#body.natural_object an individual 3-dimensional object that has mass and that is distinguishable from other objects; "heavenly body"
supertype: #natural_object__naturalobject an object occurring naturally; not made by man
subtype: #chromosome a threadlike body in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order
subtype: #sex_chromosome__sexchromosome a chromosome that determines the sex of an individual; "mammals normally have two sex chromosomes"
subtype: #X_chromosome the sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females; "human females normally have two X chromosomes"
subtype: #XX (genetics) normal complement of sex chromosomes in a female
subtype: #XXX (genetics) abnormal complement of three X chromosomes in a female
subtype: #XXY (genetics) abnormal complement of sex hormones in a male resulting in Klinefelter's syndrome
subtype: #XY (genetics) normal complement of sex hormones in a male
subtype: #XYY (genetics) abnormal complement of sex hormones in a male who has two Y chromosomes
subtype: #Y_chromosome the sex chromosome that is carried by men; "human males normally have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome"
subtype: #autosome__somatic_chromosome__somaticchromosome any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa
subtype: #acentric_chromosome a chromosome lacking a centromere
subtype: #acrocentric_chromosome__acrocentricchromosome a chromosome with the centromere near one end so that one chromosomal arm is short and one is long
subtype: #metacentric_chromosome__metacentricchromosome a chromosome having two equal arms because the centromere is in median position
subtype: #telocentric_chromosome__telocentricchromosome a chromosome like a straight rod with the centromere in terminal position
subtype: #inclusion_body__inclusionbody__cellular_inclusion__inclusion any small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases); "an inclusion in the cytoplasm of the cell"
subtype: #plasmid a small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication
subtype: #Russell's_body__cancer_body an inclusion body found in plasma cells in cases of cancer
subtype: #mass.body a body of matter without definite shape; "a huge ice mass"
subtype: #coprolith__fecalith__faecalith__stercolith a hard mass of dried feces
subtype: #pulp any soft or soggy mass; "he pounded it to a pulp"
subtype: #particle a body having finite mass and internal structure but negligible dimensions
subtype: #virion a complete viral particle; nucleic acid and capsid (and a lipid envelope in some viruses)
subtype: #alpha_particle__alphaparticle a positively charged particle that is the nucleus of the helium atom; emitted from natural or radioactive isotopes
subtype: #beta_particle a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotope
subtype: #boson any particle that obeys Bose-Einstein statistics but not the Pauli exclusion principle; all nuclei with an even mass number are bosons
subtype: #gauge_boson__gaugeboson a particle that mediates the interaction of two elementary particles
subtype: #gluon a gauge boson that mediates strong interaction among quarks
subtype: #gravitons__graviton a gauge boson that mediates the (extremely weak) gravitational interactions between particles
subtype: #intermediate_vector_bosons a gauge boson that mediates weak interactions between particles
subtype: #photon a quantum of electromagnetic radiation; an elementary particle that is its own antiparticle
subtype: #meson__mesotron an elementary particle responsible for the forces in the atomic nucleus; a hadron with a baryon number of 0
subtype: #b-meson__bmeson exceedingly short-lived meson
subtype: #J_particle__psi_particle__psiparticle a neutral meson with a large mass
subtype: #kaon__kappa-meson__kappameson__k-meson__kmeson__K_particle an unstable meson produced as the result of a high-energy particle collision
subtype: #pion__pi-meson a meson produced as the result of high-energy particle collision
subtype: #deuteron the nucleus of deuterium; consists of one proton and one neutron; used as a bombarding particle in accelerators
subtype: #elementary_particle__fundamental_particle__fundamentalparticle__subatomicparticle a particle that is less complex than an atom; regarded as constituents of all matter
subtype: #antilepton the antiparticle of a lepton
subtype: #antimuon__positive_muon the antiparticle of a muon; decays to positron and neutrino and antineutrino
subtype: #antineutrino the antiparticle of a neutrino
subtype: #antitauon__tau-plus_particle an antilepton of very great mass
subtype: #positron__antielectron an elementary particle with positive charge; interaction of a positron and an electron results in annihilation
subtype: #antiparticle a particle that has the same mass as another particle but has opposite values for its other properties; interaction of a particle and its antiparticle results in annihilation and the production of radiant energy
