#southern_hemisphere the hemisphere south of the equator
supertype: hemisphere half of the terrestrial globe
part: Australia__Commonwealth_of_Australia a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony
part: Canberra__Australian_capital__capital_of_Australia the capital of Australia; located in southeastern Australia
part: Australian_state one of the states constituting Australia
part: Queensland__QLD a state in northeastern Australia
part: Brisbane capital and largest city of Queensland state; located in the southeastern corner of Queensland on the Pacific; settled by British as a penal colony; 3rd largest city in Australia
part: Gold_Coast
part: Arundel
part: Ashmore
part: Coolangatta
part: Labrador
part: Nerang
part: Parkwood
part: Robina
part: Southport
part: Gold_Coast_campus_of_Griffith_Uni the geographic area
part: Surfers_Paradise
part: Fortitude_Valley
part: New_South_Wales__NSW an Australian state in southeastern Australia
part: Sydney the largest Australian city located in southeastern Australia; state capital of New South Wales; Australia's chief port
part: Sydney_Harbor_Bridge a steel arch bridge in Sydney, Australia
part: Victoria.Australian_state__victoria__VIC a state in southeastern Australia
part: Melbourne the capital of Victoria state and 2nd largest Australian city; a financial and commercial center
part: Tasmania an Australian state on the island of Tasmania
part: Hobart a port and state capital of Tasmania
part: South_Australia__SA a state in south central Australia
part: Adelaide the state capital of South Australia
part: Western_Australia__WA a state containing the western third of Australia
part: Perth the state capital of Western Australia
part: Northern_Territory__NT a territory in north central Australia
part: Darwin provincial capital of the Northern Territory of Australia
part: Namoi_River__Namoi a river in southeastern Australia that flows generally northwest to join the Darling River
part: Gondwanaland a hypothetical continent that (according to plate tectonic theory) broke up later into India and Australia and Africa and South America and Antarctica
part: South_America a continent in the western hemisphere connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama
part: South_American_country__South_American_nation countries occupying the South American continent
part: Argentina__Argentine_Republic__the_Argentine a republic in southern South America; second largest country in South America
part: Patagonia region in southern South America between the Andes and the South Atlantic
part: Patagonian_Desert a semi-arid region in southern South America
part: Buenos_Aires__capital_of_Argentina capital and largest city of Argentina; located in eastern Argentina near Uruguay; Argentina's chief port and industrial and cultural center
part: Cordoba__Cordova a city in central Argentina; site of a university founded in 1613
part: pampas the vast grassy plains of northern Argentina
part: Tierra_del_Fuego an archipelago off southern South America; separated from the continent by the Strait of Magellan; islands are administered by Chile and by Argentina
part: Aconcagua the highest mountain in the western hemisphere; located in the Andes in western Argentina (22,834 feet high)
part: Andes a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast
part: Aconcagua the highest mountain in the western hemisphere; located in the Andes in western Argentina (22,834 feet high)
part: Ancohuma a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,960 feet high)
part: Bonete a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,546 feet high)
part: Cachi a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,047 feet high)
part: Chimborazo a mountain peak in the Andes in Ecuador (20,560 feet high)
part: Coropuna a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,083 feet high)
part: El_Libertador a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,047 feet high)
part: El_Muerto a mountain peak in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (21,457 feet high)
part: Galan a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (21,654 feet high)
part: Huascaran a mountain in the Andes in Peru (22,205 feet high)
part: Illampu a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,870 feet high)
part: Illimani a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (21,201 feet high)
part: Laudo a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (20,997 feet high)
part: Llullaillaco a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,057 feet high)
part: Mercedario a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,210 feet high)
part: Nacimiento a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (21,302 feet high)
part: Ojos_del_Salado a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,572 feet high)
part: Pissis a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,241 feet high)
part: Sajama a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (21,391 feet high)
part: Tupungato a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,310 feet high)
part: Yerupaja a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,709 feet high)
part: Bonete a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,546 feet high)
part: Cachi a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,047 feet high)
part: El_Libertador a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,047 feet high)
part: El_Muerto a mountain peak in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (21,457 feet high)
part: Galan a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (21,654 feet high)
