#vertebrate__craniate animals having a bony or cartilaginous skeleton with a segmented spinal column and a large brain enclosed in a skull or cranium
supertype: #chordate any animal of the phylum Chordata having a notochord or spinal column
part: #belly #tail #caudal_appendage #rib.bone #pectus #vertebrate_foot #digit.extremity
member of: #subphylum_Vertebrata
subtype: #fetus__fetu__foetus an unborn or unhatched vertebrate in the later stages of development showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal
subtype: #teras__tera__monster (medicine) a grossly malformed and usually nonviable fetus
subtype: #abortus__abortu a human fetus whose weight is less than 0.5 kilogram when removed or expelled from the mother's body
subtype: #Amniota higher vertebrates (reptiles; birds; mammals) possessing an amnion during development
subtype: #amniote any member of the Amniota
subtype: #aquatic_vertebrate__aquaticvertebrate animal living wholly or chiefly in or on water
subtype: #jawless_vertebrate__jawlessvertebrate__jawless_fish__jawlessfish__agnathan eel-shaped vertebrate without jaws or paired appendages including the cyclostomes and some extinct forms
subtype: #ostracoderm extinct fishlike jawless vertebrate having a heavily armored body; of the Paleozoic
subtype: #heterostracan extinct jawless fish with the anterior part of the body covered with bony plates; of the Silurian and Devonian
subtype: #osteostracan__cephalaspid extinct jawless fish of the Devonian with armored head
subtype: #anaspid extinct small freshwater jawless fish usually having a heterocercal tail and an armored head; of the Silurian and Devonian
subtype: #conodont small (2 in) extinct eellike fish with a finned tail and a notochord and having cone-shaped teeth containing cellular bone; late Cambrian to late Triassic; possible predecessor of the cyclostomes
subtype: #cyclostome primitive aquatic vertebrate
subtype: #lamprey_eel__lampreyeel__lamprey__lamper_eel primitive eellike freshwater or anadromous cyclostome having round sucking mouth with a rasping tongue
subtype: #sea_lamprey__sealamprey__Petromyzon_marinus large anadromous lamprey sometimes used as food; destructive of native fish fauna in the Great Lakes
subtype: #hagfish__slime_eels eellike cyclostome having a tongue with horny teeth in a round mouth surrounded by eight tentacles; feeds on dead or trapped fishes by boring into their bodies
subtype: #Myxine_glutinosa typical hagfish
subtype: #eptatretus a fossil hagfish of the genus Eptatretus
subtype: #Myxinikela_siroka fossil hagfish of the Pennsylvanian period (c. 300 million years ago) that resembled modern hagfishes
subtype: #placoderm fishlike vertebrate with bony plates on head and upper body; dominant in seas and rivers during the Devonian; considered the earliest vertebrate with jaws
subtype: #fish any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills
subtype: #cartilaginous_fish__cartilaginousfish__chondrichthian fishes in which the skeleton may be calcified but not ossified
subtype: #holocephalan fish with high compressed head and a body tapering off into a long tail
subtype: #chimaera smooth-skinned deep-sea fish with a tapering body and long threadlike tail
subtype: #rabbitfish__Chimaera_monstrosa large European chimaera
subtype: #elasmobranch__selachian any of numerous fishes of the class Chondrichthyes characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton and placoid scales: sharks; rays; skates
subtype: #shark any of numerous elongate mostly marine carnivorous fishes with heterocercal caudal fins and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales
subtype: #cow_shark__cowshark__six-gilled_shark__Hexanchus_griseus large primitive shark widely distributed in warm seas
subtype: #mackerel_shark fierce pelagic and oceanic sharks
subtype: #porbeagle__Lamna_nasus voracious pointed-nose shark of northern Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #mako_shark__mako powerful mackerel shark of the Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #shortfin_mako__Isurus_oxyrhincus very swift active bluish shark found worldwide in warm waters; important game fish
subtype: #longfin_mako__longfinmako__Isurus_paucus similar to shortfin mako but darker blue
subtype: #bonito_shark__blue_pointed__Isurus_glaucus common blue-gray shark of southwest Pacific; sport and food fish
subtype: #great_white_shark__greatwhiteshark__white_shark__whiteshark__man-eater__maneater__man-eating_shark__Carcharodon_carcharias large aggressive shark widespread in warm seas; known to attack humans
subtype: #basking_shark__baskingshark__Cetorhinus_maximus large harmless plankton-eating northern shark; often swims slowly or floats at the sea surface
subtype: #thresher_shark__thresher__thrasher__fox_shark__foxshark__Alopius_vulpinus large pelagic shark of warm seas with a whiplike tail used to round up small fish on which to feed
subtype: #carpet_shark__Orectolobus_barbatus shark of the western Pacific with flattened body and mottled skin
subtype: #nurse_shark__Ginglymostoma_cirratum small bottom-dwelling shark of warm shallow waters on both coasts of North and South America and from southeast Asia to Australia
subtype: #sand_tiger__sand_shark__Carcharias_taurus__Odontaspis_taurus shallow-water shark with sharp jagged teeth found on both sides of Atlantic; sometimes dangerous to swimmers
subtype: #whale_shark__whaleshark__Rhincodon_typus large spotted shark of warm surface waters worldwide; resembles a whale and feeds chiefly on plankton
subtype: #cat_shark__catshark small bottom-dwelling sharks with catlike eyes; found along continental slopes
subtype: #requiem_shark__requiemshark any of numerous sharks from small relatively harmless bottom-dwellers to large dangerous oceanic and coastal species
subtype: #bull_shark__cub_shark__cubshark__Carcharhinus_leucas a most common shark in temperate and tropical coastal waters worldwide; heavy-bodied and dangerous
subtype: #sandbar_shark__sandbarshark__Carcharhinus_plumbeus most common gray shark along coasts of middle Atlantic states; sluggish and occasionally caught by fishermen
subtype: #blacktip_shark__sandbar_shark__sandbarshark__Carcharhinus_limbatus widely distributed shallow-water shark with fins seemingly dipped in ink
subtype: #oceanic_whitetip_shark__whitetip_shark__white-tipped_shark__Carcharinus_longimanus large deep-water shark with white-tipped dorsal fin; worldwide distribution; most dangerous shark
subtype: #dusky_shark__duskyshark__Carcharhinus_obscurus relatively slender blue-gray shark; nearly worldwide in tropical and temperate waters
subtype: #lemon_shark__Negaprion_brevirostris common shallow-water schooling shark of the Atlantic from North Carolina to Brazil and off west Africa; dangerous
subtype: #great_blue_shark__blue_shark__Prionace_glauca slender cosmopolitan, pelagic shark; blue body shades to white belly; dangerous especially during maritime disasters
subtype: #tiger_shark__Galeocerdo_cuvieri large dangerous warm-water shark with striped or spotted body
subtype: #soupfin_shark__soupfinshark__soupfin__Galeorhinus_zyopterus Pacific shark valued for its fins (used by Chinese in soup) and liver (rich in vitamin A)
subtype: #dogfish any of several small sharks
subtype: #smooth_dogfish small bottom-dwelling shark found along both Atlantic coasts
subtype: #smoothhound_shark__smoothhoundshark__smoothhound__Mustelus_mustelus smooth dogfish of European coastal waters
subtype: #American_smooth_dogfish__Mustelus_canis found along the Atlantic coast of the Americas
subtype: #Florida_smoothhound__Mustelus_norrisi found from the northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
subtype: #reef_whitetip_shark__whitetip_shark__Triaenodon_obseus smooth dogfish of Pacific and Indian oceans and Red Sea having white-tipped dorsal and caudal fins
subtype: #spiny_dogfish__spinydogfish small bottom-dwelling dogfishes
subtype: #Atlantic_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_acanthias destructive dogfish of American and European Atlantic coastal waters; widely used in anatomy classes
subtype: #Pacific_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_suckleyi dogfish of Pacific coast of North America
subtype: #hammerhead_shark__hammerhead medium-sized live-bearing shark with eyes at either end of a flattened hammer-shaped head; worldwide in warm waters; can be dangerous
subtype: #smooth_hammerhead__Sphyrna_zygaena fished for the hides and vitamin-rich liver
subtype: #smalleye_hammerhead__Sphyrna_tudes fished for the hide and vitamin-rich liver
subtype: #shovelhead__bonnethead__bonnet_shark__Sphyrna_tiburo small harmless hammerhead having a spade-shaped head; abundant in bays and estuaries
subtype: #angel_shark__angelshark__angelfish__Squatina_squatina__monkfish sharks with broad flat bodies and winglike pectoral fins but that swim the way sharks do
subtype: #ray cartilaginous fishes having horizontally flattened bodies and enlarged winglike pectoral fins with gills on the underside; most swim by moving the pectoral fins
subtype: #electric_ray__crampfish__numbfish__torpedo any sluggish bottom-dwelling ray of the order Torpediniformes having a rounded body and electric organs on each side of the head capable of emitting strong electric discharges
subtype: #sawfish primitive ray with sharp teeth on each edge of a long flattened snout
subtype: #smalltooth_sawfish__Pristis_pectinatus commonly found in tropical bays and estuaries; not aggressive
subtype: #guitarfish primitive tropical bottom-dwelling ray with a guitar-shaped body
subtype: #stingray large venomous ray with large barbed spines near the base of a thin whiplike tail capable of inflicting severe wounds
subtype: #roughtail_stingray__roughtailstingray__Dasyatis_centroura one of the largest stingrays; found from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras
subtype: #butterfly_ray__butterflyray short-tailed broad-finned stingray
subtype: #eagle_ray__eagleray powerful free-swimming tropical ray noted for `soaring' by flapping winglike fins; usually harmless but has venomous tissue near base of the tail as in stingrays
subtype: #spotted_eagle_ray__spottedeagleray__spotted_ray__spottedray__Aetobatus_narinari ray with back covered with white or yellow spots; widely distributed in warm seas
subtype: #cownose_ray__cownoseray__cow-nosed_ray__cownosedray__Rhinoptera_bonasus large ray found along eastern coast of North America
subtype: #manta_ray__mantaray__manta__devilfish extremely large pelagic tropical ray that feeds on plankton and small fishes; usually harmless but its size make it dangerous if harpooned
subtype: #Atlantic_manta__Manta_birostris largest manta (to 22 feet across wings); found worldwide but common in Gulf of Mexico and along southern coasts of United States; primarily oceanic
subtype: #devil_ray__devilray__Mobula_hypostoma small manta (to 4 feet) that travels in schools
subtype: #skate large edible rays having a long snout and thick tail with pectoral fins continuous with the head; swim by undulating the edges of the pectoral fins
subtype: #gray_skate__Raja_batis common European skate used as food
subtype: #little_skate__Raja_erinacea most plentiful skate in North American inshore waters in summer; to 21 inches
subtype: #thorny_skate__Raja_radiata cold-water bottom fish with spines on the back; to 40 inches
subtype: #barndoor_skate__Raja_laevis one of the largest skates (to 5 feet); an active skate easy to hook
subtype: #game_fish any fish providing sport for the angler
subtype: #food_fish any fish used for food by human beings
subtype: #groundfish__bottom_fish fish that live on the sea bottom especially commercially important gadoid fishes like cod and haddock or flatfish like flounder
subtype: #shad herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn
subtype: #common_American_shad__Alosa_sapidissima shad of Atlantic coast of North America; naturalized to Pacific coast
subtype: #river_shad__rivershad__alosachrysoclori shad that spawns in streams of the Mississippi drainage; very similar to Alosa sapidissima
subtype: #allice_shad__allis_shad__allisshad__allice__allis__alli__Alosa_alosa European shad
subtype: #Clupea_harangus__herring commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #Atlantic_herring__Clupea_harengus_harengus important food fish; found in enormous shoals in North Atlantic
subtype: #Pacific_herring__Clupea_harengus_pallasii important food fish of the north Pacific
subtype: #sardine any of various small edible herring or related food fishes frequently canned
subtype: #sild any of various young herrings (other than brislings) canned as sardines in Norway
subtype: #Clupea_sprattus__brisling__sprat small herring processed like a sardine
subtype: #salmon any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn
subtype: #blackfish female salmon that has recently spawned
subtype: #redfish male salmon that has recently spawned
subtype: #Salmo_salar__Atlantic_salmon found in northern coastal Atlantic waters or tributaries; adults do not die after spawning
subtype: #landlocked_salmon__lake_salmon Atlantic salmon confined to lakes of New England and southeastern Canada
subtype: #blueback_salmon__sockeye__sockeyesalmon__redsalmon__Onchorynchus_nerka small salmon with red flesh; found in rivers and tributaries of the north Pacific and valued as food; adults die after spawning
subtype: #quinnat_salmon__quinnatsalmon__chinook__chinooksalmon__king_salmon__Onchorynchus_tshawtscha large Pacific salmon valued as food; adults die after spawning
subtype: #blue_jack__coho__cohoe__coho_salmon__silver_salmon__Onchorynchus_kisutch small salmon of north Pacific coasts and the Great Lakes
subtype: #trout any of various game and food fishes of cool fresh waters mostly smaller than typical salmons
subtype: #brown_trout__browntrout__salmon_trout__Salmo_trutta speckled trout of European rivers; introduced in North America
subtype: #sea_trout__seatrout silvery marine variety of brown trout that migrates to fresh water to spawn
subtype: #Salmo_gairdneri__rainbow_trout__rainbowtrout found in Pacific coastal waters and streams from lower California to Alaska
subtype: #Salvelinus_namaycush__lake_trout__salmon_trout large fork-tailed trout of lakes of Canada and the northern United States
subtype: #Salvelinus_fontinalis__brook_trout__speckled_trout North American freshwater trout; introduced in Europe
subtype: #whitefish silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #lake_whitefish__Coregonus_clupeaformis found in Great Lakes and north to Alaska
subtype: #Coregonus_artedi__cisco__lake_herring important food fish of cold deep lakes of North America
subtype: #round_whitefish__Menominee_whitefish__Prosopium_cylindraceum bronze-backed whitefish of northern North America and Siberia
subtype: #Rocky_Mountain_whitefish__Prosopium_williamsonii whitefish of the western United States and Canada
subtype: #sea_bass any of various food and sport fishes of the United States Atlantic coast having an elongated body and long spiny dorsal fin
subtype: #blackmouth_bass__Synagrops_bellus small marine fish with black mouth and gill cavity
subtype: #rock_sea_bass__rock_bass__Centropristis_philadelphica a kind of sea bass
subtype: #black_sea_bass__black_bass__Centropistes_striata bluish black-striped sea bass of the Atlantic coast of the United States
subtype: #Roccus_saxatilis__striped_bass__striper__rockfish marine food and game fish with dark longitudinal stripes; migrates upriver to spawn; sometimes placed in the genus Morone
subtype: #stone_bass__wreckfish__Polyprion_americanus brown fish of the Atlantic and Mediterranean found around rocks and shipwrecks
subtype: #belted_sandfish__Serranus_subligarius found in warm shallow waters of western Atlantic
subtype: #grouper usually solitary bottom sea basses of warm seas
subtype: #Epinephelus_fulvus__coney black-spotted usually dusky-colored fish with reddish fins
subtype: #hind.grouper any of several mostly spotted fishes that resemble groupers
subtype: #rock_hind__Epinephelus_adscensionis found around rocky coasts or on reefs
subtype: #creole-fish__Paranthias_furcifer deep-sea fish of tropical Atlantic
subtype: #jewfish__mycteropercabonaci large dark grouper with a thick head and rough scales
subtype: #snapper any of several large sharp-toothed marine food and sport fishes of the family Lutjanidae of mainly tropical coastal waters
subtype: #Lutjanus_blackfordi__red_snapper esteemed food fish with pinkish red head and body; common in American Atlantic coastal waters and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #gray_snapper__mangrove_snapper__Lutjanus_griseus found in shallow waters off the coast of Florida
subtype: #mutton_snapper__muttonfish__Lutjanus_analis similar to and often marketed as "red snapper"
subtype: #Lutjanus_apodus__schoolmaster food fish of warm Caribbean and Atlantic waters
subtype: #yellowtail_snapper__yellowtail__Ocyurus_chrysurus superior food fish of the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean with broad yellow stripe along the sides and on the tail
subtype: #tuna__tunny any very large marine food and game fish of the genus Thunnus; related to mackerel; chiefly of warm waters
subtype: #long-fin_tunny__albacore__Thunnus_alalunga large pelagic tuna the source of most canned tuna; reaches 93 pounds and has long pectoral fins; found worldwide in tropical and temperate waters
subtype: #horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__bluefin__bluefin_tuna__bluefintuna__Thunnus_thynnus largest tuna; to 1500 pounds; of mostly temperate seas: feed in polar regions but breed in tropics
subtype: #yellowfin_tuna__yellowfintuna__yellowfin__Thunnus_albacares may reach 400 pounds; worldwide in tropics
subtype: #sole.flatfish right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European
subtype: #European_sole__Solea_solea highly valued as food
subtype: #Solea_lascaris__lemon_sole__lemonsole small European sole
subtype: #Parophrys_vitulus__English_sole__lemon_sole__lemonsole popular pale brown food flatfish of the Pacific coast of North America
subtype: #sand_sole__Psettichthys_melanostichus common flatfish of North American Pacific coast
subtype: #hogchoker__Trinectes_maculatus useless as food; in coastal streams from Maine to Texas and Panama
subtype: #rough_fish__roughfish any fish useless for food or sport or even as bait
subtype: #mouthbreeder any of various fishes that carry their eggs and their young in their mouths
subtype: #spawner a female fish at spawning time
subtype: #bony_fish any fish of the class Osteichthyes
subtype: #crossopterygian__lobefin__lobe-finned_fish any fish of the order Crossopterygii; most known only in fossil form
subtype: #coelacanth__Latimeria_chalumnae fish thought to have been extinct since the Cretaceous Period but found in 1938 off the coast of Africa
subtype: #lungfish air-breathing fish having an elongated body and fleshy paired fins; certain species construct mucus-lined mud coverings in which to survive drought
subtype: #ceratodus extinct lungfish
subtype: #barramunda__barramundi__Neoceratodus_forsteri large edible Australian lungfish having paddle-shaped fins
subtype: #teleost_fish__teleostfish__teleost__teleostan a bony fish of the subclass Teleostei
subtype: #soft-finned_fish__malacopterygian any fish of the superorder Malacopterygii
subtype: #order_Ostariophysi__Ostariophysi in some classifications considered a superorder comprising the Cypriniformes and the Siluriformes
subtype: #cypriniform_fish__cypriniformfish a soft-finned fish of the order Cypriniformes
subtype: #loach slender freshwater fishes of Eurasia and Africa resembling catfishes
subtype: #cyprinid_fish__cyprinid soft-finned mainly freshwater fishes typically having toothless jaws and cycloid scales
subtype: #carp any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae
subtype: #domestic_carp__Cyprinus_carpio large Old World freshwater bottom-feeding fish introduced into Europe from Asia; inhabits ponds and sluggish streams and often raised for food; introduced into United States where it has become a pest
subtype: #leather_carp__leathercarp scaleless domestic carp
subtype: #mirror_carp domestic carp with some large large shining scales
subtype: #tench__Tinca_tinca freshwater dace-like game fish of Europe and western Asia noted for ability to survive outside water
subtype: #dace__Leuciscus_leuciscus small European freshwater fish with a slender bluish-green body
subtype: #chub__Leuciscus_cephalus European freshwater game fish with a thick spindle-shaped body
subtype: #shiner any of numerous small silvery North American cyprinid fishes especially of the genus Notropis
subtype: #emerald_shiner__emeraldshiner__Notropis_atherinoides small blunt-nosed fish of Great Lakes and Mississippi valley with a greenish luster
subtype: #common_shiner__silversides__Notropis_cornutus the common North American shiner
subtype: #golden_shiner__Notemigonus_crysoleucas shiner of eastern North America having golden glints; sometimes also called `bream'
subtype: #Rutilus_rutilus__roach European freshwater food fish having a greenish back
subtype: #rudd__Scardinius_erythrophthalmus European freshwater fish resembling the roach
subtype: #minnow__Phoxinus_phoxinus very small European freshwater fish common in gravelly streams
subtype: #gudgeon__gobiogobio small slender European freshwater fish often used as bait by anglers
subtype: #goldfish__Carassius_auratus small golden or orange-red freshwater fishes of Eurasia used as pond or aquarium fishes
subtype: #silverfish a silvery variety of Carassius auratus
subtype: #crucian_carp__cruciancarp__Carassius_carassius__Carassius_vulgaris European carp closely resembling wild goldfish
subtype: #electric_eel__Electrophorus_electric eel-shaped freshwater fish of South America having electric organs in its body
subtype: #catostomid a cypriniform fish of the family Catostomidae
subtype: #sucker mostly North American freshwater fishes with a thick-lipped mouth for feeding by suction; related to carps
subtype: #buffalo_fish__buffalofish__buffalofish any of several large suckers of the Mississippi valley
subtype: #black_buffalo__blackbuffalo__Ictiobus_niger fish of the lower Mississippi
subtype: #hog_sucker__hogsucker__hog_molly__hogmolly__Hypentelium_nigricans widely distributed in warm clear shallow streams
subtype: #redhorse_sucker__redhorse North American sucker with reddish fins
subtype: #cyprinodont any member of the family Cyprinodontidae
subtype: #killifish small mostly marine warm-water carp-like schooling fishes; used as bait or aquarium fishes or in mosquito control
subtype: #mummichog__Fundulus_heteroclitus silver-and-black killifish of saltwater marshes along the United States Atlantic coast
subtype: #striped_killifish__stripedkillifish__mayfish__fundulusmajali black-barred fish of bays and coastal marshes of United States Atlantic and Gulf coasts
subtype: #rivulus__rivulu found in small streams of tropical America; often kept in aquariums; usually hermaphroditic
subtype: #American_flagfish__flagfish__Jordanella_floridae flagfish with a dark-blue back and whitish sides with red stripes; found in swamps and streams of Florida
subtype: #swordtail__helleri__Xyphophorus_helleri freshwater fish of Central America having a long swordlike tail; popular aquarium fish
subtype: #guppy__rainbow_fish__rainbowfish__Lebistes_reticulatus small freshwater fish of South America and West Indies; often kept in aquariums
subtype: #topminnow__poeciliid_fish__poeciliidfish__poeciliid__live-bearer small usually brightly-colored viviparous surface-feeding fishes of fresh or brackish warm waters; often used in mosquito control
subtype: #mosquitofish__Gambusia_affinis silvery topminnow with rows of black spots of tropical North America and West Indies; important in mosquito control
subtype: #platy__Platypoecilus_maculatus small stocky Mexican fish; popular aquarium fish
subtype: #mollie__molly popular aquarium fish
subtype: #characin_fish__characin__characid any freshwater fish of the family Characinidae
subtype: #tetra brightly colored tropical freshwater fishes
subtype: #cardinal_tetra__Paracheirodon_axelrodi small bright red and blue aquarium fish from streams in Brazil and Columbia
subtype: #piranha__pirana__caribe small voraciously carnivorous freshwater fishes of South America that attack and destroy living animals
subtype: #siluriform_fish__catfish any of numerous mostly freshwater bottom-living fishes of Eurasia and North America with barbels like whiskers around the mouth
subtype: #silurid_fish__siluridfish__silurid Old World freshwater catfishes having naked skin and a long anal fin more or less merged with the eellike caudal fin
subtype: #European_catfish__sheatfish__Silurus_glanis large elongated catfish of central and eastern Europe
subtype: #electric_catfish__Malopterurus_electricus freshwater catfish of the Nile and tropical central Africa having an electric organ
subtype: #bullhead any of several common freshwater catfishes of the United States
subtype: #horned_pout__hornpout__pout__Ameiurus_Melas catfish common in eastern United States
subtype: #brown_bullhead__brownbullhead freshwater catfish of eastern United States
subtype: #channel_catfish__channel_cat__Ictalurus_punctatus freshwater food fish common throughout central United States
subtype: #blue_catfish__blue_cat__blue_channel_catfish__blue_channel_cat a large catfish of the Mississippi valley
subtype: #flathead_catfish__mudcat__goujon__shovelnose_catfish__spoonbill_catfish__spoonbillcatfish__Pylodictus_olivaris large catfish of central United States having a flattened head and projecting jaw
subtype: #armored_catfish South American catfish having the body covered with bony plates
subtype: #sea_catfish any of numerous marine fishes most of which are mouthbreeders; not used for food
subtype: #crucifix_fish catfish of the Caribbean area
subtype: #gadoid_fish__gadoid a soft-finned fish of the family Gadidae
subtype: #cod__codfish major food fish of arctic and cold-temperate waters
subtype: #codling young codfish
subtype: #Atlantic_cod__Gadus_morhua one of the world's most important commercial fishes
subtype: #Pacific_cod__Alaska_cod__Gadus_macrocephalus closely related to Atlantic cod
subtype: #burbot__eelpout__ling__cusk__Lota_lota elongate freshwater cod of northern Europe and Asia and North America having barbels around its mouth
subtype: #scrod__schrod young Atlantic cod or haddock especially one split and boned for cooking
subtype: #Merlangus_merlangus__whiting__Gadus_merlangus a food fish of European Atlantic waters resembling the cod; sometimes placed in genus Gadus
subtype: #Melanogrammus_aeglefinus__haddock important food fish on both sides of the Atlantic; related to cod but usually smaller
subtype: #Pollachius_pollachius__pollack important food and game fish of northern seas especially North Atlantic; related to cod
subtype: #hake any of several marine food fishes related to cod
subtype: #silver_hake__Merluccius_bilinearis__whiting found off Atlantic coast of North America
subtype: #ling American hakes
subtype: #Molva_molva__ling elongated marine food fish of Greenland and northern Europe; often salted and dried
subtype: #torsk__Brosme_brosme large edible marine fish of northern coastal waters; related to cod
subtype: #rattail__grenadier__rattail_fish__rattailfish deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail
subtype: #eel voracious snakelike marine or freshwater fishes with smooth slimy usually scaleless skin and having a continuous vertical fin but no ventral fins
subtype: #elver young eel
subtype: #common_eel__freshwater_eel eels that live in fresh water as adults but return to sea to spawn; found in Europe and America; marketed both fresh and smoked
subtype: #Anguilla_sucklandii__tuna New Zealand eel
subtype: #moray_eel__morayeel__moray family of brightly colored voracious eels of warm coastal waters; generally nonaggressive to humans but larger species are dangerous if provoked
subtype: #conger_eel__conger large somber-colored scaleless marine eel found in temperate and tropical coastal waters; some used for food
subtype: #beaked_salmon__sandfish__Gonorhynchus_gonorhynchus fish of sandy areas of western Pacific and Indian oceans having an angular snout for burrowing into sand
subtype: #clupeid_fish__clupeidfish__clupeid any of numerous soft-finned schooling food fishes of shallow waters of northern seas
subtype: #shad herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn
subtype: #Alosa_pseudoharengus__alewife__Pomolobus_pseudoharengus shad-like food fish that runs rivers to spawn; often salted or smoked; sometimes placed in genus Pomolobus
subtype: #menhaden__Brevoortia_tyrannis shad-like North American marine fishes used for fish meal and oil and fertilizer
subtype: #Clupea_harangus__herring commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #sardine any of various small edible herring or related food fishes frequently canned
subtype: #Sardina_pilchardus__pilchard__sardine small fishes found in great schools along coasts of Europe; smaller and rounder than herring
subtype: #Pacific_sardine__Sardinops_caerulea small pilchards common off the pacific coast of North America
subtype: #anchovy small herring-like plankton-feeding fishes often canned whole or as paste; abundant in tropical waters worldwide
subtype: #mediterranean_anchovy__mediterraneananchovy__Engraulis_encrasicholus esteemed for its flavor; usually preserved or used for sauces and relishes
subtype: #salmonid soft-finned fishes of cold and temperate waters
subtype: #salmon any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn
subtype: #trout any of various game and food fishes of cool fresh waters mostly smaller than typical salmons
subtype: #char any of several small-scaled trout
subtype: #Arctic_char__Salvelinus_alpinus small trout of northern waters; landlocked populations in Quebec and northern New England
subtype: #whitefish silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #smelt small trout-like silvery marine or freshwater food fishes of cold northern waters
subtype: #rainbow_smelt__rainbowsmelt__Osmerus_mordax important marine and landlocked food fish of eastern North America and Alaska
subtype: #Osmerus_eperlanus__sparling__European_smelt the common smelt of Europe
subtype: #capelin__capelan__caplin very small northern fish; forage for sea birds and marine mammals and other fishes
subtype: #tarpon__Tarpon_atlanticus large silvery game fish of warm Atlantic coastal waters especially off Florida
subtype: #ladyfish__tenpounder__Elops_saurus game fish resembling the tarpon but smaller
subtype: #bonefish__Albula_vulpes slender silvery marine fish found in tropical mud flats and mangrove lagoons
subtype: #argentine any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes
subtype: #lanternfish small fish having rows of luminous organs along each side; some surface at night
subtype: #lizardfish__snakefish tropical fishes with large mouths in lizard-like heads; found worldwide
subtype: #greeneye bottom-livers having large eyes with metallic green luster
subtype: #lancetfish__lancet_fish__wolffish large elongate scaleless oceanic fishes with sharp teeth and a long sail-like dorsal fin
subtype: #handsaw_fish__handsawfish a soft-finned fish of the genus Alepisaurus
subtype: #opah__moonfish__Lampris_regius large elliptical brightly colored deep-sea fish of Atlantic and Pacific and Mediterranean
subtype: #New_World_opah__Lampris_guttatus from Nova Scotia to West Indies and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #ribbonfish marine fish having a long compressed ribbon-like body
subtype: #dealfish__Trachipterus_arcticus deep-sea ribbonfish
subtype: #oarfish__king_of_the_herring__ribbonfish__Regalecus_glesne thin deep-water tropical fish 20 to 30 feet long having a red dorsal fin
subtype: #cornetfish slender tropical fish with a long tubular snout and bony plates instead of scales
subtype: #pipefish__needlefish fish with long tubular snout and slim body covered with bony plates
subtype: #dwarf_pipefish__dwarfpipefish__Syngnathus_hildebrandi small (4 inches) fish found off Florida gulf coast
subtype: #deepwater_pipefish__deepwaterpipefish__Cosmocampus_profundus 8 inches; from eastern Florida to western Caribbean
subtype: #seahorse__sea_horse__seahorse small fish with horselike heads bent sharply downward and curled tails; swim in upright position
subtype: #snipefish__bellows_fish__bellowsfish small bottom-dwelling fish of warm seas having a compressed body and a long snout with a toothless mouth
subtype: #shrimpfish slender tropical shallow-water East Indian fish covered with transparent plates
subtype: #trumpetfish__aulostomusmaculatu tropical Atlantic fish with a long snout; swims snout down
subtype: #needlefish__gar__billfish elongate European surface-dwelling predacious fishes with long toothed jaws; abundant in coastal waters
subtype: #timucu found in warm waters of western Atlantic
subtype: #flying_fish tropical marine fishes having enlarged winglike fins used for brief gliding flight
subtype: #monoplane_flying_fish__two-wing_flying_fish having only pectoral fins enlarged
subtype: #biplane_flying_fish__four-wing_flying_fish having both pectoral and pelvic fins enlarged
subtype: #halfbeak tropical and subtropical marine and freshwater fishes having an elongated body and long protruding lower jaw
subtype: #saury__billfish__Scomberesox_saurus slender long-beaked fish of temperate Atlantic waters
subtype: #spiny-finned_fish__acanthopterygian a teleost fish with fins that are supported by sharp inflexible rays
subtype: #squirrelfish very small brightly colored (especially red) nocturnal fishes of shallow waters of tropical reefs; they make sounds like a squirrel's bark
subtype: #reef_squirrelfish__Holocentrus_coruscus on reefs from Bermuda and Florida to northern South America
subtype: #deepwater_squirrelfish__deepwatersquirrelfish__Holocentrus_bullisi a squirrelfish found from South Carolina to Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #Holocentrus_ascensionis bright red fish of West Indies and Bermuda
subtype: #soldierfish the larger squirrelfishes
subtype: #anomalops__anomalop__flashlight_fish fish having a luminous organ beneath eye; of warm waters of the western Pacific and Puerto Rico
subtype: #flashlight_fish__Photoblepharon_palpebratus fish of deep dark waters having a light organ below each eye
subtype: #dory marine fishes widely distributed in mid-waters and deep slope waters
subtype: #John_dory__Zeus_faber European dory
subtype: #Capros_aper__boarfish fish with a projecting snout
subtype: #boarfish fish with large eyes and long snouts
subtype: #stickleback__prickleback small (2-4 inches) pugnacious mostly scaleless spiny-backed fishes of northern fresh and littoral waters having elaborate courtship; subjects of much research
subtype: #three-spined_stickleback__Gasterosteus_aculeatus of rivers and coastal regions
subtype: #ten-spined_stickleback__Gasterosteus_pungitius confined to rivers
subtype: #batfish bottom-dweller of warm western Atlantic coastal waters having a flattened scaleless body that crawls about on fleshy pectoral and pelvic fins
subtype: #goosefish__angler__anglerfish__angler_fish__monkfish__lotte__allmouth__Lophius_Americanus fishes having large mouths with a wormlike filament attached for luring prey
subtype: #toadfish__Opsanus_tau bottom-dwelling fish having scaleless slimy skin and a broad thick head with a wide mouth
subtype: #oyster_fish__oysterfish a variety of toadfish
subtype: #frogfish fish having a frog-like mouth with a lure on the snout
subtype: #sargassum_fish__sargassumfish small fantastically formed and colored fishes found among masses of sargassum
subtype: #percoid_fish__percoidfish__percoid__percoidean any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformes
subtype: #perch.percoid_fish any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of various families of the order Perciformes
subtype: #perch_flesh__perch spiny-finned freshwater food and game fishes
subtype: #yellow_perch__Perca_flavescens North American perch
subtype: #European_perch__Perca_fluviatilis a perch native to Europe
subtype: #pikeperch__pike_perch any of several pike-like fishes of the perch family
subtype: #walleyed_pike__walleye__jack_salmon__Stizostedion_vitreum pike-like freshwater perches
subtype: #blue_pike__blue_pickerel__blue_pikeperch__blue_walleye__Strizostedion_vitreum_glaucum variety inhabiting the Great Lakes
subtype: #snail_darter__snaildarter__Percina_tanasi 3-inch snail-eating perch of the Tennessee River
subtype: #sandfish either of two small silvery scaleless fishes of the north Pacific that burrow into sand
subtype: #cusk-eel elongate compressed somewhat eel-shaped fishes
subtype: #brotula deep-sea fishes
subtype: #pearlfish found living within the alimentary canals of e.g. sea cucumbers or between the shells of pearl oysters in or near shallow seagrass beds
subtype: #robolo a kind of percoid fish
subtype: #snook large tropical American food and game fishes of coastal and brackish waters; resemble pike
subtype: #pike any of several elongate long-snouted freshwater game and food fishes widely distributed in cooler parts of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #northern_pike__Esox_lucius voracious piscivorous pike of waters of northern hemisphere
subtype: #Esox_masquinongy__muskellunge large (60 to 80 pounds) sport fish of North America
subtype: #pickerel any of several North American species of small pike
subtype: #chain_pickerel__chainpickerel__chain_pike__chainpike__Esox_niger common in quiet waters of eastern United States
subtype: #redfin_pickerel__barred_pickerel__Esox_americanus small but gamy pickerel of Atlantic coastal states
subtype: #centrarchid__sunfish small carnivorous freshwater percoid fishes of North America usually having a laterally compressed body and metallic luster: crappies; black bass; bluegills; pumpkinseed
subtype: #crappie small sunfishes of central United States rivers
subtype: #black_crappie__blackcrappie__Pomoxis_nigromaculatus a crappie that is black
subtype: #white_crappie__whitecrappie__Pomoxis_annularis a crappie that is white
subtype: #freshwater_bream__bream any of various usually edible freshwater percoid fishes having compressed bodies and shiny scales; especially (but not exclusively) of the genus Lepomis
subtype: #European_bream__Abramis_brama European freshwater fish having a flattened body and silvery scales; of little value as food
subtype: #bluegill__Lepomis_macrochirus important edible sunfish of eastern and central United States
subtype: #spotted_sunfish__spottedsunfish__stumpknocker__Lepomis_punctatus inhabits streams from South Carolina to Florida; esteemed panfish
subtype: #pumpkinseed__Lepomis_gibbosus small brilliantly colored North American sunfish
subtype: #rock_bass__rock_sunfish__Ambloplites_rupestris game and food fish of upper Mississippi and Great Lakes
subtype: #black_bass widely distributed and highly prized American freshwater game fishes (sunfish family)
subtype: #Kentucky_black_bass__spotted_black_bass__Micropterus_pseudoplites a variety of black bass
subtype: #smallmouth_black_bass__smallmouth__smallmouth_bass__smallmouthed_bass__smallmouthed_black_bass__Micropterus_dolomieu a variety of black bass; the angle of the jaw falls below the eye
subtype: #largemouth_black_bass__largemouth__largemouth_bass__largemouthed_bass__largemouthed_black_bass__Micropterus_salmoides a large black bass; the angle of the jaw falls behind the eye
subtype: #bass.percoid_fish__bas nontechnical name for any of numerous edible marine and freshwater spiny-finned fishes
subtype: #freshwater_bass North American food and game fish
subtype: #serranid_fish__serranid marine food sport fishes mainly of warm coastal waters
subtype: #white_perch__whiteperch__silver_perch__Morone_americana small silvery food and game fish of eastern United States streams
subtype: #yellow_bass__Morone_interrupta North American freshwater bass resembling the larger marine striped bass
subtype: #sea_bass any of various food and sport fishes of the United States Atlantic coast having an elongated body and long spiny dorsal fin
subtype: #soapfish fishes with slimy mucus-covered skin; found in warm American Atlantic coastal waters
subtype: #surfperch__surffish__surf_fish small to medium-sized shallow-water fishes of the North American Pacific coast
subtype: #rainbow_seaperch__rainbowseaperch__rainbow_perch__rainbowperch__Hipsurus_caryi Pacific coast fish
subtype: #bigeye red fishes of American coastal tropical waters having very large eyes and rough scales
subtype: #catalufa__Priacanthus_arenatus brightly colored carnivorous fish of western Atlantic and West Indies waters
subtype: #cardinalfish small red fishes of coral reefs and inshore tropical waters
subtype: #flamefish__Apogon_maculatus found in tropical Atlantic coastal waters
subtype: #conchfish__astropogonstellatu found in West Indies; lives in mantle cavity of a living conch
subtype: #tilefish__Lopholatilus_chamaeleonticeps yellow-spotted violet food fish of warm deep waters
subtype: #Pomatomus_saltatrix__bluefish bluish warm-water marine food and game fish that follow schools of small fishes into shallow waters
subtype: #cobia__Rachycentron_canadum__sergeant_fish large dark-striped tropical food and game fish related to remoras; found worldwide in coastal to open waters
subtype: #carangid_fish__carangid a percoid fish of the family Carangidae
subtype: #jack any of several fast-swimming predacious fishes of tropical to warm-temperate seas
subtype: #crevalle_jack__jack_crevalle__Caranx_hippos fish of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #Caranx_bartholomaei__yellow_jack fish of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #blue_runner__runner__Caranx_crysos fish of western Atlantic: Cape Cod to Brazil
subtype: #rainbow_runner__rainbowrunner__Elagatis_bipinnulata streamlined cigar-shaped jack; good game fish
subtype: #leatherjack__leatherjacket any of several New World tropical fishes having tiny embedded scales
subtype: #threadfish__Alectis_ciliaris fish having greatly elongated front rays on dorsal and anal fins
subtype: #amberjack__amberfish any of several amber to coppery fork-tailed warm-water carangid fishes
subtype: #yellowtail__Seriola_dorsalis game fish of S California and Mexico having a yellow tail fin
subtype: #banded_rudderfish__rudderfish__Seriola_zonata fish having the habit of following ships; found in North and South American coastal waters
subtype: #Seriola_grandis__kingfish large game fish of Australia and New Zealand
subtype: #Atlantic_moonfish__moonfish__horsefish__horsehead__dollarfish__Selene_setapinnis any of several silvery marine fishes with very flat bodies
subtype: #lookdown_fish__lookdown__Selene_vomer similar to moonfish but with eyes high on the truncated forehead
subtype: #pompano any of several deep-bodied food fishes of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #Florida_pompano__Trachinotus_carolinus found in coastal waters New England to Brazil except clear waters of West Indies
subtype: #Trachinotus_falcatus__permit large game fish; found in waters of the West Indies
subtype: #pilotfish__Naucrates_ductor small pelagic fish often accompanying sharks or mantas
subtype: #scad any of a number of fishes of the family Carangidae
subtype: #jack_mackerel__horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__Spanish_mackerel__saurel__Trachurus_symmetricus a California food fish
subtype: #saurel__horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__Trachurus_trachurus large elongated compressed food fish of European Atlantic waters
subtype: #bigeye_scad__big-eyed_scad__goggle-eye__Selar_crumenophthalmus of Atlantic coastal waters; commonly used for bait
subtype: #mackerel_scad__mackerel_shad__Decapterus_macarellus small silvery fish; Nova Scotia to Brazil
subtype: #round_scad__roundscad__cigarfish__quiaquia__Decapterus_punctatus small fusiform fish of western Atlantic
subtype: #mahimahi__dolphinfish__dolphin large slender food and game fish widely distributed in warm seas (especially around Hawaii)
subtype: #Coryphaena_hippurus the more common dolphinfish valued as food; about six feet long
subtype: #Coryphaena_equisetis a kind of dolphinfish
subtype: #blanquillo__tilefish important marine food fishes
subtype: #cichlid_fish__cichlidfish__cichlid freshwater fishes of tropical America and Africa and Asia similar to American sunfishes; some are food fishes; many small ones are popular in aquariums
subtype: #bolti__Tilapia_nilotica important food fish of the Nile and other rivers of Africa and Asia Minor
subtype: #snapper any of several large sharp-toothed marine food and sport fishes of the family Lutjanidae of mainly tropical coastal waters
subtype: #grunt medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter a grunting sound when caught
subtype: #margate__Haemulon_album red-mouthed grunt found from Florida to Brazil
subtype: #Spanish_grunt__Haemulon_macrostomum a kind of grunt
subtype: #tomtate__Haemulon_aurolineatum found off the West Indies and Florida
subtype: #cottonwick__Haemulon_malanurum of warm Atlantic waters
subtype: #sailor's-choice__sailors_choice__sailorschoice__Haemulon_parra found from Florida to Brazil and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #porkfish__Anisotremus_virginicus black and gold grunt found from Bermuda to Caribbean to Brazil
subtype: #black_margate__blackmargate__pompon__Anisotremus_surinamensis dusky gray food fish found from Louisiana and Florida southward
subtype: #pigfish__hogfish__Orthopristis_chrysopterus found from Long Island southward
subtype: #sparid_fish__sparid spiny-finned food fishes of warm waters having well-developed teeth
subtype: #sheepshead__Archosargus_probatocephalus large (up to 20 lbs) food fish of the eastern coast of the United States and Mexico
subtype: #pinfish__sailor's-choice__squirrelfish__Lagodon_rhomboides similar to sea bream; small spiny-finned fish found in bays along the southeastern coast of the United States
subtype: #Chrysophrys_auratus__snapper Australian food fish having a pinkish body with blue spots
subtype: #sea_bream__seabream__bream any of numerous marine percoid fishes especially (but not exclusively) of the family Sparidae
subtype: #pomfret__Brama_raii deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of North Atlantic and North Pacific; valued for food
subtype: #porgy important deep-bodied food and sport fish of warm and tropical coastal waters; found worldwide
subtype: #red_porgy__redporgy__Pagrus_pagrus food fish of the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe and America
subtype: #sheepshead_porgy__Calamus_penna from Florida and Bahamas to Brazil
subtype: #northern_scup__scup__northern_porgy__Stenotomus_chrysops found in Atlantic coastal waters of North America from South Carolina to Maine; esteemed as a panfish
subtype: #southern_scup__scup__southern_porgy__Stenotomus_aculeatus porgy of southern Atlantic coastal waters of North America
subtype: #European_sea_bream__Pagellus_centrodontus food fish of European coastal waters
subtype: #Atlantic_sea_bream__Archosargus_rhomboidalis sea bream of warm Atlantic waters
subtype: #black_bream__blackbream__Chrysophrys_australis important dark-colored edible food and game fish of Australia
subtype: #sciaenid_fish__sciaenid widely distributed family of carnivorous percoid fishes having a large air bladder used to produce sound
subtype: #drumfish__drum small to medium-sized bottom-dwelling food and game fishes of shallow coastal and fresh waters that make a drumming noise
subtype: #striped_drum__stripeddrum__Equetus_pulcher a kind of drumfish
subtype: #jackknife-fish__jackknifefish__Equetus_lanceolatus black-and-white drumfish with an erect elongated dorsal fin
subtype: #silver_perch__mademoiselle__Bairdiella_chrysoura small silvery drumfish often mistaken for white perch; found along coasts of United States from New York to Mexico
subtype: #red_drum__reddrum__channel_bass__redfish__Sciaenops_ocellatus large edible fish found off coast of United States from Massachusetts to Mexico
subtype: #mulloway__jewfish__sciaenaantarctica large important food fish of Australia; almost indistinguishable from the maigre
subtype: #maigre__maiger__Sciaena_aquila large European marine food fish
subtype: #croaker any of several fishes that make a croaking noise
subtype: #Atlantic_croaker__Micropogonias_undulatus silvery-bodied with dark markings and tiny barbels
subtype: #yellowfin_croaker__yellowfincroaker__surffish__surf_fish__Umbrina_roncador fish of North American Pacific coast
subtype: #chenfish__white_croaker__whitecroaker__kingfish__Genyonemus_lineatus small silvery marine food fish found off California
subtype: #white_croaker__whitecroaker__queenfish__Seriphus_politus silvery and bluish drumfish of shallow California coastal waters
subtype: #whiting any of several food fishes of North American coastal waters
subtype: #kingfish any of several food and game fishes of the drum family indigenous to warm Atlantic waters of the North American coast
subtype: #king_whiting__Menticirrhus_americanus whiting of the southeastern coast of North America
subtype: #northern_whiting__Menticirrhus_saxatilis whiting of the east coast of United States; closely resembles king whiting
subtype: #corbina__menticirrhusundulatu bluish-gray whiting of California coast
subtype: #silver_whiting__Menticirrhus_littoralis a dull silvery whiting of southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States
subtype: #sea_trout.sciaenid_fish__seatrout any of several sciaenid fishes of North American coastal waters
subtype: #Cynoscion_regalis__weakfish food and game fish of North American coastal waters with a mouth from which hooks easily tear out
subtype: #spotted_weakfish__spottedweakfish__spotted_sea_trout__spottedseatrout__spotted_squeateague__spottedsqueateague__Cynoscion_nebulosus weakfish of southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States
subtype: #mullet bottom-dwelling marine warm-water fishes with two barbels on the chin
subtype: #goatfish__red_mullet__redmullet__surmullet__Mullus_surmuletus brightly colored tropical fishes with chin barbels
subtype: #red_goatfish__redgoatfish__mullusauratu body bright scarlet with 2 yellow to reddish strips on side
subtype: #yellow_goatfish__Mulloidichthys_martinicus schooling goatfish; grayish with yellow stripe
subtype: #gray_mullet__mullet freshwater or coastal food fishes a spindle-shaped body; found worldwide
subtype: #striped_mullet__stripedmullet__Mugil_cephalus most important commercial mullet in eastern United States
subtype: #white_mullet__whitemullet__mugilcurema silvery mullet of Atlantic and Pacific coasts
subtype: #Mugil_liza__liza similar to the striped mullet and takes its place in the Caribbean region
subtype: #sea_chub__seachub schooling fishes mostly of Indian and western Pacific oceans; two species in western Atlantic
subtype: #Bermuda_chub__rudderfish__Kyphosus_sectatrix food and game fish around Bermuda and Florida; often follow ships
subtype: #spadefish__angelfish__Chaetodipterus_faber deep-bodied disk-shaped food fish of warmer western Atlantic coastal waters
subtype: #butterfly_fish__butterflyfish small usually brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes having narrow deep bodies with large broad fins; found worldwide
subtype: #chaetodon any fish of the genus Chaetodon
subtype: #angelfish a butterfly fish of the genus Pomacanthus
subtype: #rock_beauty__Holocanthus_tricolor gold and black butterflyfish found from West Indies to Brazil
subtype: #damselfish__demoiselle small brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes of coral reefs
subtype: #beaugregory__Pomacentrus_leucostictus blue-and-yellow damselfish of Bermuda Florida and West Indies
subtype: #anemone_fish__anemonefish live associated with sea anemones
subtype: #clown_anemone_fish__clownanemonefish__Amphiprion_percula an anemone fish of the genus Amphiprion
subtype: #Abudefduf_saxatilis__sergeant_major large blue-gray black-striped damselfish; nearly worldwide
subtype: #wrasse chiefly tropical marine fishes with fleshy lips and powerful teeth; usually brightly colored
subtype: #giant_pigfish__giantpigfish__pigfish__Achoerodus_gouldii found around the Great Barrier Reef
subtype: #hogfish__hog_snapper__hogsnapper__Lachnolaimus_maximus large wrasse of western Atlantic; head of male resembles a pig's snout
subtype: #slippery_dick__Halicoeres_bivittatus small wrasse of tropical Atlantic
subtype: #puddingwife__Halicoeres_radiatus bluish and bronze wrasse; found from Florida keys to Brazil
subtype: #bluehead__Thalassoma_bifasciatum small Atlantic wrasse the male of which has a brilliant blue head
subtype: #razorfish any of several small wrasses with compressed sharp-edged heads of the West Indies and Mediterranean
subtype: #pearly_razorfish__Hemipteronatus_novacula a kind of razorfish
subtype: #tautog__blackfish__Tautoga_onitis large dark-colored food fish of the Atlantic coast of North America
subtype: #cunner__bergall__Tautogolabrus_adspersus common in north Atlantic coastal waters of the United States
subtype: #parrotfish__pollyfish gaudy tropical fishes with parrotlike beaks formed by fusion of teeth
subtype: #threadfin mullet-like tropical marine fishes having pectoral fins with long threadlike rays
subtype: #barbu__polydactylusvirginicu found along western Atlantic coast
subtype: #jawfish small large-mouthed tropical marine fishes common along sandy bottoms; males brood egg balls in their mouths; popular aquarium fishes
subtype: #stargazer heavy-bodied marine bottom-lurkers with eyes on flattened top of the head
subtype: #sand_stargazer small pallid fishes of shoal tropical waters of North and South America having eyes on stalks atop head; they burrow in sand to await prey
subtype: #blennioid_fish__blennioidfish__blennioid elongated mostly scaleless marine fishes with large pectoral fins and reduced pelvic fins
subtype: #combtooth_blenny__combtoothblenny__blenny small usually scaleless fishes with comb-like teeth living about rocky shores; territorial and hole-dwelling
subtype: #shanny__Blennius_pholis European scaleless blenny
subtype: #Molly_Miller__Scartella_cristata inhabits both coasts of tropical Atlantic
subtype: #clinid_fish__clinid mostly small blennioid fishes of coral reefs and seagrass beds
subtype: #pikeblenny tropical American fishes; males are aggressively defensive of their territory
subtype: #bluethroat_pikeblenny__Chaenopsis_ocellata found from Florida to Cuba
subtype: #gunnel__bracketed_blenny__bracketedblenny small eellike fishes common in shallow waters of the North Atlantic
subtype: #rock_gunnel__butterfish__Pholis_gunnellus slippery scaleless food fish of North Atlantic coastal waters
subtype: #prickleback small elongate fishes of shallow northern seas; a long dorsal fin consists entirely of spines
subtype: #snakeblenny__Lumpenus_lumpretaeformis found in Arctic and North Atlantic
subtype: #eelblenny eellike fishes found in subarctic coastal waters
subtype: #wrymouth__ghostfish__Cryptacanthodes_maculatus eellike Atlantic bottom fish with large almost vertical mouth
subtype: #wolffish__wolf_fish__catfish large ferocious northern deep-sea food fishes with strong teeth and no pelvic fins
subtype: #eelpout__pout marine eellike mostly bottom-dwelling fishes of northern seas
subtype: #viviparous_eelpout__Zoarces_viviparus an eelpout of northern Europe that is viviparous
subtype: #fish_doctor__Gymnelis_viridis brightly colored scaleless Arctic eelpout
subtype: #ocean_pout__oceanpout__Macrozoarces_americanus common along northeastern coast of North America
subtype: #goby__gudgeon small spiny-finned fish of coastal or brackish waters having a large head and elongated tapering body having the ventral fins modified as a sucker
subtype: #mudskipper__mudspringer found in tropical coastal regions of Africa and Asia; able to move on land on strong pectoral fins
subtype: #sleeper_goby__sleepergoby__sleeper tropical fish that resembles a goby and rests quietly on the bottom in shallow water
subtype: #flathead pallid bottom-dwelling flat-headed fish with large eyes and a duck-like snout
subtype: #archerfish__Toxotes_jaculatrix any of several small freshwater fishes that catch insects by squirting water at them and knocking them into the water; found in Indonesia and Australia
subtype: #wormfish poorly known family of small tropical shallow-water fishes related to gobies
subtype: #surgeonfish brightly colored coral-reef fish with knifelike spines at the tail
subtype: #doctorfish__Acanthurus_chirurgus surgeon fish of the West Indies
subtype: #gempylid snake mackerels; elongated marine fishes with oily flesh; resembles mackerels; found worldwide
subtype: #snake_mackerel__snakemackerel__Gempylus_serpens predatory tropical fishes with jutting jaws and strong teeth
subtype: #escolar__Lepidocybium_flavobrunneum large snake mackerel with rings like spectacles around its eyes
subtype: #oilfish__ruvettuspretiosu very large deep-water snake mackerel
subtype: #cutlassfish__frost_fish__frostfish__hairtail long-bodied marine fishes having a long whiplike scaleless body and sharp teeth; closely related to snake mackerel
subtype: #scombroid_fish__scombroidfish__scombroid important marine food and game fishes found in all tropical and temperate seas; some are at least partially endothermic and can thrive in colder waters
subtype: #mackerel any of various fishes of the family Scombridae
subtype: #common_mackerel__shiner__Scomber_scombrus important food fish of the North Atlantic and Mediterranean; its body is greenish-blue with dark bars and small if any scales
subtype: #Scomber_colias__Spanish_mackerel medium-sized mackerel of temperate Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #chub_mackerel__tinker__Scomber_japonicus small mackerel found nearly worldwide
subtype: #Acanthocybium_solandri__wahoo large fast-moving predacious food and game fish; found worldwide
subtype: #Spanish_mackerel any of several large marine food fishes of the genus Scomberomorus
subtype: #king_mackerel__cavalla__cero__Scomberomorus_cavalla large mackerel with long pointed snout; important food and game fish of the eastern Atlantic coast south to Brazil
subtype: #Scomberomorus_maculatus large commercially important mackerel of American Atlantic coastal waters
subtype: #cero__pintado__kingfish__Scomberomorus_regalis large edible mackerel of temperate United States coastal Atlantic waters
subtype: #Scomberomorus_sierra__sierra a Spanish mackerel of western North America
subtype: #tuna__tunny any very large marine food and game fish of the genus Thunnus; related to mackerel; chiefly of warm waters
subtype: #bonito any of various scombroid fishes intermediate in size and characteristics between mackerels and tunas
subtype: #skipjack__Atlantic_bonito__Sarda_sarda medium-sized tuna-like food fish of warm Atlantic and Pacific waters; less valued than tuna
subtype: #Chile_bonito__Chilean_bonito__Sarda_chiliensis common bonito of Pacific coast of the Americas; its dark oily flesh cans well
subtype: #Pacific_bonito__Sarda_lineolata__sardalineolata probably a northern strain of Chile bonito
subtype: #skipjack_tuna__skipjack__Euthynnus_pelamis oceanic schooling tuna of considerable value in Pacific but less in Atlantic; reaches 75 pounds; very similar to if not the same as oceanic bonito
subtype: #oceanic_bonito__oceanicbonito__bonito__Katsuwonus_pelamis fish whose flesh is dried and flaked for Japanese cookery; may be same species as skipjack tuna
subtype: #Xiphias_gladius__swordfish large toothless marine food fish with a long swordlike upper jaw; not completely cold-blooded i.e. they are able to warm their brains and eyes: worldwide in warm waters but feed on cold ocean floor coming to surface at night
subtype: #sailfish large pelagic game fish having an elongated upper jaw and long sail-like dorsal fin
subtype: #Atlantic_sailfish__Istiophorus_albicans a kind of sailfish
subtype: #billfish giant warm-water game fish having a prolonged and rounded toothless upper jaw
subtype: #marlin__spearfish large long-jawed oceanic sport fishes; related to sailfishes and spearfishes; not completely cold-blooded i.e. able to warm their brains and eyes
subtype: #blue_marlin__Makaira_nigricans largest marlin; may reach 2000 pounds; found worldwide in warm seas
subtype: #Makaira_mazara__black_marlin__blackmarlin Pacific marlin
subtype: #black_marlin__blackmarlin__Makaira_marlina Pacific marlin
subtype: #striped_marlin__stripedmarlin__Makaira_mitsukurii Pacific food and game fish marked with dark blue vertical stripes
subtype: #white_marlin__whitemarlin__Makaira_albida small marlin (to 180 pounds) of western Atlantic
subtype: #spearfish any of several large vigorous pelagic fishes resembling sailfishes but with first dorsal fin much reduced; worldwide but rare
subtype: #louvar__Luvarus_imperialis large silvery fish found worldwide in warm seas but nowhere common; resembles a whale and feeds on plankton
subtype: #squaretail sluggish square-tailed fish armored with tough bony scales; of deep warm waters
subtype: #stromateid_fish__butterfish__stromateid small marine fish with a short smooth-scaled compressed body and feeble spines
subtype: #dollarfish__Poronotus_triacanthus small food fish of Atlantic coast
subtype: #palometa__California_pompano__Palometa_simillima smaller than Florida pompano; common in West Indies
subtype: #harvestfish__Paprilus_alepidotus butterfish up to a foot long of Atlantic waters from Chesapeake Bay to Argentina
subtype: #driftfish small (6 inches) tropical butterfishes found worldwide
subtype: #driftfish.stromateid_fish larger driftfishes of eastern Atlantic from the New York area to the northern Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #barrelfish__black_rudderfish__blackrudderfish__Hyperglyphe_perciformis blackish fish of New England waters
subtype: #clingfish very small (to 3 inches) flattened marine fish with a sucking disc on the abdomen for clinging to rocks etc.
