Relation pm#relation_with_particular_property (*) this rather fuzzy type permits to group categorization schemes less common than those covered by the previous sibling categories
supertype: relation__related_thing__relatedthing___related_with type for any relation (unary, binary, ..., *-ary) and instance of pm#relation_type
subtype: relation_with_particular_mathematical_property (*)
subtype: binary_relation_with_particular_mathematical_property (?,?)
subtype: injective_binary_relation (?,?) if P is injective, then if P(x,y) and P(z,y) then x=z; e.g., if nameOfMonth(m,"Feb") and nameOfMonth(n,"Feb") then m and n are the same month; this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#injective_binary_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: trichotomizing_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#trichotomizing_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: trichotomizing_relation_on_real_number (quantity,quantity)
subtype: less_than (quantity,quantity)
subtype: greater_than__greaterthan (quantity,quantity)
subtype: less_than_or_equal (quantity,quantity)
subtype: greater_than_or_equal (quantity,quantity)
subtype: reflexive_relation__reflexiverelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#reflexive_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: equivalence_relation__equivalencerelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#equivalence_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: similar (?,?) DO NOT USE SUCH A RELATION TYPE DIRECTLY
subtype: closely_similar__closelysimilar (?,?) the '~' link in WebKB-2: currently only used between categories for Greek gods and their Roman counterparts, and between some types from the 3D (endurantist) approach and their counterparts from the 4D (perdurantist) approach or the ?D (vague/unspecified) approach)
subtype: loosely_similar__looselysimilar (?,?)
subtype: related_to__relatedto (?,?) the '&' link in WebKB-2 (currently used for representing a sumo#related_internal_concept relation)
subtype: related_internal_concept (?,?) the two arguments are related concepts within the SUMO, i.e. there is a significant similarity of meaning between them; to indicate a meaning relation between a SUMO concept and a concept from another source, use sumo#related_external_concept
subtype: equal (?,?) "=" in KIF; true if the 1st argument is identical to the 2nd
subtype: same_as (?,?) MORE PRECISE TYPES THAN THIS ONE SHOULD BE USED
subtype: same_type_as (type,type)
subtype: equivalent_class (class,class) in WebKB, use the link '='
subtype: equivalent_property (binary_relation_type,binary_relation_type) in WebKB, use the link '='
subtype: same_individual_as (?,?)
subtype: equivalence__equivalentTo___iff__iff (description,description)
subtype: copy (object,object) relates an object to an exact copy of the object, where an exact copy is indistinguishable from the original with regard to every property except (possibly) spatial and/or temporal location
subtype: equivalent_content_class (?,?)
subtype: equivalent_content_instance (?,?)
subtype: cooccur (?,?)
subtype: family_relation (?,?)
subtype: partial_ordering_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#partial_ordering_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: total_ordering_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#total_ordering_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: inferior_to__less_than___superior__superior (?,?) fuzzy category, DO NOT USE DIRECTLY
subtype: superior_to__more_than___inferior__inferior (?,?) fuzzy category, DO NOT USE DIRECTLY
subtype: before (time_measure,time_measure)
subtype: after (time_measure,time_measure)
subtype: before_location__before (spatial_object,spatial_object)
subtype: inferior_or_equal_to__less_than_or_equal_to___superior_or_equal___maximum__maximum (?,?) fuzzy category, DO NOT USE DIRECTLY
subtype: superior_or_equal_to__more_than_or_equal_to___inferior_or_equal___minimum__minimum (?,?) fuzzy category, DO NOT USE DIRECTLY
subtype: generalizing_type (?,type) fuzzy category, DO NOT USE DIRECTLY
subtype: supertype (type,type) in the FT notation, the '<' link is only used to connect to a "strict" supertype
subtype: sub_class_of__subclassof__super_class__superclas (class,class) in WebKB, use the link '<'
subtype: subrelation (relation_type,relation_type) if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named subclass_of; every tuple of the 1st argument (r1) is also a tuple of the 2nd argument (r2), i.e. if r1 holds for some arguments arg_1, arg_2, ... arg_n, then the r2 holds for the same arguments; a consequence of this is that a relation and its subrelations must have the same valence
subtype: sub_property_of (binary_relation_type,binary_relation_type) in WebKB, use the link '<'
subtype: kind__type___class___instance_of__instanceof (?,class) the '^' link in the FT notation
subtype: subclass__subclass_of (set_or_class,set_or_class) if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named subclass_of; every instance of the 1st argument is also an instance of the 2nd argument; a class may have multiple superclasses and subclasses
subtype: immediate_subclass__immediate_subclass_of (set_or_class,set_or_class) the 1st argument is a subclass of the 2nd argument and there is no other subclass of the 2nd argument such that the 1st is also a subclass of the 2nd; in WebKB, use the link '<'
subtype: specializing_type (type,?)