part: Iguazu_Falls__Iguazu__Iguassu__Iguassu_Falls__Victoria_Falls a large waterfall on the border between Argentina and Brazil
part: Laudo a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (20,997 feet high)
part: Llullaillaco a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,057 feet high)
part: Mercedario a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,210 feet high)
part: Nacimiento a mountain peak in the Andes in Argentina (21,302 feet high)
part: Ojos_del_Salado a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,572 feet high)
part: Parana_River__Parana a South American river; tributary of Rio de la Plata
part: Sete_Quedas__Guaira__Guaira_Falls a great waterfall on the border between Brazil and Paraguay
part: Urubupunga_Falls__Urubupunga a waterfall in the Parana river in Brazil
part: Pissis a mountain in the Andes in Argentina (22,241 feet high)
part: Rio_de_la_Plata__La_Plata__Plata_River an estuary between Argentina and Uruguay
part: Tupungato a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,310 feet high)
part: Chile__Republic_of_Chile a republic in southern South America on the western slopes of the Andes on the south Pacific coast
part: Patagonia region in southern South America between the Andes and the South Atlantic
part: Chiloe the largest Chilean island and the only one to be settled; located off south-central Chile
part: Vina_del_Mar a resort city on the Pacific in central Chile
part: Antofagasta a port city on the Pacific in northern Chile
part: Punta_Arenas a city in southern Chile on the Strait of Magellan; the southernmost city in the world
part: Gran_Santiago__Santiago__Santiago_de_Chile__capital_of_Chile the capital and largest city of Chile; located in central Chile; one of the largest cities in South America
part: Tierra_del_Fuego an archipelago off southern South America; separated from the continent by the Strait of Magellan; islands are administered by Chile and by Argentina
part: Cape_Horn a rocky headland belonging to Chile at the southernmost tip of South America (south of Tierra del Fuego)
part: Valparaiso the chief port and second largest city of Chile; located on a wide harbor in central Chile
part: Atacama_Desert a desert in northern Chile rich in nitrate and copper deposits
part: Guallatiri the world's highest volcano; in the Andes in northern Chile; last erupted in 1959
part: Lascar a volcano in the Andes in Chile
part: Tupungatito an inactive volcano in central Chile; last erupted in 1959
part: Andes a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast
part: El_Muerto a mountain peak in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (21,457 feet high)
part: Llullaillaco a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,057 feet high)
part: Ojos_del_Salado a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,572 feet high)
part: Tupungato a mountain in the Andes on the border between Argentina and Chile (22,310 feet high)
part: Colombia__Republic_of_Colombia a republic in northwestern South America; the major legal crop is coffee but cocaine is also a major export
part: Bogota__capital_of_Colombia capital and largest city of Colombia; located in central Colombia on a high fertile plain
part: Cali city in southwestern Colombia in a rich agricultural area
part: Medellin city in western Colombia; important coffee center
part: Cartagena a port city in northwestern Colombia on the Caribbean
part: Galeras__Pasto an active volcano in southeastern Colombia in the Andes
part: Purace an inactive volcano in the Andes in southern Colombia; last erupted in 1950
part: Andes a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast
part: Arauca a river that rises in northern Colombia and flows generally eastward to the Orinoco in central Venezuela
part: Orinoco_River__Orinoco a South American river 1,500 miles long; flows into the South Atlantic
part: Ecuador__Republic_of_Ecuador a republic in northwestern South America; became independent from Spain in 1822; the landscape is dominated by the Andes
part: Guayaquil the largest city of Ecuador
part: Quito__capital_of_Ecuador the capital of Ecuador
part: Galapagos_Islands__Galapagos a group of islands in the Pacific off South America; owned by Ecuador; known for unusual animal life
part: Cotacachi an Andean volcano in northern Ecuador; last erupted in 1955
part: Cotopaxi the world's largest active volcano; located in the Andes in north central Ecuador
part: Sangay an inactive volcano in the Andes in central Ecuador; last erupted in 1946
part: Andes a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast
part: Chimborazo a mountain peak in the Andes in Ecuador (20,560 feet high)
part: Bolivia__Republic_of_Bolivia a landlocked Republic in central South America; Simon Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence from Spain
part: La_Paz city in western Bolivia and the administrative seat of Bolivia's government; largest city in Bolivia
part: Sucre the legal capital and seat of the judiciary in Bolivia
part: Ancohuma a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,960 feet high)
part: Andes a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast
part: Illampu a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (20,870 feet high)
part: Illimani a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (21,201 feet high)
part: Sajama a mountain peak in the Andes in Bolivia (21,391 feet high)
part: Brazil__Federative_Republic_of_Brazil__Brasil the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter
