#word a unit of language that native speakers can identify; "words are the blocks from which sentences are made"; "he hardly said ten words all morning" supertype: #language_unit__linguistic_unit one of the natural units into which linguistic messages can be analyzed part: #syllable #affix equal: nsm#word (pm) subtype: #anagram a word or phrase spelled by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase subtype: #antigram an anagram that means the opposite of the original word or phrase; "`restful' is the antigram of `fluster'" subtype: #anaphor a word (such as a pronoun) used to avoid repetition; the referent of an anaphor is determined by its antecedent subtype: #antonym__opposite_word__opposite two words that express opposing concepts; "to him the opposite of gay was depressed" subtype: #direct_antonym antonyms that are commonly associated (e.g., `wet' and `dry') subtype: #indirect_antonym antonyms whose opposition is mediated (e.g., the antonymy of `wet' and `parched' is mediated by the similarity of `parched' to `dry') subtype: #back-formation a word invented (usually unwittingly by subtracting an affix) on the assumption that a familiar word derives from it subtype: #portmanteau_word__portmanteauword__blend__portmanteau a word formed by joining two others (e.g., `smog' is a blend of `smoke' and `fog') subtype: #charade a word acted out in an episode of the game of charades subtype: #cognate_word__cognateword__cognate a word is cognate with another if both derive from the same word in an ancestral language subtype: #content_word__contentword__open-class_word a word to which an independent meaning can be assigned subtype: #headword.content_word__head_word a word that is qualified by a modifier subtype: #noun a word that can be used to refer to a person or place or thing subtype: #mass_noun a noun that does not form plurals subtype: #count_noun__countnoun a noun that forms plurals subtype: #proper_noun__proper_name a noun that denotes a particular thing; usually capitalized subtype: #common_noun a noun that denotes any or all members of a class subtype: #verbal_noun__deverbal_noun a noun that is derived from a verb subtype: #gerund a noun formed from a verb (such as the `-ing' form of an English verb when used as a noun) subtype: #adnoun an adjective used as a noun; "`meek' in `blessed are the meek' is an adnoun" subtype: #verb.content_word a content word that denotes an action or a state subtype: #copula__copulative__linking_verb__linkingverb an equating verb (such as `be' or `become') that links the subject with the complement of a sentence subtype: #modifier.content_word__qualifier a content word that qualifies the meaning of a noun or verb subtype: #intensifier__intensive a modifier that has little meaning except to intensify the meaning it modifies; "`up' in `finished up' is an intensifier"; "`honestly' in `I honestly don't know' is an intensifier" subtype: #adjective a word that expresses an attribute of something subtype: #descriptive_adjective__descriptiveadjective__qualifying_adjective an adjective that ascribes to its noun the value of an attribute of that noun (e.g., `a nervous person' or `a musical speaking voice') subtype: #relational_adjective__classifying_adjective__classifyingadjective an adjective that classifies its noun (e.g., `a nervous disease' or `a musical instrument') subtype: #pertainym (informal) meaning relating to or pertaining to subtype: #comparative the comparative form of an adjective; "`better' is the comparative of `good'" subtype: #superlative.adjective the superlative form of an adjective; "`best' is the superlative form of `good'" subtype: #adverb.modifier a word that modifies something other than a noun subtype: #adverbial a word or group of words function as an adverb subtype: #dangling_modifier__misplaced_modifier__misplacedmodifier a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence: e.g., `when young' in `when young, circuses appeal to all of us' subtype: #dangling_participle a participle (usually at the beginning of a sentence) apparently modifying a word other than the word intended: e.g., `flying across the country' in `flying across the country the Rockies came into view' subtype: #contraction a word formed from two or more words by omitting or combining some sounds: "won't" from "will not"; "o'clock" from "of the clock" subtype: #deictic_word__deicticword__deictic a word specifying identity or spacial or temporal location from the perspective of a speaker or hearer in the context in which the communication occurs: "words that introduce particulars of the speaker's and hearer's shared cognitive field into the message"- R.Rommetveit subtype: #derivative (linguistics) a word that is