prairie_chicken__Tympanuchus_pallidicinctus  a smaller prairie chicken of Western Texas
                 subtype:  #heath_hen__Tympanuchus_cupido_cupido  extinct prairie chicken
           subtype:  #phasianid  a kind of game bird in the family Phasianidae
              subtype:  #pheasant  large long-tailed gallinaceous bird native to the Old World but introduced elsewhere
                 subtype:  #ring-necked_pheasant__Phasianus_colchicus  common pheasant having bright plumage and a white neck ring
                 subtype:  #afropavo__Congo_peafowl__Afropavo_congensis  both sexes are brightly colored
                 subtype:  #argus_pheasant__arguspheasant__argus__argu  large brilliantly patterned East Indian pheasant
                 subtype:  #golden_pheasant__Chrysolophus_pictus  brightly colored crested pheasant of mountains of western and central Asia
                 subtype:  #monal__monaul  brilliantly colored south Asian pheasant
                 subtype:  #peafowl__bird_of_Juno  very large terrestrial southeast Asian pheasant often raised as an ornamental bird
                    subtype:  #peachick  a young peafowl
                    subtype:  #peacock  male peafowl; having a crested head and very large fanlike tail marked with iridescent eyes or spots
                    subtype:  #peahen  female peafowl
                    subtype:  #blue_peafowl__Pavo_cristatus  peafowl of India and Ceylon
                    subtype:  #green_peafowl__greenpeafowl__Pavo_muticus  peafowl of southeast Asia
                 subtype:  #tragopan  brilliantly colored Asian pheasant having wattles and two fleshy processes on the head
              subtype:  #quail  small gallinaceous game birds
                 subtype:  #bobwhite_quail__bobwhite__partridge  a popular North American game bird; named for its call
                    subtype:  #northern_bobwhite__Colinus_virginianus  a favorite game bird of eastern and central United States
                 subtype:  #Old_World_quail  small game bird with a rounded body and small tail
                    subtype:  #migratory_quail__migratoryquail__Coturnix_coturnix__Coturnix_communis  the typical Old World quail
                 subtype:  #California_quail__Lofortyx_californicus  plump chunky bird of coastal California and Oregon
              subtype:  #partridge  small Old World gallinaceous game birds
                 subtype:  #Hungarian_partridge__gray_partridge__Perdix_perdix  common European partridge
                 subtype:  #red-legged_partridge__Alectoris_ruffa  common western European partridge with red legs
                 subtype:  #Greek_partridge__rock_partridge__Alectoris_graeca  of mountainous areas of southern Europe
                 subtype:  #mountain_quail__mountain_partridge__Oreortyx_picta_palmeri  California partridge; slightly larger than the California quail
           subtype:  #tinamou__partridge  heavy-bodied small-winged South American game bird resembling a gallinaceous bird but related to the ratite birds
        subtype:  #guan  any of several large turkey-like game birds of the family Cracidae; native to jungles of tropical America; resembling the curassows and valued as food
           subtype:  #piping_guan  a kind of guan
        subtype:  #curassow  large crested arboreal game bird of warm parts of the Americas having long legs and tails; highly esteemed as game and food
        subtype:  #chachalaca  slender arboreal guan resembling a wild turkey; native to Central America and Mexico; highly regarded as game birds
           subtype:  #Texas_chachalaca__Ortilis_vetula_macalli  of Mexico and Texas
        subtype:  #megapode__moundbird__mound_builder__moundbuilder__scrub_fowl__scrubfowl  large-footed short-winged birds of Australasia; build mounds of decaying vegetation to incubate eggs
           subtype:  #mallee_fowl__leipoa__lowan__Leipoa_ocellata  Australian moundbird; incubates eggs naturally in sandy mounds
              subtype:  #mallee_hen  adult female mallee fowl
           subtype:  #brush_turkey__brushturkey__Alectura_lathami  black megapode of wooded regions of Australia and New Guinea
           subtype:  #Macrocephalon_maleo__maleo  Celebes megapode that lays eggs in holes in sandy beaches
        subtype:  #hoatzin__hoactzin__stinkbird__Opisthocomus_hoazin  crested ill-smelling South American bird whose young have claws on the first and second digits of the wings
        subtype:  #columbiform_bird__columbiformbird  cosmopolitan order of land birds having small heads and short legs with four unwebbed toes
           subtype:  #Raphus_cucullatus__dodo  extinct heavy flightless bird of Mauritius related to pigeons
           subtype:  #Pezophaps_solitaria__solitaire  extinct flightless bird related to the dodo
           subtype:  #pigeon  wild and domesticated birds having a heavy body and short legs
              subtype:  #pouter_pigeon__pouter  one of a breed of pigeon that enlarge their crop until their breast is puffed out
              subtype:  #dove  any of numerous small pigeons
                 subtype:  #turtledove  any of several Old World wild doves
                    subtype:  #Streptopelia_turtur  the common European wild dove noted for its plaintive cooing
                    subtype:  #ringdove__Streptopelia_risoria  grayish Old World turtledove with a black band around the neck; often caged
                 subtype:  #Australian_turtledove__turtledove__Stictopelia_cuneata  small Australian dove
                 subtype:  #mourning_dove__Zenaidura_macroura  wild dove of the United States having a mournful call
              subtype:  #rock_dove__rock_pigeon__Columba_livia  pale gray Eurasian pigeon having black-striped wings from which most domestic species are descended
              subtype:  #band-tailed_pigeon__band-tail_pigeon__bandtail__Columba_fasciata  wild pigeon of western North America; often mistaken for the now extinct passenger pigeon
              subtype:  #wood_pigeon__ringdove__cushat__Columba_palumbus  Eurasian pigeon with white patches on wings and neck
              subtype:  #domestic_pigeon  domesticated pigeon raised for sport or food
                 subtype:  #fairy_swallow__fairyswallow  fancy domestic pigeon having blue-and-white plumage and heavily muffed feet
                 subtype:  #tumbler_pigeon__tumblerpigeon__roller__tumbler  pigeon that executes backward somersaults in flight or on the ground
                 subtype:  #homing_pigeon__homer  pigeon trained to return home
                    subtype:  #carrier_pigeon__carrierpigeon  a homing pigeon used to carry messages
              subtype:  #squab  an unfledged pigeon
              subtype:  #passenger_pigeon__passengerpigeon__Ectopistes_migratorius  gregarious North American migratory pigeon now extinct
           subtype:  #sandgrouse__sand_grouse  pigeon-like bird of arid regions of the Old World having long pointed wings and tail and precocial downy young
              subtype:  #painted_sandgrouse__paintedsandgrouse__Pterocles_indicus  sandgrouse of India
              subtype:  #pin-tailed_sandgrouse__pin-tailed_grouse__Pterocles_alchata  sandgrouse of Europe and Africa having elongated middle tail feathers
              subtype:  #pallas's_sandgrouse__Syrrhaptes_paradoxus  Eurasiatic sandgrouse with a black patch on the belly
     subtype:  #parrot  usually brightly colored zygodactyl tropical birds with short hooked beaks and the ability to mimic sounds
        subtype:  #popinjay  archaic
        subtype:  #poll_parrot__poll  a tame parrot
        subtype:  #African_gray__Psittacus_erithacus  commonly domesticated gray parrot with red-and-black tail and white face; native to equatorial Africa
        subtype:  #amazon  mainly green tropical American parrots
        subtype:  #macaw  long-tailed brilliantly colored parrot of Central and South America; among the largest and showiest of parrots
        subtype:  #kea__Nestor_notabilis  large brownish-green New Zealand parrot
        subtype:  #cockatoo  white or light-colored crested parrot of the Australian region; often kept as cage birds
           subtype:  #sulphur-crested_cockatoo__sulphurcrestedcockatoo__Kakatoe_galerita__Cacatua_galerita  white cockatoo with a yellow erectile crest
           subtype:  #pink_cockatoo__Kakatoe_leadbeateri  white Australian cockatoo with roseate tinged plumage
        subtype:  #cockateel__cockatiel__cockatooparrot__Nymphicus_hollandicus  small gray Australian parrot with a yellow crested head
        subtype:  #lovebird  small African parrot noted for showing affection for their mates
        subtype:  #lory  small brightly colored Australasian parrots having a brush-tipped tongue for feeding on nectar and soft fruits
           subtype:  #lorikeet  any of various small lories
              subtype:  #varied_Lorikeet__Glossopsitta_versicolor  lorikeet with a colorful coat
              subtype:  #rainbow_lorikeet__rainbowlorikeet__Trichoglossus_moluccanus  a kind of lorikeet
        subtype:  #parakeet__parrakeet__parroket__paraquet__paroquet__parroquet  any of numerous small slender long-tailed parrots
           subtype:  #Carolina_parakeet__Conuropsis_carolinensis  extinct parakeet whose range extended far into the United States
           subtype:  #budgerigar__budgereegah__budgie__grass_parakeet__grassparakeet__lovebird__shell_parakeet__shellparakeet__Melopsittacus_undulatus  small Australian parakeet usually light green with black and yellow markings in the wild but bred in many colors
           subtype:  #ring-necked_parakeet__Psittacula_krameri  African parakeet
     subtype:  #cuculiform_bird  birds having zygodactyl feet (except for the touracos)
        subtype:  #cuckoo  any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail
           subtype:  #European_cuckoo__Cuculus_canorus  common European cuckoo having a distinctive two-note call; lays eggs in the nests of other birds
           subtype:  #black-billed_cuckoo__Coccyzus_erythropthalmus  North American cuckoo; builds a nest and rears its own young
           subtype:  #roadrunner__chaparral_cock__chaparralcock__Geococcyx_californianus  speedy largely terrestrial bird found from California and Mexico to Texas
           subtype:  #ani  black tropical American cuckoo
           subtype:  #coucal  Old World ground-living cuckoo having a long dagger-like hind claw
              subtype:  #crow_pheasant__Centropus_sinensis  common coucal of India and China
              subtype:  #pheasant_coucal__pheasant_cuckoo__Centropus_phasianinus  Australian bird with a tail like a pheasant
        subtype:  #touraco__turaco__turacou__turakoo  large brightly crested bird of Africa
     subtype:  #coraciiform_bird__coraciiformbird  chiefly short-legged arboreal nonpasserine birds that nest in holes
        subtype:  #roller.coraciiform_bird  Old World bird that tumbles or rolls in flight; related to kingfishers
           subtype:  #European_roller__Coracias_garrulus  common European blue-and-green roller with a reddish-brown back
           subtype:  #ground_roller  Madagascan roller with terrestrial and crepuscular habits that feeds on e.g. insects and worms
        subtype:  #kingfisher  nonpasserine large-headed bird with a short tail and long sharp bill; usually crested and bright-colored; feed mostly on fish
           subtype:  #Eurasian_kingfisher__Alcedo_atthis  small kingfisher with greenish-blue and orange plumage
           subtype:  #belted_kingfisher__Ceryle_alcyon  grayish-blue North American kingfisher with a chestnut band on its chest
           subtype:  #kookaburra__laughing_jackass__Dacelo_gigas  Australian kingfisher having a loud cackling cry
        subtype:  #bee_eater__beeeater  colorful chiefly tropical Old World bird having a strong graceful flight; feeds on especially bees
        subtype:  #hornbill  bird of tropical Africa and Asia having a very large bill surmounted by a bony protuberance; related to kingfishers
        subtype:  #hoopoe__hoopoo  any of several crested Old World birds with a slender down-curving bill
           subtype:  #Euopean_hoopoe__Upupa_epops  pinkish-brown hoopoe with black-and-white wings
        subtype:  #wood_hoopoe  tropical African bird having metallic blackish plumage but no crest
        subtype:  #motmot__momot  tropical American bird resembling a blue jay and having greenish and bluish plumage
        subtype:  #tody  tiny insectivorous West Indian bird having red-and-green plumage and a long straight bill
     subtype:  #apodiform_bird__apodiformbird  nonpasserine bird having long wings and weak feet; spends much of its time in flight
        subtype:  #swift  small plain-colored bird that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight
           subtype:  #European_swift__Apus_apus  common European bird with a shrieking call that nests chiefly about eaves of buildings or on cliffs
           subtype:  #chimney_swift__chimney_swallow__chimneyswallow__Chateura_pelagica  American swift that nests in e.g. unused chimneys
           subtype:  #swiftlet__Collocalia_inexpectata  swift of eastern Asia; produces the edible bird's nest
        subtype:  #tree_swift__crested_swift__crestedswift  birds of southeast Asia and East Indies differing from true swifts in having upright crests and nesting in trees
        subtype:  #hummingbird  tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills; wings are specialized for vibrating flight
           subtype:  #Archilochus_colubris  a kind of hummingbird
           subtype:  #thornbill  any of various South American hummingbirds with a sharp pointed bill
     subtype:  #caprimulgiform_bird  long-winged nonpasserine birds
        subtype:  #goatsucker__nightjar__caprimulgid  mainly crepuscular or nocturnal nonpasserine birds with mottled grayish-brown plumage and large eyes; feed on insects
           subtype:  #European_goatsucker__European_nightjar__Caprimulgus_europaeus  Old World goatsucker
           subtype:  #chuck-will's-widow__Caprimulgus_carolinensis  large whippoorwill-like bird of the southern United States
           subtype:  #whippoorwill__Caprimulgus_vociferus  American nocturnal goatsucker with gray-and-white plumage
           subtype:  #nighthawk__bullbat__mosquito_hawk  mainly nocturnal North American goatsucker
           subtype:  #poorwill__Phalaenoptilus_nuttallii  goatsucker of western North America
        subtype:  #frogmouth  insectivorous bird of Australia and southeastern Asia having a wide frog-like mouth
        subtype:  #oilbird__guacharo__Steatornis_caripensis  nocturnal fruit-eating bird of South America that has fatty young yielding an oil that is used instead of butter
     subtype:  #piciform_bird  any of numerous nonpasserine insectivorous climbing birds usually having strong bills for boring wood
        subtype:  #woodpecker__peckerwood__pecker  bird with strong claws and a stiff tail adapted for climbing and a hard chisel-like bill for boring into wood for insects
           subtype:  #green_woodpecker__greenwoodpecker__Picus_viridis  woodpecker of Europe and western Asia
           subtype:  #downy_woodpecked__downywoodpecked  small North American woodpecker with black and white plumage and a small bill
           subtype:  #flicker  North American woodpecker
              subtype:  #yellow-shafted_flicker__Colaptes_auratus__yellowhammer  large flicker of eastern North America with a red neck and yellow undersurface to wings and tail
              subtype:  #gilded_flicker__Colaptes_chrysoides  southwestern United States bird like the yellow-shafted flicker but lacking the red neck
              subtype:  #red-shafted_flicker__redshaftedflicker__Colaptes_caper_collaris  western United States bird with red undersurface to wings and tail
           subtype:  #ivorybill__ivory-billed_woodpecker__Campephilus_principalis  large black-and-white woodpecker of southern United States and Cuba having an ivory bill; nearly extinct
           subtype:  #redheaded_woodpecker__redheadedwoodpecker__redhead__melanerpeserythrocephalu  black-and-white North American woodpecker having a red head and neck
           subtype:  #sapsucker  small American woodpecker that feeds on sap from e.g. apple and maple trees
              subtype:  #yellow-bellied_sapsucker__Sphyrapicus_varius  eastern North American sapsucker having a pale yellow abdomen
              subtype:  #red-breasted_sapsucker__Sphyrapicus_varius_ruber  western North American sapsucker
           subtype:  #wryneck  Old World woodpecker with a peculiar habit of twisting the neck
           subtype:  #piculet  small woodpeckers of South America and Africa and East Indies having soft rounded tail feathers
        subtype:  #barbet  small brightly colored stout-billed tropical bird having short weak wings
        subtype:  #puffbird  brownish tropical American bird having a large head with fluffed out feathers
        subtype:  #honey_guide__honeyguide  small bird of tropical Africa and Asia; feeds on beeswax and honey and larvae
        subtype:  #jacamar  tropical American insectivorous bird having a long sharp bill and iridescent green or bronze plumage
        subtype:  #toucan  brilliantly colored arboreal fruit-eating bird of tropical America having a very large thin-walled beak
           subtype:  #toucanet  small toucan
     subtype:  #trogon  forest bird of warm regions of the New World having brilliant lustrous plumage and long tails
        subtype:  #quetzal_bird__quetzalbird__quetzal  large trogon of Central and South America having golden-green and scarlet plumage
           subtype:  #resplendent_quetzel__resplendentquetzel__resplendent_trogon__resplendenttrogon__Pharomacrus_mocino  very rare Central American bird; the national bird of Guatemala
     subtype:  #aquatic_bird__aquaticbird  wading and swimming and diving birds of either fresh or salt water
        subtype:  #waterfowl__water_bird__waterbird__waterbird  freshwater aquatic bird
           subtype:  #anseriform_bird  chiefly web-footed swimming birds
              subtype:  #duck  small wild or domesticated web-footed broad-billed swimming bird usually having a depressed body and short legs
                 subtype:  #drake  adult male of a wild or domestic duck
                 subtype:  #quack-quack  child's word for a duck
                 subtype:  #duckling  young duck
                 subtype:  #diving_duck  any of various ducks of especially bays and estuaries that dive for their food
                 subtype:  #dabbling_duck__dabbler  any of numerous shallow-water ducks that feed by upending and dabbling
                 subtype:  #mallard__Anas_platyrhynchos  wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed
                 subtype:  #black_duck__blackduck__Anas_rubripes  dusky black duck of northeastern United States and Canada
                 subtype:  #teal  any of various small short-necked dabbling river ducks of Europe and America
                    subtype:  #greenwing__green-winged_teal__Anas_crecca  common teal of Eurasia and North America
                    subtype:  #bluewing__blue-winged_teal__Anas_discors  American teal
                    subtype:  #garganey__Anas_querquedula  small Eurasian teal
                 subtype:  #widgeon__wigeon__Anas_penelope  freshwater duck of Eurasia and North Africa related to mallards and teals
                    subtype:  #American_widgeon__baldpate__Anas_americana  American widgeon the male of which has a white crown
                 subtype:  #Anas_clypeata__shoveler__shoveller__broadbill  freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill
                 subtype:  #pintail__pin-tailed_duck__Anas_acuta  long-necked river duck of the Old and New Worlds having elongated central tail feathers
                 subtype:  #sheldrake  Old World gooselike duck slightly larger than a mallard with variegated mostly black-and-white plumage and a red bill
                    subtype:  #shelduck  female sheldrake
                 subtype:  #ruddy_duck__ruddyduck__oxyurajamaicensi  reddish-brown stiff-tailed duck of North America and and northern South America
                 subtype:  #bufflehead__butterball__dipper__Bucephela_albeola  small North American diving duck; males have bushy head plumage
                 subtype:  #goldeneye__whistler__Bucephela_clangula  large-headed swift-flying diving duck of arctic regions
                    subtype:  #Barrow's_goldeneye__Bucephala_islandica  North American goldeneye diving duck
                 subtype:  #canvasback_duck__canvasback__Aythya_valisineria  North American wild duck valued for sport and food
                 subtype:  #pochard__Aythya_ferina  heavy-bodied Old World diving duck having a gray-and-black body and reddish head
                 subtype:  #Aythya_americana__redhead  North American diving duck with a gray-and-black body and reddish-brown head
                 subtype:  #scaup_duck__scaupduck__bluebill__broadbill  diving ducks of North America having a bluish-gray bill
                    subtype:  #greater_scaup__greaterscaup__Aythya_marila  large scaup of North America having a greenish iridescence on the head of the male
                    subtype:  #lesser_scaup_duck__lesser_scaup__lake_duck__Aythya_affinis  common scaup of North America; males have purplish heads
                 subtype:  #wild_duck  an undomesticated duck (especially a mallard)
                 subtype:  #wood_duck__summer_duck__wood_widgeon__Aix_sponsa  showy North American duck that nests in hollow trees
                    subtype:  #wood_drake  male wood duck
                 subtype:  #mandarin_duck__Aix_galericulata  showy crested Asiatic duck; often domesticated
                 subtype:  #muscovy_duck__muscovyduck__muskduck__Cairina_moschata  large crested wild duck of Central and South America; widely domesticated
                 subtype:  #sea_duck__seaduck  any of various large diving ducks found along the seacoast: eider; scoter; merganser
                    subtype:  #eider_duck__eiderduck  duck of the northern hemisphere much valued for the fine soft down of the females
                    subtype:  #scoter__scooter  large black diving duck of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
                       subtype:  #common_scoter__Melanitta_nigra  a variety of scoter
                    subtype:  #old_squaw__oldsquaw__oldwife__clangulahyemali  a common long-tailed sea duck of the northern parts of the United States
                    subtype:  #merganser__fish_duck__sawbill  large crested fish-eating diving duck having a slender hooked bill with serrated edges
                       subtype:  #goosander__Mergus_merganser  common merganser of Europe and North America
                       subtype:  #American_merganser__Mergus_merganser_americanus  common North American diving duck considered a variety of the European goosander
                       subtype:  #red-breasted_merganser__Mergus_serrator  widely distributed merganser of America and Europe
                       subtype:  #smew__Mergus_albellus  smallest merganser and most expert diver; found in northern Eurasia
                       subtype:  #hooded_merganser__hooded_sheldrake__Lophodytes_cucullatus  small North American duck with a high circular crest on the male's head
              subtype:  #goose  web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks
                 subtype:  #gosling  young goose
                 subtype:  #gander  mature male goose
                 subtype:  #Chinese_goose__Anser_cygnoides  very large wild goose of northeast Asia; interbreeds freely with the graylag
                 subtype:  #graylag__greylag__greylag_goose__greylaggoose__Anser_anser  common gray wild goose of Europe; ancestor of many domestic breeds
                 subtype:  #blue_goose__Chen_caerulescens  North American wild goose having dark plumage in summer but white in winter
                    subtype:  #snow_goose  blue goose in the white color phase
                 subtype:  #brant_goose__brantgoose__brant__brent__brent_goose__brentgoose  small dark geese that breed in the north and migrate southward
                    subtype:  #common_brant_goose__Branta_bernicla  the best known variety of brant goose
                 subtype:  #Canada_goose__honker__Canadian_goose__Branta_canadensis  common grayish-brown wild goose of North America
                 subtype:  #barnacle_goose__barnacle__Branta_leucopsis  European goose smaller than the brant; breeds in the far north
           subtype:  #screamer  gooselike aquatic bird of South America having a harsh trumpeting call
              subtype:  #horned_screamer__Anhima_cornuta  screamer having a hornlike process projecting from the forehead
              subtype:  #crested_screamer__crestedscreamer  distinguished from the horned screamer by a feathery crest on the back of the head
                 subtype:  #chaja__Chauna_torquata  largest crested screamer; naive to southern Brazil and Argentina
        subtype:  #swan  stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult
           subtype:  #coscoroba  large white South American bird intermediate in some respects between ducks and swans
           subtype:  #cob  adult male swan
           subtype:  #pen.swan  female swan
           subtype:  #cygnet  a young swan
           subtype:  #mute_swan__Cygnus_olor  soundless Eurasian swan; commonly domesticated
           subtype:  #whooper_swan__whooperswan__whooper__Cygnus_cygnus  common Old World swan noted for its whooping call
           subtype:  #tundra_swan__Cygnus_columbianus  swan that nests in tundra regions of the New and Old Worlds
              subtype:  #whistling_swan__whistlingswan__cygnuscolumbianuscolumbianu  North American subspecies of tundra swan having a soft whistling note
              subtype:  #Bewick's_swan__Cygnus_columbianus_bewickii  Eurasian subspecies of tundra swan; smaller than the whooper
           subtype:  #trumpeter_swan__trumpeterswan__trumpeter__Cygnus_buccinator  large pure white wild swan of western North America having a sonorous cry
           subtype:  #black_swan__blackswan__Cygnus_atratus  large Australian swan having black plumage and a red bill
        subtype:  #wading_bird__wader  any of many long-legged birds that wade in water in search of food
           subtype:  #stork  large mostly Old World wading birds typically having white-and-black plumage
              subtype:  #white_stork__whitestork__Ciconia_ciconia  the common stork of Europe; white with black wing feathers and a red bill
              subtype:  #black_stork__blackstork__Ciconia_nigra  Old World stork that is glossy black above and white below
              subtype:  #adjutant_bird__adjutant__adjutant_stork__Leptoptilus_dubius  large Indian stork with a military gait
              subtype:  #marabou_stork__maraboustork__marabou__marabout__Leptoptilus_crumeniferus  large African black-and-white carrion-eating stork; downy under-wing feathers are used to trim garments
              subtype:  #openbill  stork with a grooved bill whose upper and lower parts touch only at the base and tip
              subtype:  #jabiru__Jabiru_mycteria  large white stork of warm regions of the world especially America
              subtype:  #saddlebill__jabiru__Ephippiorhynchus_senegalensis  large black-and-white stork of tropical Africa; its red bill has a black band around the middle
              subtype:  #policeman_bird__policemanbird__black-necked_stork__jabiru__Xenorhyncus_asiaticus  large mostly white Australian stork
              subtype:  #Mycteria_americana__wood_ibis__wood_stork  American stork resembling the true ibises in having a downward-curved bill; inhabits wooded swamps of New World tropics
           subtype:  #shoebill__shoebird__Balaeniceps_rex  large stork-like bird of the valley of the White Nile with a broad bill suggesting a wooden shoe
           subtype:  #ibis  wading birds of warm regions having long slender down-curved bills
              subtype:  #wood_ibis__wood_stork__Ibis_ibis  Old World wood ibis
              subtype:  #sacred_ibis__Threskiornis_aethiopica  African ibis venerated by ancient Egyptians
           subtype:  #spoonbill  wading birds having a long flat bill with a tip like a spoon
              subtype:  #common_spoonbill__Platalea_leucorodia  pure white crested spoonbill of southern Eurasia and northeastern Africa
              subtype:  #roseate_spoonbill__roseatespoonbill__Ajaia_ajaja  tropical rose-colored New World spoonbill
           subtype:  #flamingo  large pink to scarlet web-footed wading bird with down-bent bill; inhabits brackish lakes
           subtype:  #heron  gray or white wading bird with long neck and long legs and (usually) long bill
              subtype:  #great_blue_heron__Ardea_herodius  large American heron having bluish-gray plumage
              subtype:  #Ardea_occidentalis__great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron  large white heron of Florida and the Florida Keys
              subtype:  #egret  any of various usually white herons having long plumes during breeding season
                 subtype:  #snowy_egret__snowyegret__snowy_heron__snowyheron__Egretta_thula  small New World egret
                 subtype:  #little_egret__Egretta_garzetta  Old World egret
                 subtype:  #great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Casmerodius_albus  widely distributed Old World white egret
                 subtype:  #American_egret__great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Egretta_albus  the common American egret; a variety of the Old World Casmerodius albus
                 subtype:  #cattle_egret__Bubulcus_ibis  small white egret widely distributed in warm regions often found around grazing animals
              subtype:  #little_blue_heron__Egretta_caerulea  small bluish gray heron of the western hemisphere
              subtype:  #night_heron__nightheron__night_raven__nightraven  nocturnal or crepuscular herons
                 subtype:  #black-crowned_night_heron__blackcrownednightheron__Nycticorax_nycticorax  night heron of both Old and New Worlds
                 subtype:  #yellow-crowned_night_heron__Nyctanassa_violacea  North American night heron
              subtype:  #boatbill__boat-billed_heron__broadbill__Cochlearius_cochlearius  tropical American heron related to night herons
              subtype:  #bittern  relatively small compact tawny-brown heron with nocturnal habits and a booming cry; found in marshes
                 subtype:  #American_bittern__stake_driver__stakedriver__Botaurus_lentiginosus  a kind of bittern
                 subtype:  #European_bittern__Botaurus_stellaris  a kind of bittern
                 subtype:  #least_bittern__leastbittern__Ixobrychus_exilis  small American bittern
           subtype:  #crane  large long-necked wading bird of marshes and plains in many parts of the world
              subtype:  #whooping_crane__whooper__Grus_americana  rare North American crane having black-and-white plumage and a trumpeting call
           subtype:  #courlan__Aramus_guarauna  wading bird of South and Central America
           subtype:  #limpkin__Aramus_pictus  wading bird of Florida, Cuba and Jamaica having a drooping bill and a distinctive wailing call
           subtype:  #crested_cariama__crestedcariama__seriema__Cariama_cristata  Brazilian cariama; sole representative of the genus Cariama
           subtype:  #chunga__seriema__Chunga_burmeisteri  Argentinian cariama
           subtype:  #rail.wading_bird  any of numerous widely distributed small wading birds of the family Rallidae having short wings and very long toes for running on soft mud
              subtype:  #weka__maori_hen__maorihen__wood_hen  flightless New Zealand rail of thievish disposition having short wings each with a spur used in fighting
              subtype:  #crake  any of several short-billed Old World rails
                 subtype:  #corncrake__land_rail__Crex_crex  common Eurasian rail that frequents grain fields
                 subtype:  #spotted_crake__spottedcrake__Porzana_porzana  Eurasian rail of swamps and marshes
              subtype:  #notornis__takahe__Notornis_mantelli  flightless New Zealand birds similar to gallinules
              subtype:  #coot  slaty-black slow-flying birds somewhat resembling ducks
                 subtype:  #American_coot__marsh_hen__marshhen__mud_hen__mudhen__water_hen__waterhen__Fulica_americana  North American coot
                 subtype:  #Old_World_coot__Fulica_atra  Eurasian coot
           subtype:  #bustard  large heavy-bodied chiefly terrestrial game bird capable of powerful swift flight; classified with wading birds but frequents grassy steppes
              subtype:  #great_bustard__greatbustard__Otis_tarda  largest European land bird
              subtype:  #plain_turkey__plainturkey__Choriotis_australis  popular Australian game bird
           subtype:  #button_quail__bustard_quail__bustardquail__hemipode  small quail-like terrestrial bird of southern Eurasia and North Africa that lacks a hind toe; classified with wading birds but inhabits grassy plains
              subtype:  #striped_button_quail__Turnix_sylvatica  a variety of button quail having stripes
           subtype:  #ortygan  any of several East Indian birds
           subtype:  #plain_wanderer__plainwanderer__pedionomustorquatu  small Australian bird related to the button quail; classified as wading bird but inhabits plains
           subtype:  #trumpeter  large gregarious forest-dwelling cranelike bird of South America having glossy black plumage and a loud prolonged cry; easily domesticated
              subtype:  #Brazilian_trumpeter__Psophia_crepitans  trumpeter of Brazil and Guiana; often kept to protect poultry in Brazil
           subtype:  #shorebird__shore_bird__shorebird__limicoline_bird__limicolinebird  any of numerous wading birds that frequent mostly seashores and estuaries
              subtype:  #plover  any of numerous chiefly shorebirds of relatively compact build having straight bills and large pointed wings; closely related to the sandpipers
                 subtype:  #piping_plover__Charadrius_melodus  small plover of eastern North America
                 subtype:  #killdeer_plover__killdeer__kildeer__Charadrius_vociferus  American plover of inland waters and fields having a distinctive cry
                 subtype:  #dotterel__dotrel__Charadrius_morinellus__Eudromias_morinellus  rare plover of upland areas of Eurasia
                 subtype:  #golden_plover  plovers of Europe and America having the backs marked with golden-yellow spots
                 subtype:  #lapwing__green_plover__greenplover__peewit__pewit  large crested Old World plover having wattles and spurs
                 subtype:  #turnstone  migratory shorebirds of the plover family that turn over stones in searching for food
                    subtype:  #ruddy_turnstone__ruddyturnstone__Arenaria_interpres  common arctic turnstone that winters south to South America and Australia
                    subtype:  #black_turnstone__blackturnstone__Arenaria-Melanocephala  common turnstone of North American Pacific coast
              subtype:  #sandpiper  any of numerous usually small wading birds having a slender bill and piping call; closely related to the plovers
                 subtype:  #European_sandpiper__Actitis_hypoleucos  a variety of sandpiper
                 subtype:  #spotted_sandpiper__spottedsandpiper__Actitis_macularia  common North American sandpiper
                 subtype:  #least_sandpiper__leastsandpiper__stint__Erolia_minutilla  smallest American sandpiper
                 subtype:  #red-backed_sandpiper__dunlin__Erolia_alpina  small common sandpiper that breeds in northern or arctic regions and winters in southern United States or Mediterranean regions
                 subtype:  #greenshank__Tringa_nebularia  large European sandpiper with greenish legs
                 subtype:  #redshank__Tringa_totanus  a common Old World wading bird with long red legs
                 subtype:  #yellowlegs  either of two North American shorebird with yellow legs
                    subtype:  #greater_yellowlegs__Tringa_melanoleuca  a variety of yellowlegs
                    subtype:  #lesser_yellowlegs__Tringa_flavipes  a variety of yellowlegs
                 subtype:  #pectoral_sandpiper__jacksnipe__Calidris_melanotos  American sandpiper that inflates its chest when courting
                 subtype:  #grayback__knot__Calidris_canutus  sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and winters in the S hemisphere
                 subtype:  #curlew_sandpiper__Calidris_Ferruginea  Old World sandpiper with a curved bill like a curlew
                 subtype:  #sanderling__Crocethia_alba  small sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and migrates south along sandy coasts in most of world
                 subtype:  #upland_sandpiper__upland_plover__Bartramian_sandpiper__Bartramia_longicauda  large plover-like sandpiper of North American fields and uplands
                 subtype:  #Philomachus_pugnax__ruff  common Eurasian sandpiper; male has an erectile ruff in breeding season
                    subtype:  #reeve  female ruff
                 subtype:  #tattler  any of several long-legged shorebirds having a loud whistling cry
                    subtype:  #Polynesian_tattler__Heteroscelus_incanus  tattler of Pacific coastal regions
                    subtype:  #willet__Catoptrophorus_semipalmatus  large North American shorebird of eastern and Gulf coasts
              subtype:  #surfbird__Aphriza_virgata  sandpiper-like shorebird of Pacific coasts of North and South America
              subtype:  #woodcock  game bird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe
                 subtype:  #Eurasian_woodcock__Scolopax_rusticola  short-legged long-billed migratory Old World woodcock
                 subtype:  #American_woodcock__woodcock_snipe__Philohela_minor  small long-billed American woodcock; prized as a game bird
              subtype:  #snipe  Old or New World straight-billed game bird of the sandpiper family; of marshy areas; similar to the woodcocks
                 subtype:  #whole_snipe__wholesnipe__common_snipe__Gallinago_gallinago  common snipe of Eurasia and Africa
                 subtype:  #Wilson's_snipe__Gallinago_gallinago_delicata  American snipe
                 subtype:  #great_snipe__greatsnipe__woodcock_snipe__Gallinago_media  Old World snipe larger and darker than the whole snipe
                 subtype:  #jacksnipe__half_snipe__Limnocryptes_minima  a small short-billed Old World snipe
                 subtype:  #dowitcher  shorebird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe
                    subtype:  #Limnodromus_griseus__grayback  a dowitcher with a gray back
                    subtype:  #red-breasted_snipe__Limnodromus_scolopaceus  a dowitcher with a red breast
              subtype:  #curlew  large migratory shorebirds of the sandpiper family; closely related to woodcocks but having a down-curved bill
                 subtype:  #European_curlew__Numenius_arquata  common Eurasian curlew
                 subtype:  #Eskimo_curlew__Numenius_borealis  New World curlew that breeds in northern North America
              subtype:  #godwit  large wading bird that resembles a curlew; has a long slightly upturned bill
                 subtype:  #Hudsonian_godwit__Limosa_haemastica  New World godwit
              subtype:  #Himantopus_stilt__stilt__stiltbird__longlegs__stilt_plover__stiltplover  long-legged three-toed black-and-white wading bird of inland ponds and marshes or brackish lagoons
                 subtype:  #black-necked_stilt__Himantopus_mexicanus  stilt of southwestern United States to northern South America having black plumage extending from the head down the back of the neck
                 subtype:  #black-winged_stilt__Himantopus_himantopus  stilt of Europe and Africa and Asia having mostly white plumage but with black wings
                 subtype:  #white-headed_stilt__Himantopus_himantopus_leucocephalus__himantopushimantopusleucocephalu  stilt of the southwest Pacific including Australia and New Zealand having mostly white plumage but with black wings and nape of neck
                 subtype:  #kaki__Himantopus_novae-zelandiae  blackish stilt of New Zealand sometimes considered a color phase of the white-headed stilt
              subtype:  #Australian_stilt__stilt  long-legged three-toed wading bird of brackish marshes of Australia
                 subtype:  #banded_stilt__Cladorhyncus_leucocephalum  web-footed Australian stilt with reddish-brown pectoral markings
              subtype:  #avocet  long-legged web-footed black-and-white shorebird with slender upward-curving bill
              subtype:  #oystercatcher__oyster_catcher  black-and-white shorebird with stout legs and bill; feed on oysters etc.
              subtype:  #phalarope  small sandpiper-like shorebird having lobate toes and being good swimmers; breed in the arctic and winter in the tropics
                 subtype:  #red_phalarope__redphalarope__Phalaropus_fulicarius  phalarope of northern oceans and lakes
                 subtype:  #northern_phalarope__Lobipes_lobatus  breeds in arctic regions of Old and New worlds; large flocks often seen far out at sea
                 subtype:  #Wilson's_phalarope__Steganopus_tricolor  breeds on the northern great plains of Canada
              subtype:  #pratincole__glareole  Old World shorebird with long pointed wings and short legs; closely related to the coursers
              subtype:  #courser  swift-footed terrestrial plover-like bird of southern Asia and Africa
                 subtype:  #cream-colored_courser__creamcoloredcourser__Cursorius_cursor  courser of desert and semidesert regions of the Old World
                 subtype:  #crocodile_bird__crocodilebird__Pluvianus_aegyptius  African courser that feeds on insect parasites on crocodiles
              subtype:  #stone_curlew__stonecurlew__thick-knee__thickknee__Burhinus_oedicnemus  large-headed large-eyed crepuscular or nocturnal shorebird of the Old World and tropical America having a thickened knee joint
        subtype:  #gallinule__marsh_hen__marshhen__water_hen__waterhen__swamphen  any of various small aquatic birds of the genus Gallinula distinguished from rails by a frontal shield and a resemblance to domestic hens
           subtype:  #Florida_gallinule__Gallinula_chloropus_cachinnans  North American dark bluish-gray gallinule
           subtype:  #Gallinula_chloropus__moorhen  black gallinule that inhabits ponds and lakes
           subtype:  #purple_gallinule  gallinules with showy purplish plumage
              subtype:  #European_gallinule__Porphyrio_porphyrio__porphyrioporphyrio  purple gallinule of southern Europe
              subtype:  #American_gallinule__Porphyrula_martinica  American purple gallinule
        subtype:  #seabird__sea_bird__seabird__seafowl  a bird that frequents coastal waters and the open ocean: gulls; pelicans; gannets; cormorants; albatrosses; petrels; etc.
           subtype:  #coastal_diving_bird  gull family; skimmer family; jaeger family; auk family
              subtype:  #larid  long-winged web-footed aquatic bird of the gull family
                 subtype:  #sea_gull__seagull__seagull  mostly white aquatic bird having long pointed wings and short legs
                    subtype:  #mew_gull__mewgull__sea_mew__Larus_canus  the common gull of Eurasia and northeastern North America
                    subtype:  #great_black-backed_gull__black-backed_gull__cob__larusmarinu  white gull having a black back and wings
                    subtype:  #herring_gull__herringgull__Larus_argentatus  large gull of the northern hemisphere
                    subtype:  #laughing_gull__blackcap__pewit__pewit_gull__pewitgull__Larus_ridibundus  small black-headed European gull
                    subtype:  #ivory_gull__ivorygull__Pagophila_eburnea  white arctic gull; migrates as far south as England and New Brunswick
                    subtype:  #kittiwake  small pearl-gray gull of northern regions; nests on cliffs and has a rudimentary hind toe
                 subtype:  #tern  small slender gull having narrow wings and a forked tail
                    subtype:  #sea_swallow__seaswallow__Sterna_hirundo  common tern of Eurasia and America having white black and gray plumage
              subtype:  #skimmer  gull-like seabird that flies along the surface of the water with an elongated lower mandible immersed to skim out food
              subtype:  #jaeger  rapacious seabird that pursues weaker birds to make them drop their prey
                 subtype:  #parasitic_jaeger__parasiticjaeger__arctic_skua__Stercorarius_parasiticus  a variety of jaeger
                 subtype:  #skua__bonxie  gull-like jaeger of northern seas
                    subtype:  #great_skua__greatskua__catharactaskua  large brown skua of the North Atlantic
           subtype:  #auk  black-and-white short-necked web-footed diving bird of northern seas
              subtype:  #auklet  any of several small auks of north Pacific coasts
              subtype:  #razorbill__razor-billed_auk__Alca_torda  black-and-white North Atlantic auk having a compressed sharp-edged bill
              subtype:  #little_auk__dovekie__plautusalle  small short-billed auk abundant in arctic regions
              subtype:  #great_auk__greatauk__Pinguinus_impennis  large large flightless auk of rocky islands off North Atlantic coast; extinct
              subtype:  #guillemot  small black or brown speckled auks of northern seas
                 subtype:  #black_guillemot__blackguillemot__Cepphus_grylle  North Atlantic guillemot
                 subtype:  #pigeon_guillemot__Cepphus_columba  North Pacific guillemot
                 subtype:  #murre  black-and-white diving bird of northern seas
                    subtype:  #common_murre__Uria_aalge  the most frequent variety of murre
                    subtype:  #thick-billed_murre__Uria_lomvia  a variety of murre
           subtype:  #puffin  any of two genera of northern seabirds having short necks and brightly colored compressed bills
              subtype:  #Atlantic_puffin__Fratercula_arctica  common puffin of the North Atlantic
              subtype:  #horned_puffin__Fratercula_corniculata  N Pacific puffin
              subtype:  #tufted_puffin__Lunda_cirrhata  N Pacific puffin having a large yellow plume over each eye
           subtype:  #gaviiform_seabird__gaviiformseabird  seabirds of the order Gaviiformes
              subtype:  #loon.gaviiform_seabird__diver  large somewhat primitive fish-eating diving bird of the northern hemisphere having webbed feet placed far back; related to the grebes
           subtype:  #podicipitiform_seabird  aquatic birds related to the loons
              subtype:  #grebe  small compact-bodied almost completely aquatic bird that builds floating nests; similar to loons but smaller and with lobate rather than webbed feet
                 subtype:  #great_crested_grebe__greatcrestedgrebe__Podiceps_cristatus  large Old World grebe with black ear tufts
                 subtype:  #red-necked_grebe__Podiceps_grisegena  large stocky grebe of circumpolar regions having a dark neck
                 subtype:  #black-necked_grebe__eared_grebe__Podiceps_nigricollis  small grebe with yellow ear tufts and a black neck; found in Eurasia and southern Africa as well as western United States
                 subtype:  #dabchick__little_grebe__Podiceps_ruficollis  small European grebe
                 subtype:  #pied-billed_grebe__Podilymbus_podiceps  American grebe having a black-banded whitish bill
           subtype:  #pelecaniform_seabird  large fish-eating seabird with four-toed webbed feet
              subtype:  #pelican  large long-winged warm-water seabird having a large bill with a distensible pouch for fish
                 subtype:  #white_pelican__whitepelican__Pelecanus_erythrorhynchos  large American pelican; white with black wing feathers
                 subtype:  #Old_world_white_pelican__Pelecanus_onocrotalus  similar to American white pelican
              subtype:  #frigate_bird__frigatebird__manofwarbird  long-billed warm-water seabird with wide wingspan and forked tail
              subtype:  #gannet  large heavily built seabird with a long stout bill noted for its plunging dives for fish
                 subtype:  #solan_goose__solangoose__solan__solant_goose__Sula_bassana  very large white gannet with black wing tips
                 subtype:  #booby  small tropical gannet having a bright bill or bright feet or both
              subtype:  #cormorant__phalacrocoraxcarbo  large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish
              subtype:  #snakebird__anhinga__darter  fish-eating bird of warm inland waters having a long flexible neck and slender sharp-pointed bill
                 subtype:  #water_turkey__waterturkey__Anhinga_anhinga  blackish New World snakebird of swampy regions
              subtype:  #tropic_bird__boatswain_bird__boatswainbird  mostly white web-footed tropical seabird often found far from land
           subtype:  #sphenisciform_seabird__sphenisciformseabird  flightless cold-water seabirds: penguins
              subtype:  #penguin  short-legged flightless birds of cold southern especially Antarctic regions having webbed feet and wings modified as flippers
                 subtype:  #Adelie_penguin__Adelie__Pygoscelis_adeliae  medium-sized penguins occurring in large colonies on the Adelie coast of Antarctica
                 subtype:  #king_penguin__Aptenodytes_patagonica  large penguin on islands bordering the Antarctic Circle
                 subtype:  #emperor_penguin__emperorpenguin__Aptenodytes_forsteri  the largest penguin; an Antarctic penguin
                 subtype:  #jackass_penguin__jackasspenguin__Spheniscus_demersus  small penguin of South America and southern Africa with a braying call
                 subtype:  #rock_hopper__crested_penguin__crestedpenguin  small penguin of the Falkland Islands and New Zealand
           subtype:  #pelagic_bird__pelagicbird__oceanic_bird__oceanicbird  bird of the open seas
              subtype:  #procellariiform_seabird__procellariiformseabird  large long-winged bird with hooked bill and tubular nostrils that wanders the open seas
              subtype:  #mollymawk__albatross__albatros  large web-footed birds of the southern hemisphere having long narrow wings; noted for powerful gliding flight
                 subtype:  #wandering_albatross__wanderingalbatros__Diomedea_exulans  very large albatross; white with wide black wings
                 subtype:  #black-footed_albatross__gooney__gooney_bird__goonie__goony__Diomedea_nigripes  a variety of albatross with black feet
              subtype:  #petrel  relatively small long-winged tube-nosed bird that flies far from land
                 subtype:  #white-chinned_petrel__whitechinnedpetrel__Procellaria_aequinoctialis  large black petrel of southern seas having a white mark on the chin
                 subtype:  #giant_petrel__giantpetrel__giantfulmar__macronectesgiganteu  large brownish petrel chiefly of Antarctic seas
                 subtype:  #fulmar_petrel__fulmar__Fulmarus_glacialis  heavy short-tailed oceanic bird of polar regions
                 subtype:  #shearwater  long-winged oceanic bird that in flight skims close to the waves
                    subtype:  #Manx_shearwater__Puffinus_puffinus  small black-and-white shearwater common in the eastern North Atlantic
                 subtype:  #storm_petrel__stormpetrel  any of various small petrels having dark plumage with paler underparts
                    subtype:  #stormy_petrel__northern_storm_petrel__Hydrobates_pelagicus  sooty black petrel with white markings; of the north Atlantic and Mediterranean
                    subtype:  #Mother_Carey's_chicken__Mother_Carey's_hen__Oceanites_oceanicus  medium-sized storm petrel
              subtype:  #diving_petrel  any of several small diving birds of S hemisphere seas; somewhat resemble auks
     subtype:  #twitterer  a bird that twitters
  subtype:  #amphibian  cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into adult form
     subtype:  #Hynerpeton_bassetti  fossil amphibian of the Devonian having well-developed forelimbs; found in Pennsylvania
     subtype:  #Ichyostega  early tetrapod amphibian found in Greenland
     subtype:  #urodele  amphibians that resemble lizards
     subtype:  #salamander  any of various typically terrestrial amphibians that resemble lizards and that return to water only to breed
        subtype:  #European_fire_salamander__Salamandra_salamandra  a kind of European salamander
        subtype:  #fire_salamander__spotted_salamander__spottedsalamander__Salamandra_maculosa  European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots
        subtype:  #alpine_salamander__Salamandra_atra  ovoviviparous amphibian of the Alps
        subtype:  #newt__triton  small usually bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America and Europe and North Asia
           subtype:  #common_newt__Triturus_vulgaris  small semiaquatic salamander
           subtype:  #red_eft__redeft__Notophthalmus_viridescens  red terrestrial form of a common North American newt
           subtype:  #Pacific_newt  any of several rough-skinned newts found in western North America
              subtype:  #rough-skinned_newt__roughskinnednewt__Taricha_granulosa  newt of humid coast from Alaska to southern California
              subtype:  #California_newt__Taricha_torosa  newt that is similar to Taricha granulosa in characteristics and habitat
           subtype:  #eft  a newt in its terrestrial stage of development
        subtype:  #ambystomid_salamander__ambystomid  small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander
           subtype:  #mole_salamander__Ambystoma_talpoideum  brownish-black burrowing salamander of southeastern United States
           subtype:  #spotted_salamander__spottedsalamander__Ambystoma_maculatum  glossy black North American salamander with yellow spots
           subtype:  #tiger_salamander__tigersalamander__Ambystoma_tigrinum  widely distributed brown or black North American salamander with vertical yellowish blotches
           subtype:  #axolotl__mud_puppy__Ambystoma_mexicanum  larval salamander of mountain lakes of Mexico that usually lives without metamorphosing
           subtype:  #waterdog  any of several large aquatic salamanders
        subtype:  #hellbender__mud_puppy__Cryptobranchus_alleganiensis  large salamander of North American rivers and streams
        subtype:  #giant_salamander__giantsalamander__megalobatrachusmaximu  large (up to more than three feet) edible salamander of Asia
        subtype:  #olm__Proteus_anguinus  European cave-dwelling aquatic salamander with permanent external gills
        subtype:  #mud_puppy__Necturus_maculosus  aquatic North American salamander with red feathery external gills
        subtype:  #dicamptodon__dicamptodontid  salamanders found near cold streams throughout the year
        subtype:  #Pacific_giant_salamander__Dicamptodon_ensatus  large (to 7 inches) salamander of western North America
        subtype:  #olympic_salamander__olympicsalamander__Rhyacotriton_olympicus  small large-eyed semiaquatic salamander of the United States northwest
        subtype:  #lungless_salamander__plethodont  mostly terrestrial salamanders that breathe through their thin moist skin; lay eggs in moist places on land; rarely enter water
        subtype:  #eastern_red-backed_salamander__Plethodon_cinereus  common salamander of eastern North America
        subtype:  #western_red-backed_salamander__Plethodon_vehiculum  salamander of the Pacific coast of North America
        subtype:  #dusky_salamander__duskysalamander  common North American salamander mottled with dull brown or grayish-black
        subtype:  #climbing_salamander  any of several North American salamanders adapted for climbing with well-developed limbs and long somewhat squared-off toes
           subtype:  #arboreal_salamander__Aneides_lugubris  yellow-spotted brown salamander of California woodlands
        subtype:  #slender_salamander__slendersalamander__worm_salamander  any of several small slim salamanders of the United States Pacific coast
        subtype:  #web-toed_salamander  any of several salamanders with webbed toes and very long extensile tongues; excellent climbers that move with ease over smooth rock surfaces
           subtype:  #Shasta_salamander__Hydromantes_shastae  primarily a cave dweller in the Mount Shasta area
           subtype:  #limestone_salamander__limestonesalamander__hydromantesbrunu  similar to Shasta salamander; lives in cliff crevices and taluses
        subtype:  #amphiuma__congo_snake__congo_eel__congoeel__blind_eel__blindeel  aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States
        subtype:  #siren  eel-like aquatic North American salamander with small forelimbs and no hind limbs; have permanent external gills
     subtype:  #toad__frog__toadfrog__anuran__batrachian__salientian  any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species
        subtype:  #true_frog__ranid  insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs
           subtype:  #woodfrog__Rana_sylvatica  wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce
           subtype:  #leopard_frog__leopardfrog__spring_frog__Rana_pipiens  common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots
           subtype:  #bullfrog__Rana_catesbeiana  largest North American frog; highly aquatic with a deep-pitched voice
           subtype:  #green_frog__greenfrog__spring_frog__Rana_clamitans  similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada
           subtype:  #cascades_frog__Rana_cascadae  mountain frog found near water; of United States northwest to California
           subtype:  #goliath_frog__goliathfrog__Rana_goliath  largest living frog; up to a foot and weighing up to 10 lbs; Africa
           subtype:  #pickerel_frog__Rana_palustris  a meadow frog of eastern North America
           subtype:  #tarahumara_frog__Rana_tarahumarae  Mexican frog found within a jump of two or water
           subtype:  #grass_frog__grassfrog__Rana_temporaria  a common semiterrestrial European frog
        subtype:  #leptodactylid_frog__leptodactylidfrog__leptodactylid  toothed frogs: terrestrial or aquatic or arboreal
        subtype:  #robber_frog  small terrestrial frog of tropical America
        subtype:  #barking_frog__barkingfrog__robber_frog__Hylactophryne_augusti  of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark
        subtype:  #crapaud__South_American_bullfrog__Leptodactylus_pentadactylus  large toothed frog of South and Central America resembling the bullfrog
        subtype:  #tree_frog__treefrog  any of various Old World arboreal frogs distinguished from true frogs by adhesive suckers on the toes
        subtype:  #tailed_frog__bell_toad__ribbed_toad__tailed_toad__Ascaphus_trui  western North American frog with a tail-like copulatory organ
        subtype:  #Liopelma_hamiltoni  primitive New Zealand frog with four unwebbed toes on forefeet and five on hind feet
        subtype:  #true_toad  tailless amphibian similar to a frog but more terrestrial and having drier warty skin
           subtype:  #bufo  any toad of the genus Bufo
           subtype:  #agua_toad__agua__Bufo_marinus  largest known toad species; native to Central America; valuable destroyer of insect pests
           subtype:  #European_toad__Bufo_bufo  common toad of Europe
           subtype:  #natterjack__Bufo_calamita  common brownish-yellow short-legged toad of western Europe; runs rather than hops
           subtype:  #American_toad__Bufo_americanus  common toad of America
           subtype:  #Eurasian_green_toad__Bufo_viridis  Eurasian toad with variable chiefly green coloring
           subtype:  #American_green_toad__Bufo_debilis  small green or yellow-green toad with small black bars and stripes
           subtype:  #Yosemite_toad__Bufo_canorus  of high Sierra Nevada meadows and forest borders
           subtype:  #Texas_toad__Bufo_speciosus  nocturnal burrowing toad of mesquite woodland and prairies of the United States southwest
           subtype:  #southwestern_toad__Bufo_microscaphus  a uniformly warty stocky toad of washes and streams of semiarid southwestern United States
           subtype:  #western_toad__westerntoad__Bufo_boreas  of a great variety of habitats from southern Alaska to Baja California west of the Rockies
        subtype:  #obstetrical_toad__obstetricaltoad__midwife_toad__midwifetoad__Alytes_obstetricans  European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch
        subtype:  #midwife_toad__midwifetoad__Alytes_cisternasi  similar in habit to Alytes obstetricians
        subtype:  #fire-bellied_toad__Bombina_bombina  toad of central and eastern Europe having red or orange patches on its underside
        subtype:  #spadefoot_toad__spadefoottoad__spadefoot  burrowing toad of the northern hemisphere with a horny spade-like projection on each hind foot
           subtype:  #western_spadefoot__westernspadefoot__Scaphiopus_hammondii  of California
           subtype:  #southern_spadefoot__Scaphiopus_multiplicatus  of the United States southwest
           subtype:  #plains_spadefoot__Scaphiopus_bombifrons  of plains and hills and river bottoms in areas of low rainfall east of the Rocky Mountains
        subtype:  #tree_toad__tree_frog  arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America
           subtype:  #spring_peeper__Hyla_crucifer  small brown tree toad having a shrill call heard near wetlands of eastern United States and Canada in early spring
           subtype:  #Pacific_tree_toad__Hyla_regilla  most commonly heard frog on the Pacific coast of America
           subtype:  #canyon_treefrog__Hyla_arenicolor  small chiefly ground dweller that stays within easy jumping distance of water; of United States southwest and northern Mexico
           subtype:  #chameleon_tree_frog  a form of tree toad
           subtype:  #cricket_frog__cricketfrog  either of two frogs with a clicking call
              subtype:  #northern_cricket_frog__Acris_crepitans  of eastern and central United States
              subtype:  #eastern_cricket_frog__easterncricketfrog__Acris_gryllus  cricket frog of eastern United States
           subtype:  #chorus_frog  any of several small North American frogs having a loud call
           subtype:  #lowland_burrowing_treefrog__lowlandburrowingtreefrog__northern_casque-headed_frog__Pternohyla_fodiens  terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest
        subtype:  #western_narrow-mouthed_toad__Gastrophryne_olivacea  small secretive toad with smooth tough skin of central and western North America
        subtype:  #eastern_narrow-mouthed_toad__Gastrophryne_carolinensis  small toad of southeastern United States
        subtype:  #sheep_frog__sheepfrog  mostly of Central America
        subtype:  #tongueless_frog  almost completely aquatic frog native to Africa and Panama and northern South America
           subtype:  #Surinam_toad__Pipa_pipa__Pipa_americana  South American toad; incubates its young in pits in the skin of its back
           subtype:  #African_clawed_frog__Xenopus_laevis  native to Africa; established in the United States as result of release of laboratory and aquarium animals
        subtype:  #South_American_poison_toad  a South American toad
     subtype:  #caecilian__blindworm  any of the small slender limbless burrowing wormlike amphibians of the order Gymnophiona; inhabit moist soil in tropical regions
     subtype:  #labyrinthodont  an amphibian of the superorder Labyrinthodontia
  subtype:  #reptile__reptilian  any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises turtles snakes lizards alligators crocodiles and extinct forms
     subtype:  #anapsid_reptile__anapsid  primitive reptile having no opening in the temporal region of the skull; all extinct except turtles
        subtype:  #chelonian_reptile__chelonianreptile__chelonian  a reptile of the order Chelonia
           subtype:  #turtle  any of various aquatic and land reptiles having a bony shell and flipper-like limbs for swimming
              subtype:  #sea_turtle__seaturtle__marine_turtle  any of various large turtles with limbs modified into flippers; widely distributed in warm seas
                 subtype:  #green_turtle__greenturtle__Chelonia_mydas  large tropical turtle with greenish flesh used for turtle soup
                 subtype:  #loggerhead_turtle__loggerhead__Caretta_caretta  very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide ranging in warm open seas
                 subtype:  #ridley  a marine turtle
                    subtype:  #Atlantic_ridley__bastard_ridley__bastardridley__bastard_turtle__bastardturtle__Lepidochelys_kempii  gray sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America
                    subtype:  #Pacific_ridley__olive_ridley__oliveridley__Lepidochelys_olivacea  olive-colored sea turtle of tropical Pacific and Indian and South Atlantic oceans
                 subtype:  #hawksbill_turtle__hawksbillturtle__hawksbill__hawkbill__tortoiseshell_turtle__tortoiseshellturtle__Eretmochelys_imbricata  pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell
                 subtype:  #leatherback_turtle__leatherbackturtle__leatherback__leatheryturtle__Dermochelys_coriacea  wide ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle
              subtype:  #snapping_turtle  large aggressive freshwater turtle with powerful jaws
                 subtype:  #common_snapping_turtle__snapper__chelydraserpentina  large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite
                 subtype:  #alligator_snapping_turtle__alligator_snapper__alligatorsnapper__Macroclemys_temmincki  large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States
              subtype:  #mud_turtle__mudturtle  bottom-dwelling freshwater turtle inhabiting muddy rivers of North and Central America
                 subtype:  #musk_turtle__stinkpot  small freshwater turtle having a strong musky odor
              subtype:  #terrapin  any of various edible North American web-footed turtles living in fresh or brackish water
                 subtype:  #diamondback_terrapin__diamondbackterrapin__Malaclemys_centrata  of marshes along Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States
              subtype:  #red-bellied_terrapin__redbelliedterrapin__red-bellied_turtle__redbelliedturtle__redbelly__Pseudemys_rubriventris  freshwater turtle of Chesapeake bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell
              subtype:  #yellow-bellied_terrapin__slider__Pseudemys_scripta  freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets
              subtype:  #river_cooter__rivercooter__cooter__Pseudemys_concinna  large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico
              subtype:  #box_turtle__boxturtle__box_tortoise__boxtortoise  chiefly terrestrial turtle of North America; shell can be closed tightly
                 subtype:  #Western_box_turtle__Terrapene_ornata  primarily a prairie turtle of western United States and northern Mexico
              subtype:  #painted_turtle__paintedturtle__painted_terrapin__paintedterrapin__painted_tortoise__paintedtortoise__chrysemyspicta  freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States
              subtype:  #tortoise  usually herbivorous land turtles having clawed elephant-like limbs; worldwide in arid area except Australia and Antarctica
                 subtype:  #European_tortoise__Testudo_graeca  small land tortoise of southern Europe
                 subtype:  #giant_tortoise__gianttortoise  very large tortoises of the Galapagos and Seychelles islands
                 subtype:  #gopher_tortoise__gopher_turtle__gopher__Gopherus_polypemus  burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America
                 subtype:  #desert_tortoise__Gopherus_agassizii  burrowing tortoise of the arid western United States and northern Mexico; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates
                 subtype:  #Texas_tortoise  close relative to the desert tortoise; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates
              subtype:  #soft-shelled_turtle__pancake_turtle__pancaketurtle  voracious aquatic turtle with a flat flexible shell covered by a leathery skin; can inflict painful bites
                 subtype:  #spiny_softshell__spinysoftshell__Trionyx_spiniferus  river turtle of western United States with a warty shell; prefers quiet water
                 subtype:  #smooth_softshell__Trionyx_muticus  river turtle of Mississippi basin; prefers running water
     subtype:  #diapsid_reptile__diapsid  reptile having a pair of openings in the skull behind each eye
        subtype:  #tuatara__Sphenodon_punctatum  only extant member of the order Rhynchocephalia of large spiny lizard-like diapsid reptiles of coastal islands off New Zealand
        subtype:  #saurian  any of various reptiles of the suborder Sauria which includes lizards; in former classifications included also the crocodiles and dinosaurs
           subtype:  #lizard  relatively long-bodied reptile with usually two pairs of legs and a tapering tail
              subtype:  #gecko  any of various small chiefly tropical and usually nocturnal insectivorous terrestrial lizards typically with immovable eyelids; completely harmless
                 subtype:  #flying_gecko__fringed_gecko__fringedgecko__Ptychozoon_homalocephalum  having membranous expansions along sides of body and limbs and tail
                 subtype:  #banded_gecko  any of several geckos with dard bands across the body and differing from typical geckos in having movable eyelids; of United States southwest and gulf coast to Florida
              subtype:  #iguanid_lizard__iguanidlizard__iguanid  lizards of the New World and Madagascar and some Pacific islands; typically having a long tail and bright throat patch in males
                 subtype:  #common_iguana__iguana__Iguana_iguana  large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central and South America
                 subtype:  #marine_iguana__Amblyrhynchus_cristatus  shore-dwelling seaweed-eating lizard of the Galapagos Islands
                 subtype:  #desert_iguana__Dipsosaurus_dorsalis  small long-tailed lizard of arid areas of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico
                 subtype:  #chuckwalla__Sauromalus_obesus  rock-dwelling herbivorous lizard of arid parts of southwestern United States and Mexico
                 subtype:  #zebra-tailed_lizard__gridiron-tailed_lizard__Callisaurus_draconoides  swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico
                 subtype:  #fringe-toed_lizard__Uma_notata  with long pointed scales around toes; of deserts of United States and Mexico
                 subtype:  #earless_lizard__earlesslizard  any of several slender lizards without external ear openings: of plains of western United States and Mexico
                 subtype:  #collared_lizard  any of several robust long-tailed lizards with collars of two dark bands; of central and western United States and northern Mexico
                 subtype:  #leopard_lizard__leopardlizard  any of several large lizards with many dark spots; of western United States and northern Mexico
                 subtype:  #spiny_lizard__spinylizard  any of numerous lizards with overlapping ridged pointed scales; of North and Central America
                    subtype:  #fence_lizard__fencelizard  spiny lizard often seen basking on fences in the United States and northern Mexico
                       subtype:  #western_fence_lizard__westernfencelizard__swift__blue-belly__Sceloporus_occidentalis  common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks
                       subtype:  #eastern_fence_lizard__easternfencelizard__pine_lizard__Sceloporus_undulatus  small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia
                    subtype:  #sagebrush_lizard__sagebrushlizard__Sceloporus_graciosus  a ground dweller that prefers open ground and scattered low bushes; of United States west between Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountains
                 subtype:  #side-blotched_lizard__sand_lizard__Uta_stansburiana  one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States
                 subtype:  #tree_lizard__Urosaurus_ornatus  a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico
                 subtype:  #horned_lizard__horned_toad__horny_frog__hornyfrog  insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America
                    subtype:  #Texas_horned_lizard__Phrynosoma_cornutum  of arid and semiarid open country
                 subtype:  #basilisk  small crested arboreal lizard able to run on its hind legs; of tropical America
                 subtype:  #American_chameleon__anole__Anolis_carolinensis  small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color
              subtype:  #worm_lizard  a lizard of the genus Amphisbaena; harmless wormlike limbless lizard of warm or tropical regions having concealed eyes and ears and a short blunt tail
              subtype:  #night_lizard__nightlizard  small secretive nocturnal lizard of southwestern North America and Cuba; bear live young
              subtype:  #skink__scincid__scincidlizard  alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide
                 subtype:  #western_skink__westernskink__Eumeces_skiltonianus  found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands
                 subtype:  #mountain_skink__Eumeces_callicephalus  frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico
              subtype:  #teiid_lizard__teiidlizard__teiid  tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail
                 subtype:  #whiptail_lizard__whiptail  any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards
                    subtype:  #six-lined_racerunner__sixlinedracerunner__racerunner__race_runner__Cnemidophorus_sexlineatus  very swift lizard of eastern and central United States
                    subtype:  #plateau_striped_whiptail__plateaustripedwhiptail__Cnemidophorus_velox  having distinct longitudinal stripes: of Colorado Plateau from Arizona to western Colorado
                    subtype:  #Chihuahuan_spotted_whiptail__Cnemidophorus_exsanguis  having longitudinal stripes overlaid with light spots; upland lizard of United States southwest and Mexico
                    subtype:  #western_whiptail__westernwhiptail__Cnemidophorus_tigris  active lizard having a network of dusky dark markings; of semiarid areas from Oregon and Idaho to Baja California
                    subtype:  #checkered_whiptail__checkeredwhiptail__Cnemidophorus_tesselatus  markings are darker and more marked than in western whiptail; from southeastern Colorado to eastern Chihuahua
                 subtype:  #teju  large (to 3 feet) blackish yellow-banded South American lizard; raid henhouses; used as food
                 subtype:  #caiman_lizard  crocodile-like lizard of South America having powerful jaws for crushing snails and mussels
              subtype:  #agamid_lizard__agamid  a lizard of the family Agamidae
                 subtype:  #agama  small terrestrial lizard of warm regions of the Old World
                 subtype:  #frilled_lizard__frilledlizard__Chlamydosaurus_kingi  large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck
                 subtype:  #flying_dragon__dragon__flying_lizard  any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body
                 subtype:  #moloch  any lizard of the genus Moloch
                    subtype:  #mountain_devil__spiny_lizard__spinylizard__molochhorridu  desert lizard that feeds on ants
              subtype:  #anguid_lizard  any of a small family of lizards widely distributed in warm areas; all are harmless and useful as destroyers of e.g. slugs and insects
                 subtype:  #alligator_lizard__alligatorlizard  slim short-limbed lizard having a distinctive fold on each side that permits expansion; of western North America
                 subtype:  #blindworm__slowworm__Anguis_fragilis  small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind
                 subtype:  #glass_lizard__glasslizard__glass_snake__glasssnake__joint_snake__jointsnake  snakelike lizard of Europe Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail
              subtype:  #legless_lizard__leglesslizard  degenerate wormlike burrowing lizard of California closely related to alligator lizards
              subtype:  #Lanthanotus_borneensis  a stout-bodied pleurodont lizard of Borneo
              subtype:  #venomous_lizard  any of two or three large heavy-bodied lizards; only known venomous lizards
                 subtype:  #Gila_monster__Heloderma_suspectum  large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested
                 subtype:  #Mexican_beaded_lizard__beaded_lizard__Heloderma_horridum  lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico
              subtype:  #lacertid_lizard__lacertid  Old World terrestrial lizard
                 subtype:  #sand_lizard__Lacerta_agilis  a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia
                 subtype:  #green_lizard__greenlizard__lacertaviridi  a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long
              subtype:  #chameleon__chamaeleon  lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue
                 subtype:  #African_chameleon__Chamaeleo_chamaeleon  a chameleon found in Africa
                 subtype:  #horned_chameleon__Chamaeleo_oweni  a kind of chameleon
              subtype:  #monitor_lizard__monitorlizard__monitor__varan  any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles
                 subtype:  #African_monitor__Varanus_niloticus  destroys crocodile eggs
                 subtype:  #Komodo_dragon__Komodo_lizard__dragon_lizard__giant_lizard__giantlizard__Varanus_komodoensis  the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands
        subtype:  #archosaur__archosaurian__archosaurian_reptile  extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
           subtype:  #dinosaur  any of numerous extinct terrestrial reptiles of the Mesozoic era
              subtype:  #ornithischian_dinosaur__ornithischiandinosaur__ornithischian  herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird
                 subtype:  #pisanosaur__pisanosaurus  primitive dinosaur found in Argentina
                 subtype:  #staurikosaur__staurikosaurus  primitive dinosaur found in Brazil
                 subtype:  #armored_dinosaur__armoreddinosaur  dinosaurs having bony armour
                    subtype:  #stegosaur__stegosaurus__stegosauru__Stegosaur_stenops  herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon
                    subtype:  #ankylosaur__ankylosaurus  having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's
                       subtype:  #Edmontonia  heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture
                 subtype:  #bone-headed_dinosaur  bipedal herbivorous dinosaurs with bony crowns