subtype: instance (type,?) the ':' link in the FT notation
subtype: subtype__subtype_or_equal (type,type) subtype links should actually be strict subtype links or not much checking can be done
subtype: strict_subtype (type,type) the '>' link in the FT notation
subtype: properly_subsumes_leaf__PSBL (type,type) the 2nd type is a leaf type properly subsumed by the 1st type
subtype: subsumes_leaf__SBL (type,type) the 2nd type is a leaf type subsumed by the 1st type
subtype: properly_subsumes_leaf__PSBL (type,type) the 2nd type is a leaf type properly subsumed by the 1st type
subtype: constitution (?,?)
subtype: substance (? -> ?)
subtype: matter (physical_entity -> physical_entity_part_or_substance)
subtype: constituted_by__constitutedby__substance___K__k (entity,entity)
subtype: has_member__hasmember (entity,entity)
subtype: part (?,?)
subtype: sub_situation__subsituation (situation,situation)
subtype: sub_process__subproces (process,process)
subtype: temporal_part__P.T (perdurant,perdurant)
subtype: spatial_part__spatialpart__P.S (perdurant,perdurant)
subtype: spatial_part__spatialpart (spatial_object,spatial_object)
subtype: physical_part (physical_entity,physical_entity)
subtype: sub_collection__subcollection (collection,collection) a partial order relation
subtype: ending_collection (collection,collection)
subtype: final_segment__finalsegment (collection,collection) the second collection is a final segment of the 1st
subtype: sublist__final_segment_of__finalsegmentof (list,list) USE pm#final_segment INSTEAD OF THIS RELATION TYPE; "sublist" is a misleading name; "final_segment_of" is better
subtype: main_part (?,?)
subtype: first_part__firstpart (?,?)
subtype: first (list -> ?)
subtype: first (list -> ?)
subtype: last_part (?,?)
subtype: last (list -> ?)
subtype: part_in_Dolce_Lite (entity,entity)
subtype: part (entity,entity) the subpart may or may not be different from the whole
subtype: component (entity,entity)
subtype: atomic_part (entity,atom) an undivisible part
subtype: temporary_atomic_part__AtP (entity,atom)
subtype: proper_part (entity,entity) the subpart is different from the whole
subtype: temporary_proper_part (endurant,endurant)
subtype: temporary_part__temporarypart (endurant,endurant)
subtype: temporary_component__temporarycomponent (endurant,endurant)
subtype: constant_part (entity,entity)
subtype: sibling_part__siblingpart (entity,entity)
subtype: in_proceedings (conference,publication)
subtype: wnMember (?,?) member relation in WordNet
subtype: member (collection,*)
subtype: domain_object (domain,?)
subtype: core_domain_object__central_object_of_domain (domain,?)
subtype: reverse_of_KIF_member (set,?) this type only exists to make the connection to kif#member (which should have been named kif#member_of to respect the common reading conventions of parameters)
subtype: item (list,?)
subtype: item (list,?) for item(L,I) read: I is an item in L; either first(L,I) or item(R,I) where rest(L,R)
subtype: li (collection,*)
subtype: first (list -> ?)
subtype: last (list -> ?)
subtype: butlast (list -> ?)
subtype: nth (list,positive_integer -> ?)
subtype: sub_collection__subcollection (collection,collection) a partial order relation
subtype: sub_attribute__subattribute (Attribute,Attribute) the second argument can be ascribed to everything which has the first argument ascribed to it
subtype: sub_collection__subcollection__sub_collection_of (collection,collection) the 1st collection is a proper part of the 2nd
subtype: less_than_or_equal_to (?,?)
subtype: greater_than_or_equal_to (?,?)
subtype: sub_list__sublist__sub_list_of (list,list) the 1st argument is a sublist of the 2nd, i.e. every element of the 1st is an element of the 2nd and the elements that are common to both lists have the same order in both lists
subtype: initial_list__initiallist (list,list) the 1st argument (?L1) is a sublist of the 2nd (?L2), and (sumo#list_order_fn ?L1 ?NUMBER) returns the same value as (sumo#list_order_fn ?L2 ?N) for all of the values of ?N over which (sumo#list_order_fn ?L1 ?N) is defined
subtype: initial_list__initiallist (list,list) the 1st argument (?L1) is a sublist of the 2nd (?L2), and (sumo#list_order_fn ?L1 ?NUMBER) returns the same value as (sumo#list_order_fn ?L2 ?N) for all of the values of ?N over which (sumo#list_order_fn ?L1 ?N) is defined
subtype: subsumes_content_class (?,?)