subtype: #skilletfish__gobiesoxstrumosu clingfish with typical skillet shape
subtype: #tripletail large food fish of warm waters worldwide having long anal and dorsal fins that with caudal fin suggest a three-lobed tail
subtype: #Atlantic_tripletail__Lobotes_surinamensis tripletail found from Cape Cod to northern South America
subtype: #Pacific_tripletail__Lobotes_pacificus tripletail found in the Pacific
subtype: #mojarra small silvery schooling fishes with protrusible mouths found in warm coastal waters
subtype: #yellowfin_mojarra__yellowfinmojarra__Gerres_cinereus popular panfish from Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
subtype: #silver_jenny__Eucinostomus_gula silvery mojarra found along sandy shores of the western Atlantic
subtype: #whiting.percoid_fish a small fish of the genus Sillago; excellent food fish
subtype: #remora__suckerfish__sucking_fish__suckingfish marine fishes with a flattened elongated body and a sucking disk on the head for attaching to large fish or moving objects
subtype: #sharksucker__Echeneis_naucrates remoras found attached to sharks
subtype: #whalesucker__Remilegia_australis large blue Pacific remora that attaches to whales and dolphins
subtype: #silverside__silversides small fishes having a silver stripe along each side; found along the Atlantic coast of the United States
subtype: #jacksmelt__Atherinopsis_californiensis large silversides of Pacific coast of North America
subtype: #barracuda any voracious marine fish of the genus Sphyraena having an elongated cylindrical body and large mouth with projecting lower jaw and long strong teeth
subtype: #great_barracuda__greatbarracuda__Sphyraena_barracuda large (up to 6 ft) grayish-brown barracuda highly regarded as a food and sport fish; may be dangerous to swimmers
subtype: #sand_lance__sand_launce__sand_eel__launce very small silvery eellike schooling fishes that burrow into sandy beaches
subtype: #dragonet small often brightly colored scaleless marine bottom-dwellers; found in tropical and warm-temperate waters of Europe and America
subtype: #scorpaenoid_fish__scorpaenoidfish__scorpaenoid fishes having the the head armored with bony plates
subtype: #Ophiodon_elongatus__lingcod food fish of Northern Pacific waters related to greenlings
subtype: #scorpaenid_fish__scorpaenid any of numerous carnivorous usually bottom-dwelling warm-water marine fishes found worldwide but most abundant in the Pacific
subtype: #scorpionfish__scorpion_fish__sea_scorpion__seascorpion marine fishes having a tapering body with an armored head and venomous spines
subtype: #plumed_scorpionfish__Scorpaena_grandicornis a kind of scorpionfish
subtype: #lionfish brightly striped fish of the tropical Pacific having elongated spiny fins
subtype: #stonefish__Synanceja_verrucosa venomous tropical marine fish resembling a piece of rock
subtype: #rockfish marine food fish found among rocks along the northern coasts of Europe and America
subtype: #copper_rockfish__Sebastodes_caurinus of North American Pacific coastal waters
subtype: #vermillion_rockfish__rasher__Sebastodes_miniatus commercially important fish of the North American Pacific coast
subtype: #Sebastodes_ruberrimus__red_rockfish__redrockfish large fish of North American Pacific coast
subtype: #Sebastodes_marinus__rosefish__ocean_perch__oceanperch large fish of northern Atlantic coasts of America and Europe
subtype: #sculpin any of numerous spiny large-headed broad-mouthed usually scaleless scorpaenoid fishes
subtype: #bullhead.sculpin freshwater sculpin with a large flattened bony-plated head with hornlike spines
subtype: #miller's-thumb small freshwater sculpin of Europe and North America
subtype: #sea_raven__searaven__Hemitripterus_americanus large sculpin of western Atlantic; inflates itself when caught
subtype: #grubby__Myxocephalus_aenaeus small sculpin of the coast of New England
subtype: #lumpfish__Cyclopterus_lumpus clumsy soft thick-bodied North Atlantic fish with pelvic fins fused into a sucker; edible roe used for caviar
subtype: #lumpsucker any of several very small lumpfishes
subtype: #snailfish__seasnail__sea_snail__seasnail__Liparis_liparis small tadpole-shaped cold-water fishes with pelvic fins forming a sucker; related to lumpfish
subtype: #sea_poacher__seapoacher__poacher__sea_poker__seapoker small slender fish (to 8 inches) with body covered by bony plates; chiefly of deeper north Pacific waters
subtype: #pogge__armed_bullhead__armedbullhead__Agonus_cataphractus North Atlantic sea poacher
subtype: #alligatorfish__Aspidophoroides_monopterygius small very elongate sea poachers
subtype: #greenling food fish of the northern Pacific
subtype: #kelp_greenling__Hexagrammos_decagrammus common food and sport fish of western coast of North America
subtype: #painted_greenling__paintedgreenling__convictfish__Oxylebius_pictus greenling with whitish body marked with black bands
subtype: #flathead.scorpaenoid_fish food fish of the Indonesian region of the Pacific; resembles gurnards
subtype: #gurnard bottom-dwelling coastal fishes with spiny armored heads and fingerlike pectoral fins used for crawling along the sea bottom
subtype: #tub_gurnard__tubgurnard__yellow_gurnard__Trigla_lucerna a kind of gurnard
subtype: #sea_robin__searobin__searobin American gurnard; mostly found in bays and estuaries
subtype: #northern_sea_robin__Prionotus_carolinus large searobin; found from Nova Scotia to Florida
subtype: #armored_searobin__armoredsearobin__armored_sea_robin__armoredsearobin__Peristedion_miniatum sea robins having bony scutes on the body and barbels on the chin; found mostly on the continental slope
subtype: #flying_gurnard__flying_robin__butterflyfish tropical fish with huge fanlike pectoral fins for underwater gliding; unrelated to searobins
subtype: #plectognath_fish__plectognathfish__plectognath tropical marine fishes having the teeth fused into a beak and thick skin covered with bony plates or spines
subtype: #triggerfish any of numerous compressed deep-bodied tropical fishes with sandpapery skin and erectile spines in the first dorsal fin
subtype: #queen_triggerfish__queentriggerfish__Bessy_cerca__oldwench__oldwife__balistesvetula tropical Atlantic fish
subtype: #filefish narrow flattened warm-water fishes with leathery skin and a long file-like dorsal spine
subtype: #leatherfish__leatherjacket any of several brightly colored tropical filefishes
subtype: #boxfish__trunkfish any of numerous small tropical fishes having body and head encased in bony plates
subtype: #cowfish__Lactophrys_quadricornis trunkfish having hornlike spines over the eyes
subtype: #puffer__blowfish__globefish any of numerous marine fishes whose elongated spiny body can inflate itself with water or air to form a globe; several species contain a potent nerve poison; closely related to spiny puffers
subtype: #spiny_puffer__spinypuffer puffers having rigid or erectile spines
subtype: #porcupinefish__porcupine_fish__porcupinefish__Diodon_hystrix spines become erect when the body is inflated; worldwide in warm waters
subtype: #balloonfish__Diodon_holocanthus similar to but smaller than porcupinefish
subtype: #burrfish any of several fishes having rigid flattened spines
subtype: #ocean_sunfish__oceansunfish__sunfish__headfish among the largest bony fish; pelagic fish having an oval compressed body with high dorsal and anal fins and caudal fin reduced to a rudder-like lobe; worldwide in warm waters
subtype: #sharptail_mola__sharptailmola__Mola_lanceolata caudal fin has a central projection
subtype: #flatfish any of several families of fishes having flattened bodies that swim along the sea floor on one side of the body with both eyes on the upper side
subtype: #flounder.flatfish any of various European and non-European marine flatfish
subtype: #righteye_flounder__righteyed_flounder__righteyedflounder flounders with both eyes on the right side of the head
subtype: #Pleuronectes_platessa__plaice large European food fish
subtype: #European_flatfish__Platichthys_flesus important food fish of Europe
subtype: #Limanda_ferruginea__yellowtail_flounder American flounder having a yellowish tail
subtype: #blackback_flounder__blackbackflounder__winter_flounder__lemon_sole__lemonsole__Pseudopleuronectes_americanus important American food fish in the winter
subtype: #Microstomus_kitt__lemon_sole__lemonsole European flatfish highly valued as food
subtype: #American_plaice__Hippoglossoides_platessoides large American food fish
subtype: #Atlantic_halibut__Hippoglossus_hippoglossus largest United States flatfish
subtype: #Pacific_halibut__Hippoglossus_stenolepsis a righteye flounder found in the Pacific
subtype: #holibut marine food fish of North Atlantic or North Pacific; the largest flatfish and one of the largest teleost fishes
subtype: #lefteye_flounder__lefteyeflounder__lefteyed_flounder flatfishes with both eyes on the left side of the head
subtype: #southern_flounder__Paralichthys_lethostigmus flounder of southern United States
subtype: #summer_flounder__Paralichthys_dentatus flounder of eastern coast of North America
subtype: #gray_flounder__Etropus_rimosus flounder found from North Carolina to Florida and the eastern Gulf of Mexico
subtype: #whiff.lefteye_flounder a lefteye flounder found in coastal waters from New England to Brazil
subtype: #horned_whiff__Citharichthys_cornutus whiff found in waters from the Bahamas and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
subtype: #sand_dab small food fishes of the Pacific coast of North America
subtype: #Scophthalmus_aquosus__windowpane very thin translucent flounder of the Atlantic coast of North America
subtype: #brill__scophthalmusrhombu European food fish
subtype: #Psetta_maxima__turbot a large brownish European flatfish
subtype: #tonguefish left-eyed marine flatfish whose tail tapers to a point; of little commercial value
subtype: #sole.flatfish right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European
subtype: #sweeper little-known nocturnal fish of warm shallow seas with an oblong compressed body
subtype: #ganoid_fish__ganoid primitive fishes having thick bony scales with a shiny covering
subtype: #bowfin__grindle__Amia_calva primitive long-bodies carnivorous freshwater fish with a very long dorsal fin; found in sluggish waters of North America
subtype: #paddlefish__duckbill__Polyodon_spathula primitive fish of the Mississippi valley having a long paddle-shaped snout
subtype: #Chinese_paddlefish__Psephurus_gladis fish of larger rivers of China similar to the Mississippi paddlefish
subtype: #sturgeon large primitive fishes valued for their flesh and roe; widely distributed in north temperate zone
subtype: #Pacific_sturgeon__white_sturgeon__whitesturgeon__Sacramento_sturgeon__Acipenser_transmontanus food and game fish of marine and fresh waters of northwestern coast of North America
subtype: #beluga__hausen__white_sturgeon__whitesturgeon__Acipenser_huso valuable source of caviar and isinglass; found in Black and Caspian seas
subtype: #gar__garfish__garpike__billfish__Lepisosteus_osseus primitive predaceous North American fish covered with hard scales and having long jaws with needle-like teeth
subtype: #gnathostome a vertebrate animal possessing true jaws
subtype: #bird warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings
subtype: #dickeybird__dickybird (informal) small bird; adults talking to children sometimes call small birds dickeybirds
subtype: #cock adult male bird
subtype: #gamecock__fighting_cock a cock bred and trained for fighting
subtype: #hen adult female bird
subtype: #night_bird__nightbird any bird associated with night: owl; nightingale; nighthawk; etc
subtype: #night_raven__nightraven any bird that cries at night
subtype: #bird_of_passage any bird that migrates seasonally
subtype: #protoavis__protoavi most primitive avian type known; extinct bird of the Triassic having birdlike jaw and hollow limbs and breastbone with dinosaur-like tail and hind limbs
subtype: #archaeopteryx__archeopteryx__Archaeopteryx_lithographica extinct primitive toothed bird of the Upper Jurassic having a long feathered tail and hollow bones; usually considered the most primitive of all birds
subtype: #Sinornis sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous having a keeled breastbone and vestigial tail; found in China; considered possibly the second most primitive of all birds
subtype: #Ibero-mesornis sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Lower Cretaceous having a vestigial tail; found in Spain; considered possibly the third most primitive of all birds
subtype: #archaeornis__archaeorni extinct primitive toothed bird with a long feathered tail and three free clawed digits on each wing
subtype: #ratite_bird__ratite__flightless_bird flightless birds having flat breastbones lacking a keel for attachment of flight muscles: ostriches; cassowaries; emus; moas; rheas; kiwis; elephant birds
subtype: #ostrich__struthiocamelu fast-running African flightless bird with two-toed feet; largest living bird
subtype: #cassowary large black flightless bird of Australia and New Guinea having a horny head crest
subtype: #emu__Dromaius_novaehollandiae__Emu_novaehollandiae large Australian flightless bird similar to the ostrich but smaller
subtype: #kiwi__apteryx nocturnal flightless bird of New Zealand having a long neck and stout legs; only surviving representative of the order Apterygiformes
subtype: #Rhea_americana__rhea larger of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Brazil to Patagonia
subtype: #rhea__nandu__Pterocnemia_pennata smaller of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Peru to Straits of Magellan
subtype: #elephant_bird__aepyornis__aepyorni huge (to 9 ft.) extinct flightless bird of Madagascar
subtype: #moa extinct flightless bird of New Zealand
subtype: #giant_moa__giantmoa__Dinornis_giganteus the largest moa; about 12 feet high
subtype: #anomalopteryx__Anomalopteryx_oweni the smallest moa; slender moa about the size of a large turkey
subtype: #carinate_bird__carinate__flying_bird birds having keeled breastbones for attachment of flight muscles
subtype: #passerine__passeriform_bird__passeriformbird perching birds mostly small and living near the ground with feet having 4 toes arranged to allow for gripping the perch; most are songbirds; hatchlings are helpless
subtype: #oscine_bird__oscine passerine bird having specialized vocal apparatus
subtype: #songbird__songster any bird having a musical call
subtype: #honey_eater__honeyeater__honeysucker Australasian bird with tongue and bill adapted for extracting nectar
subtype: #accentor small sparrow-like songbird of mountainous regions of Eurasia
subtype: #hedge_sparrow__sparrow__dunnock__Prunella_modularis small brownish European songbird
subtype: #lark any of numerous predominantly Old World birds noted for their singing
subtype: #skylark__alaudaarvensi brown-speckled European lark noted for singing while hovering at a great height
subtype: #wagtail Old World bird having a very long tail that jerks up and down as it walks
subtype: #pipit__titlark__lark small songbirds resembling larks
subtype: #meadow_pipit__Anthus_pratensis a common pipit that is brown above and white below; widely distributed in northern and central Europe and in Asia
subtype: #finch any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds
subtype: #chaffinch__Fringilla_coelebs small European finch with a cheerful song
subtype: #brambling__Fringilla_montifringilla Eurasian finch
subtype: #goldfinch__Carduelis_carduelis small European finch having a crimson face and yellow-and-black wings
subtype: #linnet__Carduelis_cannabina small Old World finch whose male has a red breast and forehead
subtype: #siskin__Carduelis_spinus small sharp-billed yellow-and-black Eurasian finch
subtype: #red_siskin__redsiskin__Carduelis_cucullata South American species of scarlet finch with black head and wings and tail
subtype: #Carduelis_flammea__redpoll small siskin-like finch with a red crown
subtype: #redpoll__Carduelis_hornemanni small siskin-like finch with a red crown
subtype: #New_world_goldfinch__goldfinch__yellowbird__Spinus_tristis American finch whose male has yellow body plumage in summer
subtype: #pine_siskin__pine_finch__Spinus_pinus small finch of North American coniferous forests
subtype: #house_finch__housefinch__linnet__Carpodacus_mexicanus small finch originally of the western United States and Mexico
subtype: #purple_finch__Carpodacus_purpureus North American finch having a raspberry-red head and breast and rump
subtype: #canary_bird__canary any of several small Old World finches
subtype: #common_canary__Serinus_canaria native to the Canary Islands and Azores; popular usually yellow cage bird noted for its song
subtype: #serin any of various brown and yellow finches of pats of Europe
subtype: #crossbill__Loxia_curvirostra finch with a bill whose tips cross when closed
subtype: #bullfinch__Pyrrhula_pyrrhula common European finch mostly black and white with red throat and breast
subtype: #junco__snowbird small North American finch seen chiefly in winter
subtype: #dark-eyed_junco__slate-colored_junco__slatecoloredjunco__Junco_hyemalis common North American junco having gray plumage and eyes with dark brown irises
subtype: #New_World_sparrow sparrow-like North American finches
subtype: #vesper_sparrow__grass_finch__grassfinch__Pooecetes_gramineus common North American finch noted for its evening song
subtype: #white-throated_sparrow__whitethroat__Zonotrichia_albicollis common North American finch with a white patch on the throat and black-and-white striped crown
subtype: #white-crowned_sparrow__whitecrownedsparrow__Zonotrichia_leucophrys finch with black-and-white striped crown
subtype: #chipping_sparrow__Spizella_passerina small North American finch common in urban areas
subtype: #field_sparrow__fieldsparrow__Spizella_pusilla common North American finch of brushy pasturelands
subtype: #Spizella_arborea__tree_sparrow finch common in winter in the northern U.S.
subtype: #song_sparrow__Melospiza_melodia small songbird common in North America
subtype: #swamp_sparrow__swampsparrow__Melospiza_georgiana North American finch of marshy area
subtype: #bunting any of numerous seed-eating songbirds of Europe or North America
subtype: #indigo_bunting__indigo_finch__indigo_bird__Passerina_cyanea small deep blue North American bunting
subtype: #ortolan_bunting__ortolanbunting__ortolan__Emberiza_hortulana brownish Old World bunting often eaten as a delicacy
subtype: #reed_bunting__Emberiza_schoeniclus European bunting inhabiting marshy areas
subtype: #yellowhammer__yellow_bunting__Emberiza_citrinella European bunting the male being bright yellow
subtype: #yellow-breasted_bunting__Emberiza_aureola common in Russia and Siberia
subtype: #snow_bunting__snowbird__snowflake__Plectrophenax_nivalis white arctic bunting
subtype: #grosbeak__grossbeak any of various finches of Europe or America having a massive and powerful bill
subtype: #evening_grosbeak__eveninggrosbeak__Hesperiphona_vespertina North American grosbeak
subtype: #hawfinch__Coccothraustes_coccothraustes a common large finch of Eurasia
subtype: #pine_grosbeak__Pinicola_enucleator large grosbeak of coniferous forests of Old and New Worlds
subtype: #cardinal_grosbeak__cardinal__Richmondena_Cardinalis__Cardinalis_cardinalis__redbird crested thick-billed North American finch having bright red plumage in the male
subtype: #pyrrhuloxia__Pyrrhuloxia_sinuata crested gray-and-red bird of southwest United States and Mexico
subtype: #towhee any of numerous long-tailed American finches
subtype: #chewink__Pipilo_erythrophthalmus common towhee of eastern North America
subtype: #green-tailed_towhee__Chlorura_chlorura towhee of the Rocky mountain region
subtype: #Hawaiian_honeycreeper__honeycreeper small to medium-sized finches of the Hawaiian islands
subtype: #mamo black honeycreepers with yellow feathers around the tail; now extinct
subtype: #honeycreeper small bright-colored tropical American songbird with a curved bill for sucking nectar
subtype: #banana_quit any of several honeycreepers
subtype: #weaver_finch__weaver__weaverbird finch-like African and Asian colonial birds noted for their elaborately woven nests
subtype: #baya__Ploceus_philippinus common Indian weaverbird
subtype: #whydah__whidah__widow_bird__widowbird mostly black African weaverbird
subtype: #Java_sparrow__Java_finch__ricebird__Padda_oryzivora small finch-like Indonesian weaverbird that frequents rice fields
subtype: #avadavat__amadavat red Asian weaverbirds often kept as cage birds
subtype: #grassfinch__grass_finch__grassfinch usually brightly-colored Australian weaverbirds; often kept as cage birds
subtype: #zebra_finch__zebrafinch__Poephila_castanotis small Australian weaverbird with markings like a zebra's
subtype: #Old_World_flycatcher__true_flycatcher__flycatcher any of a large group of small songbirds that feed on insects taken on the wing
subtype: #spotted_flycatcher__spottedflycatcher__Muscicapa_striata__Muscicapa_grisola common European woodland flycatcher with grayish-brown plumage
subtype: #thickhead__whistler Australian and southeastern Asian birds with a melodious whistling call
subtype: #thrush songbirds characteristically having brownish upper plumage with a spotted breast
subtype: #missel_thrush__mistle_thrush__mistletoe_thrush__mistletoethrush__Turdus_viscivorus large European thrush that feeds on mistletoe berries
subtype: #song_thrush__mavis__mavi__throstle__Turdus_philomelos common Old World thrush noted for its song
subtype: #fieldfare__snowbird__Turdus_pilaris medium-sized Eurasian thrush seen chiefly in winter
subtype: #redwing__Turdus_iliacus small European thrush having reddish flanks
subtype: #European_blackbird__blackbird__merl__merle__ouzel__ousel__Turdus_merula common black European thrush
subtype: #ring_ouzel__ring_blackbird__ring_thrush__Turdus_torquatus European thrush common in rocky areas; the male has blackish plumage with a white band around the neck
subtype: #American_robin__robin__Turdus_migratorius large American thrush having a rust-red breast and abdomen
subtype: #clay-colored_robin__Turdus_grayi robin of Mexico and Central America
subtype: #hermit_thrush__Hylocichla_guttata North American thrush noted for its complex and appealing song
subtype: #veery__Wilson's_thrush__Hylocichla_fuscescens tawny brown North American thrush noted for its song
subtype: #wood_thrush__Hylocichla_mustelina large thrush common in eastern American woodlands; noted for its melodious song
subtype: #nightingale__lusciniamegarhyncho European songbird noted for its melodious nocturnal song
subtype: #bulbul nightingale spoken of in Persian poetry
subtype: #thrush_nightingale__Luscinia_luscinia large nightingale of eastern Europe
subtype: #Old_World_chat__chat songbirds having a chattering call
subtype: #stonechat__Saxicola_torquata common European chat with black plumage and a reddish-brown breast
subtype: #whinchat__Saxicola_rubetra brown-and-buff European songbird of grassy meadows
subtype: #solitaire dull gray North American thrushes noted for its beautiful song
subtype: #redstart__redtail European songbird with a reddish breast and tail; related to Old World robins
subtype: #wheatear small songbird of northern America and Eurasia having a distinctive white rump
subtype: #bluebird blue North American songbird
subtype: #robin_redbreast__robinredbreast__robin__redbreast__Old_World_robin__Erithacus_rubecola small Old World songbird with a reddish breast
subtype: #bluethroat__Erithacus_svecicus songbird of northern Europe and Asia
subtype: #warbler a small active songbird
subtype: #gnatcatcher very small North and South American warblers
subtype: #kinglet small birds resembling warblers but having some of the habits of titmice
subtype: #goldcrest__golden-crested_kinglet__Regulus_regulus European kinglet with a black-bordered yellow crown patch
subtype: #gold-crowned_kinglet__Regulus_satrata American golden-crested kinglet
subtype: #ruby-crowned_kinglet__ruby-crowned_wren__Regulus_calendula American kinglet with a notable song and in the male a red crown patch
subtype: #Old_World_warbler__true_warbler small active brownish or grayish Old World birds
subtype: #blackcap__Silvia_atricapilla small brownish-gray warbler with a black crown
subtype: #wood_warbler__Phylloscopus_sibilatrix European woodland warbler with dull yellow plumage
subtype: #sedge_warbler__sedgewarbler__sedge_bird__sedgebird__sedge_wren__sedgewren__reedbird__Acrocephalus_schoenobaenus small European warbler that breeds among reeds and wedges and winters in Africa
subtype: #wren_warbler small Asiatic and African bird; constructs nests like those of tailorbirds
subtype: #tailorbird__Orthotomus_sutorius tropical Asian warbler that stitches leaves together to form and conceal its nest
subtype: #greater_whitethroat__whitethroat__Sylvia_communis grayish-brown Old World warbler with a white throat and underparts
subtype: #lesser_whitethroat__whitethroat__Sylvia_curruca Old World warbler similar to the greater whitethroat but smaller
subtype: #New_World_warbler__wood_warbler small bright-colored American songbird with a weak unmusical song
subtype: #parula_warbler__northern_parula__Parula_americana small gray-blue wood warbler with yellow throat and breast; of eastern North America
subtype: #Wilson's_warbler__Wilson's_blackcap__Wilsonia_pusilla yellow wood warbler with a black crown
subtype: #flycatching_warbler__flycatchingwarbler any of numerous American wood warblers that feed on insects caught on the wing
subtype: #American_redstart__redstart__Setophaga_ruticilla flycatching warbler of eastern North America the male having bright orange on sides and wings and tail
subtype: #Cape_May_warbler__Dendroica_tigrina North American wood warbler; olive green and yellow striped with black
subtype: #yellow_warbler__golden_warbler__yellowbird__Dendroica_petechia yellow-throated American wood warbler
subtype: #Blackburn__Blackburnian_warbler__Dendroica_fusca black-and-white North American wood warbler having an orange-and-black head and throat
subtype: #Audubon's_warbler__Audubon_warbler__Dendroica_auduboni common warbler of western North America
subtype: #myrtle_warbler__myrtle_bird__Dendroica_coronata similar to Audubon's warbler
subtype: #blackpoll__Dendroica_striate North American warbler having a black-and-white head
subtype: #New_World_chat__chat birds having a chattering call
subtype: #yellow-breasted_chat__Icteria_virens American warbler noted for imitating songs of other birds
subtype: #Seiurus_aurocapillus__ovenbird American warbler; builds a dome-shaped nest on the ground
subtype: #water_thrush__waterthrush brownish North American warbler found near streams
subtype: #yellowthroat small olive-colored American warblers with yellow breast and throat
subtype: #common_yellowthroat__Maryland_yellowthroat__Geothlypis_trichas an American warbler
subtype: #babbler__cackler any of various insectivorous Old World birds with a loud incessant song; in some classifications considered members of the family Muscicapidae
subtype: #bird_of_paradise any of numerous brilliantly colored plumed birds of the New Guinea area
subtype: #riflebird__Ptloris_paradisea velvety black Australian bird of paradise with green and purple iridescence on head and tail
subtype: #New_World_oriole__American_oriole__oriole American songbird; male is black and orange or yellow
subtype: #northern_oriole__Icterus_galbula a kind of New World oriole
subtype: #Baltimore_oriole__Baltimore_bird__hangbird__firebird__Icterus_galbula_galbula eastern subspecies of northern oriole
subtype: #Bullock's_oriole__Icterus_galbula_bullockii western subspecies of northern oriole
subtype: #orchard_oriole__orchardoriole__Icterus_spurius the male is chestnut-and-black
subtype: #meadowlark__lark North American yellow-breasted songbirds
subtype: #eastern_meadowlark__easternmeadowlark__Sturnella_magna a meadowlark of eastern North America
subtype: #western_meadowlark__westernmeadowlark__Sturnella_neglecta a meadowlark of western North America
subtype: #cacique__cazique black-and-red or black-and-yellow orioles of the American tropics
subtype: #bobolink__ricebird__reedbird__Dolichonyx_oryzivorus migratory American songbird
subtype: #New_World_blackbird__blackbird any bird of the family Icteridae whose male is black or predominantly black
subtype: #grackle__crowblackbird long-tailed American blackbird having iridescent black plumage
subtype: #purple_grackle__Quiscalus_quiscula eastern United States grackle
subtype: #rusty_blackbird__rusty_grackle__rustygrackle__Euphagus_carilonus North American blackbird whose bluish-black plumage is rusty-edged in the fall
subtype: #cowbird North American blackbird that follows cattle and lays eggs in other birds' nests
subtype: #red-winged_blackbird__redwing__Agelaius_phoeniceus North American blackbird with scarlet patches on the wings
subtype: #Old_World_oriole__oriole mostly tropical songbird; the male is usually bright orange and black
subtype: #golden_oriole__Oriolus_oriolus bright yellow songbird with black wings
subtype: #fig-bird__figbird greenish-yellow Australian oriole feeding chiefly on figs and other fruits
subtype: #starling gregarious birds native to the Old World
subtype: #common_starling__Sturnus_vulgaris gregarious bird having plumage with dark metallic gloss; builds nests around dwellings and other structures; naturalized worldwide
subtype: #rose-colored_starling__rose-colored_pastor__Pastor_sturnus__Pastor_roseus glossy black bird with pink back and abdomen; chiefly Asian
subtype: #myna_bird__myna__mynah__mina__minah__mynah_bird__mynahbird tropical Asian starlings
subtype: #crested_myna__crestedmyna__Acridotheres_tristis dark brown crested bird of southeastern Asia
subtype: #hill_myna__Indian_grackle__grackle__graculareligiosa glossy black Asiatic starling often taught to mimic speech
subtype: #corvine_bird__corvinebird birds of the crow family
subtype: #crow black birds having a raucous call
subtype: #American_crow__Corvus_brachyrhyncos common crow of N. America
subtype: #raven__Corvus_corax large black bird with a straight bill and long wedge-shaped tail
subtype: #Corvus_frugilegus__rook common gregarious Old World bird about the size and color of the American crow
subtype: #jackdaw__daw__Corvus_monedula common black-and-gray Eurasian bird noted for thievery
subtype: #chough a European corvine bird of small or medium size with red legs and glossy black plumage
subtype: #jay crested largely blue bird
subtype: #Old_World_jay a European jay
subtype: #common_European_jay__Garullus_garullus fawn-colored jay with black-and-white crest and blue-and-black wings
subtype: #New_World_jay a North American jay
subtype: #blue_jay__jaybird__Cyanocitta_cristata common jay of eastern North America; bright blue with grey breast
subtype: #Canada_jay__gray_jay__camp_robber__whisker_jack__whiskerjack__Perisoreus_canadensis gray jay of northern North America with black-capped head and no crest; noted for boldness in thievery
subtype: #Rocky_Mountain_jay__Perisoreus_canadensis_capitalis a Canada jay with a white head; widely distributed from Montana to Arizona
subtype: #nutcracker speckled birds that feed on nuts
subtype: #common_nutcracker__Nucifraga_caryocatactes Old World nutcracker
subtype: #Clark's_nutcracker__Nucifraga_columbiana nutcracker of the western United States
subtype: #magpie long-tailed black-and-white bird that utters a chattering call
subtype: #European_magpie__Pica_pica common European magpie
subtype: #American_magpie__Pica_pica_hudsonia magpie of Rocky mountain regions
subtype: #Australian_magpie black-and-white oscine birds that resemble magpies
subtype: #butcherbird.Australian_magpie large carnivorous Australian bird with the shrike-like habit of impaling prey on thorns
subtype: #currawong__bell_magpie bluish black fruit-eating bird with a bell-like call
subtype: #piping_crow-shrike__piping_crow__Gymnorhina_tibicen crow-sized black-and-white bird; a good mimic often caged
subtype: #mockingbird__mocker__Mimus_polyglotktos long-tailed gray-and-white songbird of the southern United States able to mimic songs of other birds
subtype: #blue_mockingbird__Melanotis_caerulescens mockingbird of Mexico
subtype: #gray_catbird__catbird__Dumetella_carolinensis North American songbird whose call resembles a cat's mewing
subtype: #thrasher__mocking_thrush__mockingthrush thrush-like American songbird able to mimic other birdsongs
subtype: #brown_thrasher__brownthrasher__brown_thrush__brownthrush__Toxostoma_rufums common large songbird of eastern United States having reddish-brown plumage
subtype: #New_Zealand_wren birds of New Zealand that resemble wrens
subtype: #rock_wren__Xenicus_gilviventris short-tailed bird resembling a wren
subtype: #rifleman_bird__Acanthisitta_chloris small green-and-bronze bird
subtype: #tree_creeper__creeper any of various small insectivorous birds of the northern hemisphere that climb about on trees
subtype: #brown_creeper__browncreeper__American_creeper__Certhia_americana common American brown creeper with down-curved bill
subtype: #European_creeper__Certhia_familiaris common European brown-and-buff tree creeper with down-curved bill
subtype: #wall_creeper__tichodrome__Tichodroma_muriaria crimson-and-gray songbird that inhabits town walls and mountain cliffs of southern Eurasia and northern Africa
subtype: #nuthatch__nutcracker any of various small short-tailed sharp-beaked birds that creep on trees and feed on small nuts and insects
subtype: #European_nuthatch__Sitta_europaea a kind of nuthatch
subtype: #red-breasted_nuthatch__Sitta_canadensis bluish-gray nuthatch with reddish breast; of northern coniferous forests
subtype: #white-breasted_nuthatch__Sitta_carolinensis bluish-gray nuthatch with black head and white breast; of eastern North America
subtype: #titmouse__tit small insectivorous birds
subtype: #chickadee any of various small gray-and-black songbirds of North America
subtype: #black-capped_chickadee__blackcap__Parus_atricapillus Chickadee having a dark crown
subtype: #Carolina_chickadee__Parus_carolinensis southern United States chickadee similar to the blackcap but smaller
subtype: #tufted_titmouse__Parus_bicolor crested titmouse of eastern and midwestern United States
subtype: #blue_tit__tomtit__Parus_caeruleus widely distributed European titmouse with bright cobalt blue wings and tail and crown of the head
subtype: #bushtit__bush_tit active gray titmice of western North America
subtype: #wren-tit__Chamaea_fasciata small brown bird of California resembling a wren
subtype: #verdin__Auriparus_flaviceps very small yellow-headed titmouse of Western North America
subtype: #fairy_bluebird__fairybluebird__bluebird fruit-eating mostly brilliant blue songbird of the East Indies
subtype: #swallow small long-winged songbird noted for swift graceful flight and the regularity of its migrations
subtype: #barn_swallow__chimney_swallow__chimneyswallow__Hirundo_rustica common swallow of North America and Europe that nests in barns etc.
subtype: #cliff_swallow__cliffswallow__Hirundo_pyrrhonota North American swallow that lives in colonies and builds bottle-shaped mud nests on cliffs and walls
subtype: #tree_swallow__tree_martin__Hirundo_nigricans of Australia and Polynesia; nests in tree cavities
subtype: #white-bellied_swallow__whitebelliedswallow__tree_swallow__Iridoprocne_bicolor bluish-green-and-white North American swallow; nests in tree cavities
subtype: #martin any of various swallows with squarish or slightly forked tail and long pointed wings; migrate around Martinmas
subtype: #house_martin__housemartin__Delichon_urbica common small European martin that builds nests under the eaves of houses
subtype: #bank_martin__bank_swallow__sand_martin__Riparia_riparia swallow of the northern hemisphere that nests in tunnels dug in clay or sand banks
subtype: #purple_martin__Progne_subis large North American martin of which the male is blue-black
subtype: #wood_swallow__swallow_shrike__swallowshrike Australasian and Asiatic bird related to the shrikes and resembling a swallow
subtype: #tanager any of numerous New World woodland birds having brightly colored males
subtype: #scarlet_tanager__scarlettanager__Piranga_olivacea__redbird__firebird the male is bright red with black wings and tail
subtype: #western_tanager__westerntanager__Piranga_ludoviciana of western North America; male is black and yellow and orange-red
subtype: #summer_tanager__summer_redbird__Piranga_rubra of middle and southern United States; male is deep rose-red the female mostly yellow
subtype: #hepatic_tanager__hepatictanager__Piranga_flava_hepatica common tanager of southwestern United States and Mexico
subtype: #shrike any of numerous Old World birds having a strong hooked bill that feed on smaller animals
subtype: #butcherbird shrikes that impale their prey on thorns
subtype: #European_shrike__Lanius_excubitor common European butcherbird
subtype: #northern_shrike__Lanius_borealis butcherbird of northern North American
subtype: #white-rumped_shrike__Lanius_ludovicianus_excubitorides of western North America; gray with white underparts
subtype: #loggerhead_shrike__Lanius_lucovicianus common shrike of southeastern United States having black eye-bands
subtype: #migrant_shrike__migrantshrike__Lanius_ludovicianus_migrans of central North America; winters in Texas and the south Mississippi valley
subtype: #bush_shrike African shrike
subtype: #black-fronted_bush_shrike__Chlorophoneus_nigrifrons a kind of bush shrike
subtype: #bowerbird__catbird any of various birds of the Australian region whose males build ornamented structures resembling bowers in order to attract females
subtype: #satin_bowerbird__satinbowerbird__satin_bird__satinbird__Ptilonorhynchus_violaceus of southeast Australia; male is glossy violet blue; female is light gray-green
subtype: #great_bowerbird__greatbowerbird__Chlamydera_nuchalis large bowerbird of northern Australia
subtype: #water_ouzel__waterouzel__dipper small stocky diving bird without webbed feet; frequents fast-flowing streams and feeds along the bottom
subtype: #European_water_ouzel__Cinclus_aquaticus a water ouzel of Europe
subtype: #American_water_ouzel__Cinclus_mexicanus a water ouzel of western North America
subtype: #vireo any of various small insectivorous American birds chiefly olive-gray in color
subtype: #red-eyed_vireo__Vireo_olivaceous of northern North America having red irises and a olive-gray body with white underparts
subtype: #solitary_vireo__Vireo_solitarius of eastern North America having a bluish-gray head and mostly green body
subtype: #blue-headed_vireo__Vireo_solitarius_solitarius common vireo of northeastern North America with bluish slaty-gray head
subtype: #waxwing brown velvety-plumaged songbirds of the northern hemisphere having crested heads and red waxy wing tips
subtype: #cedar_waxwing__cedarwaxwing__cedarbird__bombycillacedrorun widely distributed over temperate North America
subtype: #Bohemian_waxwing__Bombycilla_garrulus large waxwing of northern North America; similar to but larger than the cedar waxwing
subtype: #true_sparrow__sparrow any of several small dull-colored singing birds feeding on seeds or insects
subtype: #English_sparrow__house_sparrow__housesparrow__Passer_domesticus small hardy brown-and-gray bird native to Europe
subtype: #tree_sparrow__Passer_montanus Eurasian sparrow smaller than the house sparrow
subtype: #lyrebird Australian bird that resembles a pheasant; the courting male displays long tail feathers in a lyre shape
subtype: #scrubbird__scrub_bird__scrubbird small fast-running Australian bird resembling a wren and frequenting brush or scrub
subtype: #broadbill small birds of the Old World tropics having bright plumage and short wide bills
subtype: #tyrannid a passerine bird of the suborder Tyranni
subtype: #New_World_flycatcher__flycatcher__tyrant_flycatcher__tyrant_bird large American birds that characteristically catch insects on the wing
subtype: #kingbird__Tyrannus_tyrannus large American flycatcher
subtype: #Arkansas_kingbird__western_kingbird__westernkingbird a kingbird seen in western United States; head and back are pale gray and the breast is yellowish and the tail is black
subtype: #Cassin's_kingbird__Tyrannus_vociferans a kingbird seen in the southwestern United States; largely gray with a yellow abdomen
subtype: #eastern_kingbird__easternkingbird a kingbird that breeds in North American and winters in tropical America; distinguished by a white band on the tip of the tail
subtype: #gray_kingbird__petchary__Tyrannus_domenicensis_domenicensis a kingbird that breeds in the southeastern United States and winters in tropical America; similar to but larger than the eastern kingbird
subtype: #wood_pewee__pewee__peewit__pewit__Contopus_virens small olive-colored woodland flycatchers of eastern North America
subtype: #western_wood_pewee__Contopus_sordidulus small flycatcher of western North America
subtype: #Sayornis_phoebe__phoebe__phoebe_bird small dun-colored North American flycatcher
subtype: #vermillion_flycatcher__firebird__Pyrocephalus_rubinus_mexicanus tropical American flycatcher found as far north as southern Texas and Arizona; adult male has bright scarlet and black plumage
subtype: #cotinga__chatterer passerine bird of New World tropics
subtype: #Rupicola_rupicola__cock_of_the_rock tropical bird of northern South America the male having brilliant red or orange plumage and an erectile disklike crest
subtype: #cock_of_the_rock__Rupicola_peruviana bird of the Andes similar to Rupicola rupicola
subtype: #bellbird any of several tropical American birds of the genus Procnias having a bell-like call
subtype: #umbrella_bird__Cephalopterus_ornatus black tropical American bird having a large overhanging crest and long feathered wattle
subtype: #scissortail__scissortailed_flycatcher__scissortailedflycatcher__Muscivora-forficata gray flycatcher of the southwestern United States and Mexico and Central America having a long forked tail and white breast and salmon and scarlet markings
subtype: #manakin any of numerous small bright-colored birds of Central and South America having short bills and elaborate courtship behavior
subtype: #ovenbird small brownish South American birds that build oven-shaped clay nests
subtype: #antbird__ant_bird__antbird any of various dull-colored South American birds that feeding on ants some following army ant swarms
subtype: #ant_thrush__antthrush a kind of antbird
subtype: #ant_shrike__antshrike antbirds superficially resembling shrikes
subtype: #spotted_antbird__spottedantbird__Hylophylax_naevioides a kind of antbird
subtype: #woodhewer__woodcreeper__tree_creeper any of numerous South and Central American birds with a curved bill and stiffened tail feathers that climb and feed like woodpeckers
subtype: #pitta any bird of the genus Pitta; brilliantly colored chiefly terrestrial birds with short wings and tail and stout bills
subtype: #jenny_wren__jennywren__wren and of several small active brown birds of the northern hemisphere with short upright tails; they feed on insects
subtype: #winter_wren__Troglodytes_troglodytes small wren of coniferous forests of northern hemisphere
subtype: #house_wren__housewren__Troglodytes_aedon common American wren that nests around houses
subtype: #marsh_wren__marshwren a wren of the genus Cistothorus that frequents marshes
subtype: #long-billed_marsh_wren__Cistothorus_palustris American wren that inhabits tall reed beds
subtype: #sedge_wren__sedgewren__short-billed_marsh_wren__Cistothorus_platensis small American wren inhabiting wet sedgy meadows
subtype: #Salpinctes_obsoletus__rock_wren wren inhabiting badlands and mesa country of western United States and Mexico
subtype: #Carolina_wren__Thryothorus_ludovicianus large United States wren with a musical call
subtype: #cactus_wren large harsh-voiced American wren of arid regions of the United States southwest and Mexico
subtype: #nonpasserine_bird chiefly arboreal birds especially of the order Coraciiformes
subtype: #bird_of_prey__raptor__raptorial_bird__raptorialbird any of numerous carnivorous birds that hunt and kill other animals
subtype: #order_Accipitriformes__Accipitriformes in some classifications an alternative name for the Falconiformes
subtype: #hawk diurnal bird of prey typically having short rounded wings and a long tail
subtype: #eyas an unfledged or nestling hawk
subtype: #tiercel__tercel__tercelet male hawk especially male peregrine or gyrfalcon
subtype: #goshawk__Accipiter_gentilis large hawk of Eurasia and North America used in falconry
subtype: #Accipiter_nisus__sparrow_hawk__sparrowhawk small hawk of Eurasia and North Africa
subtype: #Cooper's_hawk__blue_darter__Accipiter_cooperii bluish-gray North American hawk having a darting flight
subtype: #chicken_hawk__chickenhawk__henhawk nontechnical term for any hawks said to prey on poultry
subtype: #buteonine any hawk of the genus Buteo
subtype: #redtail__redtailedhawk__Buteo_jamaicensis dark brown American hawk species having a reddish-brown tail
subtype: #rough-legged_hawk__roughleg__Buteo_lagopus large hawk of the northern hemisphere that feeds chiefly on small rodents and is beneficial to farmers
subtype: #red-shouldered_hawk__Buteo_lineatus North American hawk with reddish brown shoulders
subtype: #buzzard__Buteo_buteo the common European short-winged hawk
subtype: #honey_buzzard__honeybuzzard__Pernis_apivorus Old World hawk that feeds on bee larvae and small rodents and reptiles
subtype: #kite any of several small graceful hawks of the family Accipitridae having long pointed wings and feeding on insects and small animals
subtype: #black_kite__blackkite__Milvus_migrans dark Old World kite feeding chiefly on carrion
subtype: #swallow-tailed_kite__swallow-tailed_hawk__Elanoides_forficatus graceful North American black-and-white kite
subtype: #white-tailed_kite__Elanus_leucurus gray-and-white American kite of warm and tropical regions
subtype: #harrier hawks that hunt over meadows and marshes and prey on small terrestrial animals
subtype: #marsh_harrier__marshharrier__Circus_Aeruginosus Old World harrier frequenting marshy regions
subtype: #Montagu's_harrier__Circus_pygargus brownish European harrier
subtype: #marsh_hawk__marshhawk__northern_harrier__hen_harrier__henharrier__Circus_cyaneus common harrier of North America and Europe; nests in marshes and open land
subtype: #harrier_eagle__harriereagle__short-toed_eagle any of numerous large Old Wold hawks intermediate in some respects between typical hawks and typical eagles
subtype: #falcon diurnal birds of prey having long pointed powerful wings adapted for swift flight
subtype: #peregrine_falcon__peregrinefalcon__Falco_peregrinus a widely distributed falcon formerly used in falconry
subtype: #falcon-gentle__falcon-gentil female falcon especially a female peregrine falcon
subtype: #gyrfalcon__gerfalcon__Falco_rusticolus large and rare arctic falcon having white and dark color phases
subtype: #Falco_tinnunculus__kestrel small Old World falcon that hovers in the air against a wind
subtype: #sparrow_hawk__sparrowhawk__americankestrel__kestrel__Falco_sparverius small North American falcon
subtype: #pigeon_hawk__merlin__Falco_columbarius small falcon of Europe and America having dark plumage with black-barred tail; used in falconry
subtype: #Falco_subbuteo__hobby small Old World falcon formerly trained and flown at small birds
subtype: #caracara any of various long-legged carrion-eating hawks of South and Central America
subtype: #Audubon's_caracara__Polyborus_cheriway_audubonii widespread from southern United States to Central America; rusty black with black-and-white breast and tail
subtype: #carancha__Polyborus_plancus South American caracara
subtype: #osprey__fish_hawk__fish_eagle__sea_eagle__seaeagle__Pandion_haliaetus large harmless hawk found worldwide that feeds on fish and builds a bulky nest often occupied for years
subtype: #bird_of_Jove__eagle any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight
subtype: #eaglet a young eagle
subtype: #harpy_eagle__harpyeagle__harpy__Harpia_harpyja large black-and-white crested eagle of tropical America
subtype: #golden_eagle__Aquila_chrysaetos large eagle of mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere having a golden-brown head and neck
subtype: #ringtail an immature golden eagle
subtype: #tawny_eagle__tawnyeagle__Aquila_rapax brownish eagle of Africa and parts of Asia
subtype: #bald_eagle__American_eagle__Haliaeetus_leucocephalus large North American eagle having a white head and dark wings and body
subtype: #sea_eagle__seaeagle any of various large eagles that usually feed on fish
subtype: #Kamchatkan_sea_eagle__Stellar's_sea_eagle__Haliaeetus_pelagicus found on coasts of western north Pacific
subtype: #ern__erne__gray_sea_eagle__European_sea_eagle__white-tailed_sea_eagle__Haliatus_albicilla bulky grayish-brown eagle with a short wedge-shaped white tail; of Europe and Greenland
subtype: #fishing_eagle__fishingeagle__Haliaeetus_leucorhyphus of southeast Europe and central Asia
subtype: #vulture any of various large diurnal birds of prey having naked heads and weak claws and feeding chiefly on carrion
subtype: #family_Aegypiidae__Aegypiidae in some classifications considered the family comprising the Old World vultures which are more often included in the family Accipitridae
subtype: #Old_World_vulture any of several large vultures of Africa and Eurasia
subtype: #griffon_vulture__griffonvulture__griffon__Gyps_fulvus large vulture of southern Europe and northern Africa having pale plumage with black wings
subtype: #bearded_vulture__beardedvulture__lammergeier__lammergeyer__Gypaetus_barbatus the largest Eurasian bird of prey; having black feathers hanging around the bill
subtype: #Egyptian_vulture__Pharaoh's_chicken__Neophron_percnopterus small mostly white vulture of Africa and southern Eurasia
subtype: #Aegypius_monachus__black_vulture__blackvulture of southern Eurasia and northern Africa
subtype: #New_World_vulture__cathartid large birds of prey superficially similar to Old World vultures
subtype: #turkey_buzzard__buzzard__turkey_vulture__Cathartes_aura common in South and Central America and southern United States
subtype: #condor largest flying birds in the western hemisphere
subtype: #Andean_condor__Vultur_gryphus large vulture of the high Andes having black plumage and white neck ruff
subtype: #California_condor__Gymnogyps_californianus North American condor; chiefly dull black; almost extinct
subtype: #black_vulture__blackvulture__carrion_crow__carrioncrow__Coragyps_atratus American vulture smaller than the turkey buzzard
subtype: #king_vulture__Sarcorhamphus_papa large black-and-white vulture of South and Central America have colorful wattles and wartlike protuberances on head and neck
subtype: #secretary_bird__secretarybird__Sagittarius_serpentarius large long-legged African bird of prey that feeds on reptiles
subtype: #owl__bird_of_Minerva__bird_of_night__hooter nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes
subtype: #owlet young owl
subtype: #little_owl__Athene_noctua small European owl
subtype: #horned_owl large owls having prominent ear tufts
subtype: #great_horned_owl__Bubo_virginianus brown North American horned owl
subtype: #great_gray_owl__Strix_nebulosa large dish-faced owl of northern North America and western Eurasia
subtype: #tawny_owl__tawnyowl__Strix_aluco reddish-brown European owl having a round head with black eyes
subtype: #barred_owl__Strix_varia large owl of eastern North America having its breast and abdomen streaked with brown
subtype: #Otus_asio__screech_owl__screechowl small North American owl having hornlike tufts of feathers
subtype: #screech_owl__screechowl any owl that has a screeching cry
subtype: #scops_owl__scopsowl any of several small owls having ear tufts and a whistling call
subtype: #Old_World_scops_owl__Otus_scops European scops owl
subtype: #Oriental_scops_owl__Otus_sunia Asian scops owl
subtype: #hoot_owl any owl that hoots as distinct from screeching
subtype: #hawk_owl__Surnia_ulula gray-and-white diurnal hawk-like owl of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #long-eared_owl__Asio_otus slender European owl of coniferous forests with long ear tufts
subtype: #laughing_owl__laughing_jackass__Sceloglaux_albifacies almost extinct owl of New Zealand
subtype: #barn_owl__Tyto_alba mottled buff and white owl often inhabiting barns and other structures; important in rodent control
subtype: #gallinaceous_bird__gallinaceon heavy-bodied largely ground-feeding domestic or game birds
subtype: #domestic_fowl__fowl__poultry a domesticated gallinaceous bird though to be descended from the red jungle fowl
subtype: #Dorking an English breed of large domestic fowl having five toes (the hind toe doubled)
subtype: #Plymouth_Rock an American breed of domestic fowl
subtype: #Cornish English breed of compact domestic fowl; raised primarily to crossbreed to produce roasters
subtype: #Rock_Cornish small plump hybrid developed by crossbreeding Plymouth Rock and Cornish fowl
subtype: #game_fowl any of several breeds reared for cock-fighting
subtype: #cochin_china__cochin Asian breed of large fowl with dense plumage and feathered legs
subtype: #chicken__Gallus_gallus a domestic fowl bred for flesh or eggs; believed to have been developed from the red jungle fowl
subtype: #bantam any of various small breeds
subtype: #chick__biddy young bird especially of domestic fowl
subtype: #rooster__cock adult male chicken
subtype: #cockerel a young domestic cock; not older than one year
subtype: #capon castrated male chicken
subtype: #biddy__hen adult female chicken
subtype: #cackler a hen that has just laid an egg and emits a shrill squawk
subtype: #brood_hen__broodhen__broody__broody_hen__setting_hen__settinghen__sitter a domestic hen ready to brood
subtype: #layer.biddy a hen that lays eggs
subtype: #pullet young hen usually less than a year old
subtype: #spring_chicken a young chicken having tender meat
subtype: #Rhode_Island_red American breed of heavy-bodied brownish-red general-purpose chicken
subtype: #Dominique__Dominick American breed of chicken having barred gray plumage raised for meat and brown eggs
subtype: #Orpington English breed of large white-skinned chickens
subtype: #Meleagris_gallopavo__turkey large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food
subtype: #turkey_cock__gobbler__tom__tomturkey male turkey
subtype: #guinea_fowl__guinea__Numida_meleagris W African bird having dark plumage mottled with white; native to Africa but raised for food in many parts of the world
subtype: #guinea_hen female guinea fowl
subtype: #jungle_fowl__gallina small Asiatic wild bird; believed to be ancestral to domestic fowl
subtype: #jungle_cock male jungle fowl
subtype: #jungle_hen female jungle fowl
subtype: #red_jungle_fowl__Gallus_gallus SE Asian jungle fowl considered ancestral to domestic fowl
subtype: #ocellated_turkey__ocellatedturkey__agriocharisocellata wild turkey of Central and northern South America
subtype: #game_bird any bird hunted as game
subtype: #grouse popular game bird having a plump body and feathered legs and feet
subtype: #black_grouse__blackgrouse grouse of which the male is bluish-black
subtype: #European_black_grouse__heathfowl__Lyrurus_tetrix large north European black grouse with a lyre-shaped tail
subtype: #Asian_black_grouse__Lyrurus_mlokosiewiczi of W. Asia
subtype: #blackcock__black_cock__blackcock male black grouse
subtype: #grayhen__gray_hen__heath_hen female black grouse
subtype: #ptarmigan large arctic and subarctic grouse with feathered feet and usually white winter plumage
subtype: #red_grouse__redgrouse__moorfowl__moorbird__moorgame__Lagopus_scoticus reddish-brown grouse of upland moors of Great Britain
subtype: #moorhen female red grouse
subtype: #moorcock male red grouse
subtype: #capercaillie__capercailzie__horse_of_the_wood__Tetrao_urogallus large black Old World grouse
subtype: #spruce_grouse__Canachites_canadensis North American grouse that feeds on evergreen buds and needles
subtype: #sage_grouse__sage_hen__Centrocercus_urophasianus large grouse of sagebrush regions of North America
subtype: #ruffed_grouse__partridge__Bonasa_umbellus valued as a game bird in eastern United States and Canada
subtype: #sharp-tailed_grouse__sprigtail__pedioecetesphasianellu large grouse of prairies and open forests of western North America
subtype: #prairie_chicken__prairiechicken__prairie_grouse__prairiegrouse__prairie_fowl__prairiefowl brown mottled North American grouse of western prairies
subtype: #greater_prairie_chicken__Tympanuchus_cupido the most common variety of prairie chicken
subtype: #lesser_prairie_chicken__Tympanuchus_pallidicinctus a smaller prairie chicken of Western Texas
subtype: #heath_hen__Tympanuchus_cupido_cupido extinct prairie chicken
subtype: #phasianid a kind of game bird in the family Phasianidae
subtype: #pheasant large long-tailed gallinaceous bird native to the Old World but introduced elsewhere
subtype: #ring-necked_pheasant__Phasianus_colchicus common pheasant having bright plumage and a white neck ring
subtype: #afropavo__Congo_peafowl__Afropavo_congensis both sexes are brightly colored
subtype: #argus_pheasant__arguspheasant__argus__argu large brilliantly patterned East Indian pheasant
subtype: #golden_pheasant__Chrysolophus_pictus brightly colored crested pheasant of mountains of western and central Asia
subtype: #monal__monaul brilliantly colored south Asian pheasant
subtype: #peafowl__bird_of_Juno very large terrestrial southeast Asian pheasant often raised as an ornamental bird
subtype: #peachick a young peafowl
subtype: #peacock male peafowl; having a crested head and very large fanlike tail marked with iridescent eyes or spots
subtype: #peahen female peafowl
subtype: #blue_peafowl__Pavo_cristatus peafowl of India and Ceylon
subtype: #green_peafowl__greenpeafowl__Pavo_muticus peafowl of southeast Asia
subtype: #tragopan brilliantly colored Asian pheasant having wattles and two fleshy processes on the head
subtype: #quail small gallinaceous game birds
subtype: #bobwhite_quail__bobwhite__partridge a popular North American game bird; named for its call
subtype: #northern_bobwhite__Colinus_virginianus a favorite game bird of eastern and central United States
subtype: #Old_World_quail small game bird with a rounded body and small tail
subtype: #migratory_quail__migratoryquail__Coturnix_coturnix__Coturnix_communis the typical Old World quail
subtype: #California_quail__Lofortyx_californicus plump chunky bird of coastal California and Oregon
subtype: #partridge small Old World gallinaceous game birds
subtype: #Hungarian_partridge__gray_partridge__Perdix_perdix common European partridge
subtype: #red-legged_partridge__Alectoris_ruffa common western European partridge with red legs
subtype: #Greek_partridge__rock_partridge__Alectoris_graeca of mountainous areas of southern Europe
subtype: #mountain_quail__mountain_partridge__Oreortyx_picta_palmeri California partridge; slightly larger than the California quail
subtype: #tinamou__partridge heavy-bodied small-winged South American game bird resembling a gallinaceous bird but related to the ratite birds
subtype: #guan any of several large turkey-like game birds of the family Cracidae; native to jungles of tropical America; resembling the curassows and valued as food
subtype: #piping_guan a kind of guan
subtype: #curassow large crested arboreal game bird of warm parts of the Americas having long legs and tails; highly esteemed as game and food
subtype: #chachalaca slender arboreal guan resembling a wild turkey; native to Central America and Mexico; highly regarded as game birds
subtype: #Texas_chachalaca__Ortilis_vetula_macalli of Mexico and Texas
subtype: #megapode__moundbird__mound_builder__moundbuilder__scrub_fowl__scrubfowl large-footed short-winged birds of Australasia; build mounds of decaying vegetation to incubate eggs
subtype: #mallee_fowl__leipoa__lowan__Leipoa_ocellata Australian moundbird; incubates eggs naturally in sandy mounds
subtype: #mallee_hen adult female mallee fowl
subtype: #brush_turkey__brushturkey__Alectura_lathami black megapode of wooded regions of Australia and New Guinea
subtype: #Macrocephalon_maleo__maleo Celebes megapode that lays eggs in holes in sandy beaches
subtype: #hoatzin__hoactzin__stinkbird__Opisthocomus_hoazin crested ill-smelling South American bird whose young have claws on the first and second digits of the wings
subtype: #columbiform_bird__columbiformbird cosmopolitan order of land birds having small heads and short legs with four unwebbed toes
subtype: #Raphus_cucullatus__dodo extinct heavy flightless bird of Mauritius related to pigeons
subtype: #Pezophaps_solitaria__solitaire extinct flightless bird related to the dodo
subtype: #pigeon wild and domesticated birds having a heavy body and short legs
subtype: #pouter_pigeon__pouter one of a breed of pigeon that enlarge their crop until their breast is puffed out
subtype: #dove any of numerous small pigeons
subtype: #turtledove any of several Old World wild doves
subtype: #Streptopelia_turtur the common European wild dove noted for its plaintive cooing
subtype: #ringdove__Streptopelia_risoria grayish Old World turtledove with a black band around the neck; often caged
subtype: #Australian_turtledove__turtledove__Stictopelia_cuneata small Australian dove
subtype: #mourning_dove__Zenaidura_macroura wild dove of the United States having a mournful call
subtype: #rock_dove__rock_pigeon__Columba_livia pale gray Eurasian pigeon having black-striped wings from which most domestic species are descended
subtype: #band-tailed_pigeon__band-tail_pigeon__bandtail__Columba_fasciata wild pigeon of western North America; often mistaken for the now extinct passenger pigeon
subtype: #wood_pigeon__ringdove__cushat__Columba_palumbus Eurasian pigeon with white patches on wings and neck
subtype: #domestic_pigeon domesticated pigeon raised for sport or food
subtype: #fairy_swallow__fairyswallow fancy domestic pigeon having blue-and-white plumage and heavily muffed feet
subtype: #tumbler_pigeon__tumblerpigeon__roller__tumbler pigeon that executes backward somersaults in flight or on the ground
subtype: #homing_pigeon__homer pigeon trained to return home
subtype: #carrier_pigeon__carrierpigeon a homing pigeon used to carry messages
subtype: #squab an unfledged pigeon
subtype: #passenger_pigeon__passengerpigeon__Ectopistes_migratorius gregarious North American migratory pigeon now extinct
subtype: #sandgrouse__sand_grouse pigeon-like bird of arid regions of the Old World having long pointed wings and tail and precocial downy young
subtype: #painted_sandgrouse__paintedsandgrouse__Pterocles_indicus sandgrouse of India
subtype: #pin-tailed_sandgrouse__pin-tailed_grouse__Pterocles_alchata sandgrouse of Europe and Africa having elongated middle tail feathers
subtype: #pallas's_sandgrouse__Syrrhaptes_paradoxus Eurasiatic sandgrouse with a black patch on the belly
subtype: #parrot usually brightly colored zygodactyl tropical birds with short hooked beaks and the ability to mimic sounds
subtype: #popinjay archaic
subtype: #poll_parrot__poll a tame parrot
subtype: #African_gray__Psittacus_erithacus commonly domesticated gray parrot with red-and-black tail and white face; native to equatorial Africa
subtype: #amazon mainly green tropical American parrots
subtype: #macaw long-tailed brilliantly colored parrot of Central and South America; among the largest and showiest of parrots
subtype: #kea__Nestor_notabilis large brownish-green New Zealand parrot
subtype: #cockatoo white or light-colored crested parrot of the Australian region; often kept as cage birds
subtype: #sulphur-crested_cockatoo__sulphurcrestedcockatoo__Kakatoe_galerita__Cacatua_galerita white cockatoo with a yellow erectile crest
subtype: #pink_cockatoo__Kakatoe_leadbeateri white Australian cockatoo with roseate tinged plumage
subtype: #cockateel__cockatiel__cockatooparrot__Nymphicus_hollandicus small gray Australian parrot with a yellow crested head
subtype: #lovebird small African parrot noted for showing affection for their mates
subtype: #lory small brightly colored Australasian parrots having a brush-tipped tongue for feeding on nectar and soft fruits
subtype: #lorikeet any of various small lories
subtype: #varied_Lorikeet__Glossopsitta_versicolor lorikeet with a colorful coat
subtype: #rainbow_lorikeet__rainbowlorikeet__Trichoglossus_moluccanus a kind of lorikeet
subtype: #parakeet__parrakeet__parroket__paraquet__paroquet__parroquet any of numerous small slender long-tailed parrots
subtype: #Carolina_parakeet__Conuropsis_carolinensis extinct parakeet whose range extended far into the United States
subtype: #budgerigar__budgereegah__budgie__grass_parakeet__grassparakeet__lovebird__shell_parakeet__shellparakeet__Melopsittacus_undulatus small Australian parakeet usually light green with black and yellow markings in the wild but bred in many colors
subtype: #ring-necked_parakeet__Psittacula_krameri African parakeet
subtype: #cuculiform_bird birds having zygodactyl feet (except for the touracos)
subtype: #cuckoo any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail
subtype: #European_cuckoo__Cuculus_canorus common European cuckoo having a distinctive two-note call; lays eggs in the nests of other birds
subtype: #black-billed_cuckoo__Coccyzus_erythropthalmus North American cuckoo; builds a nest and rears its own young
subtype: #roadrunner__chaparral_cock__chaparralcock__Geococcyx_californianus speedy largely terrestrial bird found from California and Mexico to Texas
subtype: #ani black tropical American cuckoo
subtype: #coucal Old World ground-living cuckoo having a long dagger-like hind claw
subtype: #crow_pheasant__Centropus_sinensis common coucal of India and China
subtype: #pheasant_coucal__pheasant_cuckoo__Centropus_phasianinus Australian bird with a tail like a pheasant
subtype: #touraco__turaco__turacou__turakoo large brightly crested bird of Africa
subtype: #coraciiform_bird__coraciiformbird chiefly short-legged arboreal nonpasserine birds that nest in holes
subtype: #roller.coraciiform_bird Old World bird that tumbles or rolls in flight; related to kingfishers
subtype: #European_roller__Coracias_garrulus common European blue-and-green roller with a reddish-brown back
subtype: #ground_roller Madagascan roller with terrestrial and crepuscular habits that feeds on e.g. insects and worms
subtype: #kingfisher nonpasserine large-headed bird with a short tail and long sharp bill; usually crested and bright-colored; feed mostly on fish
subtype: #Eurasian_kingfisher__Alcedo_atthis small kingfisher with greenish-blue and orange plumage
subtype: #belted_kingfisher__Ceryle_alcyon grayish-blue North American kingfisher with a chestnut band on its chest
subtype: #kookaburra__laughing_jackass__Dacelo_gigas Australian kingfisher having a loud cackling cry
subtype: #bee_eater__beeeater colorful chiefly tropical Old World bird having a strong graceful flight; feeds on especially bees
subtype: #hornbill bird of tropical Africa and Asia having a very large bill surmounted by a bony protuberance; related to kingfishers
subtype: #hoopoe__hoopoo any of several crested Old World birds with a slender down-curving bill
subtype: #Euopean_hoopoe__Upupa_epops pinkish-brown hoopoe with black-and-white wings
subtype: #wood_hoopoe tropical African bird having metallic blackish plumage but no crest
subtype: #motmot__momot tropical American bird resembling a blue jay and having greenish and bluish plumage
subtype: #tody tiny insectivorous West Indian bird having red-and-green plumage and a long straight bill
subtype: #apodiform_bird__apodiformbird nonpasserine bird having long wings and weak feet; spends much of its time in flight
subtype: #swift small plain-colored bird that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight
subtype: #European_swift__Apus_apus common European bird with a shrieking call that nests chiefly about eaves of buildings or on cliffs