                    subtype:  #pachycephalosaur__pachycephalosaurus  bipedal herbivore having 10 inches of bone atop its head; largest bone-headed dinosaur ever found
                 subtype:  #ceratopsian__horned_dinosaur  any of several four-footed herbivorous horned dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia
                    subtype:  #protoceratops__protoceratop  small horned dinosaur
                    subtype:  #triceratops__triceratop  huge ceratopsian dinosaur having three horns and the neck heavily armored with a very solid frill
                    subtype:  #styracosaur__styracosaurus__styracosauru  an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous
                    subtype:  #psittacosaur__psittacosaurus  primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind and short front limbs; may have been bipedal
                 subtype:  #ornithopod_dinosaur__ornithopod  bipedal herbivorous dinosaur
                 subtype:  #hadrosaur__hadrosaurus__hadrosauru__duck-billed_dinosaur  any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic
                    subtype:  #anatotitan  one of the largest and most famous duck-billed dinosaurs
                    subtype:  #corythosaur__corythosaurus__corythosauru  duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet
                    subtype:  #edmontosaurus__edmontosauru  duck-billed dinosaur from Canada found as a fossilized mummy with skin
                    subtype:  #trachodon__trachodont  large duck-billed dinosaur of the Upper Cretaceous
              subtype:  #iguanodon  massive herbivorous bipedal dinosaur with a long heavy tail; common in Europe and North Africa; early Cretaceous
              subtype:  #saurischian_dinosaur__saurischiandinosaur__saurischian  herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile
                 subtype:  #sauropod_dinosaur__sauropod  very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal
                    subtype:  #apatosaur__apatosaurus__brontosaur__brontosaurus__thunder_lizard__thunderlizard__Apatosaurus_excelsus  huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in N. America in the late Jurassic
                    subtype:  #barosaur__barosaurus  5-story-tall dinosaur
                 subtype:  #theropod_dinosaur__theropod__bird-footed_dinosaur  any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs
                    subtype:  #ceratosaur__ceratosaurus  primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America
                       subtype:  #coelophysis__coelophysi  one of the oldest known dinosaurs; late Triassic; cannibalistic
                    subtype:  #carnosaur  large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having huge claws
                    subtype:  #tyrannosaur__tyrannosauru__Tyrannosaurus_rex  large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; Upper Cretaceous; North America
                    subtype:  #allosaur__allosaurus  late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus
                    subtype:  #compsognathus__compsognathu  very small bipedal carnivorous dinosaur of the late Jurassic in Bavaria
                    subtype:  #herrerasaur__herrerasaurus__herrerasauru  a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina
                    subtype:  #eoraptor  a theropod dinosaur of the genus Eoraptor
                    subtype:  #megalosaur__megalosaurus  gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe
                    subtype:  #ornithomimid  lightly built medium-sized dinosaur having extremely long limbs and necks with small heads and big brains and large eyes
                       subtype:  #struthiomimus__struthiomimu  small light-boned toothless dinosaur resembling an ostrich in size and proportions
                       subtype:  #deinocheirus  lightly built medium-sized theropod with long limbs and neck
                    subtype:  #maniraptor  advanced carnivorous theropod
                       subtype:  #oviraptorid  advanced carnivorous theropod
                       subtype:  #velociraptor  small active carnivore that probably fed on protoceratops; possibly related more closely to birds than to other dinosaurs
                       subtype:  #dromaeosaur  a kind of maniraptor
                       subtype:  #deinonychus__deinonychu  swift agile wolf-sized bipedal dinosaur having a large curved claw on each hind foot; of the Cretaceous
                       subtype:  #utahraptor__superslasher  large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright 15-in slashing claw on each hind foot; early Cretaceous
                       subtype:  #Mononychus_olecranus  75-million-year-old turkey-sized long-legged fossil found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia having birdlike fused wrist bones and keeled breastbone and a long tail resembling a dinosaur's; short 3-inch-long forelimbs end in a single claw instead of wings; classification as bird or dinosaur is in dispute
              subtype:  #diplodocus  huge quadrupedal herbivore with long neck and tail; of late Jurassic in western N. America
              subtype:  #titanosaur__titanosaurian  amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere
                 subtype:  #genus_Argentinosaurus  enormous dinosaur of the middle Cretaceous found in Argentina
              subtype:  #argentinosaur  huge herbivorous dinosaur of Cretaceous found in Argentina
              subtype:  #ground-shaker__seismosaur  huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America
           subtype:  #pterosaur__flying_reptile  extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a birdlike beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb
              subtype:  #pterodactyl  extinct flying reptile
           subtype:  #thecodont_reptile__thecodontreptile__thecodont  presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds
           subtype:  #ichthyosaur  any of several marine reptiles of the Mesozoic having a body like a porpoise with dorsal and tail fins and paddle-shaped limbs
              subtype:  #ichthyosaurus__ichthyosauru  ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic
              subtype:  #stenopterygius__Stenopterygius_quadrisicissus  an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius
           subtype:  #plesiosaur__plesiosaurus  extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
           subtype:  #nothosaur  extinct marine reptile with longer more slender limbs than plesiosaurs and less completely modified for swimming
        subtype:  #crocodilian_reptile__crocodilianreptile__crocodilian  extant archosaurian reptile
           subtype:  #crocodile  large voracious aquatic reptile having a long snout with massive jaws and a body covered with bony plates; of sluggish tropical waters
              subtype:  #African_crocodile__Nile_crocodile__Crocodylus_niloticus  a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa
              subtype:  #Asian_crocodile__Crocodylus_porosus  estuarine crocodile of eastern Asia and Pacific islands
              subtype:  #Morlett's_crocodile__morlett'scrocodile  a variety of crocodile
           subtype:  #false_gavial__falsegavial__tomistomaschlegeli  crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial
           subtype:  #alligator  either of two amphibious reptiles with shorter broader snouts than crocodiles
              subtype:  #American_alligator__Alligator_mississipiensis  large alligator of southeastern United States
              subtype:  #Chinese_alligator__Alligator_sinensis  small of the Yangtze valley of China having unwebbed digits
           subtype:  #cayman__caiman  alligator-like reptile of Central and South America having a more heavily armored belly
              subtype:  #spectacled_caiman__Caiman_sclerops  caiman with bony ridges about the eyes; found from southern Mexico to Argentina
           subtype:  #gavial__Gavialis_gangeticus  large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout
        subtype:  #ophidian__snake__serpent  limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous
           subtype:  #colubrid_snake__colubrid  mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes
              subtype:  #hoop_snake  any of various harmless North American snakes that were formerly believed to take tail in mouth and roll along like a hoop
              subtype:  #thunder_snake__thundersnake__worm_snake__Carphophis_amoenus  small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States
              subtype:  #ringneck_snake__ring-necked_snake__ring_snake  any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck
              subtype:  #hognose_snake__hognosesnake__puff_adder__sand_viper  harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed
              subtype:  #leaf-nosed_snake  any of various pale blotched snakes with a blunt snout of southwestern North America
              subtype:  #grass_snake__grasssnake__green_snake__greensnake  either of two N. American chiefly insectivorous green snakes
                 subtype:  #smooth_green_snake__Opheodrys_vernalis  of western and central United States
                 subtype:  #rough_green_snake__roughgreensnake__Opheodrys_aestivus  of southern and eastern United States
              subtype:  #green_snake__greensnake  any of numerous African green snakes
              subtype:  #racer  slender fast-moving North American snakes
                 subtype:  #blacksnake__black_racer__Coluber_constrictor  blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet
                    subtype:  #blue_racer__Coluber_constrictor_flaviventris  bluish-green blacksnake found from Ohio to Texas
                 subtype:  #horseshoe_whipsnake__Coluber_hippocrepis  slender fast-moving Eurasian snake
              subtype:  #whipsnake__whip_snake  any of several fast-moving North American snakes with long whiplike tails
                 subtype:  #coachwhip_snake__coachwhipsnake__coachwhip__Masticophis_flagellum  a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip
                 subtype:  #California_whipsnake__striped_racer__stripedracer__Masticophis_lateralis  a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides
                 subtype:  #Sonoran_whipsnake__Masticophis_bilineatus  both terrestrial and arboreal snake of United States southwest
              subtype:  #rat_snake__ratsnake  any of various nonvenomous rodent-eating snakes of North America and Asia
                 subtype:  #corn_snake__red_rat_snake__redratsnake__Elaphe_guttata  large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms
                 subtype:  #black_rat_snake__blackratsnake__blacksnake__pilot_blacksnake__pilotblacksnake__mountain_blacksnake__Elaphe_obsoleta  large harmless shiny black North American snake
                 subtype:  #chicken_snake__chickensnake  large North American snake
                 subtype:  #Indian_rat_snake__Ptyas_mucosus  enter buildings in pursuit of prey
              subtype:  #glossy_snake__Arizona_elegans  nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales
              subtype:  #bull_snake  any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes
                 subtype:  #gopher_snake__Pituophis_melanoleucus  bull snake of western North America that invades rodent burrows
                 subtype:  #pine_snake  any of several bull snakes of eastern and southeastern United States found chiefly in pine woods; now threatened
              subtype:  #king_snake  any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals
                 subtype:  #common_kingsnake__Lampropeltis_getulus  widespread in United States except northern regions; black or brown with yellow bands
                 subtype:  #milk_snake__house_snake__housesnake__milk_adder__checkered_adder__checkeredadder__Lampropeltis_triangulum  nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes
              subtype:  #garter_snake__grass_snake__grasssnake  any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North and Central American snakes
                 subtype:  #common_garter_snake__Thamnophis_sirtalis  widespread in North America
                 subtype:  #ribbon_snake__Thamnophis_sauritus  slender yellow-striped North American garter snake; prefers wet places
                 subtype:  #Western_ribbon_snake__Thamnophis_proximus  yellow- or reddish-striped snake of temperate woodlands and grasslands to tropics
              subtype:  #lined_snake__Tropidoclonion_lineatum  secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States
              subtype:  #ground_snake__Sonora_semiannulata  small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America
              subtype:  #eastern_ground_snake__Potamophis_striatula__Haldea_striatula  in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-gray snake of eastern North America
              subtype:  #water_snake__watersnake  any of various mostly harmless snakes that live in or near water
                 subtype:  #common_water_snake__banded_water_snake__Natrix_sipedon__Nerodia_sipedon  in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water
                 subtype:  #water_moccasin__watermoccasin  any of numerous North American water snakes inhabiting fresh waters
                 subtype:  #ring_snake__grass_snake__grasssnake__ringed_snake__Natrix_natrix  harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England
                    subtype:  #viperine_grass_snake__Natrix_maura  a small harmless grass snake
              subtype:  #red-bellied_snake__redbelliedsnake__Storeria_occipitamaculata  harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States
              subtype:  #sand_snake  small North American burrowing snake
                 subtype:  #banded_sand_snake__Chilomeniscus_cinctus  a sand snake of southwestern United States; lives in fine to coarse sand or loamy soil in which it `swims'; banding resembles that of coral snakes
              subtype:  #black-headed_snake  small secretive ground-dwelling snake; found from central United States to Argentina
              subtype:  #vine_snake  slender arboreal snake found from southern Arizona to Bolivia
              subtype:  #lyre_snake  mildly venomous snake with a lyre-shaped mark on the head; found in rocky areas from southwestern United States to Central America
                 subtype:  #Sonoran_lyre_snake__Trimorphodon_lambda  of desert regions of southwestern North America
              subtype:  #night_snake__Hypsiglena_torquata  nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico
              subtype:  #indigo_snake__gopher_snake__Drymarchon_corais  large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico
                 subtype:  #eastern_indigo_snake__Drymarchon_corais_couperi  a variety of indigo snake
           subtype:  #blind_snake__blindsnake__worm_snake  wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes
              subtype:  #western_blind_snake__westernblindsnake__Leptotyphlops_humilis  burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States
           subtype:  #constrictor  any of various large nonvenomous snakes that kill their prey by crushing it in its coils
              subtype:  #boa  any of several chiefly tropical constrictors with vestigial hind limbs
                 subtype:  #boa_constrictor__boaconstrictor__Constrictor_constrictor  very large boa of tropical America and West Indies
                 subtype:  #rubber_boa__tow-headed_snake__Charina_bottae  boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape
                 subtype:  #rosy_boa__Lichanura_trivirgata  boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States
                 subtype:  #anaconda__Eunectes_murinus  large arboreal boa of tropical South America
                 subtype:  #python  large Old World boas
                    subtype:  #carpet_snake__Python_variegatus__Morelia_spilotes_variegatus  Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back
                    subtype:  #reticulated_python__reticulatedpython__Python_reticulatus  of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world
                    subtype:  #Indian_python__Python_molurus  very large python of southeast Asia
                    subtype:  #rock_python__rock_snake__Python_sebae  very large python of tropical and southern Africa
                    subtype:  #amethystine_python__amethystinepython  with an amethyst color
           subtype:  #elapid_snake__elapid  any of numerous venomous fanged snakes of warmer parts of both hemispheres
              subtype:  #New_World_coral_snake__coral_snake__coralsnake__harlequin-snake__harlequinsnake  any of several venomous New World snakes brilliantly banded in red and black and either yellow or white; widely distributed in South and Central America
                 subtype:  #eastern_coral_snake__easterncoralsnake__Micrurus_fulvius  ranges from Central America to southeastern United States
                 subtype:  #western_coral_snake__westerncoralsnake__Micruroides_euryxanthus  ranges from Central America to southwestern United States
              subtype:  #Old_World_coral_snake__coral_snake__coralsnake  any of various venomous elapid snakes of Asia and Africa and Australia
                 subtype:  #Asian_coral_snake  of India
                 subtype:  #African_coral_snake__Aspidelaps_lubricus  small widely distributed arboreal snake of southern Africa banded in black and orange
                 subtype:  #Australian_coral_snake__Rhynchoelaps_australis  small venomous but harmless snake marked with black-and-white on red
              subtype:  #Denisonia_superba__copperhead  venomous but sluggish reddish-brown snake of Australia
              subtype:  #cobra  venomous Asiatic and African elapid snakes that can expand the skin of the neck into a hood
                 subtype:  #Indian_cobra__Naja_naja  of tropical Africa and Asia
                 subtype:  #asp__Egyptian_cobra__Naja_haje  cobra used by the Pharaohs as a symbol of their power over life and death
                 subtype:  #black-necked_cobra__spitting_cobra__Naja_nigricollis  aggressive cobra widely distributed in Africa; rarely bites but spits venom that may cause blindness
                 subtype:  #king_cobra__hamadryad__Ophiophagus_hannan__Naja_hannah  large cobra of southeastern Asia and the East Indies; the largest venomous snake; sometimes placed in genus Naja
              subtype:  #ringhals__rinkhals__spitting_snake__Hemachatus_haemachatus  highly venomous snake of southern Africa able to spit venom up to seven feet
              subtype:  #mamba  arboreal snake of central and southern Africa whose bite is often fatal
                 subtype:  #black_mamba__blackmamba__Dendroaspis_augusticeps  southern African mamba dreaded because of its quickness and readiness to bite
                    subtype:  #green_mamba__greenmamba  green phase of the black mamba
              subtype:  #death_adder__Acanthophis_antarcticus  venomous Australian snake resembling an adder
              subtype:  #tiger_snake__Notechis_scutatus  highly venomous brown-and-yellow snake of Australia and Tasmania
              subtype:  #Australian_blacksnake__Pseudechis_porphyriacus  large semiaquatic snake of Australia; black above with red belly
              subtype:  #krait  brightly colored venomous but nonaggressive snake of southeastern Asia and Malay peninsula
                 subtype:  #banded_krait__banded_adder__Bungarus_fasciatus  sluggish krait banded with black and yellow
              subtype:  #taipan__Oxyuranus_scutellatus  large highly venomous snake of northeastern Australia
           subtype:  #sea_snake__seasnake  any of numerous venomous aquatic viviparous snakes having a fin-like tail; of warm littoral seas; feed on fish which they immobilize with quick-acting venom
           subtype:  #viper  venomous Old World snakes characterized by hollow venom-conducting fangs in the upper jaw
              subtype:  #common_viper__adder__Vipera_berus  small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia
              subtype:  #asp_viper__aspviper__asp__Vipera_aspis  of southern Europe; similar to but smaller than the adder
              subtype:  #puff_adder__Bitis_arietans  large African viper that inflates its body when alarmed
              subtype:  #gaboon_viper__Bitis_gabonica  large heavy-bodied brilliantly marked and extremely venomous west African viper
              subtype:  #horned_viper__cerastes__sand_viper__horned_asp__Cerastes_cornutus  highly venomous viper of North Africa and southwest Asia having a horny spine above each eye
              subtype:  #pit_viper__pitviper  New World vipers with hollow fangs and a heat-sensitive pit on each side of the head
                 subtype:  #copperhead__Agkistrodon_contortrix  common coppery brown pit viper of upland eastern United States
                 subtype:  #cottonmouth__water_moccasin__watermoccasin__cottonmouth_moccasin__cottonmouthmoccasin__agkistrodonpiscivoru  venomous semiaquatic snake of swamps in southern United States
                 subtype:  #rattlesnake  pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken
                    subtype:  #diamondback_rattlesnake__diamondbackrattlesnake__diamondback__crotalusadamanteu  large deadly rattlesnake with diamond-shaped markings
                    subtype:  #timber_rattlesnake__banded_rattlesnake__Crotalus_horridus_horridus  widely distributed in rugged ground of eastern United States
                       subtype:  #canebrake_rattlesnake__canebrakerattlesnake__canebrake_rattler__canebrakerattler__Crotalus_horridus_atricaudatus  southern variety
                    subtype:  #prairie_rattlesnake__prairie_rattler__Western_rattlesnake__Crotalus_viridis  widely distributed between the Mississippi and the Rockies
                    subtype:  #horned_rattlesnake__sidewinder__Crotalus_cerastes  small pale-colored desert rattlesnake of southwestern United States; body moves in an S-shaped curve
                    subtype:  #Western_diamondback_rattlesnake__Western_diamondback__Crotalus_atrox  largest and most dangerous North American snake; of southwestern United States and Mexico
                    subtype:  #rock_rattlesnake__Crotalus_lepidus  mountain rock dweller of Mexico and most southern parts of United States southwest
                    subtype:  #tiger_rattlesnake__tigerrattlesnake__Crotalus_tigris  having irregularly cross-banded back; of arid foothills and canyons of southern Arizona and Mexico
                    subtype:  #Mojave_rattlesnake__Crotalus_scutulatus  extremely dangerous; most common in areas of scattered scrubby growth; from Mojave Desert to w. Texas and into Mexico
                    subtype:  #speckled_rattlesnake__Crotalus_mitchellii  markings vary but usually harmonize with background; of sw Arizona and Baja California
                    subtype:  #massasauga_rattler__massasauga__Sistrurus_catenatus  pygmy rattlesnake found in moist areas from the Great Lakes to Mexico; feeds on mice and small amphibians
                    subtype:  #ground_rattler__massasauga__Sistrurus_miliaris  small pygmy rattlesnake
                 subtype:  #fer-de-lance__Bothrops_atrops  large extremely venomous pit viper of Central and South America
     subtype:  #subclass_Diapsida__Diapsida  used in former classifications to include all living reptiles except turtles; superseded by the two subclasses Lepidosauria and Archosauria
     subtype:  #synapsid_reptile__synapsid  extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull
        subtype:  #therapsid__protomammal  probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals
           subtype:  #Chronoperates_paradoxus  shrew-sized protomammal from the Alberta Canada region; of about 55 million years ago (much more recent than other mammal-like reptiles)
           subtype:  #cynodont  small carnivorous reptiles
           subtype:  #dicynodont  a kind of therapsid
        subtype:  #ictodosaur  intermediate in form between the therapsids and most primitive true mammals
        subtype:  #pelycosaur  large primitive reptile having a tall spinal sail; of the Permian or late Paleozoic in Europe and North America
        subtype:  #edaphosaurus  heavy-bodied reptile with a dorsal sail or crest; of the late Paleozoic
        subtype:  #dimetrodon  carnivorous dinosaur of the Permian in North America having a crest or dorsal sail
  subtype:  #mammal  any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk
     subtype:  #female_mammal  animals that nourish their young with milk
     subtype:  #tusker  any mammal with prominent tusks (especially an elephant or wild boar)
     subtype:  #prototherian  primitive oviparous mammals found only in Australia Tasmania and New Guinea
        subtype:  #monotreme__egglayingmammal  the most primitive mammals comprising the only extant members of the subclass Prototheria
           subtype:  #echidna__spiny_anteater__spinyanteater__anteater  burrowing spine-covered monotreme of Australia having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites
           subtype:  #spiny_anteater__spinyanteater__echidna__anteater  New Guinea echidnas
           subtype:  #duck-billed_platypus__platypus__duckbill__duckbilled_platypus__Ornithorhynchus_anatinus  small densely furred aquatic monotreme of Australia and Tasmania having a broad bill and tail and webbed feet; only species in the family Ornithorhynchidae
     subtype:  #metatherian  primitive pouched mammals found mainly in Australia and the Americas
        subtype:  #marsupial__pouched_mammal__pouchedmammal  mammals of which the females have a pouch (the marsupium) containing the teats where the young are fed and carried
           subtype:  #opossum__possum  nocturnal arboreal marsupial having a naked prehensile tail found from southern North America to northern South America
              subtype:  #common_opossum__Didelphis_virginiana__Didelphis_marsupialis  omnivorous opossum of the eastern United States; noted for feigning death when in danger; esteemed as food in some areas; considered same species as the crab-eating opossum of South America
              subtype:  #crab-eating_opossum  South American opossum
           subtype:  #opossum_rat__opossumrat  terrestrial marsupials of southern South America that resemble shrews
           subtype:  #bandicoot  any of various agile rat-like terrestrial marsupials of Australia and adjacent islands; insectivorous and herbivorous
              subtype:  #rabbit-eared_bandicoot__rabbit_bandicoot__bilby__Macrotis_lagotis  bandicoot with leathery ears like a rabbit
           subtype:  #kangaroo  any of several herbivorous leaping marsupials of Australia and New Guinea having large powerful hind legs and a long thick tail
              subtype:  #giant_kangaroo__giantkangaroo__great_gray_kangaroo__Macropus_giganteus  very large grayish-brown Australian kangaroo formerly abundant in open wooded areas
              subtype:  #wallaby__brush_kangaroo__brushkangaroo  any of various small or medium-sized kangaroos often brightly colored
                 subtype:  #common_wallaby__Macropus_agiles  height 30 inches
                 subtype:  #hare_wallaby__kangaroo_hare  small Australian wallaby that resembles a hare and has persistent teeth
                 subtype:  #nail-tailed_wallaby__nail-tailed_kangaroo  small wallabies with a horny nail on the tip of the tail
                 subtype:  #rock_wallaby__rock_kangaroo  slender long-legged Australian wallabies living in caves and rocky areas
                 subtype:  #pademelon__paddymelon  small reddish-brown wallabies of scrubby areas of Australia and New Guinea
                 subtype:  #tree_wallaby__tree_kangaroo  arboreal wallabies of New Guinea and northern Australia having hind and forelegs of similar length
              subtype:  #musk_kangaroo__Hypsiprymnodon_moschatus  small kangaroo of northeastern Australia
              subtype:  #rat_kangaroo__ratkangaroo__kangaroo_rat  any of several rabbit-sized rat-like Australian kangaroos
                 subtype:  #potoroo  Australian rat kangaroos
                 subtype:  #bettong  short-nosed rat kangaroo
                 subtype:  #jerboa_kangaroo__kangaroo_jerboa  brush-tailed rat kangaroo
           subtype:  #phalanger__opossum__possum  small furry Australian arboreal marsupials having long usually prehensile tails
              subtype:  #cuscus  woolly-haired monkey-like arboreal marsupial of New Guinea and North Australia
              subtype:  #brush-tailed_phalanger__Trichosurus_vulpecula  bushy-tailed phalanger
              subtype:  #flying_phalanger__flying_opossum__flying_squirrel  nocturnal phalangers that move with gliding leaps using parachute-like folds of skin along the sides of the body
                 subtype:  #flying_mouse  tiny flying phalanger
              subtype:  #koala_bear__koalabear__koala__kangaroo_bear__native_bear__Phascolarctos_cinereus  sluggish tailless Australian arboreal marsupial with gray furry ears and coat; feeds on eucalyptus leaves and bark
           subtype:  #wombat  burrowing herbivorous Australian marsupials about the size of a badger
           subtype:  #dasyurid_marsupial__dasyurid  small carnivorous nocturnal marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
              subtype:  #dasyure  any of several more or less arboreal marsupials somewhat resembling martens
                 subtype:  #eastern_dasyure__Dasyurus_quoll  a variety of dasyure
                 subtype:  #native_cat__Dasyurus_viverrinus  carnivorous arboreal catlike marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
              subtype:  #thylacine__Tasmanian_wolf__Tasmanian_tiger__Thylacinus_cynocephalus  rare doglike carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania having stripes on its back; probably extinct
              subtype:  #Tasmanian_devil__ursine_dasyure__Sarcophilus_hariisi  small ferocious carnivorous marsupial having a mostly black coat and long tail
              subtype:  #pouched_mouse__pouchedmouse__marsupial_mouse__marsupialmouse__marsupial_rat__marsupialrat  any of numerous small sharp-nosed insectivorous marsupials superficially resembling mice or rats
              subtype:  #numbat__banded_anteater__anteater__Myrmecobius_fasciatus  small Australian marsupial having long snout and strong claws for feeding on termites; nearly extinct
           subtype:  #pouched_mole__pouchedmole__marsupialmole__Notoryctus_typhlops  small burrowing Australian marsupial that resembles a mole
     subtype:  #placental_mammal__placentalmammal__placental__eutherian__eutherian_mammal__eutherianmammal  mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
        subtype:  #livestock__stock__farm_animal  not used technically; any animals kept for use or profit
        subtype:  #bull.placental_mammal  mature male of various mammals of which the female is called `cow'; e.g. whales or elephants or especially cattle
        subtype:  #cow  mature female of mammals of which the male is called `bull'
        subtype:  #yearling  an animal in its second year
        subtype:  #buck  mature male of various mammals (especially deer or antelope)
           subtype:  #stag  adult male deer
              subtype:  #royal_stag__royalstag__royal  stag with antlers of 12 or more branches
        subtype:  #doe  mature female of mammals of which the male is called `buck'
        subtype:  #insectivore  small insect-eating mainly nocturnal terrestrial or fossorial mammals
           subtype:  #mole  small velvety-furred burrowing mammal having small eyes and fossorial forefeet
              subtype:  #starnose_mole__star-nosed_mole__Condylura_cristata  amphibious mole of eastern North America having pink fleshy tentacles around the nose
              subtype:  #brewer's_mole__hair-tailed_mole__Parascalops_breweri  mole of eastern North America
              subtype:  #golden_mole  mole of southern Africa having iridescent guard hairs mixed with the underfur
              subtype:  #shrew_mole__shrewmole  slender mole having a long snout and tail
                 subtype:  #Asiatic_shrew_mole__Uropsilus_soricipes  shrew mole of eastern Asia
                 subtype:  #American_shrew_mole__Neurotrichus_gibbsii  grayish-black shrew mole of the United States and Canada
           subtype:  #shrewmouse__shrew  small mouselike mammal with a long snout; related to moles
              subtype:  #common_shrew__Sorex_araneus  common American shrew
              subtype:  #masked_shrew__Sorex_cinereus  commonest shrew of moist habitats in North America
              subtype:  #short-tailed_shrew__Blarina_brevicauda  North American shrew with tail less than half its body length
              subtype:  #water_shrew__watershrew  any of several small semiaquatic shrews usually living near swift-flowing streams
                 subtype:  #American_water_shrew__Sorex_palustris  water shrew of North America
                 subtype:  #European_water_shrew__Neomys_fodiens  widely distributed Old World water shrew
                 subtype:  #Mediterranean_water_shrew__Neomys_anomalus  a type of water shrew
              subtype:  #least_shrew__leastshrew__Cryptotis_parva  small brown shrew of grassy regions of eastern United States
           subtype:  #hedgehog__Erinaceus_europaeus__Erinaceus_europeaeus  small nocturnal Old World mammal covered with both hair and protective spines
           subtype:  #tenrec__tendrac  small often spiny insectivorous mammal of Madagascar; resembles a hedgehog
              subtype:  #tailless_tenrec__Tenrec_ecaudatus  prolific animal that feeds chiefly on earthworms
           subtype:  #otter_shrew__ottershrew__potamogale__Potamogale_velox  amphibious African insectivorous mammal that resembles an otter
        subtype:  #aquatic_mammal__aquaticmammal  whales and dolphins; manatees and dugongs; walruses; seals
           subtype:  #cetacean_mammal__cetacean__blower  large aquatic carnivorous mammal with fin-like forelimbs no hind limbs, including: whales; dolphins; porpoises; narwhals
              subtype:  #whale  any of the larger cetacean mammals having a streamlined body and breathing through a blowhole on the head
                 subtype:  #baleen_whale__whalebone_whale__whalebonewhale  whale with plates of whalebone along the upper jaw for filtering plankton from the water
                    subtype:  #right_whale__rightwhale  large arctic whalebone whale; allegedly the `right' whale to hunt because of its valuable whalebone and oil
                    subtype:  #bowhead_whale__bowheadwhale__bowhead__Greenland_whale__Balaena_mysticetus  large-mouthed arctic whale
                    subtype:  #rorqual__razorback  any of several baleen whales of of the family Balaenopteridae having longitudinal grooves on the throat and a small pointed dorsal fin
                       subtype:  #finback_whale__finbackwhale__finback__finwhale__common_rorqual__Balaenoptera_physalus  large flat-headed whalebone whale having deep furrows along the throat; of Atlantic and Pacific
                       subtype:  #sei_whale__seiwhale__Balaenoptera_borealis  similar to but smaller than the finback whale
                       subtype:  #lesser_rorqual__piked_whale__pikedwhale__minke_whale__minkewhale__Balaenoptera_acutorostrata  small finback of coastal waters of Atlantic and Pacific
                    subtype:  #blue_whale__sulfur_bottom__Balaenoptera_musculus  largest mammal ever known; bluish-gray migratory whalebone whale mostly of southern hemisphere
                    subtype:  #humpback_whale__humpback__Megaptera_novaeangliae  large whalebone whale with long flippers noted for arching or humping its back as it dives
                    subtype:  #gray_whale__devilfish__Eschrichtius_gibbosus__Eschrichtius_robustus  medium-sized grayish-black whale of the north Pacific
                 subtype:  #toothed_whale__toothedwhale  any of several whales having simple conical teeth and feeding on fish etc.
                    subtype:  #sperm_whale__spermwhale__cachalot__black_whale__blackwhale__Physeter_catodon  large whale with a large cavity in the head containing spermaceti and oil; also a source of ambergris
                    subtype:  #pygmy_sperm_whale__pygmyspermwhale__Kogia_breviceps  small sperm whale of warm waters of both coasts of North America
                    subtype:  #dwarf_sperm_whale__dwarfspermwhale__kogiasimu  very small (to 8 feet) sperm whale of central coasts of Atlantic and Pacific
                    subtype:  #beaked_whale  any of several whales inhabiting all oceans and having beaklike jaws with vestigial teeth in the upper jaw
                       subtype:  #bottle-nosed_whale__bottlenose_whale__bottlenose__Hyperoodon_ampullatus  North Atlantic beaked whale with a bulbous forehead
                    subtype:  #dolphin  any of various small toothed whales with a beaklike snout; larger than porpoises
                       subtype:  #common_dolphin__Delphinus_delphis  black-and-white dolphin that leaps high out of the water; one of the dolphins displayed at the Marinelands of California and Florida
                       subtype:  #bottlenose_dolphin__bottle-nosed_dolphin__bottlenose  any of several dolphins with rounded forehead and well-developed beak; chiefly of North Atlantic and Mediterranean
                          subtype:  #Atlantic_bottlenose_dolphin__Tursiops_truncatus  the most common dolphin of North Atlantic and Mediterranean; often kept captive and trained to perform
                          subtype:  #Pacific_bottlenose_dolphin__Tursiops_gilli  a bottlenose dolphin found in the Pacific Ocean
                       subtype:  #porpoise  any of several small gregarious cetacean mammals having a blunt snout and many teeth
                          subtype:  #harbor_porpoise__herring_hog__Phocaena_phocaena  the common porpoise of the North Atlantic and Pacific
                       subtype:  #grampus__grampu__Grampus_griseus  slaty-gray blunt-nosed dolphin common in northern seas
                       subtype:  #killer_whale__killer__orca__grampus__grampu__sea_wolf__seawolf__Orcinus_orca  predatory black-and-white toothed whale with large dorsal fin; common in cold seas
                       subtype:  #pilot_whale__pilotwhale__black_whale__blackwhale__common_blackfish__blackfish__Globicephala_melaena  small dark-colored whaled of United States Atlantic coast; the largest male acts as pilot or leader for the school
                       subtype:  #river_dolphin__riverdolphin  any of several long-snouted usually freshwater dolphins of South America and southern Asia
                       subtype:  #white_whale__whitewhale__beluga__Delphinapterus_leucas  small northern whale that is white when adult
                 subtype:  #narwhal__narwal__narwhale__Monodon_monoceros  small arctic whale the male having a long spiral ivory tusk
                 subtype:  #spouter  a spouting whale
           subtype:  #sea_cow__seacow__sirenian_mammal__sirenian  any of two families of large herbivorous aquatic mammals with paddle-shaped tails and flipper-like forelimbs and no hind limbs
              subtype:  #manatee__trichechusmanatu  sirenian mammal of tropical coastal waters of America; the flat tail is rounded
              subtype:  #dugong__Dugong_dugon  sirenian tusked mammal found from eastern Africa to Australia; the flat tail is bilobate
              subtype:  #Steller's_sea_cow__Hydrodamalis_gigas  extinct large sirenian mammal formerly found near Asiatic coast of the Bering Sea
           subtype:  #pinniped_mammal__pinniped__pinnatiped  aquatic carnivorous mammal having a streamlined body specialized for swimming with limbs modified as flippers
              subtype:  #seal.pinniped_mammal  any of numerous marine mammals that come on shore to breed; chiefly of cold regions
                 subtype:  #crabeater_seal__crabeaterseal__crab-eating_seal  silvery gray Antarctic seal subsisting on crustaceans
                 subtype:  #eared_seal__earedseal  pinniped mammal having external ear flaps and hind limbs used for locomotion on land; valued for its soft underfur
                    subtype:  #fur_seal__furseal  eared seal of the S hemisphere; the thick soft underfur is the source of sealskin
                       subtype:  #guadalupe_fur_seal__guadalupefurseal__Arctocephalus_philippi  of Pacific coast of California and southward
                    subtype:  #fur_seal.eared_seal__furseal  fur seal of the north Pacific
                       subtype:  #Alaska_fur_seal__Callorhinus_ursinus  of Pacific coast from Alaska southward to California
                    subtype:  #sea_lion__sealion  any of several large eared seals of the north Pacific related to fur seals but lacking their valuable coat
                       subtype:  #South_American_sea_lion__Otaria_Byronia  of the southern coast of South America
                       subtype:  #California_sea_lion__Zalophus_californianus__Zalophus_californicus  often trained as a show animal
                       subtype:  #Australian_sea_lion__Zalophus_lobatus  a variety of sea lion found in Australia
                       subtype:  #Steller_sea_lion__Steller's_sea_lion__Eumetopias_jubatus  largest sea lion; of the north Pacific
                 subtype:  #earless_seal__earlessseal__true_seal__hair_seal  any of several seals lacking external ear flaps and having a stiff hairlike coat with hind limbs reduced to swimming flippers
                    subtype:  #harbor_seal__common_seal__Phoca_vitulina  small spotted seal of coastal waters of the northern hemisphere
                    subtype:  #harp_seal__Pagophilus_groenlandicus  common arctic seal; the young are all white
                    subtype:  #elephant_seal__sea_elephant__seaelephant  either of two large North Atlantic earless seals having snouts like trunks
                    subtype:  #bearded_seal__beardedseal__squareflipper_square_flipper__Erignathus_barbatus  medium-sized grayish to yellow seal with bristles each side of muzzle; of Arctic Ocean
                    subtype:  #hooded_seal__bladdernose__Cystophora_cristata  medium-sized blackish-gray seal with large inflatable sac on the head; of Arctic and north Atlantic waters
              subtype:  #walrus__seahorse__sea_horse__seahorse  either of two large northern marine mammals having ivory tusks and tough hide over thick blubber
                 subtype:  #Atlantic_walrus__Odobenus_rosmarus  of North Atlantic and Arctic waters
                 subtype:  #Pacific_walrus__Odobenus_divergens  of the Bering Sea and north Pacific
        subtype:  #carnivore  terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal; terrestrial carnivores have four or five clawed digits on each limb
           subtype:  #fissiped_mammal__fissiped  terrestrial carnivores; having toes separated to the base: dogs; cats; bears; badgers; raccoons
           subtype:  #canine__canid  any of various fissiped mammals with nonretractile claws and typically long muzzles
              subtype:  #bitch  female of any member of the dog family
                 subtype:  #brood_bitch__broodbitch  a bitch used for breeding
              subtype:  #dog__domesticdog__Canis_familiaris  a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds; "the dog barked all night"
                 subtype:  #pooch__doggie__doggy__barker__bow-wow__bowwow  informal terms for dogs
                 subtype:  #mongrel__cur  an inferior dog or one of mixed breed
                    subtype:  #pariah_dog__pye-dog__pyedog__pie-dog__piedog  ownerless half-wild mongrel dog common around Asian villages especially India
                 subtype:  #lapdog  a dog small and tame enough to be held in the lap
                 subtype:  #toy_dog__toy  any of several breeds of very small dogs kept purely as pets
                    subtype:  #Chihuahua  old breed of tiny short-coated dog with protruding eyes from Mexico held to antedate Aztec civilization
                    subtype:  #Japanese_spaniel  breed of toy dogs originating in Japan having a silky black-and-white or red-and-white coat
                    subtype:  #Maltese_dog__Maltese  breed of toy dogs having a long straight silky white coat
                    subtype:  #Pekinese__Pekingese__Peke  a Chinese breed of small short-legged dogs with a long silky coat and broad flat muzzle
                    subtype:  #Shih-Tzu  a Chinese breed of small dog similar to a Pekingese
                    subtype:  #toy_spaniel__toyspaniel  a very small spaniel
                       subtype:  #English_toy_spaniel  British breed having a long silky coat and rounded head with a short upturned muzzle
                          subtype:  #Blenheim_spaniel  red-and-white variety of English toy spaniel
                       subtype:  #King_Charles_spaniel  a toy English spaniel with a black-and-tan coat; named after Charles II who popularized it
                       subtype:  #papillon  small slender toy spaniel with erect ears and a black-spotted brown to white coat
                    subtype:  #toy_terrier__toyterrier  a small active dog
                 subtype:  #hunting_dog__huntingdog  a dog used in hunting game
                    subtype:  #Rhodesian_ridgeback  a powerful short-haired African hunting dog having a crest of reversed hair along the spine
                    subtype:  #hound_dog__hounddog__hound  any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears
                       subtype:  #Afghan_hound  tall graceful breed of hound with a long silky coat; native to the Near East
                       subtype:  #basset_hound__basset  smooth-haired breed of hound with short legs and long ears
                       subtype:  #beagle  a small short-legged smooth-coated breed of hound
                       subtype:  #bloodhound__sleuthhound  a breed of large powerful hound of European origin having very acute smell and used in tracking
                       subtype:  #bluetick  a very fast American hound; white mottled with bluish gray
                       subtype:  #boarhound  large hound used in hunting wild boars
                       subtype:  #coonhound  any of several breeds of hound developed for hunting raccoons
                          subtype:  #coondog  any dog trained to hunt raccoons
                          subtype:  #black-and-tan_coonhound__blackandtancoonhound  American breed of large powerful hound dogs used for hunting raccoons and other game
                       subtype:  #foxhound  medium-sized glossy-coated hounds developed for hunting foxes
                          subtype:  #American_foxhound  an American breed of foxhounds used for hunting both in packs and individually
                          subtype:  #Walker_hound__Walker_foxhound__walkerfoxhound  an American breed of foxhound
                          subtype:  #English_foxhound  an English breed slightly larger than the American foxhounds originally used to hunt in packs
                       subtype:  #harrier.hound_dog  a hound that resembles a foxhound but is smaller; used to hunt rabbits
                       subtype:  #Plott_hound  a brindle-coated American hound used in hunting bears and wild boars
                       subtype:  #redbone  a speedy red or red-and-tan American hound
                       subtype:  #wolfhound  the largest breed of dogs; formerly used to hunt wolves
                          subtype:  #borzoi__Russian_wolfhound  tall fast-moving dog breed
                          subtype:  #Irish_wolfhound  large breed of hound with a rough thick coat
                       subtype:  #greyhound  a tall slender dog of an ancient breed noted for swiftness and keen sight; used as a racing dog
                          subtype:  #Italian_greyhound  a toy dog developed from the greyhound
                          subtype:  #whippet  small slender dog of greyhound type developed in England
                       subtype:  #Ibizan_hound__Ibizan_Podenco  breed of slender agile medium-sized hound found chiefly in the Balearic Islands; said to have been bred originally by the pharaohs of ancient Egypt
                       subtype:  #Norwegian_elkhound__elkhound  breed of compact medium-sized dog with a heavy gray coat developed in Norway for hunting elk
                       subtype:  #otterhound__otter_hound__otterhound  hardy British hound having long pendulous ears and a thick coarse shaggy coat with an oily undercoat; bred for hunting otters
                       subtype:  #Saluki__gazelle_hound  old breed of tall swift keen-eyed hunting dogs resembling greyhounds; from Egypt and southwestern Asia
                       subtype:  #Scottish_deerhound__deerhound  very large and tall rough-coated dog bred for hunting deer; known as the royal dog of Scotland
                       subtype:  #staghound  a large heavy hound formerly used in hunting stags and other large game; similar to but larger than a foxhound
                       subtype:  #Weimaraner  large breed of hound having a smooth grayish coat; originated in Germany
                    subtype:  #dachshund__dachsie__badgerdog  small long-bodied short-legged German breed of dog having a short sleek coat and long drooping ears; suited for following game into burrows
                       subtype:  #sausage_dog__sausagedog__sausage_hound__sausagehound  informal term
                    subtype:  #terrier  any of several usually small short-bodied breeds originally trained to hunt animals living underground
                       subtype:  #bullterrier__bull_terrier  short-haired terrier originated in England by crossing the bulldog with terriers
                          subtype:  #Staffordshire_bullterrier  English breed of strong stocky dog having a broad skull and smooth coat
                          subtype:  #American_Staffordshire_terrier__Staffordshire_terrier__American_pit_bull_terrier__pit_bull_terrier  American breed of muscular terriers with a short close-lying stiff coat
                       subtype:  #Bedlington_terrier  a light terrier groomed to resemble a lamb
                       subtype:  #Border_terrier  small rough-coated terrier of British origin
                       subtype:  #Kerry_blue_terrier  an Irish breed of medium-sized terriers with a silky blue-gray coat
                       subtype:  #Irish_terrier  medium-sized breed with a wiry brown coat; developed in Ireland
                       subtype:  #Norfolk_terrier  English breed of small terrier with a straight wiry red-and-black-and-tan or grizzled coat and dropped ears
                       subtype:  #Norwich_terrier  English breed of small short-legged terrier with a straight wiry red or gray or black-and-tan coat and erect ears
                       subtype:  #Yorkshire_terrier  very small breed having a long glossy coat of bluish-gray and tan
                       subtype:  #rat_terrier__ratterrier__ratter  any of several breeds of terrier developed to catch rats
                          subtype:  #Manchester_terrier__black-and-tan_terrier__blackandtanterrier  breed of short-haired black-and-tan terrier developed in Manchester England
                             subtype:  #toy_Manchester_terrier__toy_Manchester  breed of small Manchester terrier
                       subtype:  #fox_terrier__foxterrier  small lively black-and-white terriers formerly used to dig out foxes
                          subtype:  #smooth-haired_fox_terrier  a fox terrier with smooth hair
                          subtype:  #wire-haired_fox_terrier  a fox terrier with wiry hair
                       subtype:  #wirehair__wirehaired_terrier__wire-haired_terrier  a terrier with wiry hair
                          subtype:  #Lakeland_terrier  breed of wire-haired terrier originally from the English Lake District used for hunting
                          subtype:  #Welsh_terrier  wire-haired terrier resembling airedales but smaller; developed in Wales for hunting
                             subtype:  #Sealyham_terrier__Sealyham  a Welsh terrier first bred in Sealyham (Wales)
                       subtype:  #Airedale_terrier__Airedale  breed of large wiry-coated terrier bred in Yorkshire
                       subtype:  #cairn_terrier__cairnterrier__cairn  small rough-haired breed of terrier from Scotland
                       subtype:  #Australian_terrier  small grayish wire-haired breed of terrier from Australia similar to the cairn
                       subtype:  #Dandie_Dinmont_terrier__Dandie_Dinmont  a breed of small terrier with long wiry coat and drooping ears
                       subtype:  #Boston_bull__Boston_terrier  small pug-faced American terrier breed having a smooth brindle or black coat with white markings
                       subtype:  #schnauzer  old German breed of sturdy black or grayish wire-haired terriers having a blunt muzzle ranging in size from fairly small to very large; used as ratters and guard dogs or police dogs
                          subtype:  #miniature_schnauzer__miniatureschnauzer  a small schnauzer
                          subtype:  #giant_schnauzer__giantschnauzer  a large schnauzer
                          subtype:  #standard_schnauzer  a medium-sized schnauzer
                       subtype:  #Scotch_terrier__Scottish_terrier__Scottie__scottie  old Scottish breed of small long-haired usually black terrier with erect tail and ears
                       subtype:  #Tibetan_terrier__chrysanthemum_dog__chrysanthemumdog  breed of medium-sized terriers bred in Tibet resembling Old English sheepdogs with fluffy curled tails
                       subtype:  #silky_terrier__silkyterrier__Sydney_silky  Australian breed of toy dogs having a silky blue coat
                       subtype:  #Skye_terrier  Scottish breed of terrier with shaggy hair and long low body with short legs
                          subtype:  #Clydesdale_terrier  selectively bred small Skye terrier with erect ears and a long silky coat
                       subtype:  #soft-coated_wheaten_terrier  Irish breed of medium-sized terrier with an abundant coat any shade of wheat and very hairy head and muzzle
                       subtype:  #West_Highland_white_terrier  small white long-coated terrier developed in Scotland
                       subtype:  #Lhasa_apso__Lhasa  a breed of terrier having a long heavy coat raised in Tibet as watchdogs
                    subtype:  #sporting_dog__gun_dog__gundog  a dog trained to work with sportsmen when they hunt with guns
                       subtype:  #bird_dog  a gun dog trained to locate or retrieve birds
                       subtype:  #water_dog__waterdog  a dog accustomed to water and usually trained to retrieve waterfowl
                       subtype:  #retriever  a dog with heavy water-resistant coat that can be trained to retrieve game
                          subtype:  #flat-coated_retriever  an English breed having a shiny black or liver-colored coat; retrieves game from land or water
                          subtype:  #curly-coated_retriever  an English breed having a tightly curled black or liver-colored coat; retrieves game from land or water
                          subtype:  #golden_retriever  an English breed having a long silky golden coat
                          subtype:  #Labrador_retriever  breed originally from Labrador having a short black or golden-brown coat
                          subtype:  #Chesapeake_Bay_retriever  American breed having a short thick oily coat ranging from brown to light tan
                       subtype:  #Spanish_pointer__pointer  a strong slender smooth-haired dog of Spanish origin having a white coat with brown or black patches; scents out and points game
                          subtype:  #German_short-haired_pointer  liver or liver-and-white hunting dog developed in Germany; 3/4 pointer and 1/4 bloodhound
                          subtype:  #vizla__Hungarian_pointer  Hungarian hunting dog resembling the Weimaraner but having a rich deep red coat
                       subtype:  #setter  a long-haired dog formerly trained to crouch on finding game but now to point
                          subtype:  #English_setter  an English breed having a plumed tail and a soft silky coat that is chiefly white
                          subtype:  #Irish_setter__red_setter__redsetter  an Irish breed with a chestnut-brown or mahogany-red coat
                          subtype:  #Gordon_setter  a Scottish breed with a black-and-tan coat
                       subtype:  #spaniel  any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears
                          subtype:  #Brittany_spaniel  tall active short-tailed French breed of bird dog having a usually smooth orange- or liver-and-white coat
                          subtype:  #clumber_spaniel__clumberspaniel__clumber  a thickset spaniel with longish silky hair
                          subtype:  #field_spaniel__fieldspaniel  large usually black hunting and retrieving spaniel with a dense flat or slightly wavy coat; cross between cocker and Sussex spaniel
                          subtype:  #springer_spaniel__springer  a large spaniel with wavy silky coat usually black or liver and white
                             subtype:  #English_springer_spaniel__English_springer  a breed having typically a black-and-white coat
                             subtype:  #Welsh_springer_spaniel  a red-and-white breed slightly smaller than the English springer spaniel
                          subtype:  #English_cocker_spaniel__cocker_spaniel__cocker  a small breed with a wavy silky hair originally developed in England
                          subtype:  #Sussex_spaniel  an English breed with short legs and a golden liver-colored coat
                          subtype:  #water_spaniel__waterspaniel  any dog of two large curly-coated breeds (the Irish and the American) used for hunting waterfowl
                             subtype:  #American_water_spaniel  breed of medium-sized spaniels originating in America having chocolate or liver-colored curly coat
                             subtype:  #Irish_water_spaniel  breed of large spaniels developed in Ireland having a heavy coat of liver-colored curls and a topknot of long curls and a nearly hairless tail
                       subtype:  #wire-haired_pointing_griffon__griffon  breed of medium-sized long-headed dogs with downy undercoat and harsh wiry outer coat; originated in Holland but largely developed in France
                 subtype:  #working_dog__workingdog  any of several breeds of usually large powerful dogs bred to work as draft animals and guard and guide dogs
                    subtype:  #watchdog__guard_dog__guarddog  a dog trained to guard property
                       subtype:  #kuvasz  long-established Hungarian breed of tall light-footed but sturdy white dog; used also as a hunting dog
                       subtype:  #attack_dog  a watchdog trained to attack on command
                       subtype:  #housedog  a dog trained to guard a house
                       subtype:  #schipperke  breed of small stocky black dogs originally used as watchdogs on boats in the Netherlands and Belgium
                       subtype:  #pinscher  any of three breeds of dogs whose ears and tail are usually cropped
                          subtype:  #Doberman_pinscher__Doberman  medium large breed of dog of German origin with a glossy black and tan coat; used as a watchdog
                          subtype:  #miniature_pinscher__miniaturepinscher  small German version of a Doberman pinscher
                          subtype:  #affenpinscher__monkey_pinscher__monkey_dog  European breed of small dog resembling a terrier with dark wiry hair and a tufted muzzle
                    subtype:  #shepherd_dog__sheepdog__sheep_dog__sheepdog  any of various usually long-haired breeds of dog reared to herd and guard sheep
                       subtype:  #Belgian_sheepdog__Belgian_shepherd  hardy working dog developed in Belgium for herding sheep
                          subtype:  #groenendael  black-coated sheepdog with a heavily plumed tail
                          subtype:  #malinois  fawn-colored short-haired sheepdog
                       subtype:  #briard  old French breed of large strong usually black dogs having a long tail and long wavy and slightly stiff coat
                       subtype:  #kelpie  an Australian sheepdog with pointed ears
                       subtype:  #komondor  Hungarian breed of large powerful shaggy-coated white dog; used also as guard dog
                       subtype:  #Old_English_sheepdog__bobtail  large sheepdog with a profuse shaggy blue-gray-and-white coat and short tail; believed to trace back to Roman occupation of Britain
                       subtype:  #Shetland_sheepdog__Shetland_sheep_dog__Shetland  small sheepdog developed in the Shetland Islands and resembling a collie
                       subtype:  #collie  a silky-coated sheepdog with a long ruff and long narrow head developed in Scotland
                       subtype:  #Border_collie  developed in the area between Scotland and England usually having a black coat with white on the head and tip of tail used for herding both sheep and cattle
                       subtype:  #Bouvier_des_Flandres__Bouviers_des_Flandres  rough-coated breed used originally in Belgium for herding and guarding cattle
                       subtype:  #Rottweiler  German breed of large vigorous short-haired cattle dogs
                       subtype:  #German_shepherd_dog__German_shepherd__German_police_dog__alsatian  breed of large shepherd dogs used in police work and as a guide for the blind
                    subtype:  #police_dog  any dog trained to assist police especially in tracking
                    subtype:  #Bernese_mountain_dog  large powerful long-haired black-coated Swiss dog with deep tan or russet markings on legs and white blaze and feet and chest marking; formerly used for draft
                    subtype:  #boxer  a breed of stocky medium-sized short-haired dog with a brindled coat and square-jawed muzzle developed in Germany
                    subtype:  #mastiff  an old breed of powerful deep-chested smooth-coated dog used chiefly as a watchdog and guard dog
                       subtype:  #Tibetan_mastiff  very large powerful rough-coated dog native to central Asia
                    subtype:  #bull_mastiff  large powerful breed developed by crossing the bulldog and the mastiff
                    subtype:  #English_bulldog__bulldog  a sturdy thickset short-haired breed with a large head and strong undershot lower jaw; developed originally in England for bull baiting
                       subtype:  #French_bulldog  small stocky version of the bulldog having a sleek coat and square head
                    subtype:  #Great_Dane  very large powerful smooth-coated breed of dog
                    subtype:  #guide_dog__guidedog__seeing-eye_dog  a dog trained to guide the blind
                    subtype:  #hearing_dog__hearingdog  dog trained to assist the deaf by signaling the occurrence of certain sounds
                    subtype:  #Saint_Bernard__St_Bernard  a Swiss alpine breed of large powerful thick-coated dog used as a rescue dog
                    subtype:  #sled_dog__sledge_dog  a dog trained to draw a sled usually in a team
                       subtype:  #Alaskan_malamute__malamute__malemute  breed of sled dog developed in Alaska
                       subtype:  #Siberian_husky  breed of sled dog developed in northeastern Siberia; they resemble the larger Alaskan malamutes
                    subtype:  #Eskimo_dog__husky  breed of heavy-coated Arctic sled dog
                 subtype:  #dalmatian__coach_dog__coachdog__carriage_dog  a large breed having a smooth white coat with black or brown spots; originated in Dalmatia
                    subtype:  #liver-spotted_dalmatian__liverspotteddalmatian  a brown-spotted dalmatian
                 subtype:  #basenji  small smooth-haired breed of African origin having a tightly curled tail and the inability to bark
                 subtype:  #pug-dog__pugdog__pug  small compact smooth-coated breed of Asiatic origin having a tightly curled tail and broad flat wrinkled muzzle
                 subtype:  #Leonberg  a large dog (usually with a golden coat) produced by crossing a St Bernard and a Newfoundland
                 subtype:  #Newfoundland  breed of very large heavy usually black dogs developed in Newfoundland; highly intelligent and vigorous swimmers
                 subtype:  #Great_Pyrenees  bred of large heavy-coated white dogs resembling the Newfoundland
                 subtype:  #spitz  any of various stocky heavy-coated breeds of dogs native to northern regions having pointed muzzles and erect ears with a curled furry tail
                    subtype:  #Samoyede__Samoyed  Siberian breed of white or cream dog of the spitz family
                    subtype:  #Pomeranian  breed of very small compact long-haired dogs of the spitz type
                    subtype:  #chow_chow__chow  breed of thick-coated medium-sized dogs with fluffy curled tails and distinctive blue-black tongues; believed to have originated in north China
                    subtype:  #keeshond  a spitz-type dog having a shaggy grayish coat and tightly curled tail originating in Holland
                 subtype:  #Brussels_griffon__griffon__Belgian_griffon  breed of various very small compact wiry-coated dogs of Belgian origin having a short bearded muzzle
                    subtype:  #Brabancon_griffon  a variety of Brussels griffon having a short smooth coat
                 subtype:  #Welsh_corgi__corgi  either of two Welsh breeds of long-bodied short-legged dogs with erect ears and a fox-like head
                    subtype:  #Pembroke_Welsh_corgi__Pembroke  the smaller and straight-legged variety of corgi having pointed ears and a short tail
                    subtype:  #Cardigan_Welsh_corgi__Cardigan  slightly bow-legged variety of corgi having rounded ears and a long tail
                 subtype:  #poodle_dog__poodle  an intelligent dog with a heavy curly solid-colored coat that is usually clipped; an old breed sometimes trained as sporting dogs or as performing dogs
                    subtype:  #toy_poodle__toypoodle  the smallest poodle
                    subtype:  #miniature_poodle__miniaturepoodle  a small poodle
                    subtype:  #standard_poodle  a medium-sized poodle
                    subtype:  #large_poodle__largepoodle  the largest poodle
                 subtype:  #Mexican_hairless  any of an old breed of small nearly hairless dogs of Mexico
                 subtype:  vicki#smart_dog__smartdog
                    instance:  vicki#Mindy
              subtype:  #wolf  any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs
                 subtype:  #timber_wolf__gray_wolf__Canis_lupus  brindled gray wolf of forested northern regions of North America
                 subtype:  #white_wolf__whitewolf__Arctic_wolf__Canis_lupus_tundrarum  wolf of arctic North America having white fur and a black-tipped tail
                 subtype:  #red_wolf__redwolf__manedwolf__Canis_rufus__Canis_niger  reddish-gray wolf of southwestern North America
                 subtype:  #coyote__prairie_wolf__prairiewolf__brush_wolf__brushwolf__Canis_latrans  small wolf native to western North America
                    subtype:  #coydog  offspring of a coyote and a dog
              subtype:  #jackal__Canis_aureus  Old World nocturnal canine mammal closely related to the dog; smaller than a wolf; sometimes hunts in a pack but usually singly or as a member of a pair
              subtype:  #wild_dog  any of various undomesticated mammals of the family Canidae that are thought to resemble domestic dogs as distinguished from jackals or wolves
                 subtype:  #Canis_dingo__dingo__warrigal__warragal  wolflike yellowish-brown wild dog of Australia
                 subtype:  #dhole__Cuon_alpinus  fierce wild dog of the forests of central and southeast Asia that hunts in packs
                 subtype:  #crab-eating_dog__crab-eating_fox__Dusicyon_cancrivorus  wild dog of northern South America
                 subtype:  #raccoon_dog__raccoondog__Nyctereutes_procyonides  small wild dog of eastern Asia having facial markings like those of a raccoon
                 subtype:  #African_hunting_dog__hyena_dog__hyenadog__Cape_hunting_dog__Lycaon_pictus  a powerful doglike mammal of South and East Africa that hunts in large packs; now rare in settled area
              subtype:  #hyena__hyaena  doglike nocturnal mammal of Africa and southern Asia that feeds chiefly on carrion
                 subtype:  #striped_hyena__stripedhyena__Hyaena_hyaena  of northern Africa and Arabia and India
                 subtype:  #brown_hyena__brownhyena__strand_wolf__Hyaena_brunnea  of southern Africa
                 subtype:  #spotted_hyena__spottedhyena__laughing_hyena__Crocuta_crocuta  African hyena noted for its distinctive howl
                 subtype:  #aardwolf__Proteles_cristata  striped hyena of southeast Africa that feeds chiefly on insects
              subtype:  #fox  alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs
                 subtype:  #Reynard  a conventional name for a fox used in tales following usage in the old epic "Reynard the Fox"
                 subtype:  #Vulpes_vulpes__red_fox  the common Old World fox; having reddish-brown fur; commonly considered a single circumpolar species
                    subtype:  #black_fox__blackfox  red fox in the color phase when its pelt is mostly black
                    subtype:  #silver_fox  red fox in the color phase when its pelt is tipped with white
                 subtype:  #Vulpes_fulva__red_fox  New World fox; often considered the same species las the Old World fox
                 subtype:  #prairie_fox__prairiefox__kit_fox__kitfox__Vulpes_velox  small gray fox of the plains of western North America
                 subtype:  #kit_fox__kitfox__Vulpes_macrotis  small gray fox of southwestern United States; may be a subspecies of Vulpes velox
                 subtype:  #arctic_fox__white_fox__whitefox__Alopex_lagopus  thickly-furred fox of Arctic regions; brownish in summer and white in winter
                    subtype:  #blue_fox  a variety of arctic fox having a pale gray winter coat
                 subtype:  #gray_fox__grey_fox__Urocyon_cinereoargenteus  dark gray American fox; from Central America through southern United States
           subtype:  #feline__felid  any of various lithe-bodied round-headed fissiped mammals many with retractile claws
              subtype:  #cat__true_cat  feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and being unable to roar; domestic cats; wildcats
                 subtype:  #domestic_cat__cat__house_cat__housecat__Felis_domesticus__Felis_catus  any domesticated member of the genus Felis
                    subtype:  #kitty-cat__kittycat__kitty__puss__pussy__pussycat  informal terms
                    subtype:  #mouser  a cat proficient at mousing
                    subtype:  #alley_cat__alleycat__stray  homeless cat
                    subtype:  #tom  male cat
                       subtype:  #gib  a castrated tomcat
                    subtype:  #tabby__queen  female cat
                    subtype:  #tabby_cat__tabbycat__tabby  a cat with a gray or tawny coat mottled with black
                    subtype:  #tiger_cat__tigercat  a cat having a striped coat
                    subtype:  #tortoiseshell-cat__tortoiseshellcat__tortoiseshell__calico_cat  a cat having black and cream and yellowish markings
                    subtype:  #Persian_cat  a long-haired breed of cat
                    subtype:  #Angora_cat__Angora  a long-haired breed similar to the Persian cat
                    subtype:  #Siamese_cat__Siamese  a slender short-haired blue-eyed breed of cat having a pale coat with dark ears paws face and tail tip
                       subtype:  #blue_point_Siamese  Siamese cat having a bluish cream body and dark gray points
                    subtype:  #Burmese_cat  a short-haired breed with body similar to the Siamese cat but having a solid dark brown or gray coat
                    subtype:  #Egyptian_cat  a domestic cat of Egypt
                    subtype:  #Maltese_cat  a short-haired bluish-gray cat breed
                    subtype:  #Abyssinian_cat__Abyssinian  a small slender short-haired breed of African origin having brownish fur with a reddish undercoat
                    subtype:  #Manx_cat  a short-haired tailless breed of cat believed to originate on the Isle of Man
                 subtype:  #wildcat  any small or medium-sized cat resembling the domestic cat and living in the wild
                    subtype:  #sand_cat  a desert-dwelling wildcat
                    subtype:  #European_wildcat__catamountain__Felis_silvestris  bushy-tailed European wildcat resembling the domestic tabby and regarded as the ancestor of the domestic cat
                    subtype:  #cougar__puma__catamount__mountain_lion__painter__panther__Felis_concolor  large American feline resembling a lion
                    subtype:  #ocelot__panther_cat__panthercat__Felis_pardalis  nocturnal wildcat of Central and South America having a dark-spotted buff-brown coat
                    subtype:  #jaguarundi_cat__jaguarundi__jaguarondi__eyra__Felis_yagouaroundi  long-bodied long-tailed tropical American wildcat
                    subtype:  #kaffir_cat__caffer_cat__Felis_ocreata  widely distributed wildcat of Africa and Asia Minor
                    subtype:  #jungle_cat__Felis_chaus  small Asiatic wildcat
                    subtype:  #Felis_serval__serval  slender long-legged African wildcat having large untufted ears and tawny black-spotted coat
                    subtype:  #leopard_cat__leopardcat__Felis_bengalensis  small spotted wildcat of southern Asia and Malaysia
                    subtype:  #Felis_tigrina__tiger_cat__tigercat  medium-sized wildcat of Central and South America having a dark-striped coat
                    subtype:  #margay_cat__margay__Felis_wiedi  small spotted wildcat found from Texas to Brazil
                    subtype:  #Felis_manul__manul__Pallas's_cat  small wildcat of the mountains of Siberia Tibet and Mongolia
                    subtype:  #lynx__catamount  short-tailed wildcats with usually tufted ears; valued for their fur
                       subtype:  #common_lynx__Lynx_lynx  of northern Eurasia
                       subtype:  #Canada_lynx__Lynx_canadensis__lynxcanadensi  of northern North America
                       subtype:  #bobcat__bay_lynx__baylynx__Lynx_rufus  small lynx of North America
                       subtype:  #spotted_lynx__spottedlynx__Lynx_pardina  of southern Europe
                       subtype:  #Lynx_caracal__caracal__desert_lynx  of deserts of northern Africa and southern Asia
              subtype:  #big_cat__bigcat__cat  any of several large cats typically able to roar and living in the wild
                 subtype:  #leopard__Panthera_pardus  large feline of African and Asian forests usually having a tawny coat with black spots
                    subtype:  #leopardess  female leopard
                    subtype:  #panther  a leopard in the black color phase
                 subtype:  #snow_leopard__ounce__pantherauncia  large feline of upland central Asia having long thick whitish fur
                 subtype:  #jaguar__panther__Panthera_onca__Felis_onca  a large spotted feline of tropical America similar to the leopard; in some classifications considered a member of the genus Felis
                 subtype:  #lion__king_of_beasts__Panthera_leo  large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male
                    subtype:  #lioness__liones  a female lion
                    subtype:  #lionet  a small or young lion
                 subtype:  #Panthera_tigris__tiger  large feline of forests in most of Asia having a tawny coat with black stripes; endangered
                    subtype:  #Bengal_tiger  southern short-haired tiger
                    subtype:  #tigress  a female tiger
                 subtype:  #liger  offspring of a male lion and a female tiger
                 subtype:  #tiglon__tigon  offspring of a male tiger and a female lion
                 subtype:  #cheetah__chetah__Acinonyx_jubatus  long-legged spotted cat of Africa and southwestern Asia having nonretractile claws; the swiftest mammal; can be trained to run down game
                 subtype:  #saber-toothed_tiger__sabertoothedtiger__sabertooth  any of many extinct cats of the Old and New Worlds having long swordlike upper canine teeth; from the Oligocene through the Pleistocene
                    subtype:  #Smiledon_californicus  North American sabertooth; culmination of sabertooth development
                    subtype:  #false_saber-toothed_tiger__falsesabertoothedtiger  North American cat of the Miocene and Pliocene; much earlier and less specialized than members of the genus Smiledon
           subtype:  #bear  massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws
              subtype:  #brown_bear__brownbear__bruin__Ursus_arctos  large ferocious bear of Eurasia
                 subtype:  #Syrian_bear__Ursus_arctos_syriacus  yellowish-gray Syrian brown bear
                 subtype:  #grizzly_bear__grizzlybear__grizzly__silvertip__Ursus_horribilis__Ursus_arctos_horribilis__ursusarctoshorribili  powerful brownish-yellow bear of the uplands of western North America
                 subtype:  #Alaskan_brown_bear__Kodiak_bear__Kodiak__Ursus_middendorffi__Ursus_arctos_middendorffi  brown bear of coastal Alaska and British Columbia
              subtype:  #bruin  a conventional name for a bear used in tales following usage in the old epic "Reynard the Fox"
              subtype:  #American_black_bear__black_bear__blackbear__Ursus_americanus__Euarctos_americanus  brown to black North American bear; smaller and less ferocious than the brown bear
                 subtype:  #cinnamon_bear  reddish-brown color phase of the American black bear
              subtype:  #Asiatic_black_bear__black_bear__blackbear__Ursus_thibetanus__Selenarctos_thibetanus  black bear of central and eastern Asia
              subtype:  #ice_bear__icebear__polar_bear__polarbear__Ursus_Maritimus__Thalarctos_maritimus  white bear of arctic regions
              subtype:  #sloth_bear__slothbear__Melursus_ursinus__Ursus_ursinus  common coarse-haired long-snouted bear of south-central Asia
           subtype:  #viverrine_mammal__viverrinemammal__viverrine  small catlike predatory mammals of warmer parts of the Old World
              subtype:  #civet__civet_cat__civetcat  catlike mammal typically secreting musk used in perfumes
                 subtype:  #large_civet__largecivet__Viverra_zibetha  common civet of India and southeast Asia
                 subtype:  #small_civet__smallcivet__Viverricula_indica__Viverricula_malaccensis  common small civet of southeast Asia
                 subtype:  #binturong__bearcat__Arctictis_bintourong  arboreal civet of Asia having a long prehensile tail and shaggy black hair
                 subtype:  #genus_Cryptoprocta__Cryptoprocta  large primitive catlike carnivores inhabiting forests of Madagascar