subtype: subsumes_content_instance (?,?)
subtype: temporal_part (?,?)
subtype: before_or_equal (?,?)
subtype: sub_process__subproces (?,?)
subtype: sub_organization__suborganization (?,?)
subtype: geometric_part__geometricpart (?,?)
subtype: overlaps_temporally (?,?)
subtype: connected (object,*)
subtype: overlaps_spatially (?,?)
subtype: irreflexive_relation__irreflexiverelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#irreflexive_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: asymmetric_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#asymmetric_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: immediate_instance__immediateinstance (?,set_or_class) if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named immediate_instance_of; an object is an immediate_instance of a set_or_class if it is an instance of the set_or_class and there does not exist a subclass of set_or_class such that it is an instance of the subclass
subtype: immediate_subclass__immediate_subclass_of (set_or_class,set_or_class) the 1st argument is a subclass of the 2nd argument and there is no other subclass of the 2nd argument such that the 1st is also a subclass of the 2nd; in WebKB, use the link '<'
subtype: range (function_type,set_or_class) gives the range of a function, i.e. all of the values assigned by the function are instances of sumo#class
subtype: range_subclass (function_type,set_or_class) all of the values assigned by the function in the 1st argument are subclasses of the 2nd argment
subtype: valence (relation_type,positive_integer) specifies the number of arguments that a relation can take; if a relation does not have a fixed number of arguments, it does not have a valence and it is an instance of variable_arity_relation, e.g., sumo#holds is a variable_arity_relation
subtype: documentation (?,string) a relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text; the domain of this relation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves; this means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation
subtype: successor_attribute__successorattribute (Attribute,Attribute) the second argument is the attribute that comes immediately after the first on the scale that they share
subtype: front_fn__frontfn (self_connected_object -> self_connected_object) a function that maps an object to the side that generally receives the most attention or that typically faces the direction in which the object moves; note that this is a partial function, since some objects do not have sides, e.g., apples and spheres; note too that the range of this function is indefinite in much the way that immediate_future_fn and immediate_past_fn are indefinite; although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases
subtype: back_fn (self_connected_object -> self_connected_object) a function that maps an object to the side that is opposite the front_fn of the object; note that this is a partial function, since some objects do not have sides, e.g., apples and spheres; note too that the range of this function is indefinite in much the way that immediate_future_fn and immediate_past_fn are indefinite; although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases
subtype: proper_part__proper_part_of (object,object) the 1st argument is part of the 2nd but is not it; this is a transitive_relation and asymmetric_relation (hence an irreflexive_relation)
subtype: contains (self_connected_object,object) the relation of spatial containment for two separable objects; when the two objects are not separable (e.g., an automobile and one of its seats), the relation of part should be used; (sumo#contains ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the self_connected_object ?OBJ1 has a space (i.e. a hole) which is at least partially filled by ?OBJ2
subtype: member (self_connected_object,collection) a specialized common sense notion of part for uniform parts of collections; for example, each sheep in a flock of sheep would have the relationship of member to the flock
subtype: contains_information (content_bearing_object,proposition) relates a content_bearing_object to the proposition it expresses; examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content
subtype: leader__leader_of (human,agentive_physical_object) (sumo#leader ?INSTITUTION ?PERSON) means that the leader of ?INSTITUTION is ?PERSON
subtype: attribute (object,Attribute) the 2nd argument is an attribute of the 1st
subtype: manner (process,Attribute) the 1st argument is qualified by the 2nd (which is usually denoted by and adverb), e.g., the speed of the wind, the style of a dance, or the intensity of a sports competition
subtype: probability_fn__probabilityfn (formula -> real_number) one of the basic probability_relations, probability_fn is used to state the a priori probability of a state of affairs represented by the given formula
subtype: in_list (?,list) true if the 1st argument is in the list; analog of element and instance for lists
subtype: closed_on (function_type,set_or_class) a binary_function is closed on a set_or_class if it is defined for all instances of the set_or_class and its value is always an instance of the set_or_class
subtype: reflexive_on__reflexiveon (binary_relation_type,set_or_class) a binary_relation is reflexive on a set_or_class only if every instance of the set_or_class bears the relation to itself