subtype: #chimney_swift__chimney_swallow__chimneyswallow__Chateura_pelagica American swift that nests in e.g. unused chimneys
subtype: #swiftlet__Collocalia_inexpectata swift of eastern Asia; produces the edible bird's nest
subtype: #tree_swift__crested_swift__crestedswift birds of southeast Asia and East Indies differing from true swifts in having upright crests and nesting in trees
subtype: #hummingbird tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills; wings are specialized for vibrating flight
subtype: #Archilochus_colubris a kind of hummingbird
subtype: #thornbill any of various South American hummingbirds with a sharp pointed bill
subtype: #caprimulgiform_bird long-winged nonpasserine birds
subtype: #goatsucker__nightjar__caprimulgid mainly crepuscular or nocturnal nonpasserine birds with mottled grayish-brown plumage and large eyes; feed on insects
subtype: #European_goatsucker__European_nightjar__Caprimulgus_europaeus Old World goatsucker
subtype: #chuck-will's-widow__Caprimulgus_carolinensis large whippoorwill-like bird of the southern United States
subtype: #whippoorwill__Caprimulgus_vociferus American nocturnal goatsucker with gray-and-white plumage
subtype: #nighthawk__bullbat__mosquito_hawk mainly nocturnal North American goatsucker
subtype: #poorwill__Phalaenoptilus_nuttallii goatsucker of western North America
subtype: #frogmouth insectivorous bird of Australia and southeastern Asia having a wide frog-like mouth
subtype: #oilbird__guacharo__Steatornis_caripensis nocturnal fruit-eating bird of South America that has fatty young yielding an oil that is used instead of butter
subtype: #piciform_bird any of numerous nonpasserine insectivorous climbing birds usually having strong bills for boring wood
subtype: #woodpecker__peckerwood__pecker bird with strong claws and a stiff tail adapted for climbing and a hard chisel-like bill for boring into wood for insects
subtype: #green_woodpecker__greenwoodpecker__Picus_viridis woodpecker of Europe and western Asia
subtype: #downy_woodpecked__downywoodpecked small North American woodpecker with black and white plumage and a small bill
subtype: #flicker North American woodpecker
subtype: #yellow-shafted_flicker__Colaptes_auratus__yellowhammer large flicker of eastern North America with a red neck and yellow undersurface to wings and tail
subtype: #gilded_flicker__Colaptes_chrysoides southwestern United States bird like the yellow-shafted flicker but lacking the red neck
subtype: #red-shafted_flicker__redshaftedflicker__Colaptes_caper_collaris western United States bird with red undersurface to wings and tail
subtype: #ivorybill__ivory-billed_woodpecker__Campephilus_principalis large black-and-white woodpecker of southern United States and Cuba having an ivory bill; nearly extinct
subtype: #redheaded_woodpecker__redheadedwoodpecker__redhead__melanerpeserythrocephalu black-and-white North American woodpecker having a red head and neck
subtype: #sapsucker small American woodpecker that feeds on sap from e.g. apple and maple trees
subtype: #yellow-bellied_sapsucker__Sphyrapicus_varius eastern North American sapsucker having a pale yellow abdomen
subtype: #red-breasted_sapsucker__Sphyrapicus_varius_ruber western North American sapsucker
subtype: #wryneck Old World woodpecker with a peculiar habit of twisting the neck
subtype: #piculet small woodpeckers of South America and Africa and East Indies having soft rounded tail feathers
subtype: #barbet small brightly colored stout-billed tropical bird having short weak wings
subtype: #puffbird brownish tropical American bird having a large head with fluffed out feathers
subtype: #honey_guide__honeyguide small bird of tropical Africa and Asia; feeds on beeswax and honey and larvae
subtype: #jacamar tropical American insectivorous bird having a long sharp bill and iridescent green or bronze plumage
subtype: #toucan brilliantly colored arboreal fruit-eating bird of tropical America having a very large thin-walled beak
subtype: #toucanet small toucan
subtype: #trogon forest bird of warm regions of the New World having brilliant lustrous plumage and long tails
subtype: #quetzal_bird__quetzalbird__quetzal large trogon of Central and South America having golden-green and scarlet plumage
subtype: #resplendent_quetzel__resplendentquetzel__resplendent_trogon__resplendenttrogon__Pharomacrus_mocino very rare Central American bird; the national bird of Guatemala
subtype: #aquatic_bird__aquaticbird wading and swimming and diving birds of either fresh or salt water
subtype: #waterfowl__water_bird__waterbird__waterbird freshwater aquatic bird
subtype: #anseriform_bird chiefly web-footed swimming birds
subtype: #duck small wild or domesticated web-footed broad-billed swimming bird usually having a depressed body and short legs
subtype: #drake adult male of a wild or domestic duck
subtype: #quack-quack child's word for a duck
subtype: #duckling young duck
subtype: #diving_duck any of various ducks of especially bays and estuaries that dive for their food
subtype: #dabbling_duck__dabbler any of numerous shallow-water ducks that feed by upending and dabbling
subtype: #mallard__Anas_platyrhynchos wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed
subtype: #black_duck__blackduck__Anas_rubripes dusky black duck of northeastern United States and Canada
subtype: #teal any of various small short-necked dabbling river ducks of Europe and America
subtype: #greenwing__green-winged_teal__Anas_crecca common teal of Eurasia and North America
subtype: #bluewing__blue-winged_teal__Anas_discors American teal
subtype: #garganey__Anas_querquedula small Eurasian teal
subtype: #widgeon__wigeon__Anas_penelope freshwater duck of Eurasia and North Africa related to mallards and teals
subtype: #American_widgeon__baldpate__Anas_americana American widgeon the male of which has a white crown
subtype: #Anas_clypeata__shoveler__shoveller__broadbill freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill
subtype: #pintail__pin-tailed_duck__Anas_acuta long-necked river duck of the Old and New Worlds having elongated central tail feathers
subtype: #sheldrake Old World gooselike duck slightly larger than a mallard with variegated mostly black-and-white plumage and a red bill
subtype: #shelduck female sheldrake
subtype: #ruddy_duck__ruddyduck__oxyurajamaicensi reddish-brown stiff-tailed duck of North America and and northern South America
subtype: #bufflehead__butterball__dipper__Bucephela_albeola small North American diving duck; males have bushy head plumage
subtype: #goldeneye__whistler__Bucephela_clangula large-headed swift-flying diving duck of arctic regions
subtype: #Barrow's_goldeneye__Bucephala_islandica North American goldeneye diving duck
subtype: #canvasback_duck__canvasback__Aythya_valisineria North American wild duck valued for sport and food
subtype: #pochard__Aythya_ferina heavy-bodied Old World diving duck having a gray-and-black body and reddish head
subtype: #Aythya_americana__redhead North American diving duck with a gray-and-black body and reddish-brown head
subtype: #scaup_duck__scaupduck__bluebill__broadbill diving ducks of North America having a bluish-gray bill
subtype: #greater_scaup__greaterscaup__Aythya_marila large scaup of North America having a greenish iridescence on the head of the male
subtype: #lesser_scaup_duck__lesser_scaup__lake_duck__Aythya_affinis common scaup of North America; males have purplish heads
subtype: #wild_duck an undomesticated duck (especially a mallard)
subtype: #wood_duck__summer_duck__wood_widgeon__Aix_sponsa showy North American duck that nests in hollow trees
subtype: #wood_drake male wood duck
subtype: #mandarin_duck__Aix_galericulata showy crested Asiatic duck; often domesticated
subtype: #muscovy_duck__muscovyduck__muskduck__Cairina_moschata large crested wild duck of Central and South America; widely domesticated
subtype: #sea_duck__seaduck any of various large diving ducks found along the seacoast: eider; scoter; merganser
subtype: #eider_duck__eiderduck duck of the northern hemisphere much valued for the fine soft down of the females
subtype: #scoter__scooter large black diving duck of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #common_scoter__Melanitta_nigra a variety of scoter
subtype: #old_squaw__oldsquaw__oldwife__clangulahyemali a common long-tailed sea duck of the northern parts of the United States
subtype: #merganser__fish_duck__sawbill large crested fish-eating diving duck having a slender hooked bill with serrated edges
subtype: #goosander__Mergus_merganser common merganser of Europe and North America
subtype: #American_merganser__Mergus_merganser_americanus common North American diving duck considered a variety of the European goosander
subtype: #red-breasted_merganser__Mergus_serrator widely distributed merganser of America and Europe
subtype: #smew__Mergus_albellus smallest merganser and most expert diver; found in northern Eurasia
subtype: #hooded_merganser__hooded_sheldrake__Lophodytes_cucullatus small North American duck with a high circular crest on the male's head
subtype: #goose web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks
subtype: #gosling young goose
subtype: #gander mature male goose
subtype: #Chinese_goose__Anser_cygnoides very large wild goose of northeast Asia; interbreeds freely with the graylag
subtype: #graylag__greylag__greylag_goose__greylaggoose__Anser_anser common gray wild goose of Europe; ancestor of many domestic breeds
subtype: #blue_goose__Chen_caerulescens North American wild goose having dark plumage in summer but white in winter
subtype: #snow_goose blue goose in the white color phase
subtype: #brant_goose__brantgoose__brant__brent__brent_goose__brentgoose small dark geese that breed in the north and migrate southward
subtype: #common_brant_goose__Branta_bernicla the best known variety of brant goose
subtype: #Canada_goose__honker__Canadian_goose__Branta_canadensis common grayish-brown wild goose of North America
subtype: #barnacle_goose__barnacle__Branta_leucopsis European goose smaller than the brant; breeds in the far north
subtype: #screamer gooselike aquatic bird of South America having a harsh trumpeting call
subtype: #horned_screamer__Anhima_cornuta screamer having a hornlike process projecting from the forehead
subtype: #crested_screamer__crestedscreamer distinguished from the horned screamer by a feathery crest on the back of the head
subtype: #chaja__Chauna_torquata largest crested screamer; naive to southern Brazil and Argentina
subtype: #swan stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult
subtype: #coscoroba large white South American bird intermediate in some respects between ducks and swans
subtype: #cob adult male swan
subtype: #pen.swan female swan
subtype: #cygnet a young swan
subtype: #mute_swan__Cygnus_olor soundless Eurasian swan; commonly domesticated
subtype: #whooper_swan__whooperswan__whooper__Cygnus_cygnus common Old World swan noted for its whooping call
subtype: #tundra_swan__Cygnus_columbianus swan that nests in tundra regions of the New and Old Worlds
subtype: #whistling_swan__whistlingswan__cygnuscolumbianuscolumbianu North American subspecies of tundra swan having a soft whistling note
subtype: #Bewick's_swan__Cygnus_columbianus_bewickii Eurasian subspecies of tundra swan; smaller than the whooper
subtype: #trumpeter_swan__trumpeterswan__trumpeter__Cygnus_buccinator large pure white wild swan of western North America having a sonorous cry
subtype: #black_swan__blackswan__Cygnus_atratus large Australian swan having black plumage and a red bill
subtype: #wading_bird__wader any of many long-legged birds that wade in water in search of food
subtype: #stork large mostly Old World wading birds typically having white-and-black plumage
subtype: #white_stork__whitestork__Ciconia_ciconia the common stork of Europe; white with black wing feathers and a red bill
subtype: #black_stork__blackstork__Ciconia_nigra Old World stork that is glossy black above and white below
subtype: #adjutant_bird__adjutant__adjutant_stork__Leptoptilus_dubius large Indian stork with a military gait
subtype: #marabou_stork__maraboustork__marabou__marabout__Leptoptilus_crumeniferus large African black-and-white carrion-eating stork; downy under-wing feathers are used to trim garments
subtype: #openbill stork with a grooved bill whose upper and lower parts touch only at the base and tip
subtype: #jabiru__Jabiru_mycteria large white stork of warm regions of the world especially America
subtype: #saddlebill__jabiru__Ephippiorhynchus_senegalensis large black-and-white stork of tropical Africa; its red bill has a black band around the middle
subtype: #policeman_bird__policemanbird__black-necked_stork__jabiru__Xenorhyncus_asiaticus large mostly white Australian stork
subtype: #Mycteria_americana__wood_ibis__wood_stork American stork resembling the true ibises in having a downward-curved bill; inhabits wooded swamps of New World tropics
subtype: #shoebill__shoebird__Balaeniceps_rex large stork-like bird of the valley of the White Nile with a broad bill suggesting a wooden shoe
subtype: #ibis wading birds of warm regions having long slender down-curved bills
subtype: #wood_ibis__wood_stork__Ibis_ibis Old World wood ibis
subtype: #sacred_ibis__Threskiornis_aethiopica African ibis venerated by ancient Egyptians
subtype: #spoonbill wading birds having a long flat bill with a tip like a spoon
subtype: #common_spoonbill__Platalea_leucorodia pure white crested spoonbill of southern Eurasia and northeastern Africa
subtype: #roseate_spoonbill__roseatespoonbill__Ajaia_ajaja tropical rose-colored New World spoonbill
subtype: #flamingo large pink to scarlet web-footed wading bird with down-bent bill; inhabits brackish lakes
subtype: #heron gray or white wading bird with long neck and long legs and (usually) long bill
subtype: #great_blue_heron__Ardea_herodius large American heron having bluish-gray plumage
subtype: #Ardea_occidentalis__great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron large white heron of Florida and the Florida Keys
subtype: #egret any of various usually white herons having long plumes during breeding season
subtype: #snowy_egret__snowyegret__snowy_heron__snowyheron__Egretta_thula small New World egret
subtype: #little_egret__Egretta_garzetta Old World egret
subtype: #great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Casmerodius_albus widely distributed Old World white egret
subtype: #American_egret__great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Egretta_albus the common American egret; a variety of the Old World Casmerodius albus
subtype: #cattle_egret__Bubulcus_ibis small white egret widely distributed in warm regions often found around grazing animals
subtype: #little_blue_heron__Egretta_caerulea small bluish gray heron of the western hemisphere
subtype: #night_heron__nightheron__night_raven__nightraven nocturnal or crepuscular herons
subtype: #black-crowned_night_heron__blackcrownednightheron__Nycticorax_nycticorax night heron of both Old and New Worlds
subtype: #yellow-crowned_night_heron__Nyctanassa_violacea North American night heron
subtype: #boatbill__boat-billed_heron__broadbill__Cochlearius_cochlearius tropical American heron related to night herons
subtype: #bittern relatively small compact tawny-brown heron with nocturnal habits and a booming cry; found in marshes
subtype: #American_bittern__stake_driver__stakedriver__Botaurus_lentiginosus a kind of bittern
subtype: #European_bittern__Botaurus_stellaris a kind of bittern
subtype: #least_bittern__leastbittern__Ixobrychus_exilis small American bittern
subtype: #crane large long-necked wading bird of marshes and plains in many parts of the world
subtype: #whooping_crane__whooper__Grus_americana rare North American crane having black-and-white plumage and a trumpeting call
subtype: #courlan__Aramus_guarauna wading bird of South and Central America
subtype: #limpkin__Aramus_pictus wading bird of Florida, Cuba and Jamaica having a drooping bill and a distinctive wailing call
subtype: #crested_cariama__crestedcariama__seriema__Cariama_cristata Brazilian cariama; sole representative of the genus Cariama
subtype: #chunga__seriema__Chunga_burmeisteri Argentinian cariama
subtype: #rail.wading_bird any of numerous widely distributed small wading birds of the family Rallidae having short wings and very long toes for running on soft mud
subtype: #weka__maori_hen__maorihen__wood_hen flightless New Zealand rail of thievish disposition having short wings each with a spur used in fighting
subtype: #crake any of several short-billed Old World rails
subtype: #corncrake__land_rail__Crex_crex common Eurasian rail that frequents grain fields
subtype: #spotted_crake__spottedcrake__Porzana_porzana Eurasian rail of swamps and marshes
subtype: #notornis__takahe__Notornis_mantelli flightless New Zealand birds similar to gallinules
subtype: #coot slaty-black slow-flying birds somewhat resembling ducks
subtype: #American_coot__marsh_hen__marshhen__mud_hen__mudhen__water_hen__waterhen__Fulica_americana North American coot
subtype: #Old_World_coot__Fulica_atra Eurasian coot
subtype: #bustard large heavy-bodied chiefly terrestrial game bird capable of powerful swift flight; classified with wading birds but frequents grassy steppes
subtype: #great_bustard__greatbustard__Otis_tarda largest European land bird
subtype: #plain_turkey__plainturkey__Choriotis_australis popular Australian game bird
subtype: #button_quail__bustard_quail__bustardquail__hemipode small quail-like terrestrial bird of southern Eurasia and North Africa that lacks a hind toe; classified with wading birds but inhabits grassy plains
subtype: #striped_button_quail__Turnix_sylvatica a variety of button quail having stripes
subtype: #ortygan any of several East Indian birds
subtype: #plain_wanderer__plainwanderer__pedionomustorquatu small Australian bird related to the button quail; classified as wading bird but inhabits plains
subtype: #trumpeter large gregarious forest-dwelling cranelike bird of South America having glossy black plumage and a loud prolonged cry; easily domesticated
subtype: #Brazilian_trumpeter__Psophia_crepitans trumpeter of Brazil and Guiana; often kept to protect poultry in Brazil
subtype: #shorebird__shore_bird__shorebird__limicoline_bird__limicolinebird any of numerous wading birds that frequent mostly seashores and estuaries
subtype: #plover any of numerous chiefly shorebirds of relatively compact build having straight bills and large pointed wings; closely related to the sandpipers
subtype: #piping_plover__Charadrius_melodus small plover of eastern North America
subtype: #killdeer_plover__killdeer__kildeer__Charadrius_vociferus American plover of inland waters and fields having a distinctive cry
subtype: #dotterel__dotrel__Charadrius_morinellus__Eudromias_morinellus rare plover of upland areas of Eurasia
subtype: #golden_plover plovers of Europe and America having the backs marked with golden-yellow spots
subtype: #lapwing__green_plover__greenplover__peewit__pewit large crested Old World plover having wattles and spurs
subtype: #turnstone migratory shorebirds of the plover family that turn over stones in searching for food
subtype: #ruddy_turnstone__ruddyturnstone__Arenaria_interpres common arctic turnstone that winters south to South America and Australia
subtype: #black_turnstone__blackturnstone__Arenaria-Melanocephala common turnstone of North American Pacific coast
subtype: #sandpiper any of numerous usually small wading birds having a slender bill and piping call; closely related to the plovers
subtype: #European_sandpiper__Actitis_hypoleucos a variety of sandpiper
subtype: #spotted_sandpiper__spottedsandpiper__Actitis_macularia common North American sandpiper
subtype: #least_sandpiper__leastsandpiper__stint__Erolia_minutilla smallest American sandpiper
subtype: #red-backed_sandpiper__dunlin__Erolia_alpina small common sandpiper that breeds in northern or arctic regions and winters in southern United States or Mediterranean regions
subtype: #greenshank__Tringa_nebularia large European sandpiper with greenish legs
subtype: #redshank__Tringa_totanus a common Old World wading bird with long red legs
subtype: #yellowlegs either of two North American shorebird with yellow legs
subtype: #greater_yellowlegs__Tringa_melanoleuca a variety of yellowlegs
subtype: #lesser_yellowlegs__Tringa_flavipes a variety of yellowlegs
subtype: #pectoral_sandpiper__jacksnipe__Calidris_melanotos American sandpiper that inflates its chest when courting
subtype: #grayback__knot__Calidris_canutus sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and winters in the S hemisphere
subtype: #curlew_sandpiper__Calidris_Ferruginea Old World sandpiper with a curved bill like a curlew
subtype: #sanderling__Crocethia_alba small sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and migrates south along sandy coasts in most of world
subtype: #upland_sandpiper__upland_plover__Bartramian_sandpiper__Bartramia_longicauda large plover-like sandpiper of North American fields and uplands
subtype: #Philomachus_pugnax__ruff common Eurasian sandpiper; male has an erectile ruff in breeding season
subtype: #reeve female ruff
subtype: #tattler any of several long-legged shorebirds having a loud whistling cry
subtype: #Polynesian_tattler__Heteroscelus_incanus tattler of Pacific coastal regions
subtype: #willet__Catoptrophorus_semipalmatus large North American shorebird of eastern and Gulf coasts
subtype: #surfbird__Aphriza_virgata sandpiper-like shorebird of Pacific coasts of North and South America
subtype: #woodcock game bird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe
subtype: #Eurasian_woodcock__Scolopax_rusticola short-legged long-billed migratory Old World woodcock
subtype: #American_woodcock__woodcock_snipe__Philohela_minor small long-billed American woodcock; prized as a game bird
subtype: #snipe Old or New World straight-billed game bird of the sandpiper family; of marshy areas; similar to the woodcocks
subtype: #whole_snipe__wholesnipe__common_snipe__Gallinago_gallinago common snipe of Eurasia and Africa
subtype: #Wilson's_snipe__Gallinago_gallinago_delicata American snipe
subtype: #great_snipe__greatsnipe__woodcock_snipe__Gallinago_media Old World snipe larger and darker than the whole snipe
subtype: #jacksnipe__half_snipe__Limnocryptes_minima a small short-billed Old World snipe
subtype: #dowitcher shorebird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe
subtype: #Limnodromus_griseus__grayback a dowitcher with a gray back
subtype: #red-breasted_snipe__Limnodromus_scolopaceus a dowitcher with a red breast
subtype: #curlew large migratory shorebirds of the sandpiper family; closely related to woodcocks but having a down-curved bill
subtype: #European_curlew__Numenius_arquata common Eurasian curlew
subtype: #Eskimo_curlew__Numenius_borealis New World curlew that breeds in northern North America
subtype: #godwit large wading bird that resembles a curlew; has a long slightly upturned bill
subtype: #Hudsonian_godwit__Limosa_haemastica New World godwit
subtype: #Himantopus_stilt__stilt__stiltbird__longlegs__stilt_plover__stiltplover long-legged three-toed black-and-white wading bird of inland ponds and marshes or brackish lagoons
subtype: #black-necked_stilt__Himantopus_mexicanus stilt of southwestern United States to northern South America having black plumage extending from the head down the back of the neck
subtype: #black-winged_stilt__Himantopus_himantopus stilt of Europe and Africa and Asia having mostly white plumage but with black wings
subtype: #white-headed_stilt__Himantopus_himantopus_leucocephalus__himantopushimantopusleucocephalu stilt of the southwest Pacific including Australia and New Zealand having mostly white plumage but with black wings and nape of neck
subtype: #kaki__Himantopus_novae-zelandiae blackish stilt of New Zealand sometimes considered a color phase of the white-headed stilt
subtype: #Australian_stilt__stilt long-legged three-toed wading bird of brackish marshes of Australia
subtype: #banded_stilt__Cladorhyncus_leucocephalum web-footed Australian stilt with reddish-brown pectoral markings
subtype: #avocet long-legged web-footed black-and-white shorebird with slender upward-curving bill
subtype: #oystercatcher__oyster_catcher black-and-white shorebird with stout legs and bill; feed on oysters etc.
subtype: #phalarope small sandpiper-like shorebird having lobate toes and being good swimmers; breed in the arctic and winter in the tropics
subtype: #red_phalarope__redphalarope__Phalaropus_fulicarius phalarope of northern oceans and lakes
subtype: #northern_phalarope__Lobipes_lobatus breeds in arctic regions of Old and New worlds; large flocks often seen far out at sea
subtype: #Wilson's_phalarope__Steganopus_tricolor breeds on the northern great plains of Canada
subtype: #pratincole__glareole Old World shorebird with long pointed wings and short legs; closely related to the coursers
subtype: #courser swift-footed terrestrial plover-like bird of southern Asia and Africa
subtype: #cream-colored_courser__creamcoloredcourser__Cursorius_cursor courser of desert and semidesert regions of the Old World
subtype: #crocodile_bird__crocodilebird__Pluvianus_aegyptius African courser that feeds on insect parasites on crocodiles
subtype: #stone_curlew__stonecurlew__thick-knee__thickknee__Burhinus_oedicnemus large-headed large-eyed crepuscular or nocturnal shorebird of the Old World and tropical America having a thickened knee joint
subtype: #gallinule__marsh_hen__marshhen__water_hen__waterhen__swamphen any of various small aquatic birds of the genus Gallinula distinguished from rails by a frontal shield and a resemblance to domestic hens
subtype: #Florida_gallinule__Gallinula_chloropus_cachinnans North American dark bluish-gray gallinule
subtype: #Gallinula_chloropus__moorhen black gallinule that inhabits ponds and lakes
subtype: #purple_gallinule gallinules with showy purplish plumage
subtype: #European_gallinule__Porphyrio_porphyrio__porphyrioporphyrio purple gallinule of southern Europe
subtype: #American_gallinule__Porphyrula_martinica American purple gallinule
subtype: #seabird__sea_bird__seabird__seafowl a bird that frequents coastal waters and the open ocean: gulls; pelicans; gannets; cormorants; albatrosses; petrels; etc.
subtype: #coastal_diving_bird gull family; skimmer family; jaeger family; auk family
subtype: #larid long-winged web-footed aquatic bird of the gull family
subtype: #sea_gull__seagull__seagull mostly white aquatic bird having long pointed wings and short legs
subtype: #mew_gull__mewgull__sea_mew__Larus_canus the common gull of Eurasia and northeastern North America
subtype: #great_black-backed_gull__black-backed_gull__cob__larusmarinu white gull having a black back and wings
subtype: #herring_gull__herringgull__Larus_argentatus large gull of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #laughing_gull__blackcap__pewit__pewit_gull__pewitgull__Larus_ridibundus small black-headed European gull
subtype: #ivory_gull__ivorygull__Pagophila_eburnea white arctic gull; migrates as far south as England and New Brunswick
subtype: #kittiwake small pearl-gray gull of northern regions; nests on cliffs and has a rudimentary hind toe
subtype: #tern small slender gull having narrow wings and a forked tail
subtype: #sea_swallow__seaswallow__Sterna_hirundo common tern of Eurasia and America having white black and gray plumage
subtype: #skimmer gull-like seabird that flies along the surface of the water with an elongated lower mandible immersed to skim out food
subtype: #jaeger rapacious seabird that pursues weaker birds to make them drop their prey
subtype: #parasitic_jaeger__parasiticjaeger__arctic_skua__Stercorarius_parasiticus a variety of jaeger
subtype: #skua__bonxie gull-like jaeger of northern seas
subtype: #great_skua__greatskua__catharactaskua large brown skua of the North Atlantic
subtype: #auk black-and-white short-necked web-footed diving bird of northern seas
subtype: #auklet any of several small auks of north Pacific coasts
subtype: #razorbill__razor-billed_auk__Alca_torda black-and-white North Atlantic auk having a compressed sharp-edged bill
subtype: #little_auk__dovekie__plautusalle small short-billed auk abundant in arctic regions
subtype: #great_auk__greatauk__Pinguinus_impennis large large flightless auk of rocky islands off North Atlantic coast; extinct
subtype: #guillemot small black or brown speckled auks of northern seas
subtype: #black_guillemot__blackguillemot__Cepphus_grylle North Atlantic guillemot
subtype: #pigeon_guillemot__Cepphus_columba North Pacific guillemot
subtype: #murre black-and-white diving bird of northern seas
subtype: #common_murre__Uria_aalge the most frequent variety of murre
subtype: #thick-billed_murre__Uria_lomvia a variety of murre
subtype: #puffin any of two genera of northern seabirds having short necks and brightly colored compressed bills
subtype: #Atlantic_puffin__Fratercula_arctica common puffin of the North Atlantic
subtype: #horned_puffin__Fratercula_corniculata N Pacific puffin
subtype: #tufted_puffin__Lunda_cirrhata N Pacific puffin having a large yellow plume over each eye
subtype: #gaviiform_seabird__gaviiformseabird seabirds of the order Gaviiformes
subtype: #loon.gaviiform_seabird__diver large somewhat primitive fish-eating diving bird of the northern hemisphere having webbed feet placed far back; related to the grebes
subtype: #podicipitiform_seabird aquatic birds related to the loons
subtype: #grebe small compact-bodied almost completely aquatic bird that builds floating nests; similar to loons but smaller and with lobate rather than webbed feet
subtype: #great_crested_grebe__greatcrestedgrebe__Podiceps_cristatus large Old World grebe with black ear tufts
subtype: #red-necked_grebe__Podiceps_grisegena large stocky grebe of circumpolar regions having a dark neck
subtype: #black-necked_grebe__eared_grebe__Podiceps_nigricollis small grebe with yellow ear tufts and a black neck; found in Eurasia and southern Africa as well as western United States
subtype: #dabchick__little_grebe__Podiceps_ruficollis small European grebe
subtype: #pied-billed_grebe__Podilymbus_podiceps American grebe having a black-banded whitish bill
subtype: #pelecaniform_seabird large fish-eating seabird with four-toed webbed feet
subtype: #pelican large long-winged warm-water seabird having a large bill with a distensible pouch for fish
subtype: #white_pelican__whitepelican__Pelecanus_erythrorhynchos large American pelican; white with black wing feathers
subtype: #Old_world_white_pelican__Pelecanus_onocrotalus similar to American white pelican
subtype: #frigate_bird__frigatebird__manofwarbird long-billed warm-water seabird with wide wingspan and forked tail
subtype: #gannet large heavily built seabird with a long stout bill noted for its plunging dives for fish
subtype: #solan_goose__solangoose__solan__solant_goose__Sula_bassana very large white gannet with black wing tips
subtype: #booby small tropical gannet having a bright bill or bright feet or both
subtype: #cormorant__phalacrocoraxcarbo large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish
subtype: #snakebird__anhinga__darter fish-eating bird of warm inland waters having a long flexible neck and slender sharp-pointed bill
subtype: #water_turkey__waterturkey__Anhinga_anhinga blackish New World snakebird of swampy regions
subtype: #tropic_bird__boatswain_bird__boatswainbird mostly white web-footed tropical seabird often found far from land
subtype: #sphenisciform_seabird__sphenisciformseabird flightless cold-water seabirds: penguins
subtype: #penguin short-legged flightless birds of cold southern especially Antarctic regions having webbed feet and wings modified as flippers
subtype: #Adelie_penguin__Adelie__Pygoscelis_adeliae medium-sized penguins occurring in large colonies on the Adelie coast of Antarctica
subtype: #king_penguin__Aptenodytes_patagonica large penguin on islands bordering the Antarctic Circle
subtype: #emperor_penguin__emperorpenguin__Aptenodytes_forsteri the largest penguin; an Antarctic penguin
subtype: #jackass_penguin__jackasspenguin__Spheniscus_demersus small penguin of South America and southern Africa with a braying call
subtype: #rock_hopper__crested_penguin__crestedpenguin small penguin of the Falkland Islands and New Zealand
subtype: #pelagic_bird__pelagicbird__oceanic_bird__oceanicbird bird of the open seas
subtype: #procellariiform_seabird__procellariiformseabird large long-winged bird with hooked bill and tubular nostrils that wanders the open seas
subtype: #mollymawk__albatross__albatros large web-footed birds of the southern hemisphere having long narrow wings; noted for powerful gliding flight
subtype: #wandering_albatross__wanderingalbatros__Diomedea_exulans very large albatross; white with wide black wings
subtype: #black-footed_albatross__gooney__gooney_bird__goonie__goony__Diomedea_nigripes a variety of albatross with black feet
subtype: #petrel relatively small long-winged tube-nosed bird that flies far from land
subtype: #white-chinned_petrel__whitechinnedpetrel__Procellaria_aequinoctialis large black petrel of southern seas having a white mark on the chin
subtype: #giant_petrel__giantpetrel__giantfulmar__macronectesgiganteu large brownish petrel chiefly of Antarctic seas
subtype: #fulmar_petrel__fulmar__Fulmarus_glacialis heavy short-tailed oceanic bird of polar regions
subtype: #shearwater long-winged oceanic bird that in flight skims close to the waves
subtype: #Manx_shearwater__Puffinus_puffinus small black-and-white shearwater common in the eastern North Atlantic
subtype: #storm_petrel__stormpetrel any of various small petrels having dark plumage with paler underparts
subtype: #stormy_petrel__northern_storm_petrel__Hydrobates_pelagicus sooty black petrel with white markings; of the north Atlantic and Mediterranean
subtype: #Mother_Carey's_chicken__Mother_Carey's_hen__Oceanites_oceanicus medium-sized storm petrel
subtype: #diving_petrel any of several small diving birds of S hemisphere seas; somewhat resemble auks
subtype: #twitterer a bird that twitters
subtype: #amphibian cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into adult form
subtype: #Hynerpeton_bassetti fossil amphibian of the Devonian having well-developed forelimbs; found in Pennsylvania
subtype: #Ichyostega early tetrapod amphibian found in Greenland
subtype: #urodele amphibians that resemble lizards
subtype: #salamander any of various typically terrestrial amphibians that resemble lizards and that return to water only to breed
subtype: #European_fire_salamander__Salamandra_salamandra a kind of European salamander
subtype: #fire_salamander__spotted_salamander__spottedsalamander__Salamandra_maculosa European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots
subtype: #alpine_salamander__Salamandra_atra ovoviviparous amphibian of the Alps
subtype: #newt__triton small usually bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America and Europe and North Asia
subtype: #common_newt__Triturus_vulgaris small semiaquatic salamander
subtype: #red_eft__redeft__Notophthalmus_viridescens red terrestrial form of a common North American newt
subtype: #Pacific_newt any of several rough-skinned newts found in western North America
subtype: #rough-skinned_newt__roughskinnednewt__Taricha_granulosa newt of humid coast from Alaska to southern California
subtype: #California_newt__Taricha_torosa newt that is similar to Taricha granulosa in characteristics and habitat
subtype: #eft a newt in its terrestrial stage of development
subtype: #ambystomid_salamander__ambystomid small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander
subtype: #mole_salamander__Ambystoma_talpoideum brownish-black burrowing salamander of southeastern United States
subtype: #spotted_salamander__spottedsalamander__Ambystoma_maculatum glossy black North American salamander with yellow spots
subtype: #tiger_salamander__tigersalamander__Ambystoma_tigrinum widely distributed brown or black North American salamander with vertical yellowish blotches
subtype: #axolotl__mud_puppy__Ambystoma_mexicanum larval salamander of mountain lakes of Mexico that usually lives without metamorphosing
subtype: #waterdog any of several large aquatic salamanders
subtype: #hellbender__mud_puppy__Cryptobranchus_alleganiensis large salamander of North American rivers and streams
subtype: #giant_salamander__giantsalamander__megalobatrachusmaximu large (up to more than three feet) edible salamander of Asia
subtype: #olm__Proteus_anguinus European cave-dwelling aquatic salamander with permanent external gills
subtype: #mud_puppy__Necturus_maculosus aquatic North American salamander with red feathery external gills
subtype: #dicamptodon__dicamptodontid salamanders found near cold streams throughout the year
subtype: #Pacific_giant_salamander__Dicamptodon_ensatus large (to 7 inches) salamander of western North America
subtype: #olympic_salamander__olympicsalamander__Rhyacotriton_olympicus small large-eyed semiaquatic salamander of the United States northwest
subtype: #lungless_salamander__plethodont mostly terrestrial salamanders that breathe through their thin moist skin; lay eggs in moist places on land; rarely enter water
subtype: #eastern_red-backed_salamander__Plethodon_cinereus common salamander of eastern North America
subtype: #western_red-backed_salamander__Plethodon_vehiculum salamander of the Pacific coast of North America
subtype: #dusky_salamander__duskysalamander common North American salamander mottled with dull brown or grayish-black
subtype: #climbing_salamander any of several North American salamanders adapted for climbing with well-developed limbs and long somewhat squared-off toes
subtype: #arboreal_salamander__Aneides_lugubris yellow-spotted brown salamander of California woodlands
subtype: #slender_salamander__slendersalamander__worm_salamander any of several small slim salamanders of the United States Pacific coast
subtype: #web-toed_salamander any of several salamanders with webbed toes and very long extensile tongues; excellent climbers that move with ease over smooth rock surfaces
subtype: #Shasta_salamander__Hydromantes_shastae primarily a cave dweller in the Mount Shasta area
subtype: #limestone_salamander__limestonesalamander__hydromantesbrunu similar to Shasta salamander; lives in cliff crevices and taluses
subtype: #amphiuma__congo_snake__congo_eel__congoeel__blind_eel__blindeel aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States
subtype: #siren eel-like aquatic North American salamander with small forelimbs and no hind limbs; have permanent external gills
subtype: #toad__frog__toadfrog__anuran__batrachian__salientian any of various tailless stout-bodied amphibians with long hind limbs for leaping; semiaquatic and terrestrial species
subtype: #true_frog__ranid insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs
subtype: #woodfrog__Rana_sylvatica wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce
subtype: #leopard_frog__leopardfrog__spring_frog__Rana_pipiens common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots
subtype: #bullfrog__Rana_catesbeiana largest North American frog; highly aquatic with a deep-pitched voice
subtype: #green_frog__greenfrog__spring_frog__Rana_clamitans similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada
subtype: #cascades_frog__Rana_cascadae mountain frog found near water; of United States northwest to California
subtype: #goliath_frog__goliathfrog__Rana_goliath largest living frog; up to a foot and weighing up to 10 lbs; Africa
subtype: #pickerel_frog__Rana_palustris a meadow frog of eastern North America
subtype: #tarahumara_frog__Rana_tarahumarae Mexican frog found within a jump of two or water
subtype: #grass_frog__grassfrog__Rana_temporaria a common semiterrestrial European frog
subtype: #leptodactylid_frog__leptodactylidfrog__leptodactylid toothed frogs: terrestrial or aquatic or arboreal
subtype: #robber_frog small terrestrial frog of tropical America
subtype: #barking_frog__barkingfrog__robber_frog__Hylactophryne_augusti of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark
subtype: #crapaud__South_American_bullfrog__Leptodactylus_pentadactylus large toothed frog of South and Central America resembling the bullfrog
subtype: #tree_frog__treefrog any of various Old World arboreal frogs distinguished from true frogs by adhesive suckers on the toes
subtype: #tailed_frog__bell_toad__ribbed_toad__tailed_toad__Ascaphus_trui western North American frog with a tail-like copulatory organ
subtype: #Liopelma_hamiltoni primitive New Zealand frog with four unwebbed toes on forefeet and five on hind feet
subtype: #true_toad tailless amphibian similar to a frog but more terrestrial and having drier warty skin
subtype: #bufo any toad of the genus Bufo
subtype: #agua_toad__agua__Bufo_marinus largest known toad species; native to Central America; valuable destroyer of insect pests
subtype: #European_toad__Bufo_bufo common toad of Europe
subtype: #natterjack__Bufo_calamita common brownish-yellow short-legged toad of western Europe; runs rather than hops
subtype: #American_toad__Bufo_americanus common toad of America
subtype: #Eurasian_green_toad__Bufo_viridis Eurasian toad with variable chiefly green coloring
subtype: #American_green_toad__Bufo_debilis small green or yellow-green toad with small black bars and stripes
subtype: #Yosemite_toad__Bufo_canorus of high Sierra Nevada meadows and forest borders
subtype: #Texas_toad__Bufo_speciosus nocturnal burrowing toad of mesquite woodland and prairies of the United States southwest
subtype: #southwestern_toad__Bufo_microscaphus a uniformly warty stocky toad of washes and streams of semiarid southwestern United States
subtype: #western_toad__westerntoad__Bufo_boreas of a great variety of habitats from southern Alaska to Baja California west of the Rockies
subtype: #obstetrical_toad__obstetricaltoad__midwife_toad__midwifetoad__Alytes_obstetricans European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch
subtype: #midwife_toad__midwifetoad__Alytes_cisternasi similar in habit to Alytes obstetricians
subtype: #fire-bellied_toad__Bombina_bombina toad of central and eastern Europe having red or orange patches on its underside
subtype: #spadefoot_toad__spadefoottoad__spadefoot burrowing toad of the northern hemisphere with a horny spade-like projection on each hind foot
subtype: #western_spadefoot__westernspadefoot__Scaphiopus_hammondii of California
subtype: #southern_spadefoot__Scaphiopus_multiplicatus of the United States southwest
subtype: #plains_spadefoot__Scaphiopus_bombifrons of plains and hills and river bottoms in areas of low rainfall east of the Rocky Mountains
subtype: #tree_toad__tree_frog arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America
subtype: #spring_peeper__Hyla_crucifer small brown tree toad having a shrill call heard near wetlands of eastern United States and Canada in early spring
subtype: #Pacific_tree_toad__Hyla_regilla most commonly heard frog on the Pacific coast of America
subtype: #canyon_treefrog__Hyla_arenicolor small chiefly ground dweller that stays within easy jumping distance of water; of United States southwest and northern Mexico
subtype: #chameleon_tree_frog a form of tree toad
subtype: #cricket_frog__cricketfrog either of two frogs with a clicking call
subtype: #northern_cricket_frog__Acris_crepitans of eastern and central United States
subtype: #eastern_cricket_frog__easterncricketfrog__Acris_gryllus cricket frog of eastern United States
subtype: #chorus_frog any of several small North American frogs having a loud call
subtype: #lowland_burrowing_treefrog__lowlandburrowingtreefrog__northern_casque-headed_frog__Pternohyla_fodiens terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest
subtype: #western_narrow-mouthed_toad__Gastrophryne_olivacea small secretive toad with smooth tough skin of central and western North America
subtype: #eastern_narrow-mouthed_toad__Gastrophryne_carolinensis small toad of southeastern United States
subtype: #sheep_frog__sheepfrog mostly of Central America
subtype: #tongueless_frog almost completely aquatic frog native to Africa and Panama and northern South America
subtype: #Surinam_toad__Pipa_pipa__Pipa_americana South American toad; incubates its young in pits in the skin of its back
subtype: #African_clawed_frog__Xenopus_laevis native to Africa; established in the United States as result of release of laboratory and aquarium animals
subtype: #South_American_poison_toad a South American toad
subtype: #caecilian__blindworm any of the small slender limbless burrowing wormlike amphibians of the order Gymnophiona; inhabit moist soil in tropical regions
subtype: #labyrinthodont an amphibian of the superorder Labyrinthodontia
subtype: #reptile__reptilian any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises turtles snakes lizards alligators crocodiles and extinct forms
subtype: #anapsid_reptile__anapsid primitive reptile having no opening in the temporal region of the skull; all extinct except turtles
subtype: #chelonian_reptile__chelonianreptile__chelonian a reptile of the order Chelonia
subtype: #turtle any of various aquatic and land reptiles having a bony shell and flipper-like limbs for swimming
subtype: #sea_turtle__seaturtle__marine_turtle any of various large turtles with limbs modified into flippers; widely distributed in warm seas
subtype: #green_turtle__greenturtle__Chelonia_mydas large tropical turtle with greenish flesh used for turtle soup
subtype: #loggerhead_turtle__loggerhead__Caretta_caretta very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide ranging in warm open seas
subtype: #ridley a marine turtle
subtype: #Atlantic_ridley__bastard_ridley__bastardridley__bastard_turtle__bastardturtle__Lepidochelys_kempii gray sea turtle of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America
subtype: #Pacific_ridley__olive_ridley__oliveridley__Lepidochelys_olivacea olive-colored sea turtle of tropical Pacific and Indian and South Atlantic oceans
subtype: #hawksbill_turtle__hawksbillturtle__hawksbill__hawkbill__tortoiseshell_turtle__tortoiseshellturtle__Eretmochelys_imbricata pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell
subtype: #leatherback_turtle__leatherbackturtle__leatherback__leatheryturtle__Dermochelys_coriacea wide ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle
subtype: #snapping_turtle large aggressive freshwater turtle with powerful jaws
subtype: #common_snapping_turtle__snapper__chelydraserpentina large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite
subtype: #alligator_snapping_turtle__alligator_snapper__alligatorsnapper__Macroclemys_temmincki large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States
subtype: #mud_turtle__mudturtle bottom-dwelling freshwater turtle inhabiting muddy rivers of North and Central America
subtype: #musk_turtle__stinkpot small freshwater turtle having a strong musky odor
subtype: #terrapin any of various edible North American web-footed turtles living in fresh or brackish water
subtype: #diamondback_terrapin__diamondbackterrapin__Malaclemys_centrata of marshes along Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States
subtype: #red-bellied_terrapin__redbelliedterrapin__red-bellied_turtle__redbelliedturtle__redbelly__Pseudemys_rubriventris freshwater turtle of Chesapeake bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell
subtype: #yellow-bellied_terrapin__slider__Pseudemys_scripta freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets
subtype: #river_cooter__rivercooter__cooter__Pseudemys_concinna large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico
subtype: #box_turtle__boxturtle__box_tortoise__boxtortoise chiefly terrestrial turtle of North America; shell can be closed tightly
subtype: #Western_box_turtle__Terrapene_ornata primarily a prairie turtle of western United States and northern Mexico
subtype: #painted_turtle__paintedturtle__painted_terrapin__paintedterrapin__painted_tortoise__paintedtortoise__chrysemyspicta freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States
subtype: #tortoise usually herbivorous land turtles having clawed elephant-like limbs; worldwide in arid area except Australia and Antarctica
subtype: #European_tortoise__Testudo_graeca small land tortoise of southern Europe
subtype: #giant_tortoise__gianttortoise very large tortoises of the Galapagos and Seychelles islands
subtype: #gopher_tortoise__gopher_turtle__gopher__Gopherus_polypemus burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America
subtype: #desert_tortoise__Gopherus_agassizii burrowing tortoise of the arid western United States and northern Mexico; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates
subtype: #Texas_tortoise close relative to the desert tortoise; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates
subtype: #soft-shelled_turtle__pancake_turtle__pancaketurtle voracious aquatic turtle with a flat flexible shell covered by a leathery skin; can inflict painful bites
subtype: #spiny_softshell__spinysoftshell__Trionyx_spiniferus river turtle of western United States with a warty shell; prefers quiet water
subtype: #smooth_softshell__Trionyx_muticus river turtle of Mississippi basin; prefers running water
subtype: #diapsid_reptile__diapsid reptile having a pair of openings in the skull behind each eye
subtype: #tuatara__Sphenodon_punctatum only extant member of the order Rhynchocephalia of large spiny lizard-like diapsid reptiles of coastal islands off New Zealand
subtype: #saurian any of various reptiles of the suborder Sauria which includes lizards; in former classifications included also the crocodiles and dinosaurs
subtype: #lizard relatively long-bodied reptile with usually two pairs of legs and a tapering tail
subtype: #gecko any of various small chiefly tropical and usually nocturnal insectivorous terrestrial lizards typically with immovable eyelids; completely harmless
subtype: #flying_gecko__fringed_gecko__fringedgecko__Ptychozoon_homalocephalum having membranous expansions along sides of body and limbs and tail
subtype: #banded_gecko any of several geckos with dard bands across the body and differing from typical geckos in having movable eyelids; of United States southwest and gulf coast to Florida
subtype: #iguanid_lizard__iguanidlizard__iguanid lizards of the New World and Madagascar and some Pacific islands; typically having a long tail and bright throat patch in males
subtype: #common_iguana__iguana__Iguana_iguana large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central and South America
subtype: #marine_iguana__Amblyrhynchus_cristatus shore-dwelling seaweed-eating lizard of the Galapagos Islands
subtype: #desert_iguana__Dipsosaurus_dorsalis small long-tailed lizard of arid areas of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico
subtype: #chuckwalla__Sauromalus_obesus rock-dwelling herbivorous lizard of arid parts of southwestern United States and Mexico
subtype: #zebra-tailed_lizard__gridiron-tailed_lizard__Callisaurus_draconoides swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico
subtype: #fringe-toed_lizard__Uma_notata with long pointed scales around toes; of deserts of United States and Mexico
subtype: #earless_lizard__earlesslizard any of several slender lizards without external ear openings: of plains of western United States and Mexico
subtype: #collared_lizard any of several robust long-tailed lizards with collars of two dark bands; of central and western United States and northern Mexico
subtype: #leopard_lizard__leopardlizard any of several large lizards with many dark spots; of western United States and northern Mexico
subtype: #spiny_lizard__spinylizard any of numerous lizards with overlapping ridged pointed scales; of North and Central America
subtype: #fence_lizard__fencelizard spiny lizard often seen basking on fences in the United States and northern Mexico
subtype: #western_fence_lizard__westernfencelizard__swift__blue-belly__Sceloporus_occidentalis common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks
subtype: #eastern_fence_lizard__easternfencelizard__pine_lizard__Sceloporus_undulatus small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia
subtype: #sagebrush_lizard__sagebrushlizard__Sceloporus_graciosus a ground dweller that prefers open ground and scattered low bushes; of United States west between Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountains
subtype: #side-blotched_lizard__sand_lizard__Uta_stansburiana one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States
subtype: #tree_lizard__Urosaurus_ornatus a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico
subtype: #horned_lizard__horned_toad__horny_frog__hornyfrog insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America
subtype: #Texas_horned_lizard__Phrynosoma_cornutum of arid and semiarid open country
subtype: #basilisk small crested arboreal lizard able to run on its hind legs; of tropical America
subtype: #American_chameleon__anole__Anolis_carolinensis small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color
subtype: #worm_lizard a lizard of the genus Amphisbaena; harmless wormlike limbless lizard of warm or tropical regions having concealed eyes and ears and a short blunt tail
subtype: #night_lizard__nightlizard small secretive nocturnal lizard of southwestern North America and Cuba; bear live young
subtype: #skink__scincid__scincidlizard alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide
subtype: #western_skink__westernskink__Eumeces_skiltonianus found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands
subtype: #mountain_skink__Eumeces_callicephalus frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico
subtype: #teiid_lizard__teiidlizard__teiid tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail
subtype: #whiptail_lizard__whiptail any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards
subtype: #six-lined_racerunner__sixlinedracerunner__racerunner__race_runner__Cnemidophorus_sexlineatus very swift lizard of eastern and central United States
subtype: #plateau_striped_whiptail__plateaustripedwhiptail__Cnemidophorus_velox having distinct longitudinal stripes: of Colorado Plateau from Arizona to western Colorado
subtype: #Chihuahuan_spotted_whiptail__Cnemidophorus_exsanguis having longitudinal stripes overlaid with light spots; upland lizard of United States southwest and Mexico
subtype: #western_whiptail__westernwhiptail__Cnemidophorus_tigris active lizard having a network of dusky dark markings; of semiarid areas from Oregon and Idaho to Baja California
subtype: #checkered_whiptail__checkeredwhiptail__Cnemidophorus_tesselatus markings are darker and more marked than in western whiptail; from southeastern Colorado to eastern Chihuahua
subtype: #teju large (to 3 feet) blackish yellow-banded South American lizard; raid henhouses; used as food
subtype: #caiman_lizard crocodile-like lizard of South America having powerful jaws for crushing snails and mussels
subtype: #agamid_lizard__agamid a lizard of the family Agamidae
subtype: #agama small terrestrial lizard of warm regions of the Old World
subtype: #frilled_lizard__frilledlizard__Chlamydosaurus_kingi large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck
subtype: #flying_dragon__dragon__flying_lizard any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body
subtype: #moloch any lizard of the genus Moloch
subtype: #mountain_devil__spiny_lizard__spinylizard__molochhorridu desert lizard that feeds on ants
subtype: #anguid_lizard any of a small family of lizards widely distributed in warm areas; all are harmless and useful as destroyers of e.g. slugs and insects
subtype: #alligator_lizard__alligatorlizard slim short-limbed lizard having a distinctive fold on each side that permits expansion; of western North America
subtype: #blindworm__slowworm__Anguis_fragilis small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind
subtype: #glass_lizard__glasslizard__glass_snake__glasssnake__joint_snake__jointsnake snakelike lizard of Europe Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail
subtype: #legless_lizard__leglesslizard degenerate wormlike burrowing lizard of California closely related to alligator lizards
subtype: #Lanthanotus_borneensis a stout-bodied pleurodont lizard of Borneo
subtype: #venomous_lizard any of two or three large heavy-bodied lizards; only known venomous lizards
subtype: #Gila_monster__Heloderma_suspectum large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested
subtype: #Mexican_beaded_lizard__beaded_lizard__Heloderma_horridum lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico
subtype: #lacertid_lizard__lacertid Old World terrestrial lizard
subtype: #sand_lizard__Lacerta_agilis a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia
subtype: #green_lizard__greenlizard__lacertaviridi a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long
subtype: #chameleon__chamaeleon lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue
subtype: #African_chameleon__Chamaeleo_chamaeleon a chameleon found in Africa
subtype: #horned_chameleon__Chamaeleo_oweni a kind of chameleon
subtype: #monitor_lizard__monitorlizard__monitor__varan any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles
subtype: #African_monitor__Varanus_niloticus destroys crocodile eggs
subtype: #Komodo_dragon__Komodo_lizard__dragon_lizard__giant_lizard__giantlizard__Varanus_komodoensis the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands
subtype: #archosaur__archosaurian__archosaurian_reptile extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
subtype: #dinosaur any of numerous extinct terrestrial reptiles of the Mesozoic era
subtype: #ornithischian_dinosaur__ornithischiandinosaur__ornithischian herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird
subtype: #pisanosaur__pisanosaurus primitive dinosaur found in Argentina
subtype: #staurikosaur__staurikosaurus primitive dinosaur found in Brazil
subtype: #armored_dinosaur__armoreddinosaur dinosaurs having bony armour
subtype: #stegosaur__stegosaurus__stegosauru__Stegosaur_stenops herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon
subtype: #ankylosaur__ankylosaurus having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's
subtype: #Edmontonia heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture
subtype: #bone-headed_dinosaur bipedal herbivorous dinosaurs with bony crowns
subtype: #pachycephalosaur__pachycephalosaurus bipedal herbivore having 10 inches of bone atop its head; largest bone-headed dinosaur ever found
subtype: #ceratopsian__horned_dinosaur any of several four-footed herbivorous horned dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia
subtype: #protoceratops__protoceratop small horned dinosaur
subtype: #triceratops__triceratop huge ceratopsian dinosaur having three horns and the neck heavily armored with a very solid frill
subtype: #styracosaur__styracosaurus__styracosauru an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous
subtype: #psittacosaur__psittacosaurus primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind and short front limbs; may have been bipedal
subtype: #ornithopod_dinosaur__ornithopod bipedal herbivorous dinosaur
subtype: #hadrosaur__hadrosaurus__hadrosauru__duck-billed_dinosaur any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic
subtype: #anatotitan one of the largest and most famous duck-billed dinosaurs
subtype: #corythosaur__corythosaurus__corythosauru duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet
subtype: #edmontosaurus__edmontosauru duck-billed dinosaur from Canada found as a fossilized mummy with skin
subtype: #trachodon__trachodont large duck-billed dinosaur of the Upper Cretaceous
subtype: #iguanodon massive herbivorous bipedal dinosaur with a long heavy tail; common in Europe and North Africa; early Cretaceous
subtype: #saurischian_dinosaur__saurischiandinosaur__saurischian herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile
subtype: #sauropod_dinosaur__sauropod very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal
subtype: #apatosaur__apatosaurus__brontosaur__brontosaurus__thunder_lizard__thunderlizard__Apatosaurus_excelsus huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in N. America in the late Jurassic
subtype: #barosaur__barosaurus 5-story-tall dinosaur
subtype: #theropod_dinosaur__theropod__bird-footed_dinosaur any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs
subtype: #ceratosaur__ceratosaurus primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America
subtype: #coelophysis__coelophysi one of the oldest known dinosaurs; late Triassic; cannibalistic
subtype: #carnosaur large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having huge claws
subtype: #tyrannosaur__tyrannosauru__Tyrannosaurus_rex large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; Upper Cretaceous; North America
subtype: #allosaur__allosaurus late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus
subtype: #compsognathus__compsognathu very small bipedal carnivorous dinosaur of the late Jurassic in Bavaria
subtype: #herrerasaur__herrerasaurus__herrerasauru a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina
subtype: #eoraptor a theropod dinosaur of the genus Eoraptor
subtype: #megalosaur__megalosaurus gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe
subtype: #ornithomimid lightly built medium-sized dinosaur having extremely long limbs and necks with small heads and big brains and large eyes
subtype: #struthiomimus__struthiomimu small light-boned toothless dinosaur resembling an ostrich in size and proportions
subtype: #deinocheirus lightly built medium-sized theropod with long limbs and neck
subtype: #maniraptor advanced carnivorous theropod
subtype: #oviraptorid advanced carnivorous theropod
subtype: #velociraptor small active carnivore that probably fed on protoceratops; possibly related more closely to birds than to other dinosaurs
subtype: #dromaeosaur a kind of maniraptor
subtype: #deinonychus__deinonychu swift agile wolf-sized bipedal dinosaur having a large curved claw on each hind foot; of the Cretaceous
subtype: #utahraptor__superslasher large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright 15-in slashing claw on each hind foot; early Cretaceous
subtype: #Mononychus_olecranus 75-million-year-old turkey-sized long-legged fossil found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia having birdlike fused wrist bones and keeled breastbone and a long tail resembling a dinosaur's; short 3-inch-long forelimbs end in a single claw instead of wings; classification as bird or dinosaur is in dispute
subtype: #diplodocus huge quadrupedal herbivore with long neck and tail; of late Jurassic in western N. America
subtype: #titanosaur__titanosaurian amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere
subtype: #genus_Argentinosaurus enormous dinosaur of the middle Cretaceous found in Argentina
subtype: #argentinosaur huge herbivorous dinosaur of Cretaceous found in Argentina
subtype: #ground-shaker__seismosaur huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America
subtype: #pterosaur__flying_reptile extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a birdlike beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb
subtype: #pterodactyl extinct flying reptile
subtype: #thecodont_reptile__thecodontreptile__thecodont presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds
subtype: #ichthyosaur any of several marine reptiles of the Mesozoic having a body like a porpoise with dorsal and tail fins and paddle-shaped limbs
subtype: #ichthyosaurus__ichthyosauru ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic
subtype: #stenopterygius__Stenopterygius_quadrisicissus an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius
subtype: #plesiosaur__plesiosaurus extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
subtype: #nothosaur extinct marine reptile with longer more slender limbs than plesiosaurs and less completely modified for swimming
subtype: #crocodilian_reptile__crocodilianreptile__crocodilian extant archosaurian reptile
subtype: #crocodile large voracious aquatic reptile having a long snout with massive jaws and a body covered with bony plates; of sluggish tropical waters
subtype: #African_crocodile__Nile_crocodile__Crocodylus_niloticus a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa
subtype: #Asian_crocodile__Crocodylus_porosus estuarine crocodile of eastern Asia and Pacific islands
subtype: #Morlett's_crocodile__morlett'scrocodile a variety of crocodile
subtype: #false_gavial__falsegavial__tomistomaschlegeli crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial
subtype: #alligator either of two amphibious reptiles with shorter broader snouts than crocodiles
subtype: #American_alligator__Alligator_mississipiensis large alligator of southeastern United States
subtype: #Chinese_alligator__Alligator_sinensis small of the Yangtze valley of China having unwebbed digits
subtype: #cayman__caiman alligator-like reptile of Central and South America having a more heavily armored belly
subtype: #spectacled_caiman__Caiman_sclerops caiman with bony ridges about the eyes; found from southern Mexico to Argentina
subtype: #gavial__Gavialis_gangeticus large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout
subtype: #ophidian__snake__serpent limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous
subtype: #colubrid_snake__colubrid mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes
subtype: #hoop_snake any of various harmless North American snakes that were formerly believed to take tail in mouth and roll along like a hoop
subtype: #thunder_snake__thundersnake__worm_snake__Carphophis_amoenus small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States
subtype: #ringneck_snake__ring-necked_snake__ring_snake any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck
subtype: #hognose_snake__hognosesnake__puff_adder__sand_viper harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed
subtype: #leaf-nosed_snake any of various pale blotched snakes with a blunt snout of southwestern North America
subtype: #grass_snake__grasssnake__green_snake__greensnake either of two N. American chiefly insectivorous green snakes
subtype: #smooth_green_snake__Opheodrys_vernalis of western and central United States
subtype: #rough_green_snake__roughgreensnake__Opheodrys_aestivus of southern and eastern United States
subtype: #green_snake__greensnake any of numerous African green snakes
subtype: #racer slender fast-moving North American snakes
subtype: #blacksnake__black_racer__Coluber_constrictor blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet
subtype: #blue_racer__Coluber_constrictor_flaviventris bluish-green blacksnake found from Ohio to Texas
subtype: #horseshoe_whipsnake__Coluber_hippocrepis slender fast-moving Eurasian snake
subtype: #whipsnake__whip_snake any of several fast-moving North American snakes with long whiplike tails
subtype: #coachwhip_snake__coachwhipsnake__coachwhip__Masticophis_flagellum a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip
subtype: #California_whipsnake__striped_racer__stripedracer__Masticophis_lateralis a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides
subtype: #Sonoran_whipsnake__Masticophis_bilineatus both terrestrial and arboreal snake of United States southwest
subtype: #rat_snake__ratsnake any of various nonvenomous rodent-eating snakes of North America and Asia
subtype: #corn_snake__red_rat_snake__redratsnake__Elaphe_guttata large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms
subtype: #black_rat_snake__blackratsnake__blacksnake__pilot_blacksnake__pilotblacksnake__mountain_blacksnake__Elaphe_obsoleta large harmless shiny black North American snake
subtype: #chicken_snake__chickensnake large North American snake
subtype: #Indian_rat_snake__Ptyas_mucosus enter buildings in pursuit of prey
subtype: #glossy_snake__Arizona_elegans nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales
subtype: #bull_snake any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes
subtype: #gopher_snake__Pituophis_melanoleucus bull snake of western North America that invades rodent burrows
subtype: #pine_snake any of several bull snakes of eastern and southeastern United States found chiefly in pine woods; now threatened
subtype: #king_snake any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals
subtype: #common_kingsnake__Lampropeltis_getulus widespread in United States except northern regions; black or brown with yellow bands
subtype: #milk_snake__house_snake__housesnake__milk_adder__checkered_adder__checkeredadder__Lampropeltis_triangulum nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes
subtype: #garter_snake__grass_snake__grasssnake any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North and Central American snakes
subtype: #common_garter_snake__Thamnophis_sirtalis widespread in North America
subtype: #ribbon_snake__Thamnophis_sauritus slender yellow-striped North American garter snake; prefers wet places
subtype: #Western_ribbon_snake__Thamnophis_proximus yellow- or reddish-striped snake of temperate woodlands and grasslands to tropics
subtype: #lined_snake__Tropidoclonion_lineatum secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States
subtype: #ground_snake__Sonora_semiannulata small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America
subtype: #eastern_ground_snake__Potamophis_striatula__Haldea_striatula in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-gray snake of eastern North America
subtype: #water_snake__watersnake any of various mostly harmless snakes that live in or near water
subtype: #common_water_snake__banded_water_snake__Natrix_sipedon__Nerodia_sipedon in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water
subtype: #water_moccasin__watermoccasin any of numerous North American water snakes inhabiting fresh waters
subtype: #ring_snake__grass_snake__grasssnake__ringed_snake__Natrix_natrix harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England
subtype: #viperine_grass_snake__Natrix_maura a small harmless grass snake
subtype: #red-bellied_snake__redbelliedsnake__Storeria_occipitamaculata harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States
subtype: #sand_snake small North American burrowing snake
subtype: #banded_sand_snake__Chilomeniscus_cinctus a sand snake of southwestern United States; lives in fine to coarse sand or loamy soil in which it `swims'; banding resembles that of coral snakes
subtype: #black-headed_snake small secretive ground-dwelling snake; found from central United States to Argentina
subtype: #vine_snake slender arboreal snake found from southern Arizona to Bolivia
subtype: #lyre_snake mildly venomous snake with a lyre-shaped mark on the head; found in rocky areas from southwestern United States to Central America
subtype: #Sonoran_lyre_snake__Trimorphodon_lambda of desert regions of southwestern North America
subtype: #night_snake__Hypsiglena_torquata nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico
subtype: #indigo_snake__gopher_snake__Drymarchon_corais large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico
subtype: #eastern_indigo_snake__Drymarchon_corais_couperi a variety of indigo snake
subtype: #blind_snake__blindsnake__worm_snake wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes
subtype: #western_blind_snake__westernblindsnake__Leptotyphlops_humilis burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States
subtype: #constrictor any of various large nonvenomous snakes that kill their prey by crushing it in its coils
subtype: #boa any of several chiefly tropical constrictors with vestigial hind limbs
subtype: #boa_constrictor__boaconstrictor__Constrictor_constrictor very large boa of tropical America and West Indies
subtype: #rubber_boa__tow-headed_snake__Charina_bottae boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape
subtype: #rosy_boa__Lichanura_trivirgata boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States
subtype: #anaconda__Eunectes_murinus large arboreal boa of tropical South America
subtype: #python large Old World boas
subtype: #carpet_snake__Python_variegatus__Morelia_spilotes_variegatus Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back
subtype: #reticulated_python__reticulatedpython__Python_reticulatus of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world
subtype: #Indian_python__Python_molurus very large python of southeast Asia
subtype: #rock_python__rock_snake__Python_sebae very large python of tropical and southern Africa
subtype: #amethystine_python__amethystinepython with an amethyst color
subtype: #elapid_snake__elapid any of numerous venomous fanged snakes of warmer parts of both hemispheres
subtype: #New_World_coral_snake__coral_snake__coralsnake__harlequin-snake__harlequinsnake any of several venomous New World snakes brilliantly banded in red and black and either yellow or white; widely distributed in South and Central America
subtype: #eastern_coral_snake__easterncoralsnake__Micrurus_fulvius ranges from Central America to southeastern United States
subtype: #western_coral_snake__westerncoralsnake__Micruroides_euryxanthus ranges from Central America to southwestern United States
subtype: #Old_World_coral_snake__coral_snake__coralsnake any of various venomous elapid snakes of Asia and Africa and Australia
subtype: #Asian_coral_snake of India
subtype: #African_coral_snake__Aspidelaps_lubricus small widely distributed arboreal snake of southern Africa banded in black and orange
subtype: #Australian_coral_snake__Rhynchoelaps_australis small venomous but harmless snake marked with black-and-white on red
subtype: #Denisonia_superba__copperhead venomous but sluggish reddish-brown snake of Australia
subtype: #cobra venomous Asiatic and African elapid snakes that can expand the skin of the neck into a hood
subtype: #Indian_cobra__Naja_naja of tropical Africa and Asia
subtype: #asp__Egyptian_cobra__Naja_haje cobra used by the Pharaohs as a symbol of their power over life and death
subtype: #black-necked_cobra__spitting_cobra__Naja_nigricollis aggressive cobra widely distributed in Africa; rarely bites but spits venom that may cause blindness
subtype: #king_cobra__hamadryad__Ophiophagus_hannan__Naja_hannah large cobra of southeastern Asia and the East Indies; the largest venomous snake; sometimes placed in genus Naja
subtype: #ringhals__rinkhals__spitting_snake__Hemachatus_haemachatus highly venomous snake of southern Africa able to spit venom up to seven feet
subtype: #mamba arboreal snake of central and southern Africa whose bite is often fatal
subtype: #black_mamba__blackmamba__Dendroaspis_augusticeps southern African mamba dreaded because of its quickness and readiness to bite
subtype: #green_mamba__greenmamba green phase of the black mamba
subtype: #death_adder__Acanthophis_antarcticus venomous Australian snake resembling an adder
subtype: #tiger_snake__Notechis_scutatus highly venomous brown-and-yellow snake of Australia and Tasmania
subtype: #Australian_blacksnake__Pseudechis_porphyriacus large semiaquatic snake of Australia; black above with red belly
subtype: #krait brightly colored venomous but nonaggressive snake of southeastern Asia and Malay peninsula
subtype: #banded_krait__banded_adder__Bungarus_fasciatus sluggish krait banded with black and yellow
subtype: #taipan__Oxyuranus_scutellatus large highly venomous snake of northeastern Australia
subtype: #sea_snake__seasnake any of numerous venomous aquatic viviparous snakes having a fin-like tail; of warm littoral seas; feed on fish which they immobilize with quick-acting venom
subtype: #viper venomous Old World snakes characterized by hollow venom-conducting fangs in the upper jaw
subtype: #common_viper__adder__Vipera_berus small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia
subtype: #asp_viper__aspviper__asp__Vipera_aspis of southern Europe; similar to but smaller than the adder
subtype: #puff_adder__Bitis_arietans large African viper that inflates its body when alarmed
subtype: #gaboon_viper__Bitis_gabonica large heavy-bodied brilliantly marked and extremely venomous west African viper
subtype: #horned_viper__cerastes__sand_viper__horned_asp__Cerastes_cornutus highly venomous viper of North Africa and southwest Asia having a horny spine above each eye
subtype: #pit_viper__pitviper New World vipers with hollow fangs and a heat-sensitive pit on each side of the head
subtype: #copperhead__Agkistrodon_contortrix common coppery brown pit viper of upland eastern United States
subtype: #cottonmouth__water_moccasin__watermoccasin__cottonmouth_moccasin__cottonmouthmoccasin__agkistrodonpiscivoru venomous semiaquatic snake of swamps in southern United States
subtype: #rattlesnake pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken
subtype: #diamondback_rattlesnake__diamondbackrattlesnake__diamondback__crotalusadamanteu large deadly rattlesnake with diamond-shaped markings
subtype: #timber_rattlesnake__banded_rattlesnake__Crotalus_horridus_horridus widely distributed in rugged ground of eastern United States
subtype: #canebrake_rattlesnake__canebrakerattlesnake__canebrake_rattler__canebrakerattler__Crotalus_horridus_atricaudatus southern variety
subtype: #prairie_rattlesnake__prairie_rattler__Western_rattlesnake__Crotalus_viridis widely distributed between the Mississippi and the Rockies
subtype: #horned_rattlesnake__sidewinder__Crotalus_cerastes small pale-colored desert rattlesnake of southwestern United States; body moves in an S-shaped curve
subtype: #Western_diamondback_rattlesnake__Western_diamondback__Crotalus_atrox largest and most dangerous North American snake; of southwestern United States and Mexico
subtype: #rock_rattlesnake__Crotalus_lepidus mountain rock dweller of Mexico and most southern parts of United States southwest
subtype: #tiger_rattlesnake__tigerrattlesnake__Crotalus_tigris having irregularly cross-banded back; of arid foothills and canyons of southern Arizona and Mexico
subtype: #Mojave_rattlesnake__Crotalus_scutulatus extremely dangerous; most common in areas of scattered scrubby growth; from Mojave Desert to w. Texas and into Mexico
subtype: #speckled_rattlesnake__Crotalus_mitchellii markings vary but usually harmonize with background; of sw Arizona and Baja California
subtype: #massasauga_rattler__massasauga__Sistrurus_catenatus pygmy rattlesnake found in moist areas from the Great Lakes to Mexico; feeds on mice and small amphibians
subtype: #ground_rattler__massasauga__Sistrurus_miliaris small pygmy rattlesnake
subtype: #fer-de-lance__Bothrops_atrops large extremely venomous pit viper of Central and South America
subtype: #subclass_Diapsida__Diapsida used in former classifications to include all living reptiles except turtles; superseded by the two subclasses Lepidosauria and Archosauria
subtype: #synapsid_reptile__synapsid extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull
subtype: #therapsid__protomammal probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals
subtype: #Chronoperates_paradoxus shrew-sized protomammal from the Alberta Canada region; of about 55 million years ago (much more recent than other mammal-like reptiles)
subtype: #cynodont small carnivorous reptiles
subtype: #dicynodont a kind of therapsid
subtype: #ictodosaur intermediate in form between the therapsids and most primitive true mammals
subtype: #pelycosaur large primitive reptile having a tall spinal sail; of the Permian or late Paleozoic in Europe and North America
subtype: #edaphosaurus heavy-bodied reptile with a dorsal sail or crest; of the late Paleozoic
subtype: #dimetrodon carnivorous dinosaur of the Permian in North America having a crest or dorsal sail
subtype: #mammal any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk
subtype: #female_mammal animals that nourish their young with milk
subtype: #tusker any mammal with prominent tusks (especially an elephant or wild boar)
subtype: #prototherian primitive oviparous mammals found only in Australia Tasmania and New Guinea
subtype: #monotreme__egglayingmammal the most primitive mammals comprising the only extant members of the subclass Prototheria
subtype: #echidna__spiny_anteater__spinyanteater__anteater burrowing spine-covered monotreme of Australia having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites
subtype: #spiny_anteater__spinyanteater__echidna__anteater New Guinea echidnas
subtype: #duck-billed_platypus__platypus__duckbill__duckbilled_platypus__Ornithorhynchus_anatinus small densely furred aquatic monotreme of Australia and Tasmania having a broad bill and tail and webbed feet; only species in the family Ornithorhynchidae
subtype: #metatherian primitive pouched mammals found mainly in Australia and the Americas
subtype: #marsupial__pouched_mammal__pouchedmammal mammals of which the females have a pouch (the marsupium) containing the teats where the young are fed and carried
subtype: #opossum__possum nocturnal arboreal marsupial having a naked prehensile tail found from southern North America to northern South America
subtype: #common_opossum__Didelphis_virginiana__Didelphis_marsupialis omnivorous opossum of the eastern United States; noted for feigning death when in danger; esteemed as food in some areas; considered same species as the crab-eating opossum of South America
subtype: #crab-eating_opossum South American opossum
subtype: #opossum_rat__opossumrat terrestrial marsupials of southern South America that resemble shrews
subtype: #bandicoot any of various agile rat-like terrestrial marsupials of Australia and adjacent islands; insectivorous and herbivorous
subtype: #rabbit-eared_bandicoot__rabbit_bandicoot__bilby__Macrotis_lagotis bandicoot with leathery ears like a rabbit
subtype: #kangaroo any of several herbivorous leaping marsupials of Australia and New Guinea having large powerful hind legs and a long thick tail
subtype: #giant_kangaroo__giantkangaroo__great_gray_kangaroo__Macropus_giganteus very large grayish-brown Australian kangaroo formerly abundant in open wooded areas
subtype: #wallaby__brush_kangaroo__brushkangaroo any of various small or medium-sized kangaroos often brightly colored
subtype: #common_wallaby__Macropus_agiles height 30 inches
subtype: #hare_wallaby__kangaroo_hare small Australian wallaby that resembles a hare and has persistent teeth
subtype: #nail-tailed_wallaby__nail-tailed_kangaroo small wallabies with a horny nail on the tip of the tail
subtype: #rock_wallaby__rock_kangaroo slender long-legged Australian wallabies living in caves and rocky areas
subtype: #pademelon__paddymelon small reddish-brown wallabies of scrubby areas of Australia and New Guinea
subtype: #tree_wallaby__tree_kangaroo arboreal wallabies of New Guinea and northern Australia having hind and forelegs of similar length
subtype: #musk_kangaroo__Hypsiprymnodon_moschatus small kangaroo of northeastern Australia
subtype: #rat_kangaroo__ratkangaroo__kangaroo_rat any of several rabbit-sized rat-like Australian kangaroos
subtype: #potoroo Australian rat kangaroos
subtype: #bettong short-nosed rat kangaroo
subtype: #jerboa_kangaroo__kangaroo_jerboa brush-tailed rat kangaroo
subtype: #phalanger__opossum__possum small furry Australian arboreal marsupials having long usually prehensile tails
subtype: #cuscus woolly-haired monkey-like arboreal marsupial of New Guinea and North Australia
subtype: #brush-tailed_phalanger__Trichosurus_vulpecula bushy-tailed phalanger
subtype: #flying_phalanger__flying_opossum__flying_squirrel nocturnal phalangers that move with gliding leaps using parachute-like folds of skin along the sides of the body
subtype: #flying_mouse tiny flying phalanger
subtype: #koala_bear__koalabear__koala__kangaroo_bear__native_bear__Phascolarctos_cinereus sluggish tailless Australian arboreal marsupial with gray furry ears and coat; feeds on eucalyptus leaves and bark
subtype: #wombat burrowing herbivorous Australian marsupials about the size of a badger
subtype: #dasyurid_marsupial__dasyurid small carnivorous nocturnal marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
subtype: #dasyure any of several more or less arboreal marsupials somewhat resembling martens
subtype: #eastern_dasyure__Dasyurus_quoll a variety of dasyure
subtype: #native_cat__Dasyurus_viverrinus carnivorous arboreal catlike marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
subtype: #thylacine__Tasmanian_wolf__Tasmanian_tiger__Thylacinus_cynocephalus rare doglike carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania having stripes on its back; probably extinct
subtype: #Tasmanian_devil__ursine_dasyure__Sarcophilus_hariisi small ferocious carnivorous marsupial having a mostly black coat and long tail
subtype: #pouched_mouse__pouchedmouse__marsupial_mouse__marsupialmouse__marsupial_rat__marsupialrat any of numerous small sharp-nosed insectivorous marsupials superficially resembling mice or rats
subtype: #numbat__banded_anteater__anteater__Myrmecobius_fasciatus small Australian marsupial having long snout and strong claws for feeding on termites; nearly extinct
subtype: #pouched_mole__pouchedmole__marsupialmole__Notoryctus_typhlops small burrowing Australian marsupial that resembles a mole
subtype: #placental_mammal__placentalmammal__placental__eutherian__eutherian_mammal__eutherianmammal mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
subtype: #livestock__stock__farm_animal not used technically; any animals kept for use or profit
subtype: #bull.placental_mammal mature male of various mammals of which the female is called `cow'; e.g. whales or elephants or especially cattle
subtype: #cow mature female of mammals of which the male is called `bull'
subtype: #yearling an animal in its second year
subtype: #buck mature male of various mammals (especially deer or antelope)
subtype: #stag adult male deer
subtype: #royal_stag__royalstag__royal stag with antlers of 12 or more branches
subtype: #doe mature female of mammals of which the male is called `buck'
subtype: #insectivore small insect-eating mainly nocturnal terrestrial or fossorial mammals
subtype: #mole small velvety-furred burrowing mammal having small eyes and fossorial forefeet
subtype: #starnose_mole__star-nosed_mole__Condylura_cristata amphibious mole of eastern North America having pink fleshy tentacles around the nose
subtype: #brewer's_mole__hair-tailed_mole__Parascalops_breweri mole of eastern North America
subtype: #golden_mole mole of southern Africa having iridescent guard hairs mixed with the underfur
subtype: #shrew_mole__shrewmole slender mole having a long snout and tail
subtype: #Asiatic_shrew_mole__Uropsilus_soricipes shrew mole of eastern Asia
subtype: #American_shrew_mole__Neurotrichus_gibbsii grayish-black shrew mole of the United States and Canada
subtype: #shrewmouse__shrew small mouselike mammal with a long snout; related to moles
subtype: #common_shrew__Sorex_araneus common American shrew
subtype: #masked_shrew__Sorex_cinereus commonest shrew of moist habitats in North America
subtype: #short-tailed_shrew__Blarina_brevicauda North American shrew with tail less than half its body length
subtype: #water_shrew__watershrew any of several small semiaquatic shrews usually living near swift-flowing streams
subtype: #American_water_shrew__Sorex_palustris water shrew of North America
subtype: #European_water_shrew__Neomys_fodiens widely distributed Old World water shrew
subtype: #Mediterranean_water_shrew__Neomys_anomalus a type of water shrew
subtype: #least_shrew__leastshrew__Cryptotis_parva small brown shrew of grassy regions of eastern United States
subtype: #hedgehog__Erinaceus_europaeus__Erinaceus_europeaeus small nocturnal Old World mammal covered with both hair and protective spines
subtype: #tenrec__tendrac small often spiny insectivorous mammal of Madagascar; resembles a hedgehog
subtype: #tailless_tenrec__Tenrec_ecaudatus prolific animal that feeds chiefly on earthworms
subtype: #otter_shrew__ottershrew__potamogale__Potamogale_velox amphibious African insectivorous mammal that resembles an otter
subtype: #aquatic_mammal__aquaticmammal whales and dolphins; manatees and dugongs; walruses; seals
subtype: #cetacean_mammal__cetacean__blower large aquatic carnivorous mammal with fin-like forelimbs no hind limbs, including: whales; dolphins; porpoises; narwhals
subtype: #whale any of the larger cetacean mammals having a streamlined body and breathing through a blowhole on the head
subtype: #baleen_whale__whalebone_whale__whalebonewhale whale with plates of whalebone along the upper jaw for filtering plankton from the water
subtype: #right_whale__rightwhale large arctic whalebone whale; allegedly the `right' whale to hunt because of its valuable whalebone and oil
subtype: #bowhead_whale__bowheadwhale__bowhead__Greenland_whale__Balaena_mysticetus large-mouthed arctic whale
subtype: #rorqual__razorback any of several baleen whales of of the family Balaenopteridae having longitudinal grooves on the throat and a small pointed dorsal fin
subtype: #finback_whale__finbackwhale__finback__finwhale__common_rorqual__Balaenoptera_physalus large flat-headed whalebone whale having deep furrows along the throat; of Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #sei_whale__seiwhale__Balaenoptera_borealis similar to but smaller than the finback whale
subtype: #lesser_rorqual__piked_whale__pikedwhale__minke_whale__minkewhale__Balaenoptera_acutorostrata small finback of coastal waters of Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #blue_whale__sulfur_bottom__Balaenoptera_musculus largest mammal ever known; bluish-gray migratory whalebone whale mostly of southern hemisphere
subtype: #humpback_whale__humpback__Megaptera_novaeangliae large whalebone whale with long flippers noted for arching or humping its back as it dives
subtype: #gray_whale__devilfish__Eschrichtius_gibbosus__Eschrichtius_robustus medium-sized grayish-black whale of the north Pacific
subtype: #toothed_whale__toothedwhale any of several whales having simple conical teeth and feeding on fish etc.
subtype: #sperm_whale__spermwhale__cachalot__black_whale__blackwhale__Physeter_catodon large whale with a large cavity in the head containing spermaceti and oil; also a source of ambergris
subtype: #pygmy_sperm_whale__pygmyspermwhale__Kogia_breviceps small sperm whale of warm waters of both coasts of North America
subtype: #dwarf_sperm_whale__dwarfspermwhale__kogiasimu very small (to 8 feet) sperm whale of central coasts of Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #beaked_whale any of several whales inhabiting all oceans and having beaklike jaws with vestigial teeth in the upper jaw
subtype: #bottle-nosed_whale__bottlenose_whale__bottlenose__Hyperoodon_ampullatus North Atlantic beaked whale with a bulbous forehead
subtype: #dolphin any of various small toothed whales with a beaklike snout; larger than porpoises
subtype: #common_dolphin__Delphinus_delphis black-and-white dolphin that leaps high out of the water; one of the dolphins displayed at the Marinelands of California and Florida
subtype: #bottlenose_dolphin__bottle-nosed_dolphin__bottlenose any of several dolphins with rounded forehead and well-developed beak; chiefly of North Atlantic and Mediterranean
subtype: #Atlantic_bottlenose_dolphin__Tursiops_truncatus the most common dolphin of North Atlantic and Mediterranean; often kept captive and trained to perform
subtype: #Pacific_bottlenose_dolphin__Tursiops_gilli a bottlenose dolphin found in the Pacific Ocean
subtype: #porpoise any of several small gregarious cetacean mammals having a blunt snout and many teeth
subtype: #harbor_porpoise__herring_hog__Phocaena_phocaena the common porpoise of the North Atlantic and Pacific
subtype: #grampus__grampu__Grampus_griseus slaty-gray blunt-nosed dolphin common in northern seas
subtype: #killer_whale__killer__orca__grampus__grampu__sea_wolf__seawolf__Orcinus_orca predatory black-and-white toothed whale with large dorsal fin; common in cold seas
subtype: #pilot_whale__pilotwhale__black_whale__blackwhale__common_blackfish__blackfish__Globicephala_melaena small dark-colored whaled of United States Atlantic coast; the largest male acts as pilot or leader for the school
subtype: #river_dolphin__riverdolphin any of several long-snouted usually freshwater dolphins of South America and southern Asia
subtype: #white_whale__whitewhale__beluga__Delphinapterus_leucas small northern whale that is white when adult
subtype: #narwhal__narwal__narwhale__Monodon_monoceros small arctic whale the male having a long spiral ivory tusk
subtype: #spouter a spouting whale
subtype: #sea_cow__seacow__sirenian_mammal__sirenian any of two families of large herbivorous aquatic mammals with paddle-shaped tails and flipper-like forelimbs and no hind limbs
subtype: #manatee__trichechusmanatu sirenian mammal of tropical coastal waters of America; the flat tail is rounded
subtype: #dugong__Dugong_dugon sirenian tusked mammal found from eastern Africa to Australia; the flat tail is bilobate
subtype: #Steller's_sea_cow__Hydrodamalis_gigas extinct large sirenian mammal formerly found near Asiatic coast of the Bering Sea
subtype: #pinniped_mammal__pinniped__pinnatiped aquatic carnivorous mammal having a streamlined body specialized for swimming with limbs modified as flippers
subtype: #seal.pinniped_mammal any of numerous marine mammals that come on shore to breed; chiefly of cold regions
subtype: #crabeater_seal__crabeaterseal__crab-eating_seal silvery gray Antarctic seal subsisting on crustaceans
subtype: #eared_seal__earedseal pinniped mammal having external ear flaps and hind limbs used for locomotion on land; valued for its soft underfur
subtype: #fur_seal__furseal eared seal of the S hemisphere; the thick soft underfur is the source of sealskin
subtype: #guadalupe_fur_seal__guadalupefurseal__Arctocephalus_philippi of Pacific coast of California and southward
subtype: #fur_seal.eared_seal__furseal fur seal of the north Pacific
subtype: #Alaska_fur_seal__Callorhinus_ursinus of Pacific coast from Alaska southward to California
subtype: #sea_lion__sealion any of several large eared seals of the north Pacific related to fur seals but lacking their valuable coat
subtype: #South_American_sea_lion__Otaria_Byronia of the southern coast of South America
subtype: #California_sea_lion__Zalophus_californianus__Zalophus_californicus often trained as a show animal
subtype: #Australian_sea_lion__Zalophus_lobatus a variety of sea lion found in Australia
subtype: #Steller_sea_lion__Steller's_sea_lion__Eumetopias_jubatus largest sea lion; of the north Pacific
subtype: #earless_seal__earlessseal__true_seal__hair_seal any of several seals lacking external ear flaps and having a stiff hairlike coat with hind limbs reduced to swimming flippers
subtype: #harbor_seal__common_seal__Phoca_vitulina small spotted seal of coastal waters of the northern hemisphere
subtype: #harp_seal__Pagophilus_groenlandicus common arctic seal; the young are all white
subtype: #elephant_seal__sea_elephant__seaelephant either of two large North Atlantic earless seals having snouts like trunks
subtype: #bearded_seal__beardedseal__squareflipper_square_flipper__Erignathus_barbatus medium-sized grayish to yellow seal with bristles each side of muzzle; of Arctic Ocean
subtype: #hooded_seal__bladdernose__Cystophora_cristata medium-sized blackish-gray seal with large inflatable sac on the head; of Arctic and north Atlantic waters
subtype: #walrus__seahorse__sea_horse__seahorse either of two large northern marine mammals having ivory tusks and tough hide over thick blubber
subtype: #Atlantic_walrus__Odobenus_rosmarus of North Atlantic and Arctic waters
subtype: #Pacific_walrus__Odobenus_divergens of the Bering Sea and north Pacific
subtype: #carnivore terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal; terrestrial carnivores have four or five clawed digits on each limb
subtype: #fissiped_mammal__fissiped terrestrial carnivores; having toes separated to the base: dogs; cats; bears; badgers; raccoons
subtype: #canine__canid any of various fissiped mammals with nonretractile claws and typically long muzzles
subtype: #bitch female of any member of the dog family
subtype: #brood_bitch__broodbitch a bitch used for breeding
subtype: #dog__domesticdog__Canis_familiaris a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds; "the dog barked all night"
subtype: #pooch__doggie__doggy__barker__bow-wow__bowwow informal terms for dogs
subtype: #mongrel__cur an inferior dog or one of mixed breed
subtype: #pariah_dog__pye-dog__pyedog__pie-dog__piedog ownerless half-wild mongrel dog common around Asian villages especially India
subtype: #lapdog a dog small and tame enough to be held in the lap
subtype: #toy_dog__toy any of several breeds of very small dogs kept purely as pets
subtype: #Chihuahua old breed of tiny short-coated dog with protruding eyes from Mexico held to antedate Aztec civilization
subtype: #Japanese_spaniel breed of toy dogs originating in Japan having a silky black-and-white or red-and-white coat
subtype: #Maltese_dog__Maltese breed of toy dogs having a long straight silky white coat
subtype: #Pekinese__Pekingese__Peke a Chinese breed of small short-legged dogs with a long silky coat and broad flat muzzle
subtype: #Shih-Tzu a Chinese breed of small dog similar to a Pekingese
subtype: #toy_spaniel__toyspaniel a very small spaniel
subtype: #English_toy_spaniel British breed having a long silky coat and rounded head with a short upturned muzzle
subtype: #Blenheim_spaniel red-and-white variety of English toy spaniel
subtype: #King_Charles_spaniel a toy English spaniel with a black-and-tan coat; named after Charles II who popularized it
subtype: #papillon small slender toy spaniel with erect ears and a black-spotted brown to white coat
subtype: #toy_terrier__toyterrier a small active dog
subtype: #hunting_dog__huntingdog a dog used in hunting game
subtype: #Rhodesian_ridgeback a powerful short-haired African hunting dog having a crest of reversed hair along the spine
subtype: #hound_dog__hounddog__hound any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears
subtype: #Afghan_hound tall graceful breed of hound with a long silky coat; native to the Near East
subtype: #basset_hound__basset smooth-haired breed of hound with short legs and long ears
subtype: #beagle a small short-legged smooth-coated breed of hound
subtype: #bloodhound__sleuthhound a breed of large powerful hound of European origin having very acute smell and used in tracking
subtype: #bluetick a very fast American hound; white mottled with bluish gray
subtype: #boarhound large hound used in hunting wild boars
subtype: #coonhound any of several breeds of hound developed for hunting raccoons
subtype: #coondog any dog trained to hunt raccoons
subtype: #black-and-tan_coonhound__blackandtancoonhound American breed of large powerful hound dogs used for hunting raccoons and other game
subtype: #foxhound medium-sized glossy-coated hounds developed for hunting foxes
subtype: #American_foxhound an American breed of foxhounds used for hunting both in packs and individually
subtype: #Walker_hound__Walker_foxhound__walkerfoxhound an American breed of foxhound
subtype: #English_foxhound an English breed slightly larger than the American foxhounds originally used to hunt in packs
subtype: #harrier.hound_dog a hound that resembles a foxhound but is smaller; used to hunt rabbits
subtype: #Plott_hound a brindle-coated American hound used in hunting bears and wild boars
subtype: #redbone a speedy red or red-and-tan American hound
subtype: #wolfhound the largest breed of dogs; formerly used to hunt wolves
subtype: #borzoi__Russian_wolfhound tall fast-moving dog breed
subtype: #Irish_wolfhound large breed of hound with a rough thick coat
subtype: #greyhound a tall slender dog of an ancient breed noted for swiftness and keen sight; used as a racing dog
subtype: #Italian_greyhound a toy dog developed from the greyhound
subtype: #whippet small slender dog of greyhound type developed in England
subtype: #Ibizan_hound__Ibizan_Podenco breed of slender agile medium-sized hound found chiefly in the Balearic Islands; said to have been bred originally by the pharaohs of ancient Egypt
subtype: #Norwegian_elkhound__elkhound breed of compact medium-sized dog with a heavy gray coat developed in Norway for hunting elk
subtype: #otterhound__otter_hound__otterhound hardy British hound having long pendulous ears and a thick coarse shaggy coat with an oily undercoat; bred for hunting otters
subtype: #Saluki__gazelle_hound old breed of tall swift keen-eyed hunting dogs resembling greyhounds; from Egypt and southwestern Asia
subtype: #Scottish_deerhound__deerhound very large and tall rough-coated dog bred for hunting deer; known as the royal dog of Scotland
subtype: #staghound a large heavy hound formerly used in hunting stags and other large game; similar to but larger than a foxhound
subtype: #Weimaraner large breed of hound having a smooth grayish coat; originated in Germany
subtype: #dachshund__dachsie__badgerdog small long-bodied short-legged German breed of dog having a short sleek coat and long drooping ears; suited for following game into burrows
subtype: #sausage_dog__sausagedog__sausage_hound__sausagehound informal term
subtype: #terrier any of several usually small short-bodied breeds originally trained to hunt animals living underground
subtype: #bullterrier__bull_terrier short-haired terrier originated in England by crossing the bulldog with terriers
subtype: #Staffordshire_bullterrier English breed of strong stocky dog having a broad skull and smooth coat
subtype: #American_Staffordshire_terrier__Staffordshire_terrier__American_pit_bull_terrier__pit_bull_terrier American breed of muscular terriers with a short close-lying stiff coat
subtype: #Bedlington_terrier a light terrier groomed to resemble a lamb
subtype: #Border_terrier small rough-coated terrier of British origin
subtype: #Kerry_blue_terrier an Irish breed of medium-sized terriers with a silky blue-gray coat
subtype: #Irish_terrier medium-sized breed with a wiry brown coat; developed in Ireland
subtype: #Norfolk_terrier English breed of small terrier with a straight wiry red-and-black-and-tan or grizzled coat and dropped ears
subtype: #Norwich_terrier English breed of small short-legged terrier with a straight wiry red or gray or black-and-tan coat and erect ears
subtype: #Yorkshire_terrier very small breed having a long glossy coat of bluish-gray and tan
subtype: #rat_terrier__ratterrier__ratter any of several breeds of terrier developed to catch rats
subtype: #Manchester_terrier__black-and-tan_terrier__blackandtanterrier breed of short-haired black-and-tan terrier developed in Manchester England
subtype: #toy_Manchester_terrier__toy_Manchester breed of small Manchester terrier
subtype: #fox_terrier__foxterrier small lively black-and-white terriers formerly used to dig out foxes
subtype: #smooth-haired_fox_terrier a fox terrier with smooth hair
subtype: #wire-haired_fox_terrier a fox terrier with wiry hair
subtype: #wirehair__wirehaired_terrier__wire-haired_terrier a terrier with wiry hair
subtype: #Lakeland_terrier breed of wire-haired terrier originally from the English Lake District used for hunting
subtype: #Welsh_terrier wire-haired terrier resembling airedales but smaller; developed in Wales for hunting
subtype: #Sealyham_terrier__Sealyham a Welsh terrier first bred in Sealyham (Wales)
subtype: #Airedale_terrier__Airedale breed of large wiry-coated terrier bred in Yorkshire
subtype: #cairn_terrier__cairnterrier__cairn small rough-haired breed of terrier from Scotland
subtype: #Australian_terrier small grayish wire-haired breed of terrier from Australia similar to the cairn
subtype: #Dandie_Dinmont_terrier__Dandie_Dinmont a breed of small terrier with long wiry coat and drooping ears
subtype: #Boston_bull__Boston_terrier small pug-faced American terrier breed having a smooth brindle or black coat with white markings
subtype: #schnauzer old German breed of sturdy black or grayish wire-haired terriers having a blunt muzzle ranging in size from fairly small to very large; used as ratters and guard dogs or police dogs
subtype: #miniature_schnauzer__miniatureschnauzer a small schnauzer
subtype: #giant_schnauzer__giantschnauzer a large schnauzer
subtype: #standard_schnauzer a medium-sized schnauzer
subtype: #Scotch_terrier__Scottish_terrier__Scottie__scottie old Scottish breed of small long-haired usually black terrier with erect tail and ears
subtype: #Tibetan_terrier__chrysanthemum_dog__chrysanthemumdog breed of medium-sized terriers bred in Tibet resembling Old English sheepdogs with fluffy curled tails
subtype: #silky_terrier__silkyterrier__Sydney_silky Australian breed of toy dogs having a silky blue coat
subtype: #Skye_terrier Scottish breed of terrier with shaggy hair and long low body with short legs
subtype: #Clydesdale_terrier selectively bred small Skye terrier with erect ears and a long silky coat
subtype: #soft-coated_wheaten_terrier Irish breed of medium-sized terrier with an abundant coat any shade of wheat and very hairy head and muzzle
subtype: #West_Highland_white_terrier small white long-coated terrier developed in Scotland
subtype: #Lhasa_apso__Lhasa a breed of terrier having a long heavy coat raised in Tibet as watchdogs
subtype: #sporting_dog__gun_dog__gundog a dog trained to work with sportsmen when they hunt with guns
subtype: #bird_dog a gun dog trained to locate or retrieve birds
subtype: #water_dog__waterdog a dog accustomed to water and usually trained to retrieve waterfowl
subtype: #retriever a dog with heavy water-resistant coat that can be trained to retrieve game
subtype: #flat-coated_retriever an English breed having a shiny black or liver-colored coat; retrieves game from land or water
subtype: #curly-coated_retriever an English breed having a tightly curled black or liver-colored coat; retrieves game from land or water
subtype: #golden_retriever an English breed having a long silky golden coat
subtype: #Labrador_retriever breed originally from Labrador having a short black or golden-brown coat
subtype: #Chesapeake_Bay_retriever American breed having a short thick oily coat ranging from brown to light tan
subtype: #Spanish_pointer__pointer a strong slender smooth-haired dog of Spanish origin having a white coat with brown or black patches; scents out and points game
subtype: #German_short-haired_pointer liver or liver-and-white hunting dog developed in Germany; 3/4 pointer and 1/4 bloodhound
subtype: #vizla__Hungarian_pointer Hungarian hunting dog resembling the Weimaraner but having a rich deep red coat
subtype: #setter a long-haired dog formerly trained to crouch on finding game but now to point
subtype: #English_setter an English breed having a plumed tail and a soft silky coat that is chiefly white
subtype: #Irish_setter__red_setter__redsetter an Irish breed with a chestnut-brown or mahogany-red coat
subtype: #Gordon_setter a Scottish breed with a black-and-tan coat
subtype: #spaniel any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears
subtype: #Brittany_spaniel tall active short-tailed French breed of bird dog having a usually smooth orange- or liver-and-white coat
subtype: #clumber_spaniel__clumberspaniel__clumber a thickset spaniel with longish silky hair
subtype: #field_spaniel__fieldspaniel large usually black hunting and retrieving spaniel with a dense flat or slightly wavy coat; cross between cocker and Sussex spaniel
subtype: #springer_spaniel__springer a large spaniel with wavy silky coat usually black or liver and white
subtype: #English_springer_spaniel__English_springer a breed having typically a black-and-white coat
subtype: #Welsh_springer_spaniel a red-and-white breed slightly smaller than the English springer spaniel
subtype: #English_cocker_spaniel__cocker_spaniel__cocker a small breed with a wavy silky hair originally developed in England
subtype: #Sussex_spaniel an English breed with short legs and a golden liver-colored coat
subtype: #water_spaniel__waterspaniel any dog of two large curly-coated breeds (the Irish and the American) used for hunting waterfowl
subtype: #American_water_spaniel breed of medium-sized spaniels originating in America having chocolate or liver-colored curly coat
subtype: #Irish_water_spaniel breed of large spaniels developed in Ireland having a heavy coat of liver-colored curls and a topknot of long curls and a nearly hairless tail
subtype: #wire-haired_pointing_griffon__griffon breed of medium-sized long-headed dogs with downy undercoat and harsh wiry outer coat; originated in Holland but largely developed in France
subtype: #working_dog__workingdog any of several breeds of usually large powerful dogs bred to work as draft animals and guard and guide dogs
subtype: #watchdog__guard_dog__guarddog a dog trained to guard property
subtype: #kuvasz long-established Hungarian breed of tall light-footed but sturdy white dog; used also as a hunting dog
subtype: #attack_dog a watchdog trained to attack on command
subtype: #housedog a dog trained to guard a house
subtype: #schipperke breed of small stocky black dogs originally used as watchdogs on boats in the Netherlands and Belgium
subtype: #pinscher any of three breeds of dogs whose ears and tail are usually cropped
subtype: #Doberman_pinscher__Doberman medium large breed of dog of German origin with a glossy black and tan coat; used as a watchdog
subtype: #miniature_pinscher__miniaturepinscher small German version of a Doberman pinscher
subtype: #affenpinscher__monkey_pinscher__monkey_dog European breed of small dog resembling a terrier with dark wiry hair and a tufted muzzle
subtype: #shepherd_dog__sheepdog__sheep_dog__sheepdog any of various usually long-haired breeds of dog reared to herd and guard sheep
subtype: #Belgian_sheepdog__Belgian_shepherd hardy working dog developed in Belgium for herding sheep
subtype: #groenendael black-coated sheepdog with a heavily plumed tail
subtype: #malinois fawn-colored short-haired sheepdog
subtype: #briard old French breed of large strong usually black dogs having a long tail and long wavy and slightly stiff coat
subtype: #kelpie an Australian sheepdog with pointed ears
subtype: #komondor Hungarian breed of large powerful shaggy-coated white dog; used also as guard dog
subtype: #Old_English_sheepdog__bobtail large sheepdog with a profuse shaggy blue-gray-and-white coat and short tail; believed to trace back to Roman occupation of Britain
subtype: #Shetland_sheepdog__Shetland_sheep_dog__Shetland small sheepdog developed in the Shetland Islands and resembling a collie
subtype: #collie a silky-coated sheepdog with a long ruff and long narrow head developed in Scotland
subtype: #Border_collie developed in the area between Scotland and England usually having a black coat with white on the head and tip of tail used for herding both sheep and cattle
subtype: #Bouvier_des_Flandres__Bouviers_des_Flandres rough-coated breed used originally in Belgium for herding and guarding cattle
subtype: #Rottweiler German breed of large vigorous short-haired cattle dogs
subtype: #German_shepherd_dog__German_shepherd__German_police_dog__alsatian breed of large shepherd dogs used in police work and as a guide for the blind
subtype: #police_dog any dog trained to assist police especially in tracking
subtype: #Bernese_mountain_dog large powerful long-haired black-coated Swiss dog with deep tan or russet markings on legs and white blaze and feet and chest marking; formerly used for draft
subtype: #boxer a breed of stocky medium-sized short-haired dog with a brindled coat and square-jawed muzzle developed in Germany
subtype: #mastiff an old breed of powerful deep-chested smooth-coated dog used chiefly as a watchdog and guard dog
subtype: #Tibetan_mastiff very large powerful rough-coated dog native to central Asia
subtype: #bull_mastiff large powerful breed developed by crossing the bulldog and the mastiff
subtype: #English_bulldog__bulldog a sturdy thickset short-haired breed with a large head and strong undershot lower jaw; developed originally in England for bull baiting
subtype: #French_bulldog small stocky version of the bulldog having a sleek coat and square head
subtype: #Great_Dane very large powerful smooth-coated breed of dog
subtype: #guide_dog__guidedog__seeing-eye_dog a dog trained to guide the blind
subtype: #hearing_dog__hearingdog dog trained to assist the deaf by signaling the occurrence of certain sounds
subtype: #Saint_Bernard__St_Bernard a Swiss alpine breed of large powerful thick-coated dog used as a rescue dog
subtype: #sled_dog__sledge_dog a dog trained to draw a sled usually in a team
subtype: #Alaskan_malamute__malamute__malemute breed of sled dog developed in Alaska
subtype: #Siberian_husky breed of sled dog developed in northeastern Siberia; they resemble the larger Alaskan malamutes
subtype: #Eskimo_dog__husky breed of heavy-coated Arctic sled dog
subtype: #dalmatian__coach_dog__coachdog__carriage_dog a large breed having a smooth white coat with black or brown spots; originated in Dalmatia
subtype: #liver-spotted_dalmatian__liverspotteddalmatian a brown-spotted dalmatian
subtype: #basenji small smooth-haired breed of African origin having a tightly curled tail and the inability to bark
subtype: #pug-dog__pugdog__pug small compact smooth-coated breed of Asiatic origin having a tightly curled tail and broad flat wrinkled muzzle
subtype: #Leonberg a large dog (usually with a golden coat) produced by crossing a St Bernard and a Newfoundland
subtype: #Newfoundland breed of very large heavy usually black dogs developed in Newfoundland; highly intelligent and vigorous swimmers
subtype: #Great_Pyrenees bred of large heavy-coated white dogs resembling the Newfoundland
subtype: #spitz any of various stocky heavy-coated breeds of dogs native to northern regions having pointed muzzles and erect ears with a curled furry tail
subtype: #Samoyede__Samoyed Siberian breed of white or cream dog of the spitz family
subtype: #Pomeranian breed of very small compact long-haired dogs of the spitz type
subtype: #chow_chow__chow breed of thick-coated medium-sized dogs with fluffy curled tails and distinctive blue-black tongues; believed to have originated in north China
subtype: #keeshond a spitz-type dog having a shaggy grayish coat and tightly curled tail originating in Holland
subtype: #Brussels_griffon__griffon__Belgian_griffon breed of various very small compact wiry-coated dogs of Belgian origin having a short bearded muzzle
subtype: #Brabancon_griffon a variety of Brussels griffon having a short smooth coat
subtype: #Welsh_corgi__corgi either of two Welsh breeds of long-bodied short-legged dogs with erect ears and a fox-like head
subtype: #Pembroke_Welsh_corgi__Pembroke the smaller and straight-legged variety of corgi having pointed ears and a short tail
subtype: #Cardigan_Welsh_corgi__Cardigan slightly bow-legged variety of corgi having rounded ears and a long tail
subtype: #poodle_dog__poodle an intelligent dog with a heavy curly solid-colored coat that is usually clipped; an old breed sometimes trained as sporting dogs or as performing dogs
subtype: #toy_poodle__toypoodle the smallest poodle
subtype: #miniature_poodle__miniaturepoodle a small poodle
subtype: #standard_poodle a medium-sized poodle
subtype: #large_poodle__largepoodle the largest poodle
subtype: #Mexican_hairless any of an old breed of small nearly hairless dogs of Mexico
subtype: vicki#smart_dog__smartdog
instance: vicki#Mindy
subtype: #wolf any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs
subtype: #timber_wolf__gray_wolf__Canis_lupus brindled gray wolf of forested northern regions of North America
subtype: #white_wolf__whitewolf__Arctic_wolf__Canis_lupus_tundrarum wolf of arctic North America having white fur and a black-tipped tail
subtype: #red_wolf__redwolf__manedwolf__Canis_rufus__Canis_niger reddish-gray wolf of southwestern North America
subtype: #coyote__prairie_wolf__prairiewolf__brush_wolf__brushwolf__Canis_latrans small wolf native to western North America
subtype: #coydog offspring of a coyote and a dog
subtype: #jackal__Canis_aureus Old World nocturnal canine mammal closely related to the dog; smaller than a wolf; sometimes hunts in a pack but usually singly or as a member of a pair
subtype: #wild_dog any of various undomesticated mammals of the family Canidae that are thought to resemble domestic dogs as distinguished from jackals or wolves
subtype: #Canis_dingo__dingo__warrigal__warragal wolflike yellowish-brown wild dog of Australia
subtype: #dhole__Cuon_alpinus fierce wild dog of the forests of central and southeast Asia that hunts in packs
subtype: #crab-eating_dog__crab-eating_fox__Dusicyon_cancrivorus wild dog of northern South America
subtype: #raccoon_dog__raccoondog__Nyctereutes_procyonides small wild dog of eastern Asia having facial markings like those of a raccoon
subtype: #African_hunting_dog__hyena_dog__hyenadog__Cape_hunting_dog__Lycaon_pictus a powerful doglike mammal of South and East Africa that hunts in large packs; now rare in settled area
subtype: #hyena__hyaena doglike nocturnal mammal of Africa and southern Asia that feeds chiefly on carrion
subtype: #striped_hyena__stripedhyena__Hyaena_hyaena of northern Africa and Arabia and India
subtype: #brown_hyena__brownhyena__strand_wolf__Hyaena_brunnea of southern Africa
subtype: #spotted_hyena__spottedhyena__laughing_hyena__Crocuta_crocuta African hyena noted for its distinctive howl
subtype: #aardwolf__Proteles_cristata striped hyena of southeast Africa that feeds chiefly on insects
subtype: #fox alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs
subtype: #Reynard a conventional name for a fox used in tales following usage in the old epic "Reynard the Fox"
subtype: #Vulpes_vulpes__red_fox the common Old World fox; having reddish-brown fur; commonly considered a single circumpolar species
subtype: #black_fox__blackfox red fox in the color phase when its pelt is mostly black
subtype: #silver_fox red fox in the color phase when its pelt is tipped with white
subtype: #Vulpes_fulva__red_fox New World fox; often considered the same species las the Old World fox
subtype: #prairie_fox__prairiefox__kit_fox__kitfox__Vulpes_velox small gray fox of the plains of western North America
subtype: #kit_fox__kitfox__Vulpes_macrotis small gray fox of southwestern United States; may be a subspecies of Vulpes velox
subtype: #arctic_fox__white_fox__whitefox__Alopex_lagopus thickly-furred fox of Arctic regions; brownish in summer and white in winter
subtype: #blue_fox a variety of arctic fox having a pale gray winter coat
subtype: #gray_fox__grey_fox__Urocyon_cinereoargenteus dark gray American fox; from Central America through southern United States
subtype: #feline__felid any of various lithe-bodied round-headed fissiped mammals many with retractile claws
subtype: #cat__true_cat feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and being unable to roar; domestic cats; wildcats
subtype: #domestic_cat__cat__house_cat__housecat__Felis_domesticus__Felis_catus any domesticated member of the genus Felis
subtype: #kitty-cat__kittycat__kitty__puss__pussy__pussycat informal terms
subtype: #mouser a cat proficient at mousing
subtype: #alley_cat__alleycat__stray homeless cat
subtype: #tom male cat
subtype: #gib a castrated tomcat
subtype: #tabby__queen female cat
subtype: #tabby_cat__tabbycat__tabby a cat with a gray or tawny coat mottled with black
subtype: #tiger_cat__tigercat a cat having a striped coat
subtype: #tortoiseshell-cat__tortoiseshellcat__tortoiseshell__calico_cat a cat having black and cream and yellowish markings
subtype: #Persian_cat a long-haired breed of cat
subtype: #Angora_cat__Angora a long-haired breed similar to the Persian cat
subtype: #Siamese_cat__Siamese a slender short-haired blue-eyed breed of cat having a pale coat with dark ears paws face and tail tip
subtype: #blue_point_Siamese Siamese cat having a bluish cream body and dark gray points
subtype: #Burmese_cat a short-haired breed with body similar to the Siamese cat but having a solid dark brown or gray coat
subtype: #Egyptian_cat a domestic cat of Egypt
subtype: #Maltese_cat a short-haired bluish-gray cat breed
subtype: #Abyssinian_cat__Abyssinian a small slender short-haired breed of African origin having brownish fur with a reddish undercoat
subtype: #Manx_cat a short-haired tailless breed of cat believed to originate on the Isle of Man
subtype: #wildcat any small or medium-sized cat resembling the domestic cat and living in the wild
subtype: #sand_cat a desert-dwelling wildcat
subtype: #European_wildcat__catamountain__Felis_silvestris bushy-tailed European wildcat resembling the domestic tabby and regarded as the ancestor of the domestic cat
subtype: #cougar__puma__catamount__mountain_lion__painter__panther__Felis_concolor large American feline resembling a lion
subtype: #ocelot__panther_cat__panthercat__Felis_pardalis nocturnal wildcat of Central and South America having a dark-spotted buff-brown coat
subtype: #jaguarundi_cat__jaguarundi__jaguarondi__eyra__Felis_yagouaroundi long-bodied long-tailed tropical American wildcat
subtype: #kaffir_cat__caffer_cat__Felis_ocreata widely distributed wildcat of Africa and Asia Minor
subtype: #jungle_cat__Felis_chaus small Asiatic wildcat
subtype: #Felis_serval__serval slender long-legged African wildcat having large untufted ears and tawny black-spotted coat
subtype: #leopard_cat__leopardcat__Felis_bengalensis small spotted wildcat of southern Asia and Malaysia
subtype: #Felis_tigrina__tiger_cat__tigercat medium-sized wildcat of Central and South America having a dark-striped coat
subtype: #margay_cat__margay__Felis_wiedi small spotted wildcat found from Texas to Brazil
subtype: #Felis_manul__manul__Pallas's_cat small wildcat of the mountains of Siberia Tibet and Mongolia
subtype: #lynx__catamount short-tailed wildcats with usually tufted ears; valued for their fur
subtype: #common_lynx__Lynx_lynx of northern Eurasia
subtype: #Canada_lynx__Lynx_canadensis__lynxcanadensi of northern North America
subtype: #bobcat__bay_lynx__baylynx__Lynx_rufus small lynx of North America
subtype: #spotted_lynx__spottedlynx__Lynx_pardina of southern Europe
subtype: #Lynx_caracal__caracal__desert_lynx of deserts of northern Africa and southern Asia
subtype: #big_cat__bigcat__cat any of several large cats typically able to roar and living in the wild
subtype: #leopard__Panthera_pardus large feline of African and Asian forests usually having a tawny coat with black spots
subtype: #leopardess female leopard
subtype: #panther a leopard in the black color phase
subtype: #snow_leopard__ounce__pantherauncia large feline of upland central Asia having long thick whitish fur
subtype: #jaguar__panther__Panthera_onca__Felis_onca a large spotted feline of tropical America similar to the leopard; in some classifications considered a member of the genus Felis
subtype: #lion__king_of_beasts__Panthera_leo large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male
subtype: #lioness__liones a female lion
subtype: #lionet a small or young lion
subtype: #Panthera_tigris__tiger large feline of forests in most of Asia having a tawny coat with black stripes; endangered
subtype: #Bengal_tiger southern short-haired tiger
subtype: #tigress a female tiger
subtype: #liger offspring of a male lion and a female tiger
subtype: #tiglon__tigon offspring of a male tiger and a female lion
subtype: #cheetah__chetah__Acinonyx_jubatus long-legged spotted cat of Africa and southwestern Asia having nonretractile claws; the swiftest mammal; can be trained to run down game
subtype: #saber-toothed_tiger__sabertoothedtiger__sabertooth any of many extinct cats of the Old and New Worlds having long swordlike upper canine teeth; from the Oligocene through the Pleistocene
subtype: #Smiledon_californicus North American sabertooth; culmination of sabertooth development
subtype: #false_saber-toothed_tiger__falsesabertoothedtiger North American cat of the Miocene and Pliocene; much earlier and less specialized than members of the genus Smiledon
subtype: #bear massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws
subtype: #brown_bear__brownbear__bruin__Ursus_arctos large ferocious bear of Eurasia
subtype: #Syrian_bear__Ursus_arctos_syriacus yellowish-gray Syrian brown bear
subtype: #grizzly_bear__grizzlybear__grizzly__silvertip__Ursus_horribilis__Ursus_arctos_horribilis__ursusarctoshorribili powerful brownish-yellow bear of the uplands of western North America
subtype: #Alaskan_brown_bear__Kodiak_bear__Kodiak__Ursus_middendorffi__Ursus_arctos_middendorffi brown bear of coastal Alaska and British Columbia
subtype: #bruin a conventional name for a bear used in tales following usage in the old epic "Reynard the Fox"
subtype: #American_black_bear__black_bear__blackbear__Ursus_americanus__Euarctos_americanus brown to black North American bear; smaller and less ferocious than the brown bear
subtype: #cinnamon_bear reddish-brown color phase of the American black bear
subtype: #Asiatic_black_bear__black_bear__blackbear__Ursus_thibetanus__Selenarctos_thibetanus black bear of central and eastern Asia
subtype: #ice_bear__icebear__polar_bear__polarbear__Ursus_Maritimus__Thalarctos_maritimus white bear of arctic regions
subtype: #sloth_bear__slothbear__Melursus_ursinus__Ursus_ursinus common coarse-haired long-snouted bear of south-central Asia
subtype: #viverrine_mammal__viverrinemammal__viverrine small catlike predatory mammals of warmer parts of the Old World
subtype: #civet__civet_cat__civetcat catlike mammal typically secreting musk used in perfumes
subtype: #large_civet__largecivet__Viverra_zibetha common civet of India and southeast Asia
subtype: #small_civet__smallcivet__Viverricula_indica__Viverricula_malaccensis common small civet of southeast Asia
subtype: #binturong__bearcat__Arctictis_bintourong arboreal civet of Asia having a long prehensile tail and shaggy black hair
subtype: #genus_Cryptoprocta__Cryptoprocta large primitive catlike carnivores inhabiting forests of Madagascar
subtype: #fanaloka__Fossa_fossa civet of Madagascar
subtype: #banded_palm_civet__Hemigalus_hardwickii E Indian civet
subtype: #palm_cat__palm_civet spotted or striped arboreal civet of southeast Asia and East Indies
subtype: #fossa_cat__fossacat__fossa__Cryptoprocta_ferox largest carnivore of Madagascar; intermediate in some respects between cats and civets
subtype: #genet__Genetta_genetta agile Old World viverrine having a spotted coat and long ringed tail
subtype: #mongoose agile grizzled Old World viverrine; preys on snakes and rodents
subtype: #Indian_mongoose__Herpestes_nyula keen-sighted viverrine of southern Asia about the size of a ferret; often domesticated
subtype: #Herpestes_ichneumon__ichneumon North African mongoose; in ancient times thought to devour crocodile eggs
subtype: #meerkat__mierkat South African mongoose-like viverrine having a face like a lemur and only four toes
subtype: #slender-tailed_meerkat__Suricata_suricatta a meerkat with a thin and elongated tail
subtype: #suricate__Suricata_tetradactyla burrowing diurnal meerkat of southern Africa; often kept as a pet
subtype: #musteline_mammal__mustelinemammal__musteline fissiped fur-bearing carnivorous mammals
subtype: #weasel small carnivorous mammal with short legs and elongated body and neck
subtype: #ermine__shorttail_weasel__shorttailweasel__Mustela_erminea mustelid of northern hemisphere in its white winter coat
subtype: #stoat the ermine in its brown summer coat with black-tipped tail
subtype: #New_World_least_weasel__Mustela_rixosa of Canada and northeastern United States
subtype: #Old_World_least_weasel__Mustela_nivalis of Europe
subtype: #longtail_weasel__long-tailed_weasel__Mustela_frenata the common American weasel distinguished by large size and black-tipped tail
subtype: #muishond southern African weasel
subtype: #snake_muishond__snakemuishond__Poecilogale_albinucha small slender burrowing muishond with white top of the head
subtype: #striped_muishond__stripedmuishond__Ictonyx_striata__ictonyxstriata ferret-sized muishond often tamed
subtype: #zoril__Ictonyx_frenata north African muishond
subtype: #mink slender-bodied semiaquatic mammal having partially webbed feet; valued for its fur
subtype: #American_mink__Mustela_vison usually rich dark brown
subtype: #fitch__polecat__foulmart__foumart__Mustela_putorius dark brown mustelid of woodlands of Eurasia that gives off an unpleasant odor when threatened
subtype: #ferret domesticated albino variety of the European polecat bred for hunting rats and rabbits
subtype: #black-footed_ferret__ferret__Mustela_nigripes ferret of prairie regions of United States; nearly extinct
subtype: #otter freshwater carnivorous mammal having webbed and clawed feet and dark brown fur
subtype: #river_otter__riverotter__Lutra_canadensis sociable aquatic animal widely distributed along streams and lake borders in North America
subtype: #Eurasian_otter__Lutra_lutra otter found in Europe and Asia
subtype: #sea_otter__seaotter__Enhydra_lutris large marine otter of northern Pacific coasts having very thick dark brown fur
subtype: #polecat__skunk__wood_pussy American musteline mammal typically ejecting an intensely malodorous fluid when startled; in some classifications put in a separate subfamily Mephitinae
subtype: #striped_skunk__stripedskunk__Mephitis_mephitis most common and widespread North American skunk
subtype: #hooded_skunk__Mephitis_macroura of Mexico and southernmost parts of southwestern United States
subtype: #hog-nosed_skunk__hognosedskunk__hognosed_skunk__badger_skunk__rooter_skunk__Conepatus_leuconotus large naked-muzzled skunk with white back and tail; of southwestern North America and Mexico
subtype: #little_spotted_skunk__spotted_skunk__spottedskunk__Spilogale_putorius small skunk with a marbled black and white coat; of United States and Mexico
subtype: #badger sturdy carnivorous burrowing mammal with strong claws widely distributed in the northern hemisphere
subtype: #American_badger__Taxidea_taxus a variety of badger native to America
subtype: #Eurasian_badger__Meles_meles a variety of badger native to Europe and Asia
subtype: #ferret_badger small ferret-like badger of southeast Asia
subtype: #hog_badger__hogbadger__hog-nosed_badger__hognosedbadger__sand_badger__Arctonyx_collaris SE Asian badger with a snout like a pig
subtype: #ratel__honey_badger__honeybadger__Mellivora_capensis nocturnal badger-like carnivore of wooded regions of Africa and southern Asia
subtype: #carcajou__wolverine__skunk_bear__skunkbear__Gulo_luscus stocky shaggy-coated North American carnivorous mammal
subtype: #Gulo_gulo__glutton wolverine of northern Eurasia
subtype: #grison__Grison_vittatus__Galictis_vittatus carnivore of Central and South America resembling a weasel with a grayish-white back and dark underparts
subtype: #marten_cat__marten agile slender-bodied arboreal mustelids somewhat larger than weasels
subtype: #pine_marten__Martes_martes dark brown marten of northern Eurasian coniferous forests
subtype: #Martes_zibellina__sable marten of North Asian forests having luxuriant dark brown fur
subtype: #American_marten__American_sable__Martes_americana valued for its fur
subtype: #stone_marten__stonemarten__beech_marten__beechmarten__Martes_foina Eurasian marten having a brown coat with pale breast and throat
subtype: #fisher_cat__fisher__pekan__black_cat__blackcat__Martes_pennanti large dark brown North American arboreal carnivorous mammal
subtype: #yellow-throated_marten__Charronia_flavigula large yellow and black marten of S China and Burma
subtype: #tayra__taira__Eira_barbara long-tailed arboreal mustelid of Central and South America
subtype: #procyonid plantigrade carnivorous mammals
subtype: #raccoon__racoon omnivorous nocturnal mammal native to North and Central America
subtype: #common_raccoon__common_racoon__coon__ringtail__Procyon_lotor North American raccoon
subtype: #crab-eating_raccoon__Procyon_cancrivorus South American raccoon
subtype: #bassarisk__cacomistle__cacomixle__coon_cat__raccoon_fox__raccoonfox__ringtail__ring-tailed_cat__civet_cat__civetcat__miner's_cat__Bassariscus_astutus raccoon-like omnivorous mammal of Mexico and the southwestern United States having a long bushy tail with black and white rings
subtype: #kinkajou__honey_bear__honeybear__potto__Potos_flavus__Potos_caudivolvulus arboreal fruit-eating mammal of tropical America with a long prehensile tail
subtype: #coati-mondi__coatimondi__coati__coati-mundi__coatimundi__coon_cat__Nasua_narica omnivorous mammal of Central and South America
subtype: #lesser_panda__red_panda__redpanda__panda__bear_cat__cat_bear__catbear__ailurusfulgen reddish-brown Old World raccoon-like carnivore; in some classifications considered unrelated to the giant pandas
subtype: #giant_panda__giantpanda__panda__panda_bear__pandabear__coon_bear__Ailuropoda_melanoleuca large black-and-white herbivorous mammal of bamboo forests of China and Tibet; in some classifications considered a member of the bear family or of a separate family Ailuropodidae
subtype: #Fissipedia in some classifications considered a suborder of Carnivora
subtype: #aardvark__ant_bear__antbear__Orycteropus_afer nocturnal burrowing mammal of the grasslands of Africa that feeds on termites; sole extant representative of the order Tubulidentata
subtype: #chiropteran nocturnal mouselike mammal with forelimbs modified to form membranous wings and anatomical adaptations for echolocation by which they navigate
subtype: #fruit_bat__fruitbat__megabat large Old World bat of warm and tropical regions that feeds on fruit
subtype: #flying_fox large bat with a head that resembles the head of a fox
subtype: #Pteropus_capestratus a variety of fruit bat
subtype: #Pteropus_hypomelanus a variety of fruit bat
subtype: #harpy_bat__harpybat__harpy__tube-nosed_bat__tube-nosed_fruit_bat any of various fruit bats of the genus Nyctimene distinguished by nostrils drawn out into diverging tubes
subtype: #Cynopterus_sphinx a variety of fruit eating bat
subtype: #carnivorous_bat__carnivorousbat__microbat typically having large ears and feeding primarily on insects; worldwide in distribution
subtype: #mouse-eared_bat__mouseearedbat a carnivorous bat with ears like a mouse
subtype: #leafnose_bat__leaf-nosed_bat bat having a leaflike flap at the end of the nose; especially of the families Phyllostomatidae and Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae
subtype: #macrotus__Macrotus_californicus large-eared grayish bat of southern California and northwestern Mexico
subtype: #spearnose_bat__spearnosebat New World bat with a pointed nose leaf; found from southern United States to Paraguay
subtype: #Phyllostomus_hastatus a variety of leaf-nosed bat
subtype: #hognose_bat__hognosebat__Choeronycteris_mexicana small-eared Mexican bat with a long slender nose
subtype: #horseshoe_bat__horseshoebat bat having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose
subtype: #horseshoe_bat.leafnose_bat__horseshoebat any of numerous bats of northwest Africa or Philippines or Australia having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose
subtype: #orange_bat__orange_horseshoe_bat__Rhinonicteris_aurantius a common bat of northwestern Australia having orange or yellow fur
subtype: #false_vampire_bat__falsevampirebat__false_vampire__falsevampire any New or Old World carnivorous bat erroneously thought to suck blood but in fact feeding on insects
subtype: #big-eared_bat__Megaderma_lyra large carnivorous Old World bat with very large ears
subtype: #vespertilian_bat__vespertilionid a variety of carnivorous bat
subtype: #frosted_bat__frostedbat__Vespertilio_murinus common Eurasian bat with white-tipped hairs in its coat
subtype: #red_bat__redbat__Lasiurus_borealis North American brick or rusty red bat with hairs tipped with white
subtype: #little_brown_bat__little_brown_myotis__Myotis_leucifugus the small common North American bat; widely distributed
subtype: #cave_myotis__Myotis_velifer small bat of southwest United States that lives in caves etc.