                 subtype:  #fanaloka__Fossa_fossa  civet of Madagascar
                 subtype:  #banded_palm_civet__Hemigalus_hardwickii  E Indian civet
                 subtype:  #palm_cat__palm_civet  spotted or striped arboreal civet of southeast Asia and East Indies
              subtype:  #fossa_cat__fossacat__fossa__Cryptoprocta_ferox  largest carnivore of Madagascar; intermediate in some respects between cats and civets
              subtype:  #genet__Genetta_genetta  agile Old World viverrine having a spotted coat and long ringed tail
              subtype:  #mongoose  agile grizzled Old World viverrine; preys on snakes and rodents
                 subtype:  #Indian_mongoose__Herpestes_nyula  keen-sighted viverrine of southern Asia about the size of a ferret; often domesticated
                 subtype:  #Herpestes_ichneumon__ichneumon  North African mongoose; in ancient times thought to devour crocodile eggs
              subtype:  #meerkat__mierkat  South African mongoose-like viverrine having a face like a lemur and only four toes
                 subtype:  #slender-tailed_meerkat__Suricata_suricatta  a meerkat with a thin and elongated tail
                 subtype:  #suricate__Suricata_tetradactyla  burrowing diurnal meerkat of southern Africa; often kept as a pet
           subtype:  #musteline_mammal__mustelinemammal__musteline  fissiped fur-bearing carnivorous mammals
              subtype:  #weasel  small carnivorous mammal with short legs and elongated body and neck
                 subtype:  #ermine__shorttail_weasel__shorttailweasel__Mustela_erminea  mustelid of northern hemisphere in its white winter coat
                    subtype:  #stoat  the ermine in its brown summer coat with black-tipped tail
                 subtype:  #New_World_least_weasel__Mustela_rixosa  of Canada and northeastern United States
                 subtype:  #Old_World_least_weasel__Mustela_nivalis  of Europe
                 subtype:  #longtail_weasel__long-tailed_weasel__Mustela_frenata  the common American weasel distinguished by large size and black-tipped tail
                 subtype:  #muishond  southern African weasel
                    subtype:  #snake_muishond__snakemuishond__Poecilogale_albinucha  small slender burrowing muishond with white top of the head
                    subtype:  #striped_muishond__stripedmuishond__Ictonyx_striata__ictonyxstriata  ferret-sized muishond often tamed
                    subtype:  #zoril__Ictonyx_frenata  north African muishond
              subtype:  #mink  slender-bodied semiaquatic mammal having partially webbed feet; valued for its fur
                 subtype:  #American_mink__Mustela_vison  usually rich dark brown
              subtype:  #fitch__polecat__foulmart__foumart__Mustela_putorius  dark brown mustelid of woodlands of Eurasia that gives off an unpleasant odor when threatened
                 subtype:  #ferret  domesticated albino variety of the European polecat bred for hunting rats and rabbits
              subtype:  #black-footed_ferret__ferret__Mustela_nigripes  ferret of prairie regions of United States; nearly extinct
              subtype:  #otter  freshwater carnivorous mammal having webbed and clawed feet and dark brown fur
                 subtype:  #river_otter__riverotter__Lutra_canadensis  sociable aquatic animal widely distributed along streams and lake borders in North America
                 subtype:  #Eurasian_otter__Lutra_lutra  otter found in Europe and Asia
              subtype:  #sea_otter__seaotter__Enhydra_lutris  large marine otter of northern Pacific coasts having very thick dark brown fur
              subtype:  #polecat__skunk__wood_pussy  American musteline mammal typically ejecting an intensely malodorous fluid when startled; in some classifications put in a separate subfamily Mephitinae
                 subtype:  #striped_skunk__stripedskunk__Mephitis_mephitis  most common and widespread North American skunk
                 subtype:  #hooded_skunk__Mephitis_macroura  of Mexico and southernmost parts of southwestern United States
                 subtype:  #hog-nosed_skunk__hognosedskunk__hognosed_skunk__badger_skunk__rooter_skunk__Conepatus_leuconotus  large naked-muzzled skunk with white back and tail; of southwestern North America and Mexico
                 subtype:  #little_spotted_skunk__spotted_skunk__spottedskunk__Spilogale_putorius  small skunk with a marbled black and white coat; of United States and Mexico
              subtype:  #badger  sturdy carnivorous burrowing mammal with strong claws widely distributed in the northern hemisphere
                 subtype:  #American_badger__Taxidea_taxus  a variety of badger native to America
                 subtype:  #Eurasian_badger__Meles_meles  a variety of badger native to Europe and Asia
                 subtype:  #ferret_badger  small ferret-like badger of southeast Asia
                 subtype:  #hog_badger__hogbadger__hog-nosed_badger__hognosedbadger__sand_badger__Arctonyx_collaris  SE Asian badger with a snout like a pig
              subtype:  #ratel__honey_badger__honeybadger__Mellivora_capensis  nocturnal badger-like carnivore of wooded regions of Africa and southern Asia
              subtype:  #carcajou__wolverine__skunk_bear__skunkbear__Gulo_luscus  stocky shaggy-coated North American carnivorous mammal
              subtype:  #Gulo_gulo__glutton  wolverine of northern Eurasia
              subtype:  #grison__Grison_vittatus__Galictis_vittatus  carnivore of Central and South America resembling a weasel with a grayish-white back and dark underparts
              subtype:  #marten_cat__marten  agile slender-bodied arboreal mustelids somewhat larger than weasels
                 subtype:  #pine_marten__Martes_martes  dark brown marten of northern Eurasian coniferous forests
                 subtype:  #Martes_zibellina__sable  marten of North Asian forests having luxuriant dark brown fur
                 subtype:  #American_marten__American_sable__Martes_americana  valued for its fur
                 subtype:  #stone_marten__stonemarten__beech_marten__beechmarten__Martes_foina  Eurasian marten having a brown coat with pale breast and throat
                 subtype:  #fisher_cat__fisher__pekan__black_cat__blackcat__Martes_pennanti  large dark brown North American arboreal carnivorous mammal
                 subtype:  #yellow-throated_marten__Charronia_flavigula  large yellow and black marten of S China and Burma
              subtype:  #tayra__taira__Eira_barbara  long-tailed arboreal mustelid of Central and South America
           subtype:  #procyonid  plantigrade carnivorous mammals
              subtype:  #raccoon__racoon  omnivorous nocturnal mammal native to North and Central America
                 subtype:  #common_raccoon__common_racoon__coon__ringtail__Procyon_lotor  North American raccoon
                 subtype:  #crab-eating_raccoon__Procyon_cancrivorus  South American raccoon
              subtype:  #bassarisk__cacomistle__cacomixle__coon_cat__raccoon_fox__raccoonfox__ringtail__ring-tailed_cat__civet_cat__civetcat__miner's_cat__Bassariscus_astutus  raccoon-like omnivorous mammal of Mexico and the southwestern United States having a long bushy tail with black and white rings
              subtype:  #kinkajou__honey_bear__honeybear__potto__Potos_flavus__Potos_caudivolvulus  arboreal fruit-eating mammal of tropical America with a long prehensile tail
              subtype:  #coati-mondi__coatimondi__coati__coati-mundi__coatimundi__coon_cat__Nasua_narica  omnivorous mammal of Central and South America
              subtype:  #lesser_panda__red_panda__redpanda__panda__bear_cat__cat_bear__catbear__ailurusfulgen  reddish-brown Old World raccoon-like carnivore; in some classifications considered unrelated to the giant pandas
              subtype:  #giant_panda__giantpanda__panda__panda_bear__pandabear__coon_bear__Ailuropoda_melanoleuca  large black-and-white herbivorous mammal of bamboo forests of China and Tibet; in some classifications considered a member of the bear family or of a separate family Ailuropodidae
        subtype:  #Fissipedia  in some classifications considered a suborder of Carnivora
        subtype:  #aardvark__ant_bear__antbear__Orycteropus_afer  nocturnal burrowing mammal of the grasslands of Africa that feeds on termites; sole extant representative of the order Tubulidentata
        subtype:  #chiropteran  nocturnal mouselike mammal with forelimbs modified to form membranous wings and anatomical adaptations for echolocation by which they navigate
           subtype:  #fruit_bat__fruitbat__megabat  large Old World bat of warm and tropical regions that feeds on fruit
              subtype:  #flying_fox  large bat with a head that resembles the head of a fox
              subtype:  #Pteropus_capestratus  a variety of fruit bat
              subtype:  #Pteropus_hypomelanus  a variety of fruit bat
              subtype:  #harpy_bat__harpybat__harpy__tube-nosed_bat__tube-nosed_fruit_bat  any of various fruit bats of the genus Nyctimene distinguished by nostrils drawn out into diverging tubes
              subtype:  #Cynopterus_sphinx  a variety of fruit eating bat
           subtype:  #carnivorous_bat__carnivorousbat__microbat  typically having large ears and feeding primarily on insects; worldwide in distribution
              subtype:  #mouse-eared_bat__mouseearedbat  a carnivorous bat with ears like a mouse
              subtype:  #leafnose_bat__leaf-nosed_bat  bat having a leaflike flap at the end of the nose; especially of the families Phyllostomatidae and Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae
                 subtype:  #macrotus__Macrotus_californicus  large-eared grayish bat of southern California and northwestern Mexico
                 subtype:  #spearnose_bat__spearnosebat  New World bat with a pointed nose leaf; found from southern United States to Paraguay
                 subtype:  #Phyllostomus_hastatus  a variety of leaf-nosed bat
                 subtype:  #hognose_bat__hognosebat__Choeronycteris_mexicana  small-eared Mexican bat with a long slender nose
                 subtype:  #horseshoe_bat__horseshoebat  bat having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose
                 subtype:  #horseshoe_bat.leafnose_bat__horseshoebat  any of numerous bats of northwest Africa or Philippines or Australia having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose
                 subtype:  #orange_bat__orange_horseshoe_bat__Rhinonicteris_aurantius  a common bat of northwestern Australia having orange or yellow fur
                 subtype:  #false_vampire_bat__falsevampirebat__false_vampire__falsevampire  any New or Old World carnivorous bat erroneously thought to suck blood but in fact feeding on insects
                    subtype:  #big-eared_bat__Megaderma_lyra  large carnivorous Old World bat with very large ears
              subtype:  #vespertilian_bat__vespertilionid  a variety of carnivorous bat
                 subtype:  #frosted_bat__frostedbat__Vespertilio_murinus  common Eurasian bat with white-tipped hairs in its coat
                 subtype:  #red_bat__redbat__Lasiurus_borealis  North American brick or rusty red bat with hairs tipped with white
                 subtype:  #little_brown_bat__little_brown_myotis__Myotis_leucifugus  the small common North American bat; widely distributed
                 subtype:  #cave_myotis__Myotis_velifer  small bat of southwest United States that lives in caves etc.
                 subtype:  #big_brown_bat__bigbrownbat__Eptesicus_fuscus  rather large North American brown bat; widely distributed
                 subtype:  #serotine__European_brown_bat__Eptesicus_serotinus  common European brown bat
                 subtype:  #pallid_bat__cave_bat__Antrozous_pallidus  drab yellowish big-eared cave-dwelling bat
                 subtype:  #pipistrelle__pipistrel__Pipistrellus_pipistrellus  small European brown bat
                 subtype:  #eastern_pipistrel__easternpipistrel__Pipistrellus_subflavus  one of the smallest bats of eastern North America
                 subtype:  #western_pipistrel__westernpipistrel__SPipistrellus_hesperus  of western North America
                 subtype:  #jackass_bat__jackassbat__spotted_bat__spottedbat__Euderma_maculata  large spotted bat of southwestern United States having enormous ears
                 subtype:  #long-eared_bat  any of various Old or New World bats having very long ears
                    subtype:  #western_big-eared_bat__westernbigearedbat__Plecotus_townsendi  bat of western North America having extremely large ears
              subtype:  #brown_bat__brownbat  any of numerous medium to small insectivorous bats found worldwide in caves and trees and buildings
              subtype:  #freetail__freetailed_bat  small swift bat with leathery ears and a long tail; common in warm regions
                 subtype:  #guano_bat__guanobat__Mexican_freetail_bat__Tadarida_brasiliensis  the common freetail bat of southern United States having short velvety fur; migrates south for winter
                 subtype:  #pocketed_bat__pocketed_freetail_bat__Tadirida_femorosacca  small brown bat of California and northern Mexico
              subtype:  #mastiff_bat__mastiffbat  a soft-furred chocolate-brown bat with folded ears and small wings; often runs along the ground
              subtype:  #true_vampire_bat__vampire_bat__vampirebat  any of various tropical American bats of the family Desmodontidae that bite mammals and birds to feed on their blood
                 subtype:  #Desmodus_rotundus  mouse-sized bat of tropical Central and South America having sharp incisor and canine teeth; feeds on the blood of birds and mammals
                 subtype:  #hairy-legged_vampire_bat__Diphylla_ecaudata  similar in size and habits to Desmodus rotundus; of tropical America including southern California and Texas
        subtype:  #lagomorph__gnawing_mammal__gnawingmammal  relative large gnawing animals; distinguished from rodents by having two pairs of upper incisors specialized for gnawing
           subtype:  #Duplicidentata  in former classifications considered a suborder of Rodentia coextensive with the order Lagomorpha: gnawing animals
           subtype:  #leporid_mammal__leporidmammal__leporid  rabbits and hares
              subtype:  #rabbit__coney__cony  any of various burrowing animals of the family Leporidae having long ears and short tails; some domesticated and raised for pets or food
                 subtype:  #lapin  castrated male rabbit
                 subtype:  #bunny_rabbit__bunnyrabbit__bunny  (usually informal) especially a young rabbit
                 subtype:  #European_rabbit__Old_World_rabbit__Oryctolagus_cuniculus  common grayish-brown burrowing animal native to S Europe and North Africa but introduced elsewhere; widely domesticated and developed in various colors and for various needs; young born naked and helpless
                 subtype:  #wood_rabbit__cottontail__cottontail_rabbit  common small rabbit of North America having grayish or brownish fur and a tail with a white underside; a host for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)
                    subtype:  #eastern_cottontail__easterncottontail__Sylvilagus_floridanus  widely distributed in United States except northwest and far west regions
                    subtype:  #swamp_rabbit__swamprabbit__swamp_hare__swamphare__Sylvilagus_aquaticus  of southeastern United States swamps and lowlands
                    subtype:  #marsh_hare__marshhare__swamprabbit__sylvilaguspalustri  of marshy coastal areas from North Carolina to Florida
                 subtype:  #Belgian_hare__leporide  red breed of domestic rabbits; hybrid between Old World rabbit and hare
                 subtype:  #Angora_rabbit__Angora  domestic breed with long white silky hair
              subtype:  #hare  swift timid long-eared mammal larger than a rabbit having a divided upper lip and long hind legs; young born furred and with open eyes
                 subtype:  #leveret  a young hare especially one in its first year
                 subtype:  #European_hare__Lepus_europaeus  large hare introduced in North America; does not turn white in winter
                 subtype:  #jackrabbit  large hare of western North America
                    subtype:  #white-tailed_jackrabbit__whitetail_jackrabbit__whitetailjackrabbit__Lepus_townsendi  largest hare of northern plains and western mountains of United States; brownish-gray in summer and pale gray in winter; tail nearly always all white
                    subtype:  #blacktail_jackrabbit__blacktailjackrabbit__Lepus_californicus  the common jackrabbit of grasslands and open areas of western United States; has large black-tipped ears and black streak on the tail
                 subtype:  #polar_hare__polarhare__Arctic_hare__Lepus_arcticus  large hare of Arctic America almost completely white in winter
                 subtype:  #snowshoe_hare__snowshoe_rabbit__varying_hare__varyinghare__Lepus_americanus  large large-footed North American hare; white in winter
           subtype:  #pika__mouse_hare__mousehare__rock_rabbit__coney__cony  small short-eared burrowing mammal of rocky uplands of Asia and western North America
              subtype:  #little_chief_hare__Ochotona_princeps  North American pika
              subtype:  #collared_pika__Ochotona_collaris  similar to little chief hare and may be same species
        subtype:  #rodent__gnawer__gnawing_animal__gnawinganimal  relatively small gnawing animals having a single pair of constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing
           subtype:  #mouse  any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails
              subtype:  #house_mouse__housemouse__Mus_musculus  brownish-gray Old World mouse now a common household pest worldwide
              subtype:  #harvest_mouse__harvestmouse__Micromyx_minutus  small reddish-brown Eurasian mouse inhabiting e.g. cornfields
              subtype:  #field_mouse__fieldmouse  any nocturnal Old World mouse of the genus Apodemus inhabiting woods and fields and gardens
                 subtype:  #European_wood_mouse__Apodemus_sylvaticus  nocturnal yellowish-brown mouse inhabiting woods and fields and gardens
              subtype:  #wood_mouse  any of various New World woodland mice
                 subtype:  #white-footed_mouse__vesper_mouse__Peromyscus_leucopus  American woodland mouse with white feet and underparts
                 subtype:  #deer_mouse__Peromyscus_maniculatus  brownish New World mouse; most widely distributed member of the genus
                 subtype:  #cactus_mouse__Peromyscus_eremicus  burrowing mouse of desert areas of southwestern United States
                 subtype:  #cotton_mouse__Peromyscus_gossypinus  large dark mouse of southeastern United States
                 subtype:  #pygmy_mouse__pygmymouse__Baiomys_taylori  very small dark grayish brown mouse resembling a house mouse; of Texas and Mexico
           subtype:  #rat  any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse
              subtype:  #pocket_rat  any of various rodents with cheek pouches
                 subtype:  #pocket_mouse  any of various small nocturnal burrowing desert rodents with cheek pouches and long hind legs and tail
                    subtype:  #silky_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_flavus  small pale yellowish soft-furred rodent of southwestern United States and Mexico
                    subtype:  #plains_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_flavescens  small rodent of open areas of United States plains states
                    subtype:  #hispid_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_hispidus  large stiff-haired rodent of shortgrass prairies of United States
                    subtype:  #Mexican_pocket_mouse__Liomys_irroratus  large pocket mouse of Mexico
                 subtype:  #kangaroo_rat__desert_rat__Dipodomys_phillipsii  any of various leaping rodents of desert regions of North America and Mexico; largest members of the family Heteromyidae
                    subtype:  #Ord_kangaroo_rat__Dipodomys_ordi  most widely distributed kangaroo rat: plains and mountain areas of central and western United States
                 subtype:  #dwarf_pocket_rat__kangaroo_mouse  small silky-haired pouched rodent; similar to but smaller than kangaroo rats
                 subtype:  #pocket_gopher__gopher__pouched_rat__pouchedrat  burrowing rodent of the family Geomyidae having large external cheek pouches; of Central America and southwestern North America
                    subtype:  #plains_pocket_gopher__Geomys_bursarius  gopher of chiefly grasslands of central North America
                    subtype:  #southeastern_pocket_gopher__Geomys_pinetis  gopher of Alabama Georgia and Florida
                    subtype:  #valley_pocket_gopher__Thomomys_bottae  of valleys and mountain meadows of western United States
                    subtype:  #northern_pocket_gopher__Thomomys_talpoides  grayish to brown gopher of western and central United States
              subtype:  #brown_rat__brownrat__Norway_rat__Rattus_norvegicus  common domestic rat; serious pest worldwide
                 subtype:  #wharf_rat__wharfrat  brown rat that infests wharves
                 subtype:  #sewer_rat__sewerrat  brown rat commonly found in sewers
              subtype:  #black_rat__blackrat__roof_rat__Rattus_rattus  common household pest originally from Asia that has spread worldwide
              subtype:  #bandicoot_rat__bandicootrat__mole_rat  burrowing scaly-tailed rat of India and Ceylon
              subtype:  #jerboa_rat  large Australian rat with hind legs adapted for leaping
                 subtype:  #kangaroo_mouse  leaping rodent of Australian desert areas
              subtype:  #rice_rat__Oryzomys_palustris  hardy agile rat of grassy marshes of Mexico and the southeastern United States
           subtype:  #murine  a rodent that is a member of the family Muridae
           subtype:  #water_rat__waterrat  any of various amphibious rats
              subtype:  #beaver_rat  amphibious rat of Australia and New Guinea
           subtype:  #New_World_mouse  a variety of rodent
              subtype:  #American_harvest_mouse__harvest_mouse__harvestmouse  any of several small grayish New World mice inhabiting e.g. grain fields
           subtype:  #muskrat__Ondatra_zibethica  beaver-like aquatic rodent of North America with dark glossy brown fur
           subtype:  #round-tailed_muskrat__Florida_water_rat__Neofiber_alleni  of Florida wetlands
           subtype:  #cotton_rat__Sigmodon_hispidus  destructive long-haired burrowing rat of southern North America and Central America
           subtype:  #wood_rat  any of various small short-tailed rodents of the northern hemisphere having soft fur gray above and white below with well-furred tails and large ears; some are hosts for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)
              subtype:  #vole__field_mouse__fieldmouse  any of various small mouselike rodents of the family Cricetidae especially of genus Microtus having a stout short-tailed body and inconspicuous ears and inhabiting fields or meadows
                 subtype:  #grasshopper_mouse__grasshoppermouse  insectivorous mouse of western North America
                 subtype:  #pine_vole__pine_mouse__Pitymys_pinetorum  short-tailed glossy-furred burrowing vole of the eastern United States
                 subtype:  #meadow_vole__meadow_mouse__Microtus_pennsylvaticus  widely distributed in grasslands of northern United States and Canada
                 subtype:  #Richardson_vole__water_vole__watervole__Microtus_richardsoni  of western North America
                 subtype:  #prairie_vole__prairievole__Microtus_ochrogaster  typical vole of the extended prairie region of central United States and southern Canada
                 subtype:  #water_vole__watervole__water_rat__waterrat__Arvicola_amphibius  common large Eurasian vole
                 subtype:  #red-backed_mouse__redback_vole__redbackvole  any of several voles of mountainous regions of Eurasia and America
                 subtype:  #phenacomys  any of several vole-like terrestrial or arboreal rodents of cold forested regions of Canada and western United States
              subtype:  #packrat__traderat__bushytail_woodrat__bushytailwoodrat__Neotoma_cinerea  any of several bushy-tailed rodents of the genus Neotoma of western North America; hoards food and other objects
                 subtype:  #dusky-footed_woodrat__Neotoma_fuscipes  host to Lyme disease tick (Ixodes pacificus) in northern California
              subtype:  #eastern_woodrat__easternwoodrat__Neotoma_floridana  large grayish-brown woodrat of the southeastern United States
           subtype:  #hamster  short-tailed Old World burrowing rodent with large cheek pouches
              subtype:  #Eurasian_hamster__Cricetus_cricetus  a variety of hamster common to Europe and Asia
              subtype:  #golden_hamster__Syrian_hamster__Mesocricetus_auratus  small light-colored hamster often kept as a pet
           subtype:  #gerbil__gerbille  small Old World burrowing desert rodent with long soft pale fur and hind legs adapted for leaping
              subtype:  #jird  North African gerbils
              subtype:  #tamarisk_gerbil__Meriones_unguiculatus  popular as a pet
              subtype:  #Meriones_longifrons__sand_rat  southern European gerbil
           subtype:  #lemming  any of various short-tailed furry-footed rodents of circumpolar distribution
              subtype:  #European_lemming__Lemmus_lemmus  notable for mass migrations even into the sea where many drown
              subtype:  #brown_lemming__brownlemming__Lemmus_trimucronatus  of northwestern Canada and Alaska
              subtype:  #gray_lemming__red-backed_lemming  Old World lemming
              subtype:  #pied_lemming  North American lemming having a white winter coat and some claws much enlarged
                 subtype:  #Hudson_bay_collared_lemming__Dicrostonyx_hudsonius  of northern Canada
              subtype:  #southern_bog_lemming__Synaptomys_cooperi  of low bogs and meadows of northeastern and central United States and southern Canada
              subtype:  #northern_bog_lemming__Synaptomys_borealis  of wet alpine and subalpine meadows of Canada and Alaska
           subtype:  #porcupine__hedgehog  relatively large rodents with sharp erectile bristles mingled with the fur
              subtype:  #Old_World_porcupine  terrestrial porcupine
                 subtype:  #brush-tailed_porcupine__brush-tail_porcupine  porcupine with a tuft of large beaded bristles on the tail
                 subtype:  #long-tailed_porcupine__Trichys_lipura  porcupine of Borneo and Sumatra having short spines and a long tail
              subtype:  #New_World_porcupine  arboreal porcupine
                 subtype:  #Canada_porcupine__Erethizon_dorsatum  porcupine of northeastern North America with barbed spines concealed in the coarse fur; often gnaws buildings for salt and grease
           subtype:  #jumping_mouse__jumpingmouse  any of several primitive mouselike rodents with long hind legs and no cheek pouches; of woodlands of Eurasia and North America
              subtype:  #meadow_jumping_mouse__Zapus_hudsonius  widely distributed in northeastern and central United States and Canada
           subtype:  #jerboa  mouselike jumping rodent
              subtype:  #typical_jerboa__typicaljerboa  small nocturnal jumping rodent with long hind legs; of arid parts of North Africa and Asia
              subtype:  #Jaculus_jaculus  a variety of jerboa
           subtype:  #dormouse  small furry-tailed squirrel-like Old World rodent that becomes torpid in cold weather
              subtype:  #loir__Glis_glis  large European dormouse
              subtype:  #hazel_mouse__hazelmouse__Muscardinus_avellanarius  a variety of dormouse
              subtype:  #lerot  dormouse of southern Europe and northern Africa
           subtype:  #squirrel  a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail
              subtype:  #tree_squirrel  any typical arboreal squirrel
                 subtype:  #eastern_gray_squirrel__cat_squirrel__catsquirrel__Sciurus_carolinensis  common medium-large squirrel of eastern North America; now introduced into England
                 subtype:  #western_gray_squirrel__Sciurus_griseus  large gray squirrel of far western areas of United States
                 subtype:  #eastern_fox_squirrel__easternfoxsquirrel__fox_squirrel__foxsquirrel__Sciurus_niger  exceptionally large arboreal squirrel of eastern United States
                 subtype:  #black_squirrel__blacksquirrel  fox squirrel or gray squirrel in the black color phase
                 subtype:  #red_squirrel__redsquirrel__cat_squirrel__catsquirrel__Sciurus_vulgaris  common reddish-brown squirrel of Europe and parts of Asia
                 subtype:  #American_red_squirrel__spruce_squirrel__red_squirrel__redsquirrel__Sciurus_hudsonicus__Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus  of northern United States and Canada
                 subtype:  #chickeree__Douglas_squirrel__Tamiasciurus_douglasi  far western United States counterpart of the red squirrel
              subtype:  #ground_squirrel__gopher__spermophile  any of various terrestrial burrowing rodents of Old and New Worlds; often destroy crops
                 subtype:  #whitetail_antelope_squirrel__antelope_squirrel__antelope_chipmunk__Citellus_leucurus  small ground squirrel of western United States
                 subtype:  #mantled_ground_squirrel__Citellus_lateralis  common black-striped reddish-brown ground squirrel of western North America; resembles a large chipmunk
                 subtype:  #suslik__souslik__Citellus_citellus  rather large central Eurasian ground squirrel
                 subtype:  #flickertail__Richardson_ground_squirrel__Citellus_richardsoni  of sagebrush and grassland areas of western United States and Canada
                 subtype:  #rock_squirrel__Citellus_variegatus  large gray ground squirrel of rocky areas of the southwestern United States
                 subtype:  #Arctic_ground_squirrel__parka_squirrel__parkasquirrel__Citellus_parryi  large ground squirrel of the North American far north
              subtype:  #eastern_chipmunk__easternchipmunk__hackee__striped_squirrel__stripedsquirrel__ground_squirrel__Tamias_striatus  small striped semiterrestrial eastern American squirrel with cheek pouches
              subtype:  #chipmunk  chipmunk of western America and Asia
              subtype:  #baronduki__baranduki__barunduki__burunduki__eutamiusasiaticu__Eutamius_sibiricus  terrestrial Siberian squirrel
              subtype:  #American_flying_squirrel  New World flying squirrels
                 subtype:  #southern_flying_squirrel__Glaucomys_volans  small large-eyed nocturnal flying squirrel of eastern United States
                 subtype:  #northern_flying_squirrel__Glaucomys_sabrinus  large flying squirrel; chiefly of Canada
              subtype:  #Asiatic_flying_squirrel  nocturnal rodent of Asia having furry folds of skin between forelegs and hind legs enabling it to move by gliding leaps
                 subtype:  #taguan__flying_marmot__flying_cat__Petaurista_petaurista  East Indian flying squirrel
           subtype:  #prairie_dog__prairiedog__prairie_marmot__prairiemarmot  any of several rodents of North American prairies living in large complex burrows having a barking cry
              subtype:  #blacktail_prairie_dog__blacktailprairiedog__Cynomys_ludovicianus  tail is black tipped
              subtype:  #whitetail_prairie_dog__whitetailprairiedog__Cynomys_gunnisoni  tail is white tipped
           subtype:  #marmot  stocky coarse-furred burrowing rodent with a short bushy tail found throughout the northern hemisphere; hibernates in winter
              subtype:  #groundhog__woodchuck__Marmota_monax  reddish brown North American marmot
              subtype:  #hoary_marmot__hoarymarmot__whistler__whistling_marmot__whistlingmarmot__Marmota_caligata  large North American mountain marmot
              subtype:  #yellowbelly_marmot__yellowbellymarmot__rockchuck__marmotaflaviventri  heavy-bodied yellowish-brown marmot of rocky areas of western North America
           subtype:  #beaver  large semiaquatic rodent with webbed hind feet and a broad flat tail; construct complex dams and underwater lodges
              subtype:  #Old_World_beaver__Castor_fiber  a European variety of beaver
              subtype:  #New_World_beaver__Castor_canadensis  a variety of beaver found in almost all areas of North America except Florida
           subtype:  #mountain_beaver__sewellel__Aplodontia_rufa  bulky nocturnal burrowing rodent of uplands of the Pacific coast of North America; the most primitive living rodent
           subtype:  #cavy  short-tailed rough-haired South American rodent
              subtype:  #Cavia_cobaya__guinea_pig  stout-bodied nearly tailless domesticated cavy; often kept as a pet and widely used in research
              subtype:  #aperea__wild_cavy__Cavia_porcellus  South American cavy; possibly ancestral to the domestic guinea pig
           subtype:  #mara__Dolichotis_patagonum  hare-like rodent of the pampas of Argentina
           subtype:  #capybara__capibara__Hydrochoerus_hydrochaeris  pig-sized tailless South American amphibious rodent with partly webbed feet; largest living rodent
           subtype:  #agouti__Dasyprocta_aguti  agile long-legged rabbit-sized rodent of Central and South America and West Indies; valued as food
           subtype:  #Cuniculus_paca__paca  large burrowing rodent of South and Central America; highly esteemed as food
           subtype:  #mountain_paca  rodent of mountains of western South America
           subtype:  #Myocastor_coypus__coypu__nutria  aquatic South American rodent resembling a small beaver; bred for its fur
           subtype:  #Chinchilla_laniger__chinchilla  small rodent with soft pearly gray fur; native to the Andes but bred in captivity for fur
           subtype:  #mountain_chinchilla__mountain_viscacha  a rodent native to the mountains of Chile and Peru and now bred in captivity
           subtype:  #viscacha__chinchillon__Lagostomus_maximus  gregarious burrowing rodent larger than the chinchillas
           subtype:  #abrocome__chinchilla_rat__rat_chinchilla__ratchinchilla  ratlike rodent with soft fur and large ears of the Andes
           subtype:  #mole_rat  furry short-limbed tailless rodent resembling a true mole in habits and appearance; of eastern Europe and Middle East
           subtype:  #mole_rat.rodent__molerat  African rodent resembling a mole in habits and appearance
           subtype:  #sand_rat  small nearly naked African mole rat of desert areas
        subtype:  #Ungulata  in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising all hoofed mammals; now divided into the orders Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) and Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
        subtype:  #ungulate__hoofed_mammal  any of a number of hoofed mammals superficially similar but not necessarily closely related taxonomically
           subtype:  #dinocerate  an extinct ungulate
              subtype:  #dinoceras__dinocera__uintathere  a variety of dinocerate
           subtype:  #odd-toed_ungulate__perissodactyl__perissodactyl_mammal__perissodactylmammal  placental mammals having hooves with an odd number of toes on each foot
              subtype:  #equine__equid  hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a narrow mane along the back of the neck
                 subtype:  #horse__Equus_caballus  solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times
                    subtype:  #roan  horse having a roan coat
                    subtype:  #stablemate__stable_companion  a horse stabled with another or one of several horses owned by the same person
                    subtype:  #gee-gee__geegee  a word for horse used by children or in adult slang
                    subtype:  #eohippus__dawn_horse  earliest horse; extinct primitive dog-sized 4-toed Eocene animal
                    subtype:  #mesohippus  North American 3-toed Oligocene animal; probably not directly ancestral to modern horses
                    subtype:  #protohippus  Pliocene horse approaching donkeys in size
                    subtype:  #female_horse__mare  female equine animal
                       subtype:  #broodmare__stud_mare  a female horse used for breeding
                    subtype:  #saddle_horse__riding_horse__mount  a lightweight horse kept for riding only
                       subtype:  #remount  a fresh horse especially (formerly) to replace one killed or injured in battle
                       subtype:  #palfrey  (archaic) especially a light saddle horse for a woman
                       subtype:  #warhorse  horse used in war
                          subtype:  #cavalry_horse__cavalryhorse  horse trained for battle
                          subtype:  #charger  formerly a strong horse ridden into battle
                          subtype:  #steed  (literary) spirited horse for state or war
                       subtype:  #prancer  a mettlesome or fiery horse
                       subtype:  #hack  a saddle horse used for transportation rather than sport etc.
                       subtype:  #cow_pony__cowpony  a light saddle horse trained for herding cattle
                       subtype:  #quarter_horse__quarterhorse  a small powerful horse originally bred for sprinting in quarter-mile races in Virginia
                       subtype:  #Morgan  an American breed of small compact saddle horses
                       subtype:  #Tennessee_walker__Tennessee_walking_horse__Walking_horse__Plantation_walking_horse  a horse marked by stamina and trained to move at a fast running walk
                       subtype:  #American_saddle_horse  a high-stepping horse originating in Kentucky
                       subtype:  #Appaloosa  a hardy breed developed in western North America and characteristically having a spotted rump
                       subtype:  #Arabian__Arab  a spirited graceful and intelligent riding horse native to Arabia
                       subtype:  #buckskin_horse__buckskin  horse of a light yellowish dun color with dark mane and tail
                       subtype:  #crowbait  an emaciated horse likely soon to become carrion and so attractive to crows
                       subtype:  #dun  horse of a dull brownish gray color
                       subtype:  #gray_horse  horse of a light grey or whitish color
                    subtype:  #pony  a range horse of the western United States
                       subtype:  #mustang  small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish
                          subtype:  #bronco__bronc__broncho  an unbroken or imperfectly broken mustang
                             subtype:  #bucking_bronco__buckingbronco  a vicious or unbreakable bronco
                       subtype:  #cayuse__Indian_pony  a small native range horse
                    subtype:  #polo_pony  a small agile horse specially bred and trained for playing polo
                    subtype:  #wild_horse  undomesticated or feral domestic horse
                       subtype:  #tarpan__Equus_caballus_gomelini  European wild horse extinct since the early 20th century
                       subtype:  #warrigal__warragal  Australian wild horse
                       subtype:  #Przewalski's_horse__Przevalski's_horse__Equus_caballus_przewalskii__Equus_caballus_przevalskii  wild horse of central Asia that resembles an ass; now endangered
                    subtype:  #hack.horse  a horse kept for hire
                    subtype:  #jade__hack__nag__plug  an old or over-worked horse
                    subtype:  #pony.horse  any of various breeds of small gentle horses usually less than five feet high at the shoulder
                       subtype:  #Shetland_pony  breed of very small pony with long shaggy mane and tail
                       subtype:  #Welsh_pony  breed of small ponies originally from Wales
                       subtype:  #Exmoor  stocky breed of pony with a fawn-colored nose
                    subtype:  #racehorse__bangtail__race_horse  a horse bred for racing
                       subtype:  #pony.racehorse  an informal term for a racehorse; "he liked to bet on the ponies"
                       subtype:  #yearling.racehorse  a racehorse considered one year old until the second Jan. 1 following its birth
                       subtype:  #dark_horse  a racehorse about which little is known
                       subtype:  #mudder  a racehorse that runs well on a muddy racetrack
                       subtype:  #nonstarter  a horse that fails to run in a race for which it has been entered
                       subtype:  #pacemaker__pacer__pacesetter  a horse used to set the pace in racing
                       subtype:  #trotting_horse__trotter  a horse trained to trot especially one trained for harness racing
                          subtype:  #pole_horse  the horse having a starting position next to the inside rail in a harness race
                    subtype:  #steeplechaser  a horse trained to run in steeplechases
                    subtype:  #stalking-horse  a horse behind which a hunter hides while stalking game
                    subtype:  #harness_horse__harnesshorse  horse used for pulling vehicles
                       subtype:  #cob.harness_horse  stocky short-legged harness horse
                       subtype:  #hackney  a compact breed of harness horse
                    subtype:  #workhorse  a horse used for plowing and hauling and other heavy labor
                       subtype:  #plow_horse__plough_horse  a horse used to pull a plow
                       subtype:  #draft_horse__draught_horse__draughthorse__dray_horse  horse adapted for drawing heavy loads
                          subtype:  #carthorse__cart_horse__drayhorse  draft horse kept for pulling carts
                          subtype:  #Clydesdale  heavy feathered-legged breed of draft horse originally from Scotland
                          subtype:  #shire_horse__shirehorse__shire  British breed of large heavy draft horse
                          subtype:  #poler__pole_horse  a draft horse harnessed alongside the shaft or pole of a vehicle
                          subtype:  #wheel_horse__wheelhorse__wheeler  a draft horse harnessed behind others and nearest the wheels of a vehicle
                          subtype:  #coach_horse__coachhorse  strong draft horse for drawing coaches
                       subtype:  #packhorse  a workhorse used as a pack animal
                       subtype:  #farm_horse__dobbin  a quiet plodding workhorse
                    subtype:  #post_horse__poster  a horse kept at an inn or post house for use by mail carriers or for rent to travelers
                    subtype:  #pacer  a horse trained to a special gait in which both feet on one side leave the ground together
                    subtype:  #high_stepper__stepper  a horse trained to lift its feet high off the ground while walking or trotting
                    subtype:  #chestnut  a dark golden-brown or reddish-brown horse
                    subtype:  #liver_chestnut__liverchestnut  a solid dark brown horse
                    subtype:  #bay.horse  a horse of a moderate reddish-brown color
                    subtype:  #sorrel  a horse of a brownish orange to light brown color
                    subtype:  #palomino  a horse of light tan or golden color with cream or white mane and tail
                    subtype:  #pinto  a spotted or calico horse or pony
                 subtype:  #ass__as  hardy and sure-footed animal smaller and with longer ears than the horse
                    subtype:  #domestic_ass__donkey__Equus_asinus  domestic beast of burden descended from the African wild ass; patient but stubborn
                       subtype:  #burro  small donkey used as a pack animal
                       subtype:  #moke  British informal
                    subtype:  #jackass__jackas  male donkey
                    subtype:  #jennet__jenny__jenny_ass__jennyas  female donkey
                    subtype:  #wild_ass  any of several plain-colored equine mammals of Asia and northeast Africa
                       subtype:  #African_wild_ass__Equus_asinus  a wild ass of Africa
                       subtype:  #Equus_kiang__kiang  wild ass of Tibet and Mongolia
                       subtype:  #Equus_hemionus__onager  Asiatic wild ass
                          subtype:  #chigetai__dziggetai__Equus_hemionus_hemionus__equushemionushemionu  Mongolian wild ass
                 subtype:  #mule  sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse
                 subtype:  #hinny  sterile offspring of a male horse and a female donkey or ass
                 subtype:  #zebra  any of several fleet black-and-white striped African equines
                    subtype:  #common_zebra__Burchell's_zebra__Equus_Burchelli  of the plains of central and eastern Africa
                    subtype:  #mountain_zebra__Equus_zebra_zebra  narrow-striped nearly extinct zebra of southern Africa
                    subtype:  #grevy's_zebra__grevy'szebra__Equus_grevyi  zebra with less continuous stripes
                 subtype:  #Equus_quagga__quagga  mammal of South Africa that resembled a zebra; extinct since late 19th century
              subtype:  #rhinoceros__rhino  massive powerful herbivorous odd-toed ungulate of southeast Asia and Africa having very thick skin and one or two horns on the snout
                 subtype:  #Indian_rhinoceros__Rhinoceros_unicornis  having one horn
                 subtype:  #woolly_rhinoceros__Rhinoceros_antiquitatis  extinct thick-haired species of arctic regions
                 subtype:  #white_rhinoceros__Ceratotherium_simum__Diceros_simus  large light-gray African rhinoceros having two horns; endangered; sometimes placed in genus Diceros
                 subtype:  #black_rhinoceros__Diceros_bicornis  African rhino; in danger of extinction
              subtype:  #tapir  large inoffensive chiefly nocturnal ungulate of tropical America and southeast Asia having a heavy body and fleshy snout
                 subtype:  #New_World_tapir__Tapirus_terrestris  a tapir found in South and Central America
                 subtype:  #Malayan_tapir__Indian_tapir__Tapirus_indicus  a tapir found in Malaya and Sumatra
           subtype:  #even-toed_ungulate__artiodactyl__artiodactyl_mammal__artiodactylmammal  placental mammal having hooves with an even number of functional toes on each foot
              subtype:  #swine  stout-bodied short-legged omnivorous animals
                 subtype:  #pig__squealer__grunter__Sus_scrofa  domestic swine
                    subtype:  #porker  a pig fattened to provide meat
                 subtype:  #boar  an uncastrated male hog
                 subtype:  #sow  an adult female hog
                 subtype:  #razorback_hog__razorbackhog__razorback__razorbacked_hog__razorbackedhog  thin-bodied mongrel hog of southeastern United States that is a wild or semi-wild descendant of improved breeds
                 subtype:  #wild_boar__boar__Sus_scrofa  Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States
                 subtype:  #babirusa__babiroussa__babirussa__Babyrousa_Babyrussa  Indonesian wild pig with enormous curved canine teeth
                 subtype:  #warthog  African wild swine with warty protuberances on the face and large protruding tusks
              subtype:  #peccary__musk_hog  nocturnal gregarious pig-like wild animals of North and South America
                 subtype:  #collared_peccary__javelina__Tayassu_angulatus__Tayassu_tajacu__Peccari_angulatus  dark gray peccary with an indistinct white collar; of semi desert areas of Mexico and southwestern United States
                 subtype:  #white-lipped_peccary__Tayassu_pecari  blackish peccary with whitish cheeks; larger than the collared peccary
                 subtype:  #Chiacoan_peccary  a recently discovered large wild pig of Paraguay
              subtype:  #hippopotamus__hippo__river_horse__riverhorse__Hippopotamus_amphibius  massive thick-skinned herbivorous animal living in or around rivers of tropical Africa
              subtype:  #ruminant  any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments
                 subtype:  #pollard  a usually horned animal that as either shed its horns or had them removed
                 subtype:  #bovid  hollow-horned ruminants
                    subtype:  #bovine  any of various members of the genus Bos
                       subtype:  #wild_ox__ox  any of various wild bovines especially of the genera Bos or closely related Bibos
                          subtype:  #aurochs__auroch__urus__Bos_primigenius  large recently extinct long-horned European wild ox; considered one of the ancestors of domestic cattle
                          subtype:  #Bos_grunniens__yak  large long-haired wild ox of Tibet often domesticated
                          subtype:  #Bos_banteng__banteng__banting  wild ox of the Malay Archipelago
                          subtype:  #Asian_wild_ox  genus of Asiatic wild oxen
                             subtype:  #gaur__Bibos_gaurus  wild ox of mountainous areas of eastern India
                             subtype:  #gayal__mithan__Bibos_frontalis  ox of southeast Asia sometimes considered a domesticated breed of the gaur
                       subtype:  #cattle__cows__kine__oxen__Bos_taurus  domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age: "so many head of cattle"; "wait till the cows come home"; "seven thin and ill-favored kine"- Bible; "a team of oxen"
                          subtype:  #ox  an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus
                          subtype:  #stirk  yearling heifer or bullock
                          subtype:  #steer__bullock  castrated bull
                          subtype:  #bull.cattle  uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle
                             subtype:  #bullock  young bull
                          subtype:  #moo-cow__moocow__cow  female of domestic cattle: "`moo-cow'" is a child's term"
                             subtype:  #springing_cow__springingcow__springer  a cow about to give birth
                             subtype:  #heifer  young cow
                          subtype:  #beef_cattle__beef  cattle that are reared for their meat
                             subtype:  #Texas_longhorn__longhorn  long-horned beef cattle formerly common in southwestern United States
                             subtype:  #Santa_Gertrudis  Brahman and shorthorn crossbreed of red cattle; hardy in hot regions
                             subtype:  #Aberdeen_Angus__Angus__black_Angus  black hornless breed from Scotland
                             subtype:  #Charolais  large white or cream-colored breed from France
                             subtype:  #shorthorn__Durham  English breed of short-horned cattle
                             subtype:  #Galloway  breed of hardy black chiefly beef cattle native to Scotland
                             subtype:  #Hereford__whiteface  hardy English breed of dairy cattle raised extensively in United States
                             subtype:  #cattalo  hardy breed of cattle resulting from crossing domestic cattle with the American buffalo; yields leaner beef than conventional breeds
                          subtype:  #Welsh_Black__Welsh  Welsh breed of dual-purpose cattle
                          subtype:  #red_poll__redpoll  hornless short-haired breed of beef and dairy cattle
                          subtype:  #Africander  tall large-horned humped south African cattle for meat or draft
                          subtype:  #dairy_cattle__dairycattle__dairy_cow__dairycow__milch_cow__milchcow__milk_cow__milcher__milker  cattle that are reared for their milk
                             subtype:  #Ayrshire  hardy breed from Ayr Scotland
                             subtype:  #Brown_Swiss  large hardy brown breed from Switzerland
                             subtype:  #Jersey  breed from the island of Jersey
                             subtype:  #milking_shorthorn__milkingshorthorn  breed evolved from shorthorn beef cattle
                             subtype:  #Holstein-Friesian__Friesian__Holstein  a breed of dairy cattle from northern Holland
                             subtype:  #Guernsey  breed of dairy cattle from the island of Guernsey
                          subtype:  #Devon  red dual-purpose cattle of English origin
                       subtype:  #Bos_indicus__Brahman__Brahma__Brahmin  any of several breeds of Indian cattle; especially a large American heat and tick resistant grayish humped breed evolved in the Gulf States by interbreeding Indian cattle and now used chiefly for crossbreeding
                          subtype:  #zebu  domesticated ox having a humped back and long horns and a large dewlap; used chiefly as a draft animal in India and east Asia
                    subtype:  #Old_World_buffalo__buffalo  any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo; Cape buffalo
                       subtype:  #water_buffalo__waterbuffalo__water_ox__waterox__Asiatic_buffalo__Bubalus_bubalis  Asiatic buffalo often domesticated for use as a draft animal
                          subtype:  #Indian_buffalo  upland buffalo of eastern Asia where true water buffaloes do not thrive; used for draft and milk
                          subtype:  #carabao  water buffalo of the Philippines
                       subtype:  #anoa__dwarf_buffalo__dwarfbuffalo__Anoa_depressicornis  small buffalo of the Celebes having small straight horns
                       subtype:  #tamarau__tamarao__Bubalus_mindorensis__Anoa_mindorensis  small buffalo of Mindoro in the Philippines
                       subtype:  #Cape_buffalo__Synercus_caffer  large often savage buffalo of southern Africa having upward-curving horns; mostly in game reserves
                    subtype:  #bison  any of several large shaggy-maned humped bovids having large heads and short horns
                       subtype:  #American_bison__American_buffalo__buffalo__bisonbison  large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains
                       subtype:  #wisent__aurochs__auroch__Bison_bonasus  European bison having a smaller and higher head than the North American bison
                    subtype:  #musk_ox__musk_sheep__Ovibos_moschatus  large shaggy-coated bovid mammal of Canada and Greenland; intermediate in size and anatomy between an ox and a sheep
                    subtype:  #sheep  woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat
                       subtype:  #ewe  female sheep
                       subtype:  #tup__ram  uncastrated adult male sheep: "a British term is `tup'"
                       subtype:  #wether  male sheep especially a castrated one
                          subtype:  #bellwether  sheep that leads the herd often wearing a bell
                       subtype:  #black_sheep__blacksheep  sheep with a black coat
                       subtype:  #domestic_sheep__Ovis_aries  any of various breeds raised for wool or edible meat or skin
                          subtype:  #Cotswold  sheep with long wool originating in the Cotswolds
                          subtype:  #Hampshire_down__Hampshire  British breed of hornless dark-faced mutton sheep
                          subtype:  #Lincoln  long-wooled mutton sheep originally from Lincolnshire
                          subtype:  #Exmoor.domestic_sheep__exmoor  horned sheep of Devon; valued for mutton
                          subtype:  #Cheviot  hardy hornless sheep of the Cheviot hills noted for its wool
                          subtype:  #caracul__karakul  hardy coarse-haired sheep of central Asia; lambs are valued for their soft curly black fur
                          subtype:  #longwool  a domestic long-wool sheep
                          subtype:  #merino_sheep__merino  white sheep originating in Spain and producing a heavy fleece of exceptional quality
                          subtype:  #Rambouillet  hardy sheep developed from the Merino producing both good mutton and fine wool
                    subtype:  #wild_sheep  undomesticated sheep
                       subtype:  #argali__argal__Ovis_ammon  wild sheep of semidesert regions in central Asia
                       subtype:  #Marco_Polo_sheep__Marco_Polo's_sheep__Ovis_poli  Asiatic wild sheep with exceptionally large horns; sometimes considered a variety of the argali (or Ovis ammon)
                       subtype:  #urial__Ovis_vignei  bearded reddish sheep of southern Asia
                       subtype:  #Dall_sheep__Dall's_sheep__white_sheep__whitesheep__Ovis_montana_dalli  large white wild sheep of northwestern Canada and Alaska
                       subtype:  #mountain_sheep  any wild sheep inhabiting mountainous regions
                          subtype:  #Rocky_Mountain_bighorn__bighorn__bighorn_sheep__bighornsheep__cimarron__Rocky_Mountain_sheep__Ovis_canadensis  wild sheep of mountainous regions of western North America having massive curled horns
                          subtype:  #mouflon__moufflon__Ovis_musimon  wild short-fleeced mountain sheep of Corsica and Sardinia
                       subtype:  #aoudad__arui__audad__Barbary_sheep__maned_sheep__manedsheep__Ammotragus_lervia  wild sheep of northern Africa
                    subtype:  #caprine_animal__caprineanimal__goat  any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns
                       subtype:  #kid  young goat
                       subtype:  #billy_goat__billygoat__billy__he-goat  male goat
                       subtype:  #nanny-goat__nannygoat__nanny__she-goat__shegoat  female goat
                       subtype:  #domestic_goat__Capra_hircus  any of various breeds raised for milk or meat or wool
                          subtype:  #Cashmere_goat__Kashmir_goat  Himalayan goat having a silky undercoat highly prized as cashmere wool
                          subtype:  #Angora_goat__Angora  raised for its long silky hair which is the true mohair
                       subtype:  #wild_goat  undomesticated goat
                          subtype:  #bezoar_goat__pasang__Capra_aegagrus  wild goat of Iran and adjacent regions
                          subtype:  #markhor__Capra_falconeri  large Himalayan goat with large spiraled horns
                          subtype:  #Capra_ibex__ibex  wild goat of mountain areas of Eurasia and North Africa having large recurved horns
                    subtype:  #goat_antelope  bovid related to goats but having antelope-like features: mountain goats; gorals; serows; chamois; gnu goats
                       subtype:  #mountain_goat__Rocky_Mountain_goat__Oreamnos_americanus  sure-footed mammal of mountainous northwestern North America
                       subtype:  #Naemorhedus_goral__goral  small goat antelope with small conical horns; of South Asian mountains
                       subtype:  #serow  short-horned dark-coated goat antelope of mountain areas of south and southeast Asia
                       subtype:  #chamois__Rupicapra_rupicapra  hoofed mammal of mountains of Eurasia having upright horns with backward-hooked tips
                       subtype:  #takin__gnu_goat__gnugoat__budorcastaxicolor  large heavily built goat antelope of eastern Himalayan area
                    subtype:  #antelope  graceful Old World ruminant with long legs and horns directed upward and backward; includes gazelles; springboks; impalas; addax; gerenuks; blackbucks; dik-diks
                       subtype:  #blackbuck__black_buck__blackbuck__Antilope_cervicapra  common Indian antelope with a dark back and spiral horns
                       subtype:  #gerenuk__Litocranius_walleri  slender east African antelope with slim neck and backward-curving horns
                       subtype:  #addax__Addax_nasomaculatus  large antelope with lightly spiraled horns of desert regions of North Africa
                       subtype:  #gnu__wildebeest  large African antelope having a head with horns like an ox and a long tufted tail
                       subtype:  #dik-dik__dikdik  any of several small antelopes of eastern Africa of the genus Madoqua; the size of a large rabbit
                       subtype:  #hartebeest  large African antelope with lyre-shaped horns that curve backward
                       subtype:  #sassaby__topi__Damaliscus_lunatus  large South African antelope; considered the swiftest hoofed mammal
                       subtype:  #impala__Aepyceros_melampus  African antelope with ridged curved horns; moves with enormous leaps
                       subtype:  #gazelle  small swift graceful antelope of Africa and Asia having lustrous eyes
                          subtype:  #Thomson's_gazelle__Gazella_thomsoni  E African Gazelle; smallest gazelle
                          subtype:  #Gazella_subgutturosa  a kind of gazelle
                          subtype:  #springbok__springbuck__Antidorcas_marsupialis__Antidorcas_euchore  South African gazelle noted for springing lightly into the air
                       subtype:  #bongo__Tragelaphus_eurycerus__Boocercus_eurycerus  large forest antelope of central Africa having a reddish-brown coat with white stripes and spiral horns
                       subtype:  #kudu__koodoo__koudou  either of two spiral-horned antelopes of the African bush
                          subtype:  #greater_kudu__greaterkudu__tragelaphusstrepsicero  a variety of kudu
                          subtype:  #lesser_kudu__Tragelaphus_imberbis  a smaller variety of kudu
                       subtype:  #harnessed_antelope__harnessedantelope  any of several antelopes of the genus Tragelaphus having striped markings resembling a harness
                          subtype:  #nyala__Tragelaphus_angasi  spiral-horned South African antelope with a fringe of white hairs along back and neck
                          subtype:  #bushbuck__guib__Tragelaphus_scriptus  antelope with white markings like a harness and twisted horns
                       subtype:  #mountain_nyala__Tragelaphus_buxtoni  shaggy antelope of mountains of Ethiopia
                       subtype:  #nilgai__nylghai__blue_bull__Boselaphus_tragocamelus  large Indian antelope; male is blue-grey with white markings; female is brownish with no horns
                       subtype:  #sable_antelope__sableantelope__Hippotragus_niger  large black east African antelope with sharp back-curving horns
                       subtype:  #saiga__Saiga_tatarica  goat-like antelope of central Eurasia having a stubby nose like a proboscis
                       subtype:  #steenbok__steinbok__Raphicerus_campestris  small plains antelope of southeastern Africa
                       subtype:  #eland  either of two large African antelopes of the genus Taurotragus having short spirally twisted horns in both sexes
                          subtype:  #common_eland__Taurotragus_oryx  dark fawn-colored eland of South and East Africa
                          subtype:  #giant_eland__gianteland__Taurotragus_derbianus  large dark striped eland of western equatorial Africa
                       subtype:  #waterbuck  any of several large African antelopes of the genus Kobus having curved ridged horns and frequenting e.g. swamps and rivers
                          subtype:  #Kobus_kob__kob  an orange-brown antelope of southeast Africa
                          subtype:  #lechwe__Kobus_leche  tawny-colored African antelope inhabiting wet grassy plains; a threatened species
                       subtype:  #puku__Adenota_vardoni  an African antelope closely related to the waterbuck
                       subtype:  #oryx__pasang  large African antelope with long straight nearly upright horns
                          subtype:  #gemsbok__gemsbuck__Oryx_gazella  large South African oryx with a broad black band along its flanks
                    subtype:  #forest_goat__spindle_horn__spindlehorn__Pseudoryx_nghetinhensis  cow-like creature with the glossy coat of a horse and the agility of a goat and the long horns of an antelope; characterized as a cow that lives the life of a goat
                 subtype:  #pronghorn_antelope__pronghornantelope__pronghorn__prongbuck__American_antelope__Antilocapra_americana  fleet antelope-like ruminant of western North American plains with small branched horns
                 subtype:  #deer__cervid  distinguished from Bovidae by the male's having solid deciduous antlers
                    subtype:  #pricket  male deer in his second year
                    subtype:  #fawn  young deer
                    subtype:  #red_deer__reddeer__cervuselaphu  common deer of temperate Europe and Asia
                       subtype:  #hart__stag  male red deer
                       subtype:  #hind  female red deer
                       subtype:  #brocket  male red deer in its second year
                    subtype:  #sambar__sambur__Cervus_unicolor  South Asian deer with three-tined antlers
                    subtype:  #wapiti__American_elk__Cervus_canadensis  large North American deer with large much-branched antlers
                    subtype:  #Japanese_deer__sika__Cervus_nipon__Cervus_sika  small deer of Japan with slightly forked antlers
                    subtype:  #Virginia_deer__white_tail__whitetail__white-tailed_deer__whitetail_deer__whitetaildeer__Odocoileus_Virginianus  common North American deer; tail has a white underside
                    subtype:  #mule_deer__burro_deer__burrodeer__Odocoileus_hemionus  long-eared deer of western North America with two-pronged antlers
                       subtype:  #black-tailed_deer__blacktail_deer__blacktaildeer__blacktail__odocoileushemionuscolumbianu  mule deer of western Rocky Mountains
                    subtype:  #European_elk__elk__Alces_alces  large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called elk in Europe and moose in North America
                    subtype:  #fallow_deer__Dama_dama  small Eurasian deer
                    subtype:  #roe_deer__roedeer__Capreolus_capreolus  small graceful deer of Eurasian woodlands having small forked antlers
                       subtype:  #roebuck  male roe deer
                    subtype:  #Greenland_caribou__caribou__reindeer__Rangifer_tarandus  arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called reindeer in Eurasia and caribou in North America
                       subtype:  #woodland_caribou__Rangifer_caribou  any of several large caribou living in coniferous forests of southern Canada; in some classifications included in the species Rangifer tarandus
                       subtype:  #barren_ground_caribou__Rangifer_arcticus  of tundra of northern Canada; in some classifications included in the species Rangifer tarandus
                    subtype:  #brocket.deer  small South American deer with unbranched antlers
                    subtype:  #muntjac__barking_deer__barkingdeer  small Asian deer with small antlers and a cry like a bark
                    subtype:  #musk_deer__Moschus_moschiferus  small heavy-limbed upland deer of central Asia; male secretes valued musk
                    subtype:  #pere_david's_deer__elaphure__Elaphurus_davidianus  large Chinese deer surviving only in domesticated herds
                 subtype:  #chevrotain__mouse_deer__mousedeer  very small hornless deer-like ruminant of tropical Asia and west Africa
                    subtype:  #Tragulus_kanchil__kanchil  small chevrotain of southeastern Asia
                    subtype:  #napu__Tragulus_Javanicus  chevrotain somewhat larger than the kanchil; found in India and Malaya
                    subtype:  #water_chevrotain__waterchevrotain__water_deer__waterdeer__Hyemoschus_aquaticus  largest chevrotain; of marshy areas of west Africa
                 subtype:  #giraffe__camelopard__Giraffa_camelopardalis  tallest living quadruped; having a spotted coat and small horns and very long neck and legs; of savannahs of tropical Africa
                    subtype:  #okapi__Okapia_johnstoni  similar to the giraffe but smaller with much shorter neck and stripe on the legs
              subtype:  #camel  cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions
                 subtype:  #Arabian_camel__dromedary__Camelus_dromedarius  one-humped camel of the hot deserts of North Africa and southwestern Asia
                 subtype:  #Bactrian_camel__Camelus_bactrianus  two-humped camel of the cold deserts of central Asia
              subtype:  #llama  wild or domesticated South American cud-chewing animal related to camels but smaller and lacking a hump
                 subtype:  #domestic_llama__Lama_peruana  used in the Andes as a beast of burden and source of wool; considered a domesticated variety of the guanaco
                 subtype:  #guanaco__Lama_guanicoe  wild llama
                 subtype:  #Lama_pacos__alpaca  domesticated llama with long silky fleece; believed to be a domesticated variety of the guanaco
              subtype:  #Vicugna_vicugna__vicuna  small wild cud-chewing Andean animal similar to the guanaco but smaller; valued for its fleecy undercoat
        subtype:  #Unguiculata  in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising mammals with nails or claws; distinguished from hoofed mammals and cetaceans
        subtype:  #unguiculate_mammal__unguiculatemammal__unguiculate  a mammal having nails or claws
        subtype:  #hyrax__coney__cony__dassie__das__da  any of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toes
           subtype:  #rock_hyrax__rock_rabbit__Procavia_capensis  hyrax that lives in rocky areas
        subtype:  #pachyderm  any of various nonruminant hoofed mammals having very thick skin: elephant; rhinoceros; hippopotamus
        subtype:  #edentate  primitive terrestrial mammal with few if any teeth; of tropical Central and South America
           subtype:  #armadillo  burrowing chiefly nocturnal mammal with body covered with strong horny plates
              subtype:  #peba__nine-banded_armadillo__Texas_armadillo__Dasypus_novemcinctus  having nine hinged bands of bony plates; ranges from Texas to Paraguay
              subtype:  #apar__three-banded_armadillo__Tolypeutes_tricinctus  South American armadillo with three bands of bony plates
              subtype:  #tatouay__cabassous__cabassou__Cabassous_unicinctus  naked-tailed armadillo of tropical South America
              subtype:  #peludo__poyou__Euphractus_sexcinctus  Argentine armadillo with six movable bands and hairy underparts
              subtype:  #giant_armadillo__giantarmadillo__tatou__tatu__Priodontes_giganteus  about three feet long exclusive of tail
              subtype:  #pichiciago__pichiciego__fairy_armadillo__fairyarmadillo__chlamyphore__Chlamyphorus_truncatus  very small Argentine armadillo with pale silky hair and pink plates on head and neck
              subtype:  #greater_pichiciego__greaterpichiciego__Burmeisteria_retusa  of southern South America
           subtype:  #tree_sloth__sloth  any of several slow-moving arboreal mammals of South and Central America; they hang from branches back downward and feed on leaves and fruits
              subtype:  #three-toed_sloth__ai__Bradypus_tridactylus  a sloth that has three long claws on each forefoot
              subtype:  #Choloepus_didactylus__two-toed_sloth__unau  relatively small fast-moving sloth
              subtype:  #two-toed_sloth__unau__Choloepus_hoffmanni  relatively small fast-moving sloth
           subtype:  #megatherian_mammal__megatherianmammal__megatherian__megatheriid  a large extinct ground sloth
              subtype:  #ground_sloth__megathere  gigantic extinct terrestrial sloth-like mammal of the Pliocene and Pleistocene in America
           subtype:  #mylodontid  a variety of extinct edentate
              subtype:  #mapinguari  supposed human-sized sloth-like creature reported sighted by Indians in the Amazon rain forest
           subtype:  #mylodon  large (bear-sized) extinct edentate mammal of the Pleistocene in South America
           subtype:  #New_World_anteater__anteater  any of several tropical American mammals of the family Myrmecophagidae which lack teeth and feed on ants and termites
              subtype:  #ant_bear__antbear__giantanteater__great_anteater__greatanteater__tamanoir__Myrmecophaga_jubata  large shaggy-haired toothless anteater with long tongue and powerful claws; of South America
              subtype:  #silky_anteater__silkyanteater__two-toed_anteater__Cyclopes_didactylus  squirrel-sized South American toothless anteater with long silky golden fur
              subtype:  #tamandua__tamandu__lesser_anteater__Tamandua_tetradactyla  small toothless anteater with prehensile tale and four-clawed forelimbs; of tropical South and Central America
        subtype:  #pangolin__scaly_anteater__scalyanteater__anteater  toothless mammal of southern Africa and Asia having a body covered with horny scales and a long snout for feeding on ants and termites
        subtype:  #primate  any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet
           subtype:  #simian  an ape or monkey
           subtype:  #ape  any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all
              subtype:  #anthropoid_ape  any tailless ape of the families Pongidae and Hylobatidae
                 subtype:  #great_ape__greatape__pongid  any of the large anthropoid apes of the family Pongidae
                    subtype:  #orangutan__orang__orangutang__Pongo_pygmaeus  large long-armed ape of Borneo and Sumatra having arboreal habits
                    subtype:  #Gorilla_gorilla__gorilla  largest anthropoid ape; terrestrial and vegetarian; of forests of central west Africa
                       subtype:  #western_lowland_gorilla__westernlowlandgorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_gorilla  a kind of gorilla
                       subtype:  #eastern_lowland_gorilla__easternlowlandgorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_grauri  a kind of gorilla
                       subtype:  #mountain_gorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_beringei  gorilla of Kivu highlands
                       subtype:  #silverback  an adult male gorilla with gray hairs across the back
                    subtype:  #chimpanzee__chimp__Pan_troglodytes  intelligent somewhat arboreal ape of equatorial African forests
                       subtype:  #western_chimpanzee__westernchimpanzee__Pan_troglodytes_verus  masked or pale-faced chimpanzees of western Africa; distantly related to the eastern and central chimpanzees; possibly a distinct species
                       subtype:  #eastern_chimpanzee__easternchimpanzee__Pan_troglodytes_schweinfurthii  long-haired chimpanzees of east-central Africa; closely related to the central chimpanzees
                       subtype:  #central_chimpanzee__centralchimpanzee__pantroglodytestroglodyte  black-faced chimpanzees of central Africa; closely related to eastern chimpanzees
                       subtype:  #pygmy_chimpanzee__pygmychimpanzee__bonobo__Pan_paniscus  small chimpanzee of swamp forests in Zaire; a threatened species
                 subtype:  #lesser_ape  gibbons and siamangs
                    subtype:  #gibbon__Hylobates_lar  smallest and most perfectly anthropoid arboreal ape having long arms and no tail; of southern Asia and East Indies
                    subtype:  #siamang__Hylobates_syndactylus__Symphalangus_syndactylus  large black gibbon of Sumatra having the 2nd and 3rd toes partially united by a web
           subtype:  #anthropoid  any member of the suborder Anthropoidea including monkeys and apes and hominids
           subtype:  #hominoid  a primate of the superfamily Hominoidea
              subtype:  #proconsul  an anthropoid ape of the genus Proconsul
              subtype:  #Aegyptopithecus  extinct primate of about 38 million years ago; fossils found in Egypt
              subtype:  #Algeripithecus_minutus  tiny (150 to 300 grams) extinct primate of 46 to 50 million years ago; fossils found in Algeria; considered by some authorities the leading candidate for the first anthropoid
           subtype:  #hominid  a primate of the family Hominidae
              subtype:  #human__man__homo__human_being__humanbeing  any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae
                 subtype:  #person__individual__someone__somebody__mortal__human__human_being__humanbeing__soul  a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
                    subtype:  #self  a person considered as a unique individual; "one's own self"
                       subtype:  #number_one  (informal) a reference to yourself or myself etc.; "take care of number one" means to put your own interests first
                    subtype:  #grownup__adult  a fully developed person from maturity onward
                       subtype:  #caregiver  a person who is responsible for attending to the needs of a child or dependent adult
                       subtype:  #catch.grownup__match  a person regarded as a good matrimonial prospect
                       subtype:  #centrist__middle_of_the_roader__moderate__moderationist  a person who takes a position in the political center
                       subtype:  #eccentric__character__type__case  a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities); "a strange character"; "a friendly eccentric"; "the capable type"; "a mental case"
                       subtype:  #conservative__conservativist  a person who has conservative ideas or opinions
                          subtype:  #rugged_individualist__capitalist  an advocate of capitalism
                          subtype:  #conformist  someone who conforms to established standards of conduct (especially in religious matters)
                          subtype:  #hardliner  someone who is uncompromising
                          subtype:  #minimalist.conservative  a conservative who advocates only minor reforms in government or politics
                          subtype:  #reactionary__ultraconservative__extreme_right-winger__extremerightwinger  an extreme conservative; an opponent of progress or liberalism
                             subtype:  #Bourbon  a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)
                             subtype:  #Blimp__Colonel_Blimp  (British) any elderly pompous reactionary ultranationalistic person (after the cartoon character created by Sir David Low)
                          subtype:  #rightist__right-winger__rightwinger  a member of a right wing political party
                             subtype:  #fascist  an adherent of fascism or other right-wing authoritarian views
                                subtype:  #Blackshirt  a member of the Italian fascist party before World War II
                                subtype:  #Nazi  a German member of Adolf Hitler's political party
                                   subtype:  #Brownshirt  a member of the German Nazi SA which wore brown uniforms
                                   subtype:  #storm_trooper__stormtrooper  a member of the Nazi S.A.