subtype: irreflexive_on__irreflexiveon (binary_relation_type,set_or_class) a binary_relation is irreflexive on a set_or_class only if no instance of the set_or_class bears the relation to itself
subtype: partial_ordering_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class) a binary_relation is a partial ordering on a set_or_class only if the relation is reflexive_on the set_or_class, and it is both an antisymmetric_relation, and a transitive_relation
subtype: total_ordering_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class) a binary_relation ?REL is a total ordering on a set_or_class only if it is a partial ordering for which either (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) or (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) for every ?INST1 and ?INST2 in the set_or_class
subtype: trichotomizing_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)
subtype: equivalence_relation_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class) a binary_relation is an equivalence_relation_on a set_or_class only if the relation is reflexive_on the set_or_class and it is both a transitive_relation and a symmetric_relation
subtype: causes (process,process) the process in the 1st argument brings about the process in the 2nd argument
subtype: causes_subclass (sumo_process_class,sumo_process_class) the 1st argument brings about the 2nd, e.g., (causes_subclass killing death)
subtype: time (physical,time_position) means that temporal lifespan of the 1st argument includes the time_position in the 2nd argument, i.e. the 1st argument existed or occurred at that time_position; sumo#time does for instances of physical what sumo#holds_during does for instances of sumo#formula; sumo#located and sumo#time are the basic spatial and temporal predicates, respectively
subtype: holds_during__holdsduring (time_position,formula) means that the proposition denoted by is true at (every temporal_part of) the time_position
subtype: exploits (object,agentive_physical_object) the object is used by the agent as a resource in an unspecified instance of process
subtype: has_purpose__haspurpose (physical,formula) the instance of physical has, as its purpose, the proposition expressed by the formula; note that there is an important difference in meaning between the predicates has_purpose and result; although the second argument of the latter can satisfy the second argument of the former, a conventional goal is an expected and desired outcome, while a result may be neither expected nor desired; for example, a machine process may have outcomes but no goals, aimless wandering may have an outcome but no goal; a learning process may have goals with no outcomes, and so on
subtype: has_skill__hasskill (sumo_process_class,agentive_physical_object) similar to the capability predicate with the additional restriction that the ability be practised or demonstrated to some measurable degree
subtype: crosses__crosse (object,object) the 1st object traverses the second without being connected to it
subtype: penetrates (object,object) the 1st object is connected to the second along at least one whole dimension (length, width or depth)
subtype: possesses__possesse (agentive_physical_object,object) the agent has ownership of the object
subtype: precondition (?,?)
subtype: realization (?,?)
subtype: expressed_in_language (?,?)
subtype: uses (?,?)
subtype: identity_element (?,?)
subtype: element (?,?)
subtype: cardinality_fn__cardinalityfn (?,?)
subtype: measure (?,?)
subtype: duration (?,?)
subtype: frequency (?,?)
subtype: meets_temporally__meetstemporally (?,?)
subtype: date (?,?)
subtype: surface (?,?)
subtype: interior_part (?,?)
subtype: hole (object,*)
subtype: hole_host_fn (object,*)
subtype: partially_fills__partiallyfill (object,*)
subtype: properly_fills (?,?)
subtype: completely_fills (?,?)
subtype: fills__fill (?,?)
subtype: hole_skin_fn (object,*)
subtype: geographic_subregion (?,?)
subtype: geopolitical_subdivision (?,?)
subtype: developmental_form__developmentalform (?,?)
subtype: inhabits (?,?)
subtype: authors__author (?,?)
subtype: editor (?,?)
subtype: publishes__publishe (?,?)
subtype: version (?,?)
subtype: parent (?,?)
subtype: husband (?,?)
subtype: wife (?,?)
subtype: citizen (?,?)
subtype: modal_attribute__modalattribute (?,?)
subtype: successor_attribute_closure__successorattributeclosure (Attribute,Attribute) transitive closure of successor_attribute: there is a chain of sumo#successor_attribute assertions connecting the two arguments
subtype: different__different_from__differentfrom (?,?)
subtype: different_from__differentfrom (?,?)
subtype: exclusive_class__exclusiveclas (class,class) the 2 classes have no common subtype/instance; in WebKB, use the link '!'
subtype: complement_class (class -> class) if something is not in one of the classes, then it is in the other, and vice versa; in WebKB, use the link '/'
subtype: inverse__reverse (binary_relation_type -> binary_relation_type) for inverseOf(R,S) read: R is the inverse of S; i.e. if R(x,y) then S(y,x) and vice versa; in WebKB, use the link '-'
subtype: less_than (quantity,quantity)
subtype: greater_than__greaterthan (quantity,quantity)
subtype: increases_likelihood__increaseslikelihood__increases_likelihood_of (formula,formula) the 2nd formula is more likely to be true if the 1st is true
subtype: decreases_likelihood__decreaseslikelihood__decreases_likelihood_of (formula,formula) the 2nd formula is less likely to be true if the 1st is true
subtype: inhibits (?,?)