subtype: #big_brown_bat__bigbrownbat__Eptesicus_fuscus rather large North American brown bat; widely distributed
subtype: #serotine__European_brown_bat__Eptesicus_serotinus common European brown bat
subtype: #pallid_bat__cave_bat__Antrozous_pallidus drab yellowish big-eared cave-dwelling bat
subtype: #pipistrelle__pipistrel__Pipistrellus_pipistrellus small European brown bat
subtype: #eastern_pipistrel__easternpipistrel__Pipistrellus_subflavus one of the smallest bats of eastern North America
subtype: #western_pipistrel__westernpipistrel__SPipistrellus_hesperus of western North America
subtype: #jackass_bat__jackassbat__spotted_bat__spottedbat__Euderma_maculata large spotted bat of southwestern United States having enormous ears
subtype: #long-eared_bat any of various Old or New World bats having very long ears
subtype: #western_big-eared_bat__westernbigearedbat__Plecotus_townsendi bat of western North America having extremely large ears
subtype: #brown_bat__brownbat any of numerous medium to small insectivorous bats found worldwide in caves and trees and buildings
subtype: #freetail__freetailed_bat small swift bat with leathery ears and a long tail; common in warm regions
subtype: #guano_bat__guanobat__Mexican_freetail_bat__Tadarida_brasiliensis the common freetail bat of southern United States having short velvety fur; migrates south for winter
subtype: #pocketed_bat__pocketed_freetail_bat__Tadirida_femorosacca small brown bat of California and northern Mexico
subtype: #mastiff_bat__mastiffbat a soft-furred chocolate-brown bat with folded ears and small wings; often runs along the ground
subtype: #true_vampire_bat__vampire_bat__vampirebat any of various tropical American bats of the family Desmodontidae that bite mammals and birds to feed on their blood
subtype: #Desmodus_rotundus mouse-sized bat of tropical Central and South America having sharp incisor and canine teeth; feeds on the blood of birds and mammals
subtype: #hairy-legged_vampire_bat__Diphylla_ecaudata similar in size and habits to Desmodus rotundus; of tropical America including southern California and Texas
subtype: #lagomorph__gnawing_mammal__gnawingmammal relative large gnawing animals; distinguished from rodents by having two pairs of upper incisors specialized for gnawing
subtype: #Duplicidentata in former classifications considered a suborder of Rodentia coextensive with the order Lagomorpha: gnawing animals
subtype: #leporid_mammal__leporidmammal__leporid rabbits and hares
subtype: #rabbit__coney__cony any of various burrowing animals of the family Leporidae having long ears and short tails; some domesticated and raised for pets or food
subtype: #lapin castrated male rabbit
subtype: #bunny_rabbit__bunnyrabbit__bunny (usually informal) especially a young rabbit
subtype: #European_rabbit__Old_World_rabbit__Oryctolagus_cuniculus common grayish-brown burrowing animal native to S Europe and North Africa but introduced elsewhere; widely domesticated and developed in various colors and for various needs; young born naked and helpless
subtype: #wood_rabbit__cottontail__cottontail_rabbit common small rabbit of North America having grayish or brownish fur and a tail with a white underside; a host for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)
subtype: #eastern_cottontail__easterncottontail__Sylvilagus_floridanus widely distributed in United States except northwest and far west regions
subtype: #swamp_rabbit__swamprabbit__swamp_hare__swamphare__Sylvilagus_aquaticus of southeastern United States swamps and lowlands
subtype: #marsh_hare__marshhare__swamprabbit__sylvilaguspalustri of marshy coastal areas from North Carolina to Florida
subtype: #Belgian_hare__leporide red breed of domestic rabbits; hybrid between Old World rabbit and hare
subtype: #Angora_rabbit__Angora domestic breed with long white silky hair
subtype: #hare swift timid long-eared mammal larger than a rabbit having a divided upper lip and long hind legs; young born furred and with open eyes
subtype: #leveret a young hare especially one in its first year
subtype: #European_hare__Lepus_europaeus large hare introduced in North America; does not turn white in winter
subtype: #jackrabbit large hare of western North America
subtype: #white-tailed_jackrabbit__whitetail_jackrabbit__whitetailjackrabbit__Lepus_townsendi largest hare of northern plains and western mountains of United States; brownish-gray in summer and pale gray in winter; tail nearly always all white
subtype: #blacktail_jackrabbit__blacktailjackrabbit__Lepus_californicus the common jackrabbit of grasslands and open areas of western United States; has large black-tipped ears and black streak on the tail
subtype: #polar_hare__polarhare__Arctic_hare__Lepus_arcticus large hare of Arctic America almost completely white in winter
subtype: #snowshoe_hare__snowshoe_rabbit__varying_hare__varyinghare__Lepus_americanus large large-footed North American hare; white in winter
subtype: #pika__mouse_hare__mousehare__rock_rabbit__coney__cony small short-eared burrowing mammal of rocky uplands of Asia and western North America
subtype: #little_chief_hare__Ochotona_princeps North American pika
subtype: #collared_pika__Ochotona_collaris similar to little chief hare and may be same species
subtype: #rodent__gnawer__gnawing_animal__gnawinganimal relatively small gnawing animals having a single pair of constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing
subtype: #mouse any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails
subtype: #house_mouse__housemouse__Mus_musculus brownish-gray Old World mouse now a common household pest worldwide
subtype: #harvest_mouse__harvestmouse__Micromyx_minutus small reddish-brown Eurasian mouse inhabiting e.g. cornfields
subtype: #field_mouse__fieldmouse any nocturnal Old World mouse of the genus Apodemus inhabiting woods and fields and gardens
subtype: #European_wood_mouse__Apodemus_sylvaticus nocturnal yellowish-brown mouse inhabiting woods and fields and gardens
subtype: #wood_mouse any of various New World woodland mice
subtype: #white-footed_mouse__vesper_mouse__Peromyscus_leucopus American woodland mouse with white feet and underparts
subtype: #deer_mouse__Peromyscus_maniculatus brownish New World mouse; most widely distributed member of the genus
subtype: #cactus_mouse__Peromyscus_eremicus burrowing mouse of desert areas of southwestern United States
subtype: #cotton_mouse__Peromyscus_gossypinus large dark mouse of southeastern United States
subtype: #pygmy_mouse__pygmymouse__Baiomys_taylori very small dark grayish brown mouse resembling a house mouse; of Texas and Mexico
subtype: #rat any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse
subtype: #pocket_rat any of various rodents with cheek pouches
subtype: #pocket_mouse any of various small nocturnal burrowing desert rodents with cheek pouches and long hind legs and tail
subtype: #silky_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_flavus small pale yellowish soft-furred rodent of southwestern United States and Mexico
subtype: #plains_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_flavescens small rodent of open areas of United States plains states
subtype: #hispid_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_hispidus large stiff-haired rodent of shortgrass prairies of United States
subtype: #Mexican_pocket_mouse__Liomys_irroratus large pocket mouse of Mexico
subtype: #kangaroo_rat__desert_rat__Dipodomys_phillipsii any of various leaping rodents of desert regions of North America and Mexico; largest members of the family Heteromyidae
subtype: #Ord_kangaroo_rat__Dipodomys_ordi most widely distributed kangaroo rat: plains and mountain areas of central and western United States
subtype: #dwarf_pocket_rat__kangaroo_mouse small silky-haired pouched rodent; similar to but smaller than kangaroo rats
subtype: #pocket_gopher__gopher__pouched_rat__pouchedrat burrowing rodent of the family Geomyidae having large external cheek pouches; of Central America and southwestern North America
subtype: #plains_pocket_gopher__Geomys_bursarius gopher of chiefly grasslands of central North America
subtype: #southeastern_pocket_gopher__Geomys_pinetis gopher of Alabama Georgia and Florida
subtype: #valley_pocket_gopher__Thomomys_bottae of valleys and mountain meadows of western United States
subtype: #northern_pocket_gopher__Thomomys_talpoides grayish to brown gopher of western and central United States
subtype: #brown_rat__brownrat__Norway_rat__Rattus_norvegicus common domestic rat; serious pest worldwide
subtype: #wharf_rat__wharfrat brown rat that infests wharves
subtype: #sewer_rat__sewerrat brown rat commonly found in sewers
subtype: #black_rat__blackrat__roof_rat__Rattus_rattus common household pest originally from Asia that has spread worldwide
subtype: #bandicoot_rat__bandicootrat__mole_rat burrowing scaly-tailed rat of India and Ceylon
subtype: #jerboa_rat large Australian rat with hind legs adapted for leaping
subtype: #kangaroo_mouse leaping rodent of Australian desert areas
subtype: #rice_rat__Oryzomys_palustris hardy agile rat of grassy marshes of Mexico and the southeastern United States
subtype: #murine a rodent that is a member of the family Muridae
subtype: #water_rat__waterrat any of various amphibious rats
subtype: #beaver_rat amphibious rat of Australia and New Guinea
subtype: #New_World_mouse a variety of rodent
subtype: #American_harvest_mouse__harvest_mouse__harvestmouse any of several small grayish New World mice inhabiting e.g. grain fields
subtype: #muskrat__Ondatra_zibethica beaver-like aquatic rodent of North America with dark glossy brown fur
subtype: #round-tailed_muskrat__Florida_water_rat__Neofiber_alleni of Florida wetlands
subtype: #cotton_rat__Sigmodon_hispidus destructive long-haired burrowing rat of southern North America and Central America
subtype: #wood_rat any of various small short-tailed rodents of the northern hemisphere having soft fur gray above and white below with well-furred tails and large ears; some are hosts for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)
subtype: #vole__field_mouse__fieldmouse any of various small mouselike rodents of the family Cricetidae especially of genus Microtus having a stout short-tailed body and inconspicuous ears and inhabiting fields or meadows
subtype: #grasshopper_mouse__grasshoppermouse insectivorous mouse of western North America
subtype: #pine_vole__pine_mouse__Pitymys_pinetorum short-tailed glossy-furred burrowing vole of the eastern United States
subtype: #meadow_vole__meadow_mouse__Microtus_pennsylvaticus widely distributed in grasslands of northern United States and Canada
subtype: #Richardson_vole__water_vole__watervole__Microtus_richardsoni of western North America
subtype: #prairie_vole__prairievole__Microtus_ochrogaster typical vole of the extended prairie region of central United States and southern Canada
subtype: #water_vole__watervole__water_rat__waterrat__Arvicola_amphibius common large Eurasian vole
subtype: #red-backed_mouse__redback_vole__redbackvole any of several voles of mountainous regions of Eurasia and America
subtype: #phenacomys any of several vole-like terrestrial or arboreal rodents of cold forested regions of Canada and western United States
subtype: #packrat__traderat__bushytail_woodrat__bushytailwoodrat__Neotoma_cinerea any of several bushy-tailed rodents of the genus Neotoma of western North America; hoards food and other objects
subtype: #dusky-footed_woodrat__Neotoma_fuscipes host to Lyme disease tick (Ixodes pacificus) in northern California
subtype: #eastern_woodrat__easternwoodrat__Neotoma_floridana large grayish-brown woodrat of the southeastern United States
subtype: #hamster short-tailed Old World burrowing rodent with large cheek pouches
subtype: #Eurasian_hamster__Cricetus_cricetus a variety of hamster common to Europe and Asia
subtype: #golden_hamster__Syrian_hamster__Mesocricetus_auratus small light-colored hamster often kept as a pet
subtype: #gerbil__gerbille small Old World burrowing desert rodent with long soft pale fur and hind legs adapted for leaping
subtype: #jird North African gerbils
subtype: #tamarisk_gerbil__Meriones_unguiculatus popular as a pet
subtype: #Meriones_longifrons__sand_rat southern European gerbil
subtype: #lemming any of various short-tailed furry-footed rodents of circumpolar distribution
subtype: #European_lemming__Lemmus_lemmus notable for mass migrations even into the sea where many drown
subtype: #brown_lemming__brownlemming__Lemmus_trimucronatus of northwestern Canada and Alaska
subtype: #gray_lemming__red-backed_lemming Old World lemming
subtype: #pied_lemming North American lemming having a white winter coat and some claws much enlarged
subtype: #Hudson_bay_collared_lemming__Dicrostonyx_hudsonius of northern Canada
subtype: #southern_bog_lemming__Synaptomys_cooperi of low bogs and meadows of northeastern and central United States and southern Canada
subtype: #northern_bog_lemming__Synaptomys_borealis of wet alpine and subalpine meadows of Canada and Alaska
subtype: #porcupine__hedgehog relatively large rodents with sharp erectile bristles mingled with the fur
subtype: #Old_World_porcupine terrestrial porcupine
subtype: #brush-tailed_porcupine__brush-tail_porcupine porcupine with a tuft of large beaded bristles on the tail
subtype: #long-tailed_porcupine__Trichys_lipura porcupine of Borneo and Sumatra having short spines and a long tail
subtype: #New_World_porcupine arboreal porcupine
subtype: #Canada_porcupine__Erethizon_dorsatum porcupine of northeastern North America with barbed spines concealed in the coarse fur; often gnaws buildings for salt and grease
subtype: #jumping_mouse__jumpingmouse any of several primitive mouselike rodents with long hind legs and no cheek pouches; of woodlands of Eurasia and North America
subtype: #meadow_jumping_mouse__Zapus_hudsonius widely distributed in northeastern and central United States and Canada
subtype: #jerboa mouselike jumping rodent
subtype: #typical_jerboa__typicaljerboa small nocturnal jumping rodent with long hind legs; of arid parts of North Africa and Asia
subtype: #Jaculus_jaculus a variety of jerboa
subtype: #dormouse small furry-tailed squirrel-like Old World rodent that becomes torpid in cold weather
subtype: #loir__Glis_glis large European dormouse
subtype: #hazel_mouse__hazelmouse__Muscardinus_avellanarius a variety of dormouse
subtype: #lerot dormouse of southern Europe and northern Africa
subtype: #squirrel a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail
subtype: #tree_squirrel any typical arboreal squirrel
subtype: #eastern_gray_squirrel__cat_squirrel__catsquirrel__Sciurus_carolinensis common medium-large squirrel of eastern North America; now introduced into England
subtype: #western_gray_squirrel__Sciurus_griseus large gray squirrel of far western areas of United States
subtype: #eastern_fox_squirrel__easternfoxsquirrel__fox_squirrel__foxsquirrel__Sciurus_niger exceptionally large arboreal squirrel of eastern United States
subtype: #black_squirrel__blacksquirrel fox squirrel or gray squirrel in the black color phase
subtype: #red_squirrel__redsquirrel__cat_squirrel__catsquirrel__Sciurus_vulgaris common reddish-brown squirrel of Europe and parts of Asia
subtype: #American_red_squirrel__spruce_squirrel__red_squirrel__redsquirrel__Sciurus_hudsonicus__Tamiasciurus_hudsonicus of northern United States and Canada
subtype: #chickeree__Douglas_squirrel__Tamiasciurus_douglasi far western United States counterpart of the red squirrel
subtype: #ground_squirrel__gopher__spermophile any of various terrestrial burrowing rodents of Old and New Worlds; often destroy crops
subtype: #whitetail_antelope_squirrel__antelope_squirrel__antelope_chipmunk__Citellus_leucurus small ground squirrel of western United States
subtype: #mantled_ground_squirrel__Citellus_lateralis common black-striped reddish-brown ground squirrel of western North America; resembles a large chipmunk
subtype: #suslik__souslik__Citellus_citellus rather large central Eurasian ground squirrel
subtype: #flickertail__Richardson_ground_squirrel__Citellus_richardsoni of sagebrush and grassland areas of western United States and Canada
subtype: #rock_squirrel__Citellus_variegatus large gray ground squirrel of rocky areas of the southwestern United States
subtype: #Arctic_ground_squirrel__parka_squirrel__parkasquirrel__Citellus_parryi large ground squirrel of the North American far north
subtype: #eastern_chipmunk__easternchipmunk__hackee__striped_squirrel__stripedsquirrel__ground_squirrel__Tamias_striatus small striped semiterrestrial eastern American squirrel with cheek pouches
subtype: #chipmunk chipmunk of western America and Asia
subtype: #baronduki__baranduki__barunduki__burunduki__eutamiusasiaticu__Eutamius_sibiricus terrestrial Siberian squirrel
subtype: #American_flying_squirrel New World flying squirrels
subtype: #southern_flying_squirrel__Glaucomys_volans small large-eyed nocturnal flying squirrel of eastern United States
subtype: #northern_flying_squirrel__Glaucomys_sabrinus large flying squirrel; chiefly of Canada
subtype: #Asiatic_flying_squirrel nocturnal rodent of Asia having furry folds of skin between forelegs and hind legs enabling it to move by gliding leaps
subtype: #taguan__flying_marmot__flying_cat__Petaurista_petaurista East Indian flying squirrel
subtype: #prairie_dog__prairiedog__prairie_marmot__prairiemarmot any of several rodents of North American prairies living in large complex burrows having a barking cry
subtype: #blacktail_prairie_dog__blacktailprairiedog__Cynomys_ludovicianus tail is black tipped
subtype: #whitetail_prairie_dog__whitetailprairiedog__Cynomys_gunnisoni tail is white tipped
subtype: #marmot stocky coarse-furred burrowing rodent with a short bushy tail found throughout the northern hemisphere; hibernates in winter
subtype: #groundhog__woodchuck__Marmota_monax reddish brown North American marmot
subtype: #hoary_marmot__hoarymarmot__whistler__whistling_marmot__whistlingmarmot__Marmota_caligata large North American mountain marmot
subtype: #yellowbelly_marmot__yellowbellymarmot__rockchuck__marmotaflaviventri heavy-bodied yellowish-brown marmot of rocky areas of western North America
subtype: #beaver large semiaquatic rodent with webbed hind feet and a broad flat tail; construct complex dams and underwater lodges
subtype: #Old_World_beaver__Castor_fiber a European variety of beaver
subtype: #New_World_beaver__Castor_canadensis a variety of beaver found in almost all areas of North America except Florida
subtype: #mountain_beaver__sewellel__Aplodontia_rufa bulky nocturnal burrowing rodent of uplands of the Pacific coast of North America; the most primitive living rodent
subtype: #cavy short-tailed rough-haired South American rodent
subtype: #Cavia_cobaya__guinea_pig stout-bodied nearly tailless domesticated cavy; often kept as a pet and widely used in research
subtype: #aperea__wild_cavy__Cavia_porcellus South American cavy; possibly ancestral to the domestic guinea pig
subtype: #mara__Dolichotis_patagonum hare-like rodent of the pampas of Argentina
subtype: #capybara__capibara__Hydrochoerus_hydrochaeris pig-sized tailless South American amphibious rodent with partly webbed feet; largest living rodent
subtype: #agouti__Dasyprocta_aguti agile long-legged rabbit-sized rodent of Central and South America and West Indies; valued as food
subtype: #Cuniculus_paca__paca large burrowing rodent of South and Central America; highly esteemed as food
subtype: #mountain_paca rodent of mountains of western South America
subtype: #Myocastor_coypus__coypu__nutria aquatic South American rodent resembling a small beaver; bred for its fur
subtype: #Chinchilla_laniger__chinchilla small rodent with soft pearly gray fur; native to the Andes but bred in captivity for fur
subtype: #mountain_chinchilla__mountain_viscacha a rodent native to the mountains of Chile and Peru and now bred in captivity
subtype: #viscacha__chinchillon__Lagostomus_maximus gregarious burrowing rodent larger than the chinchillas
subtype: #abrocome__chinchilla_rat__rat_chinchilla__ratchinchilla ratlike rodent with soft fur and large ears of the Andes
subtype: #mole_rat furry short-limbed tailless rodent resembling a true mole in habits and appearance; of eastern Europe and Middle East
subtype: #mole_rat.rodent__molerat African rodent resembling a mole in habits and appearance
subtype: #sand_rat small nearly naked African mole rat of desert areas
subtype: #Ungulata in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising all hoofed mammals; now divided into the orders Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) and Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
subtype: #ungulate__hoofed_mammal any of a number of hoofed mammals superficially similar but not necessarily closely related taxonomically
subtype: #dinocerate an extinct ungulate
subtype: #dinoceras__dinocera__uintathere a variety of dinocerate
subtype: #odd-toed_ungulate__perissodactyl__perissodactyl_mammal__perissodactylmammal placental mammals having hooves with an odd number of toes on each foot
subtype: #equine__equid hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a narrow mane along the back of the neck
subtype: #horse__Equus_caballus solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times
subtype: #roan horse having a roan coat
subtype: #stablemate__stable_companion a horse stabled with another or one of several horses owned by the same person
subtype: #gee-gee__geegee a word for horse used by children or in adult slang
subtype: #eohippus__dawn_horse earliest horse; extinct primitive dog-sized 4-toed Eocene animal
subtype: #mesohippus North American 3-toed Oligocene animal; probably not directly ancestral to modern horses
subtype: #protohippus Pliocene horse approaching donkeys in size
subtype: #female_horse__mare female equine animal
subtype: #broodmare__stud_mare a female horse used for breeding
subtype: #saddle_horse__riding_horse__mount a lightweight horse kept for riding only
subtype: #remount a fresh horse especially (formerly) to replace one killed or injured in battle
subtype: #palfrey (archaic) especially a light saddle horse for a woman
subtype: #warhorse horse used in war
subtype: #cavalry_horse__cavalryhorse horse trained for battle
subtype: #charger formerly a strong horse ridden into battle
subtype: #steed (literary) spirited horse for state or war
subtype: #prancer a mettlesome or fiery horse
subtype: #hack a saddle horse used for transportation rather than sport etc.
subtype: #cow_pony__cowpony a light saddle horse trained for herding cattle
subtype: #quarter_horse__quarterhorse a small powerful horse originally bred for sprinting in quarter-mile races in Virginia
subtype: #Morgan an American breed of small compact saddle horses
subtype: #Tennessee_walker__Tennessee_walking_horse__Walking_horse__Plantation_walking_horse a horse marked by stamina and trained to move at a fast running walk
subtype: #American_saddle_horse a high-stepping horse originating in Kentucky
subtype: #Appaloosa a hardy breed developed in western North America and characteristically having a spotted rump
subtype: #Arabian__Arab a spirited graceful and intelligent riding horse native to Arabia
subtype: #buckskin_horse__buckskin horse of a light yellowish dun color with dark mane and tail
subtype: #crowbait an emaciated horse likely soon to become carrion and so attractive to crows
subtype: #dun horse of a dull brownish gray color
subtype: #gray_horse horse of a light grey or whitish color
subtype: #pony a range horse of the western United States
subtype: #mustang small hardy range horse of the western plains descended from horses brought by the Spanish
subtype: #bronco__bronc__broncho an unbroken or imperfectly broken mustang
subtype: #bucking_bronco__buckingbronco a vicious or unbreakable bronco
subtype: #cayuse__Indian_pony a small native range horse
subtype: #polo_pony a small agile horse specially bred and trained for playing polo
subtype: #wild_horse undomesticated or feral domestic horse
subtype: #tarpan__Equus_caballus_gomelini European wild horse extinct since the early 20th century
subtype: #warrigal__warragal Australian wild horse
subtype: #Przewalski's_horse__Przevalski's_horse__Equus_caballus_przewalskii__Equus_caballus_przevalskii wild horse of central Asia that resembles an ass; now endangered
subtype: #hack.horse a horse kept for hire
subtype: #jade__hack__nag__plug an old or over-worked horse
subtype: #pony.horse any of various breeds of small gentle horses usually less than five feet high at the shoulder
subtype: #Shetland_pony breed of very small pony with long shaggy mane and tail
subtype: #Welsh_pony breed of small ponies originally from Wales
subtype: #Exmoor stocky breed of pony with a fawn-colored nose
subtype: #racehorse__bangtail__race_horse a horse bred for racing
subtype: #pony.racehorse an informal term for a racehorse; "he liked to bet on the ponies"
subtype: #yearling.racehorse a racehorse considered one year old until the second Jan. 1 following its birth
subtype: #dark_horse a racehorse about which little is known
subtype: #mudder a racehorse that runs well on a muddy racetrack
subtype: #nonstarter a horse that fails to run in a race for which it has been entered
subtype: #pacemaker__pacer__pacesetter a horse used to set the pace in racing
subtype: #trotting_horse__trotter a horse trained to trot especially one trained for harness racing
subtype: #pole_horse the horse having a starting position next to the inside rail in a harness race
subtype: #steeplechaser a horse trained to run in steeplechases
subtype: #stalking-horse a horse behind which a hunter hides while stalking game
subtype: #harness_horse__harnesshorse horse used for pulling vehicles
subtype: #cob.harness_horse stocky short-legged harness horse
subtype: #hackney a compact breed of harness horse
subtype: #workhorse a horse used for plowing and hauling and other heavy labor
subtype: #plow_horse__plough_horse a horse used to pull a plow
subtype: #draft_horse__draught_horse__draughthorse__dray_horse horse adapted for drawing heavy loads
subtype: #carthorse__cart_horse__drayhorse draft horse kept for pulling carts
subtype: #Clydesdale heavy feathered-legged breed of draft horse originally from Scotland
subtype: #shire_horse__shirehorse__shire British breed of large heavy draft horse
subtype: #poler__pole_horse a draft horse harnessed alongside the shaft or pole of a vehicle
subtype: #wheel_horse__wheelhorse__wheeler a draft horse harnessed behind others and nearest the wheels of a vehicle
subtype: #coach_horse__coachhorse strong draft horse for drawing coaches
subtype: #packhorse a workhorse used as a pack animal
subtype: #farm_horse__dobbin a quiet plodding workhorse
subtype: #post_horse__poster a horse kept at an inn or post house for use by mail carriers or for rent to travelers
subtype: #pacer a horse trained to a special gait in which both feet on one side leave the ground together
subtype: #high_stepper__stepper a horse trained to lift its feet high off the ground while walking or trotting
subtype: #chestnut a dark golden-brown or reddish-brown horse
subtype: #liver_chestnut__liverchestnut a solid dark brown horse
subtype: #bay.horse a horse of a moderate reddish-brown color
subtype: #sorrel a horse of a brownish orange to light brown color
subtype: #palomino a horse of light tan or golden color with cream or white mane and tail
subtype: #pinto a spotted or calico horse or pony
subtype: #ass__as hardy and sure-footed animal smaller and with longer ears than the horse
subtype: #domestic_ass__donkey__Equus_asinus domestic beast of burden descended from the African wild ass; patient but stubborn
subtype: #burro small donkey used as a pack animal
subtype: #moke British informal
subtype: #jackass__jackas male donkey
subtype: #jennet__jenny__jenny_ass__jennyas female donkey
subtype: #wild_ass any of several plain-colored equine mammals of Asia and northeast Africa
subtype: #African_wild_ass__Equus_asinus a wild ass of Africa
subtype: #Equus_kiang__kiang wild ass of Tibet and Mongolia
subtype: #Equus_hemionus__onager Asiatic wild ass
subtype: #chigetai__dziggetai__Equus_hemionus_hemionus__equushemionushemionu Mongolian wild ass
subtype: #mule sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse
subtype: #hinny sterile offspring of a male horse and a female donkey or ass
subtype: #zebra any of several fleet black-and-white striped African equines
subtype: #common_zebra__Burchell's_zebra__Equus_Burchelli of the plains of central and eastern Africa
subtype: #mountain_zebra__Equus_zebra_zebra narrow-striped nearly extinct zebra of southern Africa
subtype: #grevy's_zebra__grevy'szebra__Equus_grevyi zebra with less continuous stripes
subtype: #Equus_quagga__quagga mammal of South Africa that resembled a zebra; extinct since late 19th century
subtype: #rhinoceros__rhino massive powerful herbivorous odd-toed ungulate of southeast Asia and Africa having very thick skin and one or two horns on the snout
subtype: #Indian_rhinoceros__Rhinoceros_unicornis having one horn
subtype: #woolly_rhinoceros__Rhinoceros_antiquitatis extinct thick-haired species of arctic regions
subtype: #white_rhinoceros__Ceratotherium_simum__Diceros_simus large light-gray African rhinoceros having two horns; endangered; sometimes placed in genus Diceros
subtype: #black_rhinoceros__Diceros_bicornis African rhino; in danger of extinction
subtype: #tapir large inoffensive chiefly nocturnal ungulate of tropical America and southeast Asia having a heavy body and fleshy snout
subtype: #New_World_tapir__Tapirus_terrestris a tapir found in South and Central America
subtype: #Malayan_tapir__Indian_tapir__Tapirus_indicus a tapir found in Malaya and Sumatra
subtype: #even-toed_ungulate__artiodactyl__artiodactyl_mammal__artiodactylmammal placental mammal having hooves with an even number of functional toes on each foot
subtype: #swine stout-bodied short-legged omnivorous animals
subtype: #pig__squealer__grunter__Sus_scrofa domestic swine
subtype: #porker a pig fattened to provide meat
subtype: #boar an uncastrated male hog
subtype: #sow an adult female hog
subtype: #razorback_hog__razorbackhog__razorback__razorbacked_hog__razorbackedhog thin-bodied mongrel hog of southeastern United States that is a wild or semi-wild descendant of improved breeds
subtype: #wild_boar__boar__Sus_scrofa Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States
subtype: #babirusa__babiroussa__babirussa__Babyrousa_Babyrussa Indonesian wild pig with enormous curved canine teeth
subtype: #warthog African wild swine with warty protuberances on the face and large protruding tusks
subtype: #peccary__musk_hog nocturnal gregarious pig-like wild animals of North and South America
subtype: #collared_peccary__javelina__Tayassu_angulatus__Tayassu_tajacu__Peccari_angulatus dark gray peccary with an indistinct white collar; of semi desert areas of Mexico and southwestern United States
subtype: #white-lipped_peccary__Tayassu_pecari blackish peccary with whitish cheeks; larger than the collared peccary
subtype: #Chiacoan_peccary a recently discovered large wild pig of Paraguay
subtype: #hippopotamus__hippo__river_horse__riverhorse__Hippopotamus_amphibius massive thick-skinned herbivorous animal living in or around rivers of tropical Africa
subtype: #ruminant any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments
subtype: #pollard a usually horned animal that as either shed its horns or had them removed
subtype: #bovid hollow-horned ruminants
subtype: #bovine any of various members of the genus Bos
subtype: #wild_ox__ox any of various wild bovines especially of the genera Bos or closely related Bibos
subtype: #aurochs__auroch__urus__Bos_primigenius large recently extinct long-horned European wild ox; considered one of the ancestors of domestic cattle
subtype: #Bos_grunniens__yak large long-haired wild ox of Tibet often domesticated
subtype: #Bos_banteng__banteng__banting wild ox of the Malay Archipelago
subtype: #Asian_wild_ox genus of Asiatic wild oxen
subtype: #gaur__Bibos_gaurus wild ox of mountainous areas of eastern India
subtype: #gayal__mithan__Bibos_frontalis ox of southeast Asia sometimes considered a domesticated breed of the gaur
subtype: #cattle__cows__kine__oxen__Bos_taurus domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age: "so many head of cattle"; "wait till the cows come home"; "seven thin and ill-favored kine"- Bible; "a team of oxen"
subtype: #ox an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus
subtype: #stirk yearling heifer or bullock
subtype: #steer__bullock castrated bull
subtype: #bull.cattle uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle
subtype: #bullock young bull
subtype: #moo-cow__moocow__cow female of domestic cattle: "`moo-cow'" is a child's term"
subtype: #springing_cow__springingcow__springer a cow about to give birth
subtype: #heifer young cow
subtype: #beef_cattle__beef cattle that are reared for their meat
subtype: #Texas_longhorn__longhorn long-horned beef cattle formerly common in southwestern United States
subtype: #Santa_Gertrudis Brahman and shorthorn crossbreed of red cattle; hardy in hot regions
subtype: #Aberdeen_Angus__Angus__black_Angus black hornless breed from Scotland
subtype: #Charolais large white or cream-colored breed from France
subtype: #shorthorn__Durham English breed of short-horned cattle
subtype: #Galloway breed of hardy black chiefly beef cattle native to Scotland
subtype: #Hereford__whiteface hardy English breed of dairy cattle raised extensively in United States
subtype: #cattalo hardy breed of cattle resulting from crossing domestic cattle with the American buffalo; yields leaner beef than conventional breeds
subtype: #Welsh_Black__Welsh Welsh breed of dual-purpose cattle
subtype: #red_poll__redpoll hornless short-haired breed of beef and dairy cattle
subtype: #Africander tall large-horned humped south African cattle for meat or draft
subtype: #dairy_cattle__dairycattle__dairy_cow__dairycow__milch_cow__milchcow__milk_cow__milcher__milker cattle that are reared for their milk
subtype: #Ayrshire hardy breed from Ayr Scotland
subtype: #Brown_Swiss large hardy brown breed from Switzerland
subtype: #Jersey breed from the island of Jersey
subtype: #milking_shorthorn__milkingshorthorn breed evolved from shorthorn beef cattle
subtype: #Holstein-Friesian__Friesian__Holstein a breed of dairy cattle from northern Holland
subtype: #Guernsey breed of dairy cattle from the island of Guernsey
subtype: #Devon red dual-purpose cattle of English origin
subtype: #Bos_indicus__Brahman__Brahma__Brahmin any of several breeds of Indian cattle; especially a large American heat and tick resistant grayish humped breed evolved in the Gulf States by interbreeding Indian cattle and now used chiefly for crossbreeding
subtype: #zebu domesticated ox having a humped back and long horns and a large dewlap; used chiefly as a draft animal in India and east Asia
subtype: #Old_World_buffalo__buffalo any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo; Cape buffalo
subtype: #water_buffalo__waterbuffalo__water_ox__waterox__Asiatic_buffalo__Bubalus_bubalis Asiatic buffalo often domesticated for use as a draft animal
subtype: #Indian_buffalo upland buffalo of eastern Asia where true water buffaloes do not thrive; used for draft and milk
subtype: #carabao water buffalo of the Philippines
subtype: #anoa__dwarf_buffalo__dwarfbuffalo__Anoa_depressicornis small buffalo of the Celebes having small straight horns
subtype: #tamarau__tamarao__Bubalus_mindorensis__Anoa_mindorensis small buffalo of Mindoro in the Philippines
subtype: #Cape_buffalo__Synercus_caffer large often savage buffalo of southern Africa having upward-curving horns; mostly in game reserves
subtype: #bison any of several large shaggy-maned humped bovids having large heads and short horns
subtype: #American_bison__American_buffalo__buffalo__bisonbison large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains
subtype: #wisent__aurochs__auroch__Bison_bonasus European bison having a smaller and higher head than the North American bison
subtype: #musk_ox__musk_sheep__Ovibos_moschatus large shaggy-coated bovid mammal of Canada and Greenland; intermediate in size and anatomy between an ox and a sheep
subtype: #sheep woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat
subtype: #ewe female sheep
subtype: #tup__ram uncastrated adult male sheep: "a British term is `tup'"
subtype: #wether male sheep especially a castrated one
subtype: #bellwether sheep that leads the herd often wearing a bell
subtype: #black_sheep__blacksheep sheep with a black coat
subtype: #domestic_sheep__Ovis_aries any of various breeds raised for wool or edible meat or skin
subtype: #Cotswold sheep with long wool originating in the Cotswolds
subtype: #Hampshire_down__Hampshire British breed of hornless dark-faced mutton sheep
subtype: #Lincoln long-wooled mutton sheep originally from Lincolnshire
subtype: #Exmoor.domestic_sheep__exmoor horned sheep of Devon; valued for mutton
subtype: #Cheviot hardy hornless sheep of the Cheviot hills noted for its wool
subtype: #caracul__karakul hardy coarse-haired sheep of central Asia; lambs are valued for their soft curly black fur
subtype: #longwool a domestic long-wool sheep
subtype: #merino_sheep__merino white sheep originating in Spain and producing a heavy fleece of exceptional quality
subtype: #Rambouillet hardy sheep developed from the Merino producing both good mutton and fine wool
subtype: #wild_sheep undomesticated sheep
subtype: #argali__argal__Ovis_ammon wild sheep of semidesert regions in central Asia
subtype: #Marco_Polo_sheep__Marco_Polo's_sheep__Ovis_poli Asiatic wild sheep with exceptionally large horns; sometimes considered a variety of the argali (or Ovis ammon)
subtype: #urial__Ovis_vignei bearded reddish sheep of southern Asia
subtype: #Dall_sheep__Dall's_sheep__white_sheep__whitesheep__Ovis_montana_dalli large white wild sheep of northwestern Canada and Alaska
subtype: #mountain_sheep any wild sheep inhabiting mountainous regions
subtype: #Rocky_Mountain_bighorn__bighorn__bighorn_sheep__bighornsheep__cimarron__Rocky_Mountain_sheep__Ovis_canadensis wild sheep of mountainous regions of western North America having massive curled horns
subtype: #mouflon__moufflon__Ovis_musimon wild short-fleeced mountain sheep of Corsica and Sardinia
subtype: #aoudad__arui__audad__Barbary_sheep__maned_sheep__manedsheep__Ammotragus_lervia wild sheep of northern Africa
subtype: #caprine_animal__caprineanimal__goat any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns
subtype: #kid young goat
subtype: #billy_goat__billygoat__billy__he-goat male goat
subtype: #nanny-goat__nannygoat__nanny__she-goat__shegoat female goat
subtype: #domestic_goat__Capra_hircus any of various breeds raised for milk or meat or wool
subtype: #Cashmere_goat__Kashmir_goat Himalayan goat having a silky undercoat highly prized as cashmere wool
subtype: #Angora_goat__Angora raised for its long silky hair which is the true mohair
subtype: #wild_goat undomesticated goat
subtype: #bezoar_goat__pasang__Capra_aegagrus wild goat of Iran and adjacent regions
subtype: #markhor__Capra_falconeri large Himalayan goat with large spiraled horns
subtype: #Capra_ibex__ibex wild goat of mountain areas of Eurasia and North Africa having large recurved horns
subtype: #goat_antelope bovid related to goats but having antelope-like features: mountain goats; gorals; serows; chamois; gnu goats
subtype: #mountain_goat__Rocky_Mountain_goat__Oreamnos_americanus sure-footed mammal of mountainous northwestern North America
subtype: #Naemorhedus_goral__goral small goat antelope with small conical horns; of South Asian mountains
subtype: #serow short-horned dark-coated goat antelope of mountain areas of south and southeast Asia
subtype: #chamois__Rupicapra_rupicapra hoofed mammal of mountains of Eurasia having upright horns with backward-hooked tips
subtype: #takin__gnu_goat__gnugoat__budorcastaxicolor large heavily built goat antelope of eastern Himalayan area
subtype: #antelope graceful Old World ruminant with long legs and horns directed upward and backward; includes gazelles; springboks; impalas; addax; gerenuks; blackbucks; dik-diks
subtype: #blackbuck__black_buck__blackbuck__Antilope_cervicapra common Indian antelope with a dark back and spiral horns
subtype: #gerenuk__Litocranius_walleri slender east African antelope with slim neck and backward-curving horns
subtype: #addax__Addax_nasomaculatus large antelope with lightly spiraled horns of desert regions of North Africa
subtype: #gnu__wildebeest large African antelope having a head with horns like an ox and a long tufted tail
subtype: #dik-dik__dikdik any of several small antelopes of eastern Africa of the genus Madoqua; the size of a large rabbit
subtype: #hartebeest large African antelope with lyre-shaped horns that curve backward
subtype: #sassaby__topi__Damaliscus_lunatus large South African antelope; considered the swiftest hoofed mammal
subtype: #impala__Aepyceros_melampus African antelope with ridged curved horns; moves with enormous leaps
subtype: #gazelle small swift graceful antelope of Africa and Asia having lustrous eyes
subtype: #Thomson's_gazelle__Gazella_thomsoni E African Gazelle; smallest gazelle
subtype: #Gazella_subgutturosa a kind of gazelle
subtype: #springbok__springbuck__Antidorcas_marsupialis__Antidorcas_euchore South African gazelle noted for springing lightly into the air
subtype: #bongo__Tragelaphus_eurycerus__Boocercus_eurycerus large forest antelope of central Africa having a reddish-brown coat with white stripes and spiral horns
subtype: #kudu__koodoo__koudou either of two spiral-horned antelopes of the African bush
subtype: #greater_kudu__greaterkudu__tragelaphusstrepsicero a variety of kudu
subtype: #lesser_kudu__Tragelaphus_imberbis a smaller variety of kudu
subtype: #harnessed_antelope__harnessedantelope any of several antelopes of the genus Tragelaphus having striped markings resembling a harness
subtype: #nyala__Tragelaphus_angasi spiral-horned South African antelope with a fringe of white hairs along back and neck
subtype: #bushbuck__guib__Tragelaphus_scriptus antelope with white markings like a harness and twisted horns
subtype: #mountain_nyala__Tragelaphus_buxtoni shaggy antelope of mountains of Ethiopia
subtype: #nilgai__nylghai__blue_bull__Boselaphus_tragocamelus large Indian antelope; male is blue-grey with white markings; female is brownish with no horns
subtype: #sable_antelope__sableantelope__Hippotragus_niger large black east African antelope with sharp back-curving horns
subtype: #saiga__Saiga_tatarica goat-like antelope of central Eurasia having a stubby nose like a proboscis
subtype: #steenbok__steinbok__Raphicerus_campestris small plains antelope of southeastern Africa
subtype: #eland either of two large African antelopes of the genus Taurotragus having short spirally twisted horns in both sexes
subtype: #common_eland__Taurotragus_oryx dark fawn-colored eland of South and East Africa
subtype: #giant_eland__gianteland__Taurotragus_derbianus large dark striped eland of western equatorial Africa
subtype: #waterbuck any of several large African antelopes of the genus Kobus having curved ridged horns and frequenting e.g. swamps and rivers
subtype: #Kobus_kob__kob an orange-brown antelope of southeast Africa
subtype: #lechwe__Kobus_leche tawny-colored African antelope inhabiting wet grassy plains; a threatened species
subtype: #puku__Adenota_vardoni an African antelope closely related to the waterbuck
subtype: #oryx__pasang large African antelope with long straight nearly upright horns
subtype: #gemsbok__gemsbuck__Oryx_gazella large South African oryx with a broad black band along its flanks
subtype: #forest_goat__spindle_horn__spindlehorn__Pseudoryx_nghetinhensis cow-like creature with the glossy coat of a horse and the agility of a goat and the long horns of an antelope; characterized as a cow that lives the life of a goat
subtype: #pronghorn_antelope__pronghornantelope__pronghorn__prongbuck__American_antelope__Antilocapra_americana fleet antelope-like ruminant of western North American plains with small branched horns
subtype: #deer__cervid distinguished from Bovidae by the male's having solid deciduous antlers
subtype: #pricket male deer in his second year
subtype: #fawn young deer
subtype: #red_deer__reddeer__cervuselaphu common deer of temperate Europe and Asia
subtype: #hart__stag male red deer
subtype: #hind female red deer
subtype: #brocket male red deer in its second year
subtype: #sambar__sambur__Cervus_unicolor South Asian deer with three-tined antlers
subtype: #wapiti__American_elk__Cervus_canadensis large North American deer with large much-branched antlers
subtype: #Japanese_deer__sika__Cervus_nipon__Cervus_sika small deer of Japan with slightly forked antlers
subtype: #Virginia_deer__white_tail__whitetail__white-tailed_deer__whitetail_deer__whitetaildeer__Odocoileus_Virginianus common North American deer; tail has a white underside
subtype: #mule_deer__burro_deer__burrodeer__Odocoileus_hemionus long-eared deer of western North America with two-pronged antlers
subtype: #black-tailed_deer__blacktail_deer__blacktaildeer__blacktail__odocoileushemionuscolumbianu mule deer of western Rocky Mountains
subtype: #European_elk__elk__Alces_alces large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called elk in Europe and moose in North America
subtype: #fallow_deer__Dama_dama small Eurasian deer
subtype: #roe_deer__roedeer__Capreolus_capreolus small graceful deer of Eurasian woodlands having small forked antlers
subtype: #roebuck male roe deer
subtype: #Greenland_caribou__caribou__reindeer__Rangifer_tarandus arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called reindeer in Eurasia and caribou in North America
subtype: #woodland_caribou__Rangifer_caribou any of several large caribou living in coniferous forests of southern Canada; in some classifications included in the species Rangifer tarandus
subtype: #barren_ground_caribou__Rangifer_arcticus of tundra of northern Canada; in some classifications included in the species Rangifer tarandus
subtype: #brocket.deer small South American deer with unbranched antlers
subtype: #muntjac__barking_deer__barkingdeer small Asian deer with small antlers and a cry like a bark
subtype: #musk_deer__Moschus_moschiferus small heavy-limbed upland deer of central Asia; male secretes valued musk
subtype: #pere_david's_deer__elaphure__Elaphurus_davidianus large Chinese deer surviving only in domesticated herds
subtype: #chevrotain__mouse_deer__mousedeer very small hornless deer-like ruminant of tropical Asia and west Africa
subtype: #Tragulus_kanchil__kanchil small chevrotain of southeastern Asia
subtype: #napu__Tragulus_Javanicus chevrotain somewhat larger than the kanchil; found in India and Malaya
subtype: #water_chevrotain__waterchevrotain__water_deer__waterdeer__Hyemoschus_aquaticus largest chevrotain; of marshy areas of west Africa
subtype: #giraffe__camelopard__Giraffa_camelopardalis tallest living quadruped; having a spotted coat and small horns and very long neck and legs; of savannahs of tropical Africa
subtype: #okapi__Okapia_johnstoni similar to the giraffe but smaller with much shorter neck and stripe on the legs
subtype: #camel cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions
subtype: #Arabian_camel__dromedary__Camelus_dromedarius one-humped camel of the hot deserts of North Africa and southwestern Asia
subtype: #Bactrian_camel__Camelus_bactrianus two-humped camel of the cold deserts of central Asia
subtype: #llama wild or domesticated South American cud-chewing animal related to camels but smaller and lacking a hump
subtype: #domestic_llama__Lama_peruana used in the Andes as a beast of burden and source of wool; considered a domesticated variety of the guanaco
subtype: #guanaco__Lama_guanicoe wild llama
subtype: #Lama_pacos__alpaca domesticated llama with long silky fleece; believed to be a domesticated variety of the guanaco
subtype: #Vicugna_vicugna__vicuna small wild cud-chewing Andean animal similar to the guanaco but smaller; valued for its fleecy undercoat
subtype: #Unguiculata in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising mammals with nails or claws; distinguished from hoofed mammals and cetaceans
subtype: #unguiculate_mammal__unguiculatemammal__unguiculate a mammal having nails or claws
subtype: #hyrax__coney__cony__dassie__das__da any of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toes
subtype: #rock_hyrax__rock_rabbit__Procavia_capensis hyrax that lives in rocky areas
subtype: #pachyderm any of various nonruminant hoofed mammals having very thick skin: elephant; rhinoceros; hippopotamus
subtype: #edentate primitive terrestrial mammal with few if any teeth; of tropical Central and South America
subtype: #armadillo burrowing chiefly nocturnal mammal with body covered with strong horny plates
subtype: #peba__nine-banded_armadillo__Texas_armadillo__Dasypus_novemcinctus having nine hinged bands of bony plates; ranges from Texas to Paraguay
subtype: #apar__three-banded_armadillo__Tolypeutes_tricinctus South American armadillo with three bands of bony plates
subtype: #tatouay__cabassous__cabassou__Cabassous_unicinctus naked-tailed armadillo of tropical South America
subtype: #peludo__poyou__Euphractus_sexcinctus Argentine armadillo with six movable bands and hairy underparts
subtype: #giant_armadillo__giantarmadillo__tatou__tatu__Priodontes_giganteus about three feet long exclusive of tail
subtype: #pichiciago__pichiciego__fairy_armadillo__fairyarmadillo__chlamyphore__Chlamyphorus_truncatus very small Argentine armadillo with pale silky hair and pink plates on head and neck
subtype: #greater_pichiciego__greaterpichiciego__Burmeisteria_retusa of southern South America
subtype: #tree_sloth__sloth any of several slow-moving arboreal mammals of South and Central America; they hang from branches back downward and feed on leaves and fruits
subtype: #three-toed_sloth__ai__Bradypus_tridactylus a sloth that has three long claws on each forefoot
subtype: #Choloepus_didactylus__two-toed_sloth__unau relatively small fast-moving sloth
subtype: #two-toed_sloth__unau__Choloepus_hoffmanni relatively small fast-moving sloth
subtype: #megatherian_mammal__megatherianmammal__megatherian__megatheriid a large extinct ground sloth
subtype: #ground_sloth__megathere gigantic extinct terrestrial sloth-like mammal of the Pliocene and Pleistocene in America
subtype: #mylodontid a variety of extinct edentate
subtype: #mapinguari supposed human-sized sloth-like creature reported sighted by Indians in the Amazon rain forest
subtype: #mylodon large (bear-sized) extinct edentate mammal of the Pleistocene in South America
subtype: #New_World_anteater__anteater any of several tropical American mammals of the family Myrmecophagidae which lack teeth and feed on ants and termites
subtype: #ant_bear__antbear__giantanteater__great_anteater__greatanteater__tamanoir__Myrmecophaga_jubata large shaggy-haired toothless anteater with long tongue and powerful claws; of South America
subtype: #silky_anteater__silkyanteater__two-toed_anteater__Cyclopes_didactylus squirrel-sized South American toothless anteater with long silky golden fur
subtype: #tamandua__tamandu__lesser_anteater__Tamandua_tetradactyla small toothless anteater with prehensile tale and four-clawed forelimbs; of tropical South and Central America
subtype: #pangolin__scaly_anteater__scalyanteater__anteater toothless mammal of southern Africa and Asia having a body covered with horny scales and a long snout for feeding on ants and termites
subtype: #primate any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet
subtype: #simian an ape or monkey
subtype: #ape any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all
subtype: #anthropoid_ape any tailless ape of the families Pongidae and Hylobatidae
subtype: #great_ape__greatape__pongid any of the large anthropoid apes of the family Pongidae
subtype: #orangutan__orang__orangutang__Pongo_pygmaeus large long-armed ape of Borneo and Sumatra having arboreal habits
subtype: #Gorilla_gorilla__gorilla largest anthropoid ape; terrestrial and vegetarian; of forests of central west Africa
subtype: #western_lowland_gorilla__westernlowlandgorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_gorilla a kind of gorilla
subtype: #eastern_lowland_gorilla__easternlowlandgorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_grauri a kind of gorilla
subtype: #mountain_gorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_beringei gorilla of Kivu highlands
subtype: #silverback an adult male gorilla with gray hairs across the back
subtype: #chimpanzee__chimp__Pan_troglodytes intelligent somewhat arboreal ape of equatorial African forests
subtype: #western_chimpanzee__westernchimpanzee__Pan_troglodytes_verus masked or pale-faced chimpanzees of western Africa; distantly related to the eastern and central chimpanzees; possibly a distinct species
subtype: #eastern_chimpanzee__easternchimpanzee__Pan_troglodytes_schweinfurthii long-haired chimpanzees of east-central Africa; closely related to the central chimpanzees
subtype: #central_chimpanzee__centralchimpanzee__pantroglodytestroglodyte black-faced chimpanzees of central Africa; closely related to eastern chimpanzees
subtype: #pygmy_chimpanzee__pygmychimpanzee__bonobo__Pan_paniscus small chimpanzee of swamp forests in Zaire; a threatened species
subtype: #lesser_ape gibbons and siamangs
subtype: #gibbon__Hylobates_lar smallest and most perfectly anthropoid arboreal ape having long arms and no tail; of southern Asia and East Indies
subtype: #siamang__Hylobates_syndactylus__Symphalangus_syndactylus large black gibbon of Sumatra having the 2nd and 3rd toes partially united by a web
subtype: #anthropoid any member of the suborder Anthropoidea including monkeys and apes and hominids
subtype: #hominoid a primate of the superfamily Hominoidea
subtype: #proconsul an anthropoid ape of the genus Proconsul
subtype: #Aegyptopithecus extinct primate of about 38 million years ago; fossils found in Egypt
subtype: #Algeripithecus_minutus tiny (150 to 300 grams) extinct primate of 46 to 50 million years ago; fossils found in Algeria; considered by some authorities the leading candidate for the first anthropoid
subtype: #hominid a primate of the family Hominidae
subtype: #human__man__homo__human_being__humanbeing any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae
subtype: #person__individual__someone__somebody__mortal__human__human_being__humanbeing__soul a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
subtype: #self a person considered as a unique individual; "one's own self"
subtype: #number_one (informal) a reference to yourself or myself etc.; "take care of number one" means to put your own interests first
subtype: #grownup__adult a fully developed person from maturity onward
subtype: #caregiver a person who is responsible for attending to the needs of a child or dependent adult
subtype: #catch.grownup__match a person regarded as a good matrimonial prospect
subtype: #centrist__middle_of_the_roader__moderate__moderationist a person who takes a position in the political center
subtype: #eccentric__character__type__case a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities); "a strange character"; "a friendly eccentric"; "the capable type"; "a mental case"
subtype: #conservative__conservativist a person who has conservative ideas or opinions
subtype: #rugged_individualist__capitalist an advocate of capitalism
subtype: #conformist someone who conforms to established standards of conduct (especially in religious matters)
subtype: #hardliner someone who is uncompromising
subtype: #minimalist.conservative a conservative who advocates only minor reforms in government or politics
subtype: #reactionary__ultraconservative__extreme_right-winger__extremerightwinger an extreme conservative; an opponent of progress or liberalism
subtype: #Bourbon a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)
subtype: #Blimp__Colonel_Blimp (British) any elderly pompous reactionary ultranationalistic person (after the cartoon character created by Sir David Low)
subtype: #rightist__right-winger__rightwinger a member of a right wing political party
subtype: #fascist an adherent of fascism or other right-wing authoritarian views
subtype: #Blackshirt a member of the Italian fascist party before World War II
subtype: #Nazi a German member of Adolf Hitler's political party
subtype: #Brownshirt a member of the German Nazi SA which wore brown uniforms
subtype: #storm_trooper__stormtrooper a member of the Nazi S.A.