                                   instance:  #Karl_Adolf_Eichmann__Eichmann__Adolf_Eichmann  #Paul_Joseph_Goebbels__Goebbels__Joseph_Goebbels  #Hermann_Wilhelm_Goring__Goring__Goering__Hermann_Goring__Hermann_Goering__Hermann_Wilhaelm_Goering  #Walther_Richard_Rudolf_Hess__Hess__Rudolf_Hess  #Heinrich_Himmler__Himmler  #Adolf_Hitler__Hitler__Der_Fuhrer
                             subtype:  #monarchist__royalist  an advocate of the principles of monarchy
                                subtype:  #Cavalier  a royalist supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War
                                subtype:  #Orleanist  a supporter of the Orleans branch of the French Bourbons that was descended from a younger brother of Louis XIV
                             subtype:  #Tory.rightist__tory  a supporter of traditional political and social institutions against the forces of reform; a political conservative
                          subtype:  #square_toes__square  (informal) a formal and conservative person with old-fashioned views
                          subtype:  #traditionalist__diehard  one who adheres to traditional views
                             subtype:  #Rip_van_Winkle.traditionalist__ripvanwinkle  a person oblivious to social changes
                       subtype:  #elder.grownup__senior  a person who is older than you are
                          subtype:  #doyen__dean  a man who is the senior member of a group; "he is the dean of foreign correspondents"
                          subtype:  #doyenne  a woman who is the senior member of a group
                       subtype:  #ex-spouse  a person who was formerly a spouse
                       subtype:  #host  a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there
                          subtype:  #hostess.host  a woman host
                       subtype:  #important_person__importantperson__influential_person__influentialperson__personage  a person whose actions and opinions strongly influence the course of events
                          subtype:  #big_shot__bigshot__big_wheel__bigwheel__head_honcho  (informal) an important influential person
                          subtype:  #famous_person__celebrity  a widely known person; "he was a baseball celebrity"
                             subtype:  #immortal  a person (such as an author) of enduring fame; "Shakespeare is one of the immortals"
                             subtype:  #social_lion__lion  a celebrity who is lionized (much sought after)
                             subtype:  #luminary__leading_light__leadinglight__guiding_light__guidinglight__notable__notability  a celebrity who is an inspiration to others; "he was host to a large gathering of luminaries"
                             subtype:  #personality.famous_person  a person of considerable prominence; "she is a Hollywood personality"
                          subtype:  #colossus__behemoth__giant__heavyweight__titan  a person of exceptional importance and reputation
                          subtype:  #elder_statesman.important_person__elderstatesman  any influential person whose advice is highly respected
                          subtype:  #Excellency  a title used to address dignitaries (such as ambassadors or governors); usually preceded by Your or His or Her: "Your Excellency"
                          subtype:  #fixer__influence_peddler__influencepeddler  someone who intervenes with authorities for a person in trouble (usually using underhand or illegal methods for a fee)
                          subtype:  #heavy_hitter__heavyhitter  an influential person who works hard to promote the causes they are interested in
                          subtype:  #high-muck-a-muck__pooh-bah  an arrogant or conceited person of importance
                          subtype:  #kingpin__top_banana__topbanana__bigwig  the most important person in a group or undertaking
                          subtype:  #magnificio  a person of distinguished rank or appearance
                          subtype:  #public_figure__name__figure  a well-known or notable person; "they studied all the great names in the history of France"; "she is an important figure in modern music"
                          subtype:  #policy_maker  someone who sets the plan pursued by a government or business etc.; "policy makers often make the right decision for the wrong reason"
                          subtype:  #power_broker__powerbroker  a person who is important by virtue of the people or votes they control; "a power broker who does you a favor will expect you to return it"
                          subtype:  #sacred_cow  a person unreasonably held to be immune to criticism
                          subtype:  #sirdar  an important person in India
                          subtype:  #socialite  a socially prominent person
                          subtype:  #sun.important_person  a person considered as a source of warmth or energy or glory etc
                          subtype:  #VIP__very_important_person__high-up__dignitary__panjandrum__high_muckamuck  an important or influential (and often overbearing) person
                          subtype:  #worthy  word is often used humorously
                       subtype:  #Jack_of_all_trades  a person able to do a variety of different jobs acceptably well
                       subtype:  #progressive__liberal  a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties
                          subtype:  #latitudinarian  a person who is broad-minded and tolerant (especially in standards of religious belief and conduct)
                          subtype:  #neoliberal  a liberal who subscribes to neoliberalism
                          subtype:  #pluralist  someone who believes that distinct ethnic or cultural or religious groups can exist together in society
                          subtype:  #Whig  urged social reform in 19th century England
                       subtype:  #liberal  a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets
                       subtype:  #militarist__warmonger  a person who advocates war or warlike policies
                          subtype:  #war_hawk__warhawk__hawk  an advocate of an aggressive policy on foreign relations
                       subtype:  #oldster__old_person__oldperson__senior_citizen  an elderly person
                          subtype:  #antediluvian  a very old (or old fashioned) person
                          subtype:  #centenarian  someone who is at least 100 years old
                          subtype:  #curmudgeon  a crusty irascible cantankerous old person full of stubborn ideas
                          subtype:  #dodderer  one who dodders from old age and weakness
                          subtype:  #dodo__fogy__fogey__fossil  (informal) someone whose style is out of fashion
                          subtype:  #dotard  an oldster in his dotage; someone whose age has impaired his intellect
                          subtype:  #has-been__hasbeen__back-number  someone who is no longer popular
                          subtype:  #nonagenarian  someone whose age is in the nineties
                          subtype:  #octogenarian  someone whose age is in the eighties
                          subtype:  #old_boy__oldboy  a vivacious elderly man
                          subtype:  #greybeard__old_man__graybeard__Methuselah  a man who is very old
                             subtype:  #old_codger__oldcodger__codger  used affectionately to refer to an eccentric but amusing old man
                             subtype:  #patriarch.greybeard  a man who is older and higher in rank than yourself
                             subtype:  #mossback__old-timer__oldtimer__gaffer__old_geezer__oldgeezer__antique  an elderly man
                          subtype:  #old_woman__oldwoman  a woman who is old
                             subtype:  #beldam__beldame  a woman of advanced age
                             subtype:  #granny__matriarch  an old woman
                             subtype:  #hag__beldame__crone  an ugly evil-looking old woman
                             subtype:  #mother.old_woman  a term of address for an elderly woman
                          subtype:  #septuagenarian  someone whose age is in the seventies
                          subtype:  #sexagenarian  someone whose age is in the sixties
                       subtype:  #pacifist__pacificist__disarmer  someone opposed to violence as a means of settling disputes
                          subtype:  #peacenik__dove  someone who prefers negotiations to armed conflict in the conduct of foreign relations
                       subtype:  #patrician  a person of refined upbringing and manners
                       subtype:  #pledger  someone who makes or gives a pledge
                       subtype:  #professional_person__professional  a person engaged in one of the learned professions
                          subtype:  #careerist  a professional who follows a career
                             subtype:  #career_girl  a woman who follows a professional career
                             subtype:  #career_man  a man who follows a professional career
                          subtype:  #craftsman  a professional whose work is consistently of high quality; "as an actor he was a consummate craftsman"
                          subtype:  #critic  a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art
                             subtype:  #art_critic__artcritic  a critic of paintings
                                instance:  #Roger_Eliot_Fry__Fry__Roger_Fry  #John_Ruskin__Ruskin
                             subtype:  #literary_critic  a critic of literature
                                instance:  #Matthew_Arnold__Arnold  #Van_Wyck_Brooks__Brooks  #John_Anthony_Ciardi__Ciardi__John_Ciardi  #Jacques_Derrida__Derrida__derrida  #Herman_Northrop_Frye__Frye__Northrop_Frye  #William_Hazlitt__Hazlitt  #Henry_Louis_Mencken__Mencken__H._L._Mencken  #Ivor_Armstrong_Richards__Richards__I._A._Richards  #Sir_Stephen_Harold_Spender__Spender__Stephen_Spender  #Lionel_Trilling__Trilling  #Carl_Clinton_Van_Doren__Van_Doren__Carl_Van_Doren  #Edmund_Wilson__Wilson
                             subtype:  #newspaper_critic__newspapercritic  a critic who writes a column for the newspapers
                             instance:  #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker  #John_Orley_Allen_Tate__Tate__Allen_Tate
                          subtype:  #educator__pedagogue  someone who educates
                             subtype:  #academic__academician__faculty_member__facultymember  an educator who works at a college or university
                                subtype:  #professor  someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university
                                   subtype:  #assistant_professor__assistantprofessor  a teacher or lower rank than an associate professor
                                   subtype:  #associate_professor__associateprofessor  a teacher lower in rank than a full professor but higher than an assistant professor
                                   subtype:  #full_professor  a professor of the highest rank
                                   subtype:  #Regius_professor  holder of a British professorship created by a royal patron
                                   subtype:  #visiting_professor  a professor visiting another college or university to teach for a limited time
                             subtype:  #lector__lecturer__reader  a public lecturer at certain universities
                             subtype:  #school_principal__principal__head_teacher__head  the educator who has executive authority for a school; "she sent unruly pupils to see the principal"
                                subtype:  #chancellor  (British) the honorary or titular head of a university
                                subtype:  #headmaster__schoolmaster__master  presiding officer of a school
                                   subtype:  #housemaster  teacher in charge of a school boardinghouse
                                subtype:  #headmistress  a woman headmaster
                             subtype:  #schoolmaster  any person (or institution) who acts as an educator
                             subtype:  #instructor__teacher  a person whose occupation is teaching
                                subtype:  #art_teacher__artteacher  someone who teaches art
                                subtype:  #private_instructor__privateinstructor__coach__tutor  a person who gives private instruction (as in singing or acting)
                                   subtype:  #crammer.private_instructor  a teacher who is paid to cram students for examinations
                                subtype:  #demonstrator  a teacher or teacher's assistant who demonstrates the principles that are being taught
                                subtype:  #English_teacher__englishteacher__English_professor  someone who teaches English
                                subtype:  #French_teacher  someone who teaches French
                                subtype:  #governess__governes  a woman entrusted with the care and supervision of a child (especially in a private home)
                                subtype:  #instructress  a woman instructor
                                subtype:  #math_teacher__mathematics_teacher__mathematicsteacher  someone who teaches mathematics
                                   subtype:  #geometry_teacher  someone who teaches geometry
                                subtype:  #missionary  someone who attempts to convert others to a particular doctrine or program
                                   instance:  #David_Livingstone__Livingstone  #Marcus_Whitman__Whitman  #Saint_Francis_Xavier__Xavier
                                subtype:  #music_teacher__musicteacher  someone who teaches music
                                   subtype:  #piano_teacher__pianoteacher  someone who teaches students to play the piano
                                subtype:  #preceptor__don  (British) teacher at a university of college (especially at Cambridge or Oxford)
                                subtype:  #reading_teacher__readingteacher  someone who teaches students to read
                                subtype:  #riding_master  someone who teaches horsemanship
                                subtype:  #schoolteacher__school_teacher  a teacher in a school below the college level
                                   subtype:  #games-master__gamesmaster__games-mistress  the teacher in charge of games at a school
                                   subtype:  #schoolmarm__schoolmistress__mistress  a woman schoolteacher
                                   instance:  #John_Thomas_Scopes__Scopes__John_Scopes
                                subtype:  #science_teacher__scienceteacher  someone who teaches science
                                subtype:  #section_man__sectionman  someone who teaches a section of a large college course
                                subtype:  #catechist  one who instructs catechumens in preparation for baptism
                                subtype:  #teaching_fellow  a graduate student with teaching responsibilities
                             instance:  #Mary_McLeod_Bethune__Bethune  #Louis_Braille__Braille  #Dale_Carnegie__Carnegie  #John_Amos_Comenius__Comenius__Jan_Amos_Komensky  #John_Dewey__Dewey  #Friedrich_Wilhelm_August_Froebel__Froebel__Friedrich_Froebel  #Thomas_Hopkins_Gallaudet__Gallaudet  #Mark_Hopkins__Hopkins  #Robert_Maynard_Hutchins__Hutchins  #Lucy_Craft_Laney__Laney  #Abbott_Lawrence_Lowell__Lowell  #Horace_Mann__Mann  #William_Holmes_McGuffey__McGuffey  #Montessori__Maria_Montesorri  #James_Naismith__Naismith  #Carl_Orff__Orff  #Elizabeth_Palmer_Peabody__Peabody__peabody__elizabethpeabody  #Sir_Isaac_Pitman__Pitman  #Anne_Mansfield_Sullivan__Sullivan__Anne_Sullivan  #Booker_Taliaferro_Washington__Washington__Booker_T._Washington  #Andrew_Dickson_White__White__Andrew_D._White  #Emma_Hart_Willard__Willard  #John_Witherspoon__Witherspoon
                          subtype:  #health_professional__health_care_provider__caregiver  a person who helps in identifying or preventing or treating illness or disability
                             subtype:  #bonesetter  someone (not necessarily a licensed physician) who sets broken bones
                             subtype:  #electrologist  someone skilled in the use of electricity to remove moles or warts or hair roots
                             subtype:  #medical_assistant__medicalassistant  a person trained to assist medical professionals
                             subtype:  #medical_practitioner__medicalpractitioner__medical_man__medicalman  someone who practices medicine
                                subtype:  #dentist__tooth_doctor__toothdoctor__dental_practitioner  a person qualified to practice dentistry
                                   subtype:  #dental_surgeon  a dentist qualified to perform surgical procedures
                                   subtype:  #endodontist  a dentist specializing in diseases of the dental pulp and nerve
                                   subtype:  #exodontist  a dentist specializing in the extraction of teeth
                                   subtype:  #orthodontist  a dentist specializing in the prevention or correction of irregularities of the teeth
                                   subtype:  #pedodontist  a dentist who specializes in the care of children's teeth
                                   subtype:  #periodontist  a dentist specializing in diseases of the gums and other structure surrounding the teeth
                                   subtype:  #prosthodontist  a dentist who is expert in prosthodontics
                                subtype:  #doc__physician__MD__Dr.__medico  a licensed medical practitioner; "I felt so bad I went to see my doctor"
                                   subtype:  #abortionist  a person (who should be a doctor) who terminates pregnancies
                                   subtype:  #allergist  a physician skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of allergies
                                   subtype:  #angiologist  a physician who specializes in angiology
                                   subtype:  #medical_extern__medicalextern__extern  a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there
                                   subtype:  #gastroenterologist  a physician who specializes in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
                                   subtype:  #general_practitioner__generalpractitioner__GP  a physician who is not a specialist but treats all illnesses
                                      subtype:  #country_doctor__countrydoctor  a doctor who practices in the country (rather than in a city) usually remote from a modern hospital; "do country doctors still make house calls?"
                                      subtype:  #family_doctor  a general practitioner who treats all the family members
                                   subtype:  #house_physician__housephysician__resident__resident_physician  a physician (especially an intern) who lives in a hospital and cares for hospitalized patients under the supervision of the medical staff of the hospital
                                   subtype:  #medical_intern__medicalintern__intern__interne__houseman  an advanced student or graduate in medicine gaining supervised practical experience (`houseman' is a British term)
                                   subtype:  #quack  an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice
                                   subtype:  #medical_specialist__medicalspecialist__specialist  practices one branch of medicine
                                      subtype:  #anesthesiologist__anesthetist__anaesthetist  a specialist who administers an anesthetic to a patient before he is treated
                                      subtype:  #baby_doctor__pediatrician__pediatrist__paediatrician  a specialist in the care of babies
                                         instance:  #Harold_Hirschsprung__Hirschsprung  #Benjamin_Spock__Spock
                                      subtype:  #cardiologist__heart_specialist__heartspecialist__heart_surgeon__heartsurgeon  a specialist in cardiology; a specialist in the structure and function and disorders of the heart
                                      subtype:  #chiropodist__foot_doctor__podiatrist  a specialist in care for the feet
                                      subtype:  #dermatologist__skin_doctor  a doctor who specializes in the physiology and pathology of the skin
                                      subtype:  #diagnostician__pathologist  a doctor who specializes in medical diagnosis
                                         subtype:  #etiologist__aetiologist  a specialist in the etiology of diseases
                                         instance:  #Sir_Howard_Walter_Florey__Florey__Howard_Florey  #Karl_Landsteiner__Landsteiner  #Sir_James_Paget__Paget  #Francis_Peyton_Rous__Rous__Peyton_Rous  #Rudolf_Karl_Virchow__Virchow__Rudolf_Virchow
                                      subtype:  #diplomate  medical specialist whose competence has been certified by a diploma granted by an appropriate professional group
                                      subtype:  #ear_doctor__eardoctor__ear_specialist__earspecialist__otologist  a physician who specializes in the ear and its diseases
                                         instance:  #Prosper_Meniere__Meniere
                                      subtype:  #endocrinologist  physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the endocrine system
                                         instance:  #Henry_Hubert_Turner__Turner
                                      subtype:  #ENT_man__ear-nose-and-throat_doctor__otolaryngologist__otorhinolaryngologist__rhinolaryngologist  a specialist in the disorders of the ear or nose or throat
                                      subtype:  #gerontologist__geriatrician  a specialist in gerontology
                                      subtype:  #gynecologist__gynaecologist__woman's_doctor__woman'sdoctor  a specialist in gynecology
                                      subtype:  #hematologist__haematologist  a doctor who specializes in diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
                                      subtype:  #internist  a specialist in internal medicine
                                      subtype:  #neurologist__brain_doctor__braindoctor  a medical specialist in the nervous system and the disorders affecting it
                                         instance:  #Jean_Martin_Charcot__Charcot__charcot  #Harvery_Williams_Cushing__Cushing__Harvey_Cushing  #Sigmund_Freud__Freud  #Baron_Richard_von_Krafft-Ebing__Krafft-Ebing__Richard_von_Krafft-Ebing  #Georges_Gilles_de_la_Tourette__Tourette__Gilles_de_la_Tourette  #Karl_Wernicke__Wernicke
                                      subtype:  #obstetrician__accoucheur  a physician specializing in obstetrics
                                         subtype:  #perinatologist  an obstetrician specializing in perinatology
                                      subtype:  #oncologist  a specialist in oncology
                                      subtype:  #ophthalmologist__eye_doctor__eyedoctor__oculist  a medical doctor specializing in the treatment of diseases of the eye
                                         instance:  #Hermann_Snellen__Snellen
                                      subtype:  #orthopedist__orthopaedist  a specialist in correcting deformities of the skeletal system (especially in children)
                                      subtype:  #orthoptist  a specialist in orthoptics
                                      subtype:  #proctologist  a doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus
                                      subtype:  #psychiatrist__head-shrinker__shrink  a physician who specializes in psychiatry
                                         subtype:  #alienist  a psychiatrist and specialist in the legal aspects of mental illness
                                         subtype:  #psychoanalyst__analyst  a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis
                                            instance:  #Sigmund_Freud__Freud  #Melanie_Klein__Klein
                                         instance:  #Karl_Theodor_Jaspers__Jaspers__Karl_Jaspers  #Charles_Frederick_Menninger__Menninger__Charles_Menninger  #Karl_Augustus_Menninger__Menninger__Karl_Menninger  #William_Claire_Menninger__Menninger__William_Menninger  #Harry_Stack_Sullivan__Sullivan
                                      subtype:  #radiographer  a person who makes radiographs
                                      subtype:  #radiologist  a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease
                                      subtype:  #rheumatologist  a physician specializing in rheumatic diseases
                                      subtype:  #urologist  a specialist in urology
                                   subtype:  #operating_surgeon__operatingsurgeon__surgeon__sawbones  a physician who specializes in surgery
                                      subtype:  #amputator  a surgeon who remove part or all of a limb
                                      subtype:  #cosmetic_surgeon__plastic_surgeon__plasticsurgeon  a surgeon who beautifies the body (especially the face)
                                      subtype:  #neurosurgeon__brain_surgeon__brainsurgeon  someone who does surgery on the nervous system (especially the brain)
                                      instance:  #Alexis_Carrel__Carrel  #Michael_Ellis_De_Bakey__De_Bakey  #William_Crawford_Gorgas__Gorgas  #Joseph_Lister__Lister__Baron_Lister  #James_Parkinson__Parkinson  #Walter_Reed__Reed
                                   subtype:  #veterinarian__veterinary__veterinary_surgeon__vet  a doctor who practices veterinary medicine
                                      subtype:  #horse_doctor__horsedoctor  a veterinarian who treats horses
                                   instance:  #Robert_Barany__Barany  #Sir_David_Bruce__Bruce__David_Bruce  #Burrill_Bernard_Crohn__Crohn  #John_L._H._Down__Down  #Christiaan_Eijkman__Eijkman  #Etienne-Louis_Arthur_Fallot__etiennelouisarthurfallot__Fallot  #William_Gilbert__Gilbert  #William_Harvey__Harvey  #Thomas_Hodgkin__Hodgkin  #Aletta_Jacobs__Jacobs  #Edward_Jenner__Jenner  #Harry_F._Klinefelter__Klinefelter__Harry_Fitch_Kleinfelter  #Clemence_Sophia_Harned_Lozier__Lozier  #Sir_Patrick_Manson__Manson  #Friedrich_Anton_Mesmer__Mesmer__Franz_Anton_Mesmer  #Philippus_Aureolus_Paracelsus__Paracelsus__Theophrastus_Philippus_Aureolus_Bombastus_von_Hohenheim  #Peter_Mark_Roget__Roget  #Sir_Ronald_Ross__Ross  #Benjamin_Rush__Rush  #Albert_Schweitzer__Schweitzer  #Anna_Howard_Shaw__Shaw  #Sir_James_Young_Simpson__Simpson  #Thomas_Sydenham__Sydenham__The_English_Hippocrates  #Erik_Adolf_von_Willebrand__Willebrand__von_Willebrand__E._A._von_Willebrand
                                subtype:  #inoculator__vaccinator  a medical practitioner who inoculates people against diseases
                                subtype:  #medical_officer__medicalofficer__medic  a medical practitioner in the armed forces
                                   subtype:  #flight_surgeon  a medical officer specializing in aviation medicine
                                   subtype:  #surgeon_general  the senior medical officer in an army or navy
                                instance:  #Hippocrates
                             subtype:  #nurse  one skilled in caring for the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician)
                                subtype:  #graduate_nurse__trained_nurse__trainednurse  someone who has completed the course of study (including hospital practice) at a nurses training school
                                subtype:  #licensed_practical_nurse__LPN__practical_nurse__practicalnurse  a nurse who has enough training to be licensed by a state to provide routine care for the sick
                                subtype:  #head_nurse__matron  a woman in charge of nursing in a medical institution
                                subtype:  #midwife__accoucheuse  a woman skilled in aiding the delivery of babies
                                subtype:  #probationer__student_nurse__studentnurse  a nurse in training who is undergoing a trial period
                                subtype:  #registered_nurse__RN  a graduate nurse who has passed examinations for registration
                                   subtype:  #nurse-midwife__nursemidwife  a registered nurse who has received special training as a midwife
                                   subtype:  #nurse_practitioner__nursepractitioner__NP__nurse_clinician__nurseclinician  a registered nurse who has received special training and can perform many of the duties of a physician
                                subtype:  #scrub_nurse__scrubnurse  a nurse who helps a surgeon prepare for surgery
                                subtype:  #visiting_nurse  a nurse who is paid to visit the sick in their homes
                                instance:  #Edith_Louisa_Cavell__Cavell__Edith_Cavell  #Florence_Nightingale__Nightingale__the_Lady_with_the_Lamp  #Margaret_Higgins_Sanger__Sanger__Margaret_Sanger
                             subtype:  #pharmacist__druggist__chemist__pill_pusher__pill_roller  a health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs
                                subtype:  #pharmacologist__pharmaceutical_chemist  someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects)
                                   instance:  #Otto_Loewi__Loewi
                          subtype:  #lawyer__attorney  a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice
                             subtype:  #advocate__counsel__counselor__counsellor__counselor-at-law__pleader  a lawyer who pleads cases in court
                             subtype:  #ambulance_chaser__ambulancechaser  a lawyer who incites accident victims to sue
                             subtype:  #barrister  a British lawyer who speaks in the higher courts of law
                                subtype:  #Counsel_to_the_Crown  a barrister selected to serve as counsel to the British ruler
                                   subtype:  #King's_Counsel  Counsel to the Crown when the British monarch is a king
                                   subtype:  #Queen's_Counsel  Counsel to the Crown when the British monarch is a queen
                                subtype:  #serjeant-at-law__serjeant__sergeant-at-law__sergeant  an English barrister of the highest rank
                             subtype:  #conveyancer  a lawyer who specializes in the business of conveying properties
                             subtype:  #defense_attorney__defenseattorney__defenselawyer  the lawyer representing the defendant
                             subtype:  #divorce_lawyer__divorcelawyer  a lawyer specializing in actions for divorce or annulment
                             subtype:  #prosecutor__prosecuting_officer__prosecutingofficer__prosecuting_attorney__prosecutingattorney  a lawyer who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state
                                subtype:  #district_attorney__DA  an official prosecutor for a judicial district
                                subtype:  #state's_attorney__state'sattorney__state_attorney__stateattorney  a prosecuting attorney for a state
                             subtype:  #public_defender  a lawyer who represents indigent defendants at public expense
                             subtype:  #solicitor  a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents
                                subtype:  #law_agent__lawagent  a solicitor holding a certificate from the Law Society of Scotland
                             subtype:  #trial_attorney__trialattorney__trial_lawyer__triallawyer  a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law
                             instance:  #William_Jennings_Bryan__Bryan__the_Great_Commoner__The_Boy_Orator_of_the_Platte  #Clarence_Seward_Darrow__Darrow__Clarence_Darrow  #Arthur_Garfield_Hays__Hays  #William_Harrison_Hays__Hays__Will_Hays  #John_Edgar_Hoover__Hoover__J._Edgar_Hoover  #Francis_Scott_Key__Key  #President_Lincoln__Lincoln__Abraham_Lincoln
                          subtype:  #librarian__bibliothec  a professional person trained in library science and engaged in library services
                             subtype:  #cataloger__cataloguer  a librarian who classifies publication according to a categorial system
                          subtype:  #practitioner__practician  someone who practices a learned profession
                             subtype:  #clinician  a practitioner (of medicine or psychology) who does clinical work instead of laboratory experiments
                             subtype:  #homeopath__homoeopath  a practitioner of homeopathy
                          subtype:  #publisher  a person engaged in publishing periodicals or books or music
                             instance:  #Karl_Baedeker__Baedeker  #Henry_Oscar_Houghton__Houghton  #Henry_Robinson_Luce__Luce__Henry_Luce  #Keith_Rupert_Murdoch__Murdoch__Rupert_Murdoch  #Adolph_Simon_Ochs__Ochs
                          subtype:  #yuppie  a young upwardly mobile professional person; someone under 40 who prospered during the 1980s
                       subtype:  #sobersides  a serious and sedate individual
                       subtype:  #sophisticate__man_of_the_world  a worldly-wise person
                          subtype:  #city_slicker__city_boy  a city dweller with sophisticated manners
                          subtype:  #cosmopolitan__cosmopolite  a sophisticated person who has travelled in many countries
                             subtype:  #globetrotter__world_traveler__worldtraveler  someone who travels widely and often
                       subtype:  #stay-at-home__homebody  a person who seldom goes anywhere; one not given to wandering or travel
                       subtype:  #stoic__unemotional_person__unemotionalperson  someone who is seemingly indifferent to emotions
                       subtype:  #thoroughbred  a well-bred person
                    subtype:  #adventurer__venturer  a person who enjoys taking risks
                       subtype:  #argonaut  someone engaged in a dangerous but potentially rewarding adventure
                       subtype:  #adventuress  a woman adventurer
                       subtype:  #cowboy  someone who is reckless or irresponsible (especially in driving vehicles)
                       subtype:  #daredevil__madcap__hothead__swashbuckler__lunatic__harum-scarum__harumscarum  a reckless impetuous irresponsible person
                          subtype:  #tearaway  (British) a reckless and impetuous person
                       subtype:  #risk_taker__gambler  someone who risks loss or injury in the hope of gain or excitement
                       subtype:  #hotspur  a rash or impetuous person
                       subtype:  #mercenary__soldieroffortune  a person hired to fight for another country than their own
                       subtype:  #mountaineer__mountain_climber  someone who climbs mountains
                          subtype:  #alpinist  a mountain climber who specializes in difficult climbs
                          instance:  #Sir_Edmund_Percival_Hillary__Hillary__Edmund_Hillary__Sir_Edmund_Hillary  #Tenzing_Norgay
                       subtype:  #parachutist__parachuter  a person who jumps from aircraft using a parachute
                       subtype:  #plunger__speculator  someone who risks losses for the possibility of considerable gains
                          subtype:  #hedger.plunger  someone who counterbalances one transaction (as a bet) against another in order to protect against loss
                          subtype:  #operator.plunger  a speculator who trades aggressively on stock or commodity markets
                          subtype:  #scalper  someone who buys something and resells it at a price far above the initial cost; "he got theater tickets through a scalper"
                             subtype:  #ticket_tout__tout  (British) someone who buys tickets to an event in order to resell them at a profit
                          subtype:  #venture_capitalist__venturecapitalist  a speculator who makes money available for innovative projects (especially in high technology)
                       instance:  #Giovanni_Jacopo_Casanova_de_Seingalt__Casanova__Giovanni_Jacopo_Casanova__Casanova_de_Seingalt
                    subtype:  #unusual_person__unusualperson__anomaly  a person who is unusual
                       subtype:  #anachronism.unusual_person  a person who seems to be displaced in time; who belongs to another age
                       subtype:  #aberrant  one whose behavior departs substantially from the norm of a group
                       subtype:  #albino  a person with albinism: white hair and pink eyes and milky skin
                       subtype:  #automaton__zombi__zombie  someone who acts or responds in a mechanical or apathetic way; "only an automaton wouldn't have noticed"
                       subtype:  #eccentric_person__eccentricperson__oddball  a person with an unusual or odd personality
                          subtype:  #crackpot__crank__nut__nutcase__fruitcake__screwball  a whimsically eccentric person
                       subtype:  #goliath__giant__behemoth__monster__colossus  someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful
                       subtype:  #Jekyll_and_Hyde__jekyllandhyde  someone with two personalities - one good and one evil
                       subtype:  #kook__odd_fellow__oddfellow__odd_fish__oddfish__queer_bird__queerbird__queer_duck__queerduck__odd_man_out__oddmanout  someone regarded as eccentric or crazy and standing out from a group
                       subtype:  #misfit  someone unable to adapt to their circumstances
                          subtype:  #anthropoid.misfit__ape  person who resembles a non-human primate
                          subtype:  #dork__jerk  a dull stupid fatuous person
                          subtype:  #addle-head__addlehead__loon__birdbrain  a person with confused ideas; incapable of serious thought
                       subtype:  #rare_bird__rara_avis  a rare or unique person
                       subtype:  #transsexual.unusual_person  a person who has undergone a sex change operation
                       subtype:  #ugly_duckling  an ugly or unpromising child who grows into a beautiful or worthy person
                    subtype:  #applicant__applier  a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission
                       subtype:  #aspirant__aspirer__wannabe  an ambitious and aspiring young person; "a lofty aspirant"; "two executive hopefuls joined the firm"; "the audience was full of Madonna wannabes"
                       subtype:  #bidder  someone who makes an offer
                       subtype:  #claimant  someone who claims a benefit or right or title; "claimants of unemployment compensation"; "he was a claimant to the throne"
                          subtype:  #Pretender  a claimant to the throne or to the office of ruler (usually without just title)
                       subtype:  #job_candidate__jobcandidate  an applicant who is being considered for a job
                       subtype:  #material.applicant  a person judged suitable for admission or employment; "he was university material"; "she was vice-presidential material"
                       subtype:  #petitioner__suppliant__supplicant  one praying humbly for something: "a suppliant for her favors"
                          subtype:  #besieger.petitioner  an energetic petitioner
                          subtype:  #postulant  one submitting a request or application especially one seeking admission into a religious order
                          subtype:  #solicitor.petitioner  a petitioner who seeks contributions or trade
                       subtype:  #possible.applicant  an applicant who might be suitable
                       subtype:  #probable  an applicant likely to be chosen
                       subtype:  #submitter  someone who submits something (as an application for a job or a manuscript for publication etc.) for the judgment of others; "he was a prolific submitter of proposals"
                    subtype:  #appointee.person__appointment  a person who is appointed to a job or position
                    subtype:  #bad_person__badperson  a person who does harm to others
                       subtype:  #wrongdoer__offender  a person who transgresses moral or civil law
                          subtype:  #abuser__maltreater  someone who abuses
                          subtype:  #attacker__aggressor__assailant__assaulter  someone who attacks
                             subtype:  #ambusher  an attacker who waits in a concealed position to launch a surprise attack
                             subtype:  #avenger__retaliator  someone who takes vengeance
                             subtype:  #beast__wolf__savage__brute__wildcat  a cruelly rapacious person
                             subtype:  #bully__tough__hooligan__ruffian__roughneck__rowdy__yob__yobo__yobbo  a cruel and brutal fellow
                                subtype:  #bullyboy  a swaggering tough; usually one acting as an agent of a political faction
                                subtype:  #muscleman  a bully employed by a gangster
                                subtype:  #skinhead  a young person who belongs to a British or American group that shave their heads and gather at rock concerts or engage in white supremacist demonstrations
                                subtype:  #tough_guy__toughguy__plug-ugly  someone who bullies weaker people
                                   subtype:  #Ted__Teddy_boy  (Brit) a tough youth of 1950's and 1960's wearing Edwardian style clothes
                             subtype:  #harasser__harrier  a persistent attacker; "the harassers were not members of the regular army"
                             subtype:  #marauder__predator__vulture  someone who attacks in search of booty
                             subtype:  #night_rider__nightrider__nightrider  member of a secret mounted band in United States south after the Civil War; committed acts of intimidation and revenge
                             subtype:  #raper__rapist  someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse
                             subtype:  #shedder__spiller  an attacker who sheds or spills blood; "a great hunter and spiller of blood"
                             subtype:  #stabber  someone who stabs another person
                             subtype:  #stoner__lapidator  an attacker who pelts the victim with stones (especially with intent to kill)
                          subtype:  #convict  a person convicted of a criminal offence
                             subtype:  #first_offender__firstoffender  someone convicted for the first time
                          subtype:  #criminal__felon__crook__outlaw__malefactor  someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime
                             subtype:  #accessory__accessary  someone who helps another person commit a crime
                                subtype:  #abettor__abetter  one who helps or encourages or incites another
                                subtype:  #accessory_after_the_fact__accessoryafterthefact  a person who gives assistance or comfort to someone known to be a felon or known to be sought in connection with the commission of a felony
                                subtype:  #accessory_before_the_fact  a person who procures or advises or commands the commission of a felony but who is not present at its perpetration
                                subtype:  #accessory_during_the_fact  a person who witnesses a crime but does not try to prevent it
                                subtype:  #confederate__collaborator__henchman__partner_in_crime  someone who assists in a plot
                             subtype:  #arsonist__incendiary__firebug  a criminal who illegally sets fire to property
                                subtype:  #barnburner  someone who burns down a barn
                             subtype:  #blackmailer__extortioner__extortionist  a criminal who extorts money from someone by threatening to expose embarrassing information about them
                             subtype:  #bootlegger__moonshiner  someone who makes or sells illegal liquor
                             subtype:  #briber__suborner  someone who pays (or otherwise incites) you to commit a wrongful act
                             subtype:  #conspirator__plotter  a member of a conspiracy
                                instance:  #Guy_Fawkes__Fawkes  #Titus_Oates__Oates
                             subtype:  #desperado__desperate_criminal__desperatecriminal  a bold outlaw (especially on the American frontier)
                             subtype:  #fugitive_from_justice__fugitive  someone who is sought by law officers; someone trying to elude justice
                                subtype:  #absconder  someone who runs away and hides to avoid arrest or prosecution
                                subtype:  #escapee  someone who escapes
                             subtype:  #gangster__mobster  a criminal who is a member of gang
                                subtype:  #apache  a Parisian gangster
                                subtype:  #yardie  member of an international gang of Jamaican criminals who sell drugs and violence; "A much publicized raid on a yardie stronghold had first been simulated at Riot City"
                                instance:  #Alphonse_Capone__Capone__Al_Capone__Scarface
                             subtype:  #highbinder  a corrupt politician
                             subtype:  #highjacker__hijacker  someone who uses force to take over a vehicle (especially an airplane) in order to reach an alternative destination
                             subtype:  #hoodlum__hood__goon__punk__thug__tough__toughie__strong-armer  an aggressive and violent young criminal
                             subtype:  #kidnapper__abductor__snatcher  someone who unlawfully seizes and detains a victim (usually for ransom)
                                subtype:  #crimper  someone who tricks or coerces men into service as sailors or soldiers
                                subtype:  #shanghaier__seizer  a kidnapper who drugs men and takes them for compulsory service aboard a ship
                             subtype:  #gangster's_moll__moll__gun_moll__gunmoll  the girl friend of a gangster
                             subtype:  #murderer__liquidator__manslayer  a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)
                                subtype:  #assassin__assassinator__bravo  a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a treacherous surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed; "his assassins were hunted down like animals"; "assassinators of kings and emperors"
                                   instance:  #John_Wilkes_Booth__Booth  #Lee_Harvey_Oswald__Oswald
                                subtype:  #butcher  a brutal indiscriminate murderer
                                subtype:  #cutthroat  someone who murders by cutting the victim's throat
                                subtype:  #fratricide.murderer  a person who murders their brother or sister
                                subtype:  #gunslinger__gunman__hired_gun__hiredgun__gun__triggerman__hit_man__hitman__torpedo__shooter  a professional killer who uses a gun
                                subtype:  #hatchet_man__hatchetman__iceman  a professional killer
                                subtype:  #infanticide.murderer  a person who murders an infant
                                subtype:  #murderess__murderes  a woman murderer
                                subtype:  #parricide.murderer  someone who kills his or her parent
                                   subtype:  #matricide.parricide  a person who murders their mother
                                   subtype:  #patricide.parricide  a person who murders their father
                                subtype:  #ripper  a murderer who slashes the victims with a knife; "Jack the ripper was probably a madman"
                                subtype:  #serial_killer__serial_murderer  someone who murders more than three victims one at a time in a relatively short interval
                                instance:  #Jack_the_Ripper
                             subtype:  #parolee__probationer  someone released on probation or on parole
                             subtype:  #drug_peddler__pusher__peddler__drug_dealer__drug_trafficker  an unlicensed dealer in illegal drugs
                             subtype:  #racketeer  some who commits crimes for profit (especially one who obtains money by fraud or extortion)
                                subtype:  #bagman  a racketeer assigned to collect or distribute payoff money
                             subtype:  #raper__rapist  someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse
                             subtype:  #recidivist__repeater__habitual_criminal  someone who is repeatedly arrested for criminal behavior (especially for the same criminal behavior)
                             subtype:  #scofflaw  one who habitually ignores the law and does not answer court summonses
                             subtype:  #smuggler__runner__contrabandist__mooncurser  someone who imports or exports without paying duties
                                subtype:  #gunrunner__arms-runner  a smuggler of guns
                                subtype:  #rumrunner  someone who illegally smuggles liquor across a border
                             subtype:  #thief__stealer  a criminal who takes property belonging to someone else with the intention of keeping it or selling it
                                subtype:  #bandit__brigand  an armed thief who is (usually) a member of a band
                                subtype:  #shoplifter__booster__lifter  a thief who steals goods that are on display in a store
                                subtype:  #burglar  a thief who enters a building with intent to steal
                                   subtype:  #housebreaker__cat_burglar  a burglar who unlawfully breaks into and enters another person's house
                                subtype:  #dacoit__dakoit  (in India and Burma) a member of an armed gang of robbers
                                subtype:  #embezzler__peculator__defalcator  someone who violates a trust by taking (money) for their own use
                                subtype:  #body_snatcher__graverobber__ghoul  someone who takes bodies from graves and sells them for anatomical dissection
                                subtype:  #graverobber  someone who steals valuables from graves or crypts
                                subtype:  #holdup_man__stickup_man__stickupman  an armed thief
                                   subtype:  #highwayman__highjacker__hijacker__road_agent  a holdup man who stops a vehicle and steals from it
                                      subtype:  #footpad__padder  a highwayman who robs on foot
                                      instance:  #Dick_Turpin__Turpin
                                subtype:  #larcenist__larcener  a person who commits larceny
                                subtype:  #pickpocket__cutpurse__dip  a thief who steals from the pockets or purses of others in public places
                                subtype:  #plagiarist__plagiarizer__literarypirate__pirate  someone who uses another person's words or ideas is they were his own
                                subtype:  #plunderer__pillager__looter__spoiler__raider__freebooter  someone who takes spoils or plunder (as in war)
                                   subtype:  #pirate__buccaneer__sea_robber__searobber__sea_rover__searover  someone who robs at sea or plunders the land from the sea without having a commission from any sovereign nation
                                      subtype:  #Barbary_pirate__corsair  a pirate along the Barbary coast
                                         instance:  #Khayr_ad-Din__Barbarossa
                                      subtype:  #sea_king__seaking  a Viking pirate chief
                                      instance:  #Jean_Laffite__Laffite__Lafitte__Jean_Lafitte  #Sir_Henry_Morgan__Morgan__Henry_Morgan  #Bartholomew_Roberts__Roberts  #Edward_Teach__Teach__Thatch__Edward_Thatch__Blackbeard
                                subtype:  #robber  a thief who steals from someone by threatening violence
                                   subtype:  #bank_robber  a robber of banks
                                   subtype:  #mugger  a robber who takes property by threatening or performing violence on the person who is robbed (usually on the street)
                                subtype:  #rustler__cattle_thief  someone who steals livestock (especially cattle)
                                subtype:  #safebreaker__safecracker__cracksman  a thief who breaks open safes to steal valuable contents
                                subtype:  #snatcher  a thief who grabs and runs; "a purse snatcher"
                                subtype:  #sneak_thief__pilferer__snitcher  a thief who steals without using violence
                                   subtype:  #wharf_rat.sneak_thief__wharfrat  someone who lives near wharves and lives by pilfering from ships or warehouses
                             subtype:  #traitor__treasonist  someone who betrays his country by committing treason
                                subtype:  #collaborator__collaborationist__quisling  someone who collaborates with an enemy occupying force
                                subtype:  #fifth_columnist__fifthcolumnist__saboteur  a member of a clandestine subversive organization who tries to help a potential invader
                                subtype:  #traitress__traitres  female traitor
                                instance:  #Benedict_Arnold__Arnold
                             subtype:  #violator__lawbreaker  someone who violates the law
                             instance:  #William_H._Bonney__Bonney__Billie_the_Kid  #Jesse_James__James  #Robert_MacGregor__MacGregor__Rob_Roy
                          subtype:  #deceiver__cheat__cheater__trickster__beguiler__slicker  someone who leads you to believe something that is not true
                             subtype:  #bluffer  a person who tries to bluff other people
                             subtype:  #swindler__chiseller__chiseler__gouger__scammer__sharpie  a person who swindles you by means of deception or fraud
                                subtype:  #cardsharp__cardsharper  a professional card player who makes a living by cheating at card games
                                subtype:  #clip_artist  a swindler who fleeces the victim
                                subtype:  #confidence_man__con_man__conman__con_artist__conartist  a swindler who exploits the confidence of his victim
                                subtype:  #welcher__welsher  someone who swindles you by not repaying a debt or wager
                             subtype:  #steerer__decoy  a beguiler who leads someone into danger (usually as part of a plot)
                                subtype:  #roper.steerer  a decoy who lures customers into a gambling establishment (especially one with a fixed game)
                                subtype:  #shill  a decoy who acts as an enthusiastic customer in order to stimulate the participation of others
                             subtype:  #dodger__fox__slyboot  a shifty deceptive person
                             subtype:  #double-crosser__double-dealer__two-timer__twotimer__betrayer__traitor  a person who says one thing and does another
                                subtype:  #Judas  someone who betrays under the guise of friendship
                             subtype:  #falsifier  someone who falsifies
                             subtype:  #finagler__wangler  a deceiver who uses crafty misleading methods
                             subtype:  #counterfeiter__forger  someone who makes copies illegally
                                subtype:  #coiner.counterfeiter  (British) a maker of counterfeit coins
                                subtype:  #paperhanger  (informal) someone who passes bad checks or counterfeit paper money
                             subtype:  #fortune_hunter__fortunehunter  a person who seeks wealth through marriage
                             subtype:  #front_man__frontman__front__figurehead__nominal_head__nominalhead__straw_man__strawman  a person used as a cover for some questionable activity
                             subtype:  #hypocrite__dissembler__phony__phoney__pretender  a person who professes beliefs and opinions that they do not hold
                                subtype:  #smoothie__smoothy__sweettalker  someone with an assured and ingratiating manner
                                subtype:  #Tartuffe__Tartufe  a hypocrite who pretends to religious piety (after the protagonist in a play by Moliere)
                                subtype:  #whited_sepulcher__whited_sepulchre  a person who is inwardly evil but outwardly professes to be virtuous
                             subtype:  #impersonator__imitator  someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another
                                subtype:  #mimic__mimicker  someone who mimics (especially an actor or actress)
                             subtype:  #imposter__impostor__pretender__fake__faker__fraud__sham__shammer__pseudo__pseud__role_player  a person who makes deceitful pretenses
                                subtype:  #namedropper  someone who pretends that famous people are his/her friends
                                subtype:  #ringer.imposter  a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
                             subtype:  #liar__prevaricator  a person who has lied or who lies repeatedly
                                subtype:  #perjurer__false_witness__falsewitnes  a person who deliberately gives false testimony
                                subtype:  #storyteller__fibber__fabricator  someone who tells lies
                                instance:  #Ananias
                             subtype:  #misleader  someone who leads astray (often deliberately)
                             subtype:  #mountebank__charlatan  a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes
                                subtype:  #phrenologist__craniologist  someone who claims to read your character from the shape of your skull
                                subtype:  #quack  an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice
                             subtype:  #obscurantist  a person who is deliberately vague
                             subtype:  #sandbagger  someone who deceives you about his true nature or intent in order to take advantage of you
                             subtype:  #two-timer__twotimer  someone who deceives a lover or spouse by carrying on a sexual relationship with somebody else
                             subtype:  #utterer  someone who circulates forged banknotes or counterfeit coins
                          subtype:  #juvenile_delinquent__delinquent  a young offender
                          subtype:  #defector__deserter  a person who abandons their duty (as on a military post)
                             subtype:  #deviationist  an ideological defector from the party line (especially from orthodox communism)
                             subtype:  #draft_dodger__draftdodger__draft_evader__draftevader  someone who is drafted and illegally refuses to serve
                             subtype:  #renegade__turncoat  someone who rebels and becomes and outlaw
                          subtype:  #transgressor  someone who transgresses; someone who violates a law or command; "the way of transgressors is hard"
                          subtype:  #malfeasant  one guilty of malfeasance
                          subtype:  #nonattender__no-show__truant  someone who shirks duty
                          subtype:  #perpetrator__culprit  someone who perpetrates wrongdoing
                          subtype:  #pimp__procurer__panderer__pander__pandar__fancy_man__fancyman__ponce  someone who procures customers for whores (in England they call a pimp a ponce)
                             subtype:  #procuress__procures  a woman pimp
                             subtype:  #whoremaster__whoremonger  a pimp who procures whores
                          subtype:  #backslider__recidivist__reversionist  someone who lapses into previous undesirable patterns of behavior
                          subtype:  #reprobate__miscreant  a person without moral scruples
                             subtype:  #pervert__deviant__deviate__degenerate  a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior
                                subtype:  #fetishist  one who engages in fetishism (especially of a sexual nature)
                                subtype:  #masochist  someone who obtains pleasure from receiving punishment
                                   subtype:  #flagellant.masochist  a person who is whipped or whips himself for sexual gratification
                                subtype:  #molester  someone who subjects others to unwanted or improper sexual activities
                                subtype:  #nymphomaniac__nympho  a woman with abnormal sexual desires
                                subtype:  #pederast__paederast__childmolester  a man who has sex (usually sodomy) with a boy as the passive partner
                                subtype:  #pedophile__paedophile  an adult who is sexually attracted to children
                                subtype:  #sadist  someone who obtains pleasure from inflicting pain or others
                                subtype:  #sadomasochist  someone who enjoys both sadism and masochism
                                subtype:  #satyr__lecher  man with strong sexual desires
                                subtype:  #sodomite__sodomist__sod  someone who engages in anal copulation (especially a male who engages in anal copulation with another male)
                             subtype:  #scapegrace__black_sheep__blacksheep  a reckless and unprincipled reprobate
                             subtype:  #wretch  performs some wicked deed
                          subtype:  #shark.wrongdoer  a person who is ruthless and greedy and dishonest
                          subtype:  #shyster__pettifogger  a person (especially a lawyer or politician) who uses unscrupulous or unethical methods
                          subtype:  #sinner__evildoer  a person who sins (without repenting)
                             subtype:  #magdalen  a reformed prostitute
                             instance:  #St_Mary_Magdalene__Mary_Magdalene__Mary_Magdalen__St_Mary_Magdalen
                          subtype:  #usurper__supplanter  one who wrongfully or illegally seizes and holds the place of another
                             subtype:  #claim_jumper__claimjumper  one who illegally occupies property to which another has a legal claim
                          subtype:  #war_criminal__warcriminal  an offender who violates international law during times of war
                       subtype:  #decadent  a person who has fallen into a decadent state (morally or artistically)
                       subtype:  #destroyer__ruiner__undoer__waster__uprooter  a person who destroys or ruins or lays waste to; "a destroyer of the environment"; "jealousy was his undoer"; "uprooters of gravestones"
                          subtype:  #annihilator  a total destroyer
                          subtype:  #iconoclast__image_breaker__imagebreaker  someone who tries to destroy traditional ideas or institutions
                          subtype:  #saboteur__wrecker  someone who commits sabotage or deliberately causes wrecks
                          subtype:  #vandal  someone who willfully destroys or defaces property
                       subtype:  #libertine__debauchee__rounder  a dissolute person; usually a man who is morally unrestrained
                          subtype:  #adulterer__fornicator  someone who commits adultery
                             subtype:  #adulteress__fornicatress__hussy__jade__loose_woman__slut__strumpet  a woman adulterer
                             subtype:  #wencher  someone who patronizes prostitutes
                          subtype:  #gigolo  a man who has sex with and is supported by a woman
                             subtype:  #lounge_lizard__lizard  a man who idles about in the lounges of hotels and bars in search of women who would support him
                          subtype:  #profligate__rake__rip__blood__roue  a dissolute man in fashionable society
                          subtype:  #ladies'_man__seducer__ladykiller  a man who takes advantage of women
                             subtype:  #undoer  a seducer who ruins a woman; "she awoke in the arms of her cruel undoer"
                          subtype:  #swinger.libertine__tramp  a person who engages freely in promiscuous sex
                          subtype:  #debaucher__violator__ravisher  someone who assaults others sexually
                          subtype:  #womanizer__womaniser__philanderer  a man who likes many women and has short sexual relationships with them
                             subtype:  #Casanova  any man noted for his amorous adventures
                             subtype:  #Don_Juan  a successful womanizer (after the legendary profligate Spanish nobleman)
                             subtype:  #Lothario  a successful womanizer (after a fictional seducer)
                             subtype:  #woman_chaser__womanchaser__wolf__skirt_chaser__skirtchaser__masher  a man who is aggressive in making amorous advances to women
                       subtype:  #panderer  a person who serves or caters to the vulgar passions or plans of others (especially in order to make money)
                       subtype:  #polluter__defiler  a person or organization that causes pollution of the environment
                       subtype:  #scalawag__scallywag  white Southerner supporting Reconstruction policies after the Civil War usually for self-interest
                       subtype:  #seducer  a bad person who entices others into error or wrong-doing
                       subtype:  #shocker.bad_person  a shockingly bad person
                       subtype:  #snake_in_the_grass__snake  a deceitful or treacherous person
                       subtype:  #trampler  someone who injures by trampling
                       subtype:  #varmint__vermin  an irritating or obnoxious person
                       subtype:  #victimizer__victimiser  a person who victimizes others; "I thought we were partners, not victim and victimizer"
                          subtype:  #slaver__slave_dealer__slavedealer__slave_trader__slavetrader  a person engaged in slave trade
                             subtype:  #white_slaver__whiteslaver  a person who forces women to become prostitutes
                    subtype:  #capitalist  a person who invests capital in a business (especially a large business)
                       subtype:  #businessperson__bourgeois__bourgeoi  engages in industrial commercial enterprise
                          subtype:  #accountant__comptroller__controller  someone who maintains and audits business accounts
                             subtype:  #auditor  someone who audits accounts
                             subtype:  #bookkeeper  someone who records the transactions of a business
                             subtype:  #certified_public_accountant__CPA  an accountant certified by the state
                             subtype:  #chartered_accountant__charteredaccountant  a British accountant who is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants
                             subtype:  #cost_accountant  a specialist in the systematic recording and analysis of the costs incident to production
                          subtype:  #account_executive__accountexecutive__account_representative__accountrepresentative__registered_representative__customer's_broker__customer's_man  someone in charge of a client's account for an advertising agency or brokerage or other service business
                          subtype:  #broker__agent__factor  a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission
                             subtype:  #auctioneer  an agent who conducts an auction
                             subtype:  #insurance_broker__insurancebroker__insurance_agent__insuranceagent__general_agent__generalagent  an agent who sells insurance
                             subtype:  #investment_banker__underwriter  a banker who deals chiefly in underwriting new securities
                                subtype:  #killer_bee  an investment banker who devises strategies to make a target company less attractive for takeover
                             subtype:  #realtor__real_estate_broker__real_estate_agent__estate_agent__land_agent__house_agent__houseagent  a person who is authorized to act as an agent for the sale of land; "in England they call a realtor a land agent"
                             subtype:  #ship_broker  an agent for the ship owner; obtains cargo and may arrange for its loading or discharge
                             subtype:  #stockbroker  an agent in the buying and selling of stocks and bonds
                             subtype:  #syndic  one appointed to represent a city or university or corporation in business transactions
                             subtype:  #travel_agent  someone who sells or arranges trips or tours for customers
                          subtype:  #businessman__man_of_affairs  a person engaged in commercial or industrial business (especially an owner or executive)
                             subtype:  #arbitrageur__arbitrager__arb  someone who engages in arbitrage (who purchases securities in one market for immediate resale in another in the hope of profiting from the price differential)
                             subtype:  #baron__big_businessman__bigbusinessman__business_leader__king__magnate__mogul__power__top_executive__topexecutive__tycoon  a very wealthy or powerful businessman: "an oil baron"
                                subtype:  #oil_tycoon__oiltycoon  a powerful person in the oil business
                             subtype:  #businesswoman  a female businessman
                                subtype:  #brothel_keeper__brothelkeeper__madam  a woman who runs a house of prostitution
                             subtype:  #industrialist  someone who manages or has significant financial interest in an industrial enterprise
                                instance:  #Andrew_Carnegie__Carnegie  #Peter_Cooper__Cooper  #Glenn_Hammond_Curtiss__Curtiss__Glenn_Curtiss  #Gottlieb_Daimler__Daimler  #John_Deere__Deere  #George_Eastman__Eastman  #Henry_Ford__Ford  #Edsel_Bryant_Ford__Ford  #Henry_Ford_II__Ford  #Henry_Clay_Frick__Frick  #Gillette__King_Camp_Gilette  #Meyer_Guggenheim__Guggenheim  #Henry_John_Heinz__Heinz  #William_Henry_Hoover__Hoover__William_Hoover  #Howard_Robard_Hughes__Hughes__Howard_Hughes  #Friedrich_Krupp__Krupp  #Edwin_Herbert_Land__Land__Din_Land  #First_Viscount_Nuffield__Nuffield__William_Richard_Morris  #Wilhelm_von_Opel__Opel  #Elisha_Graves_Otis__Otis  #Robert_Owen__Owen  #Sri_Frederick_Handley_Page__Page  #John_Davison_Rockefeller__Rockefeller__John_D._Rockefeller  #Igor_Ivanovich_Sikorsky__Sikorsky__Igor_Sikorsky  #Ernest_Solvay__Solvay
                             subtype:  #oilman.businessman  a person who owns or operates oil wells
                                subtype:  #wildcatter  an oilman who drills exploratory wells in territory not known to be an oil field
                             subtype:  #operator.businessman  someone who owns or operates a business; "who is the operator of this franchise?"
