#amino_acid__aminoacid__aminoalkanoic_acid__aminoalkanoicacid  organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group; "proteins are composed of various proportions of about 20 common amino acids"
  supertype:  #organic_compound__organiccompound  any compound of carbon and another element or a radical
  substance of:  #protein
  subtype:  #alanine  a crystalline amino acid that occurs in many proteins
  subtype:  #asparagine  a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and in many plants (e.g., asparagus)
  subtype:  #aspartic_acid  a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and occurring naturally in sugar beets and sugar cane
  subtype:  #canavanine  an amino acid found in the jack bean
  subtype:  #citrulline  an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine
  subtype:  #cysteine  an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins; oxidizes on exposure to air to form cystine
  subtype:  #cystine  a crystalline amino acid found in proteins (especially keratin); discovered in bladder stones
  subtype:  #dopa__dihydroxyphenylalanine  amino acid that is formed in the liver and converted into dopamine in the brain
     subtype:  #L-dopa__levodopa__Bendopa__Brocadopa__Larodopa  the levorotatory form of dopa (trade names Bendopa and Brocadopa and Larodopa); as a drug it is used to treat Parkinson's disease
  subtype:  #essential_amino_acid__essentialaminoacid  an amino acid that is required by animals but that they cannot synthesize; must be supplied in the diet
     subtype:  #arginine  a bitter tasting amino acid found in proteins and necessary for nutrition; its absence from the diet leads to a reduced production of spermatozoa
     subtype:  #histidine  an essential amino acid found in proteins that is important for the growth and repair of tissue
     subtype:  #isoleucine  an essential amino acid found in proteins; isomeric with leucine
     subtype:  #leucine  a white crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins that is essential for nutrition; obtained by the hydrolysis of most dietary proteins
     subtype:  #lysine  an essential amino acid found in proteins; occurs especially in gelatin and casein
     subtype:  #methionine  a crystalline amino acid containing sulfur; found in most proteins and essential for nutrition
     subtype:  #phenylalanine  an essential amino acid found in proteins and needed for growth of children and for protein metabolism in children and adults; abundant in milk and eggs; it is normally converted to tyrosine in the human body
     subtype:  #threonine  a colorless crystalline amino acid found in protein; occurs in the hydrolysates of certain proteins; an essential component of human nutrition
     subtype:  #tryptophan__tryptophane  an amino acid that occurs in proteins; is essential for growth and normal metabolism; a precursor of niacin
     subtype:  #valine  an essential amino acid found in proteins; important for growth in children and nitrogen balance in adults
  subtype:  #gamma_aminobutyric_acid__GABA  an amino acid that is found in the central nervous system; acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter
  subtype:  #glutamic_acid__glutaminic_acid  an amino acid occurring in proteins; important in the nitrogen metabolism of plants; used in monosodium glutamate to enhance the flavor of meats
  subtype:  #glutamine  a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism
  subtype:  #glycine  the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane
  subtype:  #hydroxyproline  a crystalline amino acid obtained from gelatin or collagen
  subtype:  #iodoamino_acid__iodoaminoacid  an amino acid with iodine added
     subtype:  #iodotyrosine  tyrosine with iodine added
        subtype:  #mono-iodotyrosine  tyrosine with one iodine atom added
        subtype:  #di-iodotyrosine  tyrosine with two iodine atoms added
     subtype:  #iodothyronine  thyronine with iodine added
        subtype:  #tri-iodothyronine__triiodothyronine  thyronine with three iodine atoms added
  subtype:  #ornithine  an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is important in the formation of urea
  subtype:  #proline  an amino acid that is found in many proteins (especially collagen)
  subtype:  #creatine__creatin  an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates both in the free form and as phosphocreatine; supplies energy for muscle contraction
  subtype:  #sarcosine  a sweetish crystalline amino acid
  subtype:  #serine  a sweetish crystalline amino acid involved in the synthesis by the body of cysteine
  subtype:  #thyronine  a phenolic amino acid of which thyroxine is a derivative
  subtype:  #tyramine  amino acid derived from tyrosine; has a sympathomimetic action; found in chocolate and cola drinks and ripe cheese and beer; "patients taking MAOIs should avoid foods containing tyramine"
  subtype:  #tyrosine  an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones

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