instance: #Karl_Adolf_Eichmann__Eichmann__Adolf_Eichmann #Paul_Joseph_Goebbels__Goebbels__Joseph_Goebbels #Hermann_Wilhelm_Goring__Goring__Goering__Hermann_Goring__Hermann_Goering__Hermann_Wilhaelm_Goering #Walther_Richard_Rudolf_Hess__Hess__Rudolf_Hess #Heinrich_Himmler__Himmler #Adolf_Hitler__Hitler__Der_Fuhrer
subtype: #monarchist__royalist an advocate of the principles of monarchy
subtype: #Cavalier a royalist supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War
subtype: #Orleanist a supporter of the Orleans branch of the French Bourbons that was descended from a younger brother of Louis XIV
subtype: #Tory.rightist__tory a supporter of traditional political and social institutions against the forces of reform; a political conservative
subtype: #square_toes__square (informal) a formal and conservative person with old-fashioned views
subtype: #traditionalist__diehard one who adheres to traditional views
subtype: #Rip_van_Winkle.traditionalist__ripvanwinkle a person oblivious to social changes
subtype: #elder.grownup__senior a person who is older than you are
subtype: #doyen__dean a man who is the senior member of a group; "he is the dean of foreign correspondents"
subtype: #doyenne a woman who is the senior member of a group
subtype: #ex-spouse a person who was formerly a spouse
subtype: #host a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there
subtype: #hostess.host a woman host
subtype: #important_person__importantperson__influential_person__influentialperson__personage a person whose actions and opinions strongly influence the course of events
subtype: #big_shot__bigshot__big_wheel__bigwheel__head_honcho (informal) an important influential person
subtype: #famous_person__celebrity a widely known person; "he was a baseball celebrity"
subtype: #immortal a person (such as an author) of enduring fame; "Shakespeare is one of the immortals"
subtype: #social_lion__lion a celebrity who is lionized (much sought after)
subtype: #luminary__leading_light__leadinglight__guiding_light__guidinglight__notable__notability a celebrity who is an inspiration to others; "he was host to a large gathering of luminaries"
subtype: #personality.famous_person a person of considerable prominence; "she is a Hollywood personality"
subtype: #colossus__behemoth__giant__heavyweight__titan a person of exceptional importance and reputation
subtype: #elder_statesman.important_person__elderstatesman any influential person whose advice is highly respected
subtype: #Excellency a title used to address dignitaries (such as ambassadors or governors); usually preceded by Your or His or Her: "Your Excellency"
subtype: #fixer__influence_peddler__influencepeddler someone who intervenes with authorities for a person in trouble (usually using underhand or illegal methods for a fee)
subtype: #heavy_hitter__heavyhitter an influential person who works hard to promote the causes they are interested in
subtype: #high-muck-a-muck__pooh-bah an arrogant or conceited person of importance
subtype: #kingpin__top_banana__topbanana__bigwig the most important person in a group or undertaking
subtype: #magnificio a person of distinguished rank or appearance
subtype: #public_figure__name__figure a well-known or notable person; "they studied all the great names in the history of France"; "she is an important figure in modern music"
subtype: #policy_maker someone who sets the plan pursued by a government or business etc.; "policy makers often make the right decision for the wrong reason"
subtype: #power_broker__powerbroker a person who is important by virtue of the people or votes they control; "a power broker who does you a favor will expect you to return it"
subtype: #sacred_cow a person unreasonably held to be immune to criticism
subtype: #sirdar an important person in India
subtype: #socialite a socially prominent person
subtype: #sun.important_person a person considered as a source of warmth or energy or glory etc
subtype: #VIP__very_important_person__high-up__dignitary__panjandrum__high_muckamuck an important or influential (and often overbearing) person
subtype: #worthy word is often used humorously
subtype: #Jack_of_all_trades a person able to do a variety of different jobs acceptably well
subtype: #progressive__liberal a person who favors a political philosophy of progress and reform and the protection of civil liberties
subtype: #latitudinarian a person who is broad-minded and tolerant (especially in standards of religious belief and conduct)
subtype: #neoliberal a liberal who subscribes to neoliberalism
subtype: #pluralist someone who believes that distinct ethnic or cultural or religious groups can exist together in society
subtype: #Whig urged social reform in 19th century England
subtype: #liberal a person who favors an economic theory of laissez-faire and self-regulating markets
subtype: #militarist__warmonger a person who advocates war or warlike policies
subtype: #war_hawk__warhawk__hawk an advocate of an aggressive policy on foreign relations
subtype: #oldster__old_person__oldperson__senior_citizen an elderly person
subtype: #antediluvian a very old (or old fashioned) person
subtype: #centenarian someone who is at least 100 years old
subtype: #curmudgeon a crusty irascible cantankerous old person full of stubborn ideas
subtype: #dodderer one who dodders from old age and weakness
subtype: #dodo__fogy__fogey__fossil (informal) someone whose style is out of fashion
subtype: #dotard an oldster in his dotage; someone whose age has impaired his intellect
subtype: #has-been__hasbeen__back-number someone who is no longer popular
subtype: #nonagenarian someone whose age is in the nineties
subtype: #octogenarian someone whose age is in the eighties
subtype: #old_boy__oldboy a vivacious elderly man
subtype: #greybeard__old_man__graybeard__Methuselah a man who is very old
subtype: #old_codger__oldcodger__codger used affectionately to refer to an eccentric but amusing old man
subtype: #patriarch.greybeard a man who is older and higher in rank than yourself
subtype: #mossback__old-timer__oldtimer__gaffer__old_geezer__oldgeezer__antique an elderly man
subtype: #old_woman__oldwoman a woman who is old
subtype: #beldam__beldame a woman of advanced age
subtype: #granny__matriarch an old woman
subtype: #hag__beldame__crone an ugly evil-looking old woman
subtype: #mother.old_woman a term of address for an elderly woman
subtype: #septuagenarian someone whose age is in the seventies
subtype: #sexagenarian someone whose age is in the sixties
subtype: #pacifist__pacificist__disarmer someone opposed to violence as a means of settling disputes
subtype: #peacenik__dove someone who prefers negotiations to armed conflict in the conduct of foreign relations
subtype: #patrician a person of refined upbringing and manners
subtype: #pledger someone who makes or gives a pledge
subtype: #professional_person__professional a person engaged in one of the learned professions
subtype: #careerist a professional who follows a career
subtype: #career_girl a woman who follows a professional career
subtype: #career_man a man who follows a professional career
subtype: #craftsman a professional whose work is consistently of high quality; "as an actor he was a consummate craftsman"
subtype: #critic a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art
subtype: #art_critic__artcritic a critic of paintings
instance: #Roger_Eliot_Fry__Fry__Roger_Fry #John_Ruskin__Ruskin
subtype: #literary_critic a critic of literature
instance: #Matthew_Arnold__Arnold #Van_Wyck_Brooks__Brooks #John_Anthony_Ciardi__Ciardi__John_Ciardi #Jacques_Derrida__Derrida__derrida #Herman_Northrop_Frye__Frye__Northrop_Frye #William_Hazlitt__Hazlitt #Henry_Louis_Mencken__Mencken__H._L._Mencken #Ivor_Armstrong_Richards__Richards__I._A._Richards #Sir_Stephen_Harold_Spender__Spender__Stephen_Spender #Lionel_Trilling__Trilling #Carl_Clinton_Van_Doren__Van_Doren__Carl_Van_Doren #Edmund_Wilson__Wilson
subtype: #newspaper_critic__newspapercritic a critic who writes a column for the newspapers
instance: #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker #John_Orley_Allen_Tate__Tate__Allen_Tate
subtype: #educator__pedagogue someone who educates
subtype: #academic__academician__faculty_member__facultymember an educator who works at a college or university
subtype: #professor someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university
subtype: #assistant_professor__assistantprofessor a teacher or lower rank than an associate professor
subtype: #associate_professor__associateprofessor a teacher lower in rank than a full professor but higher than an assistant professor
subtype: #full_professor a professor of the highest rank
subtype: #Regius_professor holder of a British professorship created by a royal patron
subtype: #visiting_professor a professor visiting another college or university to teach for a limited time
subtype: #lector__lecturer__reader a public lecturer at certain universities
subtype: #school_principal__principal__head_teacher__head the educator who has executive authority for a school; "she sent unruly pupils to see the principal"
subtype: #chancellor (British) the honorary or titular head of a university
subtype: #headmaster__schoolmaster__master presiding officer of a school
subtype: #housemaster teacher in charge of a school boardinghouse
subtype: #headmistress a woman headmaster
subtype: #schoolmaster any person (or institution) who acts as an educator
subtype: #instructor__teacher a person whose occupation is teaching
subtype: #art_teacher__artteacher someone who teaches art
subtype: #private_instructor__privateinstructor__coach__tutor a person who gives private instruction (as in singing or acting)
subtype: #crammer.private_instructor a teacher who is paid to cram students for examinations
subtype: #demonstrator a teacher or teacher's assistant who demonstrates the principles that are being taught
subtype: #English_teacher__englishteacher__English_professor someone who teaches English
subtype: #French_teacher someone who teaches French
subtype: #governess__governes a woman entrusted with the care and supervision of a child (especially in a private home)
subtype: #instructress a woman instructor
subtype: #math_teacher__mathematics_teacher__mathematicsteacher someone who teaches mathematics
subtype: #geometry_teacher someone who teaches geometry
subtype: #missionary someone who attempts to convert others to a particular doctrine or program
instance: #David_Livingstone__Livingstone #Marcus_Whitman__Whitman #Saint_Francis_Xavier__Xavier
subtype: #music_teacher__musicteacher someone who teaches music
subtype: #piano_teacher__pianoteacher someone who teaches students to play the piano
subtype: #preceptor__don (British) teacher at a university of college (especially at Cambridge or Oxford)
subtype: #reading_teacher__readingteacher someone who teaches students to read
subtype: #riding_master someone who teaches horsemanship
subtype: #schoolteacher__school_teacher a teacher in a school below the college level
subtype: #games-master__gamesmaster__games-mistress the teacher in charge of games at a school
subtype: #schoolmarm__schoolmistress__mistress a woman schoolteacher
instance: #John_Thomas_Scopes__Scopes__John_Scopes
subtype: #science_teacher__scienceteacher someone who teaches science
subtype: #section_man__sectionman someone who teaches a section of a large college course
subtype: #catechist one who instructs catechumens in preparation for baptism
subtype: #teaching_fellow a graduate student with teaching responsibilities
instance: #Mary_McLeod_Bethune__Bethune #Louis_Braille__Braille #Dale_Carnegie__Carnegie #John_Amos_Comenius__Comenius__Jan_Amos_Komensky #John_Dewey__Dewey #Friedrich_Wilhelm_August_Froebel__Froebel__Friedrich_Froebel #Thomas_Hopkins_Gallaudet__Gallaudet #Mark_Hopkins__Hopkins #Robert_Maynard_Hutchins__Hutchins #Lucy_Craft_Laney__Laney #Abbott_Lawrence_Lowell__Lowell #Horace_Mann__Mann #William_Holmes_McGuffey__McGuffey #Montessori__Maria_Montesorri #James_Naismith__Naismith #Carl_Orff__Orff #Elizabeth_Palmer_Peabody__Peabody__peabody__elizabethpeabody #Sir_Isaac_Pitman__Pitman #Anne_Mansfield_Sullivan__Sullivan__Anne_Sullivan #Booker_Taliaferro_Washington__Washington__Booker_T._Washington #Andrew_Dickson_White__White__Andrew_D._White #Emma_Hart_Willard__Willard #John_Witherspoon__Witherspoon
subtype: #health_professional__health_care_provider__caregiver a person who helps in identifying or preventing or treating illness or disability
subtype: #bonesetter someone (not necessarily a licensed physician) who sets broken bones
subtype: #electrologist someone skilled in the use of electricity to remove moles or warts or hair roots
subtype: #medical_assistant__medicalassistant a person trained to assist medical professionals
subtype: #medical_practitioner__medicalpractitioner__medical_man__medicalman someone who practices medicine
subtype: #dentist__tooth_doctor__toothdoctor__dental_practitioner a person qualified to practice dentistry
subtype: #dental_surgeon a dentist qualified to perform surgical procedures
subtype: #endodontist a dentist specializing in diseases of the dental pulp and nerve
subtype: #exodontist a dentist specializing in the extraction of teeth
subtype: #orthodontist a dentist specializing in the prevention or correction of irregularities of the teeth
subtype: #pedodontist a dentist who specializes in the care of children's teeth
subtype: #periodontist a dentist specializing in diseases of the gums and other structure surrounding the teeth
subtype: #prosthodontist a dentist who is expert in prosthodontics
subtype: #doc__physician__MD__Dr.__medico a licensed medical practitioner; "I felt so bad I went to see my doctor"
subtype: #abortionist a person (who should be a doctor) who terminates pregnancies
subtype: #allergist a physician skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of allergies
subtype: #angiologist a physician who specializes in angiology
subtype: #medical_extern__medicalextern__extern a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there
subtype: #gastroenterologist a physician who specializes in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
subtype: #general_practitioner__generalpractitioner__GP a physician who is not a specialist but treats all illnesses
subtype: #country_doctor__countrydoctor a doctor who practices in the country (rather than in a city) usually remote from a modern hospital; "do country doctors still make house calls?"
subtype: #family_doctor a general practitioner who treats all the family members
subtype: #house_physician__housephysician__resident__resident_physician a physician (especially an intern) who lives in a hospital and cares for hospitalized patients under the supervision of the medical staff of the hospital
subtype: #medical_intern__medicalintern__intern__interne__houseman an advanced student or graduate in medicine gaining supervised practical experience (`houseman' is a British term)
subtype: #quack an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice
subtype: #medical_specialist__medicalspecialist__specialist practices one branch of medicine
subtype: #anesthesiologist__anesthetist__anaesthetist a specialist who administers an anesthetic to a patient before he is treated
subtype: #baby_doctor__pediatrician__pediatrist__paediatrician a specialist in the care of babies
instance: #Harold_Hirschsprung__Hirschsprung #Benjamin_Spock__Spock
subtype: #cardiologist__heart_specialist__heartspecialist__heart_surgeon__heartsurgeon a specialist in cardiology; a specialist in the structure and function and disorders of the heart
subtype: #chiropodist__foot_doctor__podiatrist a specialist in care for the feet
subtype: #dermatologist__skin_doctor a doctor who specializes in the physiology and pathology of the skin
subtype: #diagnostician__pathologist a doctor who specializes in medical diagnosis
subtype: #etiologist__aetiologist a specialist in the etiology of diseases
instance: #Sir_Howard_Walter_Florey__Florey__Howard_Florey #Karl_Landsteiner__Landsteiner #Sir_James_Paget__Paget #Francis_Peyton_Rous__Rous__Peyton_Rous #Rudolf_Karl_Virchow__Virchow__Rudolf_Virchow
subtype: #diplomate medical specialist whose competence has been certified by a diploma granted by an appropriate professional group
subtype: #ear_doctor__eardoctor__ear_specialist__earspecialist__otologist a physician who specializes in the ear and its diseases
instance: #Prosper_Meniere__Meniere
subtype: #endocrinologist physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the endocrine system
instance: #Henry_Hubert_Turner__Turner
subtype: #ENT_man__ear-nose-and-throat_doctor__otolaryngologist__otorhinolaryngologist__rhinolaryngologist a specialist in the disorders of the ear or nose or throat
subtype: #gerontologist__geriatrician a specialist in gerontology
subtype: #gynecologist__gynaecologist__woman's_doctor__woman'sdoctor a specialist in gynecology
subtype: #hematologist__haematologist a doctor who specializes in diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
subtype: #internist a specialist in internal medicine
subtype: #neurologist__brain_doctor__braindoctor a medical specialist in the nervous system and the disorders affecting it
instance: #Jean_Martin_Charcot__Charcot__charcot #Harvery_Williams_Cushing__Cushing__Harvey_Cushing #Sigmund_Freud__Freud #Baron_Richard_von_Krafft-Ebing__Krafft-Ebing__Richard_von_Krafft-Ebing #Georges_Gilles_de_la_Tourette__Tourette__Gilles_de_la_Tourette #Karl_Wernicke__Wernicke
subtype: #obstetrician__accoucheur a physician specializing in obstetrics
subtype: #perinatologist an obstetrician specializing in perinatology
subtype: #oncologist a specialist in oncology
subtype: #ophthalmologist__eye_doctor__eyedoctor__oculist a medical doctor specializing in the treatment of diseases of the eye
instance: #Hermann_Snellen__Snellen
subtype: #orthopedist__orthopaedist a specialist in correcting deformities of the skeletal system (especially in children)
subtype: #orthoptist a specialist in orthoptics
subtype: #proctologist a doctor specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus
subtype: #psychiatrist__head-shrinker__shrink a physician who specializes in psychiatry
subtype: #alienist a psychiatrist and specialist in the legal aspects of mental illness
subtype: #psychoanalyst__analyst a licensed practitioner of psychoanalysis
instance: #Sigmund_Freud__Freud #Melanie_Klein__Klein
instance: #Karl_Theodor_Jaspers__Jaspers__Karl_Jaspers #Charles_Frederick_Menninger__Menninger__Charles_Menninger #Karl_Augustus_Menninger__Menninger__Karl_Menninger #William_Claire_Menninger__Menninger__William_Menninger #Harry_Stack_Sullivan__Sullivan
subtype: #radiographer a person who makes radiographs
subtype: #radiologist a medical specialist who uses radioactive substances and X-rays in the treatment of disease
subtype: #rheumatologist a physician specializing in rheumatic diseases
subtype: #urologist a specialist in urology
subtype: #operating_surgeon__operatingsurgeon__surgeon__sawbones a physician who specializes in surgery
subtype: #amputator a surgeon who remove part or all of a limb
subtype: #cosmetic_surgeon__plastic_surgeon__plasticsurgeon a surgeon who beautifies the body (especially the face)
subtype: #neurosurgeon__brain_surgeon__brainsurgeon someone who does surgery on the nervous system (especially the brain)
instance: #Alexis_Carrel__Carrel #Michael_Ellis_De_Bakey__De_Bakey #William_Crawford_Gorgas__Gorgas #Joseph_Lister__Lister__Baron_Lister #James_Parkinson__Parkinson #Walter_Reed__Reed
subtype: #veterinarian__veterinary__veterinary_surgeon__vet a doctor who practices veterinary medicine
subtype: #horse_doctor__horsedoctor a veterinarian who treats horses
instance: #Robert_Barany__Barany #Sir_David_Bruce__Bruce__David_Bruce #Burrill_Bernard_Crohn__Crohn #John_L._H._Down__Down #Christiaan_Eijkman__Eijkman #Etienne-Louis_Arthur_Fallot__etiennelouisarthurfallot__Fallot #William_Gilbert__Gilbert #William_Harvey__Harvey #Thomas_Hodgkin__Hodgkin #Aletta_Jacobs__Jacobs #Edward_Jenner__Jenner #Harry_F._Klinefelter__Klinefelter__Harry_Fitch_Kleinfelter #Clemence_Sophia_Harned_Lozier__Lozier #Sir_Patrick_Manson__Manson #Friedrich_Anton_Mesmer__Mesmer__Franz_Anton_Mesmer #Philippus_Aureolus_Paracelsus__Paracelsus__Theophrastus_Philippus_Aureolus_Bombastus_von_Hohenheim #Peter_Mark_Roget__Roget #Sir_Ronald_Ross__Ross #Benjamin_Rush__Rush #Albert_Schweitzer__Schweitzer #Anna_Howard_Shaw__Shaw #Sir_James_Young_Simpson__Simpson #Thomas_Sydenham__Sydenham__The_English_Hippocrates #Erik_Adolf_von_Willebrand__Willebrand__von_Willebrand__E._A._von_Willebrand
subtype: #inoculator__vaccinator a medical practitioner who inoculates people against diseases
subtype: #medical_officer__medicalofficer__medic a medical practitioner in the armed forces
subtype: #flight_surgeon a medical officer specializing in aviation medicine
subtype: #surgeon_general the senior medical officer in an army or navy
instance: #Hippocrates
subtype: #nurse one skilled in caring for the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician)
subtype: #graduate_nurse__trained_nurse__trainednurse someone who has completed the course of study (including hospital practice) at a nurses training school
subtype: #licensed_practical_nurse__LPN__practical_nurse__practicalnurse a nurse who has enough training to be licensed by a state to provide routine care for the sick
subtype: #head_nurse__matron a woman in charge of nursing in a medical institution
subtype: #midwife__accoucheuse a woman skilled in aiding the delivery of babies
subtype: #probationer__student_nurse__studentnurse a nurse in training who is undergoing a trial period
subtype: #registered_nurse__RN a graduate nurse who has passed examinations for registration
subtype: #nurse-midwife__nursemidwife a registered nurse who has received special training as a midwife
subtype: #nurse_practitioner__nursepractitioner__NP__nurse_clinician__nurseclinician a registered nurse who has received special training and can perform many of the duties of a physician
subtype: #scrub_nurse__scrubnurse a nurse who helps a surgeon prepare for surgery
subtype: #visiting_nurse a nurse who is paid to visit the sick in their homes
instance: #Edith_Louisa_Cavell__Cavell__Edith_Cavell #Florence_Nightingale__Nightingale__the_Lady_with_the_Lamp #Margaret_Higgins_Sanger__Sanger__Margaret_Sanger
subtype: #pharmacist__druggist__chemist__pill_pusher__pill_roller a health professional trained in the art of preparing and dispensing drugs
subtype: #pharmacologist__pharmaceutical_chemist someone trained in the science of drugs (their composition and uses and effects)
instance: #Otto_Loewi__Loewi
subtype: #lawyer__attorney a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice
subtype: #advocate__counsel__counselor__counsellor__counselor-at-law__pleader a lawyer who pleads cases in court
subtype: #ambulance_chaser__ambulancechaser a lawyer who incites accident victims to sue
subtype: #barrister a British lawyer who speaks in the higher courts of law
subtype: #Counsel_to_the_Crown a barrister selected to serve as counsel to the British ruler
subtype: #King's_Counsel Counsel to the Crown when the British monarch is a king
subtype: #Queen's_Counsel Counsel to the Crown when the British monarch is a queen
subtype: #serjeant-at-law__serjeant__sergeant-at-law__sergeant an English barrister of the highest rank
subtype: #conveyancer a lawyer who specializes in the business of conveying properties
subtype: #defense_attorney__defenseattorney__defenselawyer the lawyer representing the defendant
subtype: #divorce_lawyer__divorcelawyer a lawyer specializing in actions for divorce or annulment
subtype: #prosecutor__prosecuting_officer__prosecutingofficer__prosecuting_attorney__prosecutingattorney a lawyer who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state
subtype: #district_attorney__DA an official prosecutor for a judicial district
subtype: #state's_attorney__state'sattorney__state_attorney__stateattorney a prosecuting attorney for a state
subtype: #public_defender a lawyer who represents indigent defendants at public expense
subtype: #solicitor a British lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents
subtype: #law_agent__lawagent a solicitor holding a certificate from the Law Society of Scotland
subtype: #trial_attorney__trialattorney__trial_lawyer__triallawyer a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law
instance: #William_Jennings_Bryan__Bryan__the_Great_Commoner__The_Boy_Orator_of_the_Platte #Clarence_Seward_Darrow__Darrow__Clarence_Darrow #Arthur_Garfield_Hays__Hays #William_Harrison_Hays__Hays__Will_Hays #John_Edgar_Hoover__Hoover__J._Edgar_Hoover #Francis_Scott_Key__Key #President_Lincoln__Lincoln__Abraham_Lincoln
subtype: #librarian__bibliothec a professional person trained in library science and engaged in library services
subtype: #cataloger__cataloguer a librarian who classifies publication according to a categorial system
subtype: #practitioner__practician someone who practices a learned profession
subtype: #clinician a practitioner (of medicine or psychology) who does clinical work instead of laboratory experiments
subtype: #homeopath__homoeopath a practitioner of homeopathy
subtype: #publisher a person engaged in publishing periodicals or books or music
instance: #Karl_Baedeker__Baedeker #Henry_Oscar_Houghton__Houghton #Henry_Robinson_Luce__Luce__Henry_Luce #Keith_Rupert_Murdoch__Murdoch__Rupert_Murdoch #Adolph_Simon_Ochs__Ochs
subtype: #yuppie a young upwardly mobile professional person; someone under 40 who prospered during the 1980s
subtype: #sobersides a serious and sedate individual
subtype: #sophisticate__man_of_the_world a worldly-wise person
subtype: #city_slicker__city_boy a city dweller with sophisticated manners
subtype: #cosmopolitan__cosmopolite a sophisticated person who has travelled in many countries
subtype: #globetrotter__world_traveler__worldtraveler someone who travels widely and often
subtype: #stay-at-home__homebody a person who seldom goes anywhere; one not given to wandering or travel
subtype: #stoic__unemotional_person__unemotionalperson someone who is seemingly indifferent to emotions
subtype: #thoroughbred a well-bred person
subtype: #adventurer__venturer a person who enjoys taking risks
subtype: #argonaut someone engaged in a dangerous but potentially rewarding adventure
subtype: #adventuress a woman adventurer
subtype: #cowboy someone who is reckless or irresponsible (especially in driving vehicles)
subtype: #daredevil__madcap__hothead__swashbuckler__lunatic__harum-scarum__harumscarum a reckless impetuous irresponsible person
subtype: #tearaway (British) a reckless and impetuous person
subtype: #risk_taker__gambler someone who risks loss or injury in the hope of gain or excitement
subtype: #hotspur a rash or impetuous person
subtype: #mercenary__soldieroffortune a person hired to fight for another country than their own
subtype: #mountaineer__mountain_climber someone who climbs mountains
subtype: #alpinist a mountain climber who specializes in difficult climbs
instance: #Sir_Edmund_Percival_Hillary__Hillary__Edmund_Hillary__Sir_Edmund_Hillary #Tenzing_Norgay
subtype: #parachutist__parachuter a person who jumps from aircraft using a parachute
subtype: #plunger__speculator someone who risks losses for the possibility of considerable gains
subtype: #hedger.plunger someone who counterbalances one transaction (as a bet) against another in order to protect against loss
subtype: #operator.plunger a speculator who trades aggressively on stock or commodity markets
subtype: #scalper someone who buys something and resells it at a price far above the initial cost; "he got theater tickets through a scalper"
subtype: #ticket_tout__tout (British) someone who buys tickets to an event in order to resell them at a profit
subtype: #venture_capitalist__venturecapitalist a speculator who makes money available for innovative projects (especially in high technology)
instance: #Giovanni_Jacopo_Casanova_de_Seingalt__Casanova__Giovanni_Jacopo_Casanova__Casanova_de_Seingalt
subtype: #unusual_person__unusualperson__anomaly a person who is unusual
subtype: #anachronism.unusual_person a person who seems to be displaced in time; who belongs to another age
subtype: #aberrant one whose behavior departs substantially from the norm of a group
subtype: #albino a person with albinism: white hair and pink eyes and milky skin
subtype: #automaton__zombi__zombie someone who acts or responds in a mechanical or apathetic way; "only an automaton wouldn't have noticed"
subtype: #eccentric_person__eccentricperson__oddball a person with an unusual or odd personality
subtype: #crackpot__crank__nut__nutcase__fruitcake__screwball a whimsically eccentric person
subtype: #goliath__giant__behemoth__monster__colossus someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful
subtype: #Jekyll_and_Hyde__jekyllandhyde someone with two personalities - one good and one evil
subtype: #kook__odd_fellow__oddfellow__odd_fish__oddfish__queer_bird__queerbird__queer_duck__queerduck__odd_man_out__oddmanout someone regarded as eccentric or crazy and standing out from a group
subtype: #misfit someone unable to adapt to their circumstances
subtype: #anthropoid.misfit__ape person who resembles a non-human primate
subtype: #dork__jerk a dull stupid fatuous person
subtype: #addle-head__addlehead__loon__birdbrain a person with confused ideas; incapable of serious thought
subtype: #rare_bird__rara_avis a rare or unique person
subtype: #transsexual.unusual_person a person who has undergone a sex change operation
subtype: #ugly_duckling an ugly or unpromising child who grows into a beautiful or worthy person
subtype: #applicant__applier a person who requests or seeks something such as assistance or employment or admission
subtype: #aspirant__aspirer__wannabe an ambitious and aspiring young person; "a lofty aspirant"; "two executive hopefuls joined the firm"; "the audience was full of Madonna wannabes"
subtype: #bidder someone who makes an offer
subtype: #claimant someone who claims a benefit or right or title; "claimants of unemployment compensation"; "he was a claimant to the throne"
subtype: #Pretender a claimant to the throne or to the office of ruler (usually without just title)
subtype: #job_candidate__jobcandidate an applicant who is being considered for a job
subtype: #material.applicant a person judged suitable for admission or employment; "he was university material"; "she was vice-presidential material"
subtype: #petitioner__suppliant__supplicant one praying humbly for something: "a suppliant for her favors"
subtype: #besieger.petitioner an energetic petitioner
subtype: #postulant one submitting a request or application especially one seeking admission into a religious order
subtype: #solicitor.petitioner a petitioner who seeks contributions or trade
subtype: #possible.applicant an applicant who might be suitable
subtype: #probable an applicant likely to be chosen
subtype: #submitter someone who submits something (as an application for a job or a manuscript for publication etc.) for the judgment of others; "he was a prolific submitter of proposals"
subtype: #appointee.person__appointment a person who is appointed to a job or position
subtype: #bad_person__badperson a person who does harm to others
subtype: #wrongdoer__offender a person who transgresses moral or civil law
subtype: #abuser__maltreater someone who abuses
subtype: #attacker__aggressor__assailant__assaulter someone who attacks
subtype: #ambusher an attacker who waits in a concealed position to launch a surprise attack
subtype: #avenger__retaliator someone who takes vengeance
subtype: #beast__wolf__savage__brute__wildcat a cruelly rapacious person
subtype: #bully__tough__hooligan__ruffian__roughneck__rowdy__yob__yobo__yobbo a cruel and brutal fellow
subtype: #bullyboy a swaggering tough; usually one acting as an agent of a political faction
subtype: #muscleman a bully employed by a gangster
subtype: #skinhead a young person who belongs to a British or American group that shave their heads and gather at rock concerts or engage in white supremacist demonstrations
subtype: #tough_guy__toughguy__plug-ugly someone who bullies weaker people
subtype: #Ted__Teddy_boy (Brit) a tough youth of 1950's and 1960's wearing Edwardian style clothes
subtype: #harasser__harrier a persistent attacker; "the harassers were not members of the regular army"
subtype: #marauder__predator__vulture someone who attacks in search of booty
subtype: #night_rider__nightrider__nightrider member of a secret mounted band in United States south after the Civil War; committed acts of intimidation and revenge
subtype: #raper__rapist someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse
subtype: #shedder__spiller an attacker who sheds or spills blood; "a great hunter and spiller of blood"
subtype: #stabber someone who stabs another person
subtype: #stoner__lapidator an attacker who pelts the victim with stones (especially with intent to kill)
subtype: #convict a person convicted of a criminal offence
subtype: #first_offender__firstoffender someone convicted for the first time
subtype: #criminal__felon__crook__outlaw__malefactor someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime
subtype: #accessory__accessary someone who helps another person commit a crime
subtype: #abettor__abetter one who helps or encourages or incites another
subtype: #accessory_after_the_fact__accessoryafterthefact a person who gives assistance or comfort to someone known to be a felon or known to be sought in connection with the commission of a felony
subtype: #accessory_before_the_fact a person who procures or advises or commands the commission of a felony but who is not present at its perpetration
subtype: #accessory_during_the_fact a person who witnesses a crime but does not try to prevent it
subtype: #confederate__collaborator__henchman__partner_in_crime someone who assists in a plot
subtype: #arsonist__incendiary__firebug a criminal who illegally sets fire to property
subtype: #barnburner someone who burns down a barn
subtype: #blackmailer__extortioner__extortionist a criminal who extorts money from someone by threatening to expose embarrassing information about them
subtype: #bootlegger__moonshiner someone who makes or sells illegal liquor
subtype: #briber__suborner someone who pays (or otherwise incites) you to commit a wrongful act
subtype: #conspirator__plotter a member of a conspiracy
instance: #Guy_Fawkes__Fawkes #Titus_Oates__Oates
subtype: #desperado__desperate_criminal__desperatecriminal a bold outlaw (especially on the American frontier)
subtype: #fugitive_from_justice__fugitive someone who is sought by law officers; someone trying to elude justice
subtype: #absconder someone who runs away and hides to avoid arrest or prosecution
subtype: #escapee someone who escapes
subtype: #gangster__mobster a criminal who is a member of gang
subtype: #apache a Parisian gangster
subtype: #yardie member of an international gang of Jamaican criminals who sell drugs and violence; "A much publicized raid on a yardie stronghold had first been simulated at Riot City"
instance: #Alphonse_Capone__Capone__Al_Capone__Scarface
subtype: #highbinder a corrupt politician
subtype: #highjacker__hijacker someone who uses force to take over a vehicle (especially an airplane) in order to reach an alternative destination
subtype: #hoodlum__hood__goon__punk__thug__tough__toughie__strong-armer an aggressive and violent young criminal
subtype: #kidnapper__abductor__snatcher someone who unlawfully seizes and detains a victim (usually for ransom)
subtype: #crimper someone who tricks or coerces men into service as sailors or soldiers
subtype: #shanghaier__seizer a kidnapper who drugs men and takes them for compulsory service aboard a ship
subtype: #gangster's_moll__moll__gun_moll__gunmoll the girl friend of a gangster
subtype: #murderer__liquidator__manslayer a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)
subtype: #assassin__assassinator__bravo a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a treacherous surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed; "his assassins were hunted down like animals"; "assassinators of kings and emperors"
instance: #John_Wilkes_Booth__Booth #Lee_Harvey_Oswald__Oswald
subtype: #butcher a brutal indiscriminate murderer
subtype: #cutthroat someone who murders by cutting the victim's throat
subtype: #fratricide.murderer a person who murders their brother or sister
subtype: #gunslinger__gunman__hired_gun__hiredgun__gun__triggerman__hit_man__hitman__torpedo__shooter a professional killer who uses a gun
subtype: #hatchet_man__hatchetman__iceman a professional killer
subtype: #infanticide.murderer a person who murders an infant
subtype: #murderess__murderes a woman murderer
subtype: #parricide.murderer someone who kills his or her parent
subtype: #matricide.parricide a person who murders their mother
subtype: #patricide.parricide a person who murders their father
subtype: #ripper a murderer who slashes the victims with a knife; "Jack the ripper was probably a madman"
subtype: #serial_killer__serial_murderer someone who murders more than three victims one at a time in a relatively short interval
instance: #Jack_the_Ripper
subtype: #parolee__probationer someone released on probation or on parole
subtype: #drug_peddler__pusher__peddler__drug_dealer__drug_trafficker an unlicensed dealer in illegal drugs
subtype: #racketeer some who commits crimes for profit (especially one who obtains money by fraud or extortion)
subtype: #bagman a racketeer assigned to collect or distribute payoff money
subtype: #raper__rapist someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse
subtype: #recidivist__repeater__habitual_criminal someone who is repeatedly arrested for criminal behavior (especially for the same criminal behavior)
subtype: #scofflaw one who habitually ignores the law and does not answer court summonses
subtype: #smuggler__runner__contrabandist__mooncurser someone who imports or exports without paying duties
subtype: #gunrunner__arms-runner a smuggler of guns
subtype: #rumrunner someone who illegally smuggles liquor across a border
subtype: #thief__stealer a criminal who takes property belonging to someone else with the intention of keeping it or selling it
subtype: #bandit__brigand an armed thief who is (usually) a member of a band
subtype: #shoplifter__booster__lifter a thief who steals goods that are on display in a store
subtype: #burglar a thief who enters a building with intent to steal
subtype: #housebreaker__cat_burglar a burglar who unlawfully breaks into and enters another person's house
subtype: #dacoit__dakoit (in India and Burma) a member of an armed gang of robbers
subtype: #embezzler__peculator__defalcator someone who violates a trust by taking (money) for their own use
subtype: #body_snatcher__graverobber__ghoul someone who takes bodies from graves and sells them for anatomical dissection
subtype: #graverobber someone who steals valuables from graves or crypts
subtype: #holdup_man__stickup_man__stickupman an armed thief
subtype: #highwayman__highjacker__hijacker__road_agent a holdup man who stops a vehicle and steals from it
subtype: #footpad__padder a highwayman who robs on foot
instance: #Dick_Turpin__Turpin
subtype: #larcenist__larcener a person who commits larceny
subtype: #pickpocket__cutpurse__dip a thief who steals from the pockets or purses of others in public places
subtype: #plagiarist__plagiarizer__literarypirate__pirate someone who uses another person's words or ideas is they were his own
subtype: #plunderer__pillager__looter__spoiler__raider__freebooter someone who takes spoils or plunder (as in war)
subtype: #pirate__buccaneer__sea_robber__searobber__sea_rover__searover someone who robs at sea or plunders the land from the sea without having a commission from any sovereign nation
subtype: #Barbary_pirate__corsair a pirate along the Barbary coast
instance: #Khayr_ad-Din__Barbarossa
subtype: #sea_king__seaking a Viking pirate chief
instance: #Jean_Laffite__Laffite__Lafitte__Jean_Lafitte #Sir_Henry_Morgan__Morgan__Henry_Morgan #Bartholomew_Roberts__Roberts #Edward_Teach__Teach__Thatch__Edward_Thatch__Blackbeard
subtype: #robber a thief who steals from someone by threatening violence
subtype: #bank_robber a robber of banks
subtype: #mugger a robber who takes property by threatening or performing violence on the person who is robbed (usually on the street)
subtype: #rustler__cattle_thief someone who steals livestock (especially cattle)
subtype: #safebreaker__safecracker__cracksman a thief who breaks open safes to steal valuable contents
subtype: #snatcher a thief who grabs and runs; "a purse snatcher"
subtype: #sneak_thief__pilferer__snitcher a thief who steals without using violence
subtype: #wharf_rat.sneak_thief__wharfrat someone who lives near wharves and lives by pilfering from ships or warehouses
subtype: #traitor__treasonist someone who betrays his country by committing treason
subtype: #collaborator__collaborationist__quisling someone who collaborates with an enemy occupying force
subtype: #fifth_columnist__fifthcolumnist__saboteur a member of a clandestine subversive organization who tries to help a potential invader
subtype: #traitress__traitres female traitor
instance: #Benedict_Arnold__Arnold
subtype: #violator__lawbreaker someone who violates the law
instance: #William_H._Bonney__Bonney__Billie_the_Kid #Jesse_James__James #Robert_MacGregor__MacGregor__Rob_Roy
subtype: #deceiver__cheat__cheater__trickster__beguiler__slicker someone who leads you to believe something that is not true
subtype: #bluffer a person who tries to bluff other people
subtype: #swindler__chiseller__chiseler__gouger__scammer__sharpie a person who swindles you by means of deception or fraud
subtype: #cardsharp__cardsharper a professional card player who makes a living by cheating at card games
subtype: #clip_artist a swindler who fleeces the victim
subtype: #confidence_man__con_man__conman__con_artist__conartist a swindler who exploits the confidence of his victim
subtype: #welcher__welsher someone who swindles you by not repaying a debt or wager
subtype: #steerer__decoy a beguiler who leads someone into danger (usually as part of a plot)
subtype: #roper.steerer a decoy who lures customers into a gambling establishment (especially one with a fixed game)
subtype: #shill a decoy who acts as an enthusiastic customer in order to stimulate the participation of others
subtype: #dodger__fox__slyboot a shifty deceptive person
subtype: #double-crosser__double-dealer__two-timer__twotimer__betrayer__traitor a person who says one thing and does another
subtype: #Judas someone who betrays under the guise of friendship
subtype: #falsifier someone who falsifies
subtype: #finagler__wangler a deceiver who uses crafty misleading methods
subtype: #counterfeiter__forger someone who makes copies illegally
subtype: #coiner.counterfeiter (British) a maker of counterfeit coins
subtype: #paperhanger (informal) someone who passes bad checks or counterfeit paper money
subtype: #fortune_hunter__fortunehunter a person who seeks wealth through marriage
subtype: #front_man__frontman__front__figurehead__nominal_head__nominalhead__straw_man__strawman a person used as a cover for some questionable activity
subtype: #hypocrite__dissembler__phony__phoney__pretender a person who professes beliefs and opinions that they do not hold
subtype: #smoothie__smoothy__sweettalker someone with an assured and ingratiating manner
subtype: #Tartuffe__Tartufe a hypocrite who pretends to religious piety (after the protagonist in a play by Moliere)
subtype: #whited_sepulcher__whited_sepulchre a person who is inwardly evil but outwardly professes to be virtuous
subtype: #impersonator__imitator someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another
subtype: #mimic__mimicker someone who mimics (especially an actor or actress)
subtype: #imposter__impostor__pretender__fake__faker__fraud__sham__shammer__pseudo__pseud__role_player a person who makes deceitful pretenses
subtype: #namedropper someone who pretends that famous people are his/her friends
subtype: #ringer.imposter a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
subtype: #liar__prevaricator a person who has lied or who lies repeatedly
subtype: #perjurer__false_witness__falsewitnes a person who deliberately gives false testimony
subtype: #storyteller__fibber__fabricator someone who tells lies
instance: #Ananias
subtype: #misleader someone who leads astray (often deliberately)
subtype: #mountebank__charlatan a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes
subtype: #phrenologist__craniologist someone who claims to read your character from the shape of your skull
subtype: #quack an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice
subtype: #obscurantist a person who is deliberately vague
subtype: #sandbagger someone who deceives you about his true nature or intent in order to take advantage of you
subtype: #two-timer__twotimer someone who deceives a lover or spouse by carrying on a sexual relationship with somebody else
subtype: #utterer someone who circulates forged banknotes or counterfeit coins
subtype: #juvenile_delinquent__delinquent a young offender
subtype: #defector__deserter a person who abandons their duty (as on a military post)
subtype: #deviationist an ideological defector from the party line (especially from orthodox communism)
subtype: #draft_dodger__draftdodger__draft_evader__draftevader someone who is drafted and illegally refuses to serve
subtype: #renegade__turncoat someone who rebels and becomes and outlaw
subtype: #transgressor someone who transgresses; someone who violates a law or command; "the way of transgressors is hard"
subtype: #malfeasant one guilty of malfeasance
subtype: #nonattender__no-show__truant someone who shirks duty
subtype: #perpetrator__culprit someone who perpetrates wrongdoing
subtype: #pimp__procurer__panderer__pander__pandar__fancy_man__fancyman__ponce someone who procures customers for whores (in England they call a pimp a ponce)
subtype: #procuress__procures a woman pimp
subtype: #whoremaster__whoremonger a pimp who procures whores
subtype: #backslider__recidivist__reversionist someone who lapses into previous undesirable patterns of behavior
subtype: #reprobate__miscreant a person without moral scruples
subtype: #pervert__deviant__deviate__degenerate a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior
subtype: #fetishist one who engages in fetishism (especially of a sexual nature)
subtype: #masochist someone who obtains pleasure from receiving punishment
subtype: #flagellant.masochist a person who is whipped or whips himself for sexual gratification
subtype: #molester someone who subjects others to unwanted or improper sexual activities
subtype: #nymphomaniac__nympho a woman with abnormal sexual desires
subtype: #pederast__paederast__childmolester a man who has sex (usually sodomy) with a boy as the passive partner
subtype: #pedophile__paedophile an adult who is sexually attracted to children
subtype: #sadist someone who obtains pleasure from inflicting pain or others
subtype: #sadomasochist someone who enjoys both sadism and masochism
subtype: #satyr__lecher man with strong sexual desires
subtype: #sodomite__sodomist__sod someone who engages in anal copulation (especially a male who engages in anal copulation with another male)
subtype: #scapegrace__black_sheep__blacksheep a reckless and unprincipled reprobate
subtype: #wretch performs some wicked deed
subtype: #shark.wrongdoer a person who is ruthless and greedy and dishonest
subtype: #shyster__pettifogger a person (especially a lawyer or politician) who uses unscrupulous or unethical methods
subtype: #sinner__evildoer a person who sins (without repenting)
subtype: #magdalen a reformed prostitute
instance: #St_Mary_Magdalene__Mary_Magdalene__Mary_Magdalen__St_Mary_Magdalen
subtype: #usurper__supplanter one who wrongfully or illegally seizes and holds the place of another
subtype: #claim_jumper__claimjumper one who illegally occupies property to which another has a legal claim
subtype: #war_criminal__warcriminal an offender who violates international law during times of war
subtype: #decadent a person who has fallen into a decadent state (morally or artistically)
subtype: #destroyer__ruiner__undoer__waster__uprooter a person who destroys or ruins or lays waste to; "a destroyer of the environment"; "jealousy was his undoer"; "uprooters of gravestones"
subtype: #annihilator a total destroyer
subtype: #iconoclast__image_breaker__imagebreaker someone who tries to destroy traditional ideas or institutions
subtype: #saboteur__wrecker someone who commits sabotage or deliberately causes wrecks
subtype: #vandal someone who willfully destroys or defaces property
subtype: #libertine__debauchee__rounder a dissolute person; usually a man who is morally unrestrained
subtype: #adulterer__fornicator someone who commits adultery
subtype: #adulteress__fornicatress__hussy__jade__loose_woman__slut__strumpet a woman adulterer
subtype: #wencher someone who patronizes prostitutes
subtype: #gigolo a man who has sex with and is supported by a woman
subtype: #lounge_lizard__lizard a man who idles about in the lounges of hotels and bars in search of women who would support him
subtype: #profligate__rake__rip__blood__roue a dissolute man in fashionable society
subtype: #ladies'_man__seducer__ladykiller a man who takes advantage of women
subtype: #undoer a seducer who ruins a woman; "she awoke in the arms of her cruel undoer"
subtype: #swinger.libertine__tramp a person who engages freely in promiscuous sex
subtype: #debaucher__violator__ravisher someone who assaults others sexually
subtype: #womanizer__womaniser__philanderer a man who likes many women and has short sexual relationships with them
subtype: #Casanova any man noted for his amorous adventures
subtype: #Don_Juan a successful womanizer (after the legendary profligate Spanish nobleman)
subtype: #Lothario a successful womanizer (after a fictional seducer)
subtype: #woman_chaser__womanchaser__wolf__skirt_chaser__skirtchaser__masher a man who is aggressive in making amorous advances to women
subtype: #panderer a person who serves or caters to the vulgar passions or plans of others (especially in order to make money)
subtype: #polluter__defiler a person or organization that causes pollution of the environment
subtype: #scalawag__scallywag white Southerner supporting Reconstruction policies after the Civil War usually for self-interest
subtype: #seducer a bad person who entices others into error or wrong-doing
subtype: #shocker.bad_person a shockingly bad person
subtype: #snake_in_the_grass__snake a deceitful or treacherous person
subtype: #trampler someone who injures by trampling
subtype: #varmint__vermin an irritating or obnoxious person
subtype: #victimizer__victimiser a person who victimizes others; "I thought we were partners, not victim and victimizer"
subtype: #slaver__slave_dealer__slavedealer__slave_trader__slavetrader a person engaged in slave trade
subtype: #white_slaver__whiteslaver a person who forces women to become prostitutes
subtype: #capitalist a person who invests capital in a business (especially a large business)
subtype: #businessperson__bourgeois__bourgeoi engages in industrial commercial enterprise
subtype: #accountant__comptroller__controller someone who maintains and audits business accounts
subtype: #auditor someone who audits accounts
subtype: #bookkeeper someone who records the transactions of a business
subtype: #certified_public_accountant__CPA an accountant certified by the state
subtype: #chartered_accountant__charteredaccountant a British accountant who is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants
subtype: #cost_accountant a specialist in the systematic recording and analysis of the costs incident to production
subtype: #account_executive__accountexecutive__account_representative__accountrepresentative__registered_representative__customer's_broker__customer's_man someone in charge of a client's account for an advertising agency or brokerage or other service business
subtype: #broker__agent__factor a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission
subtype: #auctioneer an agent who conducts an auction
subtype: #insurance_broker__insurancebroker__insurance_agent__insuranceagent__general_agent__generalagent an agent who sells insurance
subtype: #investment_banker__underwriter a banker who deals chiefly in underwriting new securities
subtype: #killer_bee an investment banker who devises strategies to make a target company less attractive for takeover
subtype: #realtor__real_estate_broker__real_estate_agent__estate_agent__land_agent__house_agent__houseagent a person who is authorized to act as an agent for the sale of land; "in England they call a realtor a land agent"
subtype: #ship_broker an agent for the ship owner; obtains cargo and may arrange for its loading or discharge
subtype: #stockbroker an agent in the buying and selling of stocks and bonds
subtype: #syndic one appointed to represent a city or university or corporation in business transactions
subtype: #travel_agent someone who sells or arranges trips or tours for customers
subtype: #businessman__man_of_affairs a person engaged in commercial or industrial business (especially an owner or executive)
subtype: #arbitrageur__arbitrager__arb someone who engages in arbitrage (who purchases securities in one market for immediate resale in another in the hope of profiting from the price differential)
subtype: #baron__big_businessman__bigbusinessman__business_leader__king__magnate__mogul__power__top_executive__topexecutive__tycoon a very wealthy or powerful businessman: "an oil baron"
subtype: #oil_tycoon__oiltycoon a powerful person in the oil business
subtype: #businesswoman a female businessman
subtype: #brothel_keeper__brothelkeeper__madam a woman who runs a house of prostitution
subtype: #industrialist someone who manages or has significant financial interest in an industrial enterprise
instance: #Andrew_Carnegie__Carnegie #Peter_Cooper__Cooper #Glenn_Hammond_Curtiss__Curtiss__Glenn_Curtiss #Gottlieb_Daimler__Daimler #John_Deere__Deere #George_Eastman__Eastman #Henry_Ford__Ford #Edsel_Bryant_Ford__Ford #Henry_Ford_II__Ford #Henry_Clay_Frick__Frick #Gillette__King_Camp_Gilette #Meyer_Guggenheim__Guggenheim #Henry_John_Heinz__Heinz #William_Henry_Hoover__Hoover__William_Hoover #Howard_Robard_Hughes__Hughes__Howard_Hughes #Friedrich_Krupp__Krupp #Edwin_Herbert_Land__Land__Din_Land #First_Viscount_Nuffield__Nuffield__William_Richard_Morris #Wilhelm_von_Opel__Opel #Elisha_Graves_Otis__Otis #Robert_Owen__Owen #Sri_Frederick_Handley_Page__Page #John_Davison_Rockefeller__Rockefeller__John_D._Rockefeller #Igor_Ivanovich_Sikorsky__Sikorsky__Igor_Sikorsky #Ernest_Solvay__Solvay
subtype: #oilman.businessman a person who owns or operates oil wells
subtype: #wildcatter an oilman who drills exploratory wells in territory not known to be an oil field
subtype: #operator.businessman someone who owns or operates a business; "who is the operator of this franchise?"
subtype: #supermarketer an operator of a supermarket
subtype: #proprietor__owner someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business; "he is the owner of a chain of restaurants"
subtype: #bookseller the proprietor of a bookstore
subtype: #lessor__lease_giver__leasegiver someone who grants a lease
subtype: #letter.proprietor owner who lets another person use something (housing usually) for hire
subtype: #patronne__patron (Italian) the proprietor of an inn
subtype: #innkeeper__host the owner or manager of an inn
subtype: #hostess a woman innkeeper
subtype: #padrone.innkeeper an owner or proprietor of an inn in Italy
subtype: #victualer__victualler an innkeeper (especially British)
subtype: #proprietress a woman proprietor
subtype: #newspaper_publisher__newspaperpublisher__publisher the proprietor of a newspaper
subtype: #press_lord__presslord a powerful newspaper proprietor
instance: #1st_Baron_Beaverbrook__Beaverbrook__William_Maxwell_Aitken #Alfred_Charles_William_Harmsworth__Harmsworth__Viscount_Northcliffe #Benjamin_Harris__Harris #William_Randolph_Hearst__Hearst #Joseph_Pulitzer__Pulitzer #James_Edmund_Scripps__Scripps #Edward_Wyllis_Scripps__Scripps
subtype: #renter an owner who receives payment for the use of their property by another
subtype: #restaurateur__restauranter the proprietor of a restaurant
subtype: #saloon_keeper the proprietor of a saloon
subtype: #small_businessman__smallbusinessman a businessman who runs a business employing less than 100 people
subtype: #concessionaire__concessioner someone who holds or operates a concession
subtype: #syndicator a businessman who forms a syndicate
subtype: #transactor someone who conducts or carries on business or negotiations
instance: #Ezra_Cornell__Cornell #Edward_Henry_Harriman__Harriman__E._H._Harriman #James_Jerome_Hill__Hill__J._J._Hill #Collis_Potter_Huntington__Huntington #First_Baron_Marks_of_Broughton__Marks__Simon_Marks #David_Sarnoff__Sarnoff #Leland_Stanford__Stanford #George_Stephenson__Stephenson #Henry_Villard__Villard #John_Wanamaker__Wanamaker #Asron_Montgomery_Ward__Ward__Montgomery_Ward #Frank_Winfield_Woolworth__Woolworth #Rudolf_Wurlitzer__Wurlitzer
subtype: #entrepreneur__enterpriser someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it
instance: #William_Henry_Gates__Gates__Bill_Gates #Sir_Clive_Marles_Sinclair__Sinclair__Clive_Sinclair
subtype: #exporter a businessperson who transports goods abroad (for sale)
subtype: #importer someone whose business involves importing goods from outside (especially from a foreign country)
subtype: #merchant__merchandiser a businessperson engaged in retail trade
subtype: #baker someone who bakes commercially
subtype: #bookdealer__book_seller a dealer in books; a merchant who sells books
subtype: #meatman__butcher a retailer of meat
subtype: #pork_butcher (British) a vendor of pork and products made from pork
subtype: #clothier__haberdasher a merchant who sells men's clothing
subtype: #fishmonger__fishwife someone who sells fish
subtype: #grain_merchant__grainmerchant a merchant who deals in food grains
subtype: #grocer a retail merchant who sells foodstuffs (and some household supplies)
subtype: #greengrocer (British) a grocer who sells fresh fruits and vegetables
subtype: #ironmonger__hardwareman someone who sells hardware; "in England they call a hardwareman an ironmonger"
subtype: #jeweler__jeweller someone in the business of selling jewelry
subtype: #milliner a merchant who designs and sells hats
subtype: #poultryman__poulterer a dealer in poultry and poultry products
subtype: #retailer__retail_merchant a merchant who sells goods at retail
subtype: #chandler.retailer a retail dealer in provisions and supplies
subtype: #ship's_chandler a dealer in sails and ropes and other supplies for sailing ships
subtype: #licensee__licencee someone to who a license is granted
subtype: #rug_merchant__rugmerchant a merchant who sells rugs
subtype: #salt_merchant__salter someone who makes or deals in salt
subtype: #schlockmeister__shlockmeister (slang) a merchant who deals in shoddy or inferior merchandise
subtype: #seller__marketer__vender__vendor__trafficker someone who promotes or exchanges goods or services for money
subtype: #ticket_agent__booking_clerk someone who sells tickets (e.g., theater seats or travel accommodations)
subtype: #cosmetician someone who sells or applies cosmetics
subtype: #flower_girl.seller__flowergirl a woman who sells flowers in the street
subtype: #fruiterer (British) a person who sells fruit
subtype: #cheap-jack__cheapjack__huckster a seller of shoddy goods
subtype: #costermonger__barrow-man__barrow-boy a hawker of fruit and vegetables from a barrow
subtype: #pedlar__peddler__packman__hawker__pitchman someone who travels about selling his wares (as on the streets or at carnivals)
subtype: #chapman archaic term for an itinerant peddler
subtype: #muffin_man (British) formerly an itinerant peddler of muffins
subtype: #sandboy (British) a peddler of sand at a seashore resort; used now only to express great happiness in the expression "happy as a sandboy"
subtype: #selling_agent__sellingagent someone who sells goods (on commission) for others
subtype: #trafficker__dealer a seller of illicit goods; "a trafficker in stolen cars"
subtype: #drug_peddler__pusher__peddler__drug_dealer__drug_trafficker an unlicensed dealer in illegal drugs
subtype: #underseller a seller that sells at a lower price than others do; "he went all over town looking for undersellers"
subtype: #shopkeeper__tradesman__storekeeper__market_keeper a merchant who owns or manages a shop
subtype: #dry_cleaner__drycleaner__cleaner the operator of dry-cleaning establishment
subtype: #florist someone who grows and deals in flowers; "the florist made up an attractive bouquet"
subtype: #hosier a tradesman who sells hosiery (and (in England) knitwear)
subtype: #newsagent__newsdealer__newsvendor__newsstand_operator__newsstandoperator someone who sells newspapers
subtype: #tobacconist a retail dealer in tobacco and tobacco-related articles
subtype: #stationer__stationeryseller a merchant who sells writing materials and office supplies
subtype: #trader__bargainer__dealer__monger someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold
subtype: #art_dealer__artdealer a dealer in works of art requiring esthetic evaluation
subtype: #print_seller__printseller someone who sells etchings and engravings etc.
subtype: #barterer a trader who exchanges goods and not money
subtype: #bibliopole__bibliopolist a dealer in secondhand books (especially rare or curious books)
subtype: #cutler a dealer in cutlery
subtype: #draper a dealer in fabrics and sewing materials (and sometimes in clothing and drygoods)
subtype: #linendraper (British) a retail dealer in yard goods
subtype: #fence (informal) a dealer in stolen property
subtype: #horse_trader__horsetrader a hard bargainer
subtype: #mercer (British) a dealer in textiles (especially silks)
subtype: #seedsman__seedman a dealer in seeds
subtype: #slopseller (British) a dealer in cheap ready-made clothing
subtype: #stamp_dealer__stampdealer a dealer in stamps (whose customers are stamp collectors)
subtype: #stock_trader__stocktrader someone who buys and sells stock shares
subtype: #profit_taker someone who sells stock shares at a profit
subtype: #stockjobber (British) one who deals only with brokers or other jobbers
subtype: #merchant-venturer__venturer a merchant who undertakes a trading venture (especially a venture that sends goods overseas)
subtype: #vintner__wine_merchant someone who sells wine
instance: #Charles_Henry_Harrod__Harrod #Charles_Digby_Harrod__Harrod
subtype: #shipper.businessperson someone who ships goods
subtype: #consigner__consignor the person who delivers over or commits merchandise
subtype: #supplier__provider someone whose business is to supply a particular service or commodity
subtype: #black_marketeer__blackmarketeer someone who engages illegally in trade in scarce or controlled commodities
subtype: #caterer someone who provides food and service (as for a party)
subtype: #connection.supplier a supplier (especially of narcotics)
subtype: #dispenser.supplier a person who dispenses
subtype: #distributor__distributer someone who markets merchandise
subtype: #jobber__middleman__wholesaler someone who buys large quantities of goods and resells to merchants rather than to the ultimate customers
subtype: #meat_packer__packer a wholesaler in the meat-packing business
instance: #Gustavus_Franklin_Swift__Swift
subtype: #ship_chandler a dealer in equipment and supplies for ships
subtype: #wool_stapler a dealer in wool
subtype: #purveyor someone who supplies provisions (especially food)
subtype: #recruiter.supplier someone who supplies members or employees
subtype: #headhunter (informal) a recruiter of personnel (especially for corporations)
subtype: #talent_scout__scout someone employed to discover and recruit talented persons (especially in the worlds of entertainment or sports)
subtype: #stockist one (as a retailer or distributor) that stocks goods
subtype: #sutler__victualer__victualler__provisioner a supplier of victuals or supplies to an army
subtype: #financier__moneyman a person skilled in large scale financial transactions
subtype: #banker someone who owns or is an executive in a bank
subtype: #cashier__teller__bank_clerk an employee of a bank who receives and pays out money
instance: #Rothschild
subtype: #city_man a financier who works in one of the banks in the City of London
subtype: #principal.financier__dealer the major party to a financial transaction; buys and sells for his own account
subtype: #broker-dealer a financial specialist who trades for his own account and so acts both as a broker and principal
instance: #James_Buchanan_Brady__Brady__Diamond_Jim_Brady__Diamond_Jim #Jay_Cooke__Cooke #Cosimo_de_Medici__Cosimo_the_Elder #Stephen_Girard__Girard #Jay_Gould__Gould #Sir_Thomas_Gresham__Gresham #William_Averell_Harriman__Harriman__Averell_Harriman #Hopkins__Johns_Hopkins #Andrew_William_Mellon__Mellon__Andrew_Mellon__Andrew_W._Mellon #John_Pierpont_Morgan__Morgan__J._P._Morgan #Robert_Morris__Morris #Cecil_John_Rhodes__Rhodes__Cecil_Rhodes__Cecil_J._Rhodes #Haym_Salomon__Salomon #Cornelius_Vanderbilt__Vanderbilt__Commodore_VAnderbilt
subtype: #holder.capitalist__bearer the person who is in possession of a check or note or bond or document of title that is endorsed to him or to whoever holds it; "the bond was marked `payable to bearer'"
subtype: #ticket_holder holder of a ticket (for admission or for passage)
subtype: #accumulator__collector__gatherer a person who is employed to collect payments (as for rent or taxes)
subtype: #conductor.accumulator the person who collects fares on a public conveyance
subtype: #conductress__conductres a woman conductor
subtype: #gleaner someone who gathers something in small pieces (e.g. information) slowly and carefully
subtype: #rent_collector a person who goes from house to house collecting rents for the owner
instance: #Isabella_Stewart_Gardner__Gardner
subtype: #tenant a holder of buildings or lands by any kind of title (as ownership or lease)
subtype: #cotenant one of two or more tenants holding title to the same property
subtype: #life_tenant a tenant whose legal right to retain possession of buildings or lands lasts as long as they (or some other person) lives
subtype: #tenant_farmer a farmer who works land owned by someone else
subtype: #investor someone who commits capital in order to gain financial returns
subtype: #contrarian an investor who deliberately decides to go against the prevailing wisdom of other investors
subtype: #bear.investor an investor with a pessimistic market outlook
subtype: #bondholder a holder of bonds issued by a government or corporation
subtype: #bull.investor an investor with an optimistic market outlook
subtype: #caller.investor an investor who buys a call option
subtype: #depositor a person who has deposited money in a bank or similar institution
subtype: #withdrawer a depositor who withdraws funds previously deposited
subtype: #lender__loaner someone who lends money or gives credit in business matters
subtype: #creditor a lender to whom money is owed
subtype: #mortgagee__mortgageholder the person who accepts a mortgage; "the bank became our mortgagee when it accepted our mortgage on our new home"
subtype: #pawnbroker a person who lends money at interest in exchange for personal property that is deposited as security
subtype: #usurer__loan_shark__moneylender__shylock someone who lends money at excessive rates of interest
subtype: #rentier someone whose income is from property rents or bond interest and other investments
subtype: #stockholder__shareholder__shareowner someone who holds shares of stock in a corporation
subtype: #stockholder_of_record the stockholder whose name is registered on the books of the corporation as owning the shares at a particular time
subtype: #materialist someone with great regard for worldly possessions
subtype: #moneymaker someone who is successful in accumulating wealth
subtype: #moneygrubber someone whose main interest in life is moneymaking
subtype: #profiteer someone who makes excessive profit (especially on goods in short supply)
instance: #John_Jacob_Astor__Astor
subtype: #captor__capturer a person who captures and holds people or animals
subtype: #kidnapper__abductor__snatcher someone who unlawfully seizes and detains a victim (usually for ransom)
subtype: #surpriser a captor who uses surprise to capture the victim
subtype: #changer__modifier a person who changes something; "an inveterate changer of the menu"
subtype: #adulterator a changer who lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance
subtype: #normalizer__normaliser a person who normalizes
subtype: #standardizer__standardiser a person who sets a standard for things to conform to
subtype: #commoner__common_man__common_person a person who holds no title
subtype: #bourgeois__bourgeoi__burgher a member of the middle class
subtype: #petit_bourgeois__petitbourgeoi a member of the lower middle class
subtype: #nobody__cipher__cypher__nonentity a person of no influence
subtype: #pip-squeak__pipsqueak__squirt__small_fry__smallfry someone who is small and insignificant
subtype: #whippersnapper__jackanapes__lightweight someone who is unimportant but cheeky and presumptuous
subtype: #everyman the ordinary person
subtype: #Joe_Blow__John_Doe__Joe_Bloggs__man_in_the_street a hypothetical average man
subtype: #layman__layperson someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person
subtype: #lay_reader__layreader a layman authorized to read sermons
subtype: #plebeian__pleb one of the common people
subtype: #philistine__lowbrow a person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits
subtype: #proletarian__prole__worker a member of the working class (not necessarily employed); "workers of the world--unite!"