derived from another word; "`electricity' is a derivative of `electric'" subtype: #diminutive a word that is formed with a suffix (such as -let or -kin) to indicate smallness subtype: #disyllable__dissyllable a word having two syllables subtype: #word_form__form__signifier the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word; "the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached" subtype: #plural_form__plural the form of a word that is used to denote more than one subtype: #singular_form__singular the form of a word that is used to denote a singleton subtype: #ghost_word__ghostword a word form that has entered the language through the perpetuation of an error subtype: #root_word__root__base__stem__theme__radical (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; "thematic vowels are part of the stem" subtype: #etymon__root a simple form inferred as the common basis from which related words in several languages can be derived by linguistic processes subtype: #citation_form__main_entry_word__entry_word__entryword the form of a word that heads a lexical entry and is alphabetized in a dictionary subtype: #abbreviation.word_form a shortened form of a word or phrase subtype: #apocope abbreviation of a word by omitting the final sound or sounds; "the British get `pud' from `pudding' by apocope" subtype: #acronym a word formed from the initial letters of a multi-word name subtype: #four-letter_word__four-letter_Anglo-Saxon_word any of several short English words (often having 4 letters) generally regarded as obscene or offensive subtype: #function_word__closed-class_word a word that serves a grammatical function but has no identifiable meaning subtype: #determiner__determinative one of a limited class of noun modifiers that determine the referents of noun phrases subtype: #article.determiner (Grammar) a determiner that may indicate the specificity of reference of a noun phrase subtype: #definite_article a determiner (as `the' in English) that indicates specificity of reference subtype: #indefinite_article a determiner (as `a' or `some' in English) that indicates non-specificity of reference subtype: #preposition a function word that combines with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to form a prepositional phrase that can have an adverbial or adjectival relation to some other word subtype: #pronoun a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase subtype: #anaphoric_pronoun__anaphoricpronoun a pronoun that refers to an antecedent subtype: #demonstrative_pronoun__demonstrative a pronoun that points out an intended referent subtype: #personal_pronoun a pronoun expressing a distinction of person subtype: #reflexive_pronoun__reflexivepronoun__reflexive a personal pronoun compounded with -self to show the agent's action affects itself subtype: #relative_pronoun a pronoun (as `that' or `which' or `who') that introduces a relative clause referring to some antecedent subtype: #conjunctive__conjunction__connective an uninflected function word that serves to conjoin words or phrases or clauses or sentences subtype: #coordinating_conjunction a conjunction (like `and' or `or') that connects two identically constructed grammatical constituents subtype: #subordinate_conjunction__subordinateconjunction__subordinating_conjunction__subordinatingconjunction a conjunction (like `since' or `that' or `who') that introduces a dependent clause subtype: #particle.function_word a function word having different uses in different languages subtype: #head_word__head (linguistics) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent subtype: #headword a word placed at the beginning of a line or paragraph (as in a dictionary entry) subtype: #heteronym two words are heteronyms if they are spelled the same way but differ in pronunciation (e.g. `bow') subtype: #holonym__wholename a word that names the whole of which a given word is a part; "`hat' is a holonym for `brim' and `crown'" subtype: #homonym two words are homonyms if they are pronounced or spelled the same way but have different meanings subtype: #homograph two words are homographs if they are spelled the same way but differ in meaning (e.g. fair) subtype: #homophone two words are homophones if they are pronounced the same way but differ in meaning or spelling or both (e.g. bare and bear) subtype: #hypernym__superordinate__superordinate_word__superordinateword a word that is more generic than a given word subtype: #hyponym__subordinate_word__subordinateword a word that is more specific than a given word subtype: #key_word__keyword a significant word used in indexing or cataloging subtype: #loanblend__hybrid a word that is composed of parts from different languages (e.g., `monolingual' has