#speech_communication__speech__spoken_language__language__voice_communication__voicecommunication__oral_communication  communication by word of mouth; "his speech was slurred"; "the telephone greatly increased the range of speech communication"; "he uttered harsh language"; "he recorded the spoken language of the streets"
  supertype:  #auditory_communication  communication that relies on hearing
  subtype:  #words__word  the words that are spoken; "I listened to his words very closely"
  subtype:  #conversation  speech used for informal exchange of views
     subtype:  #crossfire.conversation  a lively or heated interchange of ideas and opinions
     subtype:  #phatic_speech__phatic_communication  conversational speech used to communicate sociability more than information
     subtype:  #exchange.conversation  a mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one); "they had a bitter exchange"
     subtype:  #chat__confab__confabulation__schmoose  an informal conversation
        subtype:  #chitchat__small_talk__smalltalk__gab__gabfest__gossip__tittle-tattle__chin-wag__chin-wagging__causerie  light informal conversation for social occasions
     subtype:  #gossiping__gossipmongering  a conversation that spreads personal information about other people
        subtype:  #scandalmongering  spreading malicious gossip
     subtype:  #talking__talk  an exchange of ideas via conversation; "let's have more work and less talk around here"
        subtype:  #shop_talk  talk about your business that only others in the same business can understand
        subtype:  #dialogue__dialog__duologue  a conversation between two persons
        subtype:  #yakety-yak__yak__chatter  noisy talk
           subtype:  #prate__idle_talk__blether__chinmusic  idle or foolish and irrelevant talk
        subtype:  #idle_words__wind__jazz__nothingness__nothingnes  empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk; that's a lot of wind"; "don't give me any of that jazz"
        subtype:  #pious_platitude__cant  insincere talk about religion or morals
     subtype:  #nothings  inconsequential conversation; "they traded a few nothings as they parted"
        subtype:  #sweet_nothings__honeyed_words__honeyedword  inconsequential expressions of affection; "he whispered sweet nothings into her ear"
     subtype:  #commerce  social exchange, especially of opinions, attitudes, etc.
     subtype:  #colloquy  formal conversation
     subtype:  #rap  (informal) voluble conversation
     subtype:  #rap_session__rapsession  conversation in a situation where feelings can be expressed and criticized or supported
     subtype:  #table_talk__tabletalk  conversation during a meal
     subtype:  #telephone_conversation__telephoneconversation  a conversation over the telephone
     subtype:  #tete-a-tete  a private conversation between two people
        subtype:  #pillow_talk  intimate conversation between lovers (typically occurring in bed)
  subtype:  #give-and-take__discussion__word  an exchange of views on some topic; "we had a good discussion"; "we had a word or two about it"
     subtype:  #debate__argument  a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal; "the argument over foreign aid goes on and on"
     subtype:  #deliberation  (usually plural) discussion of all sides of a question; "the deliberations of the jury"
     subtype:  #group_discussion__groupdiscussion__conference  a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic
        subtype:  #bull_session  (informal) an informal discussion (usually among men)
        subtype:  #colloquy.group_discussion  a conversation especially a formal one
        subtype:  #consultation  a conference between two or more people to consider a particular question; "frequent consultations with his lawyer"; "a consultation of several medical specialists"
           subtype:  #sidebar.consultation  (law) a courtroom conference between the lawyers and the judge in a trial that is held out of the jury's hearing
        subtype:  #consultation.group_discussion__audience__interview  a conference (usually with someone important); "he had a consultation with the judge"; "he requested an audience with the king"
        subtype:  #powwow__huddle  (informal) a quick private conference
        subtype:  #press_conference__pressconference__newsconference  a conference at which press and tv reporters ask questions of a politician or other celebrity
           subtype:  #backgrounder  a press conference or interview in which a government official explains to reporters the background of an action or policy; "the secretary gave us a backgrounder on public health issues"
        subtype:  #pretrial_conference__pretrial  (law) a conference held before the trial begins to bring the parties together to outline discovery proceedings and to define the issues to be tried; more useful in civil than in criminal cases