subtype: prevents (?,?)
subtype: sub_proposition__subproposition (?,?)
subtype: sub_plan__subplan (?,?)
subtype: larger (object,*)
subtype: smaller (object,*)
subtype: starts (?,?)
subtype: finishes (?,?)
subtype: before (?,?)
subtype: during (?,?)
subtype: earlier (?,?)
subtype: meets_spatially__meetsspatially (?,?)
subtype: overlaps_partially (?,?)
subtype: superficial_part__superficialpart (?,?)
subtype: connected_engineering_components (?,?)
subtype: ancestor (?,?)
subtype: sibling (?,?)
subtype: brother (?,?)
subtype: sister (?,?)
subtype: spouse (?,?)
subtype: symmetric_relation__symmetricrelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#symmetric_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: equivalence_relation__equivalencerelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#equivalence_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: different__different_from__differentfrom (?,?)
subtype: independent_probability__independentprobability (formula,formula) the probabilities of the formulas being true are independent
subtype: overlaps_temporally (?,?)
subtype: connected (object,*)
subtype: meets_spatially__meetsspatially (?,?)
subtype: overlaps_spatially (?,?)
subtype: overlaps_partially (?,?)
subtype: connected_engineering_components (?,?)
subtype: sibling (?,?)
subtype: legal_relation__legalrelation (?,?)
subtype: spouse (?,?)
subtype: consistent (?,?)
subtype: antisymmetric_relation__antisymmetricrelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#antisymmetric_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: asymmetric_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#asymmetric_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: partial_ordering_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#partial_ordering_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: different__different_from__differentfrom (?,?)
subtype: partly_located__partly_located_at (physical,object) the instance of the 1st argument is at least partially located at the 2nd argument, e.g., Istanbul is partly located in Asia and partly located in Europe
subtype: contains (self_connected_object,object) the relation of spatial containment for two separable objects; when the two objects are not separable (e.g., an automobile and one of its seats), the relation of part should be used; (sumo#contains ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the self_connected_object ?OBJ1 has a space (i.e. a hole) which is at least partially filled by ?OBJ2
subtype: located (physical,object) the 1st argument is partly_located at the object, and there is no part or sub_process of the 1st argument that is not located at the object
subtype: exactly_located (physical,object) the actual, minimal location of an object
subtype: transitive_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#transitive_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: equivalence_relation__equivalencerelation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#equivalence_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: partial_ordering_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#partial_ordering_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: successor_attribute_closure__successorattributeclosure (Attribute,Attribute) transitive closure of successor_attribute: there is a chain of sumo#successor_attribute assertions connecting the two arguments
subtype: proper_part__proper_part_of (object,object) the 1st argument is part of the 2nd but is not it; this is a transitive_relation and asymmetric_relation (hence an irreflexive_relation)
subtype: less_than (quantity,quantity)
subtype: greater_than__greaterthan (quantity,quantity)
subtype: located (physical,object) the 1st argument is partly_located at the object, and there is no part or sub_process of the 1st argument that is not located at the object
subtype: crosses__crosse (object,object) the 1st object traverses the second without being connected to it
subtype: precondition (?,?)
subtype: sub_proposition__subproposition (?,?)
subtype: sub_plan__subplan (?,?)
subtype: larger (object,*)
subtype: smaller (object,*)
subtype: starts (?,?)
subtype: finishes (?,?)
subtype: before (?,?)
subtype: during (?,?)
subtype: earlier (?,?)
subtype: superficial_part__superficialpart (?,?)
subtype: interior_part (?,?)
subtype: geographic_subregion (?,?)
subtype: geopolitical_subdivision (?,?)
subtype: developmental_form__developmentalform (?,?)
subtype: version (?,?)
subtype: ancestor (?,?)
subtype: brother (?,?)
subtype: sister (?,?)