                                subtype:  #supermarketer  an operator of a supermarket
                             subtype:  #proprietor__owner  someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business; "he is the owner of a chain of restaurants"
                                subtype:  #bookseller  the proprietor of a bookstore
                                subtype:  #lessor__lease_giver__leasegiver  someone who grants a lease
                                subtype:  #letter.proprietor  owner who lets another person use something (housing usually) for hire
                                subtype:  #patronne__patron  (Italian) the proprietor of an inn
                                   subtype:  #innkeeper__host  the owner or manager of an inn
                                      subtype:  #hostess  a woman innkeeper
                                      subtype:  #padrone.innkeeper  an owner or proprietor of an inn in Italy
                                      subtype:  #victualer__victualler  an innkeeper (especially British)
                                subtype:  #proprietress  a woman proprietor
                                subtype:  #newspaper_publisher__newspaperpublisher__publisher  the proprietor of a newspaper
                                   subtype:  #press_lord__presslord  a powerful newspaper proprietor
                                   instance:  #1st_Baron_Beaverbrook__Beaverbrook__William_Maxwell_Aitken  #Alfred_Charles_William_Harmsworth__Harmsworth__Viscount_Northcliffe  #Benjamin_Harris__Harris  #William_Randolph_Hearst__Hearst  #Joseph_Pulitzer__Pulitzer  #James_Edmund_Scripps__Scripps  #Edward_Wyllis_Scripps__Scripps
                                subtype:  #renter  an owner who receives payment for the use of their property by another
                                subtype:  #restaurateur__restauranter  the proprietor of a restaurant
                                subtype:  #saloon_keeper  the proprietor of a saloon
                             subtype:  #small_businessman__smallbusinessman  a businessman who runs a business employing less than 100 people
                                subtype:  #concessionaire__concessioner  someone who holds or operates a concession
                             subtype:  #syndicator  a businessman who forms a syndicate
                             subtype:  #transactor  someone who conducts or carries on business or negotiations
                             instance:  #Ezra_Cornell__Cornell  #Edward_Henry_Harriman__Harriman__E._H._Harriman  #James_Jerome_Hill__Hill__J._J._Hill  #Collis_Potter_Huntington__Huntington  #First_Baron_Marks_of_Broughton__Marks__Simon_Marks  #David_Sarnoff__Sarnoff  #Leland_Stanford__Stanford  #George_Stephenson__Stephenson  #Henry_Villard__Villard  #John_Wanamaker__Wanamaker  #Asron_Montgomery_Ward__Ward__Montgomery_Ward  #Frank_Winfield_Woolworth__Woolworth  #Rudolf_Wurlitzer__Wurlitzer
                          subtype:  #entrepreneur__enterpriser  someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it
                             instance:  #William_Henry_Gates__Gates__Bill_Gates  #Sir_Clive_Marles_Sinclair__Sinclair__Clive_Sinclair
                          subtype:  #exporter  a businessperson who transports goods abroad (for sale)
                          subtype:  #importer  someone whose business involves importing goods from outside (especially from a foreign country)
                          subtype:  #merchant__merchandiser  a businessperson engaged in retail trade
                             subtype:  #baker  someone who bakes commercially
                             subtype:  #bookdealer__book_seller  a dealer in books; a merchant who sells books
                             subtype:  #meatman__butcher  a retailer of meat
                                subtype:  #pork_butcher  (British) a vendor of pork and products made from pork
                             subtype:  #clothier__haberdasher  a merchant who sells men's clothing
                             subtype:  #fishmonger__fishwife  someone who sells fish
                             subtype:  #grain_merchant__grainmerchant  a merchant who deals in food grains
                             subtype:  #grocer  a retail merchant who sells foodstuffs (and some household supplies)
                                subtype:  #greengrocer  (British) a grocer who sells fresh fruits and vegetables
                             subtype:  #ironmonger__hardwareman  someone who sells hardware; "in England they call a hardwareman an ironmonger"
                             subtype:  #jeweler__jeweller  someone in the business of selling jewelry
                             subtype:  #milliner  a merchant who designs and sells hats
                             subtype:  #poultryman__poulterer  a dealer in poultry and poultry products
                             subtype:  #retailer__retail_merchant  a merchant who sells goods at retail
                                subtype:  #chandler.retailer  a retail dealer in provisions and supplies
                                   subtype:  #ship's_chandler  a dealer in sails and ropes and other supplies for sailing ships
                                subtype:  #licensee__licencee  someone to who a license is granted
                             subtype:  #rug_merchant__rugmerchant  a merchant who sells rugs
                             subtype:  #salt_merchant__salter  someone who makes or deals in salt
                             subtype:  #schlockmeister__shlockmeister  (slang) a merchant who deals in shoddy or inferior merchandise
                             subtype:  #seller__marketer__vender__vendor__trafficker  someone who promotes or exchanges goods or services for money
                                subtype:  #ticket_agent__booking_clerk  someone who sells tickets (e.g., theater seats or travel accommodations)
                                subtype:  #cosmetician  someone who sells or applies cosmetics
                                subtype:  #flower_girl.seller__flowergirl  a woman who sells flowers in the street
                                subtype:  #fruiterer  (British) a person who sells fruit
                                subtype:  #cheap-jack__cheapjack__huckster  a seller of shoddy goods
                                   subtype:  #costermonger__barrow-man__barrow-boy  a hawker of fruit and vegetables from a barrow
                                subtype:  #pedlar__peddler__packman__hawker__pitchman  someone who travels about selling his wares (as on the streets or at carnivals)
                                   subtype:  #chapman  archaic term for an itinerant peddler
                                   subtype:  #muffin_man  (British) formerly an itinerant peddler of muffins
                                   subtype:  #sandboy  (British) a peddler of sand at a seashore resort; used now only to express great happiness in the expression "happy as a sandboy"
                                subtype:  #selling_agent__sellingagent  someone who sells goods (on commission) for others
                                subtype:  #trafficker__dealer  a seller of illicit goods; "a trafficker in stolen cars"
                                   subtype:  #drug_peddler__pusher__peddler__drug_dealer__drug_trafficker  an unlicensed dealer in illegal drugs
                                subtype:  #underseller  a seller that sells at a lower price than others do; "he went all over town looking for undersellers"
                             subtype:  #shopkeeper__tradesman__storekeeper__market_keeper  a merchant who owns or manages a shop
                                subtype:  #dry_cleaner__drycleaner__cleaner  the operator of dry-cleaning establishment
                                subtype:  #florist  someone who grows and deals in flowers; "the florist made up an attractive bouquet"
                                subtype:  #hosier  a tradesman who sells hosiery (and (in England) knitwear)
                                subtype:  #newsagent__newsdealer__newsvendor__newsstand_operator__newsstandoperator  someone who sells newspapers
                                subtype:  #tobacconist  a retail dealer in tobacco and tobacco-related articles
                             subtype:  #stationer__stationeryseller  a merchant who sells writing materials and office supplies
                             subtype:  #trader__bargainer__dealer__monger  someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold
                                subtype:  #art_dealer__artdealer  a dealer in works of art requiring esthetic evaluation
                                   subtype:  #print_seller__printseller  someone who sells etchings and engravings etc.
                                subtype:  #barterer  a trader who exchanges goods and not money
                                subtype:  #bibliopole__bibliopolist  a dealer in secondhand books (especially rare or curious books)
                                subtype:  #cutler  a dealer in cutlery
                                subtype:  #draper  a dealer in fabrics and sewing materials (and sometimes in clothing and drygoods)
                                   subtype:  #linendraper  (British) a retail dealer in yard goods
                                subtype:  #fence  (informal) a dealer in stolen property
                                subtype:  #horse_trader__horsetrader  a hard bargainer
                                subtype:  #mercer  (British) a dealer in textiles (especially silks)
                                subtype:  #seedsman__seedman  a dealer in seeds
                                subtype:  #slopseller  (British) a dealer in cheap ready-made clothing
                                subtype:  #stamp_dealer__stampdealer  a dealer in stamps (whose customers are stamp collectors)
                                subtype:  #stock_trader__stocktrader  someone who buys and sells stock shares
                                   subtype:  #profit_taker  someone who sells stock shares at a profit
                                   subtype:  #stockjobber  (British) one who deals only with brokers or other jobbers
                             subtype:  #merchant-venturer__venturer  a merchant who undertakes a trading venture (especially a venture that sends goods overseas)
                             subtype:  #vintner__wine_merchant  someone who sells wine
                             instance:  #Charles_Henry_Harrod__Harrod  #Charles_Digby_Harrod__Harrod
                          subtype:  #shipper.businessperson  someone who ships goods
                             subtype:  #consigner__consignor  the person who delivers over or commits merchandise
                          subtype:  #supplier__provider  someone whose business is to supply a particular service or commodity
                             subtype:  #black_marketeer__blackmarketeer  someone who engages illegally in trade in scarce or controlled commodities
                             subtype:  #caterer  someone who provides food and service (as for a party)
                             subtype:  #connection.supplier  a supplier (especially of narcotics)
                             subtype:  #dispenser.supplier  a person who dispenses
                             subtype:  #distributor__distributer  someone who markets merchandise
                                subtype:  #jobber__middleman__wholesaler  someone who buys large quantities of goods and resells to merchants rather than to the ultimate customers
                                   subtype:  #meat_packer__packer  a wholesaler in the meat-packing business
                                      instance:  #Gustavus_Franklin_Swift__Swift
                                subtype:  #ship_chandler  a dealer in equipment and supplies for ships
                                subtype:  #wool_stapler  a dealer in wool
                             subtype:  #purveyor  someone who supplies provisions (especially food)
                             subtype:  #recruiter.supplier  someone who supplies members or employees
                                subtype:  #headhunter  (informal) a recruiter of personnel (especially for corporations)
                                subtype:  #talent_scout__scout  someone employed to discover and recruit talented persons (especially in the worlds of entertainment or sports)
                             subtype:  #stockist  one (as a retailer or distributor) that stocks goods
                             subtype:  #sutler__victualer__victualler__provisioner  a supplier of victuals or supplies to an army
                       subtype:  #financier__moneyman  a person skilled in large scale financial transactions
                          subtype:  #banker  someone who owns or is an executive in a bank
                             subtype:  #cashier__teller__bank_clerk  an employee of a bank who receives and pays out money
                             instance:  #Rothschild
                          subtype:  #city_man  a financier who works in one of the banks in the City of London
                          subtype:  #principal.financier__dealer  the major party to a financial transaction; buys and sells for his own account
                             subtype:  #broker-dealer  a financial specialist who trades for his own account and so acts both as a broker and principal
                          instance:  #James_Buchanan_Brady__Brady__Diamond_Jim_Brady__Diamond_Jim  #Jay_Cooke__Cooke  #Cosimo_de_Medici__Cosimo_the_Elder  #Stephen_Girard__Girard  #Jay_Gould__Gould  #Sir_Thomas_Gresham__Gresham  #William_Averell_Harriman__Harriman__Averell_Harriman  #Hopkins__Johns_Hopkins  #Andrew_William_Mellon__Mellon__Andrew_Mellon__Andrew_W._Mellon  #John_Pierpont_Morgan__Morgan__J._P._Morgan  #Robert_Morris__Morris  #Cecil_John_Rhodes__Rhodes__Cecil_Rhodes__Cecil_J._Rhodes  #Haym_Salomon__Salomon  #Cornelius_Vanderbilt__Vanderbilt__Commodore_VAnderbilt
                       subtype:  #holder.capitalist__bearer  the person who is in possession of a check or note or bond or document of title that is endorsed to him or to whoever holds it; "the bond was marked `payable to bearer'"
                          subtype:  #ticket_holder  holder of a ticket (for admission or for passage)
                          subtype:  #accumulator__collector__gatherer  a person who is employed to collect payments (as for rent or taxes)
                             subtype:  #conductor.accumulator  the person who collects fares on a public conveyance
                                subtype:  #conductress__conductres  a woman conductor
                             subtype:  #gleaner  someone who gathers something in small pieces (e.g. information) slowly and carefully
                             subtype:  #rent_collector  a person who goes from house to house collecting rents for the owner
                             instance:  #Isabella_Stewart_Gardner__Gardner
                          subtype:  #tenant  a holder of buildings or lands by any kind of title (as ownership or lease)
                             subtype:  #cotenant  one of two or more tenants holding title to the same property
                             subtype:  #life_tenant  a tenant whose legal right to retain possession of buildings or lands lasts as long as they (or some other person) lives
                             subtype:  #tenant_farmer  a farmer who works land owned by someone else
                       subtype:  #investor  someone who commits capital in order to gain financial returns
                          subtype:  #contrarian  an investor who deliberately decides to go against the prevailing wisdom of other investors
                          subtype:  #bear.investor  an investor with a pessimistic market outlook
                          subtype:  #bondholder  a holder of bonds issued by a government or corporation
                          subtype:  #bull.investor  an investor with an optimistic market outlook
                          subtype:  #caller.investor  an investor who buys a call option
                          subtype:  #depositor  a person who has deposited money in a bank or similar institution
                             subtype:  #withdrawer  a depositor who withdraws funds previously deposited
                          subtype:  #lender__loaner  someone who lends money or gives credit in business matters
                             subtype:  #creditor  a lender to whom money is owed
                                subtype:  #mortgagee__mortgageholder  the person who accepts a mortgage; "the bank became our mortgagee when it accepted our mortgage on our new home"
                             subtype:  #pawnbroker  a person who lends money at interest in exchange for personal property that is deposited as security
                             subtype:  #usurer__loan_shark__moneylender__shylock  someone who lends money at excessive rates of interest
                          subtype:  #rentier  someone whose income is from property rents or bond interest and other investments
                          subtype:  #stockholder__shareholder__shareowner  someone who holds shares of stock in a corporation
                             subtype:  #stockholder_of_record  the stockholder whose name is registered on the books of the corporation as owning the shares at a particular time
                       subtype:  #materialist  someone with great regard for worldly possessions
                       subtype:  #moneymaker  someone who is successful in accumulating wealth
                          subtype:  #moneygrubber  someone whose main interest in life is moneymaking
                       subtype:  #profiteer  someone who makes excessive profit (especially on goods in short supply)
                       instance:  #John_Jacob_Astor__Astor
                    subtype:  #captor__capturer  a person who captures and holds people or animals
                       subtype:  #kidnapper__abductor__snatcher  someone who unlawfully seizes and detains a victim (usually for ransom)
                       subtype:  #surpriser  a captor who uses surprise to capture the victim
                    subtype:  #changer__modifier  a person who changes something; "an inveterate changer of the menu"
                       subtype:  #adulterator  a changer who lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance
                       subtype:  #normalizer__normaliser  a person who normalizes
                       subtype:  #standardizer__standardiser  a person who sets a standard for things to conform to
                    subtype:  #commoner__common_man__common_person  a person who holds no title
                       subtype:  #bourgeois__bourgeoi__burgher  a member of the middle class
                          subtype:  #petit_bourgeois__petitbourgeoi  a member of the lower middle class
                       subtype:  #nobody__cipher__cypher__nonentity  a person of no influence
                          subtype:  #pip-squeak__pipsqueak__squirt__small_fry__smallfry  someone who is small and insignificant
                          subtype:  #whippersnapper__jackanapes__lightweight  someone who is unimportant but cheeky and presumptuous
                       subtype:  #everyman  the ordinary person
                       subtype:  #Joe_Blow__John_Doe__Joe_Bloggs__man_in_the_street  a hypothetical average man
                       subtype:  #layman__layperson  someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person
                          subtype:  #lay_reader__layreader  a layman authorized to read sermons
                       subtype:  #plebeian__pleb  one of the common people
                          subtype:  #philistine__lowbrow  a person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits
                       subtype:  #proletarian__prole__worker  a member of the working class (not necessarily employed); "workers of the world--unite!"
                       subtype:  #rustic  an unsophisticated country person
                          subtype:  #coon  a an eccentric or undignified rustic; "I'll be a gone coon when the battle starts"
                          subtype:  #countryman.rustic  a man who lives in the country and has country ways
                          subtype:  #countrywoman.rustic  a woman who lives in the country and has country ways
                          subtype:  #hillbilly__bushwhacker  a disparaging term for an unsophisticated person
                          subtype:  #provincial__peasant  a country person
                             subtype:  #cottar__cotter  a peasant farmer in the Scottish highlands
                             subtype:  #muzhik__moujik__mujik__muzjik  a Russian peasant (especially prior to 1917)
                          subtype:  #redneck__cracker  a poor white person in the southern US
                          subtype:  #woodsman__woodman  someone who lives in the woods
                          subtype:  #yokel__rube__hick__yahoo__hayseed__chawbacon  not very intelligent or interested in culture
                    subtype:  #communicator  a person who communicates with others
                       subtype:  #alarmist  a person who alarms others needlessly
                          subtype:  #scaremonger  a person who spreads frightening rumors and stirs up trouble
                       subtype:  #allegorizer__allegoriser  someone who communicates in allegories
                       subtype:  #announcer.communicator  someone who proclaims a message publicly
                          subtype:  #caller.announcer  someone who proclaims or summons in a loud voice; "the callers were mothers summoning their children home for dinner"
                          subtype:  #caller-out__caller  a person who announces the changes of steps during a dance; "you need a fiddler and a caller for country dancing"
                          subtype:  #muezzin__muazzin__mu'adhdhin  the Moslem official of a mosque who summons the faithful to prayer from a minaret five times a day
                          subtype:  #town_crier__crier  (formerly) an official who made public announcements
                       subtype:  #articulator.communicator  someone who pronounces words
                          subtype:  #speaker__talker__utterer__verbalizer__verbaliser  someone who expresses in language; someone who talks (especially someone who delivers a public speech or someone especially garrulous); "the speaker at commencement"; "an utterer of useful maxims"
                             subtype:  #alliterator  a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration
                             subtype:  #caller-up__caller__phoner__telephoner  the person initiating a telephone call; "there were so many callers that he finally disconnected the telephone"
                             subtype:  #chatterer__babbler__prater__chatterbox__spouter  an obnoxious and foolish and loquacious talker
                             subtype:  #conversationalist__schmoozer  someone skilled at conversation
                                subtype:  #deipnosophist  someone skilled at across-the-table chit chat
                                subtype:  #conversational_partner__interlocutor  a person who takes part in a conversation
                             subtype:  #drawler  someone who speaks with a drawl
                             subtype:  #jabberer__driveller  someone whose talk is trivial drivel
                             subtype:  #ejaculator  a speaker who utters a sudden exclamation
                             subtype:  #growler.speaker  a speaker whose voice sounds like a growl
                             subtype:  #inquirer__enquirer__questioner__querier__asker  someone who asks a question
                                subtype:  #cross-examiner__crossexaminer__cross-questioner__crossquestioner  someone who questions a witness carefully (especially about testimony given earlier)
                                subtype:  #quizzer__examiner__tester  someone who administers a test to determine your qualifications
                                subtype:  #inquisitor__interrogator  a questioner who is excessively harsh
                                subtype:  #interviewer  a person who conducts an interview
                                subtype:  #pollster__poll_taker__headcounter  someone who conducts surveys of public opinion; "a pollster conducts public opinion polls"; "a headcounter counts heads"
                             subtype:  #lecturer  someone who lectures professionally
                                instance:  #Helen_Adams_Keller__Keller__Helen_Keller
                             subtype:  #lisper  a speaker who lisps
                             subtype:  #mentioner  a speaker who refers to something briefly or incidentally
                             subtype:  #mutterer__mumbler  a person who speaks indistinctly
                             subtype:  #narrator__storyteller__teller  someone who tells a story
                                subtype:  #anecdotist__raconteur  a person skilled in telling anecdotes
                                   instance:  #Karl_Friedrich_Hieronymus_von_Munchhausen__Munchhausen__Munchausen__Baron_Munchausen
                                subtype:  #fabulist  a person who tells or invents fables
                                   instance:  #Aesop
                                subtype:  #griot  a storyteller in West Africa; perpetuates the oral traditions of a family or village
                             subtype:  #orator__speechmaker__rhetorician__public_speaker__speechifier  a person who delivers a speech or oration
                                subtype:  #eulogist__panegyrist  an orator who delivers eulogies or panegyrics
                                subtype:  #demagogue__demagog__rabble-rouser  an orator who appeals to the passions and prejudices of his audience
                                subtype:  #elocutionist  a public speaker trained in voice production and gesture and delivery
                                subtype:  #haranguer  a public speaker who delivers a loud or forceful or angry speech
                                subtype:  #spellbinder  an orator who can hold his listeners spellbound
                                subtype:  #tub-thumper__tubthumper  a noisy and vigorous or ranting public speaker
                                instance:  #Edmund_Burke__Burke  #Marcus_Tullius_Cicero__Cicero__Tully  #Demosthenes  #Patrick_Henry__Henry  #Isocrates
                             subtype:  #prattler  someone who speaks in a childish way
                             subtype:  #ranter__raver  someone who rants and raves; speaks in a violent or loud manner
                             subtype:  #reciter  someone who recites from memory
                             subtype:  #stammerer__stutterer  someone who speaks with involuntary pauses and repetitions
                             subtype:  #talking_head__talkinghead  a talker on television who talks directly into the cameras and whose upper body is all that is shown on the screen
                             subtype:  #vociferator  a loud and vehement speaker (usually in protest)
                             subtype:  #voicer  a speaker who voices an opinion
                             subtype:  #wailer  a mourner who utters long loud high-pitched cries
                             subtype:  #whisperer  one who speaks in a whisper
                             subtype:  #witnesser__witness__informant  someone who sees an event and reports what happened
                                subtype:  #attester__attestant  someone who affirms or vouches for the correctness or truth or genuineness of something
                                subtype:  #testifier__deponent  a person who testifies or gives a deposition
                          subtype:  #subvocalizer__subvocaliser  someone who articulates speech without uttering sounds
                       subtype:  #asserter__declarer__affirmer__asseverator__avower  someone who claims to speak the truth; "a bold asserter"; "a declarer of his intentions"; "affirmers of traditional doctrine"; "an asseverator of strong convictions"; "an avower of his own great intelligence"
                          subtype:  #postulator  someone who assumes or takes something for granted as the basis of an argument
                       subtype:  #avower  someone who admits or acknowledges openly and boldly
                       subtype:  #broadcaster  someone who broadcasts on radio or television
                          subtype:  #announcer  reads news, commercials on radio or television
                             subtype:  #radio_announcer  an announcer whose voice is broadcast on radio
                             subtype:  #sports_announcer__sportscaster__sports_commentator  an announcer who reads sports news or describes sporting events
                             subtype:  #newscaster  someone who broadcasts the news
                             subtype:  #tv_announcer__television_announcer  an announcer on television
                          subtype:  #broadcast_journalist__broadcastjournalist  a journalist who broadcasts on radio or television
                             instance:  #Edward_Roscoe_Murrow__Murrow__Edward_R._Murrow  #Lowell_Jackson_Thomas__Thomas__Lowell_Thomas
                          subtype:  #disk_jockey__disc_jockey__dj  a person who announces and plays popular recorded music
                          subtype:  #telecaster  a television broadcaster
                       subtype:  #conferee  a member of a conference
                       subtype:  #confessor.communicator  someone who confesses (discloses information damaging to themselves)
                       subtype:  #letter_writer__correspondent  someone who communicates by means of letters
                          subtype:  #pen_pal__penpal__pen-friend__penfriend  a person you come to know by by frequent friendly correspondence
                       subtype:  #extrovert__extravert  (psychology) a person concerned more with practical realities than with inner thoughts and feelings
                       subtype:  #gossiper__gossip__rumormonger__rumourmonger__newsmonger  a person given to gossiping and divulging personal information about others
                          subtype:  #female_gossiper__cat  a spiteful woman gossip; "what a cat she is!"
                          subtype:  #scandalmonger  a person who spreads malicious gossip
                          subtype:  #tattletale__tattler__taleteller__talebearer__telltale__blabbermouth  someone who gossips indiscreetly
                          subtype:  #yenta  a woman gossip
                       subtype:  #hisser  someone who communicates disapproval by hissing
                       subtype:  #informant__source  a person who supplies information
                          subtype:  #informer__betrayer__rat__squealer__blabber  one who reveals confidential information in return for money
                             subtype:  #fink__snitch__snitcher__stoolpigeon__stoolie__sneaker__canary  someone acting as an informer or decoy for the police
                             subtype:  #copper's_nark__nark  (British) an informer or spy working for the police
                             subtype:  #supergrass  (British) a police informer who implicates many people
                          subtype:  #leaker  a surreptitious informant; "the president wanted to know who the leakers were"
                       subtype:  #laudator__lauder__extoller  someone who communicates high praise
                          subtype:  #applauder__clapper  someone who applauds
                       subtype:  #negotiator__negotiant__treater  someone who negotiates (confers with others in order to reach a settlement)
                          subtype:  #mediator__go-between__intermediator__intermediary  a negotiator who acts as a link between parties
                             subtype:  #mediatrix  a woman who is a mediator
                             subtype:  #appeaser__conciliator__make-peace__pacifier__peacemaker__reconciler  someone who tries to bring peace
                             subtype:  #arbitrator__arbiter  someone chosen to judge and decide a disputed issue
                                subtype:  #third_party.arbitrator__thirdparty  someone other than the principals who are involved in a transaction
                             subtype:  #diplomat  a person who deals tactfully with others
                             subtype:  #harmonizer  a mediator who brings one thing into harmonious agreement with another
                             subtype:  #interpreter.mediator__translator  someone who mediates between speakers of different languages
                                subtype:  #dragoman  an interpreter and guide in the Near East
                                subtype:  #symbolizer__symbolist__symboliser  someone skilled in the interpretation of symbols
                                instance:  #Edward_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald  #Benjamin_Jowett__Jowett  #William_Tyndale__Tyndale__Tindale__William_Tindale__Tindal__William_Tindal  #Bishop_Ulfilas__Ulfilas__Ulfila__Bishop_Ulfila__Wulfila__Bishop_Wulfila
                             subtype:  #matchmaker__matcher__marriage_broker  someone who arranges (or tries to arrange) marriages for others
                             subtype:  #moderator  someone who mediates disputes and attempts to avoid violence
                                subtype:  #modifier  a moderator who makes less extreme or uncompromising
                             subtype:  #second_hand  an intermediate person; used in the phrase "at second hand"; "he could learn at second hand from books"
                          subtype:  #bargainer  negotiator of the terms of a transaction; "he is a hard bargainer"
                             subtype:  #haggler  an intense bargainer
                          subtype:  #compromiser  a negotiator willing to compromise; "Henry Clay was known as the Great Compromiser"
                          subtype:  #holdout.negotiator  a negotiator who hopes to gain concessions by refusing to come to terms; "their star pitcher was a holdout for six weeks"
                          subtype:  #negotiatress__negotiatrix  a woman negotiator
                          subtype:  #representative  a person who represents others
                             subtype:  #agent.representative  a representative who acts on behalf of other persons or organizations
                                subtype:  #business_agent  an agent who handles business affairs for another; especially one who deals with employers
                                   subtype:  #actor's_agent__actor'sagent__theatrical_agent  a business agent for an actor
                                subtype:  #literary_agent  an agent who represents an author is dealings with publishers
                                subtype:  #bailee  the agent to whom property involved in a bailment is delivered
                                subtype:  #booker__booking_agent__bookingagent  someone who engages a person or company for performances
                                   subtype:  #showman__promoter__impresario  a sponsor who books and stages public entertainments
                                      subtype:  #exhibitor__exhibitioner__shower  someone who organizes an exhibit for others to see
                                      subtype:  #organ-grinder__organgrinder  a street musician who plays a hand organ or hurdy-gurdy
                                      subtype:  #pornographer__porn_merchant  someone who presents shows or sells writing or pictures that are sexually explicit in violation of the community mores
                                      instance:  #Phineas_Taylor_Barnum__Barnum__P._T._Barnum  #William_Frederick_Cody__Cody__William_F._Cody__Buffalo_Bill__Buffalo_Bill_Cody  #Sergei_Pavlovich_Diaghilev__Diaghilev__Sergei_Diaghilev  #Richard_D'Oyly_Carte__D'Oyly_Carte  #Solomon_Hurok__Hurok__Sol_Hurok  #Charles_Ringling__Ringling
                                subtype:  #surrogate  a person appointed to represent or act on behalf of others
                                   subtype:  #vicegerent  someone appointed by a ruler as an administrative deputy
                                subtype:  #employment_agent  someone who runs an employment agency
                                subtype:  #freight_agent__freightagent  an employee of a freight carrier who directs the receipt and delivery of goods
                                subtype:  #government_agent  a representative or official of a government or administrative department of a government
                                   subtype:  #G-man__FBI_agent__government_man  a special law-enforcement agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
                                   subtype:  #revenuer  a government agent responsible for collecting revenue (especially one responsible for stopping bootlegging)
                                   subtype:  #T-man  a special law-enforcement agent of the United States Treasury
                                subtype:  #handler  an agent who handles something or someone; "the senator's campaign handlers"
                                subtype:  #mill_agent  the responsible official at a mill that is under absentee ownership
                                subtype:  #next_friend  a person who acts on behalf of an infant or disabled person (in law)
                                subtype:  #parliamentary_agent__parliamentaryagent  a person (in Britain) who is employed to look after the affairs of businesses that are affected by legislation of the British Parliament
                                subtype:  #proxy.agent__placeholder__procurator  a person authorized to act for another
                                subtype:  #purchasing_agent  an agent who purchases goods or services for another
                                subtype:  #secret_agent__intelligence_officer__intelligence_agent__operative  a person secretly employed in espionage for a government
                                   subtype:  #agent_provocateur__agentprovocateur  a secret agent who incites suspected persons to commit illegal acts
                                   subtype:  #undercover_agent__spy  a secret agent hired by a state to obtain (military) information about its enemies or by a business to obtain industrial secrets from competitors
                                      subtype:  #counterspy__mole  a spy who works against enemy espionage
                                      subtype:  #double_agent  a spy who works for two mutually antagonistic countries
                                      subtype:  #espionage_agent  someone employed to spy on another country or business competitor
                                      subtype:  #foreign_agent__foreignagent  a spy for a foreign country
                                      subtype:  #infiltrator.undercover_agent  someone who takes up a position surreptitiously for the purpose of espionage
                                      subtype:  #sleeper.undercover_agent  a spy planted in advance for future use but not presently active
                                      instance:  #Mata_Hari__Margarete_Gertrud_Zelle
                                subtype:  #shipping_agent  the agent of a shipowner
                                subtype:  #shopper.agent  a commercial agent who shops at the competitor's store in order to compare their prices and merchandise with those of the store that employs her
                                subtype:  #special_agent__specialagent  someone whose authority is limited to the special undertaking they have been instructed to perform
                                subtype:  #talent_agent  an agent who represents performers
                                subtype:  #universal_agent__universalagent__general_agent__generalagent  someone authorized to transact every kind of business for the principal
                             subtype:  #alderman  a member of a municipal legislative body (as a city council); "aldermen usually represent city wards"
                             subtype:  #assemblyman  someone who is a member of a legislative assembly
                             subtype:  #assemblywoman  a woman assemblyman
                             subtype:  #middleman__contact  a person who is in a position to give you special assistance; "he used his business contacts to get an introduction to the governor"
                             subtype:  #delegate  a person appointed or elected to represent others
                                subtype:  #apostolic_delegate__apostolicdelegate  (Roman Catholic) a representative of the Holy See in a country that has no formal diplomatic relations with it
                             subtype:  #emissary__envoy  someone sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else
                                subtype:  #legate__official_emissary  a member of a legation
                             subtype:  #head_of_state__chief_of_state  the chief public representative of a country who may also be the head of government
                                subtype:  #prime_minister__primeminister__chancellor__premier  the person who is head of state (in several countries)
                                subtype:  #Prime_Minister__PM__premier  the person who holds the position of head of state in England
                                subtype:  #president.head_of_state  the chief executive of a republic
                                   subtype:  #ex-president  a former president
                                   instance:  #Vigdis_Finnbogadottir__Finnbogadottir
                                subtype:  #President_of_the_United_States__President__Chief_Executive  the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government; "the President likes to jog every morning"
                                   instance:  #President_John_Adams__Adams__John_Adams__President_Adams  #President_John_Quincy_Adams__Adams__John_Quincy_Adams__President_Adams  #Chester_Alan_Arthur__Arthur__Chester_A._Arthur__President_Arthur  #President_Buchanan__Buchanan__James_Buchanan  #George_Herbert_Walker_Bush__Bush__George_Bush__President_Bush  #George_Walker_Bush__Bush__George_Bush__George_W._Bush__Dubyuh__President_Bush  #James_Earl_Carter_Jr.__Carter__Jimmy_Carter__James_Earl_Carter__President_Carter  #Stephen_Grover_Cleveland__Cleveland__Grover_Cleveland__President_Cleveland  #William_Jefferson_Clinton__Clinton__Bill_Clinton__President_Clinton  #President_Coolidge__Coolidge__Calvin_Coolidge  #Dwight_David_Eisenhower__Eisenhower__Dwight_Eisenhower__Dwight_D._Eisenhower__Ike__President_Eisenhower  #President_Fillmore__Fillmore__Millard_Fillmore  #Gerald_Rudolph_Ford__Ford__Gerald_Ford__Gerald_R._Ford__President_Ford  #James_Abraham_Garfield__Garfield__James_Garfield__James_A._Garfield__President_Garfield  #Ulysses_Simpson_Grant__Grant__Ulysses_Grant__Ulysses_S._Grant__Hiram_Ulysses_Grant__President_Grant  #Warren_Gamaliel_Harding__Harding__Warren_Harding__President_Harding  #President_William_Henry_Harrison__Harrison__William_Henry_Harrison__President_Harrison  #President_Benjamin_Harrison__presidentbenjaminharrison__Harrison__Benjamin_Harrison__President_Harrison  #Rutherford_Birchard_Hayes__Hayes__Rutherford_B._Hayes__President_Hayes  #Herbert_Clark_Hoover__Hoover__Herbert_Hoover__President_Hoover  #Andrew_Jackson__Jackson__Old_Hickory  #President_Jefferson__Jefferson__Thomas_Jefferson  #President_Andrew_Johnson__Johnson__Andrew_Johnson__President_Johnson  #President_Lyndon_Johnson__Johnson__Lyndon_Johnson__Lyndon_Baines_Johnson__LBJ__President_Johnson  #John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy__Kennedy__Jack_Kennedy__JFK__President_Kennedy  #President_Lincoln__Lincoln__Abraham_Lincoln  #President_Madison__Madison__James_Madison  #President_McKinley__McKinley__William_McKinley  #President_Monroe__Monroe__James_Monroe  #Richard_Milhous_Nixon__Nixon__Richard_Nixon__Richard_M._Nixon__President_Nixon  #President_Pierce__Pierce__Franklin_Pierce  #James_Knox_Polk__Polk__James_Polk__James_K._Polk__President_Polk  #Ronald_Wilson_Reagan__Reagan__Ronald_Reagan__President_Reagam  #President_Theodore_Roosevelt__Roosevelt__Theodore_Roosevelt__President_Roosevelt  #President_Franklin_Roosevelt__Roosevelt__Franklin_Roosevelt__Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt__President_Roosevelt__FDR  #William_Howard_Taft__Taft__President_Taft  #President_Taylor__Taylor__Zachary_Taylor  #President_Truman__Truman__Harry_Truman__Harry_S_Truman  #President_Tyler__Tyler__John_Tyler  #President_Van_Buren__Van_Buren__Martin_Van_Buren  #President_Washington__Washington__George_Washington  #Thomas_Woodrow_Wilson__Wilson__Woodrow_Wilson__President_Wilson
                                subtype:  #sovereign__crowned_head__crownedhead__monarch  a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right
                                   subtype:  #tsar__czar__tzar  a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)
                                      instance:  #Boris_Fyodorovich_Godunov__Godunov__godunov__Boris_Godunov  #Ivan_IV__Ivan_Iv_Vasilievich__Ivan_the_Terrible  #Nicholas_I  #Nicholas_II  #Peter_I__Peter_the_Great
                                   subtype:  #Emperor  the male ruler of an empire
                                      subtype:  #Empress  a woman Emperor or the wife of an Emperor
                                         instance:  #Catherine_I  #Catherine_II__Catherine__Catherine_the_Great
                                      subtype:  #Holy_Roman_Emperor  sovereign of the Holy Roman Empire
                                         instance:  #Charlemagne__Charles_I__Charles_the_Great  #Charles_I__Charles_II__Charles_the_Bald  #Ferdinand_I  #Ferdinand_II  #Ferdinand_III  #Emperor_Francis_II__Francis_II  #Frederick_Barbarossa__Frederick_I__Barbarossa  #Frederick_II  #Otto_I__Otho_I__Otto_the_Great
                                      subtype:  #Kaiser  the Holy Roman Emperors or the Emperors of Austria or Germany until 1918
                                         instance:  #Wilhelm_II__Kaiser_Wilhelm
                                      subtype:  #mikado__tenno  (archaic) the emperor of Japan; when regarded as a religious leader the emperor is called tenno
                                      subtype:  #Roman_Emperor__Emperor_of_Rome  sovereign of the Roman Empire
                                         instance:  #Marcus_Aurelius_Antoninus__Antoninus__Aurelius__Marcus_Aurelius__Marcus_Annius_Verus  #Antonius_Pius  #Augustus__Gaius_Octavianus__Gaius_Julius_Caesar_Octavianus__Octavian  #Caligula__Gaius__Gaius_Caesar  #Tiberius_Claudius_Drusus_Nero_Germanicus__Claudius__Claudius_I  #Constantine_the_Great__Constantine__Constantine_I  #Decius  #Domitian__Titus_Flavius_Domitianus  #Hadrian__Publius_Aelius_Hadrianus__Adrian  #Nero_Claudius_Caesar_Drusus_Germanicus__Nero__Lucius_Domitius_Ahenobarbus  #Marcus_Cocceius_Nerva__Nerva  #Tiberius_Claudius_Nero_Caesar_Augustus__Tiberius  #Titus_Flavius_Vespasianus__Titus  #Trajan__Marcus_Ulpius_Traianus  #Vespasian__Titus_Flavius_Sabinus_Vespasianus
                                      instance:  #Francis_Joseph_I__Francis_Joseph__Franz_Joseph__Franz_Josef_I  #Genghis_Khan__Jinghis_Khan__Jenghiz_Khan  #Haile_Selassie__Ras_Tafari_Makonnen__Ras_Tafari  #Michinomiya_Hirohito__Hirohito  #Justinian_the_Great__Justinian__Justinian_I  #Kublai_Khan__Kubla_Khan__Kublai_Kaan  #Meiji_Tenno__Mutsuhito  #Montezuma_II  #Napoleon_Bonaparte__Napoleon__Napoleon_I__Bonaparte__the_Little_Corporal  #Napoleon_III__Charles_Louis_Napoleon_Bonaparte  #Shah_Jahan
                                   subtype:  #male_monarch__king  a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom
                                      subtype:  #Messiah  the awaited King of the Jews; the promised and expected deliverer of the Jewish people
                                      subtype:  #King_of_England  the sovereign ruler of England
                                         instance:  #Canute_the_Great__Canute__Cnut__Knut  #Charles_Stuart__Charles_I  #Charles_II  #Edgar  #Edward_I  #Edward_II  #Edward_III  #Edward_IV  #Edward_V  #Edward_VI  #Edward_VII__Albert_Edward  #Edward_VIII__Duke_of_Windsor  #Saint_Edward_the_Confessor__Edward_the_Confessor__St_Edward_the_Confessor  #Saint_Edward_the_Martyr__Edward_the_Martyr__St_Edward_the_Martyr  #Edwy__Eadwig  #George_I  #George_II  #George_III  #George_IV  #George_V  #George_VI  #King_Harold_I__Harold_I__Harold_Harefoot__Harefoot  #King_Harold_II__Harold_II  #Henry_I__Henry_Beauclerc  #Henry_II  #Henry_III  #Henry_IV__Bolingbroke__Henry_Bolingbroke  #Henry_V  #Henry_VI  #Henry_VII__Henry_Tudor  #Henry_VIII  #James_I  #James_II  #John_Lackland__John  #Richard_I__Richard_Coeur_de_Lion__Richard_the_Lion-Heart__Richard_the_Lion-Hearted  #Richard_II  #Richard_III  #William_I__William_the_Conqueror  #William_II__William_Rufus  #William_III__William_of_Orange  #William_IV__The_Sailor_King
                                      subtype:  #King_of_France  the sovereign ruler of France
                                         instance:  #Hugh_Capet__Capet  #Charles_I__Charles_II__Charles_the_Bald  #Charles_VII  #Charles_IX  #Henry_II.King_of_France__henryii  #Louis_I__Louis_the_Pious  #Louis_II__Louis_le_Begue__Louis_the_Stammerer  #Louis_III  #Louis_IV__Louis_d'Outremer  #Louis_V__Louis_le_Faineant  #Louis_VI__Louis_the_Far__Louis_the_Wideawake__Louis_the_Bruiser  #Louis_VII  #Louis_VIII  #Louis_IX__Saint_Louis__St_Louis  #Louis_X__Louis_le_Hutin__Louis_the_Quarreller  #Louis_XI  #Louis_XII  #Louis_XIII  #Louis_XIV__Sun_King__Louis_the_Great  #Louis_XV  #Louis_XVI
                                      subtype:  #Rameses__Ramesses__Ramses  any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC
                                         instance:  #Rameses_II__Ramesses_II__Ramses_II__Rameses_the_Great__Ramesses_the_Great__Ramses_the_Great
                                      instance:  #Ahab  #Akhenaton__Akhenaten__Ikhanaton__Amenhotep_IV  #Alaric  #Alfred_the_Great__Alfred__AElfred  #Artaxerxes_I  #Artaxerxes_II  #Ashurbanipal__Assurbanipal__Asurbanipal  #Athelstan  #Attila__Scourge_of_God__Scourge_of_the_Gods  #Robert_the_Bruce__Bruce__Robert_I  #Carl_XVI_Gustav__carlxvigustav  #Clovis_I__Clovis  #Croesus.male_monarch__croesu  #Cyrus_II__Cyrus_the_Elder__Cyrus_the_Great  #Darius_I__Darius_the_Great  #Darius_III  #David  #Edmund_I  #Edmund_II__Edmund_Ironside  #Edward_the_Elder  #Edwin  #Egbert  #Ethelbert  #Ethelred_I__Ethelred  #Ethelred_the_Unready__Ethelred__Ethelred_II  #Fahd_ibn_Abdel_Aziz_al-Saud__Fahd  #Faisal_ibn_Abdel_Aziz_al-Saud__Faisal  #Farouk_I__Faruk_I  #Ferdinand_the_Great__Ferdinand_I  #Ferdinand_V__Ferdinand_the_Catholic  #Frederick_I  #Frederick_the_Great__Frederick_II  #Frederick_William_I  #Frederick_William_II  #Frederick_William_III  #Frederick_William_Iv  #Genseric__Gaiseric  #Gilgamesh  #Gordius  #Gustavus_I__Gustavus  #Gustavus_Adolphus__Gustavus__Gustavus_II  #Gustavus_V  #Hammurabi__Hammurapi  #Herod_the_Great__Herod  #Hezekiah__Ezekias  #ibn_Talal_Hussein__Hussein__Husain__Husayn__King_Hussein  #Jeroboam_I__Jeroboam  #Juan_Carlos_Victor_Maria_de_Borbon_y_Borbon__Juan_Carlos  #Kamehameha_I__Kamehameha_the_Great  #Leonidas  #Macbeth  #Mithridates_the_Great__Mithridates__Mithridates_VI  #Nebuchadnezzar_II__Nebuchadnezzar__Nebuchadrezzar__Nebuchadrezzar_II  #Olaf_II__Olav_II__Saint_Olaf__Saint_Olav__St_Olaf__St_Olav  #Otto_I__Otho_I__Otto_the_Great  #Philip_II  #Philip_II.male_monarch__philipii  #Pyrrhus  #Saul  #Sennacherib  #Solomon  #Tarquin_the_Proud__Tarquin__Tarquinius__Tarquinius_Superbus__Lucius_Tarquinius_Superbus  #Victor_Emanuel_II  #Victor_Emanuel_III  #Xerxes_I__Xerxes_the_Great
                                   subtype:  #shah  title for the former hereditary monarch of Iran
                                      instance:  #Mohammed_Reza_Pahlavi__Pahlavi__Pahlevi__Mohammed_Reza_Pahlevi
                                   subtype:  #Hanoverian  any of the British sovereigns belonging to the House of Hanover
                                      instance:  #George_I  #George_II  #George_III  #George_IV  #Queen_Victoria__Victoria
                             subtype:  #personal_representative__personalrepresentative  a person who manages the affairs of another
                                subtype:  #legal_representative__legalrepresentative  a personal representative with legal standing (as by power of attorney or the executor of a will)
                             subtype:  #resident_commissioner  the representative of Puerto Rico in the United States House of Representatives
                             subtype:  #union_representative__unionrepresentative  a representative for a labor union
                                subtype:  #labor_organizer__labororganizer__organizer  someone who enlists workers to join a union
                                   instance:  #Eugene_Victor_Debs__Debs__Eugene_V._Debs
                                subtype:  #shop_steward__steward  a union member who is elected to represent fellow workers in negotiating with management
                                subtype:  #walking_delegate__walkingdelegate  a union representative who visits workers at their jobs to see whether agreements are observed
                          subtype:  #settler.negotiator  a negotiator who settles disputes
                       subtype:  #persuader__inducer  someone who tries to persuade or induce or lead on
                          subtype:  #lobbyist  someone who tries to persuade legislators to vote for bills that the lobbyists favor
                          subtype:  #wheedler__coaxer  someone who tries to persuade by blandishment and coaxing
                       subtype:  #popularizer__populariser__vulgarizer__vulgariser  someone who makes attractive to the general public
                       subtype:  #presenter  someone who presents a message of some sort (as a petition or an address or a check or a memorial etc.)