subtype: #antiquark the antiparticle of a quark
subtype: #hadron any elementary particle that interacts strongly with other particles
subtype: #antibaryon the antiparticle of a baryon; a hadron with a baryon number of -1
subtype: #antimeson the antiparticle of a meson
subtype: #baryon__heavy_particle__heavyparticle any of the elementary particles having a mass equal to or greater than that of a proton and that participate in strong interactions; a hadron with a baryon number of +1
subtype: #hyperon any baryon that is not a nucleon; unstable particle with mass greater than a neutron
subtype: #lambda_particle__lambda_hyperon an electrically neutral baryon with isotopic spin 1
subtype: #nucleon a constituent (proton or neutron) of an atomic nucleus
subtype: #antineutron the antiparticle of a neutron
subtype: #antiproton an unstable negatively charged proton; the antiparticle of a proton
subtype: #neutron an elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton; enters into the structure of the atomic nucleus
subtype: #proton a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron
subtype: #hydrogen_ion a positively charged atom of hydrogen; that is to say, a normal hydrogen atomic nucleus
subtype: #meson__mesotron an elementary particle responsible for the forces in the atomic nucleus; a hadron with a baryon number of 0
subtype: #lepton an elementary particle that participates in weak interactions; has a baryon number of 0
subtype: #electron__negatron an elementary particle with negative charge
subtype: #delta_ray__deltaray an electron ejected from matter by ionizing radiation
subtype: #free_electron electron that is not attached to an atom or ion or molecule but is free to move under the influence of an electric field
subtype: #photoelectron an electron that is emitted from an atom or molecule by an incident photon
subtype: #valence_electron__valenceelectron an electron in the outer shell of an atom which can combine with other atoms to form molecules
subtype: #negative_muon__muon__mu-meson an elementary particle with a negative charge and a half-life of 2 microsecond; decays to electron and neutrino and antineutrino
subtype: #neutrino an elementary particle with zero charge and zero mass
subtype: #tauon__tau-minus_particle__tauminusparticle a lepton of very great mass
subtype: #quark hypothetical truly fundamental particle in mesons and baryons; there are supposed to be six flavors of quarks (and their antiquarks), which come in pairs; each has an electric charge of +2/3 or -1/3
subtype: #bottom_quark__beauty_quark a quark with a charge of -1/3 and a mass about 10,000 times that of an electron
subtype: #charm_quark a quark with an electric charge of +2/3 and a mass 2900 times that of an electron and a charm of +1
subtype: #down_quark a stable quark with an electric charge of -1/3 and a mass 607 times that of an electron
subtype: #strange_quark__strangequark__squark a quark with an electric charge of -1/3 and a mass 988 times that of an electron and a strangeness of -1
subtype: #top_quark__topquark__truth_quark__truthquark a hypothetical quark with a charge of +2/3 and a mass more than 100,000 times that of an electron
subtype: #up_quark a stable quark with an electric charge of +2/3 and a mass 607 times that of an electron
subtype: #strange_particle__strangeparticle an elementary particle with non-zero strangeness
subtype: #fermion any particle that obeys Fermi-Dirac statistics and is subject to the Pauli exclusion principle
subtype: #baryon__heavy_particle__heavyparticle any of the elementary particles having a mass equal to or greater than that of a proton and that participate in strong interactions; a hadron with a baryon number of +1
subtype: #lepton an elementary particle that participates in weak interactions; has a baryon number of 0
subtype: #magnetic_monopole a hypothetical particle with a single magnetic pole instead of the usual two
subtype: #micelle an electrically charged particle built up from polymeric molecules or ions and occurring in certain colloidal electrolytic solutions like soaps and detergents
subtype: #prion (microbiology) an infectious protein particle similar to a virus but lacking nucleic acid; thought to be the agent responsible for scrapie and other degenerative diseases of the nervous system
subtype: #virino (microbiology) a hypothetical infectious particle thought to be the cause of scrapie and other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system; consists of nucleic acid in a protective coat of host cell proteins
subtype: #scintilla a sparkling glittering particles
subtype: #superstring a hypothetical particle that is the elementary particle in a theory of space-time
subtype: #thermion an electrically charged particle (electron or ion) emitted by a substance at a high temperature
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