subtype: part (entity,entity) the subpart may or may not be different from the whole
subtype: proper_part (entity,entity) the subpart is different from the whole
subtype: intransitive_relation (?,?) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#intransitive_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
subtype: inverse__reverse (binary_relation_type -> binary_relation_type) for inverseOf(R,S) read: R is the inverse of S; i.e. if R(x,y) then S(y,x) and vice versa; in WebKB, use the link '-'
subtype: immediate_instance__immediateinstance (?,set_or_class) if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named immediate_instance_of; an object is an immediate_instance of a set_or_class if it is an instance of the set_or_class and there does not exist a subclass of set_or_class such that it is an instance of the subclass
subtype: immediate_subclass__immediate_subclass_of (set_or_class,set_or_class) the 1st argument is a subclass of the 2nd argument and there is no other subclass of the 2nd argument such that the 1st is also a subclass of the 2nd; in WebKB, use the link '<'
subtype: member (self_connected_object,collection) a specialized common sense notion of part for uniform parts of collections; for example, each sheep in a flock of sheep would have the relationship of member to the flock
subtype: penetrates (object,object) the 1st object is connected to the second along at least one whole dimension (length, width or depth)
subtype: element (?,?)
subtype: meets_temporally__meetstemporally (?,?)
subtype: parent (?,?)
subtype: binary_relation (?,?) in WebKB, most relation types are binary and some have a variable number of arguments (as in KIF), hence this type is currently only specialized by types that I do not want to see as direct subtypes of pm#relation
subtype: unary_function__unaryfunction (? -> ?) function that requires a single argument; currently not specialized by the SUMO ternary relations since this seems useless (for now)
subtype: Relation (?,?) to specify a reference to a related resource; in WebKB, pm#relation or MORE PRECISE RELATION TYPES SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD
subtype: refers (?,?) the 1st argument mentions or includes a reference to the 2nd argument, e.g., an article whose topic is a recent change in the price of oil may refer to many other things, e.g., the general state of the economy, the weather in California, the prospect of global warming, the options for alternative energy sources, the stock prices of various oil companies, etc.
subtype: names__name (string,?) the string names the 2nd argument
subtype: unique_identifier (string,?) the string uniquely identifies the 2nd argument
subtype: represents (?,?) the 1st argument in some way indicates, expresses, connotes, pictures, describes ... the 2nd argument
subtype: contains_information (content_bearing_object,proposition) relates a content_bearing_object to the proposition it expresses; examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content
subtype: realization (?,?)
subtype: see_also__seealso (?,entity)
subtype: is_defined_by (?,entity) in WebKB, pm#definition SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD
subtype: definition (?,description_content/medium/container) see also #definition
subtype: definition (description_content/medium/container,description_content/medium/container) a logical relation should be used instead of this relation
subtype: imports__import (?,entity) if imports(X,Y) and you believe X, then you should believe what is in Y
subtype: Type (?,entity) to specify the nature or genre of the content of a resource; SHOULD NOT BE USED IN WEBKB
subtype: instance (?,set_or_class) if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named instance_of; an object is an instance of a set_or_class if it is included in that set_or_class; an individual may be an instance of many classes, some of which may be subclasses of others; thus, there is no assumption in the meaning of instance about specificity or uniqueness
subtype: kind__type___class___instance_of__instanceof (?,class) the '^' link in the FT notation
subtype: immediate_instance__immediateinstance (?,set_or_class) if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named immediate_instance_of; an object is an immediate_instance of a set_or_class if it is an instance of the set_or_class and there does not exist a subclass of set_or_class such that it is an instance of the subclass
subtype: Description (?,entity) to specify an account of the content of a resource; in WebKB, pm#topic or pmdescr SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD
subtype: topic (?,entity)
subtype: annotation (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: descr (?,description_content/medium/container) for connecting an object to a formal representation of it, e.g., a representation written with a fcg
subtype: Subject (description,entity) to specify 1 or several topics; in WebKB, pm#descr SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD
subtype: origin (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: use (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: advantage (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: disadvantage (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: definition (?,description_content/medium/container) see also #definition
subtype: role (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: requirement (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: issue (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: trap (?,description_content/medium/container)
subtype: url (?,URL)
subtype: file_or_file_element (?,description_container)
subtype: file (?,document_element)
subtype: home_page (?,document_element)
subtype: file_element (?,document_element)
subtype: descr_in__descrin (?,description_container) when a thing t has a description stored in a description container dc, there is a relation pm#descr_in from t to dc
subtype: descr_container__description_support___descr_support (description,description_container) permits to associate a statement with an object on which it is represented
subtype: version_info__versioninfo (? -> entity) generally, a string giving information about this version; e.g., RCS/CVS keywords
subtype: title (? -> string) for connecting an object to its "title" in a natural language
subtype: comment for connecting an object to an informal representation of it, typically a node with a string inside; in WebKB, the FT and FCG notations permit to avoid using this relation type
subtype: relation_from_or_to_WordNet_type (*)
subtype: menu (meal_shop,food_or_beverage)
subtype: before (?,?)