                       subtype:  #promisee  a person to whom a promise is made
                       subtype:  #promiser__promisor  a person who makes a promise
                          subtype:  #vower  someone who makes a solemn promise to do something or behave in a certain way; "young vowers of eternal love"; "there are many vowers of chastity but few who observe it"
                       subtype:  #propagandist  a person who disseminates messages calculated to assist some cause or some government
                          subtype:  #sloganeer  someone who coins and uses slogans to promote a cause
                          instance:  #Paul_Joseph_Goebbels__Goebbels__Joseph_Goebbels
                       subtype:  #disseminator__propagator  someone who spreads the news
                       subtype:  #publicist__publicizer  someone who publicizes
                          subtype:  #advertiser__advertizer__adman  someone whose business is advertising
                             subtype:  #huckster  a person who writes radio or tv advertisements
                             subtype:  #promoter__booster__plugger  someone who is an active supporter and advocate
                                subtype:  #barker  someone who stands in front of a show (as at a carnival) and gives a loud colorful sales talk to potential customers
                             subtype:  #tout__touter  someone who advertises for customers in an especially brazen way
                          subtype:  #press_agent__publicity_man__publicityman__public_relations_man__PR_man  someone employed to arrange publicity (for a firm or a public figure)
                          subtype:  #sensationalist__ballyhoo_artist  someone who uses exaggerated or lurid material in order to gain public attention
                       subtype:  #quoter  a communicator (speaker or writer) who uses quotations
                       subtype:  #rambler  a person whose speech or writing is not well organized
                       subtype:  #reporter__newsman__newsperson  a person who investigates and reports or edits news stories
                          subtype:  #newswoman  a female newsperson
                          subtype:  #television_reporter__television_newscaster__TV_reporter__TV_newsman  someone who reports news stories via television
                             subtype:  #anchorman__anchor__anchorperson  a television reporter who coordinates a broadcast to which several correspondents contribute
                       subtype:  #responder__respondent__answerer  someone who responds
                          subtype:  #equivocator__hedger  a respondent who avoids giving a clear direct answer
                          subtype:  #interviewee  a person who is interviewed
                             subtype:  #don't-know__don'tknow  (colloquial) a person who responds "I don't know" in public opinion poll
                          subtype:  #testee__examinee  someone who is tested (as by an intelligence test or an academic examination)
                             subtype:  #passer  a student who passes and examination
                       subtype:  #roarer__bawler__bellower__screamer__screecher__shouter__yeller  someone who communicates vocally in a very loud voice
                          subtype:  #crier  a shouter who advertises the goods they sell
                       subtype:  #sender__transmitter  someone who transmits a message; "return to sender"
                       subtype:  #signaler__signaller  someone who communicates by signals
                          subtype:  #signalman  a railroad employee in charge of signals and point in a railroad yard
                          subtype:  #toller__bell_ringer__bellringer__ringer  a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)
                          subtype:  #whistler  makes a loud high sound
                       subtype:  #signer  someone who can use sign language to communicate
                       subtype:  #swearer  someone who takes a solemn oath
                       subtype:  #sympathizer  commiserates with someone who has had misfortune
                          subtype:  #Job's_comforter  someone whose comfort is actually discouraging
                       subtype:  #mental_telepathist__telepathist__thoughtreader__mind_reader  someone with the power of communicating thoughts directly
                       subtype:  #waffler  someone who speaks or writes in a vague and evasive manner
                       subtype:  #warner  someone who gives a warning to others
                       subtype:  #waver.communicator  someone who communicates by waving
                       subtype:  #wirer  someone who sends a telegram
                       subtype:  #professional_writer__writer__author  writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)
                          subtype:  #abstractor__abstracter  one who makes abstracts or summarizes information
                          subtype:  #alliterator  a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration
                          subtype:  #authoress__authores  a woman author
                          subtype:  #biographer  someone who writes an account of another person's life
                             subtype:  #autobiographer  someone who writes their own biography
                             instance:  #Plutarch  #Giles_Lytton_Strachey__Strachey__Lytton_Strachey
                          subtype:  #coauthor__joint_author__jointauthor  a writer who collaborates with others in writing something
                          subtype:  #commentator  a writer who reports and analyzes events of the day
                          subtype:  #contributor  a writer whose work is published in a newspaper or magazine or as part of a book
                          subtype:  #drafter  a writer of a draft
                          subtype:  #dramatist__playwright  someone who writes plays
                             instance:  #Aeschylus  #Edward_Albee__Albee__Edward_Franklin_Albeen  #Maxwell_Anderson__Anderson  #Jean_Anouilh__Anouilh  #Aristophanes  #Sir_James_Matthew_Barrie__Barrie__James_Barrie__J._M._Barrie__James_Matthew_Barrie  #Samuel_Beckett__Beckett  #Bertolt_Brecht__Brecht  #Pedro_Calderon_de_la_Barca__Calderon__Calderon_de_la_Barca  #Miguel_de_Cervantes_Saavedra__Cervantes__Miguel_de_Cervantes__Cervantes_Saavedra  #Anton_Pavlovich_Chekhov__Chekhov__Chekov__Anton_Chekhov__Anton_Chekov__Anton_Pavlovich_Chekov  #Pierre_Corneille__Corneille  #Sir_Noel_Pierce_Coward__Coward__Noel_Coward  #Russel_Crouse__Crouse  #John_Dryden__Dryden  #Euripides  #Christopher_Fry__Fry  #Frederico_Garcia_Lorca__Garcia_Lorca__Lorca  #Hippolyte_Jean_Giraudoux__Giraudoux__Jean_Giraudoux  #Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe__Goethe  #Carlo_Goldoni__Goldoni  #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker  #Moss_Hart__Hart  #Vaclav_Havel__Havel  #Christian_Friedrich_Hebbel__Hebbel__Friedrich_Hebbel  #Lillian_Hellman__Hellman  #Victor-Marie_Hugo__Hugo__Victor_Hugo  #Henrik_Ibsen__Ibsen  #William_Inge__Inge  #Eugene_Ionesco__Ionesco__ionesco  #Benjamin_Jonson__Jonson__Ben_Jonson  #George_Simon_Kaufman__Kaufman__George_S._Kaufman  #Bernd_Heinrich_Wilhelm_von_Kleist__Kleist__Heinrich_von_Kleist  #Gotthold_Ephraim_Lessing__Lessing  #Howard_Lindsay__Lindsay  #Clare_Booth_Luce__Luce  #Count_Maurice_Maeterlinck__Maeterlinck  #David_Mamet__Mamet  #Christopher_Marlowe__Marlowe  #John_Marstan__Marstan  #Menander  #Thomas_Middleton__Middleton  #Arthur_Miller__Miller  #Moliere__Jean-Baptiste_Poquelin  #Ferenc_Molnar__Molnar  #Sean_O'Casey__O'Casey__o'casey  #Clifford_Odets__Odets  #Eugene_Gladstone_O'Neill__O'Neill__Eugene_O'Neill  #John_James_Osborne__Osborne__John_Osborne  #Titus_Maccius_Plautus__Plautus  #Sir_Terence_Mervyn_Rattigan__Rattigan__Terence_Rattigan  #Elmer_Leopold_Rice__Rice__Elmer_Rice__Elmer_Reizenstein  #Esme_Stuart_Lennox_Robinson__Robinson__Lennox_Robinson  #Augustin_Eugene_Scribe__Scribe  #Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca__Seneca  #William_Shakespeare__Shakespeare__Shakspere__William_Shakspere__the_bard__thebard  #George_Bernard_Shaw__Shaw__G._B._Shaw  #Richard_Brinsley_Sheridan__Sheridan  #Robert_Emmet_Sherwood__Sherwood  #Marvin_Neil_Simon__Simon__Neil_Simon  #Sophocles  #Sir_Tom_Stoppard__Stoppard__Tom_Stoppard__Thomas_Straussler  #Johan_August_Strindberg__Strindberg__August_Strindberg  #Edmund_John_Millington_Synge__Synge__J._M._Synge__John_Millington_Synge  #Terence__Publius_Terentius_Afer  #Tirso_de_Molina__Gabriel_Tellez  #Peter_Alexander_Ustinov__Ustinov__Sir_Peter_Ustinov  #Lope_de_Vega__Vega  #Thornton_Niven_Wilder__Wilder__Thornton_Wilder  #Thomas_Lanier_Williams__Williams__Tennessee_Williams  #William_Wycherley__Wycherley  #William_Butler_Yeats__Yeats__W._B._Yeats
                          subtype:  #encyclopedist__compiler  a person who compiles (or writes for) encyclopedias
                          subtype:  #essayist__litterateur  a writer of literary works
                             instance:  #Charles_Lamb__Lamb__Elia
                          subtype:  #folk_writer  a writer of folktales
                             subtype:  #folk_poet  a folk writer who composes in verse
                          subtype:  #framer  someone who writes a new law or plan; "the framers of the Constitution"
                          subtype:  #gagster__gagman__gagwriter  someone who writes comic material for public performers
                          subtype:  #ghostwriter__ghost  a writer who gives the credit of authorship to someone else
                          subtype:  #Gothic_romancer__gothicromancer  a writer of Gothic romances
                          subtype:  #literary_hack__hack__hack_writer  a mediocre and disdained writer
                          subtype:  #journalist  a writer for newspapers and magazines
                             subtype:  #broadcast_journalist__broadcastjournalist  a journalist who broadcasts on radio or television
                             subtype:  #columnist  a journalist who writes editorials
                                subtype:  #gossip_columnist  a journalist who writes a column of gossip about celebrities
                                subtype:  #newspaper_columnist__newspapercolumnist  a columnist who writes for newspapers
                                subtype:  #newspaper_critic__newspapercritic  a critic who writes a column for the newspapers
                             subtype:  #correspondent__newspaperman__newspaperwoman__newswriter__pressman  a journalist employed to provide news stories for newspapers or broadcast media
                             subtype:  #scribe__scribbler  informal terms for journalists
                             subtype:  #sob_sister__sobsister  a journalist who specializes in sentimental stories
                             subtype:  #sports_writer  a journalist who writes about sports
                             instance:  #Alfred_Alistair_Cooke__Cooke__Alistair_Cooke  #Elizabeth_Merriwether_Gilmer__Gilmer__Dorothy_Dix  #Horace_Greeley__Greeley__greeley  #Edgar_Albert_Guest__Guest__Edgar_Guest  #Walter_Lippmann__Lippmann  #Henry_Louis_Mencken__Mencken__H._L._Mencken  #John_Reed__Reed  #Elizabeth_Cochrane_Seaman__Seaman__Elizabeth_Seaman__Nellie_Bly  #William_Lawrence_Shirer__Shirer  #Sir_Henry_Morton_Stanley__Stanley__Henry_M._Stanley__John_Rowlands  #Joseph_Lincoln_Steffens__Steffens__Lincoln_Steffens  #Isidor_Feinstein_Stone__Stone__I._F._Stone  #Theodore_Harold_White__White__T._H._White  #Alexander_Woollcott__Woollcott
                          subtype:  #librettist  author of words to be set to music in an opera or operetta
                             instance:  #William_Schwenk_Gilbert__Gilbert__William_Gilbert__Sir_William_Gilbert
                          subtype:  #lyricist  a person who writes the words for songs
                             instance:  #Ira_Gershwin__Gershwin  #Oscar_Hammerstein_II__Hammerstein__Oscar_Hammerstein  #Lorenz_Milton_Hart__Hart__Lorenz_Hart  #Alan_Jay_Lerner__Lerner  #Timothy_Miles_Bindon_Rice__Rice__Sir_Tim_Rice
                          subtype:  #novelist  someone who writes novels
                             instance:  #James_Agee__Agee  #Louisa_May_Alcott__Alcott  #Honore_de_Balzac__Balzac__Honore_Balzac  #William_Cuthbert_Faulkner__Faulkner__William_Faulkner__Falkner__William_Falkner  #Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe__Goethe  #Victor-Marie_Hugo__Hugo__Victor_Hugo  #Harry_Sinclair_Lewis__Lewis__Sinclair_Lewis  #George_Meredith__Meredith  #Marcel_Proust__Proust  #Emile_Zola__Zola
                          subtype:  #pamphleteer  a writer of pamphlets (usually taking a partisan stand on public issues)
                             instance:  #Thomas_Paine__Paine__Tom_Paine
                          subtype:  #paragrapher  a writer of paragraphs (as for publication on the editorial page of a newspaper)
                          subtype:  #poet  a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)
                             subtype:  #bard.poet  a lyric poet
                             subtype:  #elegist  the author of a mournful poem lamenting the dead
                             subtype:  #poetess__poetes  a woman poet
                                instance:  #Edna_Saint_Vincent_Millay__Millay__Edna_Millay  #Sappho
                             subtype:  #Poet_Laureate  the poet officially appointed to the Royal Household in Great Britain; "the Poet Laureate is expected to provide poems for great national occasions"
                             subtype:  #sonneteer  a poet who writes sonnets
                             instance:  #Alcaeus  #Guillaume_Apollinaire__Apollinaire__Wilhelm_Apollinaris_de_Kostrowitzki  #Matthew_Arnold__Arnold  #Jean_Arp__Arp__Hans_Arp  #Wystan_Hugh_Auden__Auden__W._H._Auden  #Charles_Pierre_Baudelaire__Baudelaire__Charles_Baudelaire  #William_Blake__Blake  #Giovanni_Boccaccio__Boccaccio  #Bertolt_Brecht__Brecht  #Rupert_Brooke__Brooke  #Elizabeth_Barrett_Browning__Browning  #Robert_Browning__Browning  #Robert_Burns__Burns  #Sixth_Baron_Byron_of_Rochdale__Byron__Lord_Byron__George_Gordon_Byron  #Pedro_Calderon_de_la_Barca__Calderon__Calderon_de_la_Barca  #Giosue_Carducci__Carducci  #Thomas_Carew__Carew  #Gaius_Valerius_Catullus__Catullus  #Geoffrey_Chaucer__Chaucer  #John_Anthony_Ciardi__Ciardi__John_Ciardi  #Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge__Coleridge  #Pierre_Corneille__Corneille  #Harold_Hart_Crane__Crane__Hart_Crane  #Cynewulf__Cynwulf  #Dante_Alighieri__Dante  #Walter_John_de_la_Mare__de_la_Mare__Walter_de_la_Mare  #Emily_Dickinson__Dickinson  #John_Donne__Donne  #John_Dryden__Dryden  #Thomas_Stearns_Eliot__Eliot__T._S._Eliot  #Edward_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald  #Robert_Lee_Frost__Frost__Robert_Frost  #Frederico_Garcia_Lorca__Garcia_Lorca__Lorca  #William_Schwenk_Gilbert__Gilbert__William_Gilbert__Sir_William_Gilbert  #Allen_Ginsberg__Ginsberg  #Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe__Goethe  #Thomas_Gray__Gray  #Robert_Herrick__Herrick  #Hesiod  #Hugo_von_Hoffmannsthal__Hoffmannsthal  #James_Hogg__Hogg  #Homer  #Gerard_Manley_Hopkins__Hopkins  #Horace  #Alfred_Edward_Housman__Housman__A._E._Housman  #Edward_James_Hughes__Hughes__Ted_Hughes  #Victor-Marie_Hugo__Hugo__Victor_Hugo  #Henrik_Ibsen__Ibsen  #Randall_Jarrell__Jarrell  #John_Robinson_Jeffers__Jeffers__Robinson_Jeffers  #Juan_Ramon_Jimenez__Jimenez  #Benjamin_Jonson__Jonson__Ben_Jonson  #Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt__Karlfeldt  #John_Keats__Keats  #Francis_Scott_Key__Key  #Friedrich_Gottlieb_Klopstock__Klopstock  #Nicholas_Vachel_Lindsay__Lindsay__Vachel_Lindsay  #Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow__Longfellow  #Richard_Lovelace__Lovelace  #Amy_Lowell__Lowell  #Robert_Traill_Spence_Lowell_Jr.__Lowell__Robert_Lowell  #Titus_Lucretius_Carus__Lucretius  #Archibald_MacLeish__MacLeish  #Stephane_Mallarme__Mallarme  #Osip_Emilevich_Mandelstam__Mandelstam__Osip_Mandelstam__Mandelshtam  #Giambattista_Marini__Marini__Marino__Giambattista_Marino  #Christopher_Marlowe__Marlowe  #Jose_Julian_Marti__Marti  #Martial  #Andrew_Marvell__Marvell__marvell  #John_Edward_Masefield__Masefield__John_Masefield  #Edgar_Lee_Masters__Masters  #Vladimir_Vladimirovich_Mayakovski__Mayakovski  #George_Meredith__Meredith  #John_Milton__Milton  #Marianne_Craig_Moore__Moore__Marianne_Moore  #Thomas_Moore__Moore  #William_Morris__Morris  #Louis_Charles_Alfred_de_Musset__Musset__Alfred_de_Musset  #Alfred_Noyes__Noyes  #Omar_Khayyam  #Ovid__Publius_Ovidius_Naso  #Francis_Turner_Palgrave__Palgrave  #Petrarch__Petrarca__Francesco_Petrarca  #Pindar  #Ezra_Loomis_Pound__Pound__Ezra_Pound  #Aleksandr_Sergeyevich_Pushkin__Pushkin__Alexander_Pushkin  #James_Whitcomb_Riley__Riley  #Rainer_Maria_Rilke__Rilke  #Jean_Nicholas_Arthur_Rimbaud__Rimbaud__Arthur_Rimbaud  #Edwin_Arlington_Robinson__Robinson  #Alan_Seeger__Seeger  #Anne_Sexton__Sexton  #William_Shakespeare__Shakespeare__Shakspere__William_Shakspere__the_bard__thebard  #Percy_Bysshe_Shelley__Shelley  #Taras_Grigoryevich_Shevchenko__Shevchenko  #Sir_Philip_Sidney__Sidney  #Dame_Edith_Louisa_Sitwell__Sitwell__Dame_Edith_Sitwell  #Robert_Southey__Southey  #Sir_Stephen_Harold_Spender__Spender__Stephen_Spender  #Edmund_Spenser__Spenser  #Wallace_Stevens__Stevens  #Sir_John_Suckling__Suckling  #Algernon_Charles_Swinburne__Swinburne  #Arthur_Symons__Symons  #Torquato_Tasso__Tasso  #John_Orley_Allen_Tate__Tate__Allen_Tate  #Sara_Teasdale__Teasdale  #First_Baron_Tennyson__Tennyson__Alfred_Tennyson__Alfred_Lord_Tennyson  #Thespis  #Dylan_Marlais_Thomas__Thomas__Dylan_Thomas  #John_Trumbull__Trumbull  #Tristan_Tzara__Tzara__Samuel_Rosenstock  #Johann_Ludwig_Uhland__Uhland  #Paul_Verlaine__Verlaine  #Francois_Villon__Villon  #Virgil__Vergil__Publius_Vergilius_Maro  #Andrei_Voznesenski__Voznesenski  #Robert_Penn_Warren__Warren  #Isaac_Watts__Watts  #Phillis_Wheatley__Wheatley  #Walt_Whitman__Whitman  #John_Greenleaf_Whittier__Whittier  #William_Carlos_Williams__Williams  #William_Wordsworth__Wordsworth  #Sir_Thomas_Wyatt__Wyatt__Wyat__Sir_Thomas_Wyat  #Elinor_Morton_Hoyt_Wylie__Wylie  #William_Butler_Yeats__Yeats__W._B._Yeats  #Yevgeni_Aleksandrovich_Yevtushenko__Yevtushenko__Yevgeni_Yevtushenko  #Edward_Young__Young
                          subtype:  #rhymer__rhymester__versifier__poetizer  a writer who composes rhymes; a maker of poor verses (usually used as terms of contempt for minor or inferior poets)
                          subtype:  #scenarist  a writer of screenplays
                          subtype:  #scriptwriter  someone who writes scripts for plays or movies or broadcast dramas
                             subtype:  #screenwriter__film_writer  someone who writes screenplays
                                instance:  #George_Lucas__Lucas  #Dalton_Trumbo__Trumbo
                          subtype:  #space_writer__spacewriter  a writer paid by the area of the copy
                          subtype:  #speechwriter  a writer who composes speeches for others to deliver
                          subtype:  #tragedian  a writer (especially a playwright) who writes tragedies
                             instance:  #Jean_Baptiste_Racine__Racine__Jean_Racine
                          subtype:  #wordmonger  a writer who uses language carelessly or pretentiously with little regard for meaning
                          subtype:  #word-painter  a writer of vivid or graphic descriptive power
                          subtype:  #wordsmith  a fluent and prolific writer
                          instance:  #Horatio_Alger__Alger  #Hans_Christian_Andersen__Andersen  #Sherwood_Anderson__Anderson  #Louis_Aragon__Aragon  #Sholem_Asch__Asch__Shalom_Asch__Sholom_Asch  #Jane_Austen__Austen  #Imamu_Amiri_Baraka__Baraka__LeRoi_Jones  #Samuel_Beckett__Beckett  #Sir_Henry_Maxmilian_Beerbohm__Beerbohm__Max_Beerbohm  #Ambrose_Gwinett_Bierce__Bierce__Ambrose_Bierce  #Jorge_Luis_Borges__Borges__Jorge_Borges  #James_Boswell__Boswell  #Ray_Douglas_Bradbury__Bradbury__Ray_Bradbury  #Charlotte_Bronte__Bronte  #Emily_Jane_Bronte__Bronte__Emily_Bronte__Currer_Bell  #Anne_Bronte__Bronte  #Charles_Farrar_Browne__Browne__Artemus_Ward  #Pearl_Sydenstricker_Buck__Buck__Pearl_Buck  #John_Bunyan__Bunyan  #Frances_Eliza_Hodgson_Burnett__Burnett__burnett__franceshodgsonburnett  #Edgar_Rice_Burroughs__Burroughs  #William_Burroughs__Burroughs__William_Seward_Burroughs  #James_Branch_Cabell__Cabell  #Erskine_Preston_Caldwell__Caldwell__Erskine_Caldwell  #Albert_Camus__Camus  #Lewis_Carroll__Carroll__Dodgson__Reverend_Dodgson__Charles_Dodgson__Charles_Lutwidge_Dodgson  #Willa_Sibert_Cather__Cather__Willa_Cather  #Miguel_de_Cervantes_Saavedra__Cervantes__Miguel_de_Cervantes__Cervantes_Saavedra  #Raymond_Thornton_Chandler__Chandler__Raymond_Chandler  #Francois_Rene_Chateaubriand__Chateaubriand__Vicomte_de_Chateaubriand  #Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton__Chesterton__G._K._Chesterton  #Dame_Agatha_Mary_Clarissa_Christie__Christie__Agatha_Christie  #Sir_Winston_Leonard_Spenser_Churchill__Churchill__Winston_Churchill__Winston_S._Churchill  #Samuel_Langhorne_Clemens__Clemens__Mark_Twain  #Jean_Cocteau__Cocteau  #Sidonie_Gabrielle_Claudine_Colette__Colette  #William_Wilkie_Collins__Collins__Wilkie_Collins  #Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle__Conan_Doyle__A._Conan_Doyle__Arthur_Conan_Doyle  #Joseph_Conrad__Conrad__Teodor_Josef_Konrad_Korzeniowski  #James_Fenimore_Cooper__Cooper  #Stephen_Crane__Crane  #Edward_Estlin_Cummings__Cummings__e._e._cummings  #Clarence_Shepard_Day_Jr.__Day__Clarence_Day  #Daniel_Defoe__Defoe  #Thomas_De_Quincey__De_Quincey  #Charles_John_Huffam_Dickens__Dickens__Charles_Dickens  #John_Dos_Passos__Dos_Passos  #Feodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoyevsky__Dostoyevsky__Dostoevski__Dostoevsky__Feodor_Dostoyevsky__Fyodor_Dostoyevsky__Feodor_Dostoevski__Fyodor_Dostoevski__Feodor_Dostoevsky__Fyodor_Dostoevsky__Fyodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoyevsky__Feodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevski__Fyodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevski__Feodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevsky__Fyodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevsky  #Theodore_Herman_Albert_Dreiser__Dreiser__Theodore_Dreiser  #Alexandre_Dumas__Dumas  #Dame_Daphne_du_Maurier__du_Maurier  #Lawrence_George_Durrell__Durrell__Lawrence_Durrell  #Ilya_Grigorievich_Ehrenberg__Ehrenberg__Ilya_Ehrenberg  #George_Eliot__Eliot__Mary_Ann_Evans  #Ralph_Waldo_Emerson__Emerson  #James_Thomas_Farrell__Farrell  #Edna_Ferber__Ferber  #Henry_Fielding__Fielding  #Francis_Scott_Key_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald__F._Scott_Fitzgerald  #Gustave_Flaubert__Flaubert  #Ian_Lancaster_Fleming__Fleming__Ian_Fleming  #Ford_Hermann_Hueffer__Ford__Ford_Madox_Ford  #Cecil_Scott_Forester__Forester__C._S._Forester  #Anatole_France__France__Jacques_Anatole_Francois_Thibault  #Benjamin_Franklin__Franklin  #Carlos_Fuentes__Fuentes  #Emile_Gaboriau__Gaboriau  #John_Galsworthy__Galsworthy  #Erle_Stanley_Gardner__Gardner  #Elizabeth_Cleghorn_Stevenson_Gaskell__Gaskell__Elizabeth_Gaskell  #Theodor_Seuss_Geisel__Geisel__Dr._Seuss  #Jean_Genet__Genet  #Kahlil_Gibran__Gibran  #Karl_Gjellerup__Gjellerup  #Nikolai_Vasilievich_Gogol__Gogol  #Sir_William_Gerald_Golding__Golding__William_Golding  #Oliver_Goldsmith__Goldsmith  #Edmond_Louis_Antoine_Huot_de_Goncourt__Goncourt__Edmond_de_Goncourt  #Jules_Alfred_Huot_de_Goncourt__Goncourt__Jules_de_Goncourt  #Nadine_Gordimer__Gordimer  #Maksim_Gorky__Gorky__Gorki__Maxim_Gorki__Aleksey_Maksimovich_Peshkov__Aleksey_Maximovich_Peshkov  #Kenneth_Grahame__Grahame  #Gunter_Wilhelm_Grass__Grass__Gunter_Grass  #Robert_Ranke_Graves__Graves__Robert_Graves  #Henry_Graham_Greene__Greene__Graham_Greene  #Zane_Grey__Grey  #Jakob_Ludwig_Karl_Grimm__Grimm  #Wilhelm_Karl_Grimm__Grimm  #Hagard__Rider_Haggard__Sir_Henry_Rider_Haggard  #Elizabeth_Sanderson_Haldane__elizabethsandersonhaldane__Haldane__Elizabeth_Haldane  #Edward_Everett_Hale__Hale  #Alex_Haley__Haley  #Marguerite_Radclyffe_Hall__Hall__Radclyffe_Hall  #Samuel_Dashiell_Hammett__Hammett__Dashiell_Hammett  #Knut_Hamsun__Hamsun__Knut_Pedersen  #Thomas_Hardy__Hardy  #James_Thomas_Harris__Harris__Frank_Harris  #Bret_Harte__Harte  #Nathaniel_Hawthorne__Hawthorne  #Ben_Hecht__Hecht  #Robert_Anson_Heinlein__Heinlein  #Joseph_Heller__Heller  #Ernest_Hemingway__Hemingway  #Hermann_Hesse__Hesse  #Paul_Johann_Ludwig_von_Heyse__Heyse__Paul_Heyse  #DuBois_Heyward__Heyward__Edwin_DuBois_Hayward  #Thomas_Wentworth_Storrow_Higginson__Higginson__Thomas_Higginson  #Ernst_Theodor_Amadeus_Hoffmann__Hoffmann__E._T._A._Hoffmann__Ernst_Theodor_Wilhelm_Hoffmann  #Oliver_Wendell_Holmes__Holmes  #William_Dean_Howells__Howells  #Edmond_Hoyle__Hoyle  #James_Langston_Hughes__Hughes__Langston_Hughes  #James_Henry_Leigh_Hunt__Hunt__Leigh_Hunt  #Aldous_Leonard_Huxley__Huxley__Aldous_Huxley  #John_Irving__Irving  #Washington_Irving__Irving  #Christopher_William_Bradshaw_Isherwood__Isherwood__Christopher_Isherwood  #Helen_Maria_Fiske_Hunt_Jackson__Jackson__Helen_Hunt_Jackson  #Jane_Jacobs__Jacobs  #William_Wymark_Jacobs__Jacobs__W._W._Jacobs  #Henry_James__James  #Johannes_Vilhelm_Jensen__Jensen  #Samuel_Johnson__Johnson__Dr._Johnson  #James_Augustine_Aloysius_Joyce__Joyce__James_Joyce  #Franz_Kafka__Kafka  #Helen_Adams_Keller__Keller__Helen_Keller  #Jean-Louis_Lebris_de_Kerouac__Kerouac__Jack_Kerouac  #Ken_Elton_Kesey__Kesey__Ken_Kesey  #Joseph_Rudyard_Kipling__Kipling__Rudyard_Kipling  #Arthur_Koestler__Koestler  #Jean_de_La_Fontaine__La_Fontaine  #Ringgold_Wilmer_Lardner__Lardner__Ring_Lardner  #Francois_de_La_Rochefoucauld__La_Rochefoucauld  #David_Herbert_Lawrence__Lawrence__D._H._Lawrence  #Thomas_Edward_Lawrence__Lawrence__T._E._Lawrence__Lawrence_of_Arabia  #John_le_Carre__le_Carre__David_John_Moore_Cornwell  #Elmore_John_Leonard__Leonard__Elmore_Leonard__Dutch_Leonard  #Mikhail_Yurievich_Lermontov__Lermontov  #Clive_Staples_Lewis__Lewis__C._S._Lewis  #Jack_London__London__John_Griffith_Chaney  #Clarence_Malcolm_Lowry__Lowry__Malcolm_Lowry  #John_Lyly__Lyly  #Edward_George_Earle_Bulwer-Lytton__Lytton__First_Baron_Lytton__Bulwer-Lytton  #Norman_Mailer__Mailer  #Bernard_Malamud__Malamud  #Sir_Thomas_Malory__Malory__Thomas_Malory  #Andre_Malraux__Malraux  #Thomas_Mann__Mann  #Kathleen_Mansfield_Beauchamp__Mansfield__Katherine_Mansfield  #John_Philip_Marquand__Marquand__John_Marquand  #Ngaio_Marsh__Marsh  #Alfred_Edward_Woodley_Mason__Mason__A._E._W._Mason  #William_Somerset_Maugham__Maugham__Somerset_Maugham__W._Somerset_Maugham  #Henri_Rene_Albert_Guy_de_Maupassant__Maupassant__Guy_de_Maupassant  #Andre_Maurois__Maurois__Emile_Herzog  #Carson_Smith_McCullers__McCullers__Carson_McCullers  #Herbert_Marshall_McLuhan__McLuhan__Marshall_McLuhan  #Herman_Melville__Melville  #Thomas_Merton__Merton  #Henry_Valentine_Miller__Miller__Henry_Miller  #Alan_Alexander_Milne__Milne__A._A._Milne  #Margaret_Munnerlyn_Mitchell__Mitchell__Margaret_Mitchell  #Nancy_Freeman_Mitford__Mitford__Nancy_Mitford  #Jessica_Lucy_Mitford__Mitford__Jessica_Mitford  #Michel_Eyquem_Montaigne__Montaigne__Michel_Montaigne  #Lucy_Maud_Montgomery__Montgomery__L._M._Montgomery  #Sir_Thomas_More__More__Thomas_More  #Toni_Morrison__Morrison  #Hector_Hugh_Munro__Munro__H._H._Munro__Saki  #Dame_Jean_Iris_Murdoch__Murdoch__Iris_Murdoch  #Louis_Charles_Alfred_de_Musset__Musset__Alfred_de_Musset  #Vladimir_vladimirovich_Nabokov__Nabokov__Vladimir_Nabokov  #Ogden_Nash__Nash  #Sir_Harold_George_Nicolson__Nicolson__Harold_Nicolson  #Benjamin_Franklin_Norris_Jr.__Norris__Frank_Norris  #Joyce_Carol_Oates__Oates  #Edna_O'Brien__O'Brien__o'brien  #Mary_Flannery_O'Connor__O'Connor__Flannery_O'Connor  #Liam_O'Flaherty__O'Flaherty  #John_Henry_O'Hara__O'Hara  #Philip_Michael_Ondaatje__Ondaatje__Michael_Ondaatje  #Baroness_Emmusca_Orczy__Orczy  #George_Orwell__Orwell__Eric_Arthur_Blair  #Thomas_Nelson_Page__Page  #Dorothy_Rothschild_Parker__Parker__Dorothy_Parker  #Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak__Pasternak__Boris_Pasternak  #Alan_Stewart_Paton__Paton__Alan_Paton  #William_Sydney_Porter__Porter__O._Henry  #Ezra_Loomis_Pound__Pound__Ezra_Pound  #Ayn_Rand__Rand  #Kenneth_Roberts__Roberts  #Anna_Eleanor_Roosevelt__Roosevelt__Eleanor_Roosevelt  #Jean-Jacques_Rousseau__Rousseau  #Alfred_Damon_Runyon__Runyon__Damon_Runyon  #Ahmed_Salman_Rushdie__Rushdie__Salman_Rushdie  #Comte_Donatien_Alphonse_Francois_de_Sade__Sade__de_Sade__Marquis_de_Sade  #Jerome_David_Salinger__Salinger__J._D._Salinger  #George_Sand__Sand__Amandine_Aurore_Lucie_Dupin__Baroness_Dudevant  #Carl_Sandburg__Sandburg  #William_Saroyan__Saroyan  #Jean_Paul_Sartre__Sartre  #Dorothy_Leigh_Sayers__Sayers__Dorothy_Sayers__Dorothy_L._Sayers  #Johann_Christoph_Friedrich_von_Schiller__Schiller  #Sir_Walter_Scott__Scott__Walter_Scott  #Robert_William_Service__Service  #George_Bernard_Shaw__Shaw__G._B._Shaw  #Mary_Godwin_Wollstonecraft_Shelley__Shelley__Mary_Shelley__Mary_Wollstonecraft_Shelley  #Nevil_Shute_Norway__Shute__Nevil_Shute  #Georges_Joseph_Christian_Simenon__Simenon__Georges_Simenon  #Upton_Beall_Sinclair__Sinclair__Upton_Sinclair  #Isaac_Bashevis_Singer__Singer  #Tobias_George_Smollett__Smollett__Tobias_Smollett  #Baron_Snow_of_Leicester__Snow__C._P._Snow__Charles_Percy_Snow  #Alexander_Isayevich_Solzhenitsyn__Solzhenitsyn  #Susan_Sontag__Sontag  #Muriel_Sarah_Spark__Spark__Muriel_Spark__Dame_Muriel_Spark  #Frank_Morrison_Spillane__Spillane__Mickey_Spillane  #Madame_de_Stael__Stael__Baronne_Anne_Louise_Germaine_Necker_de_Steal-Holstein  #Sir_Richrd_Steele__Steele  #Gertrude_Stein__Stein  #John_Ernst_Steinbeck__Steinbeck__John_Steinbeck  #Stendhal__Marie_Henri_Beyle  #Sir_Leslie_Stephen__Stephen  #Laurence_Sterne__Sterne  #Robert_Louis_Balfour_Stevenson__Stevenson__Robert_Louis_Stevenson  #Francis_Richard_Stockton__Stockton__Frank_Stockton  #Abraham_Stoker__Stoker__Bram_Stoker  #Harriet_Elizabeth_Beecher_Stowe__Stowe__Harriet_Beecher_Stowe  #William_Styron__Styron  #Eugene_Sue__Sue  #John_Addington_Symonds__Symonds  #William_Makepeace_Thackeray__Thackeray  #Henry_David_Thoreau__Thoreau  #Alexis_Charles_Henri_Maurice_de_Tocqueville__Tocqueville  #Alice_B._Toklas__Toklas  #John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien__Tolkien__J._R._R._Tolkien  #Count_Lev_Nikolayevitch_Tolstoy__Tolstoy__Leo_Tolstoy  #Anthony_Trollope__Trollope  #Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev__Turgenev  #Louis_Untermeyer__Untermeyer  #John_Hoyer_Updike__Updike__John_Updike  #Carl_Clinton_Van_Doren__Van_Doren__Carl_Van_Doren  #Mario_Vargas_Llosa__Vargas_Llosa  #Jules_Verne__Verne  #Eugene_Luther_Vidal__Vidal__Gore_Vidal  #Voltaire__Arouet__Francois-Marie_Arouet  #Kurt_Vonnegut__Vonnegut  #John_Barrington_Wain__Wain__John_Wain  #Alice_Malsenior_Walker__Walker__Alice_Walker  #Richard_Horatio_Edgar_Wallace__Wallace__Edgar_Wallace  #Horatio_Walpole__Walpole__Horace_Walpole__Fourth_Earl_of_Orford  #Izaak_Walton__Walton  #Mary_Augusta_Arnold_Ward__Ward__Mrs._Humphrey_Ward  #Robert_Penn_Warren__Warren  #Evelyn_Arthur_Saint_John_Waugh__Waugh__Evelyn_Waugh  #Martha_Beatrice_Potter_Webb__Webb__Beatrice_Webb  #Herbert_George_Wells__Wells__H._G._Wells  #Eudora_Welty__Welty  #Franz_Werfel__Werfel  #Dame_Rebecca_West__West__Rebecca_West__Cicily_Isabel_Fairfield  #Elwyn_Brooks_White__White__E._B._White  #Patrick_Victor_Martindale_White__White__Patrick_White  #Eliezer_Wiesel__Wiesel__Elie_Wiesel  #Oscar_Fingal_O'Flahertie_Wills_Wilde__Wilde__Oscar_Wilde  #Thornton_Niven_Wilder__Wilder__Thornton_Wilder  #Angus_Frank_Johnstone_Wilson__Wilson__Sir_Angus_Wilson  #Owen_Wister__Wister  #Pelham_Grenville_Wodehouse__Wodehouse__P._G._Wodehouse  #Thomas_Clayton_Wolfe__Wolfe__Thomas_Wolfe  #Thomas_Kennerly_Wolfe_Jr.__Wolfe__Tom_Wolfe__Thomas_Wolfe  #Mary_Wollstonecraft_Godwin__Wollstonecraft__Mary_Wollstonecraft  #Ellen_Price_Wood__Wood__Mrs._Henry_Wood  #Adeline_Virginia_Stephen_Woolf__Woolf__Virginia_Woolf  #Herman_Wouk__Wouk  #Richard_Wright__Wright  #Willard_Huntington_Wright__Wright__S._S._Van_Dine  #Israel_Zangwill__Zangwill  #Stefan_Zweig__Zweig
                    subtype:  #contestant  a person who participates in competitions
                       subtype:  #athlete__jock  a person trained to compete in sports
                          subtype:  #acrobat  an athlete who performs acts requiring skill and agility and coordination
                             subtype:  #aerialist  an acrobat who performs in the air (as on a rope or trapeze)
                                subtype:  #ropewalker__ropedancer  an acrobat who performs on a rope stretched at some height above the ground
                             subtype:  #balancer  an acrobat who balances himself in difficult positions
                             subtype:  #circus_acrobat  a acrobat who performs acrobatic feats in a circus
                             subtype:  #contortionist  an acrobat able to twist into unusual positions
                          subtype:  #amateur.athlete  does not play for pay
                             subtype:  #outdoor_man__outdoorman__sporting_man  someone who enjoys outdoor activities
                          subtype:  #ball_hawk  an team athlete who is skilled at stealing or catching the ball
                          subtype:  #ballplayer__baseball_player  an athlete who plays baseball
                             subtype:  #base_runner__runner  a baseball player on the team at bat who is on base (or attempting to reach a base)
                             subtype:  #slugger__batter__hitter__batsman  a ballplayer who is batting
                                subtype:  #bunter  a batter who bunts
                                subtype:  #designated_hitter  a ballplayer who is designated to bat in place of the pitcher
                                subtype:  #pinch_hitter__pinchhitter  (baseball or softball) a substitute for the regular batter
                                subtype:  #switch-hitter  a baseball player who can bat either right or left handed
                                subtype:  #whiffer  a batter who strikes out by swinging at and missing the third strike
                             subtype:  #fielder  a member of the baseball team that is in the field instead of at bat
                                subtype:  #infielder  (baseball or softball) a person who plays a position in the infield
                                   subtype:  #catcher  (baseball or softball) the person who plays the position of catcher
                                   subtype:  #first_baseman__firstbaseman__first_sacker__firstsacker  (baseball or softball) the person who plays first base
                                   subtype:  #second_baseman__second_sacker  (baseball or softball) the person who plays second base
                                   subtype:  #shortstop  (baseball) the person who plays the shortstop position
                                   subtype:  #third_baseman__thirdbaseman__third_sacker__thirdsacker  (baseball or softball) the person who plays third base
                                subtype:  #outfielder  (baseball or softball) a person who plays in the outfield
                                   subtype:  #right_fielder__rightfielder  the person who plays right field
                                   subtype:  #center_fielder  the person who plays center field
                                   subtype:  #left_fielder  the person who plays left field
                             subtype:  #little_leaguer  a player between 8 and 12 years of age who is a member of a little-league team
                             subtype:  #major_leaguer__majorleaguer__big_leaguer__bigleaguer  a member of a major-league baseball team
                             subtype:  #minor_leaguer__minorleaguer  a player on a minor-league baseball team
                             subtype:  #hurler__pitcher__twirler  (baseball or softball) the person who does the pitching; "our pitcher has a sore arm"
                                subtype:  #left-handed_pitcher__left-hander__lefty__southpaw  a baseball pitcher who throws the ball with the left hand
                                subtype:  #right-handed_pitcher__right-hander__righthander  (baseball) a pitcher who throws with the left hand
                                subtype:  #relief_pitcher__reliever__fireman  a pitcher who does not start the game
                                subtype:  #screwballer  (baseball) a pitcher who throws screwballs
                                subtype:  #starting_pitcher  the pitcher who starts in a baseball game
                             subtype:  #utility_man.ballplayer__utilityman  a baseball player valued for the ability to play at several positions
                             instance:  #Henry_Louis_Aaron__Aaron__Hank_Aaron  #Lawrence_Peter_Berra__Berra__Yogi__Yogi_Berra  #Joseph_Paul_DiMaggio__DiMaggio__Joe_DiMaggio  #Henry_Louis_Gehrig__Gehrig__Lou_Gehrig  #Mickey_Charles_Mantle__Mantle__Mickey_Mantle  #Willie_Howard_Mays_Jr.__Mays__Willie_Mays__the_Say_Hey_Kid  #John_Joseph_McGraw__McGraw__John_McGraw  #Stanley_Frank_Musial__Musial__Stan_Musial__stanmusial__Stan_the_Man  #Leroy_Robert_Paige__Paige__Satchel_Paige  #Jack_Roosevelt_Robinson__Robinson__Jackie_Robinson  #George_Herman_Ruth__Ruth__Babe_Ruth__Sultan_of_Swat  #Theodore_Samuel_Williams__Williams__Ted_Williams  #Carl_Yastrzemski__Yastrzemski  #Danton_True_Young__Young__Cy_Young
                          subtype:  #basketball_player__basketeer__cager  an athlete who plays basketball
                             subtype:  #center.basketball_player  (basketball) the person who plays center
                             subtype:  #dribbler  a basketball player who is dribbling the ball to advance it
                             subtype:  #dunker  a basketball player who is able to make dunk shots
                             subtype:  #forward.basketball_player  the person who plays the position of forward on a basketball team
                                instance:  #Julius_Winfield_Erving__Erving__Julius_Erving__Dr._J
                             subtype:  #guard.basketball_player  the person who plays the position of guard on a basketball team
                          subtype:  #bounder__leaper__jumper  an athlete who bounds or leaps (as in basketball)
                          subtype:  #climber  someone who climbs as a sport
                             subtype:  #escalader  someone who gains access by the use of ladders
                             subtype:  #mountaineer__mountain_climber  someone who climbs mountains
                             subtype:  #rock_climber__cragsman  a climber of vertical rock faces
                          subtype:  #cricketer  an athlete who plays cricket
                             subtype:  #bowler.cricketer  delivers the ball to the batsman in cricket
                             subtype:  #fieldsman__fielder  a member of the cricket team that is fielding rather than batting
                                subtype:  #outfielder.fieldsman  a fielder in cricket who is stationed in the outfield
                             subtype:  #wicket-keeper  stands behind the wicket to catch balls
                             instance:  #John_Berry_Hobbs__Hobbs__Sir_Jack_Hobbs  #Sir_Leonard_Hutton__Hutton
                          subtype:  #football_player__footballer  an athlete who plays American football
                             subtype:  #back.football_player  (football) a person who plays in the backfield
                                subtype:  #flankerback__flanker  a back stationed wide of the scrimmage line; used as a pass receiver
                                subtype:  #signal_caller__quarterback__field_general__fieldgeneral  (football) the person who plays quarterback
                                subtype:  #running_back__runningback  (football) a back on the offensive team (a fullback or halfback) who tries to advance the ball by carrying it on plays from the line of scrimmage
                                   subtype:  #fullback.running_back  (football) the running back who plays the fullback position on the offensive team
                                   subtype:  #halfback.running_back  (football) the running back who plays the offensive halfback position
                                subtype:  #tailback.back  (football) the person who plays tailback
                                subtype:  #wingback.back  (football) the person who plays wingback
                             subtype:  #ball_carrier  (football) the football player who is carrying (and trying to advance) the ball on an offensive play
                                subtype:  #forward_passer__forwardpasser__passer  (football) a ball carrier who tries to gain ground by throwing a forward pass
                                subtype:  #rusher.ball_carrier  (football) a ball carrier who tries to gain ground by running with the ball
                             subtype:  #blocker  a football player whose responsibility is to block players attempting to stop an offensive play
                             subtype:  #football_hero  a football player who has achieved a reputation for success
                             subtype:  #kicker  a player who kicks the football
                                subtype:  #dropkicker  a football kicker who drops the ball and kicks it just as it reaches the ground
                                subtype:  #place-kicker__placekicker  (football) a kicker who makes a place kick for a goal
                                subtype:  #punter  (football) a person who kicks the football by dropping it from the hands and contacting it with the foot before it hits the ground
                             subtype:  #line_backer__linebacker  a defensive football player who takes a position close behind the linemen
                             subtype:  #lineman.football_player  one of the players on the line of scrimmage
                                subtype:  #football_snapper__center__snapper  (football) the person who plays center on the line of scrimmage and snaps the ball to the quarterback; "the center fumbled the handoff"
                                subtype:  #football_end-line-man__end  (football) the person who plays at one end of the line of scrimmage; "the end managed to hold onto the pass"
                                   subtype:  #split_end__splitend  (football) an offensive end who lines up at a distance from the other linemen
                                   subtype:  #tight_end__tightend  (football) an offensive end who lines up close to the tackle
                                subtype:  #football_guard__guard  the person who plays that position on a football team; "the left guard was injured on the play"
                                subtype:  #tackle.lineman  the person who plays that position on a football team; "the right tackle is a straight A student"
                             subtype:  #pass_receiver__receiver__pass_catcher  a football player who catches (or is supposed to catch) a forward pass
                             subtype:  #tackler  a football player who tackles the ball carrier
                          subtype:  #gymnast  an athlete who is skilled in gymnastics
                             subtype:  #tumbler.gymnast  a gymnast who performs rolls and somersaults and twists etc.
                                subtype:  #turner.tumbler  a tumbler who is a member of a turnverein
                             instance:  #Olga_Korbut__Korbut
                          subtype:  #ice-hockey_player__hockey_player  an athlete who plays hockey
                             subtype:  #center.ice-hockey_player  (ice hockey) the person who plays center
                             subtype:  #goalie__goalkeeper__goaltender__netkeeper  the soccer or hockey player assigned to protect the goal
                             instance:  #Wayne_Gretzky__Gretzky  #Robert_Orr__Orr__Bobby_Orr
                          subtype:  #hooker  (rugby) the player in the middle of the front row of the scrum who tries to hook the ball
                          subtype:  #hurdler  an athlete who runs the hurdles
                          subtype:  #jumper.athlete  an athlete who competes at jumping
                             subtype:  #hopper.jumper  someone who hops; "at hopscotch, the best hoppers are the children"
                             instance:  #Frederick_Carleton_Lewis__Lewis__Carl_Lewis
                          subtype:  #lacrosse_player  an athlete who plays lacrosse
                          subtype:  #letterman  an athlete who has earned a letter in a school sport
                          subtype:  #Olympian__olympian  an athlete who participates in the Olympic games
                          subtype:  #pentathlete  an athlete who competes in a pentathlon
                          subtype:  #professional__pro  an athlete who plays for pay
                             subtype:  #free_agent  (sports) a professional athlete who is free to sign a contract to play for any team
                             subtype:  #semiprofessional__semipro  an athlete who plays for pay on a part-time basis
                          subtype:  #runner.athlete  a trained athlete who competes in foot races
                             subtype:  #marathoner__marathon_runner__road_runner__long-distance_runner  someone who participates in long-distance races (especially in marathons)
                             subtype:  #miler  a runner in a one-mile race
                                subtype:  #four-minute_man  someone who has run the mile is less that 4 minutes
                                   instance:  #Sir_Roger_Gilbert_Bannister__Bannister__Roger_Bannister  #John_Walker__Walker
                             subtype:  #sprinter  someone who runs a short distance at top speed
                                instance:  #Frederick_Carleton_Lewis__Lewis__Carl_Lewis
                          subtype:  #sharpshooter.athlete  an athlete noted for accurate aim
                          subtype:  #shot_putter  an athlete who competes in the shot put
                          subtype:  #skater  someone who skates
                             subtype:  #ice-skater__iceskater  someone who engages in ice skating
                             subtype:  #roller-skater  someone who engages in roller skating
                             subtype:  #skateboarder  someone who skates on a skateboard
                          subtype:  #skier  someone who skis
                             subtype:  #langlauffer  a cross-country skier
                             subtype:  #ski_jumper__skijumper  a skier who leaps through the air (especially on a ski jump)
                          subtype:  #skydiver__parachute_jumper__parachutejumper  a person who jumps from a plane and performs various gymnastic maneuvers before pulling the parachute cord
                          subtype:  #sledder  someone who rides a sled
                             subtype:  #luger__slider  someone who races the luge
                             subtype:  #tobogganist  someone who rides a toboggan
                          subtype:  #soccer_player  an athlete who plays soccer
                             subtype:  #goalie__goalkeeper__goaltender__netkeeper  the soccer or hockey player assigned to protect the goal
                          subtype:  #sportsman__sport__sportswoman  someone who engages in sports
                          subtype:  #striker.athlete  (soccer) a forward on a soccer team
                          subtype:  #substitute__reserve  an athlete who plays only when another member of the team drops out
                             subtype:  #bench_warmer__benchwarmer  (sports) a substitute who seldom plays
                             subtype:  #pinch_hitter__pinchhitter  (baseball or softball) a substitute for the regular batter
                          subtype:  #swimmer  a trained athlete who participates in swimming meets; "he was an Olympic swimmer"
                             subtype:  #backstroker  someone who swims the backstroke
                             subtype:  #breaststroker  someone who swims the breaststroke
                             subtype:  #diver__plunger  someone who dives (into water)
                             instance:  #Gertrude_Caroline_Ederle__Ederle__Gertrude_Ederle
                          subtype:  #swinger  someone who swings sports implements
                          subtype:  #tennis_player  an athlete who plays tennis
                             subtype:  #tennis_pro__professional_tennis_player  someone who earns a living playing or teaching tennis
                             instance:  #Arthur_Robert_Ashe__Ashe__Arthur_Ashe  #John_Donald_Budge__Budge__Don_Budge  #Maureen_Catherine_Connolly__Connolly__Little_Mo_Connolly  #James_Scott_Connors__Connors__Jimmy_Conors  #Margaret_Court__Court  #Dwight_Filley_Davis__Davis__Dwight_Davis  #Christine_Marie_Evert__Evert__Chris_Evert__Chrissie_Evert  #Althea_Gibson__Gibson  #Stephanie_Graf__Graf__Steffi_Graf  #Billie_Jean_Moffitt_King__King__Billie_Jean_King  #Rodney_George_Laver__Laver__Rod_Laver  #Ivan_Lendl__Lendl  #Helen_Wills_Moody__Moody__Helen_Wills__Helen_Newington_Wills  #Martina_Navratilova__Navratilova  #Monica_Seles__Seles  #William_Tatem_Tilden_Jr.__Tilden__Big_Bill_Tilden  #Virginia_Wade__Wade
                          subtype:  #pole_vaulter__vaulter__pole_jumper  an athlete who jumps over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole
                          subtype:  #weightlifter__lifter  an athlete who lifts barbells
                          subtype:  #winger  (soccer; hockey; rugby; football) player in wing position
                          instance:  #Robert_Bruce_Mathias__Mathias__mathia__Bob_Mathias  #James_Cleveland_Owens__Owens__Jesse_Owens  #James_Francis_Thorpe__Thorpe__Jim_Thorpe  #Mildred_Ella_Didrikson_Zaharias__Zaharias__Babe_Zaharias__Didrikson__Babe_Didrikson__Mildred_Ella_Didrikson
                       subtype:  #defaulter  a contestant who forfeits a match
                       subtype:  #entrant.contestant  one who enters a competition
                       subtype:  #long_shot.contestant__longshot  a contestant that is unlikely to win
                       subtype:  #also-ran__loser  a contestant who loses the contest
                       subtype:  #opponent__opposition__opposite  a contestant that you are matched against
                       subtype:  #player__participant  a person who participates in or is skilled at some game
                          subtype:  #ballplayer__baseball_player  an athlete who plays baseball
                          subtype:  #billiard_player  someone who plays billiards
                          subtype:  #bowler  rolls balls down an alley at pins
                          subtype:  #card_player  someone who plays (or knows how to play) card games
                             subtype:  #bridge_player__hand  a card player in a game of bridge; "we need a 4th hand for bridge"
                                subtype:  #bidder.bridge_player  someone who makes a bid at cards
                                   subtype:  #preemptor__pre-emptor__preemptor  a bidder in bridge who makes a preemptive bid
                                subtype:  #bridge_partner  one of a pair of bridge players who are on the same side of the game
                                   subtype:  #raiser  a bridge partner who increases the partner's bid
                                subtype:  #declarer__contractor  the bridge player in contract bridge who wins the bidding and can declare which suit is to be trumps
                             subtype:  #cardsharp__cardsharper  a professional card player who makes a living by cheating at card games
                             subtype:  #dealer.card_player  the person who distributes the playing cards in a card game
                             subtype:  #eldest_hand__eldesthand__elder_hand__elderhand  the card player on the dealer's left
                             subtype:  #shuffler.card_player  the card player who shuffles the cards
                             instance:  #Ely_Culbertson__Culbertson
                          subtype:  #chess_player__chessplayer  someone who plays the game of chess
                             subtype:  #chess_master__chessmaster  a chess player of great skill
                                instance:  #Robert_James_Fischer__Fischer__Bobby_Fischer  #Anatoli_Yevgenevich_Karpov__Karpov__Anatoli_Karpov  #Gary_Kasparov__Kasparov__Gary_Weinstein  #Viktor_Lvovich_Korchnoi__Korchnoi__Viktor_Korchnoi  #Boris_Vasilevich_Spassky__Spassky__Boris_Spassky
                             subtype:  #patzer  a poor chess player
                          subtype:  #dart_player  someone who plays the game of darts
                          subtype:  #football_player__footballer  an athlete who plays American football
                          subtype:  #golfer__golf_player__linksman  someone who plays the game of golf
                             subtype:  #driver.golfer  a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
                             subtype:  #golf_pro__professional_golfer  someone who earns a living by playing or teaching golf
                             subtype:  #hacker  someone who plays golf poorly
                             subtype:  #hooker.golfer  a golfer whose shots typically curve left (for right-handed golfers)
                             subtype:  #medal_winner__medalwinner__medalist__medallist  (golf) the winner at medal play of a golf tournament
                             subtype:  #putter  a golfer who is putting
                             subtype:  #slicer.golfer  a golfer whose shots typically curve right (for right-handed golfers)
                             instance:  #William_Benjamin_Hogan__Hogan__Ben_Hogan  #Robert_Tyre_Jones__Jones__Bobby_Jones  #Jack_William_Nicklaus__Nicklaus__Jack_Nicklaus  #Gregory_John_Norman__Norman__Greg_Norman  #Arnold_Daniel_Palmer__Palmer__Arnold_Palmer  #Gene_Sarazen__Sarazen  #Lee_Buck_Trevino__Trevino__Lee_Trevino__Supermex
                          subtype:  #grandmaster  a player of exceptional or world class skill in chess or bridge
                             subtype:  #International_Grandmaster  a chess player who has been awarded the highest title by the International Chess Federation
                          subtype:  #ice-hockey_player__hockey_player  an athlete who plays hockey
                          subtype:  #lacrosse_player  an athlete who plays lacrosse
                          subtype:  #most_valuable_player__MVP  the player judged to be the most important to the sport
                          subtype:  #pool_player  someone who shoots pool
                          subtype:  #scorer.player  a player who makes a score in a game or contest
                          subtype:  #seeded_player__seed  one of the outstanding players in a tournament
                          subtype:  #server.player  (court games) the player who serves to start a point
                          subtype:  #shooter  (sports) a player who drives or kicks a ball at the goal (or a basketball player who shoots at the basket)
                          subtype:  #soccer_player  an athlete who plays soccer
                          subtype:  #stringer.player  a member of a squad on a team; "a first stringer"; "a second stringer"
                          subtype:  #tennis_player  an athlete who plays tennis
                          subtype:  #volleyball_player  someone who plays the game of volleyball
                       subtype:  #pothunter.contestant  someone who participates in contests in order to collect trophies
                       subtype:  #qualifier  a contestant who meets certain requirements and so qualifies to take part in the next stage of competition; "the tournament was won by a late qualifier"
                       subtype:  #rival__challenger__competitor__competition__contender  the contestant you hope to defeat; "he had respect for his rivals"; "he wanted to know what the competition was doing"
                          subtype:  #champ__champion__title-holder__titleholder  someone who has won first place in a competition
                             subtype:  #record-breaker__record-holder  someone who breaks a record
                          subtype:  #comer  someone with a promising future
                          subtype:  #finalist  a contestant who reaches the final stages of a competition
                          subtype:  #foe__enemy  a personal enemy; "they had been political foes for years"
                             subtype:  #mortal_enemy  an enemy who wants to kill you
                          subtype:  #front-runner__frontrunner__favorite__favourite  a competitor thought likely to win
                          subtype:  #world-beater__worldbeater__king  a competitor who holds a preeminent position
                          subtype:  #runner-up__second_best  the competitor who finishes second
                          subtype:  #semifinalist  one of four competitors remaining in a tournament by elimination
                          subtype:  #street_fighter  a contestant who is very aggressive and willing to use underhand methods
                          subtype:  #tier.rival  any one of two or more competitors who tie one another
                          subtype:  #tilter.rival  someone who engages in a tilt or joust
                       subtype:  #starter  a contestant who is in the game at the beginning
                          subtype:  #starting_pitcher  the pitcher who starts in a baseball game
                       subtype:  #winner.contestant__victor  the contestant who wins the contest
                          subtype:  #medalist__medallist  someone who has won a medal
                          subtype:  #upsetter  an unexpected winner; someone who defeats the favorite competitor
                          subtype:  #walloper  a winner by a wide margin
                       subtype:  #withdrawer.contestant  a contestant who withdraws from competition
                    subtype:  #coward  a person who shows fear or timidity
                       subtype:  #cur  a cowardly and despicable person
                          subtype:  #caitiff  (archaic) a cowardly and despicable person
                       subtype:  #dastard  a malicious coward
                       subtype:  #poltroon__craven__recreant  an abject coward
                       subtype:  #quaker__trembler  one who quakes and trembles with (or as with) fear
                       subtype:  #shy_person__shyperson__shrinking_violet__shrinkingviolet  someone who shrinks from familiarity with others
                          subtype:  #wallflower.shy_person  remains on sidelines at social event
                       subtype:  #sissy__pantywaist__pansy__milksop__Milquetoast  a timid man or boy considered childish or unassertive
                       subtype:  #waverer__vacillator__hesitator__hesitater  one who hesitates (out of fear)
                    subtype:  #creator  a person who grows or makes or invents things
                       subtype:  #architect__designer  someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)
                          subtype:  #landscape_architect__landscapearchitect__landscape_gardener__landscapegardener  someone who arranges features of the landscape or garden attractively
                             instance:  #Andrew_Jackson_Downing__Downing  #Andre_Le_Notre__Le_Notre  #Frederick_Law_Olmsted__Olmsted__olmsted  #Calvert_Vaux__Vaux
                          instance:  #Marcel_Lajos_Breuer__Breuer  #John_Merven_Carrere__Carrere  #Philibert_Delorme__Delorme__de_l'Orme__Philibert_de_l'Orme  #Richard_Buckminster_Fuller__Fuller__Buckminster_Fuller__R._Buckminster_Fuller  #Antonio_Gaudi__Gaudi  #Cass_Gilbert__Gilbert  #Walter_Gropius__Gropius  #Thomas_Hastings__thomashasting__Hastings  #Victor_Horta__Horta  #Richard_Morris_Hunt__Hunt  #Inigo_Jones__Jones  #Benjamin_Henry_Latrobe__Latrobe  #Le_Corbusier__Charles_Edouard_Jeanneret  #Pierre_Charles_L'Enfant__L'Enfant  #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci  #Maya_Lin__Lin  #Sir_Edwin_Lutyens__Lutyens__Sir_Edwin_Landseer_Luytens  #Francois_Mansart__Mansart__mansart  #Charles_Follen_McKim__McKim  #Michelangelo_Buonarroti__Michelangelo  #Ludwig_Mies_Van_Der_Rohe__Mies_Van_Der_Rohe  #Pier_Luigi_Nervi__Nervi  #Andrea_Palladio__Palladio  #Ieoh_Ming_Pei__Pei__I._M._Pei  #Albert_Speer__Speer  #Edward_Durell_Stone__Stone  #Louis_Henry_Sullivan__Sullivan__Louis_Sullivan__Louis_Henri_Sullivan  #Kenzo_Tange__Tange  #William_Thornton__Thornton  #Richard_Upjohn__Upjohn  #Henri_Clemens_van_de_Velde__van_de_Velde__Henri_van_de_Velde  #Robert_Charles_Venturi__Venturi__Robert_Venturi  #Stanford_White__White  #Sir_Christopher_Wren__Wren  #Frank_Lloyd_Wright__Wright  #James_Wyatt__Wyatt
                       subtype:  #artist__creative_person  a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
                          subtype:  #illustrator  an artist who makes illustrations (for books or magazines or advertisements etc.)