subtype: #rustic an unsophisticated country person
subtype: #coon a an eccentric or undignified rustic; "I'll be a gone coon when the battle starts"
subtype: #countryman.rustic a man who lives in the country and has country ways
subtype: #countrywoman.rustic a woman who lives in the country and has country ways
subtype: #hillbilly__bushwhacker a disparaging term for an unsophisticated person
subtype: #provincial__peasant a country person
subtype: #cottar__cotter a peasant farmer in the Scottish highlands
subtype: #muzhik__moujik__mujik__muzjik a Russian peasant (especially prior to 1917)
subtype: #redneck__cracker a poor white person in the southern US
subtype: #woodsman__woodman someone who lives in the woods
subtype: #yokel__rube__hick__yahoo__hayseed__chawbacon not very intelligent or interested in culture
subtype: #communicator a person who communicates with others
subtype: #alarmist a person who alarms others needlessly
subtype: #scaremonger a person who spreads frightening rumors and stirs up trouble
subtype: #allegorizer__allegoriser someone who communicates in allegories
subtype: #announcer.communicator someone who proclaims a message publicly
subtype: #caller.announcer someone who proclaims or summons in a loud voice; "the callers were mothers summoning their children home for dinner"
subtype: #caller-out__caller a person who announces the changes of steps during a dance; "you need a fiddler and a caller for country dancing"
subtype: #muezzin__muazzin__mu'adhdhin the Moslem official of a mosque who summons the faithful to prayer from a minaret five times a day
subtype: #town_crier__crier (formerly) an official who made public announcements
subtype: #articulator.communicator someone who pronounces words
subtype: #speaker__talker__utterer__verbalizer__verbaliser someone who expresses in language; someone who talks (especially someone who delivers a public speech or someone especially garrulous); "the speaker at commencement"; "an utterer of useful maxims"
subtype: #alliterator a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration
subtype: #caller-up__caller__phoner__telephoner the person initiating a telephone call; "there were so many callers that he finally disconnected the telephone"
subtype: #chatterer__babbler__prater__chatterbox__spouter an obnoxious and foolish and loquacious talker
subtype: #conversationalist__schmoozer someone skilled at conversation
subtype: #deipnosophist someone skilled at across-the-table chit chat
subtype: #conversational_partner__interlocutor a person who takes part in a conversation
subtype: #drawler someone who speaks with a drawl
subtype: #jabberer__driveller someone whose talk is trivial drivel
subtype: #ejaculator a speaker who utters a sudden exclamation
subtype: #growler.speaker a speaker whose voice sounds like a growl
subtype: #inquirer__enquirer__questioner__querier__asker someone who asks a question
subtype: #cross-examiner__crossexaminer__cross-questioner__crossquestioner someone who questions a witness carefully (especially about testimony given earlier)
subtype: #quizzer__examiner__tester someone who administers a test to determine your qualifications
subtype: #inquisitor__interrogator a questioner who is excessively harsh
subtype: #interviewer a person who conducts an interview
subtype: #pollster__poll_taker__headcounter someone who conducts surveys of public opinion; "a pollster conducts public opinion polls"; "a headcounter counts heads"
subtype: #lecturer someone who lectures professionally
instance: #Helen_Adams_Keller__Keller__Helen_Keller
subtype: #lisper a speaker who lisps
subtype: #mentioner a speaker who refers to something briefly or incidentally
subtype: #mutterer__mumbler a person who speaks indistinctly
subtype: #narrator__storyteller__teller someone who tells a story
subtype: #anecdotist__raconteur a person skilled in telling anecdotes
instance: #Karl_Friedrich_Hieronymus_von_Munchhausen__Munchhausen__Munchausen__Baron_Munchausen
subtype: #fabulist a person who tells or invents fables
instance: #Aesop
subtype: #griot a storyteller in West Africa; perpetuates the oral traditions of a family or village
subtype: #orator__speechmaker__rhetorician__public_speaker__speechifier a person who delivers a speech or oration
subtype: #eulogist__panegyrist an orator who delivers eulogies or panegyrics
subtype: #demagogue__demagog__rabble-rouser an orator who appeals to the passions and prejudices of his audience
subtype: #elocutionist a public speaker trained in voice production and gesture and delivery
subtype: #haranguer a public speaker who delivers a loud or forceful or angry speech
subtype: #spellbinder an orator who can hold his listeners spellbound
subtype: #tub-thumper__tubthumper a noisy and vigorous or ranting public speaker
instance: #Edmund_Burke__Burke #Marcus_Tullius_Cicero__Cicero__Tully #Demosthenes #Patrick_Henry__Henry #Isocrates
subtype: #prattler someone who speaks in a childish way
subtype: #ranter__raver someone who rants and raves; speaks in a violent or loud manner
subtype: #reciter someone who recites from memory
subtype: #stammerer__stutterer someone who speaks with involuntary pauses and repetitions
subtype: #talking_head__talkinghead a talker on television who talks directly into the cameras and whose upper body is all that is shown on the screen
subtype: #vociferator a loud and vehement speaker (usually in protest)
subtype: #voicer a speaker who voices an opinion
subtype: #wailer a mourner who utters long loud high-pitched cries
subtype: #whisperer one who speaks in a whisper
subtype: #witnesser__witness__informant someone who sees an event and reports what happened
subtype: #attester__attestant someone who affirms or vouches for the correctness or truth or genuineness of something
subtype: #testifier__deponent a person who testifies or gives a deposition
subtype: #subvocalizer__subvocaliser someone who articulates speech without uttering sounds
subtype: #asserter__declarer__affirmer__asseverator__avower someone who claims to speak the truth; "a bold asserter"; "a declarer of his intentions"; "affirmers of traditional doctrine"; "an asseverator of strong convictions"; "an avower of his own great intelligence"
subtype: #postulator someone who assumes or takes something for granted as the basis of an argument
subtype: #avower someone who admits or acknowledges openly and boldly
subtype: #broadcaster someone who broadcasts on radio or television
subtype: #announcer reads news, commercials on radio or television
subtype: #radio_announcer an announcer whose voice is broadcast on radio
subtype: #sports_announcer__sportscaster__sports_commentator an announcer who reads sports news or describes sporting events
subtype: #newscaster someone who broadcasts the news
subtype: #tv_announcer__television_announcer an announcer on television
subtype: #broadcast_journalist__broadcastjournalist a journalist who broadcasts on radio or television
instance: #Edward_Roscoe_Murrow__Murrow__Edward_R._Murrow #Lowell_Jackson_Thomas__Thomas__Lowell_Thomas
subtype: #disk_jockey__disc_jockey__dj a person who announces and plays popular recorded music
subtype: #telecaster a television broadcaster
subtype: #conferee a member of a conference
subtype: #confessor.communicator someone who confesses (discloses information damaging to themselves)
subtype: #letter_writer__correspondent someone who communicates by means of letters
subtype: #pen_pal__penpal__pen-friend__penfriend a person you come to know by by frequent friendly correspondence
subtype: #extrovert__extravert (psychology) a person concerned more with practical realities than with inner thoughts and feelings
subtype: #gossiper__gossip__rumormonger__rumourmonger__newsmonger a person given to gossiping and divulging personal information about others
subtype: #female_gossiper__cat a spiteful woman gossip; "what a cat she is!"
subtype: #scandalmonger a person who spreads malicious gossip
subtype: #tattletale__tattler__taleteller__talebearer__telltale__blabbermouth someone who gossips indiscreetly
subtype: #yenta a woman gossip
subtype: #hisser someone who communicates disapproval by hissing
subtype: #informant__source a person who supplies information
subtype: #informer__betrayer__rat__squealer__blabber one who reveals confidential information in return for money
subtype: #fink__snitch__snitcher__stoolpigeon__stoolie__sneaker__canary someone acting as an informer or decoy for the police
subtype: #copper's_nark__nark (British) an informer or spy working for the police
subtype: #supergrass (British) a police informer who implicates many people
subtype: #leaker a surreptitious informant; "the president wanted to know who the leakers were"
subtype: #laudator__lauder__extoller someone who communicates high praise
subtype: #applauder__clapper someone who applauds
subtype: #negotiator__negotiant__treater someone who negotiates (confers with others in order to reach a settlement)
subtype: #mediator__go-between__intermediator__intermediary a negotiator who acts as a link between parties
subtype: #mediatrix a woman who is a mediator
subtype: #appeaser__conciliator__make-peace__pacifier__peacemaker__reconciler someone who tries to bring peace
subtype: #arbitrator__arbiter someone chosen to judge and decide a disputed issue
subtype: #third_party.arbitrator__thirdparty someone other than the principals who are involved in a transaction
subtype: #diplomat a person who deals tactfully with others
subtype: #harmonizer a mediator who brings one thing into harmonious agreement with another
subtype: #interpreter.mediator__translator someone who mediates between speakers of different languages
subtype: #dragoman an interpreter and guide in the Near East
subtype: #symbolizer__symbolist__symboliser someone skilled in the interpretation of symbols
instance: #Edward_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald #Benjamin_Jowett__Jowett #William_Tyndale__Tyndale__Tindale__William_Tindale__Tindal__William_Tindal #Bishop_Ulfilas__Ulfilas__Ulfila__Bishop_Ulfila__Wulfila__Bishop_Wulfila
subtype: #matchmaker__matcher__marriage_broker someone who arranges (or tries to arrange) marriages for others
subtype: #moderator someone who mediates disputes and attempts to avoid violence
subtype: #modifier a moderator who makes less extreme or uncompromising
subtype: #second_hand an intermediate person; used in the phrase "at second hand"; "he could learn at second hand from books"
subtype: #bargainer negotiator of the terms of a transaction; "he is a hard bargainer"
subtype: #haggler an intense bargainer
subtype: #compromiser a negotiator willing to compromise; "Henry Clay was known as the Great Compromiser"
subtype: #holdout.negotiator a negotiator who hopes to gain concessions by refusing to come to terms; "their star pitcher was a holdout for six weeks"
subtype: #negotiatress__negotiatrix a woman negotiator
subtype: #representative a person who represents others
subtype: #agent.representative a representative who acts on behalf of other persons or organizations
subtype: #business_agent an agent who handles business affairs for another; especially one who deals with employers
subtype: #actor's_agent__actor'sagent__theatrical_agent a business agent for an actor
subtype: #literary_agent an agent who represents an author is dealings with publishers
subtype: #bailee the agent to whom property involved in a bailment is delivered
subtype: #booker__booking_agent__bookingagent someone who engages a person or company for performances
subtype: #showman__promoter__impresario a sponsor who books and stages public entertainments
subtype: #exhibitor__exhibitioner__shower someone who organizes an exhibit for others to see
subtype: #organ-grinder__organgrinder a street musician who plays a hand organ or hurdy-gurdy
subtype: #pornographer__porn_merchant someone who presents shows or sells writing or pictures that are sexually explicit in violation of the community mores
instance: #Phineas_Taylor_Barnum__Barnum__P._T._Barnum #William_Frederick_Cody__Cody__William_F._Cody__Buffalo_Bill__Buffalo_Bill_Cody #Sergei_Pavlovich_Diaghilev__Diaghilev__Sergei_Diaghilev #Richard_D'Oyly_Carte__D'Oyly_Carte #Solomon_Hurok__Hurok__Sol_Hurok #Charles_Ringling__Ringling
subtype: #surrogate a person appointed to represent or act on behalf of others
subtype: #vicegerent someone appointed by a ruler as an administrative deputy
subtype: #employment_agent someone who runs an employment agency
subtype: #freight_agent__freightagent an employee of a freight carrier who directs the receipt and delivery of goods
subtype: #government_agent a representative or official of a government or administrative department of a government
subtype: #G-man__FBI_agent__government_man a special law-enforcement agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
subtype: #revenuer a government agent responsible for collecting revenue (especially one responsible for stopping bootlegging)
subtype: #T-man a special law-enforcement agent of the United States Treasury
subtype: #handler an agent who handles something or someone; "the senator's campaign handlers"
subtype: #mill_agent the responsible official at a mill that is under absentee ownership
subtype: #next_friend a person who acts on behalf of an infant or disabled person (in law)
subtype: #parliamentary_agent__parliamentaryagent a person (in Britain) who is employed to look after the affairs of businesses that are affected by legislation of the British Parliament
subtype: #proxy.agent__placeholder__procurator a person authorized to act for another
subtype: #purchasing_agent an agent who purchases goods or services for another
subtype: #secret_agent__intelligence_officer__intelligence_agent__operative a person secretly employed in espionage for a government
subtype: #agent_provocateur__agentprovocateur a secret agent who incites suspected persons to commit illegal acts
subtype: #undercover_agent__spy a secret agent hired by a state to obtain (military) information about its enemies or by a business to obtain industrial secrets from competitors
subtype: #counterspy__mole a spy who works against enemy espionage
subtype: #double_agent a spy who works for two mutually antagonistic countries
subtype: #espionage_agent someone employed to spy on another country or business competitor
subtype: #foreign_agent__foreignagent a spy for a foreign country
subtype: #infiltrator.undercover_agent someone who takes up a position surreptitiously for the purpose of espionage
subtype: #sleeper.undercover_agent a spy planted in advance for future use but not presently active
instance: #Mata_Hari__Margarete_Gertrud_Zelle
subtype: #shipping_agent the agent of a shipowner
subtype: #shopper.agent a commercial agent who shops at the competitor's store in order to compare their prices and merchandise with those of the store that employs her
subtype: #special_agent__specialagent someone whose authority is limited to the special undertaking they have been instructed to perform
subtype: #talent_agent an agent who represents performers
subtype: #universal_agent__universalagent__general_agent__generalagent someone authorized to transact every kind of business for the principal
subtype: #alderman a member of a municipal legislative body (as a city council); "aldermen usually represent city wards"
subtype: #assemblyman someone who is a member of a legislative assembly
subtype: #assemblywoman a woman assemblyman
subtype: #middleman__contact a person who is in a position to give you special assistance; "he used his business contacts to get an introduction to the governor"
subtype: #delegate a person appointed or elected to represent others
subtype: #apostolic_delegate__apostolicdelegate (Roman Catholic) a representative of the Holy See in a country that has no formal diplomatic relations with it
subtype: #emissary__envoy someone sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else
subtype: #legate__official_emissary a member of a legation
subtype: #head_of_state__chief_of_state the chief public representative of a country who may also be the head of government
subtype: #prime_minister__primeminister__chancellor__premier the person who is head of state (in several countries)
subtype: #Prime_Minister__PM__premier the person who holds the position of head of state in England
subtype: #president.head_of_state the chief executive of a republic
subtype: #ex-president a former president
instance: #Vigdis_Finnbogadottir__Finnbogadottir
subtype: #President_of_the_United_States__President__Chief_Executive the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government; "the President likes to jog every morning"
instance: #President_John_Adams__Adams__John_Adams__President_Adams #President_John_Quincy_Adams__Adams__John_Quincy_Adams__President_Adams #Chester_Alan_Arthur__Arthur__Chester_A._Arthur__President_Arthur #President_Buchanan__Buchanan__James_Buchanan #George_Herbert_Walker_Bush__Bush__George_Bush__President_Bush #George_Walker_Bush__Bush__George_Bush__George_W._Bush__Dubyuh__President_Bush #James_Earl_Carter_Jr.__Carter__Jimmy_Carter__James_Earl_Carter__President_Carter #Stephen_Grover_Cleveland__Cleveland__Grover_Cleveland__President_Cleveland #William_Jefferson_Clinton__Clinton__Bill_Clinton__President_Clinton #President_Coolidge__Coolidge__Calvin_Coolidge #Dwight_David_Eisenhower__Eisenhower__Dwight_Eisenhower__Dwight_D._Eisenhower__Ike__President_Eisenhower #President_Fillmore__Fillmore__Millard_Fillmore #Gerald_Rudolph_Ford__Ford__Gerald_Ford__Gerald_R._Ford__President_Ford #James_Abraham_Garfield__Garfield__James_Garfield__James_A._Garfield__President_Garfield #Ulysses_Simpson_Grant__Grant__Ulysses_Grant__Ulysses_S._Grant__Hiram_Ulysses_Grant__President_Grant #Warren_Gamaliel_Harding__Harding__Warren_Harding__President_Harding #President_William_Henry_Harrison__Harrison__William_Henry_Harrison__President_Harrison #President_Benjamin_Harrison__presidentbenjaminharrison__Harrison__Benjamin_Harrison__President_Harrison #Rutherford_Birchard_Hayes__Hayes__Rutherford_B._Hayes__President_Hayes #Herbert_Clark_Hoover__Hoover__Herbert_Hoover__President_Hoover #Andrew_Jackson__Jackson__Old_Hickory #President_Jefferson__Jefferson__Thomas_Jefferson #President_Andrew_Johnson__Johnson__Andrew_Johnson__President_Johnson #President_Lyndon_Johnson__Johnson__Lyndon_Johnson__Lyndon_Baines_Johnson__LBJ__President_Johnson #John_Fitzgerald_Kennedy__Kennedy__Jack_Kennedy__JFK__President_Kennedy #President_Lincoln__Lincoln__Abraham_Lincoln #President_Madison__Madison__James_Madison #President_McKinley__McKinley__William_McKinley #President_Monroe__Monroe__James_Monroe #Richard_Milhous_Nixon__Nixon__Richard_Nixon__Richard_M._Nixon__President_Nixon #President_Pierce__Pierce__Franklin_Pierce #James_Knox_Polk__Polk__James_Polk__James_K._Polk__President_Polk #Ronald_Wilson_Reagan__Reagan__Ronald_Reagan__President_Reagam #President_Theodore_Roosevelt__Roosevelt__Theodore_Roosevelt__President_Roosevelt #President_Franklin_Roosevelt__Roosevelt__Franklin_Roosevelt__Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt__President_Roosevelt__FDR #William_Howard_Taft__Taft__President_Taft #President_Taylor__Taylor__Zachary_Taylor #President_Truman__Truman__Harry_Truman__Harry_S_Truman #President_Tyler__Tyler__John_Tyler #President_Van_Buren__Van_Buren__Martin_Van_Buren #President_Washington__Washington__George_Washington #Thomas_Woodrow_Wilson__Wilson__Woodrow_Wilson__President_Wilson
subtype: #sovereign__crowned_head__crownedhead__monarch a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right
subtype: #tsar__czar__tzar a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)
instance: #Boris_Fyodorovich_Godunov__Godunov__godunov__Boris_Godunov #Ivan_IV__Ivan_Iv_Vasilievich__Ivan_the_Terrible #Nicholas_I #Nicholas_II #Peter_I__Peter_the_Great
subtype: #Emperor the male ruler of an empire
subtype: #Empress a woman Emperor or the wife of an Emperor
instance: #Catherine_I #Catherine_II__Catherine__Catherine_the_Great
subtype: #Holy_Roman_Emperor sovereign of the Holy Roman Empire
instance: #Charlemagne__Charles_I__Charles_the_Great #Charles_I__Charles_II__Charles_the_Bald #Ferdinand_I #Ferdinand_II #Ferdinand_III #Emperor_Francis_II__Francis_II #Frederick_Barbarossa__Frederick_I__Barbarossa #Frederick_II #Otto_I__Otho_I__Otto_the_Great
subtype: #Kaiser the Holy Roman Emperors or the Emperors of Austria or Germany until 1918
instance: #Wilhelm_II__Kaiser_Wilhelm
subtype: #mikado__tenno (archaic) the emperor of Japan; when regarded as a religious leader the emperor is called tenno
subtype: #Roman_Emperor__Emperor_of_Rome sovereign of the Roman Empire
instance: #Marcus_Aurelius_Antoninus__Antoninus__Aurelius__Marcus_Aurelius__Marcus_Annius_Verus #Antonius_Pius #Augustus__Gaius_Octavianus__Gaius_Julius_Caesar_Octavianus__Octavian #Caligula__Gaius__Gaius_Caesar #Tiberius_Claudius_Drusus_Nero_Germanicus__Claudius__Claudius_I #Constantine_the_Great__Constantine__Constantine_I #Decius #Domitian__Titus_Flavius_Domitianus #Hadrian__Publius_Aelius_Hadrianus__Adrian #Nero_Claudius_Caesar_Drusus_Germanicus__Nero__Lucius_Domitius_Ahenobarbus #Marcus_Cocceius_Nerva__Nerva #Tiberius_Claudius_Nero_Caesar_Augustus__Tiberius #Titus_Flavius_Vespasianus__Titus #Trajan__Marcus_Ulpius_Traianus #Vespasian__Titus_Flavius_Sabinus_Vespasianus
instance: #Francis_Joseph_I__Francis_Joseph__Franz_Joseph__Franz_Josef_I #Genghis_Khan__Jinghis_Khan__Jenghiz_Khan #Haile_Selassie__Ras_Tafari_Makonnen__Ras_Tafari #Michinomiya_Hirohito__Hirohito #Justinian_the_Great__Justinian__Justinian_I #Kublai_Khan__Kubla_Khan__Kublai_Kaan #Meiji_Tenno__Mutsuhito #Montezuma_II #Napoleon_Bonaparte__Napoleon__Napoleon_I__Bonaparte__the_Little_Corporal #Napoleon_III__Charles_Louis_Napoleon_Bonaparte #Shah_Jahan
subtype: #male_monarch__king a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom
subtype: #Messiah the awaited King of the Jews; the promised and expected deliverer of the Jewish people
subtype: #King_of_England the sovereign ruler of England
instance: #Canute_the_Great__Canute__Cnut__Knut #Charles_Stuart__Charles_I #Charles_II #Edgar #Edward_I #Edward_II #Edward_III #Edward_IV #Edward_V #Edward_VI #Edward_VII__Albert_Edward #Edward_VIII__Duke_of_Windsor #Saint_Edward_the_Confessor__Edward_the_Confessor__St_Edward_the_Confessor #Saint_Edward_the_Martyr__Edward_the_Martyr__St_Edward_the_Martyr #Edwy__Eadwig #George_I #George_II #George_III #George_IV #George_V #George_VI #King_Harold_I__Harold_I__Harold_Harefoot__Harefoot #King_Harold_II__Harold_II #Henry_I__Henry_Beauclerc #Henry_II #Henry_III #Henry_IV__Bolingbroke__Henry_Bolingbroke #Henry_V #Henry_VI #Henry_VII__Henry_Tudor #Henry_VIII #James_I #James_II #John_Lackland__John #Richard_I__Richard_Coeur_de_Lion__Richard_the_Lion-Heart__Richard_the_Lion-Hearted #Richard_II #Richard_III #William_I__William_the_Conqueror #William_II__William_Rufus #William_III__William_of_Orange #William_IV__The_Sailor_King
subtype: #King_of_France the sovereign ruler of France
instance: #Hugh_Capet__Capet #Charles_I__Charles_II__Charles_the_Bald #Charles_VII #Charles_IX #Henry_II.King_of_France__henryii #Louis_I__Louis_the_Pious #Louis_II__Louis_le_Begue__Louis_the_Stammerer #Louis_III #Louis_IV__Louis_d'Outremer #Louis_V__Louis_le_Faineant #Louis_VI__Louis_the_Far__Louis_the_Wideawake__Louis_the_Bruiser #Louis_VII #Louis_VIII #Louis_IX__Saint_Louis__St_Louis #Louis_X__Louis_le_Hutin__Louis_the_Quarreller #Louis_XI #Louis_XII #Louis_XIII #Louis_XIV__Sun_King__Louis_the_Great #Louis_XV #Louis_XVI
subtype: #Rameses__Ramesses__Ramses any of 12 kings of ancient Egypt between 1315 and 1090 BC
instance: #Rameses_II__Ramesses_II__Ramses_II__Rameses_the_Great__Ramesses_the_Great__Ramses_the_Great
instance: #Ahab #Akhenaton__Akhenaten__Ikhanaton__Amenhotep_IV #Alaric #Alfred_the_Great__Alfred__AElfred #Artaxerxes_I #Artaxerxes_II #Ashurbanipal__Assurbanipal__Asurbanipal #Athelstan #Attila__Scourge_of_God__Scourge_of_the_Gods #Robert_the_Bruce__Bruce__Robert_I #Carl_XVI_Gustav__carlxvigustav #Clovis_I__Clovis #Croesus.male_monarch__croesu #Cyrus_II__Cyrus_the_Elder__Cyrus_the_Great #Darius_I__Darius_the_Great #Darius_III #David #Edmund_I #Edmund_II__Edmund_Ironside #Edward_the_Elder #Edwin #Egbert #Ethelbert #Ethelred_I__Ethelred #Ethelred_the_Unready__Ethelred__Ethelred_II #Fahd_ibn_Abdel_Aziz_al-Saud__Fahd #Faisal_ibn_Abdel_Aziz_al-Saud__Faisal #Farouk_I__Faruk_I #Ferdinand_the_Great__Ferdinand_I #Ferdinand_V__Ferdinand_the_Catholic #Frederick_I #Frederick_the_Great__Frederick_II #Frederick_William_I #Frederick_William_II #Frederick_William_III #Frederick_William_Iv #Genseric__Gaiseric #Gilgamesh #Gordius #Gustavus_I__Gustavus #Gustavus_Adolphus__Gustavus__Gustavus_II #Gustavus_V #Hammurabi__Hammurapi #Herod_the_Great__Herod #Hezekiah__Ezekias #ibn_Talal_Hussein__Hussein__Husain__Husayn__King_Hussein #Jeroboam_I__Jeroboam #Juan_Carlos_Victor_Maria_de_Borbon_y_Borbon__Juan_Carlos #Kamehameha_I__Kamehameha_the_Great #Leonidas #Macbeth #Mithridates_the_Great__Mithridates__Mithridates_VI #Nebuchadnezzar_II__Nebuchadnezzar__Nebuchadrezzar__Nebuchadrezzar_II #Olaf_II__Olav_II__Saint_Olaf__Saint_Olav__St_Olaf__St_Olav #Otto_I__Otho_I__Otto_the_Great #Philip_II #Philip_II.male_monarch__philipii #Pyrrhus #Saul #Sennacherib #Solomon #Tarquin_the_Proud__Tarquin__Tarquinius__Tarquinius_Superbus__Lucius_Tarquinius_Superbus #Victor_Emanuel_II #Victor_Emanuel_III #Xerxes_I__Xerxes_the_Great
subtype: #shah title for the former hereditary monarch of Iran
instance: #Mohammed_Reza_Pahlavi__Pahlavi__Pahlevi__Mohammed_Reza_Pahlevi
subtype: #Hanoverian any of the British sovereigns belonging to the House of Hanover
instance: #George_I #George_II #George_III #George_IV #Queen_Victoria__Victoria
subtype: #personal_representative__personalrepresentative a person who manages the affairs of another
subtype: #legal_representative__legalrepresentative a personal representative with legal standing (as by power of attorney or the executor of a will)
subtype: #resident_commissioner the representative of Puerto Rico in the United States House of Representatives
subtype: #union_representative__unionrepresentative a representative for a labor union
subtype: #labor_organizer__labororganizer__organizer someone who enlists workers to join a union
instance: #Eugene_Victor_Debs__Debs__Eugene_V._Debs
subtype: #shop_steward__steward a union member who is elected to represent fellow workers in negotiating with management
subtype: #walking_delegate__walkingdelegate a union representative who visits workers at their jobs to see whether agreements are observed
subtype: #settler.negotiator a negotiator who settles disputes
subtype: #persuader__inducer someone who tries to persuade or induce or lead on
subtype: #lobbyist someone who tries to persuade legislators to vote for bills that the lobbyists favor
subtype: #wheedler__coaxer someone who tries to persuade by blandishment and coaxing
subtype: #popularizer__populariser__vulgarizer__vulgariser someone who makes attractive to the general public
subtype: #presenter someone who presents a message of some sort (as a petition or an address or a check or a memorial etc.)
subtype: #promisee a person to whom a promise is made
subtype: #promiser__promisor a person who makes a promise
subtype: #vower someone who makes a solemn promise to do something or behave in a certain way; "young vowers of eternal love"; "there are many vowers of chastity but few who observe it"
subtype: #propagandist a person who disseminates messages calculated to assist some cause or some government
subtype: #sloganeer someone who coins and uses slogans to promote a cause
instance: #Paul_Joseph_Goebbels__Goebbels__Joseph_Goebbels
subtype: #disseminator__propagator someone who spreads the news
subtype: #publicist__publicizer someone who publicizes
subtype: #advertiser__advertizer__adman someone whose business is advertising
subtype: #huckster a person who writes radio or tv advertisements
subtype: #promoter__booster__plugger someone who is an active supporter and advocate
subtype: #barker someone who stands in front of a show (as at a carnival) and gives a loud colorful sales talk to potential customers
subtype: #tout__touter someone who advertises for customers in an especially brazen way
subtype: #press_agent__publicity_man__publicityman__public_relations_man__PR_man someone employed to arrange publicity (for a firm or a public figure)
subtype: #sensationalist__ballyhoo_artist someone who uses exaggerated or lurid material in order to gain public attention
subtype: #quoter a communicator (speaker or writer) who uses quotations
subtype: #rambler a person whose speech or writing is not well organized
subtype: #reporter__newsman__newsperson a person who investigates and reports or edits news stories
subtype: #newswoman a female newsperson
subtype: #television_reporter__television_newscaster__TV_reporter__TV_newsman someone who reports news stories via television
subtype: #anchorman__anchor__anchorperson a television reporter who coordinates a broadcast to which several correspondents contribute
subtype: #responder__respondent__answerer someone who responds
subtype: #equivocator__hedger a respondent who avoids giving a clear direct answer
subtype: #interviewee a person who is interviewed
subtype: #don't-know__don'tknow (colloquial) a person who responds "I don't know" in public opinion poll
subtype: #testee__examinee someone who is tested (as by an intelligence test or an academic examination)
subtype: #passer a student who passes and examination
subtype: #roarer__bawler__bellower__screamer__screecher__shouter__yeller someone who communicates vocally in a very loud voice
subtype: #crier a shouter who advertises the goods they sell
subtype: #sender__transmitter someone who transmits a message; "return to sender"
subtype: #signaler__signaller someone who communicates by signals
subtype: #signalman a railroad employee in charge of signals and point in a railroad yard
subtype: #toller__bell_ringer__bellringer__ringer a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)
subtype: #whistler makes a loud high sound
subtype: #signer someone who can use sign language to communicate
subtype: #swearer someone who takes a solemn oath
subtype: #sympathizer commiserates with someone who has had misfortune
subtype: #Job's_comforter someone whose comfort is actually discouraging
subtype: #mental_telepathist__telepathist__thoughtreader__mind_reader someone with the power of communicating thoughts directly
subtype: #waffler someone who speaks or writes in a vague and evasive manner
subtype: #warner someone who gives a warning to others
subtype: #waver.communicator someone who communicates by waving
subtype: #wirer someone who sends a telegram
subtype: #professional_writer__writer__author writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)
subtype: #abstractor__abstracter one who makes abstracts or summarizes information
subtype: #alliterator a speaker or writer who makes use of alliteration
subtype: #authoress__authores a woman author
subtype: #biographer someone who writes an account of another person's life
subtype: #autobiographer someone who writes their own biography
instance: #Plutarch #Giles_Lytton_Strachey__Strachey__Lytton_Strachey
subtype: #coauthor__joint_author__jointauthor a writer who collaborates with others in writing something
subtype: #commentator a writer who reports and analyzes events of the day
subtype: #contributor a writer whose work is published in a newspaper or magazine or as part of a book
subtype: #drafter a writer of a draft
subtype: #dramatist__playwright someone who writes plays
instance: #Aeschylus #Edward_Albee__Albee__Edward_Franklin_Albeen #Maxwell_Anderson__Anderson #Jean_Anouilh__Anouilh #Aristophanes #Sir_James_Matthew_Barrie__Barrie__James_Barrie__J._M._Barrie__James_Matthew_Barrie #Samuel_Beckett__Beckett #Bertolt_Brecht__Brecht #Pedro_Calderon_de_la_Barca__Calderon__Calderon_de_la_Barca #Miguel_de_Cervantes_Saavedra__Cervantes__Miguel_de_Cervantes__Cervantes_Saavedra #Anton_Pavlovich_Chekhov__Chekhov__Chekov__Anton_Chekhov__Anton_Chekov__Anton_Pavlovich_Chekov #Pierre_Corneille__Corneille #Sir_Noel_Pierce_Coward__Coward__Noel_Coward #Russel_Crouse__Crouse #John_Dryden__Dryden #Euripides #Christopher_Fry__Fry #Frederico_Garcia_Lorca__Garcia_Lorca__Lorca #Hippolyte_Jean_Giraudoux__Giraudoux__Jean_Giraudoux #Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe__Goethe #Carlo_Goldoni__Goldoni #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker #Moss_Hart__Hart #Vaclav_Havel__Havel #Christian_Friedrich_Hebbel__Hebbel__Friedrich_Hebbel #Lillian_Hellman__Hellman #Victor-Marie_Hugo__Hugo__Victor_Hugo #Henrik_Ibsen__Ibsen #William_Inge__Inge #Eugene_Ionesco__Ionesco__ionesco #Benjamin_Jonson__Jonson__Ben_Jonson #George_Simon_Kaufman__Kaufman__George_S._Kaufman #Bernd_Heinrich_Wilhelm_von_Kleist__Kleist__Heinrich_von_Kleist #Gotthold_Ephraim_Lessing__Lessing #Howard_Lindsay__Lindsay #Clare_Booth_Luce__Luce #Count_Maurice_Maeterlinck__Maeterlinck #David_Mamet__Mamet #Christopher_Marlowe__Marlowe #John_Marstan__Marstan #Menander #Thomas_Middleton__Middleton #Arthur_Miller__Miller #Moliere__Jean-Baptiste_Poquelin #Ferenc_Molnar__Molnar #Sean_O'Casey__O'Casey__o'casey #Clifford_Odets__Odets #Eugene_Gladstone_O'Neill__O'Neill__Eugene_O'Neill #John_James_Osborne__Osborne__John_Osborne #Titus_Maccius_Plautus__Plautus #Sir_Terence_Mervyn_Rattigan__Rattigan__Terence_Rattigan #Elmer_Leopold_Rice__Rice__Elmer_Rice__Elmer_Reizenstein #Esme_Stuart_Lennox_Robinson__Robinson__Lennox_Robinson #Augustin_Eugene_Scribe__Scribe #Lucius_Annaeus_Seneca__Seneca #William_Shakespeare__Shakespeare__Shakspere__William_Shakspere__the_bard__thebard #George_Bernard_Shaw__Shaw__G._B._Shaw #Richard_Brinsley_Sheridan__Sheridan #Robert_Emmet_Sherwood__Sherwood #Marvin_Neil_Simon__Simon__Neil_Simon #Sophocles #Sir_Tom_Stoppard__Stoppard__Tom_Stoppard__Thomas_Straussler #Johan_August_Strindberg__Strindberg__August_Strindberg #Edmund_John_Millington_Synge__Synge__J._M._Synge__John_Millington_Synge #Terence__Publius_Terentius_Afer #Tirso_de_Molina__Gabriel_Tellez #Peter_Alexander_Ustinov__Ustinov__Sir_Peter_Ustinov #Lope_de_Vega__Vega #Thornton_Niven_Wilder__Wilder__Thornton_Wilder #Thomas_Lanier_Williams__Williams__Tennessee_Williams #William_Wycherley__Wycherley #William_Butler_Yeats__Yeats__W._B._Yeats
subtype: #encyclopedist__compiler a person who compiles (or writes for) encyclopedias
subtype: #essayist__litterateur a writer of literary works
instance: #Charles_Lamb__Lamb__Elia
subtype: #folk_writer a writer of folktales
subtype: #folk_poet a folk writer who composes in verse
subtype: #framer someone who writes a new law or plan; "the framers of the Constitution"
subtype: #gagster__gagman__gagwriter someone who writes comic material for public performers
subtype: #ghostwriter__ghost a writer who gives the credit of authorship to someone else
subtype: #Gothic_romancer__gothicromancer a writer of Gothic romances
subtype: #literary_hack__hack__hack_writer a mediocre and disdained writer
subtype: #journalist a writer for newspapers and magazines
subtype: #broadcast_journalist__broadcastjournalist a journalist who broadcasts on radio or television
subtype: #columnist a journalist who writes editorials
subtype: #gossip_columnist a journalist who writes a column of gossip about celebrities
subtype: #newspaper_columnist__newspapercolumnist a columnist who writes for newspapers
subtype: #newspaper_critic__newspapercritic a critic who writes a column for the newspapers
subtype: #correspondent__newspaperman__newspaperwoman__newswriter__pressman a journalist employed to provide news stories for newspapers or broadcast media
subtype: #scribe__scribbler informal terms for journalists
subtype: #sob_sister__sobsister a journalist who specializes in sentimental stories
subtype: #sports_writer a journalist who writes about sports
instance: #Alfred_Alistair_Cooke__Cooke__Alistair_Cooke #Elizabeth_Merriwether_Gilmer__Gilmer__Dorothy_Dix #Horace_Greeley__Greeley__greeley #Edgar_Albert_Guest__Guest__Edgar_Guest #Walter_Lippmann__Lippmann #Henry_Louis_Mencken__Mencken__H._L._Mencken #John_Reed__Reed #Elizabeth_Cochrane_Seaman__Seaman__Elizabeth_Seaman__Nellie_Bly #William_Lawrence_Shirer__Shirer #Sir_Henry_Morton_Stanley__Stanley__Henry_M._Stanley__John_Rowlands #Joseph_Lincoln_Steffens__Steffens__Lincoln_Steffens #Isidor_Feinstein_Stone__Stone__I._F._Stone #Theodore_Harold_White__White__T._H._White #Alexander_Woollcott__Woollcott
subtype: #librettist author of words to be set to music in an opera or operetta
instance: #William_Schwenk_Gilbert__Gilbert__William_Gilbert__Sir_William_Gilbert
subtype: #lyricist a person who writes the words for songs
instance: #Ira_Gershwin__Gershwin #Oscar_Hammerstein_II__Hammerstein__Oscar_Hammerstein #Lorenz_Milton_Hart__Hart__Lorenz_Hart #Alan_Jay_Lerner__Lerner #Timothy_Miles_Bindon_Rice__Rice__Sir_Tim_Rice
subtype: #novelist someone who writes novels
instance: #James_Agee__Agee #Louisa_May_Alcott__Alcott #Honore_de_Balzac__Balzac__Honore_Balzac #William_Cuthbert_Faulkner__Faulkner__William_Faulkner__Falkner__William_Falkner #Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe__Goethe #Victor-Marie_Hugo__Hugo__Victor_Hugo #Harry_Sinclair_Lewis__Lewis__Sinclair_Lewis #George_Meredith__Meredith #Marcel_Proust__Proust #Emile_Zola__Zola
subtype: #pamphleteer a writer of pamphlets (usually taking a partisan stand on public issues)
instance: #Thomas_Paine__Paine__Tom_Paine
subtype: #paragrapher a writer of paragraphs (as for publication on the editorial page of a newspaper)
subtype: #poet a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)
subtype: #bard.poet a lyric poet
subtype: #elegist the author of a mournful poem lamenting the dead
subtype: #poetess__poetes a woman poet
instance: #Edna_Saint_Vincent_Millay__Millay__Edna_Millay #Sappho
subtype: #Poet_Laureate the poet officially appointed to the Royal Household in Great Britain; "the Poet Laureate is expected to provide poems for great national occasions"
subtype: #sonneteer a poet who writes sonnets
instance: #Alcaeus #Guillaume_Apollinaire__Apollinaire__Wilhelm_Apollinaris_de_Kostrowitzki #Matthew_Arnold__Arnold #Jean_Arp__Arp__Hans_Arp #Wystan_Hugh_Auden__Auden__W._H._Auden #Charles_Pierre_Baudelaire__Baudelaire__Charles_Baudelaire #William_Blake__Blake #Giovanni_Boccaccio__Boccaccio #Bertolt_Brecht__Brecht #Rupert_Brooke__Brooke #Elizabeth_Barrett_Browning__Browning #Robert_Browning__Browning #Robert_Burns__Burns #Sixth_Baron_Byron_of_Rochdale__Byron__Lord_Byron__George_Gordon_Byron #Pedro_Calderon_de_la_Barca__Calderon__Calderon_de_la_Barca #Giosue_Carducci__Carducci #Thomas_Carew__Carew #Gaius_Valerius_Catullus__Catullus #Geoffrey_Chaucer__Chaucer #John_Anthony_Ciardi__Ciardi__John_Ciardi #Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge__Coleridge #Pierre_Corneille__Corneille #Harold_Hart_Crane__Crane__Hart_Crane #Cynewulf__Cynwulf #Dante_Alighieri__Dante #Walter_John_de_la_Mare__de_la_Mare__Walter_de_la_Mare #Emily_Dickinson__Dickinson #John_Donne__Donne #John_Dryden__Dryden #Thomas_Stearns_Eliot__Eliot__T._S._Eliot #Edward_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald #Robert_Lee_Frost__Frost__Robert_Frost #Frederico_Garcia_Lorca__Garcia_Lorca__Lorca #William_Schwenk_Gilbert__Gilbert__William_Gilbert__Sir_William_Gilbert #Allen_Ginsberg__Ginsberg #Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe__Goethe #Thomas_Gray__Gray #Robert_Herrick__Herrick #Hesiod #Hugo_von_Hoffmannsthal__Hoffmannsthal #James_Hogg__Hogg #Homer #Gerard_Manley_Hopkins__Hopkins #Horace #Alfred_Edward_Housman__Housman__A._E._Housman #Edward_James_Hughes__Hughes__Ted_Hughes #Victor-Marie_Hugo__Hugo__Victor_Hugo #Henrik_Ibsen__Ibsen #Randall_Jarrell__Jarrell #John_Robinson_Jeffers__Jeffers__Robinson_Jeffers #Juan_Ramon_Jimenez__Jimenez #Benjamin_Jonson__Jonson__Ben_Jonson #Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt__Karlfeldt #John_Keats__Keats #Francis_Scott_Key__Key #Friedrich_Gottlieb_Klopstock__Klopstock #Nicholas_Vachel_Lindsay__Lindsay__Vachel_Lindsay #Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow__Longfellow #Richard_Lovelace__Lovelace #Amy_Lowell__Lowell #Robert_Traill_Spence_Lowell_Jr.__Lowell__Robert_Lowell #Titus_Lucretius_Carus__Lucretius #Archibald_MacLeish__MacLeish #Stephane_Mallarme__Mallarme #Osip_Emilevich_Mandelstam__Mandelstam__Osip_Mandelstam__Mandelshtam #Giambattista_Marini__Marini__Marino__Giambattista_Marino #Christopher_Marlowe__Marlowe #Jose_Julian_Marti__Marti #Martial #Andrew_Marvell__Marvell__marvell #John_Edward_Masefield__Masefield__John_Masefield #Edgar_Lee_Masters__Masters #Vladimir_Vladimirovich_Mayakovski__Mayakovski #George_Meredith__Meredith #John_Milton__Milton #Marianne_Craig_Moore__Moore__Marianne_Moore #Thomas_Moore__Moore #William_Morris__Morris #Louis_Charles_Alfred_de_Musset__Musset__Alfred_de_Musset #Alfred_Noyes__Noyes #Omar_Khayyam #Ovid__Publius_Ovidius_Naso #Francis_Turner_Palgrave__Palgrave #Petrarch__Petrarca__Francesco_Petrarca #Pindar #Ezra_Loomis_Pound__Pound__Ezra_Pound #Aleksandr_Sergeyevich_Pushkin__Pushkin__Alexander_Pushkin #James_Whitcomb_Riley__Riley #Rainer_Maria_Rilke__Rilke #Jean_Nicholas_Arthur_Rimbaud__Rimbaud__Arthur_Rimbaud #Edwin_Arlington_Robinson__Robinson #Alan_Seeger__Seeger #Anne_Sexton__Sexton #William_Shakespeare__Shakespeare__Shakspere__William_Shakspere__the_bard__thebard #Percy_Bysshe_Shelley__Shelley #Taras_Grigoryevich_Shevchenko__Shevchenko #Sir_Philip_Sidney__Sidney #Dame_Edith_Louisa_Sitwell__Sitwell__Dame_Edith_Sitwell #Robert_Southey__Southey #Sir_Stephen_Harold_Spender__Spender__Stephen_Spender #Edmund_Spenser__Spenser #Wallace_Stevens__Stevens #Sir_John_Suckling__Suckling #Algernon_Charles_Swinburne__Swinburne #Arthur_Symons__Symons #Torquato_Tasso__Tasso #John_Orley_Allen_Tate__Tate__Allen_Tate #Sara_Teasdale__Teasdale #First_Baron_Tennyson__Tennyson__Alfred_Tennyson__Alfred_Lord_Tennyson #Thespis #Dylan_Marlais_Thomas__Thomas__Dylan_Thomas #John_Trumbull__Trumbull #Tristan_Tzara__Tzara__Samuel_Rosenstock #Johann_Ludwig_Uhland__Uhland #Paul_Verlaine__Verlaine #Francois_Villon__Villon #Virgil__Vergil__Publius_Vergilius_Maro #Andrei_Voznesenski__Voznesenski #Robert_Penn_Warren__Warren #Isaac_Watts__Watts #Phillis_Wheatley__Wheatley #Walt_Whitman__Whitman #John_Greenleaf_Whittier__Whittier #William_Carlos_Williams__Williams #William_Wordsworth__Wordsworth #Sir_Thomas_Wyatt__Wyatt__Wyat__Sir_Thomas_Wyat #Elinor_Morton_Hoyt_Wylie__Wylie #William_Butler_Yeats__Yeats__W._B._Yeats #Yevgeni_Aleksandrovich_Yevtushenko__Yevtushenko__Yevgeni_Yevtushenko #Edward_Young__Young
subtype: #rhymer__rhymester__versifier__poetizer a writer who composes rhymes; a maker of poor verses (usually used as terms of contempt for minor or inferior poets)
subtype: #scenarist a writer of screenplays
subtype: #scriptwriter someone who writes scripts for plays or movies or broadcast dramas
subtype: #screenwriter__film_writer someone who writes screenplays
instance: #George_Lucas__Lucas #Dalton_Trumbo__Trumbo
subtype: #space_writer__spacewriter a writer paid by the area of the copy
subtype: #speechwriter a writer who composes speeches for others to deliver
subtype: #tragedian a writer (especially a playwright) who writes tragedies
instance: #Jean_Baptiste_Racine__Racine__Jean_Racine
subtype: #wordmonger a writer who uses language carelessly or pretentiously with little regard for meaning
subtype: #word-painter a writer of vivid or graphic descriptive power
subtype: #wordsmith a fluent and prolific writer
instance: #Horatio_Alger__Alger #Hans_Christian_Andersen__Andersen #Sherwood_Anderson__Anderson #Louis_Aragon__Aragon #Sholem_Asch__Asch__Shalom_Asch__Sholom_Asch #Jane_Austen__Austen #Imamu_Amiri_Baraka__Baraka__LeRoi_Jones #Samuel_Beckett__Beckett #Sir_Henry_Maxmilian_Beerbohm__Beerbohm__Max_Beerbohm #Ambrose_Gwinett_Bierce__Bierce__Ambrose_Bierce #Jorge_Luis_Borges__Borges__Jorge_Borges #James_Boswell__Boswell #Ray_Douglas_Bradbury__Bradbury__Ray_Bradbury #Charlotte_Bronte__Bronte #Emily_Jane_Bronte__Bronte__Emily_Bronte__Currer_Bell #Anne_Bronte__Bronte #Charles_Farrar_Browne__Browne__Artemus_Ward #Pearl_Sydenstricker_Buck__Buck__Pearl_Buck #John_Bunyan__Bunyan #Frances_Eliza_Hodgson_Burnett__Burnett__burnett__franceshodgsonburnett #Edgar_Rice_Burroughs__Burroughs #William_Burroughs__Burroughs__William_Seward_Burroughs #James_Branch_Cabell__Cabell #Erskine_Preston_Caldwell__Caldwell__Erskine_Caldwell #Albert_Camus__Camus #Lewis_Carroll__Carroll__Dodgson__Reverend_Dodgson__Charles_Dodgson__Charles_Lutwidge_Dodgson #Willa_Sibert_Cather__Cather__Willa_Cather #Miguel_de_Cervantes_Saavedra__Cervantes__Miguel_de_Cervantes__Cervantes_Saavedra #Raymond_Thornton_Chandler__Chandler__Raymond_Chandler #Francois_Rene_Chateaubriand__Chateaubriand__Vicomte_de_Chateaubriand #Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton__Chesterton__G._K._Chesterton #Dame_Agatha_Mary_Clarissa_Christie__Christie__Agatha_Christie #Sir_Winston_Leonard_Spenser_Churchill__Churchill__Winston_Churchill__Winston_S._Churchill #Samuel_Langhorne_Clemens__Clemens__Mark_Twain #Jean_Cocteau__Cocteau #Sidonie_Gabrielle_Claudine_Colette__Colette #William_Wilkie_Collins__Collins__Wilkie_Collins #Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle__Conan_Doyle__A._Conan_Doyle__Arthur_Conan_Doyle #Joseph_Conrad__Conrad__Teodor_Josef_Konrad_Korzeniowski #James_Fenimore_Cooper__Cooper #Stephen_Crane__Crane #Edward_Estlin_Cummings__Cummings__e._e._cummings #Clarence_Shepard_Day_Jr.__Day__Clarence_Day #Daniel_Defoe__Defoe #Thomas_De_Quincey__De_Quincey #Charles_John_Huffam_Dickens__Dickens__Charles_Dickens #John_Dos_Passos__Dos_Passos #Feodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoyevsky__Dostoyevsky__Dostoevski__Dostoevsky__Feodor_Dostoyevsky__Fyodor_Dostoyevsky__Feodor_Dostoevski__Fyodor_Dostoevski__Feodor_Dostoevsky__Fyodor_Dostoevsky__Fyodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoyevsky__Feodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevski__Fyodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevski__Feodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevsky__Fyodor_Mikhailovich_Dostoevsky #Theodore_Herman_Albert_Dreiser__Dreiser__Theodore_Dreiser #Alexandre_Dumas__Dumas #Dame_Daphne_du_Maurier__du_Maurier #Lawrence_George_Durrell__Durrell__Lawrence_Durrell #Ilya_Grigorievich_Ehrenberg__Ehrenberg__Ilya_Ehrenberg #George_Eliot__Eliot__Mary_Ann_Evans #Ralph_Waldo_Emerson__Emerson #James_Thomas_Farrell__Farrell #Edna_Ferber__Ferber #Henry_Fielding__Fielding #Francis_Scott_Key_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald__F._Scott_Fitzgerald #Gustave_Flaubert__Flaubert #Ian_Lancaster_Fleming__Fleming__Ian_Fleming #Ford_Hermann_Hueffer__Ford__Ford_Madox_Ford #Cecil_Scott_Forester__Forester__C._S._Forester #Anatole_France__France__Jacques_Anatole_Francois_Thibault #Benjamin_Franklin__Franklin #Carlos_Fuentes__Fuentes #Emile_Gaboriau__Gaboriau #John_Galsworthy__Galsworthy #Erle_Stanley_Gardner__Gardner #Elizabeth_Cleghorn_Stevenson_Gaskell__Gaskell__Elizabeth_Gaskell #Theodor_Seuss_Geisel__Geisel__Dr._Seuss #Jean_Genet__Genet #Kahlil_Gibran__Gibran #Karl_Gjellerup__Gjellerup #Nikolai_Vasilievich_Gogol__Gogol #Sir_William_Gerald_Golding__Golding__William_Golding #Oliver_Goldsmith__Goldsmith #Edmond_Louis_Antoine_Huot_de_Goncourt__Goncourt__Edmond_de_Goncourt #Jules_Alfred_Huot_de_Goncourt__Goncourt__Jules_de_Goncourt #Nadine_Gordimer__Gordimer #Maksim_Gorky__Gorky__Gorki__Maxim_Gorki__Aleksey_Maksimovich_Peshkov__Aleksey_Maximovich_Peshkov #Kenneth_Grahame__Grahame #Gunter_Wilhelm_Grass__Grass__Gunter_Grass #Robert_Ranke_Graves__Graves__Robert_Graves #Henry_Graham_Greene__Greene__Graham_Greene #Zane_Grey__Grey #Jakob_Ludwig_Karl_Grimm__Grimm #Wilhelm_Karl_Grimm__Grimm #Hagard__Rider_Haggard__Sir_Henry_Rider_Haggard #Elizabeth_Sanderson_Haldane__elizabethsandersonhaldane__Haldane__Elizabeth_Haldane #Edward_Everett_Hale__Hale #Alex_Haley__Haley #Marguerite_Radclyffe_Hall__Hall__Radclyffe_Hall #Samuel_Dashiell_Hammett__Hammett__Dashiell_Hammett #Knut_Hamsun__Hamsun__Knut_Pedersen #Thomas_Hardy__Hardy #James_Thomas_Harris__Harris__Frank_Harris #Bret_Harte__Harte #Nathaniel_Hawthorne__Hawthorne #Ben_Hecht__Hecht #Robert_Anson_Heinlein__Heinlein #Joseph_Heller__Heller #Ernest_Hemingway__Hemingway #Hermann_Hesse__Hesse #Paul_Johann_Ludwig_von_Heyse__Heyse__Paul_Heyse #DuBois_Heyward__Heyward__Edwin_DuBois_Hayward #Thomas_Wentworth_Storrow_Higginson__Higginson__Thomas_Higginson #Ernst_Theodor_Amadeus_Hoffmann__Hoffmann__E._T._A._Hoffmann__Ernst_Theodor_Wilhelm_Hoffmann #Oliver_Wendell_Holmes__Holmes #William_Dean_Howells__Howells #Edmond_Hoyle__Hoyle #James_Langston_Hughes__Hughes__Langston_Hughes #James_Henry_Leigh_Hunt__Hunt__Leigh_Hunt #Aldous_Leonard_Huxley__Huxley__Aldous_Huxley #John_Irving__Irving #Washington_Irving__Irving #Christopher_William_Bradshaw_Isherwood__Isherwood__Christopher_Isherwood #Helen_Maria_Fiske_Hunt_Jackson__Jackson__Helen_Hunt_Jackson #Jane_Jacobs__Jacobs #William_Wymark_Jacobs__Jacobs__W._W._Jacobs #Henry_James__James #Johannes_Vilhelm_Jensen__Jensen #Samuel_Johnson__Johnson__Dr._Johnson #James_Augustine_Aloysius_Joyce__Joyce__James_Joyce #Franz_Kafka__Kafka #Helen_Adams_Keller__Keller__Helen_Keller #Jean-Louis_Lebris_de_Kerouac__Kerouac__Jack_Kerouac #Ken_Elton_Kesey__Kesey__Ken_Kesey #Joseph_Rudyard_Kipling__Kipling__Rudyard_Kipling #Arthur_Koestler__Koestler #Jean_de_La_Fontaine__La_Fontaine #Ringgold_Wilmer_Lardner__Lardner__Ring_Lardner #Francois_de_La_Rochefoucauld__La_Rochefoucauld #David_Herbert_Lawrence__Lawrence__D._H._Lawrence #Thomas_Edward_Lawrence__Lawrence__T._E._Lawrence__Lawrence_of_Arabia #John_le_Carre__le_Carre__David_John_Moore_Cornwell #Elmore_John_Leonard__Leonard__Elmore_Leonard__Dutch_Leonard #Mikhail_Yurievich_Lermontov__Lermontov #Clive_Staples_Lewis__Lewis__C._S._Lewis #Jack_London__London__John_Griffith_Chaney #Clarence_Malcolm_Lowry__Lowry__Malcolm_Lowry #John_Lyly__Lyly #Edward_George_Earle_Bulwer-Lytton__Lytton__First_Baron_Lytton__Bulwer-Lytton #Norman_Mailer__Mailer #Bernard_Malamud__Malamud #Sir_Thomas_Malory__Malory__Thomas_Malory #Andre_Malraux__Malraux #Thomas_Mann__Mann #Kathleen_Mansfield_Beauchamp__Mansfield__Katherine_Mansfield #John_Philip_Marquand__Marquand__John_Marquand #Ngaio_Marsh__Marsh #Alfred_Edward_Woodley_Mason__Mason__A._E._W._Mason #William_Somerset_Maugham__Maugham__Somerset_Maugham__W._Somerset_Maugham #Henri_Rene_Albert_Guy_de_Maupassant__Maupassant__Guy_de_Maupassant #Andre_Maurois__Maurois__Emile_Herzog #Carson_Smith_McCullers__McCullers__Carson_McCullers #Herbert_Marshall_McLuhan__McLuhan__Marshall_McLuhan #Herman_Melville__Melville #Thomas_Merton__Merton #Henry_Valentine_Miller__Miller__Henry_Miller #Alan_Alexander_Milne__Milne__A._A._Milne #Margaret_Munnerlyn_Mitchell__Mitchell__Margaret_Mitchell #Nancy_Freeman_Mitford__Mitford__Nancy_Mitford #Jessica_Lucy_Mitford__Mitford__Jessica_Mitford #Michel_Eyquem_Montaigne__Montaigne__Michel_Montaigne #Lucy_Maud_Montgomery__Montgomery__L._M._Montgomery #Sir_Thomas_More__More__Thomas_More #Toni_Morrison__Morrison #Hector_Hugh_Munro__Munro__H._H._Munro__Saki #Dame_Jean_Iris_Murdoch__Murdoch__Iris_Murdoch #Louis_Charles_Alfred_de_Musset__Musset__Alfred_de_Musset #Vladimir_vladimirovich_Nabokov__Nabokov__Vladimir_Nabokov #Ogden_Nash__Nash #Sir_Harold_George_Nicolson__Nicolson__Harold_Nicolson #Benjamin_Franklin_Norris_Jr.__Norris__Frank_Norris #Joyce_Carol_Oates__Oates #Edna_O'Brien__O'Brien__o'brien #Mary_Flannery_O'Connor__O'Connor__Flannery_O'Connor #Liam_O'Flaherty__O'Flaherty #John_Henry_O'Hara__O'Hara #Philip_Michael_Ondaatje__Ondaatje__Michael_Ondaatje #Baroness_Emmusca_Orczy__Orczy #George_Orwell__Orwell__Eric_Arthur_Blair #Thomas_Nelson_Page__Page #Dorothy_Rothschild_Parker__Parker__Dorothy_Parker #Boris_Leonidovich_Pasternak__Pasternak__Boris_Pasternak #Alan_Stewart_Paton__Paton__Alan_Paton #William_Sydney_Porter__Porter__O._Henry #Ezra_Loomis_Pound__Pound__Ezra_Pound #Ayn_Rand__Rand #Kenneth_Roberts__Roberts #Anna_Eleanor_Roosevelt__Roosevelt__Eleanor_Roosevelt #Jean-Jacques_Rousseau__Rousseau #Alfred_Damon_Runyon__Runyon__Damon_Runyon #Ahmed_Salman_Rushdie__Rushdie__Salman_Rushdie #Comte_Donatien_Alphonse_Francois_de_Sade__Sade__de_Sade__Marquis_de_Sade #Jerome_David_Salinger__Salinger__J._D._Salinger #George_Sand__Sand__Amandine_Aurore_Lucie_Dupin__Baroness_Dudevant #Carl_Sandburg__Sandburg #William_Saroyan__Saroyan #Jean_Paul_Sartre__Sartre #Dorothy_Leigh_Sayers__Sayers__Dorothy_Sayers__Dorothy_L._Sayers #Johann_Christoph_Friedrich_von_Schiller__Schiller #Sir_Walter_Scott__Scott__Walter_Scott #Robert_William_Service__Service #George_Bernard_Shaw__Shaw__G._B._Shaw #Mary_Godwin_Wollstonecraft_Shelley__Shelley__Mary_Shelley__Mary_Wollstonecraft_Shelley #Nevil_Shute_Norway__Shute__Nevil_Shute #Georges_Joseph_Christian_Simenon__Simenon__Georges_Simenon #Upton_Beall_Sinclair__Sinclair__Upton_Sinclair #Isaac_Bashevis_Singer__Singer #Tobias_George_Smollett__Smollett__Tobias_Smollett #Baron_Snow_of_Leicester__Snow__C._P._Snow__Charles_Percy_Snow #Alexander_Isayevich_Solzhenitsyn__Solzhenitsyn #Susan_Sontag__Sontag #Muriel_Sarah_Spark__Spark__Muriel_Spark__Dame_Muriel_Spark #Frank_Morrison_Spillane__Spillane__Mickey_Spillane #Madame_de_Stael__Stael__Baronne_Anne_Louise_Germaine_Necker_de_Steal-Holstein #Sir_Richrd_Steele__Steele #Gertrude_Stein__Stein #John_Ernst_Steinbeck__Steinbeck__John_Steinbeck #Stendhal__Marie_Henri_Beyle #Sir_Leslie_Stephen__Stephen #Laurence_Sterne__Sterne #Robert_Louis_Balfour_Stevenson__Stevenson__Robert_Louis_Stevenson #Francis_Richard_Stockton__Stockton__Frank_Stockton #Abraham_Stoker__Stoker__Bram_Stoker #Harriet_Elizabeth_Beecher_Stowe__Stowe__Harriet_Beecher_Stowe #William_Styron__Styron #Eugene_Sue__Sue #John_Addington_Symonds__Symonds #William_Makepeace_Thackeray__Thackeray #Henry_David_Thoreau__Thoreau #Alexis_Charles_Henri_Maurice_de_Tocqueville__Tocqueville #Alice_B._Toklas__Toklas #John_Ronald_Reuel_Tolkien__Tolkien__J._R._R._Tolkien #Count_Lev_Nikolayevitch_Tolstoy__Tolstoy__Leo_Tolstoy #Anthony_Trollope__Trollope #Ivan_Sergeevich_Turgenev__Turgenev #Louis_Untermeyer__Untermeyer #John_Hoyer_Updike__Updike__John_Updike #Carl_Clinton_Van_Doren__Van_Doren__Carl_Van_Doren #Mario_Vargas_Llosa__Vargas_Llosa #Jules_Verne__Verne #Eugene_Luther_Vidal__Vidal__Gore_Vidal #Voltaire__Arouet__Francois-Marie_Arouet #Kurt_Vonnegut__Vonnegut #John_Barrington_Wain__Wain__John_Wain #Alice_Malsenior_Walker__Walker__Alice_Walker #Richard_Horatio_Edgar_Wallace__Wallace__Edgar_Wallace #Horatio_Walpole__Walpole__Horace_Walpole__Fourth_Earl_of_Orford #Izaak_Walton__Walton #Mary_Augusta_Arnold_Ward__Ward__Mrs._Humphrey_Ward #Robert_Penn_Warren__Warren #Evelyn_Arthur_Saint_John_Waugh__Waugh__Evelyn_Waugh #Martha_Beatrice_Potter_Webb__Webb__Beatrice_Webb #Herbert_George_Wells__Wells__H._G._Wells #Eudora_Welty__Welty #Franz_Werfel__Werfel #Dame_Rebecca_West__West__Rebecca_West__Cicily_Isabel_Fairfield #Elwyn_Brooks_White__White__E._B._White #Patrick_Victor_Martindale_White__White__Patrick_White #Eliezer_Wiesel__Wiesel__Elie_Wiesel #Oscar_Fingal_O'Flahertie_Wills_Wilde__Wilde__Oscar_Wilde #Thornton_Niven_Wilder__Wilder__Thornton_Wilder #Angus_Frank_Johnstone_Wilson__Wilson__Sir_Angus_Wilson #Owen_Wister__Wister #Pelham_Grenville_Wodehouse__Wodehouse__P._G._Wodehouse #Thomas_Clayton_Wolfe__Wolfe__Thomas_Wolfe #Thomas_Kennerly_Wolfe_Jr.__Wolfe__Tom_Wolfe__Thomas_Wolfe #Mary_Wollstonecraft_Godwin__Wollstonecraft__Mary_Wollstonecraft #Ellen_Price_Wood__Wood__Mrs._Henry_Wood #Adeline_Virginia_Stephen_Woolf__Woolf__Virginia_Woolf #Herman_Wouk__Wouk #Richard_Wright__Wright #Willard_Huntington_Wright__Wright__S._S._Van_Dine #Israel_Zangwill__Zangwill #Stefan_Zweig__Zweig
subtype: #contestant a person who participates in competitions
subtype: #athlete__jock a person trained to compete in sports
subtype: #acrobat an athlete who performs acts requiring skill and agility and coordination
subtype: #aerialist an acrobat who performs in the air (as on a rope or trapeze)
subtype: #ropewalker__ropedancer an acrobat who performs on a rope stretched at some height above the ground
subtype: #balancer an acrobat who balances himself in difficult positions
subtype: #circus_acrobat a acrobat who performs acrobatic feats in a circus
subtype: #contortionist an acrobat able to twist into unusual positions
subtype: #amateur.athlete does not play for pay
subtype: #outdoor_man__outdoorman__sporting_man someone who enjoys outdoor activities
subtype: #ball_hawk an team athlete who is skilled at stealing or catching the ball
subtype: #ballplayer__baseball_player an athlete who plays baseball
subtype: #base_runner__runner a baseball player on the team at bat who is on base (or attempting to reach a base)
subtype: #slugger__batter__hitter__batsman a ballplayer who is batting
subtype: #bunter a batter who bunts
subtype: #designated_hitter a ballplayer who is designated to bat in place of the pitcher
subtype: #pinch_hitter__pinchhitter (baseball or softball) a substitute for the regular batter
subtype: #switch-hitter a baseball player who can bat either right or left handed
subtype: #whiffer a batter who strikes out by swinging at and missing the third strike
subtype: #fielder a member of the baseball team that is in the field instead of at bat
subtype: #infielder (baseball or softball) a person who plays a position in the infield
subtype: #catcher (baseball or softball) the person who plays the position of catcher
subtype: #first_baseman__firstbaseman__first_sacker__firstsacker (baseball or softball) the person who plays first base
subtype: #second_baseman__second_sacker (baseball or softball) the person who plays second base
subtype: #shortstop (baseball) the person who plays the shortstop position
subtype: #third_baseman__thirdbaseman__third_sacker__thirdsacker (baseball or softball) the person who plays third base
subtype: #outfielder (baseball or softball) a person who plays in the outfield
subtype: #right_fielder__rightfielder the person who plays right field
subtype: #center_fielder the person who plays center field
subtype: #left_fielder the person who plays left field
subtype: #little_leaguer a player between 8 and 12 years of age who is a member of a little-league team
subtype: #major_leaguer__majorleaguer__big_leaguer__bigleaguer a member of a major-league baseball team
subtype: #minor_leaguer__minorleaguer a player on a minor-league baseball team
subtype: #hurler__pitcher__twirler (baseball or softball) the person who does the pitching; "our pitcher has a sore arm"
subtype: #left-handed_pitcher__left-hander__lefty__southpaw a baseball pitcher who throws the ball with the left hand
subtype: #right-handed_pitcher__right-hander__righthander (baseball) a pitcher who throws with the left hand
subtype: #relief_pitcher__reliever__fireman a pitcher who does not start the game
subtype: #screwballer (baseball) a pitcher who throws screwballs
subtype: #starting_pitcher the pitcher who starts in a baseball game
subtype: #utility_man.ballplayer__utilityman a baseball player valued for the ability to play at several positions
instance: #Henry_Louis_Aaron__Aaron__Hank_Aaron #Lawrence_Peter_Berra__Berra__Yogi__Yogi_Berra #Joseph_Paul_DiMaggio__DiMaggio__Joe_DiMaggio #Henry_Louis_Gehrig__Gehrig__Lou_Gehrig #Mickey_Charles_Mantle__Mantle__Mickey_Mantle #Willie_Howard_Mays_Jr.__Mays__Willie_Mays__the_Say_Hey_Kid #John_Joseph_McGraw__McGraw__John_McGraw #Stanley_Frank_Musial__Musial__Stan_Musial__stanmusial__Stan_the_Man #Leroy_Robert_Paige__Paige__Satchel_Paige #Jack_Roosevelt_Robinson__Robinson__Jackie_Robinson #George_Herman_Ruth__Ruth__Babe_Ruth__Sultan_of_Swat #Theodore_Samuel_Williams__Williams__Ted_Williams #Carl_Yastrzemski__Yastrzemski #Danton_True_Young__Young__Cy_Young
subtype: #basketball_player__basketeer__cager an athlete who plays basketball
subtype: #center.basketball_player (basketball) the person who plays center
subtype: #dribbler a basketball player who is dribbling the ball to advance it
subtype: #dunker a basketball player who is able to make dunk shots
subtype: #forward.basketball_player the person who plays the position of forward on a basketball team
instance: #Julius_Winfield_Erving__Erving__Julius_Erving__Dr._J
subtype: #guard.basketball_player the person who plays the position of guard on a basketball team
subtype: #bounder__leaper__jumper an athlete who bounds or leaps (as in basketball)
subtype: #climber someone who climbs as a sport
subtype: #escalader someone who gains access by the use of ladders
subtype: #mountaineer__mountain_climber someone who climbs mountains
subtype: #rock_climber__cragsman a climber of vertical rock faces
subtype: #cricketer an athlete who plays cricket
subtype: #bowler.cricketer delivers the ball to the batsman in cricket
subtype: #fieldsman__fielder a member of the cricket team that is fielding rather than batting
subtype: #outfielder.fieldsman a fielder in cricket who is stationed in the outfield
subtype: #wicket-keeper stands behind the wicket to catch balls
instance: #John_Berry_Hobbs__Hobbs__Sir_Jack_Hobbs #Sir_Leonard_Hutton__Hutton
subtype: #football_player__footballer an athlete who plays American football
subtype: #back.football_player (football) a person who plays in the backfield
subtype: #flankerback__flanker a back stationed wide of the scrimmage line; used as a pass receiver
subtype: #signal_caller__quarterback__field_general__fieldgeneral (football) the person who plays quarterback
subtype: #running_back__runningback (football) a back on the offensive team (a fullback or halfback) who tries to advance the ball by carrying it on plays from the line of scrimmage
subtype: #fullback.running_back (football) the running back who plays the fullback position on the offensive team
subtype: #halfback.running_back (football) the running back who plays the offensive halfback position
subtype: #tailback.back (football) the person who plays tailback
subtype: #wingback.back (football) the person who plays wingback
subtype: #ball_carrier (football) the football player who is carrying (and trying to advance) the ball on an offensive play
subtype: #forward_passer__forwardpasser__passer (football) a ball carrier who tries to gain ground by throwing a forward pass
subtype: #rusher.ball_carrier (football) a ball carrier who tries to gain ground by running with the ball
subtype: #blocker a football player whose responsibility is to block players attempting to stop an offensive play
subtype: #football_hero a football player who has achieved a reputation for success
subtype: #kicker a player who kicks the football
subtype: #dropkicker a football kicker who drops the ball and kicks it just as it reaches the ground
subtype: #place-kicker__placekicker (football) a kicker who makes a place kick for a goal
subtype: #punter (football) a person who kicks the football by dropping it from the hands and contacting it with the foot before it hits the ground
subtype: #line_backer__linebacker a defensive football player who takes a position close behind the linemen
subtype: #lineman.football_player one of the players on the line of scrimmage
subtype: #football_snapper__center__snapper (football) the person who plays center on the line of scrimmage and snaps the ball to the quarterback; "the center fumbled the handoff"
subtype: #football_end-line-man__end (football) the person who plays at one end of the line of scrimmage; "the end managed to hold onto the pass"
subtype: #split_end__splitend (football) an offensive end who lines up at a distance from the other linemen
subtype: #tight_end__tightend (football) an offensive end who lines up close to the tackle
subtype: #football_guard__guard the person who plays that position on a football team; "the left guard was injured on the play"
subtype: #tackle.lineman the person who plays that position on a football team; "the right tackle is a straight A student"
subtype: #pass_receiver__receiver__pass_catcher a football player who catches (or is supposed to catch) a forward pass
subtype: #tackler a football player who tackles the ball carrier
subtype: #gymnast an athlete who is skilled in gymnastics
subtype: #tumbler.gymnast a gymnast who performs rolls and somersaults and twists etc.