subtype: before (time_measure,time_measure)
subtype: before_time (situation,time_measure)
subtype: later_situation__latersituation (situation,situation)
subtype: next_situation (situation -> situation)
subtype: successor (situation -> situation)
subtype: ending_situation__termination (situation -> situation)
subtype: postcondition (process,situation)
subtype: consequence (situation,situation) see also rst#effect
subtype: after (?,?)
subtype: after (time_measure,time_measure)
subtype: until_time__untiltime__to_time (situation -> time_measure)
subtype: arrival_time__arrivaltime (process -> time_measure)
subtype: before_situation (situation,situation) in WebKB, do not use these relations, use their inverses
subtype: previous_situation (situation -> situation)
subtype: beginning_situation__beginningsituation (situation -> situation)
subtype: precondition (process,situation)
subtype: cause (situation,situation) see also rst#cause
subtype: causes (process,process) the process in the 1st argument brings about the process in the 2nd argument
subtype: ternary_relation__ternaryrelation__ternary_only_relation (?,?,?) relation with a fixed arity equal to 3; specialized by the SUMO ternary relations not categorized elsewhere
subtype: binary_function (?,? -> ?) function that requires two arguments; currently not specialized by the SUMO ternary relations since this seems useless (for now)
subtype: confers_norm__confersnorm (thing,formula,objective_norm) the 1st argument brings it about that the formula has the objective_norm
subtype: deprives_norm (thing,formula,objective_norm) the 1st argument brings it about that the formula does not have the objective_norm
subtype: quaternary_relation__quaternary_only_relation (?,?,?) relation with a fixed arity equal to 4
subtype: subst (?,?,? -> ?)
subtype: relation_with_variable_arity (*) this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#variable_arity_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type; currently not specialized by the SUMO ternary relations since this seems useless (for now)
subtype: relation_using_a_world_as_argument (world,*)
subtype: relation_from_a_world (world,*)
subtype: concept_in_Dolce_Full (world,?)
subtype: non-empty_universal__NEP (world,universal)
subtype: relation_in_Dolce_Full (world,*)
subtype: wldr__WLDR (world,world)
subtype: constitution__K (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: participant_in_Dolce_Full (world,particular,particular+)
subtype: participant__PC (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: total_participant__totalparticipant__PC.T (world,particular,particular)
subtype: temporary_total_participant__temporarytotalparticipant__PC.t (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: constant_participant (world,particular,particular+)
subtype: maximal_participant__maximalparticipant__mpc (world,particular,particular)
subtype: maximal_physical_participant__mppc (world,particular,particular)
subtype: part_in_Dolce_Full (world,particular,particular+)
subtype: part__P (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: atomic_part__AtP (world,particular,particular)
subtype: temporary_atomic_part__AtP (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: proper_part__PP (world,particular,particular) a subpart (different from the whole)
subtype: temporary_proper_part__PP (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: temporary_part__temporarypart__P (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: quality_in_Dolce_Full (world,particular,particular+)
subtype: qt__quality (world,particular,particular)
subtype: direct_quality__dqt (world,particular,particular)
subtype: quale_in_Dolce_Full (world,particular,particular+)
subtype: ql__quale (world,particular,particular)
subtype: temporary_quale__temporaryquale__ql (world,particular,particular,particular)
subtype: relationship (?,?) indicates something that one thing has to do with another; click here for details
subtype: composition_of_individual (possible_individual,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: arrangement_of_individual (possible_individual,arranged_individual [49..*]) click here for details
subtype: assembly_of_individual (possible_individual,arranged_individual)
subtype: feature_whole_part__featurewholepart (possible_individual,arranged_individual)
subtype: temporal_whole_part (possible_individual,possible_individual)
subtype: participation (possible_individual,activity [49..*]) click here for details
subtype: temporal_bounding (event [49..*],possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: ending (event,possible_individual)
subtype: beginning (event,possible_individual)
subtype: cause_of_event (event [49..*],activity [49..*]) click here for details
subtype: relative_location (possible_individual [49..*],possible_individual) indicates that the position of one possible_individual is relative to another; click here for details
subtype: connection_of_individual (possible_individual [49..*],possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: direct_connection (possible_individual,possible_individual)
subtype: indirect_connection (possible_individual,possible_individual)
subtype: individual_used_in_connection (connection_of_individual,possible_individual [49..*]) click here for details
subtype: lifecycle_stage (?,?)
subtype: involvement_by_reference (thing,activity [49..*]) click here for details
subtype: specialization (class,class) click here for details
subtype: specialization_by_domain (role_and_domain,class) click here for details
subtype: specialization_by_role (role_and_domain,role) click here for details
subtype: boundary_of_property_space (property_space,property_space) click here for details
subtype: specialization_of_individual_dimension_from_property (individual_dimension,property) click here for details
subtype: boundary_of_number_space (number_space,number_space) click here for details
subtype: other_relationship__otherrelationship (?,?)