                             subtype:  #commercial_artist  an illustrator who is supported by advertising
                             instance:  #Hablot_Knight_Browne__Browne__Phiz  #Norman_Rockwell__Rockwell
                          subtype:  #classic.artist  an artist who has created classic works
                          subtype:  #classicist  an artistic person who adheres to classicism
                          subtype:  #constructivist  an artist of the school of constructivism
                          subtype:  #decorator__ornamentalist  someone who decorates
                          subtype:  #draftsman__drawer  an artist skilled at drawing
                             subtype:  #cartoonist  a person who draws cartoons
                                instance:  #Jules_Feifer__Feifer  #Reuben_Lucius_Goldberg__Goldberg__Rube_Goldberg  #Sir_David_Alexander_Cecil_Low__Low__David_Low  #William_Henry_Mauldin__Mauldin__Bill_Mauldin  #Thomas_Nast__Nast  #Charles_Munroe_Schulz__Schulz__Charles_Schulz  #Saul_Steinberg__Steinberg  #Sir_John_Tenniel__Tenniel  #James_Grover_Thurber__Thurber__James_Thurber
                             subtype:  #pavement_artist  someone who draws on the pavement with colored chalks (hoping that passers-by will give them money)
                             subtype:  #sketcher.draftsman  someone who draws sketches
                          subtype:  #etcher  someone who etches
                          subtype:  #expressionist  an artist who is an adherent of expressionism
                          subtype:  #maestro__master  an artist of consummate skill; "a master of the violin"; "one of the old masters"
                             subtype:  #old_master__oldmaster  a great European painter prior to 19th century
                                instance:  #Sandro_Botticelli__Botticelli__Alessandro_di_Mariano_dei_Filipepi  #Pieter_Brueghel_the_Elder__Brueghel__Breughel__Bruegel__Pieter_Brueghel__Pieter_Breughel__Pieter_Bruegel__Breughel_the_Elder  #Michelangelo_Merisi_da_Caravaggio__Caravaggio  #Giovanni_Cimabue__Cimabue  #Antonio_Allegri_da_Correggio__Correggio  #Albrecht_Durer__Durer  #El_Greco__Greco__Domenikos_Theotocopoulos  #Jan_van_Eyck__Eyck__van_Eyck  #Giotto_di_Bondone__Giotto  #William_Hogarth__Hogarth  #Holbein_the_Elder__Holbein__Hans_Holbein  #Holbein_the_Younger__Holbein__Hans_Holbein  #Georges_de_La_Tour__La_Tour  #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci  #Fra_Filippo_Lippi__Lippi  #Filippino_Lippi__Lippi  #Michelangelo_Buonarroti__Michelangelo  #Nicolas_Poussin__Poussin  #Raffaello_Santi__Raphael__Raffaello_Sanzio  #Rembrandt_Harmensz_van_Rijn__Rembrandt__Rembrandt_van_Rijn__Rembrandt_van_Ryn  #Pierre_Auguste_Renoir__Renoir  #Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens__Rubens__Peter_Paul_Rubens  #Tintoretto__Jacopo_Robusti  #Titian__Tiziano_Vecellio  #Sir_Anthony_Vandyke__Vandyke__Van_Dyck  #Diego_Rodriguez_de_Silva_y_Velazquez__Velazquez  #Jan_Vermeer__Vermeer__Jan_van_der_Meer  #Paolo_Veronese__Veronese__Paola_Caliari  #Jean_Antoine_Watteau__Watteau__watteau
                          subtype:  #minimalist  a practitioner or advocate of artistic minimalism
                          subtype:  #modernist  an artist who makes a deliberate break with previous styles
                          subtype:  #musician  artist who composes or conducts music as a profession
                             subtype:  #arranger__adapter__transcriber  a musician who adapts a composition for particular voices or instruments or for another style of performance
                                subtype:  #orchestrator  an arranger who writes for orchestras
                             subtype:  #choirmaster__precentor__cantor  the musical director of a choir
                             subtype:  #composer  composes music as a profession
                                subtype:  #contrapuntist  a composer who specializes in counterpoint
                                subtype:  #psalmist  a composer of sacred songs; "David is called The Psalmist because he is believed to be the author of the Book of Psalms
                                subtype:  #songwriter__songster__ballad_maker  a composer of words or music for popular songs
                                   instance:  #Irving_Berlin__Berlin__Israel_Baline  #Hoagland_Howard_Carmichael__Carmichael__Hoagy_Carmichael  #George_Michael_Cohan__Cohan__George_M._Cohan  #Antoine_Domino__Domino__Fats_Domino  #Bob_Dylan__Dylan  #Stephen_Collins_Foster__Foster__Stephen_Foster  #Woodrow_Wilson_Guthrie__Guthrie__Woody_Guthrie  #Buddy_Holly__Holly__Charles_Hardin_Holley  #John_Lennon__Lennon  #Sir_James_Paul_McCartney__McCartney__Paul_McCartney  #Paul_Simon__Simon
                                instance:  #Johann_Sebastian_Bach__Bach  #Ludwig_van_Beethoven__Beethoven__van_Beethoven  #Louis-Hector_Berlioz__Berlioz__Hector_Berlioz  #Leonard_Bernstein__Bernstein  #Marc_Blitzstein__Blitzstein  #Johannes_Brahms__Brahms  #Maria_Luigi_Carlo_Zenobio_Cherubini__Cherubini__Luigi_Cherubini  #Frederic_Francois_Chopin__Chopin  #Aaron_Copland__Copland  #Sir_Noel_Pierce_Coward__Coward__Noel_Coward  #Karl_Czerny__Czerny  #Claude_Achille_Debussy__Debussy__Claude_Debussey  #Frederick_Delius__Delius  #Gaetano_Donizetti__Donizetti  #Antonin_Dvorak__Dvorak  #Sir_Edward_Elgar__Elgar  #Georges_Enesco__Enesco__George_Enescu  #George_Gershwin__Gershwin  #Mikhail_Ivanovich_Glinka__Glinka  #Christoph_Willibald_von_Gluck__Gluck  #Charles_Francois_Gounod__Gounod  #George_Percy_Aldridge_Grainger__Grainger__Percy_Grainger  #Edvard_hagerup_Grieg__Grieg__Edvard_Grieg  #Jacques_Francois_Fromental_Elie_Halevy__Halevy__Fromental_Halevy  #George_Frederick_Handel__Handel__Georg_Friedrich_Handel  #William_Christopher_Handy__Handy__W._C._Handy  #Franz_Joseph_Haydn__Haydn__Joseph_Haydn  #Paul_Hindemith__Hindemith  #Arthur_Honegger__Honegger  #Engelbert_Humperdinck__Humperdinck  #Charles_Edward_Ives__Ives  #Scott_Joplin__Joplin  #Jerome_David_Kern__Kern__Jerome_Kern  #Aram_Ilich_Khachaturian__Khachaturian__Aram_Khachaturian  #Leonard_Constant_Lambert__Lambert__Constant_Lambert  #Franz_Lehar__Lehar  #Franz_Liszt__Liszt  #Baron_Lloyd_Webber_of_Sydmonton__Lloyd_Webber__Andrew_Lloyd_Webber  #Frederick_Loewe__Loewe  #Jean_Baptiste_Lully__Lully  #Gustav_Mahler__Mahler  #Jules_Emile_Frederic_Massenet__Massenet  #Jakob_Ludwig_Felix_Mendelssohn-Bartholdy__Mendelssohn__Felix_Mendelssohn  #Gian_Carlo_Menotti__Menotti  #Giacomo_Meyerbeer__Meyerbeer__Jakob_Liebmann_Beer  #Darius_Milhaud__Milhaud  #Claudio_Monteverdi__Monteverdi  #Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart__Mozart  #Modest_Petrovich_Mussorgsky__Mussorgsky__Moussorgsky__Modest_Mussorgsky__Modest_Moussorgsky__Modest_Petrovich_Moussorgsky  #Carl_August_Nielson__Nielson  #Jacques_Offenbach__Offenbach  #Roy_Orbison__Orbison  #Giovanni_Pierluigi_da_Palestrina__Palestrina  #Cole_Albert_Porter__Porter__Cole_Porter  #Sergei_Sergeyevich_Prokofiev__Prokofiev  #Giacomo_Puccini__Puccini  #Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninoff__Sergei_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninov__Sergei_Rachmaninov__Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninov  #Ottorino_Respighi__Respighi  #Nikolai_Andreyevich_Rimsky-Korsakov__Rimsky-Korsakov__Rimski-Korsakov__Nikolai_Andreyevich_Rimski-Korsakov  #Richard_Rodgers__Rodgers  #Sigmund_Romberg__Romberg  #Giloacchino_Antonio_Rossini__Rossini  #Anton_Grigorevich_Rubinstein__Rubinstein__Anton_Gregor_Rubinstein  #Erik_Alfred_Leslie_Satie__Satie__Erik_Satie  #Artur_Schnabel__Schnabel  #Arnold_Schonberg__Schonberg__Schoenberg__Arnold_Schoenberg  #Franz_Peter_Schubert__Schubert__Franz_Schubert  #Robert_Alexander_Schumann__Schumann__Robert_Schumann  #Alexander_Nikolayevich_Scriabin__Scriabin  #Andres_Segovia__Segovia__segovia  #Roger_Huntington_Sessions__Sessions__Roger_Sessions  #Dmitri_Dmitrievich_Shostakovich__Shostakovich__Dmitri_Shostakovich  #Johan_Julius_Christian_Sibelius__Sibelius__Jean_Sibelius  #Stephen_Sondheim__Sondheim  #John_Philip_Sousa__Sousa__The_March_King  #Strauss_the_Elder__Strauss__Johann_Strauss  #Strauss_the_Younger__Strauss__Johann_Strauss  #Richard_Strauss__Strauss  #Igor_Fyodorovich_Stravinsky__Stravinsky__Igor_Stravinsky  #Arthur_Seymour_Sullivan__Sullivan__Arthur_Sullivan__Sir_Arthur_Sullivan  #Joseph_Deems_Taylor__Taylor__Deems_Taylor  #Peter_Ilich_Tchaikovsky__Tchaikovsky__Peter_Tchaikovsky__Pyotr_Tchaikovsky__Pyotr_Ilich_Tchaikovsky  #Georg_Philipp_Telemann__Telemann  #Edgard_Varese__Varese  #Ralph_Vaughan_Williams__Vaughan_Williams  #Guiseppe_Fortunino_Francesco_Verdi__Verdi__Giuseppe_Verdi  #Antonio_Lucio_Vivaldi__Vivaldi__Antonio_Vivaldi  #Wilhelm_Richard_Wagner__Wagner__Richard_Wagner  #Sir_William_Turner_Walton__Walton__Sir_William_Walton  #Baron_Karl_Maria_Friedrich_Ernst_von_Weber__Weber  #Kurt_Weill__Weill  #Hugo_Wolf__Wolf
                             subtype:  #music_director__musicdirector__conductor__director  the person who leads a musical group
                                subtype:  #bandleader  the leader of a dance band
                                   instance:  #Benjamin_David_Goodman__Goodman__goodman__Benny_Goodman__the_King_of_Swing  #Woodrow_Charles_Herman__Herman__Woody_Herman  #Alton_Glenn_Miller__Miller__Glenn_Miller
                                subtype:  #bandmaster  the conductor of a band
                                   instance:  #John_Philip_Sousa__Sousa__The_March_King
                                subtype:  #drum_major  the leader of a marching band or drum corps
                                subtype:  #drum_majorette  a female drum major
                                instance:  #Leonard_Bernstein__Bernstein  #Arthur_Fiedler__Fiedler  #Sergei_Aleksandrovich_Koussevitzky__Koussevitzky__Serge_Koussevitzky  #Leonard_Constant_Lambert__Lambert__Constant_Lambert  #Eugene_Ormandy__Ormandy  #Seiji_Ozawa__Ozawa  #Leopold_Antoni_Stanislaw_Stokowski__Stokowski__Leopold_Stokowski  #George_Szell__Szell  #Arturo_Toscanini__Toscanini  #Bruno_Walter__Walter  #Sir_Henry_Joseph_Wood__Wood__Sir_Henry_Wood
                             subtype:  #virtuoso  a musician who is a consummate master of technique and artistry
                             instance:  #Victor_Herbert__Herbert  #Yoko_Ono__Ono  #Carl_Orff__Orff
                          subtype:  #painter  an artist who paints
                             subtype:  #abstractionist__abstract_artist  a painter of abstract pictures
                                instance:  #Josef_Albers__Albers  #Piet_Mondrian__Mondrian
                             subtype:  #colorist  a painter able to achieve special effects with color
                             subtype:  #cubist  an artist who adheres to the principles of cubism
                             subtype:  #dauber  an unskilled painter
                             subtype:  #distortionist  a painter who introduces distortions
                             subtype:  #Fauve__fauvist  a member of a group of French painters who followed Fauvism
                             subtype:  #impressionist  a painter who follows the theories of impressionism
                             subtype:  #landscapist  someone who paints landscapes
                             subtype:  #miniaturist  someone who paints tiny pictures in great detail
                             subtype:  #oil_painter  a painter who uses oil paints
                             subtype:  #old_master__oldmaster  a great European painter prior to 19th century
                             subtype:  #pointilist  a painter who uses the technique of pointilism
                             subtype:  #portraitist__portrait_painter__portrayer  a painter or drawer of portraits
                             subtype:  #Postimpressionist  an artist of the Postimpressionist school who revolted against impressionism
                             subtype:  #realist.painter  a painter who represents the world realistically and not in an idealized or romantic style
                             subtype:  #scenic_artist__scene_painter__scenepainter  an artist specializing in scenic subjects
                             subtype:  #watercolorist__watercolourist  paints with watercolors
                             instance:  #Vanessa_Bell__Bell__Vanessa_Stephen  #Thomas_Hart_Benton__Benton  #Georges_Braque__Braque  #Paul_Cezanne__Cezanne  #Marc_Chagall__Chagall__chagall  #Giorgio_de_Chirico__Chirico  #John_Constable__Constable  #John_Singleton_Copley__Copley__John_Copley  #Jean_Baptiste_Camille_Corot__Corot  #Gustave_Courbet__Courbet  #Salvidor_Dali__Dali  #Honore_Daumier__Daumier  #Jacques_Louis_David__David  #Willem_de_Kooning__de_Kooning  #Ferdinand_Victor_Eugene_Delacroix__Delacroix__Eugene_Delacroix  #Adnre_Derain__Derain  #Raoul_Dufy__Dufy  #Max_Ernst__Ernst  #Jean_Honore_Fragonard__Fragonard  #Roger_Eliot_Fry__Fry__Roger_Fry  #Thomas_Gainsborough__Gainsborough  #Paul_Gauguin__Gauguin  #Alberto_Giacometti__Giacometti  #Francisco_Jose_de_Goya_y_Lucientes__Goya__Francisco_Goya__Francisco_de_Goya__Francisco_Jose_de_Goya  #Duncan_James_Corrow_Grant__Grant__Duncan_Grant  #Jaun_Gris__Gris  #Frederick_Childe_Hassam__Hassam__Childe_Hassam  #Katsushika_Hokusai__Hokusai__hokusai  #Winslow_Homer__Homer  #Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres__Ingres  #Wassily_Kandinsky__Kandinsky  #Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner__Kirchner  #Paul_Klee__Klee  #Gustav_Klimt__Klimt  #Franz_Joseph_Kline__Kline  #Lee_Krasner__leekrasner__Krasner  #Sir_Thomas_Lawrence__Lawrence  #Fernand_Leger__Leger  #Roy_Lichtenstein__Lichtenstein  #Laurence_Stephen_Lowry__Lowry__L._S._Lowry  #Rene_Magritte__Magritte  #Kazimir_Severinovich_Malevich__Malevich__Kazimir_Malevich  #Edouard_Manet__Manet  #Andrea_Mantegna__Mantegna  #Reginald_Marsh__Marsh  #Henri_Emile_Benoit_Matisse__Matisse__Henri_Matisse  #Jean_Francois_Millet__Millet  #Joan_Miro__Miro  #Modigliani__Amedeo_Modigliano  #Claude_Monet__Monet  #Samuel_Finley_Breese_Morse__Morse__Samuel_Morse__Samuel_F._B._Morse  #Anne_Mary_Robertson_Moses__Moses__Grandma_Moses  #Robert_Motherwell__Motherwell  #Edvard_Munch__Munch  #Bartolome_Esteban_Murillo__Murillo  #O'Keeffe__Georgia_Okeeffe  #Jose_Clemente_Orozco__Orozco__Jose_Orozco  #Maxfield_Frederick_Parrish__Parrish__Maxfield_Parrish  #Pablo_Picasso__Picasso  #Jackson_Pollock__Pollock  #Sir_Joshua_Reynolds__Reynolds  #Mark_Rothko__Rothko  #Le_Douanier_Rousseau__Rousseau__Henri_Rousseau  #John_Singer_Sargent__johnsingersargent__Sargent__sargent  #Georges_Pierre_Seurat__Seurat__Georges_Seurat  #Benjamin_Shahn__Shahn__Ben_Shahn  #David_Alfaro_Siqueiros__Siqueiros__David_Siqueiros  #Chaim_Soutine__Soutine  #Frank_Philip_Stella__Stella__Frank_Stella  #Gilbert_Charles_Stuart__Stuart__Gilbert_Stuart  #Thomas_Sully__Sully  #Yves_Tanguy__Tanguy  #Giovanni_Battista_Tiepolo__Tiepolo  #Mark_Tobey__Tobey  #Henri_Toulouse-Lautrec__Toulouse-Lautrec  #Trumbull__John_Trumbull  #Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner__Turner  #Maurice_Utrillo__Utrillo  #Vincent_van_Gogh__van_Gogh__Gogh  #Viktor_Vasarely__Vasarely  #Giorgio_Vasari__Vasari  #Marie_Louise_Elisabeth_Vigee-Lebrun__Vigee-Lebrun__Elisabeth_Vigee-Lebrun  #Maurice_de_Vlaminck__Vlaminck  #Jean_Edouard_Vuillard__Vuillard__Edouard_Vuillard  #Andy_Warhol__Warhol  #Weber__Max_Weber  #Benjamin_West__West  #James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler__Whistler  #Grant_Wood__Wood  #Andrew_Wyeth__Wyeth
                          subtype:  #photographer  someone who takes photographs professionally
                             subtype:  #cameraman__camera_operator__cinematographer  a photographer who operates a movie camera
                             subtype:  #press_photographer__pressphotographer  a photographer who works for a newspaper
                             instance:  #Mathew_B._Brady__Brady  #Alfred_Eisenstaedt__Eisenstaedt  #Dorothea_Lange__Lange  #Edward_Jean_Steichen__Steichen  #Alfred_Stieglitz__Stieglitz  #William_Henry_Fox_Talbot__Talbot__Fox_Talbot  #Edward_Weston__Weston
                          subtype:  #Pre-Raphaelite  a painter or writer dedicated to restoring early Renaissance ideals
                             instance:  #William_Holman_Hunt__Hunt__Holman_Hunt  #Sir_John_Everett_Millais__Millais__millai  #Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti__Rossetti
                          subtype:  #printmaker__graphic_artist__graphicartist  an artist who designs and makes prints
                             subtype:  #engraver.printmaker  a printmaker who prints from an engraved printing plate
                             subtype:  #lithographer  a printmaker who uses lithography
                                instance:  #Nathaniel_Currier__Currier  #Honore_Daumier__Daumier  #James_Merritt_Ives__Ives__James_Ives
                          subtype:  #romanticist__romantic  an artist of the romantic period or someone influenced by romanticism
                          subtype:  #sculptor__sculpturer__carver__statue_maker  an artist who creates sculptures
                             subtype:  #sculptress  a woman sculptor
                             instance:  #Constantin_Brancusi__Brancusi  #Alexander_Calder__Calder  #Benvenuto_Cellini__Cellini  #Thomas_Crawford__Crawford  #Donatello__Donato_di_Betto_Bardi  #Sir_Jacob_Epstein__Epstein__Jacob_Epstein  #Daniel_Chester_French__French  #Alberto_Giacometti__Giacometti  #Dame_Barbara_Hepworth__Hepworth__Barbara_Hepworth  #Malvina_Hoffman__Hoffman  #Gaston_Lachaise__Lachaise  #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci  #Maya_Lin__Lin  #Jacques_Lipchitz__Lipchitz  #Lysippus  #Aristide_Maillol__Maillol  #Michelangelo_Buonarroti__Michelangelo  #Modigliani__Amedeo_Modigliano  #Henry_Spencer_Moore__Moore__Henry_Moore  #Louise_Nevelson__Nevelson  #Isamu_Noguchi__Noguchi  #Pablo_Picasso__Picasso  #Francois_Auguste_Rene_Rodin__Rodin__Auguste_Rodin  #George_Segal__Segal  #David_Roland_Smith__Smith__David_Smith  #Lorado_Taft__Taft
                          subtype:  #stylist  an artist who is a master of a particular style
                          subtype:  #surrealist  an artist who is a member of the movement called surrealism
                          subtype:  #symbolist  a member of an artistic movement that expressed ideas indirectly via symbols
                          instance:  #Jean_Arp__Arp__Hans_Arp  #John_James_Audubon__Audubon  #Marcel_Duchamp__Duchamp  #Jasper_Johns__Johns  #Edward_Lear__Lear  #Louis_Comfort_Tiffany__Tiffany
                       subtype:  #builder__developer__constructor  someone who contracts for and supervises the construction of a building
                          subtype:  #boatbuilder  a person who builds boats
                          subtype:  #contractor  someone (a person or firm) who contracts to build things
                             subtype:  #defense_contractor__defensecontractor  a contractor concerned with the development and manufacture of systems of defense
                             subtype:  #hauler__haulier  a haulage contractor
                                subtype:  #garbage_carter__garbagecarter__carter__garbage_hauler__garbagehauler  a hauler of garbage; "there is a web site where licensed carters and would-be customers can make connections"
                             subtype:  #ship-breaker  a contractor who buys old ships and breaks them up for scrap
                             subtype:  #subcontractor  someone who enters into a subcontract with the primary contractor
                          subtype:  #homebuilder__housebuilder  someone who builds houses as a business
                          subtype:  #jerry-builder__jerrybuilder  someone who builds cheap buildings out of poor materials on speculation for a quick profit
                          subtype:  #road_builder  someone whose business is to build roads
                          subtype:  #shipbuilder.builder  a person who builds ships as a business
                       subtype:  #choreographer  someone who creates new dances
                          instance:  #Alvin_Ailey__Ailey  #Alicia_Alonso__Alonso  #Sir_Frederick_Ashton__Ashton  #George_Balanchine__Balanchine  #Mikhail_Baryshnikov__Baryshnikov  #Merce_Cunningham__Cunningham  #Agnes_George_De_Mille__De_Mille__Agnes_De_Mille  #Martha_Graham__Graham  #Lev_Ivanov__Ivanov  #Judith_Jamison__Jamison  #Robert_Joffrey__Joffrey  #Rudolph_Laban__Laban  #Leonide_Fedorovitch_Massine__leonidefedorovitchmassine__Massine__Leonid_Fyodorovich_Myasin  #Jerome_Robbins__Robbins__robbin  #Ted_Shawn__Shawn  #Ruth_St._Denis__St._Denis__Saint_Denis__Ruth_Saint_Denis  #Twyla_Tharp__Tharp  #Antony_Tudor__Tudor
                       subtype:  #couturier__fashion_designer__fashiondesigner__clothesdesigner  someone who designs clothing
                          subtype:  #costumier__costumer__costume_designer__costumedesigner  someone who designs or supplies costumes (as for a play or masquerade)
                          instance:  #Christian_Dior__Dior  #Calvin_Richard_Klein__Klein__Calvin_Klein  #Elsa_Schiaparelli__Schiaparelli  #Gianni_Versace__Versace  #Charles_Frederick_Worth__charlesfrederickworth__Worth
                       subtype:  #crafter  a creator of great skill in the manual arts; "the jewelry was made by internationally famous craftsmen"
                       subtype:  #fantasist  a creator of fantasies
                       subtype:  #farmer__husbandman__granger__sodbuster  a person who operates a farm
                          subtype:  #contadino  an Italian farmer
                          subtype:  #agriculturist__cultivator__grower__raiser  someone concerned with the science or art or business of cultivating the soil
                             subtype:  #fruit_grower__fruitgrower  someone who grows fruit commercially
                          subtype:  #beekeeper__apiarist__apiculturist  a farmer who keeps bees for their honey
                          subtype:  #dairy_farmer__dairyfarmer__dairyman  the owner or manager of a dairy
                          subtype:  #forester__tree_farmer__arboriculturist  someone trained in forestry
                             subtype:  #lumberman__lumberjack__timberman__feller__faller  a person that works at lumbering and fells trees
                                subtype:  #logger  a lumberman who cuts logs into lengths after the trees have been felled
                                   subtype:  #scorer  a logger who marks trees to be felled
                                instance:  #Paul_Bunyan__Bunyan
                          subtype:  #plantation_owner__planter  the owner or manager of a plantation
                          subtype:  #rancher  a person who owns or operates a ranch
                             subtype:  #grazier  a rancher who grazes cattle or sheep for market
                          subtype:  #smallholder  (British) a person owning or renting a smallholding
                          subtype:  #small_farmer__smallfarmer  a farmer on a small farm
                             subtype:  #crofter  an owner or tenant of a small farm in Great Britain
                          subtype:  #sower  someone who sows
                          subtype:  #stockman__stock_raiser__stockraiser__stock_farmer__stockfarmer  farmer who breed or raises livestock
                             subtype:  #stock_breeder__stockbreeder__breeder  a person who breeds animals
                             subtype:  #cow_man__cowman__cattleman__beef_man  a man who raises (or tends) cattle
                             subtype:  #sheepman  a man who raises (or tends) sheep
                          subtype:  #tenant_farmer  a farmer who works land owned by someone else
                          subtype:  #tiller.farmer  someone who tills land (prepares the soil for the planting of crops)
                       subtype:  #inventor__discoverer__artificer  someone who is the first to think of or make something
                          subtype:  #patentee  the inventor to whom a patent is issued
                          instance:  #Alexander_Graham_Bell__Bell__Alexander_Bell  #Sir_Henry_Bessemer__Bessemer  #John_Moses_Browning__Browning__John_M._Browning  #William_Seward_Burroughs__Burroughs  #Edmund_Cartwright__Cartwright  #Louis_Jacques_Mande_Daguerre__Daguerre  #Lee_De_Forest__De_Forest__The_Father_of_Radio  #George_Eastman__Eastman  #Thomas_Alva_Edison__Edison__Thomas_Edison  #Robert_Fulton__Fulton  #Richard_Jordan_Gatling__Gatling  #Gillette__King_Camp_Gilette  #Peter_Carl_Goldmark__Goldmark__Peter_Goldmark  #Charles_Goodyear__Goodyear  #James_Hargreaves__Hargreaves  #Hero_of_Alexandria__Hero__Heron  #Herman_Hollerith__Hollerith  #Elias_Howe__Howe  #Joseph_Marie_Jacquard__Jacquard__Joseph_M._Jacquard  #Edwin_Herbert_Land__Land__Din_Land  #Samuel_Pierpoint_Langley__Langley  #Peter_Paul_Mauser__Mauser__von_Mauser__P._P._von_Mauser  #Sir_Hiram_Stevens_Maxim__Maxim  #Cyrus_Hall_McCormick__McCormick__Cyrus_McCormick  #Ottmar_Mergenthaler__Mergenthaler  #Samuel_Finley_Breese_Morse__Morse__Samuel_Morse__Samuel_F._B._Morse  #Eadweard_Muybridge__Muybridge__Edward_James_Muggeridge  #Elisha_Graves_Otis__Otis  #Isaac_Merrit_Singer__Singer__Isaac_M._Singer  #Elmer_Ambrose_Sperry__Sperry  #Francis_Edgar_Stanley__Stanley  #Charles_Proteus_Steinmetz__Steinmetz  #William_Henry_Fox_Talbot__Talbot__Fox_Talbot  #Nikola_Tesla__Tesla  #James_Watt__Watt  #George_Westinghouse__Westinghouse  #Sir_Charles_Wheatstone__Wheatstone  #Eli_Whitney__Whitney  #Orville_Wright__Wright  #Wilbur_Wright__Wright  #Count_Ferdinand_von_Zeppelin__Zeppelin
                       subtype:  #shaper__maker  a person who makes things
                          subtype:  #basketweaver__basketmaker  someone skilled in weaving baskets
                          subtype:  #belt_maker  a maker of belts
                          subtype:  #bookmaker  a maker of books; someone who edits or publishes or binds books
                          subtype:  #beer_maker__brewer  someone who brews beer or ale from malt and hops and water
                          subtype:  #chandler  a maker (and seller) of candles and soap and oils and paints
                             subtype:  #candlemaker  a person who makes or sells candles
                             subtype:  #wax-chandler__waxchandler  one who deals in wax candles
                          subtype:  #shoemaker__cobbler  a person who makes or repairs shoes
                             subtype:  #bootmaker__boot_maker  a maker of boots
                          subtype:  #confectioner__candymaker  someone who makes candies and other sweets
                             instance:  #Milton_Snavely_Hershey__Hershey
                          subtype:  #author__generator__source  someone who originates or causes or initiates something; "he was the generator of several complaints"
                             subtype:  #coiner  someone who is a source of new words or new expressions
                          subtype:  #glassmaker  some who makes glass
                          subtype:  #hatmaker__hatter__milliner__modiste  someone who makes and sells hats
                          subtype:  #ironworker  a person who makes articles of iron
                             subtype:  #puddler  a worker who turns pig iron into wrought iron by puddling
                          subtype:  #jewelry_maker__jewelrymaker__jeweler__jeweller  someone who makes jewelry
                             subtype:  #goldsmith__goldworker  an artisan who makes jewelry and other objects out of gold
                                instance:  #Peter_Carl_Faberge__Faberge
                             subtype:  #silversmith__silverworker  someone who makes or repairs articles of silver
                                instance:  #Paul_Revere__Revere
                          subtype:  #maltster__maltman  a maker of malt
                          subtype:  #manufacturer__producer  someone who manufactures something
                             subtype:  #arms_manufacturer  someone who manufactures arms and munitions
                                instance:  #Alfred_Krupp__Krupp  #Peter_Paul_Mauser__Mauser__von_Mauser__P._P._von_Mauser
                             subtype:  #brewer  the owner or manager of a brewery
                             subtype:  #distiller  someone who distills alcoholic liquors
                             subtype:  #food_manufacturer  a person who manufactures food products
                                instance:  #W._K._Kellogg__Kellogg__Will_Keith_Kellog
                             subtype:  #sericulturist  a producer of raw silk
                             instance:  #Cyrus_Hall_McCormick__McCormick__Cyrus_McCormick  #John_Mercer__Mercer  #Isaac_Merrit_Singer__Singer__Isaac_M._Singer  #Eli_Whitney__Whitney
                          subtype:  #needleworker  someone who does work (as sewing or embroidery) with a needle
                             subtype:  #edger.needleworker  a person who puts finishing edges on a garment
                             subtype:  #embroiderer  someone who ornaments with needlework
                                subtype:  #embroideress  a woman embroiderer
                             subtype:  #garmentmaker__garmentworker__garment_worker__garmentworker  a person who makes garments
                                subtype:  #cloakmaker__furrier  someone whose occupation is making or repairing fur garments
                                subtype:  #dressmaker__modiste__needlewoman__seamstress__sempstress  someone who makes or mends dresses
                                   instance:  #Betsy_Griscom_Ross__Ross__Betsy_Ross
                                subtype:  #outfitter  someone who provides outfits
                                subtype:  #stitcher  a garmentmaker who performs the finishing steps
                                subtype:  #tailor__seamster__sartor  a person whose occupation is making and altering garments
                                   subtype:  #fitter  someone who fits a garment to a particular person
                             subtype:  #knitter  someone who makes garments (or fabrics) by intertwining yarn or thread
                             subtype:  #sewer  someone who sews; "a sewer of fine gowns"
                                subtype:  #baster.sewer__tacker  a sewer who fastens a garment with long loose stitches
                                subtype:  #sewing-machine_operator  someone who sews by operating a sewing machine
                                subtype:  #tucker.sewer  a sewer who tucks
                          subtype:  #patternmaker  someone who makes patterns (as for sewing or carpentry or metalworking)
                          subtype:  #perfumer  a person who makes (and sells) perfumes
                          subtype:  #piano_maker__pianomaker  a person who makes pianos
                             instance:  #Heinrich_Engelhard_Steinway__Steinway__Henry_Steinway__Henry_Engelhard_Steinway
                          subtype:  #saddler  a maker and repairer and seller of equipment for horses
                          subtype:  #sailmaker  a maker of sails
                          subtype:  #shirtmaker  a maker of shirts
                          subtype:  #thread_maker__spinner__spinster  someone who spins (who twists fibers into threads)
                          subtype:  #steelmaker__steelworker__steelman  a worker engaged in making steel
                          subtype:  #tentmaker  someone who makes or repairs tents
                          subtype:  #toolmaker  someone skilled in making or repairing tools
                          subtype:  #winemaker__vintner__wine_maker  someone who makes wine
                          subtype:  #violin_maker  someone who makes violins
                             instance:  #Nicolo_Amati__Amati__Nicola_Amati  #Andrea_Guarneri__Guarneri__Guarnieri__Guarnerius  #Guiseppe_Guarneri__Guarneri__Guarnieri__Guarnerius  #Antonio_Stradivari__Stradivari__Stradivarius__Antonius_Stradivarius
                          subtype:  #watchmaker__horologist__horologer  someone who makes or repairs watches
                          subtype:  #wigmaker  someone who makes and sells wigs
                       subtype:  #modeler__modeller  a person who creates models
                          instance:  #Madame_Tussaud__Tussaud__tussaud__Marie_Tussaud__Marie_Grosholtz
                       subtype:  #originator__conceiver__mastermind  someone who creates new things
                          subtype:  #beginner__founder__founding_father__father  a person who founds or establishes some institution; "George Washington is the father of his country"
                             subtype:  #cofounder  one of a group of founders
                             subtype:  #colonizer  someone who helps to found a colony
                                instance:  #Sir_Walter_Raleigh__Raleigh__Walter_Raleigh__Ralegh__Walter_Ralegh__Sir_Walter_Ralegh  #Cecil_John_Rhodes__Rhodes__Cecil_Rhodes__Cecil_J._Rhodes
                             subtype:  #foundress__foundres  a woman founder
                          subtype:  #innovator__pioneer  someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art
                          subtype:  #proposer__mover  (parliamentary procedure) someone who makes a formal motion
                             subtype:  #nominator  someone who proposes a candidate for appointment or election
                          subtype:  #suggester__proposer  someone who advances a suggestion or proposal; "the suggester of this absurd strategy was a fool"
                       subtype:  #producer  someone who finds financing for and supervises the making and presentation of a show (play or film or program or similar work)
                          subtype:  #film_maker__film_producer__movie_maker__moviemaker  a producer of motion pictures
                             subtype:  #auteur  a filmmaker who has a personal style and keeps creative control over his or her works
                             subtype:  #New_Waver  a film maker who follows New Wave ideas
                             instance:  #Allen_Stewart_Konigsberg__Allen__Woody_Allen  #Bernardo_Bertolucci__Bertolucci  #Frank_Capra__Capra  #Sir_Charles_Spencer_Chaplin__Chaplin__Charlie_Chaplin  #Jean_Cocteau__Cocteau  #Francis_Ford_Coppola__Coppola  #Cecil_Blount_De_Mille__De_Mille__Cecil_B._De_Mille  #Vittorio_De_Sica__De_Sica  #Walter_Elias_Disney__Disney__Walt_Disney  #Sergei_Mikhailovich_Eisenstein__Eisenstein__Sergei_Eisenstein  #John_Ford__Ford  #Jean_Luc_Godard__Godard  #Samuel_Goldwyn__Goldwyn__Sam_Goldwyn  #David_Lewelyn_Wark_Griffith__Griffith__D._W._Griffith  #Howard_Robard_Hughes__Hughes__Howard_Hughes  #John_Huston__Huston  #Norman_Jewison__Jewison  #Krzysztof_Kieslowski__Kieslowski  #Sir_Alexander_Korda__Korda__Sandor_Kellner  #Stanley_Kubrick__Kubrick  #Akira_Kurosawa__Kurosawa  #Shelton_Jackson_Lee__Lee__Spike_Lee  #Ernst_Lubitsch__Lubitsch  #George_Lucas__Lucas  #Louis_Burt_Mayer__Mayer__Louis_B._Mayer  #Sydney_Pollack__Pollack  #Charles_Robert_Redford__Redford__Robert_Redford  #Martin_Scorsese__Scorsese  #David_Oliver_Selznick__Selznick__David_O._Selznick  #Mack_Sennett__Sennett  #Spielburg__Steven_Spielberg  #George_Stevens__Stevens  #Oliver_Stone__Stone  #Quentin_Jerome_Tarantino__Tarantino__Quentin_Tarantino  #Andrei_Arsenevich_Tarkovsky__Tarkovsky__Andrei_Tarkovsky  #Jacques_Tati__Tati__Jacques_Tatischeff  #Francois_Truffaut__Truffaut  #Don_Luchino_Visconti_Conte_di_Modrone__Visconti__Luchino_Visconti  #Josef_von_Sternberg__von_Sternberg  #Andrzej_Wajda__Wajda  #Charles_Dudley_Warner__Warner  #George_Orson_Welles__Welles__Orson_Welles  #Samuel_Wilder__Wilder__Billy_Wilder  #William_Wyler__Wyler  #Darryl_Francis_Zanuck__Zanuck__Darryl_Zanuck  #Fred_Zinnemann__Zinnemann
                          subtype:  #theatrical_producer  someone who produces theatrical performances
                             instance:  #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker  #Sir_Herbert_Beerbohm_Tree__Tree  #Florenz_Ziegfeld__Ziegfeld__Flo_Ziegfeld
                    subtype:  #disputant  a person who disputes; who is good at or enjoys controversy
                       subtype:  #accuser  someone who imputes guilt or blame
                       subtype:  #debater__arguer  someone who engages in debate
                          subtype:  #devil's_advocate__devil'sadvocate  someone who takes the worse side just for the sake of argument
                          subtype:  #disprover__rebutter__refuter  a debater who refutes or disproves by offering contrary evidence or argument
                          subtype:  #wrangler  someone who argues noisily or angrily
                       subtype:  #denier  one who denies
                       subtype:  #logomach__logomachist  someone given to disputes over words
                       subtype:  #obstructionist__obstructor__obstructer__resister__thwarter  someone who systematically obstructs some action that others want to take
                          subtype:  #naysayer  someone with an aggressively negative attitude
                          subtype:  #stonewaller  one who stonewalls or refuses to answer or cooperate
                       subtype:  #quarreler__quarreller  a disputant who quarrels
                       subtype:  #quibbler__caviller__caviler__pettifogger  a disputant who quibbles; someone who raises annoying petty objections
                       subtype:  #radical  a person who has radical ideas or opinions
                          subtype:  #anarchist__nihilist__syndicalist  an advocate of anarchism
                             instance:  #Mikhail_Aleksandrovich_Bakunin__Bakunin__Mikhail_Bakunin  #Emma_Goldman__Goldman  #Pyotr_Alexeyevich_Kropotkin__Kropotkin__Prince_Peter_Kropotkin  #Nicola_Sacco__Sacco  #Benjamin_Ricketson_Tucker__Tucker  #Bartolomeo_Vanzetti__Vanzetti
                          subtype:  #Bolshevik__Marxist__pinko__red__bolshie  emotionally charged terms used to refer to extreme radicals or revolutionaries
                          subtype:  #extremist  a person who holds extreme views
                          subtype:  #leveler__leveller  a radical who advocates the abolition of political or economic or social inequalities
                          subtype:  #revolutionist__revolutionary__subversive__subverter  a radical supporter of political or social revolution
                             subtype:  #counterrevolutionist__counterrevolutionary  a revolutionary whose aim is to reverse the changes introduced by an earlier revolution
                             subtype:  #dynamiter__dynamitist  a person who uses dynamite in a revolutionary cause
                             subtype:  #Girondist  a member of the moderate republican party during the French Revolution; the Girondists were overthrown by their more radical rivals the Jacobins
                             subtype:  #insurgent__insurrectionist__freedom_fighter__freedomfighter__rebel  a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)
                                subtype:  #mutineer  open rebellion and refusal to obey authorities (especially by seamen or soldiers)
                                instance:  #Nat_Turner__Turner  #Denmark_Vesey__Vesey  #Sir_William_Wallace__Wallace
                             instance:  #Marie_Anne_Charlotte_Corday_d'Armont__Corday__Charlotte_Corday  #Georges_Jacques_Danton__Danton  #Ernesto_Guevara_de_la_Serna__Guevara__Che_Guevara  #Mao_Tsetung__Mao__Mao_Zedong  #Jean_Paul_Marat__Marat  #Jose_Julian_Marti__Marti  #Karl_Marx__Marx  #Comte_de_Mirabeau__Mirabeau__Honore-Gabriel_Victor_Riqueti  #Maxmillien_Marie_Isidore_de_Robespierre__Robespierre  #Leon_Trotsky__Trotsky__Lev_Davidovich_Bronstein  #Francisco_Villa__Villa__Pancho_Villa__Doroteo_Arango  #Emiliano_Zapata__Zapata  #Zhou_En-lai__Chou_En-lai
                          subtype:  #terrorist  a radical who employs terror as a political weapon
                             instance:  #Jacobin
                          subtype:  #Trotskyite__Trotskyist__Trot  radicals who support Trotsky's theory that socialism must be established throughout the world by continuing revolution
                          subtype:  #Young_Turk  a radical who agitates for reform
                       subtype:  #reformist__reformer__crusader__meliorist  a disputant who advocates reform
                          subtype:  #abolitionist__emancipationist  a reformer who favors abolishing slavery
                             instance:  #Henry_Ward_Beecher__Beecher  #John_Brown__Brown  #Frederick_Douglass__Douglass  #William_Lloyd_Garrison__Garrison  #Harriet_Elizabeth_Beecher_Stowe__Stowe__Harriet_Beecher_Stowe  #Arthur_Tappan__Tappan  #Sojourner_Truth__Truth  #Harriet_Tubman__Tubman  #Theodore_Dwight_Weld__Weld
                          subtype:  #birth-control_campaigner__birthcontrolcampaigner__birth-control_reformer__birthcontrolreformer  a social reformer who advocates birth control and family planning
                             instance:  #Marie_Charlotte_Carmichael_Stopes__Stopes__Marie_Stopes
                          subtype:  #Chartist  a 19th century English reformer who advocated better social and economic conditions for working people
                          subtype:  #civil_rights_leader__civil_rights_worker  a leader of the political movement dedicated to securing equal opportunity for members of minority groups
                             instance:  #Julian_Bond__Bond  #William_Edward_Burghardt_Du_Bois__Du_Bois__W._E._B._Du_Bois  #Medgar_Wiley_Evers__Evers__Medgar_Evers  #James_Leonard_Farmer__Farmer  #Jesse_Louis_Jackson__Jackson__Jesse_Jackson  #Martin_Luther_King_Jr.__King__Martin_Luther_King  #Malcolm_X__Malcolm_Little  #James_Howard_Meredith__Meredith__James_Meredith  #Rosa_Parks__Parks  #Paul_Bustill_Robeson__Robeson__robeson__paulrobeson  #Roy_Wilkins__Wilkins  #Whitney_Moore_Young_Jr.__Young__Whitney_Young
                          subtype:  #protester__demonstrator  someone who participates in a public display of group feeling
                             subtype:  #picket.protester  a protester posted by a labor organization outside a place of work
                          subtype:  #dry__prohibitionist  a reformer who opposes the use of intoxicating beverages
                             instance:  #Carry_Amelia_Moore_Nation__Nation__Carry_Nation  #Frances_Elizabeth_Caroline_Willard__Willard
                          subtype:  #environmentalist__conservationist  someone who works to protect the environment from destruction or pollution
                             subtype:  #Green  an environmentalist who belongs to the Green Party
                             instance:  #Rachel_Louise_Carson__Carson__Rachel_Carson  #Barbara_Ward__Ward__Baroness_Jackson_of_Lodsworth
                          subtype:  #feminist__women's_rightist__women'srightist__women's_liberationist__women'sliberationist__libber  a supporter of feminism
                             subtype:  #suffragette  a woman advocate of women's right to vote (especially a militant advocate in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 20th century)
                             instance:  #Simone_de_Beauvoir__Beauvoir  #Betty_Naomi_Friedan__Friedan__Betty_Friedan  #Charlotte_Anna_Perkins_Gilman__Gilman  #Lucretia_Coffin_Mott__Mott  #Alice_Paul__Paul  #Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton__Stanton  #Gloria_Steinem__Steinem  #Lucy_Stone__Stone  #Sojourner_Truth__Truth  #Mary_Wollstonecraft_Godwin__Wollstonecraft__Mary_Wollstonecraft  #Frances_Wright__Wright__Fanny_Wright
                          subtype:  #hippie__hippy__hipster__flowerchild  someone who rejects the established culture; advocates extreme liberalism in politics and lifestyle
                          subtype:  #insurgent__insurrectionist__freedom_fighter__freedomfighter__rebel  a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)
                          subtype:  #militant__activist  a militant reformer
                             subtype:  #Black_Muslim  activist member of a largely Black American group called The Nation of Islam
                                instance:  #Elijah_Muhammad__Muhammad
                             subtype:  #Black_Panther  a member of the Black Panthers political party
                             instance:  #Malcolm_X__Malcolm_Little
                          subtype:  #non-resistant__nonresistant__passive_resister__passiveresister  a reformer who believes in passive resistance
                          subtype:  #Utopian  an idealistic (but usually impractical) social reformer; "a Utopian believes in the ultimate perfectibility of man"
                          instance:  #Anthony_Comstock__Comstock  #John_Huss__Huss__Hus__Jan_Hus  #Robert_Owen__Owen  #Girolamo_Savonarola__Savonarola  #Francis_Everett_Townsend__Townsend  #John_Wilkes__Wilkes
                    subtype:  #engineer__applied_scientist__appliedscientist__technologist  a person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems
                       subtype:  #aeronautical_engineer  an engineer concerned with the design and construction of aircraft
                          instance:  #Reginald_Joseph_Mitchell__Mitchell__R._J._Mitchell
                       subtype:  #aerospace_engineer__aerospaceengineer  an engineer of aircraft and space vehicles
                       subtype:  #army_engineer__military_engineer  a member of the military who is trained in engineering and construction work
                          subtype:  #sapper  a military engineer who does sapping (digging trenches or undermining fortifications)
                          subtype:  #sapper.army_engineer  a military engineer who lays or detects and disarms mines
                       subtype:  #automotive_engineer  an engineer concerned with the design and construction of automobiles
                       subtype:  #civil_engineer__civilengineer  an engineer trained to design and construct and maintain public works (roads or bridges or harbors etc.)
                          subtype:  #highway_engineer__highwayengineer  a civil engineer who specializes in the design and construction of roads and highways
                          instance:  #David_Barnard_Steinman__Steinman
                       subtype:  #electrical_engineer  a person trained in practical applications of the theory of electricity
                          instance:  #Vannevar_Bush__Bush  #Lee_De_Forest__De_Forest__The_Father_of_Radio  #Ray_M._Dolby__Dolby  #Oliver_Heaviside__Heaviside  #Arthur_Edwin_Kennelly__Kennelly__A._E._Kennelly  #Guglielmo_Marconi__Marconi  #Ernst_Werner_von_Siemens__Siemens  #Sir_Clive_Marles_Sinclair__Sinclair__Clive_Sinclair  #Charles_Proteus_Steinmetz__Steinmetz  #Nikola_Tesla__Tesla  #Elihu_Thomson__Thomson
                       subtype:  #marine_engineer__naval_engineer__navalengineer  an officer responsible for the operation and maintenance of the ship's engines
                       subtype:  #mechanical_engineer  a person trained to design and construct machines
                          subtype:  #tribologist  a specialist in tribology
                       subtype:  #metallurgist__metallurgical_engineer__metallurgicalengineer  an engineer trained in the extraction and refining and alloying and fabrication of metals
                          instance:  #Sir_Henry_Bessemer__Bessemer
                       subtype:  #mining_engineer  an engineer concerned with the construction and operation of mines
                       subtype:  #computer_programmer__programmer__coder__softwareengineer  a person who designs and writes and tests computer programs
                          subtype:  #hacker.computer_programmer  a programmer for whom computing is its own reward; may enjoy the challenge of breaking into other computers
                       subtype:  #rocket_engineer__rocket_scientist  an engineer who builds and tests rockets
                          instance:  #Wernher_Magnus_Maximilian_von_Braun__Braun__von_Braun__Wernher_von_Braun
                       subtype:  #surveyor  an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures
                          subtype:  #lineman.surveyor  the surveyor who marks positions with a range pole
                          subtype:  #locator__locater  a person who fixes the boundaries of land claims
                       instance:  #Gottlieb_Daimler__Daimler  #Rudolf_Christian_Karl_Diesel__Diesel__Rudolf_Diesel  #Bryan_Donkin__Donkin  #Alexandre_Gustave_Eiffel__Eiffel  #George_Washington_Goethals__Goethals  #Hugo_Junkers__Junkers  #Charles_Franklin_Kettering__Kettering__Charles_Kettering  #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci  #John_Augustus_Roebling__Roebling__John_Roebling  #Claude_Elwood_Shannon__Shannon__shannon__Claude_Shannon__Claude_E._Shannon  #Sir_Charles_William_Siemens__Siemens__Karl_Wilhelm_Siemens  #Elmer_Ambrose_Sperry__Sperry  #Richard_Trevithick__Trevithick  #Thomas_Augustus_Watson__Watson  #James_Watt__Watt
                    subtype:  #entertainer  a person who tries to please or amuse
                       subtype:  #bombshell.entertainer  an entertainer who has a sensational effect; "she was a blonde bombshell"
                       subtype:  #busker  a person who entertains people for money in public places (as by singing or dancing)
                       subtype:  #drawing_card__drawingcard__draw__attraction__attractor  an entertainer who attracts large audiences; "he was the biggest drawing card they had"
                       subtype:  #humorist__humourist  someone who acts speaks or writes in an amusing way
                          subtype:  #parodist__lampooner  mimics literary or musical style for comic effect
                             subtype:  #caricaturist  someone who parodies in an exaggerated manner
                                instance:  #Sir_Henry_Maxmilian_Beerbohm__Beerbohm__Max_Beerbohm
                          subtype:  #punster  someone overly fond of making puns
                          subtype:  #satirist__ironist  a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm
                             instance:  #Juvenal__Decimus_Junius_Juvenalis  #Francois_Rabelais__Rabelais  #Jonathan_Swift__Swift__Dean_Swift
                          subtype:  #wag__wit__card  (informal) a witty amusing person who makes jokes
                          instance:  #Robert_Charles_Benchley__Benchley__Robert_Benchley  #Samuel_Langhorne_Clemens__Clemens__Mark_Twain  #Ringgold_Wilmer_Lardner__Lardner__Ring_Lardner  #Stephen_Butler_Leacock__Leacock__Stephen_Leacock  #Edward_Lear__Lear  #Donald_Robert_Perry_Marquis__Marquis__Don_Marquis__donmarqui  #William_Penn_Adair_Rogers__Rogers__Will_Rogers  #Henry_Wheeler_Shaw__Shaw__Josh_Billings  #James_Grover_Thurber__Thurber__James_Thurber
                       subtype:  #master_of_ceremonies__emcee__host  a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers)
                          subtype:  #compere  British term for someone who introduces television acts or cabarets etc
                          subtype:  #Lord_of_Misrule  a person appointed master of revels at a Christmas celebration
                          subtype:  #question_master__quizmaster  (British) the host or chairman of a radio or tv quiz show or panel game
                          subtype:  #ringmaster  the person in charge of performances in a circus ring
                          subtype:  #toastmaster  the person who proposes toasts and introduces speakers at a banquet
                             subtype:  #toast_mistress  a woman toastmaster
                          instance:  #Edward_Vincent_Sullivan__Sullivan__Ed_Sullivan
                       subtype:  #performer__performing_artist  an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for an audience
                          subtype:  #histrion__actor__player__thespian__role_player  a theatrical performer
                             subtype:  #actress__actres  a female actor
                                subtype:  #leading_lady__leadinglady  actress who plays the leading female role
                                subtype:  #starlet  a young (film) actress who is publicized as a future star
                                subtype:  #tragedienne  an actress who specializes in tragic roles
                                instance:  #Tallulah_Bankhead__Bankhead  #Georgiana_Emma_Barrymore__Barrymore__Georgiana_Barrymore  #Ethel_Barrymore__Barrymore  #Ingrid_Bergman__Bergman  #Sarah_Bernhardt__Bernhardt__Henriette_Rosine_Bernard  #Shirley_Temple_Black__Black__Shirley_Temple  #Katherine_Cornell__Cornell  #Joan_Crawford__Crawford  #Bette_Davis__Davis  #Marlene_Dietrich__Dietrich__Maria_Magdalene_von_Losch  #Eleonora_Duse__Duse  #Jane_Fonda__Fonda  #Lynn_Fontanne__Fontanne  #Greta_Garbo__Garbo__Greta_Louisa_Gustafsson  #Judy_Garland__Garland  #Lillian_Gish__Gish  #Jean_Harlow__Harlow__Harlean_Carpenter  #Helen_Hayes__Hayes  #Katharine_Houghton_Hepburn__Hepburn__hepburn__Katharine_Hepburn  #Glenda_Jackson__Jackson  #Grace_Patricia_Kelly__Kelly__Grace_Kelly__Princess_Grace_of_Monaco  #Lillie_Langtry__Langtry__the_Jersey_Lillie__Emilie_Charlotte_le_Breton  #Gertrude_Lawrence__Lawrence  #Eva_Le_Gallienne__Le_Gallienne  #Vivien_Leigh__Leigh  #Beatrice_Lillie__Lillie__Lady_Peel  #Sophia_Loren__Loren__Sofia_Scicolone  #Mary_Martin__Martin  #Anna_Amalia_Mercouri__Mercouri__Melina_Mercouri  #Marilyn_Monroe__Monroe__Norma_Jean_Baker  #Alla_Nazimova__Nazimova  #Mary_Pickford__Pickford__Gladys_Smith  #Ginger_Rogers__Rogers__Virginia_McMath  #Moira_Shearer__Shearer  #Sarah_Kemble_Siddons__Siddons__Sarah_Siddons  #Cornelia_Otis_Skinner__Skinner  #Meryl_Streep__Streep  #Barbra_Joan_Streisand__Streisand__Barbra_Streisand  #Gloria_Swanson__Swanson__Gloria_May_Josephine_Svensson  #Elizabeth_Taylor__Taylor  #Dame_Alice_Ellen_Terry__Terry__Dame_Ellen_Terry  #Dame_Sybil_Thorndike__Thorndike  #Ethel_Waters__Waters  #Mae_West__West  #Natalie_Wood__Wood  #Loretta_Young__Young
                             subtype:  #barnstormer__playactor__trouper  an actor who travels around the country presenting plays
                             subtype:  #character_actor__characteractor  an actor who specializes in playing supporting roles
                             subtype:  #comedian  an actor in a comedy
                                subtype:  #comedienne.comedian  a female actor in a comedy
                                   instance:  #Eleanor_Gwynn__Gwynn__Gywn__Gynne__Nell_Gwynn__Nell_Gywn__Nell_Gwynne__Eleanor_Gwyn__Eleanor_Gwynne
                             subtype:  #ham_actor__hamactor__ham  an unskilled actor who overacts
                             subtype:  #heavy.histrion  an actor who plays villainous roles
                             subtype:  #ingenue.histrion  an actress who specializes in playing the role of an artless innocent young girl
                             subtype:  #leading_man__leadingman  actor who plays the leading male role
                             subtype:  #mime__mimer__mummer__pantomimer__pantomimist  an actor who communicates entirely by gesture and facial expression
                                instance:  #Marcel_Marceau__Marceau
                             subtype:  #plant.histrion  an actor situated in the audience whose acting is rehearsed but seems spontaneous to the audience
                             subtype:  #scene-stealer__scenestealer  an actor who draws more attention than other actors in the same scene; "babies are natural scene-stealers"
                             subtype:  #star.histrion__principal__lead  an actor who plays a principal role
                                subtype:  #co-star  one of two actors who are given equal status as stars in a play or film
                                subtype:  #film_star__movie_star__moviestar  a star who plays leading roles in the cinema
                                subtype:  #matinee_idol__matineeidol__idol  someone who is adored blindly and excessively
                                   subtype:  #heartthrob  an object of infatuation
                                subtype:  #television_star__TV_star  a star in a television show
                             subtype:  #supernumerary__spear_carrier__spearcarrier__extra  a minor actor in crowd scenes
                             subtype:  #tragedian.histrion  one who specializes in tragic roles
                             subtype:  #understudy__standby  an actor able to replace a regular performer when required
                             subtype:  #upstager  a selfish actor who upstages the other actors
                             subtype:  #walk-on  plays a small part in a dramatic production
                             instance:  #Allen_Stewart_Konigsberg__Allen__Woody_Allen  #Fred_Astaire__Astaire  #Maurice_Barrymore__Barrymore__Herbert_Blythe  #Lionel_Barrymore__Barrymore  #John_Barrymore__Barrymore  #Humphrey_DeForest_Bogart__Bogart__Humphrey_Bogart  #John_Wilkes_Booth__Booth  #Richard_Burbage__Burbage__burbage  #Richard_Burton__Burton  #Jimmy_Cagney__Cagney__James_Cagney  #Maurice_Chevalier__Chevalier  #Frank_Cooper__Cooper__Gary_Cooper  #Sir_Noel_Pierce_Coward__Coward__Noel_Coward  #Harry_Lillis_Crosby__Crosby__Bing_Crosby  #James_Byron_Dean__Dean__James_Dean  #Robert_De_Niro__De_Niro  #Gerard_Depardieu__Depardieu  #John_Drew__Drew  #Douglas_Elton_Fairbanks__Fairbanks__Douglas_Fairbanks__Julius_Ullman  #Douglas_Fairbanks_Jr.__Fairbanks  #Henry_Fonda__Fonda  #William_Clark_Gable__Gable__gable__Clark_Gable  #David_Garrick__Garrick__garrick  #Mel_Columcille_Gerard_Gibson__Gibson__Mel_Gibson  #Arthur_John_Gielgud__Gielgud__Sir_John_Gielgud  #Cary_Grant__Grant  #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker  #Sir_Alec_Guinness__Guinness__Alec_Guinness  #Thomas_J._Hanks__Hanks__Tom_Hanks  #Reginald_Carey_Harrison__Harrison__Rex_Harrison__Sir_Rex_Harrison  #John_Heming__Heming__Hemminge__John_Hemminge  #Dustin_Hoffman__Hoffman  #Sir_Anthony_Philip_Hopkins__Hopkins__Anthony_Hopkins__Sir_Anthony_Hopkins  #Leslie_Howard_Stainer__Howard__Leslie_Howard  #Al_Jolson__Jolson__Asa_Yoelson  #Boris_Karloff__Karloff__William_Henry_Pratt  #Edmund_Kean__Kean  #Joseph_Francis_Keaton__Keaton__Buster_Keaton  #Eugene_Curran_Kelly__Kelly__Gene_Kelly  #Charles_Laughton__Laughton  #Lee_Yuen_Kam__Lee__Bruce_Lee  #Jack_Lemmon__Lemmon__John_Uhler  #Harold_Clayton_Lloyd__Lloyd__Harold_Lloyd  #Peter_Lorre__Lorre__Laszlo_Lowestein  #Bela_Lugosi__Lugosi__Bela_Ferenc_Blasko  #Alfred_Lunt__Lunt  #E._G._Marshall__Marshall  #Steve_Martin__Martin  #James_Neville_Mason__Mason__James_Mason  #Robert_Mitchum__Mitchum  #Dudley_Stuart_John_Moore__Moore__Dudley_Moore  #Paul_Newman__Newman  #Sir_Laurence_Kerr_Olivier__Olivier__Laurence_Olivier__Baron_Olivier_of_Birghton  #Peter_Seamus_O'Toole__O'Toole__Peter_O'Toole  #Sidney_Poitier__Poitier  #Charles_Robert_Redford__Redford__Robert_Redford  #Sir_Ralph_David_Richardson__Richardson__Ralph_Richardson  #Edward_Goldenberg_Robinson__Robinson__Edward_G._Robinson  #George_C._Scott__Scott  #Peter_Sellers__Sellers  #Francis_Albert_Sinatra__Sinatra__Frank_Sinatra  #Otis_Skinner__Skinner  #Konstantin_Sergeevich_Stanislavsky__Stanislavsky__Konstantin_Stanislavsky__Konstantin_Sergevich_Alekseev  #James_Maitland_Stewart__Stewart__Jimmy_Stewart  #Erich_von_Stroheim__Stroheim  #Spencer_Tracy__Tracy  #Sir_Herbert_Beerbohm_Tree__Tree  #Peter_Alexander_Ustinov__Ustinov__Sir_Peter_Ustinov  #John_Wayne__Wayne__Duke_Wayne  #George_Orson_Welles__Welles__Orson_Welles
                          subtype:  #artiste  a public performer (a dancer or singer)
                          subtype:  #baton_twirler__batontwirler__twirler  someone who twirls a baton
                             subtype:  #drum_majorette.baton_twirler__drummajorette  a female baton twirler who accompanies a marching band
                          subtype:  #comic__comedian  a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comic acts
                             subtype:  #merry_andrew__merryandrew__clown__buffoon  a person who amuses others by ridiculous behavior
                                subtype:  #harlequin  a clown or buffoon (after the Harlequin character in the commedia dell'arte)
                                subtype:  #jester__fool  a professional clown employed to to entertain a king or nobleman in the middle ages
                                subtype:  #whiteface  a clown whose face is covered with white make-up
                                subtype:  #zany  a buffoon in one of the old comedies; imitates others for ludicrous effect
                                instance:  #Emmett_Kelly__Kelly__Weary_Willie
                             subtype:  #comedienne  a female comedian
                             subtype:  #gagman__standup_comedian__standupcomedian  a comedian who uses gags
                             subtype:  #jokester__joker  a person who enjoys telling or playing jokes
                             subtype:  #top_banana__topbanana  the leading comedian in a burlesque show
                             instance:  #George_Burns__Burns__Nathan_Birnbaum  #Sir_Charles_Spencer_Chaplin__Chaplin__Charlie_Chaplin  #Jimmy_Durante__Durante  #W._C._Fields__Fields__William_Claude_Dukenfield  #Oliver_Hardy__Hardy  #Benny_Hill__Hill__Alfred_Hawthorne  #Leslie_Townes_Hope__Hope__Bob_Hope  #Joseph_Francis_Keaton__Keaton__Buster_Keaton  #Sir_Harry_MacLennan_Lauder__Lauder__Harry_Lauder  #Arthur_Stanley_Jefferson_Laurel__Laurel__Stan_Laurel  #Steve_Martin__Martin  #Julius_Marx__Groucho__groucho__marx  #Leonard_Marx__Chico__Marx  #Arthur_Marx__Harpo__Marx  #Herbert_Marx__Zeppo__Marx  #Dudley_Stuart_John_Moore__Moore__Dudley_Moore
                          subtype:  #rodeo_rider__rodeorider__cowboy  a performer who gives exhibitions of riding and roping and bulldogging
                          subtype:  #professional_dancer__dancer  a performer who dances
                             subtype:  #ballet_dancer  a dancer who is a member of a ballet company
                                subtype:  #ballerina__danseuse  a female ballet dancer
                                   subtype:  #prima_ballerina__primaballerina  a leading female ballet dancer
                                subtype:  #danseur_noble__danseurnoble__danseur  a male ballet dancer who is the partner of a ballerina
                             subtype:  #ballet_master  a man who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company
                             subtype:  #baller_mistress  a woman who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company
                             subtype:  #belly_dancer__bellydancer__exotic_dancer  a woman who performs a solo Oriental dance using exaggerated abdominal movements
                             subtype:  #chorus_girl__showgirl__chorine  a woman who dances in a chorus line
                             subtype:  #hoofer__stepper  a professional dancer
                             subtype:  #nautch_girl  a professional dancing girl in India
                             subtype:  #tap_dancer__tapdancer  a dancer who who sounds out rhythms by using metal taps on the toes and heels of the shoes
                             subtype:  #taxi_dancer  a woman employed to dance with patrons who pay a fee for each dance
                             instance:  #Alicia_Alonso__Alonso  #Fred_Astaire__Astaire  #George_Balanchine__Balanchine  #Mikhail_Baryshnikov__Baryshnikov  #Merce_Cunningham__Cunningham  #Agnes_George_De_Mille__De_Mille__Agnes_De_Mille  #Isadora_Duncan__Duncan  #Dame_Margot_Fonteyn__Fonteyn  #Martha_Graham__Graham  #Judith_Jamison__Jamison  #Tamara_Karsavina__Karsavina  #Eugene_Curran_Kelly__Kelly__Gene_Kelly  #Dame_Alicia_Markova__Markova__Lilian_Alicia_Marks  #Leonide_Fedorovitch_Massine__leonidefedorovitchmassine__Massine__Leonid_Fyodorovich_Myasin  #Arthur_Mitchell__Mitchell  #Lola_Montez__Montez__Marie_Dolores_Eliza_Rosanna_Gilbert  #Vaslav_Nijinsky__Nijinsky__Waslaw_Nijinsky  #Rudolf_Nureyev__Nureyev  #Anna_Pavlova__Pavlova  #Ginger_Rogers__Rogers__Virginia_McMath  #Salome  #Ted_Shawn__Shawn  #Moira_Shearer__Shearer  #Ruth_St._Denis__St._Denis__Saint_Denis__Ruth_Saint_Denis  #Maria_Tallchief__Tallchief  #Twyla_Tharp__Tharp  #Antony_Tudor__Tudor  #Galina_Sergeevna_Ulanova__Ulanova__Galina_Ulanova  #Gaetan_Vestris__Vestris
                          subtype:  #executant  a performer (usually of musical works)
                          subtype:  #fire-swallower__fire-eater  a performer who pretends to swallow fire
                          subtype:  #fire_walker  someone who walks barefoot on burning coals
                          subtype:  #headliner__star  a performer who receives prominent billing
                          subtype:  #juggler  a performer who juggles objects and performs tricks of manual dexterity
                          subtype:  #magician__prestidigitator__conjurer__conjuror__illusionist  someone who performs magic tricks to amuse an audience
                             subtype:  #escapologist__escape_expert  someone who is expert in the art of escaping
                             subtype:  #mind_reader__telepathist__thoughtreader  a magician who seems to discern the thoughts of another person (usually by clever signals from an accomplice)
                          subtype:  #minstrel  a performer in a minstrel show
                             subtype:  #corner_man__end_man__endman  a man at one end of line of performers in a minstrel show; carries on humorous dialogue with the interlocutor
                             subtype:  #interlocutor__middleman  the performer in the middle of a minstrel line who engages the others in talk
                          subtype:  #monologist  an entertainer who performs along
                          subtype:  #instrumentalist__musician__player  someone who plays a musical instrument (as a profession)
                             subtype:  #accompanist__accompanyist  a person who provides musical accompaniment (usually on a piano)
                             subtype:  #bandsman  a player in a band (especially a military band)
                             subtype:  #bassoonist  a musician who plays the bassoon
                             subtype:  #bell_ringer__bellringer  someone who plays musical handbells
                             subtype:  #carillonneur  a musician who plays a carillon
                             subtype:  #cellist  some who plays a violoncello
                                instance:  #Pablo_Casals__Casals
                             subtype:  #clarinetist__clarinettist  a musician who plays the clarinet
                                instance:  #Benjamin_David_Goodman__Goodman__goodman__Benny_Goodman__the_King_of_Swing
                             subtype:  #flutist__flute_player__fluteplayer  someone who plays the flute
                             subtype:  #guitarist__guitar_player  a musician who plays the guitar
                                instance:  #James_Marshall_Hendrix__Hendrix__Jimi_Hendrix  #Riley_B_King__King__B._B._King  #Andres_Segovia__Segovia__segovia
                             subtype:  #harpist__harper  someone who plays the harp
                             subtype:  #harpsichordist  someone who plays the harpsichord
                                instance:  #Wanda_Landowska__Landowska
                             subtype:  #jazz_musician__jazzman  a musician who plays or composes jazz music
                                subtype:  #syncopator  a musician who plays syncopated jazz music (usually in a dance band); "they called themselves the Dixie Syncopators"
                                instance:  #Louis_Armstrong__Armstrong__Satchmo  #Miles_Dewey_Davis_Jr.__Davis__Miles_Davis  #Edward_Kennedy_Ellington__Ellington__Duke_Ellington  #Lionel_Hampton__Hampton__hampton  #Woodrow_Charles_Herman__Herman__Woody_Herman  #Thelonious_Sphere_Monk__Monk__Thelonious_Monk  #Ferdinand_Joseph_La_Menthe_Morton__Morton__Jelly_Roll_Morton  #King_Oliver__Oliver__Joseph_Oliveer  #Arthur_Tatum__Tatum__Art_Tatum  #Thomas_Wright_Waller__Waller__Fats_Waller
                             subtype:  #koto_player  a (Japanese) musician who plays the koto
                             subtype:  #lutist__lutanist__lutenist  a musician who plays the lute
                             subtype:  #oboist  a musician who plays the oboe
                             subtype:  #organist  a person who plays an organ
                                instance:  #Johann_Sebastian_Bach__Bach  #Albert_Schweitzer__Schweitzer
                             subtype:  #percussionist  a musician who plays percussion instruments
                                subtype:  #drummer  someone who plays a drum
                                   subtype:  #tympanist__timpanist  a person who plays the kettledrums
                                   instance:  #Ringo_Starr__Starr__Richard_Starkey
                                subtype:  #xylophonist  someone who plays a xylophone
                             subtype:  #pianist__piano_player__pianoplayer  a person who plays the piano
                                instance:  #Frederic_Francois_Chopin__Chopin  #Karl_Czerny__Czerny  #Dame_Myra_Hess__Hess  #Vladimir_Horowitz__Horowitz  #Jerry_Lee_Lewis__Lewis  #Franz_Liszt__Liszt  #Ignace_Jan_Paderewski__Paderewski  #Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninoff__Sergei_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninov__Sergei_Rachmaninov__Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninov  #Anton_Grigorevich_Rubinstein__Rubinstein__Anton_Gregor_Rubinstein  #Arthur_Rubinstein__Rubinstein__Artur_Rubinstein  #Artur_Schnabel__Schnabel  #Rudolf_Serkin__Serkin
                             subtype:  #piper__bagpiper  someone who plays the bagpipe
                                subtype:  #pipe_major  the chief piper in a band of bagpipes
                             subtype:  #recorder_player  someone who plays the recorder
                             subtype:  #rhythm_and_blues_musician  a performer (and sometimes composer) of rhythm and blues music
                                instance:  #Antoine_Domino__Domino__Fats_Domino
                             subtype:  #rock_'n'_roll_musician__rocker  a performer (or composer) of rock music
                                subtype:  #rock_star  a famous singer of rock music
                                   instance:  #Charles_Edward_Berry__Berry__Chuck_Berry  #William_John_Clifton_Haley_Jr.__Haley__Bill_Haley  #George_Harrison__Harrison  #Buddy_Holly__Holly__Charles_Hardin_Holley  #Michael_Philip_Jagger__Jagger__Mick_Jagger  #John_Lennon__Lennon  #Jerry_Lee_Lewis__Lewis  #Sir_James_Paul_McCartney__McCartney__Paul_McCartney  #James_Douglas_Morrison__Morrison__Jim_Morrison  #Elvis_Aron_Presley__Presley__Elvis_Presley  #Ringo_Starr__Starr__Richard_Starkey
                             subtype:  #saxophonist  a musician who plays the saxophone
                                instance:  #Coleman_Hawkins__colemanhawkin__Hawkins  #Charles_Christopher_Parker__Parker__Charlie_Parker__Yardbird_Parker__Bird_Parker  #Lester_Willis_Young__Young__Pres_Young
                             subtype:  #singer__vocalist__vocalizer__vocaliser  a person who sings
                                subtype:  #alto.singer  a singer whose voice lies in the alto clef
                                   subtype:  #countertenor  a male singer with a voice above that of a tenor
                                subtype:  #baritone__barytone  a male singer
                                subtype:  #basso__bass  an adult male singer with the lowest voice
                                subtype:  #canary  (informal) a female singer
                                subtype:  #caroler__caroller  a singer of carols
                                subtype:  #castrato  a male singer who was castrated before puberty and retains a soprano or alto voice
                                subtype:  #chorister  a singer in a choir
                                   subtype:  #choirboy  a boy who sings in a choir
                                subtype:  #contralto  a woman singer having a contralto voice
                                   instance:  #Marian_Anderson__Anderson  #Ernestine_Schumann-Heink__Schumann-Heink
                                subtype:  #crooner__balladeer  a singer of popular ballads
                                   instance:  #Harry_Lillis_Crosby__Crosby__Bing_Crosby  #Francis_Albert_Sinatra__Sinatra__Frank_Sinatra
                                subtype:  #folk_singer__jongleur__minstrel__poet-singer__troubadour  a singer of folk songs
                                   instance:  #Woodrow_Wilson_Guthrie__Guthrie__Woody_Guthrie  #Peter_Seeger__Seeger__Pete_Seeger
                                subtype:  #hummer  a singer who produces a tune without opening the lips or forming words
                                subtype:  #lieder_singer  a singer of lieder
                                subtype:  #madrigalist  a singer of madrigals
                                subtype:  #opera_star__operastar__operatic_star  singer of lead role in an opera
                                   subtype:  #diva__prima_donna  a distinguished female operatic singer; a female operatic star
                                subtype:  #rock_star  a famous singer of rock music
                                subtype:  #songster  a person who sings
                                   subtype:  #songstress  a woman songster (especially of popular songs)
                                subtype:  #soprano  a female singer
                                   subtype:  #coloratura_soprano__coloratura  a lyric soprano who specializes in coloratura vocal music
                                      instance:  #Maria_Meneghini_Callas__Callas__Maria_Callas  #Dame_Nellie_Melba__Melba__Helen_Porter_Mitchell
                                   subtype:  #mezzo__mezzo-soprano  a soprano with a voice between soprano and contralto
                                   instance:  #Eileen_Farrell__Farrell  #Jenny_Lind__Lind__Swedish_Nightingale  #Marta_Brigit_Nilsson__Nilsson__Brigit_Nilsson  #Jessye_Norman__Norman  #Mary_Leontyne_Price__Price__Leontyne_Price  #Beverly_Sills__Sills  #Dame_Joan_Sutherland__Sutherland__Joan_Sutherland  #Renata_Tebaldi__Tebaldi  #Dame_Kiri_Janette_Te_Kanawa__Te_Kanawa__Dame_Kiri_Te_Kanawa  #Helen_Traubel__Traubel
                                subtype:  #tenor  an adult male with a tenor voice
                                   instance:  #Enrico_Caruso__Caruso  #Placido_Domingo__Domingo__domingo  #John_McCormick__McCormick  #Lauritz_Lebrecht_Hommel_Melchior__Melchior__Lauritz_Melchior  #Luciano_Pavarotti__Pavarotti
                                subtype:  #thrush.singer  (informal) a woman who sings popular songs
                                subtype:  #torch_singer__torchsinger  a singer (usually a woman) who specializes in singing torch songs
                                subtype:  #voice.singer  (metonymy) a singer; "he wanted to hear trained voices sing it"
                                subtype:  #yodeller  a singer who changes register rapidly (popular is Swiss folk songs)
                                instance:  #Pearl_Mae_Bailey__Bailey__Pearl_Bailey  #Maurice_Chevalier__Chevalier  #Marlene_Dietrich__Dietrich__Maria_Magdalene_von_Losch  #Bob_Dylan__Dylan  #Ella_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald  #Judy_Garland__Garland  #Julio_Iglesias__Iglesias  #Mahalia_Jackson__Jackson  #Michael_Joe_Jackson__Jackson__Michael_Jackson  #Al_Jolson__Jolson__Asa_Yoelson  #Janis_Joplin__Joplin  #Riley_B_King__King__B._B._King  #Sir_Harry_MacLennan_Lauder__Lauder__Harry_Lauder  #Madonna_Louise_Ciccone__Madonna  #Robert_Nesta_Marley__Marley__Bob_Marley  #Dean_Martin__Dino_Paul_Crocetti__Martin  #Ethel_Merman__Merman  #Roy_Orbison__Orbison  #Edith_Piaf__Piaf__Edith_Giovanna_Gassion__Little_Sparrow  #Paul_Bustill_Robeson__Robeson__robeson__paulrobeson  #Paul_Simon__Simon  #Bessie_Smith__Smith  #Kathryn_Elizabeth_Smith__Smith__Kate_Smith  #Barbra_Joan_Streisand__Streisand__Barbra_Streisand  #Sarah_Vaughan__Vaughan  #Ethel_Waters__Waters  #Tammy_Wynette__Wynette__Tammy_Wynetter_Pugh
                             subtype:  #sitar_player__sitarplayer  a musician who plays the sitar
                                instance:  #Ravi_Shankar__Shankar
                             subtype:  #soloist  a musician who performs a solo
                                subtype:  #recitalist  a musician who gives recitals
                             subtype:  #trombonist__trombone_player  a musician who plays the trombone
                             subtype:  #cornetist__trumpeter  a musician who plays the trumpet or cornet
                                subtype:  #bugler  someone who plays a bugle
                                instance:  #Louis_Armstrong__Armstrong__Satchmo  #John_Birks_Gillespie__Gillespie__Dizzy_Gillespie
                             subtype:  #violinist__fiddler  a musician who plays the violin
                                instance:  #Georges_Enesco__Enesco__George_Enescu  #Stephane_Grappelli__Grappelli  #Fritz_Kreisler__Kreisler  #Sir_Yehudi_Menuhin__Menuhin__Yehudi_Menuhin  #Niccolo_Paganini__Paganini  #Isaac_Stern__Stern  #Antonio_Lucio_Vivaldi__Vivaldi__Antonio_Vivaldi  #Efrem_Zimbalist__Zimbalist  #Pinchas_Zukerman__Zukerman
                          subtype:  #puppeteer  one who operates puppets or marionettes
                             instance:  #Jim_Henson__Henson
                          subtype:  #Savoyard.performer__savoyard  a person who performs in the operettas of Gilbert and Sullivan
                          subtype:  #snake_charmer  a performer who uses movements and music to control snakes
                          subtype:  #straight_man  a performer who acts as stooge to a comedian
                          subtype:  #stripper__striptease_artist__striptease__stripteaser__exotic_dancer__ecdysiast__peeler  a performer who provides erotic entertainment by undressing to music
                             instance:  #Gypsy_Rose_Lee__Lee__Rose_Louise_Hovick
                          subtype:  #vaudevillian  a performer who works in vaudeville
                             instance:  #George_Burns__Burns__Nathan_Birnbaum  #Sophie_Tucker__Tucker
                          subtype:  #ventriloquist  a performer who projects the voice into a wooden dummy
                       subtype:  #pleaser  a pleasing entertainer; "he is quite the crowd pleaser"
                    subtype:  #expert  a person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully
                       subtype:  #adept__ace__maven__virtuoso__genius__hotshot__star__whiz__whizz__wizard__wiz  someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
                          subtype:  #track_star__trackstar  a star runner
                       subtype:  #agronomist  an expert in soil management and field-crop production