        subtype:  #round_table__roundtable__roundtable__round-table_conference__roundtableconference  a meeting of peers for discussion and exchange of views; "a roundtable on the future of computing"
        subtype:  #session  a meeting for execution of a group's functions; "it was the opening session of the legislature"
           subtype:  #sitting.session  a session as of a legislature or court
           subtype:  #clinic.session  meeting for diagnosis of problems and instruction or remedial work in a particular activity
              subtype:  #reading_clinic__readingclinic  a clinic for people with reading disabilities
              subtype:  #basketball_clinic  a meeting at which basketball players receive special evaluation and instruction
              subtype:  #baseball_clinic  a meeting at which baseball players receive special evaluation and instruction; "a summer baseball clinic for promising young players"
              subtype:  #hockey_clinic  a meeting at which hockey players receive special evaluation and instruction
           subtype:  #executive_session__executivesession__closed_session  a session (usually of a legislative body) that is closed to the public
           subtype:  #hearing.session  a session (of a committee or grand jury) in which witnesses are called and testimony is taken; "the investigative committee will hold hearings in Chicago"
              subtype:  #confirmation_hearing  a hearing held by the U.S. senate to gather information on which to approve or reject candidates for high federal office that are nominated by the president
           subtype:  #special_session__specialsession  a session that is held in addition to the regular sessions
           subtype:  #tutorial  a session of intensive tuition given by a tutor to an individual or to a small number of students
        subtype:  #teach-in__teachin  an extended session (as on a college campus) for lectures and discussion on an important and usually controversial issue
        subtype:  #teleconference__teleconferencing  a conference of people who are in different locations that is made possible by the use of such telecommunications equipment as closed-circuit television
     subtype:  #panel_discussion__paneldiscussion  discussion of a subject of public interest by a group of persons forming a panel usually before an audience
     subtype:  #postmortem  discussion of an event after it has occurred
     subtype:  #negotiation__dialogue__talks__talk  a discussion intended to produce an agreement; "the buyout negotiation lasted several days"; "they disagreed but kept an open dialogue"; "talks between Israelis and Palestinians"
        subtype:  #parley  a negotiation between enemies
        subtype:  #diplomatic_negotiations__diplomacy  negotiation between nations
           subtype:  #dollar_diplomacy  diplomacy influenced by economic considerations
           subtype:  #power_politics__gunboat_diplomacy  diplomacy in which the nations threaten to use force in order to obtain their objectives
           subtype:  #shuttle_diplomacy__shuttlediplomacy  international negotiations conducted by a mediator who frequently flies back and forth between the negotiating parties; "Kissinger's shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East"
           subtype:  #Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks__SALT  negotiations between the US and the USSR opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons
        subtype:  #bargaining  the negotiation of the terms of a transaction or agreement
           subtype:  #plea_bargaining  (criminal law) a negotiation in which the defendant agrees to enter a plea of guilty to a lesser charge and the prosecutor agrees to drop a more serious charge
           subtype:  #haggle__haggling__wrangle__wrangling  an instance of intense argument (as in bargaining)
           subtype:  #holdout.bargaining  a refusal by a negotiator to come to terms in the hope of obtaining a better deal
        subtype:  #collective_bargaining  negotiation between an employer and trade union
        subtype:  #horse_trading__horsetrading  negotiation accompanied by mutual concessions and shrewd bargaining
        subtype:  #mediation__arbitration  negotiation to resolve differences conducted by some impartial party
           subtype:  #umpirage  mediation by an umpire
  subtype:  #saying__expression__locution  a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations; "pardon the expression"
     subtype:  #Beatitude  one of the eight sayings of Jesus at the beginning of the Sermon on the Mount; in Latin each saying begins with `beatus' (blessed); "her favorite Beatitude is `Blessed are the meek for they shall inherit the earth'"
