#scientific_instrument  an instrument used by scientists
  supertype:  instrument  a device that requires skill for proper use
  subtype:  particle_accelerator__accelerator__atom_smasher  a scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particles
     subtype:  betatron__induction_accelerator__inductionaccelerator  accelerates a continuous beam of electrons to high speeds by means of the electric field produced by changing magnetic flux
     subtype:  charge-exchange_accelerator  an accelerator in which high-energy ions escape from plasma following charge exchange
     subtype:  Cockcroft_and_Walton_accelerator__Cockcroft-Walton_accelerator__Cockcroft_and_Walton_voltage_multiplier__Cockcroft-Walton_voltage_multiplier  a high-voltage machine in which rectifiers charge capacitors that discharge and drive charged particles through an accelerating tube
     subtype:  collider  an accelerator in which two beams of particles are forced to collide head on
        subtype:  electron_accelerator  collider that consists of an accelerator that collides electrons and positrons
        subtype:  proton_accelerator  a collider that collides beams of protons and antiprotons
        subtype:  superconducting_supercollider__superconductingsupercollider  a collider that operates at very low temperatures
     subtype:  cyclotron  an accelerator that imparts energies of several million electron-volts to rapidly moving particles
        subtype:  bevatron  a cyclotron that accelerates protons up to several billion electron volts
        subtype:  synchrocyclotron  cyclotron that achieves relativistic velocities by modulating the frequency of the accelerating electric field
        subtype:  synchrotron  cyclotron in which the electric field is maintained at a constant frequency
           subtype:  cosmotron  a large proton synchrotron; uses frequency modulation of an electric field to accelerate protons
     subtype:  linear_accelerator__linac  ions are accelerated along a linear path by voltage differences on electrodes along the path
        subtype:  microwave_linear_accelerator  linear accelerator that uses microwaves
  subtype:  armillary_sphere__armillarysphere  model of the celestial sphere; used by early astronomers to determine the positions of stars
  subtype:  console.scientific_instrument  a scientific instrument consisting of displays and an input device that an operator can use to monitor and control a system (especially a computer system)
  subtype:  hodoscope  (physics) scientific instrument that traces the path of a charged particle
  subtype:  kicksorter__pulse_height_analyzer  scientific instrument consisting of an electronic circuit that permits only voltage pulses of predetermined height to pass
  subtype:  kymograph__cymograph  scientific instrument consisting of a rotating drum holding paper on which a stylus traces a continuous record (as of breathing or blood pressure)
  subtype:  magnifier  a scientific instrument that magnifies an image
     subtype:  microscope  magnifier of the image of small objects; "the invention of the microscope led to the discovery of the cell"
        subtype:  electron_microscope  a microscope that is similar in purpose to a light microscope but achieves much greater resolving power by using a parallel beam of electrons to illuminate the object instead of a beam of light
           subtype:  field-emission_microscope  electron microscope used to observe the surface structure of a solid
        subtype:  light_microscope__lightmicroscope  microscope consisting of an optical instrument that magnifies the image of an object
           subtype:  binocular_microscope__binocularmicroscope  a light microscope adapted to the use of both eyes
              subtype:  operating_microscope__operatingmicroscope  binocular microscope used in surgery to provide a clear view of small and inaccessible parts of the body (as in microsurgery)
           subtype:  compound_microscope  light microscope that has two converging lens systems: the objective and the eyepiece
           subtype:  simple_microscope__hand_glass__magnifying_glass  light microscope consisting of a single convex lens that is used to produce an enlarged image
              subtype:  jeweler's_loupe__jeweler'sloupe__loupe  small magnifying glass (usually set in an eyepiece) used by jewelers and horologists
           subtype:  ultramicroscope__dark-field_microscope  light microscope that uses scattered light to show particles too small to see with ordinary microscopes
     subtype:  telescope__scope  a magnifier of images of distant objects
        subtype:  astronomical_telescope  any telescope designed to collect and record electromagnetic radiation from cosmic sources
           subtype:  optical_telescope__opticaltelescope  an astronomical telescope designed to collect and record light from cosmic sources
              subtype:  reflecting_telescope__reflector  optical telescope consisting of a large concave mirror that produces an image that is magnified by the eyepiece
                 subtype:  Cassegrainian_telescope__Gregorian_telescope  a reflecting telescope that has a paraboloidal primary mirror and a hyperboloidal secondary mirror; light is brought to a focus through an aperture in the center of the primary mirror
                 subtype:  coude_telescope__coudetelescope__coude_system__coudesystem  a reflecting telescope so constructed that the light is led to a plate holder or spectrograph
                 subtype:  Herschelian_telescope__off-axis_reflector  a reflecting telescope with the mirror slightly tilted to throw the image to the side where it can be viewed
                 subtype:  Maksutov_telescope  reflecting telescope in which the aberration of the concave mirror is reduced by a meniscus lens
                 subtype:  Newtonian_telescope__Newtonian_reflector  reflecting telescope in which the image is viewed through an eyepiece perpendicular to main axis
                 subtype:  Schmidt_telescope__Schmidt_camera  reflecting telescope that has plate that corrects for aberration so a wide area of sky can be photographed
              subtype:  refracting_telescope  optical telescope that has a large convex lens that produces an image that is viewed through the eyepiece
                 subtype:  field_glass__fieldglas__glass__glas__spyglas  a small refracting telescope
                 subtype:  Galilean_telescope  a type of refracting telescope that is no longer used in astronomy
           subtype:  radio_telescope__radiotelescope__radio_reflector__radioreflector  astronomical telescope that picks up electromagnetic radiations in the radio-frequency range from extra-terrestrial sources
              subtype:  radio_interferometer__radiointerferometer  radio telescope that uses interference patterns from two antennas instead of a parabolic antenna
        subtype:  collimator.telescope  a small telescope attached to a large telescope to use in setting the line of the larger one
        subtype:  solar_telescope__solartelescope  a telescope designed to make observations of the sun
        subtype:  transit_instrument__transitinstrument  a telescope mounted on an axis running east and west and used to time the transit of a celestial body across the meridian
  subtype:  microtome  scientific instrument that cuts thin slices of something for microscopic examination
  subtype:  stroboscope__strobe__strobe_light  scientific instrument that provides a flashing light synchronized with the periodic movement of an object; can make moving object appear stationary
  subtype:  tachistoscope__t-scope__tscope  scientific instrument used by psychologists; presents visual stimuli for brief exposures
  subtype:  telemeter  any scientific instrument for observing events at a distance and transmitting the information back to the observer

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