part: Belo_Horizonte city in southeastern Brazil north of Rio de Janeiro; the first of Brazil planned communities
part: Brasilia__Brazilian_capital__capital_of_Brazil the capital of Brazil; a city built on the central plateau and inaugurated in 1960
part: Natal a port city in northeastern Brazil
part: Rio_de_Janeiro__Rio the former capital and 2nd largest city of Brazil; chief Brazilian port; famous as a tourist attraction
part: Recife__Pernambuco a port city of northeastern Brazil on the Atlantic
part: Sao_Paulo an ultramodern city in southeastern Brazil; the largest city in South America
part: Amazon_River__Amazon a major South American river; flows into the South Atlantic; the world's 2nd longest river (4000 miles)
part: Araguaia_River__Araguaia__Araguaya__Araguaya_River a river in central Brazil that flows generally northward (with many falls) to join the Tocantins River
part: Iguazu_Falls__Iguazu__Iguassu__Iguassu_Falls__Victoria_Falls a large waterfall on the border between Argentina and Brazil
part: Madeira_River__Madeira a Brazilian river; tributary of the Amazon River
part: Para_River__Para an estuary in northern Brazil into which the Tocantins River flows
part: Parana_River__Parana a South American river; tributary of Rio de la Plata
part: Parnaiba__Parnahiba a river in northeastern Brazil that flows generally northward to the Atlantic Ocean
part: Paulo_Afonso_Falls__Paulo_Afonso a major waterfall in northeastern Brazil
part: Purus_River__Purus a Brazilian river; tributary of the Amazon River
part: Sete_Quedas__Guaira__Guaira_Falls a great waterfall on the border between Brazil and Paraguay
part: Tocantins_River__Tocantins a river in eastern Brazil that flows generally north to the Para River
part: Urubupunga_Falls__Urubupunga a waterfall in the Parana river in Brazil
part: Guiana a geographical region of northeastern South America including Guyana and Surinam
part: Guyana__Co-operative_Republic_of_Guyana__British_Guiana a republic in northeastern South America; achieved independence from England in 1966
part: Stabroek__Georgetown port city and the capital and largest city of Guyana; "the city was called Stabroek by the Dutch but was renamed Georgetown by the British in 1812"
part: Suriname__Republic_of_Suriname__Surinam__Dutch_Guiana__Netherlands_Guiana a republic in northeastern South America on the Atlantic; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1975
part: Paramaribo__capital_of_Suriname the capital and largest city and major port of Surinam
part: Suriname_River__Surinam_River a river in Suriname that flows northward to the Atlantic
part: Paraguay__Republic_of_Paraguay a landlocked republic in south central South America; achieved independence from Spain in 1811
part: Asuncion__capital_of_Paraguay the capital and chief port of Paraguay
part: Parana_River__Parana a South American river; tributary of Rio de la Plata
part: Sete_Quedas__Guaira__Guaira_Falls a great waterfall on the border between Brazil and Paraguay
part: Peru__Republic_of_Peru a republic in western South America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; was the heart of the Inca empire from the 12th to 16th centuries
part: Arequipa a city in southern Peru founded in 1540 on the site of an ancient Inca city
part: Lima__capital_of_Peru capital and largest city and economic center of Peru; located in western Peru; was capital of the Spanish empire in the New World until the 19th century
part: El_Misti the world's 2nd largest active volcano; located in the Andes in southern Peru
part: Huainaputina an inactive volcano in the Andes in southern Peru; last erupted in 1783
part: Amazon_River__Amazon a major South American river; flows into the South Atlantic; the world's 2nd longest river (4000 miles)
part: Andes a mountain range in South America running 5000 miles along the Pacific coast
part: Coropuna a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,083 feet high)
part: Huascaran a mountain in the Andes in Peru (22,205 feet high)
part: Yerupaja a mountain peak in the Andes in Peru (21,709 feet high)
part: Latin_America the parts of North and South America south of the United States where Romance languages (Spanish and Portuguese) are spoken
part: Uruguay a South American republic on the southeast coast of South America; achieved independence from Brazil in 1825
part: Montevideo__capital_of_Uruguay the capital and largest city of Uruguay; a cosmopolitan city and one of the busiest ports in South America
part: Rio_de_la_Plata__La_Plata__Plata_River an estuary between Argentina and Uruguay
part: Venezuela__Republic_of_Venezuela a republic in northern South America on the Caribbean; achieved independence from Spain in 1811; rich in oil
part: Caracas__capital_of_Venezuela the capital and largest city of Venezuela
part: Cuidad_Bolivar a port in eastern Venezuela on the Orinoco river
part: Angostura_Bridge a suspension bridge across the Orinoco River at Cuidad Bolivar
part: Maracaibo a port city in northwestern Venezuela; a major oil center
part: Maracay a city in north central Venezuela; cattle center
part: Valencia.Venezuela__valencia an industrial city in northern Venezuela
part: Angel_Falls__Angel the highest waterfall; has more than one leap; flow varies seasonally
part: Arauca a river that rises in northern Colombia and flows generally eastward to the Orinoco in central Venezuela
part: Cuquenan_Falls__Cuquenan__Kukenaam__Kukenaam_Falls a famous waterfall in Venezuela
part: Orinoco_River__Orinoco a South American river 1,500 miles long; flows into the South Atlantic
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