     subtype:  #logion  a saying of Jesus that is regarded as authentic although it is not recorded in the Gospels
     subtype:  #calque__loan_translation  an expression introduced into one language by translating it from another language
     subtype:  #ambiguity  an expression whose meaning cannot be determined from its context
        subtype:  #loophole  an ambiguity (especially one in the text of a law or contract) that makes it possible to evade a difficulty or obligation
        subtype:  #amphibology__amphiboly  an ambiguous grammatical construction; e.g., `they are flying planes' can mean either that someone is flying planes or that something is flying planes
        subtype:  #parisology  the use of ambiguous words
        subtype:  #double_entendre  an ambiguity with one interpretation that is indelicate
     subtype:  #euphemism  an inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive
        subtype:  #blank.euphemism  a substitute for a taboo word; "I hit the blank blank car"
        subtype:  #darn  a euphemism for `damn'
        subtype:  #heck  a euphemism for `hell'; "Oh what the heck"
     subtype:  #shucks  an expression of disappointment or irritation
     subtype:  #tongue_twister  an expression that is difficult to articulate clearly; "`rubber baby buggy bumper' is a tongue twister"
     subtype:  #anatomical_reference__anatomical  an expression that relates to anatomy
     subtype:  #southernism  a locution or pronunciation peculiar to the southern United States
     subtype:  #motto__slogan__catchword__shibboleth  a favorite saying of a sect or political group
        subtype:  #catchphrase__catch_phrase__catchphrase  a phrase that has become a catchword
        subtype:  #war_cry__warcry__rallying_cry__battle_cry__cry  a slogan used to rally support for a cause; "a cry to arms"
     subtype:  #maxim__axiom  a saying that widely accepted on its own merits
        subtype:  #aphorism__apothegm__apophthegm  a short pithy instructive saying
        subtype:  #gnome  a short pithy saying expressing a general truth
           subtype:  #Murphy's_Law  humorous axiom stating that anything that can go wrong will go wrong
        subtype:  #moralism.maxim  a moral maxim
     subtype:  #epigram__quip  a witty saying
     subtype:  #proverb__adage__saw  a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people
     subtype:  #phrasal_idiom__phrasalidiom__idiom__idiomatic_expression__idiomaticexpression__set_phrase__setphrase__phrase  an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up
     subtype:  #agrapha  sayings of Jesus not recorded in the canonical Gospels
  subtype:  #non-standard_speech  speech that differs from the usual accepted easily-recognizable speech of native adult members of a speech community
     subtype:  #baby_talk__babytalk  the developing speech of a young child
     subtype:  #motherese__baby_talk__babytalk  an adult's imitation of the speech of a young child
     subtype:  #dialect__idiom__accent  the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people; "the immigrants spoke an odd dialect of English"; "he has a strong German accent"
        subtype:  #patois  a regional dialect of a language (especially French); usually considered substandard
     subtype:  #localism  a phrase or pronunciation that is peculiar to a particular locality
     subtype:  #telegraphese  language characterized by terseness and ellipsis as in telegrams
     subtype:  #vernacular  the everyday speech of the people (as distinguished from literary language)
     subtype:  #lingo__jargon__slang__patois__vernacular  a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves); "they don't speak our lingo"
        subtype:  #rhyming_slang__rhymingslang  slang that replaces words with rhyming words or expressions and then typically omits the rhyming component; "Cockney rhyming slang"
     subtype:  #slang  informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions; often vituperative or vulgar; "their speech was full of slang expressions"
  subtype:  #idiolect  the language or speech of one individual at a particular period in life
  subtype:  #monologue.speech_communication  a long utterance by one person (especially one that prevents others from participating in the conversation)
  subtype:  #magic_spell__magicspell__spell__charm  a verbal formula believed to have magical force; "he whispered a spell as he moved his hands"; "inscribed around its base is a charm in Balinese"
     subtype:  #incantation  a ritual recitation of magical words or sounds
     subtype:  #hex__jinx__curse  an evil spell; "a witch put a curse on his whole family"
  subtype:  #dictation  speech intended for reproduction in writing
  subtype:  #soliloquy.speech_communication__monologue  speech you make to yourself

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