subtype: classification (?,?)
subtype: class_of_relationship_with_signature (role_and_domain,role_and_domain) click here for details
subtype: intended_role_and_domain (role_and_domain,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: possible_role_and_domain (role_and_domain,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: representation_of_thing (thing,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: usage_of_representation (representation_of_thing,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: responsibility_for_representation (representation_of_thing,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: approval (relationship,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: comparison_of_property (property,property) click here for details
subtype: functional_mapping (thing,thing) click here for details
subtype: recognition (thing,activity) click here for details
subtype: indirect_property (possible_individual,property) click here for details
subtype: temporal_sequence (possible_individual,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_relationship (*) click here for details
subtype: class_of_composition_of_individual (class_of_individual,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_arrangement_of_individual (class_of_individual,class_of_arranged_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_feature_whole_part (class_of_individual,class_of_arranged_individual)
subtype: class_of_assembly_of_individual (class_of_individual,class_of_arranged_individual)
subtype: namespace (class_of_information_representation,class_of_information_representation) click here for details
subtype: right_namespace (class_of_information_representation,class_of_information_representation)
subtype: left_namespace (class_of_information_representation,class_of_information_representation)
subtype: class_of_temporal_whole_part (class_of_individual,class_of_individual)
subtype: class_of_participation (participating_role_and_domain,class_of_activity) click here for details
subtype: class_of_connection_of_individual (class_of_individual,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_direct_connection (class_of_individual,class_of_individual)
subtype: class_of_indirect_connection (class_of_individual,class_of_individual)
subtype: class_of_classification (class,class_of_class) click here for details
subtype: class_of_representation_translation (class_of_information_representation,class_of_information_representation) click here for details
subtype: class_of_usage_of_representation (class_of_representation_of_thing,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_responsibility_for_representation (class_of_representation_of_thing,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_lifecycle_stage (*)
subtype: class_of_assertion (*)
subtype: class_of_individual_used_in_connection (class_of_connection_of_individual,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_approval (class_of_relationship,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_possible_role_and_domain (class_of_individual,role_and_domain) click here for details
subtype: class_of_involvement_by_reference (role_and_domain,class_of_activity) click here for details
subtype: class_of_relationship_with_signature (role_and_domain,role_and_domain) click here for details
subtype: class_of_specialization__classofspecialization (class_of_class,class_of_class) click here for details
subtype: class_of_intended_role_and_domain (class_of_individual,role_and_domain) click here for details
subtype: class_of_approval_by_status (*)
subtype: class_of_representation_of_thing (class_of_information_representation,thing) click here for details
subtype: class_of_relative_location (class_of_individual,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_functional_mapping (class,class) click here for details
subtype: class_of_recognition (class,class_of_activity) click here for details
subtype: class_of_indirect_property (class_of_individual,property_space) click here for details
subtype: class_of_cause_of_beginning_of_class_of_individual (class_of_individual,class_of_activity) click here for details
subtype: dimension_of_individual (possible_individual,individual_dimension) click here for details
subtype: property_for_shape_dimension (property,shape_dimension) click here for details
subtype: class_of_temporal_sequence (class_of_individual,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_cause_of_ending_of_class_of_individual (class_of_activity,class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_relationship_with_related_end_1 (thing) click here for details
subtype: class_of_relationship_with_related_end_2 (thing) click here for details
subtype: class_of_class_of_relationship (?,?) click here for details
subtype: class_of_class_of_usage_of_representation (class_of_class_of_representation,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_class_of_responsibility_for_representation (class_of_class_of_representation,possible_individual) click here for details
subtype: class_of_class_of_representation_translation (class_of_class_of_representation,class_of_class_of_representation) click here for details
subtype: class_of_class_of_relationship_with_signature (?,?)
subtype: class_of_class_of_representation (class_of_class_of_representation,class) click here for details
subtype: class_of_dimension_for_shape (class_of_shape_dimension,class_of_shape) click here for details
subtype: class_of_class_of_composition (class_of_class_of_individual,class_of_class_of_individual) click here for details
subtype: property_space_for_class_of_shape_dimension (class_of_shape_dimension,property_space) click here for details
subtype: class_of_scale (?,?)
subtype: class_of_namespace (class_of_class_of_information_representation,class_of_information_representation) click here for details
subtype: dimension_of_shape (shape_dimension,shape) click here for details
465 categories printed