a Greek prefix and a Latin root) subtype: #loanword__loan a word borrowed from another language; e.g. `blitz' is a German word borrowed into modern English subtype: #Gallicism a word or phrase borrowed from French subtype: #meronym__part_name a word that names a part of a larger whole; "`brim' and `crown' are meronyms of `hat'" subtype: #metonym a word that is used metonymically; a word that denotes one thing but refers to a related thing subtype: #monosyllable__monosyllabic_word a word or utterance of one syllable subtype: #neology__neologism__coinage a newly invented word or phrase subtype: #nonce_word__nonceword__hapax_legomenon__hapaxlegomenon a word with a special meaning used for a special occasion subtype: #oxytone word having stress or an acute accent on the last syllable subtype: #palindrome a word or phrase that reads the same backward as forward subtype: #primitive a word serving as the basis for inflected or derived forms; "`pick' is the primitive from which `picket' is derived" subtype: #paroxytone word having stress or acute accent on the next to last syllable subtype: #partitive word (such a `some' or `less') that is used to indicate a part as distinct from a whole subtype: #polysemant__polysemantic_word__polysemous_word a word having more than one meaning subtype: #polysyllable__polysyllabic_word a word of more than three syllables subtype: #jawbreaker a word that is hard to pronounce subtype: #sesquipedalian__sesquipedalia a very long word (a foot and a half long) subtype: #proparoxytone word having stress or acute accent on the antepenult subtype: #quantifier (grammar) a word that expresses a quantity (as `fifteen' or `many') subtype: #universal_quantifier__universalquantifier a logical quantifier of a proposition that asserts that the proposition is true for all members of a class of things subtype: #logical_quantifier__logicalquantifier__quantifier (logic) a word (such as `some' or `all` or `no') that binds the variables in a logical proposition subtype: #existential_quantifier__existentialquantifier__existential_operator__existentialoperator a logical quantifier of a proposition that asserts the existence of at least one thing for which the proposition is true subtype: #substantive a noun or a pronoun that is used in place of a noun subtype: #noun a word that can be used to refer to a person or place or thing subtype: #syncategorem (logic) a term that cannot be used meaningfully in isolation subtype: #synonym__equivalent_word two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous relative to that context subtype: #term a word or expression used for some particular thing; "he learned many medical terms" subtype: #referent.term something that refers; a term that refers to another term subtype: #terminology__nomenclature__language a system of words used in a particular discipline; "legal terminology"; "the language of sociology" subtype: #markup_language a set of symbols and rules for their use when doing a markup of a document subtype: #standard_generalized_markup_language__SGML (computer science) a standardized language for the descriptive markup of documents; a set of rules for using whatever markup vocabulary is adopted subtype: #HTML__hypertext_markup_language a set of tags and rules (conforming to SGML) for using them in developing hypertext documents subtype: pm#XML the language for describing XML-based languages; see http://www.w3.org/XML subtype: pm#XML_based_language__XML_based_notation any notation following an XML schema; see http://www.w3.org/ subtype: pm#XHTML description in http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/ subtype: pm#SVG Scalable Vector Graphics; description in http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/ subtype: pm#RDF/XML XML notation for the RDF model instance: pm#RDF_syntax_of_22-02-1999 subtype: pnml#PNML the PNML language subtype: pnml#EPNML subtype: pnml#PNK subtype: #trisyllable a word having three syllables subtype: #troponym__manner_name a word that denotes a manner of doing something; "`march' is a troponym of `walk'" subtype: #vocable__spokenword a word that is spoken aloud subtype: #classifier.word a word or morpheme used in some languages in certain contexts (such as counting) to indicate the semantic class in which an item belongs subtype: #written_word__writtenword the written form of a word subtype: #bigram a word that is written with two letters in an alphabetic writing system subtype: #trigram a word that is written with three letters in an alphabetic writing system subtype: #tetragram a word that is written with four letters in an alphabetic writing system instance: #Tetragrammaton
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