#chromosomal_aberration__chromosomalaberration__chromosomal_anomaly__chromosomalanomaly__chrosomal_abnormality__chrosomalabnormality__chromosonal_disorder__chromosonaldisorder  any change in the normal structure or number of chromosomes; often results in physical or mental abnormalities
  supertype:  aberrance__aberrancy__aberration__deviance  an aberrant state or condition
  subtype:  monosomy  chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of one chromosome from the normal diploid number
  subtype:  trisomy  chrosomal abnormality in which there is one more than the normal number of chromosomes in a cell
     subtype:  mongolism__mongolianism__Down's_syndrome__Down_syndrome__trisomy_21__trisomy21  a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome; results in a flat face and short stature and mental retardation
  subtype:  sex-linked_disorder  any disease or abnormality that is determined by the sex hormones; "hemophilia is determined by a gene defect on an X chromosome"
     subtype:  hemophilia__haemophilia__bleeder's_disease__bleeder'sdisease  congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding; usually affects males and is transmitted from mother to son
        subtype:  hemophilia_A__haemophilia_A__classical_hemophilia__classicalhemophilia__classical_haemophilia__classicalhaemophilia  hemophilia caused by a congenital deficiency of factor VIII; occurs almost exclusively in men
        subtype:  hemophilia_B__haemophilia_B__Christmas_disease  a clotting disorder similar to hemophilia A but caused by a congenital deficiency of factor IX
        subtype:  von_Willebrand's_disease__angiohemophilia__vascularhemophilia  a form of hemophilia discovered by Erik von Willebrand; a genetic disorder that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; characterized by a deficiency of the coagulation factor and by mucosal bleeding
     subtype:  Turner's_syndrome  a chromosomal disorder in females who have only one X chromosome; marked by dwarfism and heart abnormalities and underdeveloped sex organs

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