                       subtype:  #all-rounder__allrounder__all_arounder__allarounder  a versatile person who is expert at many things; "she's the best all-rounder they've seen in years"
                       subtype:  #analyst  someone who is skilled at analyzing data
                          subtype:  #intelligence_analyst  a government analyst of information about an enemy or potential enemy
                          subtype:  #assayer  an analyst who assays (performs chemical tests on) metals
                          subtype:  #systems_analyst__systemsanalyst  a person skilled at systems analysis
                       subtype:  #analyst.expert  an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
                          subtype:  #credit_analyst  an analyst who studies the financial statements and financial history of applicants for credit in order to evaluate their creditworthiness
                          subtype:  #financial_analyst__financialanalyst__securities_analyst  an analyst who studies the financial performance of corporations
                          subtype:  #industry_analyst  an analyst of conditions affecting a particular industry
                             subtype:  #oil-industry_analyst  an analyst of the oil industry
                          subtype:  #market_analyst  an analyst of conditions affecting a market (especially the stock market)
                       subtype:  #anatomist  an expert in anatomy
                          subtype:  #comparative_anatomist__comparativeanatomist  anatomist who compares the anatomy of different animals
                             instance:  #Sir_Richard_Owen__Owen
                          subtype:  #histologist  anatomist who specializes in the microscopic study of animal tissues
                             instance:  #Camillo_Golgi__Golgi  #Marcello_Malpighi__Malpighi  #Santiago_Ramon_y_Cajal__Ramon_y_Cajal  #Theodor_Schwann__Schwann
                          instance:  #Bartolommeo_Eustachio__Eustachio  #Herbert_McLean_Evans__Evans  #Galen  #Georg_Meissner__Meissner  #Johannes_Peter_Muller__Muller  #Andreas_Vesalius__Vesalius  #Kaspar_Friedrich_Wolff__Wolff
                       subtype:  #antiquary__antiquarian  an expert or collector of antiquities
                       subtype:  #arbiter__supreme_authority__supremeauthority  someone with the power to settle matters at will; "she was the final arbiter on all matters of fashion"
                       subtype:  #archer__bowman  a person who is expert in the use of a bow and arrow
                          subtype:  #longbowman  a medieval English archer who used a longbow
                          instance:  #William_Tell__Tell
                       subtype:  #authority.expert  an expert whose views are taken as definitive; "he is an authority on corporate law"
                          subtype:  #adviser__advisor__consultant  an expert who gives advice
                             subtype:  #amicus_curiae__friend_of_the_court  an adviser to the court on some matter of law who is not a party to the case; usually someone who wants to influence the outcome of a lawsuit involving matters of wide public interest
                             subtype:  #backroom_boy__brain_truster__braintruster  an expert adviser involved in making important decisions but usually lacking official status
                             subtype:  #beauty_consultant  someone who gives you advice about your personal appearance
                             subtype:  #counselor__counsellor  some who gives advice about problems
                                subtype:  #Dutch_uncle  a counselor who admonishes frankly and sternly
                                instance:  #Nestor
                             subtype:  #county_agent__agricultural_agent__extension_agent__extensionagent  an advisor employed by the government to assist people in rural areas with methods of farming and home economics
                             subtype:  #fashion_consultant__fashionconsultant__fashionmonger  someone who advises you about fashionable clothing
                             subtype:  #investment_adviser__investment_advisor  someone who advises others how to invest their money
                             subtype:  #management_consultant  adviser to business about efficient management practices
                             subtype:  #media_consultant__mediaconsultant__medai_guru__medaiguru  someone who advises about the use of communication media
                             subtype:  #security_consultant  an adviser about alarm systems to prevent burglaries
                             subtype:  #tipster__tout  one who sells advice about gambling or speculation (especially at the racetrack)
                          subtype:  #Church_Father__Father  an early writer accepted as an authority on the teachings and practices of the Christian church
                          subtype:  #connoisseur__cognoscenti  an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts
                             subtype:  #esthete__aesthete  one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature
                             subtype:  #oenophile__oenophilist__wine_lover  a connoisseur of fine wines; a grape nut
                          subtype:  #evaluator__judge  an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality
                             subtype:  #valuator__appraiser  one who estimates officially the worth or value or quality of things
                                subtype:  #valuer  (Brit) someone who assesses the monetary worth of possessions
                             subtype:  #critic.evaluator  anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of something
                                subtype:  #appraiser__authenticator  one who determines authenticity (as of works of art) or who guarantees validity
                                subtype:  #drama_critic__dramacritic__theater_critic__theatercritic  a critic of theatrical performances
                                   instance:  #Alexander_Woollcott__Woollcott
                                subtype:  #grader  a judge who assigns grades to something
                                   subtype:  #wool_sorter__wool_stapler  a person who sorts wool into different grades
                                subtype:  #music_critic__musiccritic  a critic of musical performances
                                   instance:  #Joseph_Deems_Taylor__Taylor__Deems_Taylor
                                subtype:  #panelist__panellist  a member of a panel
                                   subtype:  #juror__juryman__jurywoman  someone who serves (or waits to be called to serve) on a jury
                                      subtype:  #foreperson  the presiding member of the jury and the one who speaks on their behalf
                                         subtype:  #foreman  a man who is foreperson of a jury
                                         subtype:  #forelady__forewoman  a woman who is foreperson of a jury
                                      subtype:  #petit_juror__petitjuror__petty_juror__pettyjuror  a member of a petit jury
                                subtype:  #reviewer__referee__reader  someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication
                                   subtype:  #scanner.reviewer  someone who scans verse to determine the number and prosodic value of the syllables
                                subtype:  #taster__tastetester__sampler  someone who samples food or drink for its quality
                                   subtype:  #wine_taster  a taster who evaluates the quality of wines
                          subtype:  #liturgist  an authority on liturgies
                          subtype:  #master.authority__professional  an authority qualified to teach apprentices
                             subtype:  #past_master.master__pastmaster  someone who was formerly a master
                       subtype:  #black_belt.expert__blackbelt  a person who attained the rank of expert in the martial arts (judo or karate)
                       subtype:  #calculator__reckoner__figurer__computer  an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
                          subtype:  #number_cruncher.calculator__numbercruncher  someone able to perform complex and lengthy calculations
                          subtype:  #statistician__actuary  someone versed in the collection and interpretation of numerical data (especially someone who uses statistics to calculate insurance premiums)
                             subtype:  #surveyor.statistician  someone who conducts a statistical survey
                       subtype:  #computer_expert__computer_guru  an authority on computers and computing
                          subtype:  #UNIX_guru  an expert on the UNIX operating system
                       subtype:  #cosmetologist  an expert in the use of cosmetics
                       subtype:  #efficiency_expert__efficiency_engineer  an expert in increasing the efficient use of machines and personnel
                       subtype:  #genealogist  an expert in genealogy
                       subtype:  #geographer  an expert on geography
                          subtype:  #cartographer__map_maker__mapmaker  a person who makes maps
                             instance:  #Sebastian_Cabot__Cabot
                          instance:  #Gerardus_Mercator__Mercator__Gerhard_Kremer
                       subtype:  #horticulturist  an expert in the science of cultivating plants (fruit or flowers or vegetables or ornamental plants)
                          subtype:  #nurseryman__gardener  someone who takes care of a garden
                             subtype:  #transplanter  a gardener who moves plants to new locations
                          instance:  #Luther_Burbank__Burbank
                       subtype:  #investigator  someone who investigates
                          subtype:  #claims_adjuster__adjuster__adjustor__claims_adjustor__claim_agent__claimagent  one who investigates insurance claims or claims for damages and recommends an effective settlement
                          subtype:  #coroner__medical_examiner__medicalexaminer  a public official who investigates by inquest any death not due to natural causes
                          subtype:  #detective  an investigator engaged or employed in obtaining information not easily available to the public
                             subtype:  #private_detective__privatedetective__PI__private_eye__privateeye__private_investigator__privateinvestigator__operative__shamus__sherlock  someone who can be employed as a detective to collect information
                                subtype:  #hotel_detective__hoteldetective__house_detective__housedetective__house_dick__housedick  a private detective employed by a hotel or retail store
                                subtype:  #inquiry_agent__inquiryagent  (British) a private detective
                                subtype:  #store_detective__storedetective  a private detective employed by a merchant to stop pilferage
                             subtype:  #sleuth__sleuthhound  a detective who follows a trail
                          subtype:  #examiner__inspector  an investigator who observes carefully; "the examiner searched for clues"
                             subtype:  #bank_examiner  an official appointed to audit the accounts of banks in a given jurisdiction
                             subtype:  #checker  one who checks the correctness of something
                             subtype:  #scrutinizer__scrutiniser  a careful examiner; someone who inspects with great care
                             subtype:  #scrutineer  (British) someone who examines votes at an election
                          subtype:  #ombudsman  a government appointee who investigates complaints by private persons against the government
                          instance:  #Samuel_Wiesenthal__Wiesenthal
                       subtype:  #jurist__legal_expert__legalexpert  a legal scholar versed in civil law or the law of nations
                          subtype:  #Mufti  a jurist who interprets Muslim law
                          instance:  #Jeremy_Bentham__Bentham  #Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr.__Holmes  #Charles_Evans_Hughes__Hughes  #John_Jay__Jay  #John_Marshall__Marshall  #William_Hubbs_Rehnquist__Rehnquist__William_Rehnquist  #Harlan_Fiske_Stone__Stone  #Frederick_Moore_Vinson__Vinson  #Earl_Warren__Warren
                       subtype:  #lapidary__lapidarist  an expert on precious stones and the art of cutting and engraving them
                       subtype:  #logician__logistician  a person skilled at symbolic logic
                          subtype:  #dialectician  a logician skilled in dialectic
                          subtype:  #syllogist__syllogizer__syllogiser  logician skilled in syllogistic reasoning
                          instance:  #William_Stanley_Jevons__Jevons  #Charles_Franklin_Peirce__Peirce__Charles_Peirce  #Willard_Van_Orman_Quine__Quine  #Bertrand_Arthur_William_Russell__Russell__russell__Bertrand_Russell__Earl_Russell  #John_Venn__Venn
                       subtype:  #mnemonist  an expert in the use of mnemonics; someone able to perform unusual feats of memory
                       subtype:  #mythologist  an expert on mythology
                          instance:  #Joseph_Campbell__Campbell
                       subtype:  #observer__commentator  an expert who observes and comments on something
                          subtype:  #annotator  a commentator who writes notes to a text
                       subtype:  #out-and-outer__outandouter  (slang) someone who is excellent at something
                       subtype:  #parliamentarian  an expert in parliamentary rules and procedures
                          instance:  #Henry_Martin_Robert__Robert
                       subtype:  #past_master  someone who has long and thorough experience in a given activity
                       subtype:  #prosthetist  an expert in prosthetics
                       subtype:  #scout__pathfinder__guide  someone who can find paths through unexplored territory
                          subtype:  #hunting_guide__huntingguide  guide to people hunting in unfamiliar territory
                       subtype:  #shark.expert  a person who is unusually skilled in certain ways; "a card shark"
                       subtype:  #shot.expert__shooter  a person who shoots (as regards their ability); "he is a crack shot"; "a poor shooter"
                          subtype:  #marksman__sharpshooter__crack_shot__crackshot  someone skilled in shooting
                             subtype:  #franc-tireur__franctireur  a sharpshooter (in the French army)
                             subtype:  #rifleman  someone skilled in the use of a rifle
                             subtype:  #sniper  a marksman who shoots at people from a concealed place
                          subtype:  #gunman__gun  a person who shoots a gun (as regards their ability)
                          subtype:  #trapshooter  a person who engages in shooting at clay pigeons that are hurled into the air by a trap
                       subtype:  #specialist__specializer  an expert who is devoted to one occupation or branch of learning
                          subtype:  #enologist__oenologist__fermentologist  a specialist in wine making
                          subtype:  #attache  a specialist assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission
                             subtype:  #cultural_attache  an attache who is a specialist in cultural matters
                             subtype:  #military_attache  an attache who is a specialist in military matters
                          subtype:  #canonist  a specialist in canon law
                          subtype:  #criminologist  a specialist in criminology
                             instance:  #Alphonse_Bertillon__Bertillon
                          subtype:  #dietician__dietitian__nutritionist  a specialist in the study of nutrition
                          subtype:  #educationist__educationalist  a specialist in the theory of education
                          subtype:  #fingerprint_expert__fingerprintexpert__fingerprint_specialist__fingerprintspecialist__fingerprint_man__fingerprintman  a specialist in identifying fingerprints
                          subtype:  #graphologist__handwriting_expert__handwritingexpert  a specialist in inferring character from handwriting
                          subtype:  #interior_designer__designer__interior_decorator__house_decorator__housedecorator__room_decorator__decorator  a person who specializes in designing architectural interiors and their furnishings
                             instance:  #Charles_Eames__Eames
                          subtype:  #meteorologist  a specialist who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause weather conditions
                             subtype:  #weatherman__weather_forecaster__weatherforecaster  predicts the weather
                          subtype:  #optometrist__oculist  a person skilled in testing for defects of vision in order to prescribe corrective glasses
                          subtype:  #orientalist  a specialist in oriental subjects
                          subtype:  #tree_surgeon__arborist  a specialist in treating damaged trees
                       subtype:  #talent  a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity
                       subtype:  #technician.expert  someone known for high skill in some intellectual or artistic technique
                       subtype:  #therapist__healer  a person skilled in a particular type of therapy
                          subtype:  #naprapath  a therapist who practices naprapathy
                          subtype:  #alleviator  a therapist who makes suffering more endurable
                          subtype:  #chiropractor  a therapist who practices chiropractic
                          subtype:  #electrotherapist  someone who specializes in the treatment of disease by electricity
                          subtype:  #herbalist__herbdoctor  a therapist who heals by the use of herbs
                          subtype:  #naturopath  a therapist who practices naturopathy
                          subtype:  #osteopath__osteopathist  a therapist who manipulates the skeleton and muscles
                          subtype:  #physical_therapist__physiotherapist  therapist who treats injury or dysfunction with exercises and other physical treatments of the disorder
                             subtype:  #massager  someone who rubs or kneads parts of the body to stimulate circulation and promote relaxation
                                subtype:  #masseur  a male massager
                                subtype:  #masseuse  a female massager
                          subtype:  #psychotherapist__clinical_psychologist  a therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
                          subtype:  #speech_therapist  a therapist who treats speech defects and disorders
                       subtype:  #old-timer__oldtimer__veteran__old_hand__oldhand__warhorse__old_stager__oldstager__stager  an experienced person; someone who has given long service
                    subtype:  #face.person  (synecdoche) a part of a person that is used to refer to a person; "he looked out at a roomful of faces"; "when he returned to work he met many new faces"
                    subtype:  #good_person  a person who is good to other people
                       subtype:  #benefactor__helper  a person who helps people or institutions
                          subtype:  #benefactress  a woman benefactor
                          subtype:  #bondsman__bondswoman  someone who signs a bond as surety for someone else
                          subtype:  #donor.benefactor__giver__presenter  person who makes a gift of property
                             subtype:  #abnegator  one who gives up or relinquishes or renounces something
                             subtype:  #almsgiver  a person who gives alms
                             subtype:  #Indian_giver  one who ask you to return the present he has given you
                             subtype:  #philanthropist__altruist  someone who makes charitable donations intended to increase human well-being
                                instance:  #Andrew_Carnegie__Carnegie  #Peter_Cooper__Cooper  #Ezra_Cornell__Cornell  #Solomon_Guggenheim__Guggenheim  #John_Harvard__Harvard  #Milton_Snavely_Hershey__Hershey  #Hopkins__Johns_Hopkins  #Andrew_William_Mellon__Mellon__Andrew_Mellon__Andrew_W._Mellon  #Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel__Nobel__Alfred_Nobel  #First_Viscount_Nuffield__Nuffield__William_Richard_Morris  #John_Davison_Rockefeller__Rockefeller__John_D._Rockefeller  #Cornelius_Vanderbilt__Vanderbilt__Commodore_VAnderbilt  #Elihu_Yale__Yale
                             subtype:  #subscriber__contributor  someone who contributes (or promises to contribute) a sum of money
                             subtype:  #subsidizer__subsidiser  someone who assists or supports by giving a subsidy
                             subtype:  #tipper  a person who leaves a tip; "a generous tipper"
                          subtype:  #donor  (medicine) someone who gives blood or tissue or an organ to be used in another person (the host)
                             subtype:  #blood_donor  someone who gives blood to be used for transfusions
                                subtype:  #universal_donor  a person whose type O Rh-negative blood may be safely transfused into persons with other blood types
                             subtype:  #organ_donor__organdonor  someone from whom an organ is taken for transplantation
                          subtype:  #good_Samaritan__Samaritan  a person who voluntarily offers help or sympathy in times of trouble
                          subtype:  #humanitarian__do-gooder__improver  someone devoted to the promotion of human welfare and to social reforms
                          subtype:  #liberator  someone who releases people from captivity or bondage
                             subtype:  #emancipator__manumitter  someone who frees others from bondage; "Lincoln is known as the Great Emancipator"
                          subtype:  #obliger__accommodator  someone who performs a service or does a favor
                          subtype:  #offerer__offeror  someone who presents something to another for acceptance or rejection
                          subtype:  #patron__sponsor__supporter  someone who supports or champions something
                             subtype:  #backer__angel  invests in a theatrical production
                             subtype:  #godfather  someone having a relation analogous to that of a male sponsor to his godchild
                             subtype:  #godparent  a person who sponsors someone (the godchild) at baptism
                                subtype:  #godfather.godparent  any man who serves as a sponsor for a child at baptism
                                subtype:  #godmother  any woman who serves as a sponsor for a child at baptism
                             subtype:  #guarantor__surety__warrantor__warranter  one who provides a warrant or guarantee to another
                             subtype:  #patroness__patrones  a woman who is a patron
                          subtype:  #provider  someone who provides the means for subsistence
                          subtype:  #savior__saviour__rescuer__deliverer  a person who rescues you from harm or danger
                             subtype:  #messiah__christ  any expected deliverer
                          subtype:  #sparer  someone who refrains from injuring or destroying
                          subtype:  #uncle.benefactor  a source of help and advice and encouragement; "he played uncle to lonely students"
                       subtype:  #brick.good_person  a good fellow; helpful and trustworthy
                       subtype:  #giver  someone who devotes themselves completely; "there are no greater givers than those who give themselves"
                       subtype:  #plaster_saint__plastersaint  a person (considered to be) without human failings; "he's no plaster saint"
                       subtype:  #holy_man__saint__holy_person__angel  person of exceptional holiness
                          subtype:  #Buddha  one who has achieved a state of perfect enlightenment
                          subtype:  #fakir__fakeer__faqir__faquir  a Muslim or Hindu mendicant monk who is regarded as a holy man
                             subtype:  #dervish  an ascetic Muslim monk; a member of an order noted for devotional exercises involving bodily movements
                                subtype:  #whirling_dervish__whirler  a dervish whose actions include ecstatic dancing and whirling
                       subtype:  #square_shooter__straight_shooter__straight_arrow  a frank and honest person
                       subtype:  #sweetheart  any well-liked individual; "he's a sweetheart"
                    subtype:  #individualist  a person who pursues independent thought or action
                       subtype:  #dropout.individualist  someone who withdraws from a social group or environment
                       subtype:  #loner__lone_wolf__lone_hand  a person who avoids the company or assistance of others
                          subtype:  #hermit__recluse__solitudinarian__troglodyte  one who lives in solitude
                             instance:  #John_the_Baptist
                       subtype:  #mugwump__independent  a neutral or uncommitted person (especially in politics)
                       subtype:  #night_owl__nightowl__nighthawk__nightbird  a person who likes to be active late at night
                       subtype:  #nudist__naturist  a person who practices nudity for reasons of health or religion
                       subtype:  #withdrawer.individualist  an individualist who withdraws from social interaction
                    subtype:  #inhabitant__dweller__denizen  a person who inhabits a particular place
                       subtype:  #Australian__Aussie  a native or inhabitant of Australia
                          subtype:  #Australian_Aborigine__Aborigine__Abo__Aboriginal__native_Australian  a dark-skinned member of a race of people living in Australia when Europeans arrived
                          subtype:  pm#Australian_researcher
                             instance:  nataliya@dstc.edu.au  p.eklund@gu.edu.au  peter.deer@dsto.defence.gov.au  r.cole@gu.edu.au  t.tilley@gu.edu.au  daniel.goodburn@dsto.defence.gov.au
                       subtype:  #Austronesian  a native or inhabitant of Austronesia
                          subtype:  #Nauruan  a native or inhabitant of Nauru
                          subtype:  #Polynesian  a native or inhabitant of Polynesia
                             subtype:  #Fijian.Polynesian__fijian  a native or inhabitant of Fiji
                             subtype:  #Samoan  a native or inhabitant of the Samoan Islands
                             subtype:  #Tahitian.Polynesian__tahitian  a native or inhabitant of Tahiti
                             subtype:  #Tongan  a native or inhabitant of Tonga
                       subtype:  #New_Zealander  a native or inhabitant of New Zealand
                       subtype:  #American  a native or inhabitant of the United States
                          subtype:  #African-American__Afro-American  an American whose ancestors were born in Africa
                          subtype:  #Creole  a person descended from French ancestors in southern United States especially Louisiana
                          subtype:  #Anglo-American  an American who was born in England or whose ancestors were English
                          subtype:  #Alabaman__Alabamian  a resident of Alabama
                          subtype:  #Alaskan  a resident of Alaska
                          subtype:  #Arizonan__Arizonian  a resident of Arizona
                          subtype:  #Arkansan__Arkansawyer  a resident of Arkansas
                          subtype:  #Bay_Stater  a resident of Massachusetts
                          subtype:  #Californian  a resident of California
                          subtype:  #Carolinian  a resident of the Carolinas
                          subtype:  #Coloradan  a resident of Colorado
                          subtype:  #Connecticuter  a resident of Connecticut
                          subtype:  #Delawarean__Delawarian  a resident of Delaware
                          subtype:  #Floridian  a resident of Florida
                          subtype:  #Franco-American  an American who was born in France or whose ancestors were French
                          subtype:  #German_American  an American who was born in Germany or whose ancestors were German
                          subtype:  #Georgian  a resident of the American state of Georgia
                          subtype:  #Hawaiian.American__hawaiian  a resident of Hawaii
                          subtype:  #Idahoan  a resident of Idaho
                          subtype:  #Illinoisan  a resident of Illinois
                          subtype:  #Indianan__Hoosier  a resident of Indiana
                          subtype:  #Iowan  a resident of Iowa
                          subtype:  #Kansan  a resident of Kansas
                          subtype:  #Kentuckian  a resident of Kentucky
                          subtype:  #Louisianan__Louisianian  a resident of Louisiana
                          subtype:  #Mainer__Down_Easter  a resident of Maine
                          subtype:  #Michigander__Wolverine  a resident of Michigan
                          subtype:  #Minnesotan  a resident of Minnesota
                          subtype:  #Mississippian  a resident of Mississippi
                          subtype:  #Missourian  a resident of Missouri
                          subtype:  #Montanan  a resident of Montana
                          subtype:  #Nebraskan__Cornhusker  a resident of Nebraska
                          subtype:  #Nevadan  a resident of Nevada
                          subtype:  #New_Hampshirite  a resident of New Hampshire
                          subtype:  #New_Yorker  a resident of New York
                             subtype:  #East-sider  a resident of the east side of Manhattan in New York City
                             subtype:  #West-sider  a resident of the west side of Manhattan in New York City
                          subtype:  #North_Carolinian  a resident of North Carolina
                          subtype:  #North_Dakotan  a resident of North Dakota
                          subtype:  #Ohioan__Buckeye  a resident of Ohio
                          subtype:  #Oregonian  a resident of Oregon
                          subtype:  #Pennsylvanian  a resident of Pennsylvania
                          subtype:  #Rhode_Islander  a resident of Rhode Island
                          subtype:  #South_Carolinian  a resident of South Carolina
                          subtype:  #South_Dakotan  a resident of South Dakota
                          subtype:  #Tennessean  a resident of Tennessee
                          subtype:  #Texan  a resident of Texas
                          subtype:  #Utahan  a resident of Utah
                          subtype:  #Vermonter  a resident of Vermont
                          subtype:  #Virginian  a resident of Virginia
                          subtype:  #Washingtonian  a resident of the state of Washington
                          subtype:  #Washingtonian.American__washingtonian  a resident of the city of Washington
                          subtype:  #West_Virginian  a resident of West Virginia
                          subtype:  #Wisconsinite  a resident of Wisconsin
                          subtype:  #Wyomingite  a resident of Wyoming
                          subtype:  #Puerto_Rican  a resident of Puerto Rico
                          subtype:  #Yankee-Doodle__Yankee__Yank  an American
                          subtype:  #New_Englander__Yankee__Yank  an American who lives in New England
                          subtype:  #Yankee__Yank__Northerner  an American who lives in the North (especially during the American Civil War)
                             subtype:  #Federal_soldier__Federal__Union_soldier  a member of the Union Army during the American Civil War
                          subtype:  #Southerner  an American who lives in the South
                             subtype:  #Confederate  a supporter of the Confederate States of America
                                subtype:  #Confederate_soldier  a soldier in the Army of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
                                   subtype:  #bushwhacker  a Confederate guerrilla during the American Civil War
                                   subtype:  #Rebel__Reb__Johnny_Reb__Johnny__grayback  (informal) `johnny' was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; `grayback' derived from their gray Confederate uniforms
                          subtype:  #Spanish_American__Hispanic_American__Hispanic__Latino  an American whose first language was Spanish
                          subtype:  #Tory  an American who favored the British side during the American Revolution
                       subtype:  #Alsatian  a native or inhabitant of Alsace
                       subtype:  #borderer  an inhabitant of a border area (especially the border between Scotland and England)
                       subtype:  #cottager__cottage_dweller  someone who lives in a cottage
                       subtype:  #easterner  an inhabitant of an eastern area; especially of the U.S.
                       subtype:  #islander__island-dweller  an inhabitant of an island
                       subtype:  #landlubber__landsman__landman  a person who lives and works on land
                       subtype:  #liver.inhabitant  someone who lives in a place; "a liver in cities"
                       subtype:  #Northerner  an inhabitant of the North
                       subtype:  #Occidental  a native inhabitant of the Occident
                       subtype:  #Philistine  a non-Semitic inhabitant of ancient Philistia
                       subtype:  #plainsman  an inhabitant of a plains region (especially the Great Plains of North America)
                       subtype:  #resident__occupant__occupier  someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there
                          subtype:  #Latin_American__Spanish_American  a resident of Latin America
                             subtype:  #spic__spik__spick  ethnic slur; offensive terms for persons of Latin American descent
                             subtype:  #criollo.Latin_American  a Spanish American of pure European stock (usually Spanish); "Mexico is a country of mestizos, criollos, and indigenes"
                          subtype:  #coaster.resident  a resident of a coastal area
                          subtype:  #colonial  a resident of a colony
                          subtype:  #dalesman  a person who lives in the dales of Northern England
                          subtype:  #Galilean__Galilaean  a resident of Galilee (an epithet of Jesus Christ)
                          subtype:  #inmate  one of several resident of a dwelling (especially someone confined to a prison or hospital)
                          subtype:  #metropolitan  a person who lives in a metropolis
                          subtype:  #outlier.resident  a person who lives away from his place of work
                          subtype:  #owner-occupier__owneroccupier  a occupant who owns the home that he/she lives in
                          subtype:  #sojourner  a temporary resident
                          subtype:  #stater  a resident of a particular state or group of states; "Keystone stater"; "farm staters"
                          subtype:  #suburbanite  a resident of a suburb
                          subtype:  #tenant.resident  any occupant who dwells in a place
                          subtype:  #towner__townsman  a resident of a town or city
                             subtype:  #townee  (Brit; informal) townsman unacquainted with country life especially a slick and flashy male city dweller
                             subtype:  #townie__towny  resident of a college town not affiliated with the college
                       subtype:  #tellurian__earthling__earthman  an inhabitant of the earth
                       subtype:  #Trinidadian  inhabitant or native of Trinidad
                       subtype:  #villager  one who has lived in a village most of their life
                       subtype:  #westerner  an inhabitant of a western area; especially of the U.S.
                    subtype:  #native__indigen__indigene  a person who was born in a particular place; an indigenous person
                       subtype:  #Levantine  (formerly) a native or inhabitant of the Levant
                       subtype:  #Mauritian  a native or inhabitant of Mauritius
                       subtype:  #Filipino  a native or inhabitant of the Philippines
                          subtype:  #Tagalog.Filipino__tagalog  a member of a people native to the Philippines chiefly inhabiting central Luzon around and including Manila
                          subtype:  #Visayan__Bisayan  a member of the most numerous indigenous people of the Philippines
                             subtype:  #Cebuan  inhabitant of the island of Cebu; a member of the Visayan people of the Philippines
                       subtype:  #Russian  a native or inhabitant of Russia
                          subtype:  #Tatar.Russian__tatar  a member of the Turkic-speaking people living from the Volga to the Ural Mountains (the name has been attributed to many other groups)
                          subtype:  #Votyak__Udmurt  a member of the Finno-Ugric-speaking people living in eastern European Russia
                          subtype:  #Komi  a member of a Finnish people living in the northwestern Urals in Russia
                          subtype:  #Cheremiss__Cheremis__Mari  a member of a rural Finnish people living in eastern Russia
                          subtype:  #Inger__Ingrian__Ingerman  a member of western Finnish people formerly living in the Baltic province where Saint Petersburg was built
                          subtype:  #Carelian__Karelian  a member of the Finnish people living in Karelia in northwestern European Russia
                          subtype:  #Ostyak__Khanty  a member of the nomadic Ugrian people living in northwestern Siberia (east of the Ural mountains)
                          subtype:  #Mordvin__Mordva__Mordvinian  a member of the agricultural people living in the central Volga provinces of European Russia
                          subtype:  #Nganasan.Russian__nganasan  a member of the Samoyedic people living on the Taimyr peninsula in Siberia
                          subtype:  #Ostyak-Samoyed__Selkup  one of the people of mixed Ostyak and Samoyed origin in Siberia
                          subtype:  #Samoyed  a Samoyedic-speaking person in northwestern Siberia
                          subtype:  #Vepse__Veps__Vepsian  a member of a Finnish people of Russia
                          subtype:  #Vogul__Mansi  a member of a nomadic people of the northern Ural mountains
                          subtype:  #Yeniseian  a member of one of the groups living in the Yenisei river valley in western Siberia
                          subtype:  #Great_Russian  a member of the chief East Slavonic people of Soviet Russia
                          subtype:  #Muscovite  a resident of Moscow
                          subtype:  #Georgian.Russian__georgian  a native or inhabitant of Asian Georgia
                          subtype:  #Siberian  a native or inhabitant of Siberia
                       subtype:  #Seychellois  a native or inhabitant of Seychelles
                       subtype:  #American.native__american  a native or inhabitant of America
                          subtype:  #Creole.American__creole  a person of European descent born in the West Indies or Spanish America
                          subtype:  #North_American  a native or inhabitant of North America
                             subtype:  #Bermudan__Bermudian  a native or inhabitant of Bermuda
                             subtype:  #Canadian  a native or inhabitant of Canada
                                subtype:  #French_Canadian  a Canadian descended from early French settlers and whose native language is French
                                   subtype:  #Acadian  an early French settler in the Maritimes
                                      subtype:  #Cajun  a Louisianian descended from Acadian immigrants from Nova Scotia (`Cajun' comes from `Acadian')
                                   subtype:  #Canuck  US slang for Canadians in general and French Canadians in particular
                             subtype:  #Central_American  a native or inhabitant of Central America
                                subtype:  #Costa_Rican  a native or inhabitant of Costa Rica
                                subtype:  #Guatemalan  a native or inhabitant of Guatemala
                                subtype:  #Honduran  a native or inhabitant of Honduras
                                subtype:  #Mexican  a native of inhabitant of Mexico
                                   subtype:  #greaser__wetback__taco  ethnic slur; offensive terms for a person of Mexican descent
                                   subtype:  #Mexican-American__Mexicano  a Mexican (or person of Mexican descent) living in the United States
                                subtype:  #Nicaraguan  a native or inhabitant of Nicaragua
                                subtype:  #Panamanian  a native or inhabitant of Panama
                          subtype:  #South_American  a native or inhabitant of South America
                             subtype:  #Argentinian  a native or inhabitant of Argentina
                             subtype:  #Bolivian  a native or inhabitant of Bolivia
                             subtype:  #Brazilian  a native or inhabitant of Brazil
                                subtype:  #Carioca  a native or inhabitant of Rio de Janeiro
                             subtype:  #Chilean  a native or inhabitant of Chile
                             subtype:  #Colombian  a native or inhabitant of Colombia
                             subtype:  #Ecuadorian__Ecuadoran  a native or inhabitant of Ecuador
                             subtype:  #Salvadoran__Salvadorian__Salvadorean  a native or inhabitant of El Salvador
                             subtype:  #Guyanese  a native or inhabitant of Guyana
                             subtype:  #Paraguayan  a native or inhabitant of Paraguay
                             subtype:  #Peruvian  a native or inhabitant of Peru
                             subtype:  #Uruguayan  a native or inhabitant of Uruguay
                             subtype:  #Venezuelan  a native or inhabitant of Venezuela
                          subtype:  #West_Indian  a native or inhabitant of the West Indies
                             subtype:  #Anguillan  a native or inhabitant of the island of Anguilla in the West Indies
                             subtype:  #Antiguan  a native or inhabitant of Antigua
                             subtype:  #Bahamian  a native or inhabitant of the Bahamas
                             subtype:  #Barbadian  a native or inhabitant of Barbados
                             subtype:  #Cuban  a native or inhabitant of Cuba
                             subtype:  #Haitian  a native or inhabitant of Haiti
                             subtype:  #Jamaican  a native or inhabitant of Jamaica
                             subtype:  #Montserratian  a native or inhabitant of Montserrat
                             subtype:  #Grenadian  a native or inhabitant of Grenada
                             subtype:  #Tobagonian  a native or inhabitant of the island of Tobago in the West Indies
                    subtype:  #innocent__inexperienced_person__inexperiencedperson  a person who lacks knowledge of evil
                    subtype:  #intellectual__intellect  a person who uses the mind creatively
                    subtype:  #juvenile_person__juvenile  a youthful person
                    subtype:  #lover  a person who loves or is loved
                    subtype:  #leader  a person who rules or guides or inspires others
                    subtype:  #money_handler__moneyhandler__money_dealer__moneydealer  a person who receives or invests or pays out money
                    subtype:  #national__subject  a person who owes allegiance to that nation; "a monarch has a duty to his subjects"
                    subtype:  #nonreligious_person  a person who does not manifest devotion to a deity
                    subtype:  #nonworker  a person who does nothing
                    subtype:  #peer__equal__match__compeer  a person who is of equal standing with another in a group
                    subtype:  #perceiver__observer__beholder  a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses
                    subtype:  #precursor__forerunner  a person who goes before or announces the coming of another
                    subtype:  #primitive_person__primitiveperson__primitive  a person who belongs to early stage of civilization
                    subtype:  #religionist__religious_person__religiousperson  a person who manifests devotion to a deity
                    subtype:  #sensualist  a person who enjoys sensuality
                    subtype:  #traveler__traveller  a person who changes location
                    subtype:  #unfortunate_person__unfortunateperson__unfortunate  a person who suffers misfortune
                    subtype:  #unwelcome_person__unwelcomeperson__persona_non_grata  a person who for some reason is not wanted or welcome
                    subtype:  #unskilled_person__unskilledperson  a person who lacks technical training
                    subtype:  #worker  a person who works at a specific job; "he is a good worker"
                    subtype:  #African  a native or inhabitant of Africa
                    subtype:  #person_of_color__person_of_colour  (formal) any non-European non-White person
                    subtype:  #White__white_person__whiteperson__Caucasian  a member of the Caucasoid race
                    subtype:  #Slav  any member of the people of Eastern Europe or Russian Asia who speak a Slavonic language
                    subtype:  #Gentile  a person who is not a member of one's own religion; used in this sense by Mormons and Hindus
                    subtype:  #Jew__Hebrew__Israelite  a person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties
                    subtype:  #European  a person of European nationality
                    subtype:  #abstinent__abstainer__nondrinker  a person who refrains from drinking intoxicating beverages
                    subtype:  #achiever__winner__success__succes  a person with a record of successes; "his son would never be the achiever that his father was"; "only winners need apply"; "if you want to be a success you have to dress like a success"
                    subtype:  #acquaintance__friend  a person with whom you are acquainted; "I have trouble remembering the names of all my acquaintances"; "we are friends of the family"
                    subtype:  #acquirer  a person who acquires something (usually permanently)
                    subtype:  #actor__doer__worker  a person who acts and gets things done; "he's a principal actor in this affair"; "when you want something done get a doer"; "he's a miracle worker"
                    subtype:  #adjudicator  a person who adjudicates
                    subtype:  #admirer  a person who admires; someone who esteems or respects or approves
                    subtype:  #adversary__antagonist__opponent__opposer  someone who offers opposition
                    subtype:  #advisee  someone who receives advice
                    subtype:  #advocator__advocate__proponent__exponent  a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea
                    subtype:  #affiant  a person who makes an affidavit
                    subtype:  #amateur  someone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime
                    subtype:  #apprehender  a person who seizes or arrests (especially a person who seizes or arrests in the name of justice)
                    subtype:  #appreciator  a person who is fully aware of something and understand it; "he is not an appreciator of our dilemma"
                    subtype:  #arrogator  a person who through conceit makes pretentious claims to rights or advantages that he or she is not entitled to or to qualities that he or she does not possess
                    subtype:  #authority  (usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others; "the authorities have issued a curfew"
                    subtype:  #autodidact  a person who is self-taught
                    subtype:  #baby_boomer__boomer  a member of the baby boom generation in the 1950s; "they expanded the schools for a generation of baby boomers"
                    subtype:  #baby_buster__buster  a person born in the generation following the baby boom when the birth rate fell dramatically
                    subtype:  #baldhead__baldpate__baldy  a person whose head is bald
                    subtype:  #balker__baulker  a person who refuses to comply
                    subtype:  #bullfighter  someone who fights bulls
                    subtype:  #bather  a person who takes a bath
                    subtype:  #bedfellow  a person with whom you share a bed
                    subtype:  #best.person  the person who is most outstanding or excellent; "he could beat the best of them"
                    subtype:  #biter  someone who bites
                    subtype:  #blond__blonde  a person with fair skin and hair
                    subtype:  #bodybuilder__musclebuilder  someone who does special exercises to develop the musculature
                    subtype:  #bomber.person  a person who plants bombs
                    subtype:  #brunet__brunette  a person with dark (brown) hair
                    subtype:  #buster  a person (or thing) that breaks up or overpowers something; "dam buster"; "sanction buster"; crime buster"
                    subtype:  #candidate__prospect  someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)
                    subtype:  #case.person  a person requiring professional services; "a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor"
                    subtype:  #celebrator__celebrant__celebrater  a person who is celebrating
                    subtype:  #charmer  a person who charms others (usually by personal attractiveness)
                    subtype:  #child.person__baby  an immature childish person; "he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived"; "stop being a baby!"
                    subtype:  #clumsy_person  a person with poor motor coordination
                    subtype:  #aggregator__collector  a person who collects things
                    subtype:  #combatant__battler__belligerent__fighter  someone who fights (or is fighting)
                    subtype:  #complexifier  someone makes things complex
                    subtype:  #compulsive  a person with a compulsive disposition; someone who feels compelled to do certain things
                    subtype:  #copycat__imitator__emulator__ape__aper  someone who copies the words or behavior of another
                    subtype:  #crawler__creeper  a person who crawls or creeps along the ground
                    subtype:  #wight__creature  a human being; `wight' is an archaic term
                    subtype:  #social_dancer__dancer  a person who participates in a social gathering arranged for dancing (as a ball)
                    subtype:  #dead_person__dead_soul__deceased_person__deceased__decedent__departed  someone who is no longer alive; "I wonder what the dead person would have done"
                    subtype:  #debaser__degrader  a person who lowers the quality or character or value (as by adding cheaper metal to coins)
                    subtype:  #defecator__voider__shitter  a person who defecates
                    subtype:  #delayer  a person who delays; to put off until later or cause to be late
                    subtype:  #deliverer  a person who gives up or transfers money or goods
                    subtype:  #demander  a person who makes demands
                    subtype:  #dichromat  a person with any of the various forms of dichromacy
                    subtype:  #differentiator__discriminator  a person who differentiates
                    subtype:  #disentangler__unraveler__unraveller  a person who removes tangles; someone who takes something out of a tangled state
                    subtype:  #dissenter__dissident__protester__objector__contestant  a person who dissents from some established policy
                    subtype:  #divider  a person who separates something into parts or groups
                    subtype:  #look-alike__double__image  someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor); "he could be Gingrich's double"; "she's the very image of her mother"
                    subtype:  #dresser.person  a person who dresses in a particular way; "she's an elegant dresser"; "he's a meticulous dresser"
                    subtype:  #driveller__dribbler__slobberer__drooler  a person who dribbles; "that baby is a dribbler; he needs a bib"
                    subtype:  #drug_user__substance_abuser__substanceabuser__user  a person who takes drugs
                    subtype:  #ectomorph  a person with a thin non-muscular body
                    subtype:  #effecter__effector  one who brings about a result or event; one who accomplishes a purpose
                    subtype:  #Elizabethan  a person who lived during the reign of Elizabeth I; "William Shakespeare was an Elizabethan"
                    subtype:  #emotional_person__emotionalperson  a person subject to strong states of emotion
                    subtype:  #endomorph  a heavy person with a soft and rounded body
                    subtype:  #enjoyer  a person who delights in having or using or experiencing something
                    subtype:  #explorer__adventurer  someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)
                    subtype:  #faddist  a person who subscribes to a variety of fads
                    subtype:  #faller  a person who falls; "one of them was safe but they were unable to save the faller"; "a faller among thieves"
                    subtype:  #fastener  a person who fastens or makes fast; "he found the door fastened and wondered who the fastener was"
                    subtype:  #fiduciary  a person who holds assets in trust for a beneficiary; "it is illegal for a fiduciary to misappropriate money for personal gain"
                    subtype:  #first-rater__firstrater  one who is first-rate
                    subtype:  #follower  an ordinary person who accepts the leadership of another
                    subtype:  #free_spirit__free_agent__freewheeler  someone acting freely or even irresponsibly
                    subtype:  #friend  a person you know well and regard with affection and trust; "he was my best friend at the university"
                    subtype:  #fugitive__runaway  someone who flees from an uncongenial situation; "fugitives from the seatshops"
                    subtype:  #gainer  a person who gains (gains an advantage or gains profits); "she was clearly the gainer in that exchange"
                    subtype:  #weight_gainer__gainer  a person who gains weight
                    subtype:  #gambler  a person who wagers money on the outcome of games or sporting events
                    subtype:  #gatherer  a person who gathers; "they were a society of hunters and gatherers"
                    subtype:  #good_guy  any person who is on your side
                    subtype:  #bad_guy__badguy  any person who is not on your side
                    subtype:  #granter  a person who grants or gives something
                    subtype:  #greeter__saluter__welcomer  a person who greets; "the newcomers were met by smiling greeters"
                    subtype:  #grinner  a person who grins
                    subtype:  #groaner  a person who groans
                    subtype:  #grunter  a person who grunts
                    subtype:  #guesser  a person who guesses
                    subtype:  #handicapped_person__handicappedperson  a person who has some handicap that interferes with normal functions
                    subtype:  #hater  a person who hates
                    subtype:  #heterosexual_person__heterosexual__straight_person__straight  a heterosexual person; someone having a sexual orientation to persons of the opposite sex
                    subtype:  #homosexual__homo__gay  someone who practices homosexuality; having a sexual attraction to persons of the same sex
                    subtype:  #homunculus  a tiny fully formed individual that (according to the discredited theory of preformation) is supposed to be present in the sperm cell
                    subtype:  #hope.person  someone (or something) on which expectations are centered; "he was their best hope for a victory"
                    subtype:  #hoper  a person who hopes; "only an avid hoper could expect the team to win now"
                    subtype:  #huddler  a person who crouches; "low huddlers against the wind"
                    subtype:  #hugger  a person who hugs
                    subtype:  #idler__loafer__do-nothing__layabout__bum  person who does no work
                    subtype:  #immune  a person who is immune to a particular infection
                    subtype:  #interpreter  someone who uses art to represent something; "his paintings reveal a sensitive interpreter of nature"; "she was famous as an interpreter of Shakespearean roles"
                    subtype:  #jewel__gem  a person who is a brilliant and precious as a piece of jewelry
                    subtype:  #slayer__killer  someone who causes the death of a person or animal
                    subtype:  #relative__relation  a person related by blood or marriage; "police are searching for relatives of the deceased"; "he has distant relations back in New Jersey"
                    subtype:  #kneeler.person  a person in a kneeling position
                    subtype:  #knocker  a person who knocks (as seeking to gain admittance); "open the door and see who the knocker is"
                    subtype:  #knower__apprehender  a person who knows or apprehends
                    subtype:  #large_person__largeperson  a person of greater than average size
                    subtype:  #laugher  a person who is laughing or who laughs easily
                    subtype:  #learner__assimilator  someone (especially a child) who learns (as from a teacher) or takes up knowledge or beliefs
                    subtype:  #left-hander__lefty__southpaw  a person who uses the left hand with greater skill than the right; "their pitcher was a southpaw"
                    subtype:  #life.person  a living person; "his heroism saved a life"
                    subtype:  #lightning_rod__lightningrod  someone who is a frequent target of negative reactions and serves to distract attention from another
                    subtype:  #polyglot__linguist  a person who speaks more than one language
                    subtype:  #literate_person__literate  a person who can read and write
                    subtype:  #liver.person  a person who has a special life style; "a high liver"
                    subtype:  #longer__thirster__yearner  a person with a strong desire for something; "a longer for money"; "a thirster after blood"; "a yearner for knowledge"
                    subtype:  #loose_cannon__loosecannon  a person who is expected to perform a particular task but who is out of control and dangerous
                    subtype:  #machine.person  an efficient person; "the boxer was a magnificent fighting machine"
                    subtype:  #mailer.person  a person who mails something
                    subtype:  #malcontent  a person who is discontented or disgusted
                    subtype:  #human_being__humanbeing__man  the generic use of the word to refer to any human being; "it was every man for himself"
                    subtype:  #manipulator  a person who handles things manually
                    subtype:  #man_jack__manjack  a single individual; "every man jack"
                    subtype:  #masturbator  a person who practices masturbation
                    subtype:  #measurer  a person who makes measurements
                    subtype:  #nonmember  a person who is not a member
                    subtype:  #mesomorph  a person with a well-developed muscular body
                    subtype:  #mestizo  a person of mixed racial ancestry (especially mixed European and Native American ancestry)
                    subtype:  #middlebrow  (informal) someone who is neither a highbrow nor a lowbrow
                    subtype:  #miracle_man__miracleman__miracle_worker__miracleworker  a person who claims or is alleged to perform miracles
                    subtype:  #misogamist  a person who hates marriage
                    subtype:  #mixed-blood__mixedblood  a person whose ancestors belonged to two or more races
                    subtype:  #modern  a contemporary person
                    subtype:  #mutilator__maimer__mangler  a person who mutilates or destroys or disfigures or cripples
                    subtype:  #namer  a person who gives a name or names; "the owner is usually the namer of a boat"
                    subtype:  #namesake  a person with the same name as another
                    subtype:  #neglecter  a person who is neglectful and gives little attention or respect to people or responsibilities; "he tried vainly to impress his neglecters"
                    subtype:  #neighbor__neighbour  a person who lives (or is located) near another
                    subtype:  #neutral  one who does not side with any party in a war or dispute
                    subtype:  #nondescript  a person is not easily classified and not very interesting
                    subtype:  #nonparticipant  a person who does not participate
                    subtype:  #nonsmoker  a person who does not smoke tobacco
                    subtype:  #nude_person__nude  a naked person
                    subtype:  #nurser  a person who treats something carefully; "a great nurser of pennies"
                    subtype:  #occultist  some who practices the occult arts
                    subtype:  #old_maid.person__oldmaid  a person who is primly fastidious
                    subtype:  #outcaste  a person belonging to no caste
                    subtype:  #outdoorsman  a person who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting or fishing)
                    subtype:  #owner__possessor  a person who owns something; "they are searching for the owner of the car"; "who is the owner of that friendly smile?"
                    subtype:  #pamperer__spoiler  someone who pampers or spoils by excessive indulgence
                    subtype:  #forgiver__pardoner__excuser  a person who pardons or forgives or excuses a fault or offense
                    subtype:  #partner  a person who is a member of a partnership
                    subtype:  #party.person  a person involved in legal proceedings; "the party of the first part"
                    subtype:  #passer.person  a person who passes as a member of a different ethnic or racial group
                    subtype:  #personage  another word for person; a person not meriting identification; "a strange personage appeared at the door"
                    subtype:  #personification.person  one who personifies an abstract quality
                    subtype:  #perspirer__sweater  a person who perspires
                    subtype:  #philosopher.person  a wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity
                    subtype:  #chooser__picker__selector  a person who chooses or selects out
                    subtype:  #urinator__pisser  a person who urinates
                    subtype:  #planner__contriver__deviser  a person who makes plans
                    subtype:  #powderer  someone who applies or scatters powder
                    subtype:  #preserver  someone who keeps safe from harm or danger
                    subtype:  #propositus  the person immediately affected by or concerned with an action
                    subtype:  #pursuer  a person who pursues some plan or goal; "a pursuer of truth"
                    subtype:  #pussycat  a person who is regarded as easygoing and agreeable
                    subtype:  #quarter.person  an unspecified person; "he dropped a word in the right quarter"
                    subtype:  #quitter  a person who gives up too easily
                    subtype:  #rectifier.person  a person who corrects or sets right; "a rectifier of prejudices"
                    subtype:  #redhead__carrottop  someone who has red hair
                    subtype:  #registrant  a person who is formally entered (along with others) in a register (and who obtains certain rights thereby)
                    subtype:  #reliever__allayer  a person who reduces the intensity (e.g., of fears) and calms and pacifies; "a reliever of anxiety"; "an allayer of fears"
                    subtype:  #repeater.person  a person who repeats; "the audience consisted largely of repeaters who had seen the movie many times"
                    subtype:  #rescuer__recoverer__saver  someone who saves something from danger or violence
                    subtype:  #rester  a person who rests
                    subtype:  #restrainer.person__controller  a person who directs and restrains
                    subtype:  #rich_person__wealthy_person__wealthyperson__have  a person who possesses great material wealth
                    subtype:  #right-hander__righthander  a person who uses the right hand more skillfully than the left
                    subtype:  #riser.person  a person who rises (especially from bed); "he's usually a late riser"
                    subtype:  #roundhead  a brachycephalic person
                    subtype:  #swayer__ruler  a person who rules or commands; "swayer of the universe"
                    subtype:  #rusher  a person who rushes; someone in a hurry; someone who acts precipitously
                    subtype:  #scratcher.person  a person who scratches to relieve an itch
                    subtype:  #second-rater__mediocrity  a person of second-rate ability or value: "a team of aging second-raters"; "shone among the mediocrities who surrounded him"
                    subtype:  #cloud_seeder__cloudseeder__seeder  a person who seeds clouds
                    subtype:  #quester__seeker__searcher  someone making a search or inquiry; "they are seekers after truth"
                    subtype:  #sentimentalist__romanticist  someone who indulges in excessive sentimentality
                    subtype:  #sex_object__sexobject  any person regarded simply as an object of sexual gratification
                    subtype:  #shaker.person__mover  a person who wields power and influence; "movers and shakers in the business world"; "a shaker of traditional beliefs"; "a mover of mountains"
                    subtype:  #signatory__signer  someone who signs and is bound by a document
                    subtype:  #significant_other__significantother  a person with whom you have shared a long-term sexual relationship
                    subtype:  #simpleton__simple  a person lacking intelligence or common sense
                    subtype:  #six-footer__sixfooter  a person who is at least six feet tall
                    subtype:  #slave  a person who is owned by someone
                    subtype:  #sleepyhead  a sleepy person
                    subtype:  #sloucher  a person who slouches; someone with a drooping carriage
                    subtype:  #small_person__smallperson  a person of below average size
                    subtype:  #smasher  a person who smashes something
                    subtype:  #smiler  a person who smiles
                    subtype:  #sneezer  a person who sneezes
                    subtype:  #sniffer  a person who sniffs
                    subtype:  #snuffler  a person who breathes noisily (as through a nose blocked by mucus)
                    subtype:  #socializer  a person who takes part in social activities
                    subtype:  #sort.person  a person of a particular character or nature; "what sort of person is he?"; "he's a good sort"
                    subtype:  #sounding_board  a person whose reactions to something serve as an indication of its acceptability; "I would use newspapermen as a sounding board for such policies"
                    subtype:  #sphinx.person  an inscrutable person who keeps his thoughts and intentions secret
                    subtype:  #expectorator__spitter  a person who spits (ejects saliva from the mouth)
                    subtype:  #sprawler  a person who sprawls; "he is such a sprawler he needs a bed to himself"
                    subtype:  #spurner  a person who rejects (someone or something) with contempt; "she was known as a spurner of all suitors"; "he was no spurner of rules"
                    subtype:  #squinter__squint-eye  a person with strabismus
                    subtype:  #stifler__smotherer  a person who stifles or smothers or suppresses; "he is a real conversation stifler"; "I see from all the yawn smotherers that it is time to stop"
                    subtype:  #stigmatic__stigmatist  a person whose body is marked by religious stigmata (such as marks resembling the wounds of the crucified Christ)
                    subtype:  #stooper  a person who carries himself or herself with the head and shoulders habitually bent forward
                    subtype:  #struggler  a person who struggles with difficulties or with great effort
                    subtype:  #guinea_pig__subject__case  a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation; "the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly"; "the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities"
                    subtype:  #surrenderer  a person who yields or surrenders
                    subtype:  #survivor.person  one who outlives another; "he left his farm to his survivors"
                    subtype:  #suspect  someone who is under suspicion
                    subtype:  #tempter  a person who tempts others; "Satan is the great tempter of mankind"
                    subtype:  #termer  a person who serves a specified term; "there are not many fourth termers in the Senate"
                    subtype:  #terror__scourge__threat  a person who inspires fear or dread; "he was the terror of the neighborhood"
                    subtype:  #testator__testate  a person who makes a will
                    subtype:  #thin_person__skin_and_bones  a person who is unusually thin
                    subtype:  #third-rater__thirdrater  one who is third-rate or distinctly inferior
                    subtype:  #thrower  someone who projects something through the air (especially by a rapid motion of the arm)
                    subtype:  #tiger  a fierce or audacious person; "he's a tiger on the tennis court"; "it aroused the tiger in me"
                    subtype:  #toucher  a person who causes or allows a part of the body to come in contact with someone or something
                    subtype:  #transfer.person__transferee  someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another; "the best student was a transfer from LSU"
                    subtype:  #transsexual  a person whose sexual identification is entirely with the opposite sex
                    subtype:  #transvestite__cross-dresser__crossdresser  someone who adopts the dress or manner or sexual role of the opposite sex
                    subtype:  #attempter__trier__essayer  one who tries
                    subtype:  #unfastener__undoer__opener__untier  a person who unfastens or unwraps or opens; "children are talented undoers of their shoelaces"
                    subtype:  #user  a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something
                    subtype:  #vanisher  a person who disappears
                    subtype:  #dupe__victim  a person who is tricked or swindled
                    subtype:  #Victorian  a person who lived during the reign of Victoria
                    subtype:  #waiter  a person who waits or awaits
                    subtype:  #waker  a person who awakes; "an early waker"
                    subtype:  #wanter__needer  a person who wants or needs something; "an owner of many things and needer of none"
                    subtype:  #ward  a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another
                    subtype:  #warrior  someone engaged in or experienced in warfare
                    subtype:  #watcher  a person who keeps a devotional vigil by a sick bed or by a dead body
                    subtype:  #weakling__doormat__wus  a person who is physically weak and ineffectual
                    subtype:  #squirmer__wiggler__wriggler  one who can't stay still (especially a child): "the toddler was a real wiggler on plane trips"
                    subtype:  #winker  a person who winks
                    subtype:  #withholder.person  a person who refrains from granting; "a withholder of payments"
                    subtype:  #witness  (law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law
                    subtype:  #yawner  a person who yawns
                    subtype:  pm#male_or_female_person
                    subtype:  pm#in_relationship_person
                    subtype:  pwa#Person
                 subtype:  #Homo_erectus  extinct species of primitive hominid with upright stature but small brain; " Homo erectus was formerly called Pithecanthropus erectus"
                 subtype:  #Homo_soloensis  extinct primitive hominid of late Pleistocene; Java; formerly Javanthropus
                 subtype:  #Homo_habilis  extinct species of upright east African hominid having some advanced humanlike characteristics
                 subtype:  #Homo_sapiens  the only surviving hominid; species to which modern man belongs; bipedal primate having language and ability to make and use complex tools; brain 1400 cc
                 subtype:  #Neandertal_man__Neanderthal_man__Neandertal__Neanderthal__Homo_sapiens_neanderthalensis  extinct robust human of Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia
                 subtype:  #Rhodesian_man__Homo_rhodesiensis  a primitive hominid resembling Neanderthal man but living in Africa
              subtype:  #Pithecanthropus_erectus__Pithecanthropus__genus_Pithecanthropus  former genus of primitive apelike men now Homo erectus
              subtype:  #genus_Sinanthropus__Sinanthropus  genus to which Peking man was formerly assigned
              subtype:  #genus_Javanthropus__Javanthropus  former genus of primitive man; now Homo soloensis: comprises Solo man
              subtype:  #australopithecine  any of several extinct humanlike small-brained bipedal primates of the genus Australopithecus; from 1 to 4 million years ago
              subtype:  #Sivapithecus  fossil primates found in India
              subtype:  #dryopithecine  considered a possible ancestor to both anthropoid apes and humans
           subtype:  #monkey  any of various long-tailed primates (excluding the prosimians)
           subtype:  #prosimian  primitive primates having large ears and eyes and characterized by nocturnal habits
           subtype:  #lemur  large-eyed arboreal prosimian having foxy faces and long furry tails
           subtype:  #tarsier  nocturnal arboreal primate of Indonesia and the Philippines having huge eyes and digits ending in pads to facilitate climbing; the only primate that spurns all plant material as food living entirely on insects and small vertebrates
        subtype:  #tree_shrew  insectivorous arboreal mammal of southeast Asia that resembles a squirrel with large eyes and long sharp snout
        subtype:  #flying_lemur__flying_cat__colugo  arboreal nocturnal mammal of southeast Asia and the Philippines resembling a lemur and having a fold of skin on each side from neck to tail that is used for long gliding leaps
        subtype:  #proboscidean__proboscidian  massive herbivorous mammals having tusks and a long trunk
        subtype:  #plantigrade_mammal__plantigrademammal  an animal that walks with the entire sole of the foot touching the ground as e.g. bears and human beings
        subtype:  #digitigrade_mammal__digitigrademammal  an animal that walks so that only the toes touch the ground as e.g. dogs and cats and horses
     subtype:  #fossorial_mammal__fossorialmammal  a burrowing mammal having limbs adapted for digging
  subtype:  #tetrapod  a vertebrate animal having four feet or legs or leglike appendages

33 statements are about indirect instances of #vertebrate: pm#graph1_on_person, pm#graph2_on_person, pm#graph3_on_person, pm#graph4_on_person, pm#graph1_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph2_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph3_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph4_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#phmIsOwnerOfSomeRedCar, pm#graph6_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph7_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph1_on_f.modave@gu.edu.au, dg#graph1_on_daniel.goodburn@dsto.defence.gov.au, pm#graph8_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, km#graph8_on_article, pm#graph1_on_collection, pm#graph1_on_situation, pm#graph1_on_human_motion, pm#graph1_on_flight, pm#graph1_on_conference, pm#graph1_on_file, pm#graph1_on_written_material, pm#graph1_on_publication, pm#graph1_on_report, pm#graph35_on_article, pm#graph1_on_research_staff, pm#graph1_on_ontology, pm#graph2_on_Corolla_AE93_CSI_manual_hatchback, pm#graph2_on_John_Briggs_Alfa_Romeo, pm#graph1_on_Person, wotif#graph1_on_http://www.wotif.com/Accommodation/viewdeal.asp?PropID=2667, wotif#graph1_on_http://www.wotif.com/Accommodation/viewdeal.asp?PropID=4384, wotif#graph1_on_http://www.wotif.com/Accommodation/viewdeal.asp?PropID=5241 click here to display them or click here for a search form or here to add a statement

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