subtype: #turner.tumbler a tumbler who is a member of a turnverein
instance: #Olga_Korbut__Korbut
subtype: #ice-hockey_player__hockey_player an athlete who plays hockey
subtype: #center.ice-hockey_player (ice hockey) the person who plays center
subtype: #goalie__goalkeeper__goaltender__netkeeper the soccer or hockey player assigned to protect the goal
instance: #Wayne_Gretzky__Gretzky #Robert_Orr__Orr__Bobby_Orr
subtype: #hooker (rugby) the player in the middle of the front row of the scrum who tries to hook the ball
subtype: #hurdler an athlete who runs the hurdles
subtype: #jumper.athlete an athlete who competes at jumping
subtype: #hopper.jumper someone who hops; "at hopscotch, the best hoppers are the children"
instance: #Frederick_Carleton_Lewis__Lewis__Carl_Lewis
subtype: #lacrosse_player an athlete who plays lacrosse
subtype: #letterman an athlete who has earned a letter in a school sport
subtype: #Olympian__olympian an athlete who participates in the Olympic games
subtype: #pentathlete an athlete who competes in a pentathlon
subtype: #professional__pro an athlete who plays for pay
subtype: #free_agent (sports) a professional athlete who is free to sign a contract to play for any team
subtype: #semiprofessional__semipro an athlete who plays for pay on a part-time basis
subtype: #runner.athlete a trained athlete who competes in foot races
subtype: #marathoner__marathon_runner__road_runner__long-distance_runner someone who participates in long-distance races (especially in marathons)
subtype: #miler a runner in a one-mile race
subtype: #four-minute_man someone who has run the mile is less that 4 minutes
instance: #Sir_Roger_Gilbert_Bannister__Bannister__Roger_Bannister #John_Walker__Walker
subtype: #sprinter someone who runs a short distance at top speed
instance: #Frederick_Carleton_Lewis__Lewis__Carl_Lewis
subtype: #sharpshooter.athlete an athlete noted for accurate aim
subtype: #shot_putter an athlete who competes in the shot put
subtype: #skater someone who skates
subtype: #ice-skater__iceskater someone who engages in ice skating
subtype: #roller-skater someone who engages in roller skating
subtype: #skateboarder someone who skates on a skateboard
subtype: #skier someone who skis
subtype: #langlauffer a cross-country skier
subtype: #ski_jumper__skijumper a skier who leaps through the air (especially on a ski jump)
subtype: #skydiver__parachute_jumper__parachutejumper a person who jumps from a plane and performs various gymnastic maneuvers before pulling the parachute cord
subtype: #sledder someone who rides a sled
subtype: #luger__slider someone who races the luge
subtype: #tobogganist someone who rides a toboggan
subtype: #soccer_player an athlete who plays soccer
subtype: #goalie__goalkeeper__goaltender__netkeeper the soccer or hockey player assigned to protect the goal
subtype: #sportsman__sport__sportswoman someone who engages in sports
subtype: #striker.athlete (soccer) a forward on a soccer team
subtype: #substitute__reserve an athlete who plays only when another member of the team drops out
subtype: #bench_warmer__benchwarmer (sports) a substitute who seldom plays
subtype: #pinch_hitter__pinchhitter (baseball or softball) a substitute for the regular batter
subtype: #swimmer a trained athlete who participates in swimming meets; "he was an Olympic swimmer"
subtype: #backstroker someone who swims the backstroke
subtype: #breaststroker someone who swims the breaststroke
subtype: #diver__plunger someone who dives (into water)
instance: #Gertrude_Caroline_Ederle__Ederle__Gertrude_Ederle
subtype: #swinger someone who swings sports implements
subtype: #tennis_player an athlete who plays tennis
subtype: #tennis_pro__professional_tennis_player someone who earns a living playing or teaching tennis
instance: #Arthur_Robert_Ashe__Ashe__Arthur_Ashe #John_Donald_Budge__Budge__Don_Budge #Maureen_Catherine_Connolly__Connolly__Little_Mo_Connolly #James_Scott_Connors__Connors__Jimmy_Conors #Margaret_Court__Court #Dwight_Filley_Davis__Davis__Dwight_Davis #Christine_Marie_Evert__Evert__Chris_Evert__Chrissie_Evert #Althea_Gibson__Gibson #Stephanie_Graf__Graf__Steffi_Graf #Billie_Jean_Moffitt_King__King__Billie_Jean_King #Rodney_George_Laver__Laver__Rod_Laver #Ivan_Lendl__Lendl #Helen_Wills_Moody__Moody__Helen_Wills__Helen_Newington_Wills #Martina_Navratilova__Navratilova #Monica_Seles__Seles #William_Tatem_Tilden_Jr.__Tilden__Big_Bill_Tilden #Virginia_Wade__Wade
subtype: #pole_vaulter__vaulter__pole_jumper an athlete who jumps over a high crossbar with the aid of a long pole
subtype: #weightlifter__lifter an athlete who lifts barbells
subtype: #winger (soccer; hockey; rugby; football) player in wing position
instance: #Robert_Bruce_Mathias__Mathias__mathia__Bob_Mathias #James_Cleveland_Owens__Owens__Jesse_Owens #James_Francis_Thorpe__Thorpe__Jim_Thorpe #Mildred_Ella_Didrikson_Zaharias__Zaharias__Babe_Zaharias__Didrikson__Babe_Didrikson__Mildred_Ella_Didrikson
subtype: #defaulter a contestant who forfeits a match
subtype: #entrant.contestant one who enters a competition
subtype: #long_shot.contestant__longshot a contestant that is unlikely to win
subtype: #also-ran__loser a contestant who loses the contest
subtype: #opponent__opposition__opposite a contestant that you are matched against
subtype: #player__participant a person who participates in or is skilled at some game
subtype: #ballplayer__baseball_player an athlete who plays baseball
subtype: #billiard_player someone who plays billiards
subtype: #bowler rolls balls down an alley at pins
subtype: #card_player someone who plays (or knows how to play) card games
subtype: #bridge_player__hand a card player in a game of bridge; "we need a 4th hand for bridge"
subtype: #bidder.bridge_player someone who makes a bid at cards
subtype: #preemptor__pre-emptor__preemptor a bidder in bridge who makes a preemptive bid
subtype: #bridge_partner one of a pair of bridge players who are on the same side of the game
subtype: #raiser a bridge partner who increases the partner's bid
subtype: #declarer__contractor the bridge player in contract bridge who wins the bidding and can declare which suit is to be trumps
subtype: #cardsharp__cardsharper a professional card player who makes a living by cheating at card games
subtype: #dealer.card_player the person who distributes the playing cards in a card game
subtype: #eldest_hand__eldesthand__elder_hand__elderhand the card player on the dealer's left
subtype: #shuffler.card_player the card player who shuffles the cards
instance: #Ely_Culbertson__Culbertson
subtype: #chess_player__chessplayer someone who plays the game of chess
subtype: #chess_master__chessmaster a chess player of great skill
instance: #Robert_James_Fischer__Fischer__Bobby_Fischer #Anatoli_Yevgenevich_Karpov__Karpov__Anatoli_Karpov #Gary_Kasparov__Kasparov__Gary_Weinstein #Viktor_Lvovich_Korchnoi__Korchnoi__Viktor_Korchnoi #Boris_Vasilevich_Spassky__Spassky__Boris_Spassky
subtype: #patzer a poor chess player
subtype: #dart_player someone who plays the game of darts
subtype: #football_player__footballer an athlete who plays American football
subtype: #golfer__golf_player__linksman someone who plays the game of golf
subtype: #driver.golfer a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
subtype: #golf_pro__professional_golfer someone who earns a living by playing or teaching golf
subtype: #hacker someone who plays golf poorly
subtype: #hooker.golfer a golfer whose shots typically curve left (for right-handed golfers)
subtype: #medal_winner__medalwinner__medalist__medallist (golf) the winner at medal play of a golf tournament
subtype: #putter a golfer who is putting
subtype: #slicer.golfer a golfer whose shots typically curve right (for right-handed golfers)
instance: #William_Benjamin_Hogan__Hogan__Ben_Hogan #Robert_Tyre_Jones__Jones__Bobby_Jones #Jack_William_Nicklaus__Nicklaus__Jack_Nicklaus #Gregory_John_Norman__Norman__Greg_Norman #Arnold_Daniel_Palmer__Palmer__Arnold_Palmer #Gene_Sarazen__Sarazen #Lee_Buck_Trevino__Trevino__Lee_Trevino__Supermex
subtype: #grandmaster a player of exceptional or world class skill in chess or bridge
subtype: #International_Grandmaster a chess player who has been awarded the highest title by the International Chess Federation
subtype: #ice-hockey_player__hockey_player an athlete who plays hockey
subtype: #lacrosse_player an athlete who plays lacrosse
subtype: #most_valuable_player__MVP the player judged to be the most important to the sport
subtype: #pool_player someone who shoots pool
subtype: #scorer.player a player who makes a score in a game or contest
subtype: #seeded_player__seed one of the outstanding players in a tournament
subtype: #server.player (court games) the player who serves to start a point
subtype: #shooter (sports) a player who drives or kicks a ball at the goal (or a basketball player who shoots at the basket)
subtype: #soccer_player an athlete who plays soccer
subtype: #stringer.player a member of a squad on a team; "a first stringer"; "a second stringer"
subtype: #tennis_player an athlete who plays tennis
subtype: #volleyball_player someone who plays the game of volleyball
subtype: #pothunter.contestant someone who participates in contests in order to collect trophies
subtype: #qualifier a contestant who meets certain requirements and so qualifies to take part in the next stage of competition; "the tournament was won by a late qualifier"
subtype: #rival__challenger__competitor__competition__contender the contestant you hope to defeat; "he had respect for his rivals"; "he wanted to know what the competition was doing"
subtype: #champ__champion__title-holder__titleholder someone who has won first place in a competition
subtype: #record-breaker__record-holder someone who breaks a record
subtype: #comer someone with a promising future
subtype: #finalist a contestant who reaches the final stages of a competition
subtype: #foe__enemy a personal enemy; "they had been political foes for years"
subtype: #mortal_enemy an enemy who wants to kill you
subtype: #front-runner__frontrunner__favorite__favourite a competitor thought likely to win
subtype: #world-beater__worldbeater__king a competitor who holds a preeminent position
subtype: #runner-up__second_best the competitor who finishes second
subtype: #semifinalist one of four competitors remaining in a tournament by elimination
subtype: #street_fighter a contestant who is very aggressive and willing to use underhand methods
subtype: #tier.rival any one of two or more competitors who tie one another
subtype: #tilter.rival someone who engages in a tilt or joust
subtype: #starter a contestant who is in the game at the beginning
subtype: #starting_pitcher the pitcher who starts in a baseball game
subtype: #winner.contestant__victor the contestant who wins the contest
subtype: #medalist__medallist someone who has won a medal
subtype: #upsetter an unexpected winner; someone who defeats the favorite competitor
subtype: #walloper a winner by a wide margin
subtype: #withdrawer.contestant a contestant who withdraws from competition
subtype: #coward a person who shows fear or timidity
subtype: #cur a cowardly and despicable person
subtype: #caitiff (archaic) a cowardly and despicable person
subtype: #dastard a malicious coward
subtype: #poltroon__craven__recreant an abject coward
subtype: #quaker__trembler one who quakes and trembles with (or as with) fear
subtype: #shy_person__shyperson__shrinking_violet__shrinkingviolet someone who shrinks from familiarity with others
subtype: #wallflower.shy_person remains on sidelines at social event
subtype: #sissy__pantywaist__pansy__milksop__Milquetoast a timid man or boy considered childish or unassertive
subtype: #waverer__vacillator__hesitator__hesitater one who hesitates (out of fear)
subtype: #creator a person who grows or makes or invents things
subtype: #architect__designer someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)
subtype: #landscape_architect__landscapearchitect__landscape_gardener__landscapegardener someone who arranges features of the landscape or garden attractively
instance: #Andrew_Jackson_Downing__Downing #Andre_Le_Notre__Le_Notre #Frederick_Law_Olmsted__Olmsted__olmsted #Calvert_Vaux__Vaux
instance: #Marcel_Lajos_Breuer__Breuer #John_Merven_Carrere__Carrere #Philibert_Delorme__Delorme__de_l'Orme__Philibert_de_l'Orme #Richard_Buckminster_Fuller__Fuller__Buckminster_Fuller__R._Buckminster_Fuller #Antonio_Gaudi__Gaudi #Cass_Gilbert__Gilbert #Walter_Gropius__Gropius #Thomas_Hastings__thomashasting__Hastings #Victor_Horta__Horta #Richard_Morris_Hunt__Hunt #Inigo_Jones__Jones #Benjamin_Henry_Latrobe__Latrobe #Le_Corbusier__Charles_Edouard_Jeanneret #Pierre_Charles_L'Enfant__L'Enfant #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci #Maya_Lin__Lin #Sir_Edwin_Lutyens__Lutyens__Sir_Edwin_Landseer_Luytens #Francois_Mansart__Mansart__mansart #Charles_Follen_McKim__McKim #Michelangelo_Buonarroti__Michelangelo #Ludwig_Mies_Van_Der_Rohe__Mies_Van_Der_Rohe #Pier_Luigi_Nervi__Nervi #Andrea_Palladio__Palladio #Ieoh_Ming_Pei__Pei__I._M._Pei #Albert_Speer__Speer #Edward_Durell_Stone__Stone #Louis_Henry_Sullivan__Sullivan__Louis_Sullivan__Louis_Henri_Sullivan #Kenzo_Tange__Tange #William_Thornton__Thornton #Richard_Upjohn__Upjohn #Henri_Clemens_van_de_Velde__van_de_Velde__Henri_van_de_Velde #Robert_Charles_Venturi__Venturi__Robert_Venturi #Stanford_White__White #Sir_Christopher_Wren__Wren #Frank_Lloyd_Wright__Wright #James_Wyatt__Wyatt
subtype: #artist__creative_person a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
subtype: #illustrator an artist who makes illustrations (for books or magazines or advertisements etc.)
subtype: #commercial_artist an illustrator who is supported by advertising
instance: #Hablot_Knight_Browne__Browne__Phiz #Norman_Rockwell__Rockwell
subtype: #classic.artist an artist who has created classic works
subtype: #classicist an artistic person who adheres to classicism
subtype: #constructivist an artist of the school of constructivism
subtype: #decorator__ornamentalist someone who decorates
subtype: #draftsman__drawer an artist skilled at drawing
subtype: #cartoonist a person who draws cartoons
instance: #Jules_Feifer__Feifer #Reuben_Lucius_Goldberg__Goldberg__Rube_Goldberg #Sir_David_Alexander_Cecil_Low__Low__David_Low #William_Henry_Mauldin__Mauldin__Bill_Mauldin #Thomas_Nast__Nast #Charles_Munroe_Schulz__Schulz__Charles_Schulz #Saul_Steinberg__Steinberg #Sir_John_Tenniel__Tenniel #James_Grover_Thurber__Thurber__James_Thurber
subtype: #pavement_artist someone who draws on the pavement with colored chalks (hoping that passers-by will give them money)
subtype: #sketcher.draftsman someone who draws sketches
subtype: #etcher someone who etches
subtype: #expressionist an artist who is an adherent of expressionism
subtype: #maestro__master an artist of consummate skill; "a master of the violin"; "one of the old masters"
subtype: #old_master__oldmaster a great European painter prior to 19th century
instance: #Sandro_Botticelli__Botticelli__Alessandro_di_Mariano_dei_Filipepi #Pieter_Brueghel_the_Elder__Brueghel__Breughel__Bruegel__Pieter_Brueghel__Pieter_Breughel__Pieter_Bruegel__Breughel_the_Elder #Michelangelo_Merisi_da_Caravaggio__Caravaggio #Giovanni_Cimabue__Cimabue #Antonio_Allegri_da_Correggio__Correggio #Albrecht_Durer__Durer #El_Greco__Greco__Domenikos_Theotocopoulos #Jan_van_Eyck__Eyck__van_Eyck #Giotto_di_Bondone__Giotto #William_Hogarth__Hogarth #Holbein_the_Elder__Holbein__Hans_Holbein #Holbein_the_Younger__Holbein__Hans_Holbein #Georges_de_La_Tour__La_Tour #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci #Fra_Filippo_Lippi__Lippi #Filippino_Lippi__Lippi #Michelangelo_Buonarroti__Michelangelo #Nicolas_Poussin__Poussin #Raffaello_Santi__Raphael__Raffaello_Sanzio #Rembrandt_Harmensz_van_Rijn__Rembrandt__Rembrandt_van_Rijn__Rembrandt_van_Ryn #Pierre_Auguste_Renoir__Renoir #Sir_Peter_Paul_Rubens__Rubens__Peter_Paul_Rubens #Tintoretto__Jacopo_Robusti #Titian__Tiziano_Vecellio #Sir_Anthony_Vandyke__Vandyke__Van_Dyck #Diego_Rodriguez_de_Silva_y_Velazquez__Velazquez #Jan_Vermeer__Vermeer__Jan_van_der_Meer #Paolo_Veronese__Veronese__Paola_Caliari #Jean_Antoine_Watteau__Watteau__watteau
subtype: #minimalist a practitioner or advocate of artistic minimalism
subtype: #modernist an artist who makes a deliberate break with previous styles
subtype: #musician artist who composes or conducts music as a profession
subtype: #arranger__adapter__transcriber a musician who adapts a composition for particular voices or instruments or for another style of performance
subtype: #orchestrator an arranger who writes for orchestras
subtype: #choirmaster__precentor__cantor the musical director of a choir
subtype: #composer composes music as a profession
subtype: #contrapuntist a composer who specializes in counterpoint
subtype: #psalmist a composer of sacred songs; "David is called The Psalmist because he is believed to be the author of the Book of Psalms
subtype: #songwriter__songster__ballad_maker a composer of words or music for popular songs
instance: #Irving_Berlin__Berlin__Israel_Baline #Hoagland_Howard_Carmichael__Carmichael__Hoagy_Carmichael #George_Michael_Cohan__Cohan__George_M._Cohan #Antoine_Domino__Domino__Fats_Domino #Bob_Dylan__Dylan #Stephen_Collins_Foster__Foster__Stephen_Foster #Woodrow_Wilson_Guthrie__Guthrie__Woody_Guthrie #Buddy_Holly__Holly__Charles_Hardin_Holley #John_Lennon__Lennon #Sir_James_Paul_McCartney__McCartney__Paul_McCartney #Paul_Simon__Simon
instance: #Johann_Sebastian_Bach__Bach #Ludwig_van_Beethoven__Beethoven__van_Beethoven #Louis-Hector_Berlioz__Berlioz__Hector_Berlioz #Leonard_Bernstein__Bernstein #Marc_Blitzstein__Blitzstein #Johannes_Brahms__Brahms #Maria_Luigi_Carlo_Zenobio_Cherubini__Cherubini__Luigi_Cherubini #Frederic_Francois_Chopin__Chopin #Aaron_Copland__Copland #Sir_Noel_Pierce_Coward__Coward__Noel_Coward #Karl_Czerny__Czerny #Claude_Achille_Debussy__Debussy__Claude_Debussey #Frederick_Delius__Delius #Gaetano_Donizetti__Donizetti #Antonin_Dvorak__Dvorak #Sir_Edward_Elgar__Elgar #Georges_Enesco__Enesco__George_Enescu #George_Gershwin__Gershwin #Mikhail_Ivanovich_Glinka__Glinka #Christoph_Willibald_von_Gluck__Gluck #Charles_Francois_Gounod__Gounod #George_Percy_Aldridge_Grainger__Grainger__Percy_Grainger #Edvard_hagerup_Grieg__Grieg__Edvard_Grieg #Jacques_Francois_Fromental_Elie_Halevy__Halevy__Fromental_Halevy #George_Frederick_Handel__Handel__Georg_Friedrich_Handel #William_Christopher_Handy__Handy__W._C._Handy #Franz_Joseph_Haydn__Haydn__Joseph_Haydn #Paul_Hindemith__Hindemith #Arthur_Honegger__Honegger #Engelbert_Humperdinck__Humperdinck #Charles_Edward_Ives__Ives #Scott_Joplin__Joplin #Jerome_David_Kern__Kern__Jerome_Kern #Aram_Ilich_Khachaturian__Khachaturian__Aram_Khachaturian #Leonard_Constant_Lambert__Lambert__Constant_Lambert #Franz_Lehar__Lehar #Franz_Liszt__Liszt #Baron_Lloyd_Webber_of_Sydmonton__Lloyd_Webber__Andrew_Lloyd_Webber #Frederick_Loewe__Loewe #Jean_Baptiste_Lully__Lully #Gustav_Mahler__Mahler #Jules_Emile_Frederic_Massenet__Massenet #Jakob_Ludwig_Felix_Mendelssohn-Bartholdy__Mendelssohn__Felix_Mendelssohn #Gian_Carlo_Menotti__Menotti #Giacomo_Meyerbeer__Meyerbeer__Jakob_Liebmann_Beer #Darius_Milhaud__Milhaud #Claudio_Monteverdi__Monteverdi #Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart__Mozart #Modest_Petrovich_Mussorgsky__Mussorgsky__Moussorgsky__Modest_Mussorgsky__Modest_Moussorgsky__Modest_Petrovich_Moussorgsky #Carl_August_Nielson__Nielson #Jacques_Offenbach__Offenbach #Roy_Orbison__Orbison #Giovanni_Pierluigi_da_Palestrina__Palestrina #Cole_Albert_Porter__Porter__Cole_Porter #Sergei_Sergeyevich_Prokofiev__Prokofiev #Giacomo_Puccini__Puccini #Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninoff__Sergei_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninov__Sergei_Rachmaninov__Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninov #Ottorino_Respighi__Respighi #Nikolai_Andreyevich_Rimsky-Korsakov__Rimsky-Korsakov__Rimski-Korsakov__Nikolai_Andreyevich_Rimski-Korsakov #Richard_Rodgers__Rodgers #Sigmund_Romberg__Romberg #Giloacchino_Antonio_Rossini__Rossini #Anton_Grigorevich_Rubinstein__Rubinstein__Anton_Gregor_Rubinstein #Erik_Alfred_Leslie_Satie__Satie__Erik_Satie #Artur_Schnabel__Schnabel #Arnold_Schonberg__Schonberg__Schoenberg__Arnold_Schoenberg #Franz_Peter_Schubert__Schubert__Franz_Schubert #Robert_Alexander_Schumann__Schumann__Robert_Schumann #Alexander_Nikolayevich_Scriabin__Scriabin #Andres_Segovia__Segovia__segovia #Roger_Huntington_Sessions__Sessions__Roger_Sessions #Dmitri_Dmitrievich_Shostakovich__Shostakovich__Dmitri_Shostakovich #Johan_Julius_Christian_Sibelius__Sibelius__Jean_Sibelius #Stephen_Sondheim__Sondheim #John_Philip_Sousa__Sousa__The_March_King #Strauss_the_Elder__Strauss__Johann_Strauss #Strauss_the_Younger__Strauss__Johann_Strauss #Richard_Strauss__Strauss #Igor_Fyodorovich_Stravinsky__Stravinsky__Igor_Stravinsky #Arthur_Seymour_Sullivan__Sullivan__Arthur_Sullivan__Sir_Arthur_Sullivan #Joseph_Deems_Taylor__Taylor__Deems_Taylor #Peter_Ilich_Tchaikovsky__Tchaikovsky__Peter_Tchaikovsky__Pyotr_Tchaikovsky__Pyotr_Ilich_Tchaikovsky #Georg_Philipp_Telemann__Telemann #Edgard_Varese__Varese #Ralph_Vaughan_Williams__Vaughan_Williams #Guiseppe_Fortunino_Francesco_Verdi__Verdi__Giuseppe_Verdi #Antonio_Lucio_Vivaldi__Vivaldi__Antonio_Vivaldi #Wilhelm_Richard_Wagner__Wagner__Richard_Wagner #Sir_William_Turner_Walton__Walton__Sir_William_Walton #Baron_Karl_Maria_Friedrich_Ernst_von_Weber__Weber #Kurt_Weill__Weill #Hugo_Wolf__Wolf
subtype: #music_director__musicdirector__conductor__director the person who leads a musical group
subtype: #bandleader the leader of a dance band
instance: #Benjamin_David_Goodman__Goodman__goodman__Benny_Goodman__the_King_of_Swing #Woodrow_Charles_Herman__Herman__Woody_Herman #Alton_Glenn_Miller__Miller__Glenn_Miller
subtype: #bandmaster the conductor of a band
instance: #John_Philip_Sousa__Sousa__The_March_King
subtype: #drum_major the leader of a marching band or drum corps
subtype: #drum_majorette a female drum major
instance: #Leonard_Bernstein__Bernstein #Arthur_Fiedler__Fiedler #Sergei_Aleksandrovich_Koussevitzky__Koussevitzky__Serge_Koussevitzky #Leonard_Constant_Lambert__Lambert__Constant_Lambert #Eugene_Ormandy__Ormandy #Seiji_Ozawa__Ozawa #Leopold_Antoni_Stanislaw_Stokowski__Stokowski__Leopold_Stokowski #George_Szell__Szell #Arturo_Toscanini__Toscanini #Bruno_Walter__Walter #Sir_Henry_Joseph_Wood__Wood__Sir_Henry_Wood
subtype: #virtuoso a musician who is a consummate master of technique and artistry
instance: #Victor_Herbert__Herbert #Yoko_Ono__Ono #Carl_Orff__Orff
subtype: #painter an artist who paints
subtype: #abstractionist__abstract_artist a painter of abstract pictures
instance: #Josef_Albers__Albers #Piet_Mondrian__Mondrian
subtype: #colorist a painter able to achieve special effects with color
subtype: #cubist an artist who adheres to the principles of cubism
subtype: #dauber an unskilled painter
subtype: #distortionist a painter who introduces distortions
subtype: #Fauve__fauvist a member of a group of French painters who followed Fauvism
subtype: #impressionist a painter who follows the theories of impressionism
subtype: #landscapist someone who paints landscapes
subtype: #miniaturist someone who paints tiny pictures in great detail
subtype: #oil_painter a painter who uses oil paints
subtype: #old_master__oldmaster a great European painter prior to 19th century
subtype: #pointilist a painter who uses the technique of pointilism
subtype: #portraitist__portrait_painter__portrayer a painter or drawer of portraits
subtype: #Postimpressionist an artist of the Postimpressionist school who revolted against impressionism
subtype: #realist.painter a painter who represents the world realistically and not in an idealized or romantic style
subtype: #scenic_artist__scene_painter__scenepainter an artist specializing in scenic subjects
subtype: #watercolorist__watercolourist paints with watercolors
instance: #Vanessa_Bell__Bell__Vanessa_Stephen #Thomas_Hart_Benton__Benton #Georges_Braque__Braque #Paul_Cezanne__Cezanne #Marc_Chagall__Chagall__chagall #Giorgio_de_Chirico__Chirico #John_Constable__Constable #John_Singleton_Copley__Copley__John_Copley #Jean_Baptiste_Camille_Corot__Corot #Gustave_Courbet__Courbet #Salvidor_Dali__Dali #Honore_Daumier__Daumier #Jacques_Louis_David__David #Willem_de_Kooning__de_Kooning #Ferdinand_Victor_Eugene_Delacroix__Delacroix__Eugene_Delacroix #Adnre_Derain__Derain #Raoul_Dufy__Dufy #Max_Ernst__Ernst #Jean_Honore_Fragonard__Fragonard #Roger_Eliot_Fry__Fry__Roger_Fry #Thomas_Gainsborough__Gainsborough #Paul_Gauguin__Gauguin #Alberto_Giacometti__Giacometti #Francisco_Jose_de_Goya_y_Lucientes__Goya__Francisco_Goya__Francisco_de_Goya__Francisco_Jose_de_Goya #Duncan_James_Corrow_Grant__Grant__Duncan_Grant #Jaun_Gris__Gris #Frederick_Childe_Hassam__Hassam__Childe_Hassam #Katsushika_Hokusai__Hokusai__hokusai #Winslow_Homer__Homer #Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres__Ingres #Wassily_Kandinsky__Kandinsky #Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner__Kirchner #Paul_Klee__Klee #Gustav_Klimt__Klimt #Franz_Joseph_Kline__Kline #Lee_Krasner__leekrasner__Krasner #Sir_Thomas_Lawrence__Lawrence #Fernand_Leger__Leger #Roy_Lichtenstein__Lichtenstein #Laurence_Stephen_Lowry__Lowry__L._S._Lowry #Rene_Magritte__Magritte #Kazimir_Severinovich_Malevich__Malevich__Kazimir_Malevich #Edouard_Manet__Manet #Andrea_Mantegna__Mantegna #Reginald_Marsh__Marsh #Henri_Emile_Benoit_Matisse__Matisse__Henri_Matisse #Jean_Francois_Millet__Millet #Joan_Miro__Miro #Modigliani__Amedeo_Modigliano #Claude_Monet__Monet #Samuel_Finley_Breese_Morse__Morse__Samuel_Morse__Samuel_F._B._Morse #Anne_Mary_Robertson_Moses__Moses__Grandma_Moses #Robert_Motherwell__Motherwell #Edvard_Munch__Munch #Bartolome_Esteban_Murillo__Murillo #O'Keeffe__Georgia_Okeeffe #Jose_Clemente_Orozco__Orozco__Jose_Orozco #Maxfield_Frederick_Parrish__Parrish__Maxfield_Parrish #Pablo_Picasso__Picasso #Jackson_Pollock__Pollock #Sir_Joshua_Reynolds__Reynolds #Mark_Rothko__Rothko #Le_Douanier_Rousseau__Rousseau__Henri_Rousseau #John_Singer_Sargent__johnsingersargent__Sargent__sargent #Georges_Pierre_Seurat__Seurat__Georges_Seurat #Benjamin_Shahn__Shahn__Ben_Shahn #David_Alfaro_Siqueiros__Siqueiros__David_Siqueiros #Chaim_Soutine__Soutine #Frank_Philip_Stella__Stella__Frank_Stella #Gilbert_Charles_Stuart__Stuart__Gilbert_Stuart #Thomas_Sully__Sully #Yves_Tanguy__Tanguy #Giovanni_Battista_Tiepolo__Tiepolo #Mark_Tobey__Tobey #Henri_Toulouse-Lautrec__Toulouse-Lautrec #Trumbull__John_Trumbull #Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner__Turner #Maurice_Utrillo__Utrillo #Vincent_van_Gogh__van_Gogh__Gogh #Viktor_Vasarely__Vasarely #Giorgio_Vasari__Vasari #Marie_Louise_Elisabeth_Vigee-Lebrun__Vigee-Lebrun__Elisabeth_Vigee-Lebrun #Maurice_de_Vlaminck__Vlaminck #Jean_Edouard_Vuillard__Vuillard__Edouard_Vuillard #Andy_Warhol__Warhol #Weber__Max_Weber #Benjamin_West__West #James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler__Whistler #Grant_Wood__Wood #Andrew_Wyeth__Wyeth
subtype: #photographer someone who takes photographs professionally
subtype: #cameraman__camera_operator__cinematographer a photographer who operates a movie camera
subtype: #press_photographer__pressphotographer a photographer who works for a newspaper
instance: #Mathew_B._Brady__Brady #Alfred_Eisenstaedt__Eisenstaedt #Dorothea_Lange__Lange #Edward_Jean_Steichen__Steichen #Alfred_Stieglitz__Stieglitz #William_Henry_Fox_Talbot__Talbot__Fox_Talbot #Edward_Weston__Weston
subtype: #Pre-Raphaelite a painter or writer dedicated to restoring early Renaissance ideals
instance: #William_Holman_Hunt__Hunt__Holman_Hunt #Sir_John_Everett_Millais__Millais__millai #Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti__Rossetti
subtype: #printmaker__graphic_artist__graphicartist an artist who designs and makes prints
subtype: #engraver.printmaker a printmaker who prints from an engraved printing plate
subtype: #lithographer a printmaker who uses lithography
instance: #Nathaniel_Currier__Currier #Honore_Daumier__Daumier #James_Merritt_Ives__Ives__James_Ives
subtype: #romanticist__romantic an artist of the romantic period or someone influenced by romanticism
subtype: #sculptor__sculpturer__carver__statue_maker an artist who creates sculptures
subtype: #sculptress a woman sculptor
instance: #Constantin_Brancusi__Brancusi #Alexander_Calder__Calder #Benvenuto_Cellini__Cellini #Thomas_Crawford__Crawford #Donatello__Donato_di_Betto_Bardi #Sir_Jacob_Epstein__Epstein__Jacob_Epstein #Daniel_Chester_French__French #Alberto_Giacometti__Giacometti #Dame_Barbara_Hepworth__Hepworth__Barbara_Hepworth #Malvina_Hoffman__Hoffman #Gaston_Lachaise__Lachaise #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci #Maya_Lin__Lin #Jacques_Lipchitz__Lipchitz #Lysippus #Aristide_Maillol__Maillol #Michelangelo_Buonarroti__Michelangelo #Modigliani__Amedeo_Modigliano #Henry_Spencer_Moore__Moore__Henry_Moore #Louise_Nevelson__Nevelson #Isamu_Noguchi__Noguchi #Pablo_Picasso__Picasso #Francois_Auguste_Rene_Rodin__Rodin__Auguste_Rodin #George_Segal__Segal #David_Roland_Smith__Smith__David_Smith #Lorado_Taft__Taft
subtype: #stylist an artist who is a master of a particular style
subtype: #surrealist an artist who is a member of the movement called surrealism
subtype: #symbolist a member of an artistic movement that expressed ideas indirectly via symbols
instance: #Jean_Arp__Arp__Hans_Arp #John_James_Audubon__Audubon #Marcel_Duchamp__Duchamp #Jasper_Johns__Johns #Edward_Lear__Lear #Louis_Comfort_Tiffany__Tiffany
subtype: #builder__developer__constructor someone who contracts for and supervises the construction of a building
subtype: #boatbuilder a person who builds boats
subtype: #contractor someone (a person or firm) who contracts to build things
subtype: #defense_contractor__defensecontractor a contractor concerned with the development and manufacture of systems of defense
subtype: #hauler__haulier a haulage contractor
subtype: #garbage_carter__garbagecarter__carter__garbage_hauler__garbagehauler a hauler of garbage; "there is a web site where licensed carters and would-be customers can make connections"
subtype: #ship-breaker a contractor who buys old ships and breaks them up for scrap
subtype: #subcontractor someone who enters into a subcontract with the primary contractor
subtype: #homebuilder__housebuilder someone who builds houses as a business
subtype: #jerry-builder__jerrybuilder someone who builds cheap buildings out of poor materials on speculation for a quick profit
subtype: #road_builder someone whose business is to build roads
subtype: #shipbuilder.builder a person who builds ships as a business
subtype: #choreographer someone who creates new dances
instance: #Alvin_Ailey__Ailey #Alicia_Alonso__Alonso #Sir_Frederick_Ashton__Ashton #George_Balanchine__Balanchine #Mikhail_Baryshnikov__Baryshnikov #Merce_Cunningham__Cunningham #Agnes_George_De_Mille__De_Mille__Agnes_De_Mille #Martha_Graham__Graham #Lev_Ivanov__Ivanov #Judith_Jamison__Jamison #Robert_Joffrey__Joffrey #Rudolph_Laban__Laban #Leonide_Fedorovitch_Massine__leonidefedorovitchmassine__Massine__Leonid_Fyodorovich_Myasin #Jerome_Robbins__Robbins__robbin #Ted_Shawn__Shawn #Ruth_St._Denis__St._Denis__Saint_Denis__Ruth_Saint_Denis #Twyla_Tharp__Tharp #Antony_Tudor__Tudor
subtype: #couturier__fashion_designer__fashiondesigner__clothesdesigner someone who designs clothing
subtype: #costumier__costumer__costume_designer__costumedesigner someone who designs or supplies costumes (as for a play or masquerade)
instance: #Christian_Dior__Dior #Calvin_Richard_Klein__Klein__Calvin_Klein #Elsa_Schiaparelli__Schiaparelli #Gianni_Versace__Versace #Charles_Frederick_Worth__charlesfrederickworth__Worth
subtype: #crafter a creator of great skill in the manual arts; "the jewelry was made by internationally famous craftsmen"
subtype: #fantasist a creator of fantasies
subtype: #farmer__husbandman__granger__sodbuster a person who operates a farm
subtype: #contadino an Italian farmer
subtype: #agriculturist__cultivator__grower__raiser someone concerned with the science or art or business of cultivating the soil
subtype: #fruit_grower__fruitgrower someone who grows fruit commercially
subtype: #beekeeper__apiarist__apiculturist a farmer who keeps bees for their honey
subtype: #dairy_farmer__dairyfarmer__dairyman the owner or manager of a dairy
subtype: #forester__tree_farmer__arboriculturist someone trained in forestry
subtype: #lumberman__lumberjack__timberman__feller__faller a person that works at lumbering and fells trees
subtype: #logger a lumberman who cuts logs into lengths after the trees have been felled
subtype: #scorer a logger who marks trees to be felled
instance: #Paul_Bunyan__Bunyan
subtype: #plantation_owner__planter the owner or manager of a plantation
subtype: #rancher a person who owns or operates a ranch
subtype: #grazier a rancher who grazes cattle or sheep for market
subtype: #smallholder (British) a person owning or renting a smallholding
subtype: #small_farmer__smallfarmer a farmer on a small farm
subtype: #crofter an owner or tenant of a small farm in Great Britain
subtype: #sower someone who sows
subtype: #stockman__stock_raiser__stockraiser__stock_farmer__stockfarmer farmer who breed or raises livestock
subtype: #stock_breeder__stockbreeder__breeder a person who breeds animals
subtype: #cow_man__cowman__cattleman__beef_man a man who raises (or tends) cattle
subtype: #sheepman a man who raises (or tends) sheep
subtype: #tenant_farmer a farmer who works land owned by someone else
subtype: #tiller.farmer someone who tills land (prepares the soil for the planting of crops)
subtype: #inventor__discoverer__artificer someone who is the first to think of or make something
subtype: #patentee the inventor to whom a patent is issued
instance: #Alexander_Graham_Bell__Bell__Alexander_Bell #Sir_Henry_Bessemer__Bessemer #John_Moses_Browning__Browning__John_M._Browning #William_Seward_Burroughs__Burroughs #Edmund_Cartwright__Cartwright #Louis_Jacques_Mande_Daguerre__Daguerre #Lee_De_Forest__De_Forest__The_Father_of_Radio #George_Eastman__Eastman #Thomas_Alva_Edison__Edison__Thomas_Edison #Robert_Fulton__Fulton #Richard_Jordan_Gatling__Gatling #Gillette__King_Camp_Gilette #Peter_Carl_Goldmark__Goldmark__Peter_Goldmark #Charles_Goodyear__Goodyear #James_Hargreaves__Hargreaves #Hero_of_Alexandria__Hero__Heron #Herman_Hollerith__Hollerith #Elias_Howe__Howe #Joseph_Marie_Jacquard__Jacquard__Joseph_M._Jacquard #Edwin_Herbert_Land__Land__Din_Land #Samuel_Pierpoint_Langley__Langley #Peter_Paul_Mauser__Mauser__von_Mauser__P._P._von_Mauser #Sir_Hiram_Stevens_Maxim__Maxim #Cyrus_Hall_McCormick__McCormick__Cyrus_McCormick #Ottmar_Mergenthaler__Mergenthaler #Samuel_Finley_Breese_Morse__Morse__Samuel_Morse__Samuel_F._B._Morse #Eadweard_Muybridge__Muybridge__Edward_James_Muggeridge #Elisha_Graves_Otis__Otis #Isaac_Merrit_Singer__Singer__Isaac_M._Singer #Elmer_Ambrose_Sperry__Sperry #Francis_Edgar_Stanley__Stanley #Charles_Proteus_Steinmetz__Steinmetz #William_Henry_Fox_Talbot__Talbot__Fox_Talbot #Nikola_Tesla__Tesla #James_Watt__Watt #George_Westinghouse__Westinghouse #Sir_Charles_Wheatstone__Wheatstone #Eli_Whitney__Whitney #Orville_Wright__Wright #Wilbur_Wright__Wright #Count_Ferdinand_von_Zeppelin__Zeppelin
subtype: #shaper__maker a person who makes things
subtype: #basketweaver__basketmaker someone skilled in weaving baskets
subtype: #belt_maker a maker of belts
subtype: #bookmaker a maker of books; someone who edits or publishes or binds books
subtype: #beer_maker__brewer someone who brews beer or ale from malt and hops and water
subtype: #chandler a maker (and seller) of candles and soap and oils and paints
subtype: #candlemaker a person who makes or sells candles
subtype: #wax-chandler__waxchandler one who deals in wax candles
subtype: #shoemaker__cobbler a person who makes or repairs shoes
subtype: #bootmaker__boot_maker a maker of boots
subtype: #confectioner__candymaker someone who makes candies and other sweets
instance: #Milton_Snavely_Hershey__Hershey
subtype: #author__generator__source someone who originates or causes or initiates something; "he was the generator of several complaints"
subtype: #coiner someone who is a source of new words or new expressions
subtype: #glassmaker some who makes glass
subtype: #hatmaker__hatter__milliner__modiste someone who makes and sells hats
subtype: #ironworker a person who makes articles of iron
subtype: #puddler a worker who turns pig iron into wrought iron by puddling
subtype: #jewelry_maker__jewelrymaker__jeweler__jeweller someone who makes jewelry
subtype: #goldsmith__goldworker an artisan who makes jewelry and other objects out of gold
instance: #Peter_Carl_Faberge__Faberge
subtype: #silversmith__silverworker someone who makes or repairs articles of silver
instance: #Paul_Revere__Revere
subtype: #maltster__maltman a maker of malt
subtype: #manufacturer__producer someone who manufactures something
subtype: #arms_manufacturer someone who manufactures arms and munitions
instance: #Alfred_Krupp__Krupp #Peter_Paul_Mauser__Mauser__von_Mauser__P._P._von_Mauser
subtype: #brewer the owner or manager of a brewery
subtype: #distiller someone who distills alcoholic liquors
subtype: #food_manufacturer a person who manufactures food products
instance: #W._K._Kellogg__Kellogg__Will_Keith_Kellog
subtype: #sericulturist a producer of raw silk
instance: #Cyrus_Hall_McCormick__McCormick__Cyrus_McCormick #John_Mercer__Mercer #Isaac_Merrit_Singer__Singer__Isaac_M._Singer #Eli_Whitney__Whitney
subtype: #needleworker someone who does work (as sewing or embroidery) with a needle
subtype: #edger.needleworker a person who puts finishing edges on a garment
subtype: #embroiderer someone who ornaments with needlework
subtype: #embroideress a woman embroiderer
subtype: #garmentmaker__garmentworker__garment_worker__garmentworker a person who makes garments
subtype: #cloakmaker__furrier someone whose occupation is making or repairing fur garments
subtype: #dressmaker__modiste__needlewoman__seamstress__sempstress someone who makes or mends dresses
instance: #Betsy_Griscom_Ross__Ross__Betsy_Ross
subtype: #outfitter someone who provides outfits
subtype: #stitcher a garmentmaker who performs the finishing steps
subtype: #tailor__seamster__sartor a person whose occupation is making and altering garments
subtype: #fitter someone who fits a garment to a particular person
subtype: #knitter someone who makes garments (or fabrics) by intertwining yarn or thread
subtype: #sewer someone who sews; "a sewer of fine gowns"
subtype: #baster.sewer__tacker a sewer who fastens a garment with long loose stitches
subtype: #sewing-machine_operator someone who sews by operating a sewing machine
subtype: #tucker.sewer a sewer who tucks
subtype: #patternmaker someone who makes patterns (as for sewing or carpentry or metalworking)
subtype: #perfumer a person who makes (and sells) perfumes
subtype: #piano_maker__pianomaker a person who makes pianos
instance: #Heinrich_Engelhard_Steinway__Steinway__Henry_Steinway__Henry_Engelhard_Steinway
subtype: #saddler a maker and repairer and seller of equipment for horses
subtype: #sailmaker a maker of sails
subtype: #shirtmaker a maker of shirts
subtype: #thread_maker__spinner__spinster someone who spins (who twists fibers into threads)
subtype: #steelmaker__steelworker__steelman a worker engaged in making steel
subtype: #tentmaker someone who makes or repairs tents
subtype: #toolmaker someone skilled in making or repairing tools
subtype: #winemaker__vintner__wine_maker someone who makes wine
subtype: #violin_maker someone who makes violins
instance: #Nicolo_Amati__Amati__Nicola_Amati #Andrea_Guarneri__Guarneri__Guarnieri__Guarnerius #Guiseppe_Guarneri__Guarneri__Guarnieri__Guarnerius #Antonio_Stradivari__Stradivari__Stradivarius__Antonius_Stradivarius
subtype: #watchmaker__horologist__horologer someone who makes or repairs watches
subtype: #wigmaker someone who makes and sells wigs
subtype: #modeler__modeller a person who creates models
instance: #Madame_Tussaud__Tussaud__tussaud__Marie_Tussaud__Marie_Grosholtz
subtype: #originator__conceiver__mastermind someone who creates new things
subtype: #beginner__founder__founding_father__father a person who founds or establishes some institution; "George Washington is the father of his country"
subtype: #cofounder one of a group of founders
subtype: #colonizer someone who helps to found a colony
instance: #Sir_Walter_Raleigh__Raleigh__Walter_Raleigh__Ralegh__Walter_Ralegh__Sir_Walter_Ralegh #Cecil_John_Rhodes__Rhodes__Cecil_Rhodes__Cecil_J._Rhodes
subtype: #foundress__foundres a woman founder
subtype: #innovator__pioneer someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art
subtype: #proposer__mover (parliamentary procedure) someone who makes a formal motion
subtype: #nominator someone who proposes a candidate for appointment or election
subtype: #suggester__proposer someone who advances a suggestion or proposal; "the suggester of this absurd strategy was a fool"
subtype: #producer someone who finds financing for and supervises the making and presentation of a show (play or film or program or similar work)
subtype: #film_maker__film_producer__movie_maker__moviemaker a producer of motion pictures
subtype: #auteur a filmmaker who has a personal style and keeps creative control over his or her works
subtype: #New_Waver a film maker who follows New Wave ideas
instance: #Allen_Stewart_Konigsberg__Allen__Woody_Allen #Bernardo_Bertolucci__Bertolucci #Frank_Capra__Capra #Sir_Charles_Spencer_Chaplin__Chaplin__Charlie_Chaplin #Jean_Cocteau__Cocteau #Francis_Ford_Coppola__Coppola #Cecil_Blount_De_Mille__De_Mille__Cecil_B._De_Mille #Vittorio_De_Sica__De_Sica #Walter_Elias_Disney__Disney__Walt_Disney #Sergei_Mikhailovich_Eisenstein__Eisenstein__Sergei_Eisenstein #John_Ford__Ford #Jean_Luc_Godard__Godard #Samuel_Goldwyn__Goldwyn__Sam_Goldwyn #David_Lewelyn_Wark_Griffith__Griffith__D._W._Griffith #Howard_Robard_Hughes__Hughes__Howard_Hughes #John_Huston__Huston #Norman_Jewison__Jewison #Krzysztof_Kieslowski__Kieslowski #Sir_Alexander_Korda__Korda__Sandor_Kellner #Stanley_Kubrick__Kubrick #Akira_Kurosawa__Kurosawa #Shelton_Jackson_Lee__Lee__Spike_Lee #Ernst_Lubitsch__Lubitsch #George_Lucas__Lucas #Louis_Burt_Mayer__Mayer__Louis_B._Mayer #Sydney_Pollack__Pollack #Charles_Robert_Redford__Redford__Robert_Redford #Martin_Scorsese__Scorsese #David_Oliver_Selznick__Selznick__David_O._Selznick #Mack_Sennett__Sennett #Spielburg__Steven_Spielberg #George_Stevens__Stevens #Oliver_Stone__Stone #Quentin_Jerome_Tarantino__Tarantino__Quentin_Tarantino #Andrei_Arsenevich_Tarkovsky__Tarkovsky__Andrei_Tarkovsky #Jacques_Tati__Tati__Jacques_Tatischeff #Francois_Truffaut__Truffaut #Don_Luchino_Visconti_Conte_di_Modrone__Visconti__Luchino_Visconti #Josef_von_Sternberg__von_Sternberg #Andrzej_Wajda__Wajda #Charles_Dudley_Warner__Warner #George_Orson_Welles__Welles__Orson_Welles #Samuel_Wilder__Wilder__Billy_Wilder #William_Wyler__Wyler #Darryl_Francis_Zanuck__Zanuck__Darryl_Zanuck #Fred_Zinnemann__Zinnemann
subtype: #theatrical_producer someone who produces theatrical performances
instance: #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker #Sir_Herbert_Beerbohm_Tree__Tree #Florenz_Ziegfeld__Ziegfeld__Flo_Ziegfeld
subtype: #disputant a person who disputes; who is good at or enjoys controversy
subtype: #accuser someone who imputes guilt or blame
subtype: #debater__arguer someone who engages in debate
subtype: #devil's_advocate__devil'sadvocate someone who takes the worse side just for the sake of argument
subtype: #disprover__rebutter__refuter a debater who refutes or disproves by offering contrary evidence or argument
subtype: #wrangler someone who argues noisily or angrily
subtype: #denier one who denies
subtype: #logomach__logomachist someone given to disputes over words
subtype: #obstructionist__obstructor__obstructer__resister__thwarter someone who systematically obstructs some action that others want to take
subtype: #naysayer someone with an aggressively negative attitude
subtype: #stonewaller one who stonewalls or refuses to answer or cooperate
subtype: #quarreler__quarreller a disputant who quarrels
subtype: #quibbler__caviller__caviler__pettifogger a disputant who quibbles; someone who raises annoying petty objections
subtype: #radical a person who has radical ideas or opinions
subtype: #anarchist__nihilist__syndicalist an advocate of anarchism
instance: #Mikhail_Aleksandrovich_Bakunin__Bakunin__Mikhail_Bakunin #Emma_Goldman__Goldman #Pyotr_Alexeyevich_Kropotkin__Kropotkin__Prince_Peter_Kropotkin #Nicola_Sacco__Sacco #Benjamin_Ricketson_Tucker__Tucker #Bartolomeo_Vanzetti__Vanzetti
subtype: #Bolshevik__Marxist__pinko__red__bolshie emotionally charged terms used to refer to extreme radicals or revolutionaries
subtype: #extremist a person who holds extreme views
subtype: #leveler__leveller a radical who advocates the abolition of political or economic or social inequalities
subtype: #revolutionist__revolutionary__subversive__subverter a radical supporter of political or social revolution
subtype: #counterrevolutionist__counterrevolutionary a revolutionary whose aim is to reverse the changes introduced by an earlier revolution
subtype: #dynamiter__dynamitist a person who uses dynamite in a revolutionary cause
subtype: #Girondist a member of the moderate republican party during the French Revolution; the Girondists were overthrown by their more radical rivals the Jacobins
subtype: #insurgent__insurrectionist__freedom_fighter__freedomfighter__rebel a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)
subtype: #mutineer open rebellion and refusal to obey authorities (especially by seamen or soldiers)
instance: #Nat_Turner__Turner #Denmark_Vesey__Vesey #Sir_William_Wallace__Wallace
instance: #Marie_Anne_Charlotte_Corday_d'Armont__Corday__Charlotte_Corday #Georges_Jacques_Danton__Danton #Ernesto_Guevara_de_la_Serna__Guevara__Che_Guevara #Mao_Tsetung__Mao__Mao_Zedong #Jean_Paul_Marat__Marat #Jose_Julian_Marti__Marti #Karl_Marx__Marx #Comte_de_Mirabeau__Mirabeau__Honore-Gabriel_Victor_Riqueti #Maxmillien_Marie_Isidore_de_Robespierre__Robespierre #Leon_Trotsky__Trotsky__Lev_Davidovich_Bronstein #Francisco_Villa__Villa__Pancho_Villa__Doroteo_Arango #Emiliano_Zapata__Zapata #Zhou_En-lai__Chou_En-lai
subtype: #terrorist a radical who employs terror as a political weapon
instance: #Jacobin
subtype: #Trotskyite__Trotskyist__Trot radicals who support Trotsky's theory that socialism must be established throughout the world by continuing revolution
subtype: #Young_Turk a radical who agitates for reform
subtype: #reformist__reformer__crusader__meliorist a disputant who advocates reform
subtype: #abolitionist__emancipationist a reformer who favors abolishing slavery
instance: #Henry_Ward_Beecher__Beecher #John_Brown__Brown #Frederick_Douglass__Douglass #William_Lloyd_Garrison__Garrison #Harriet_Elizabeth_Beecher_Stowe__Stowe__Harriet_Beecher_Stowe #Arthur_Tappan__Tappan #Sojourner_Truth__Truth #Harriet_Tubman__Tubman #Theodore_Dwight_Weld__Weld
subtype: #birth-control_campaigner__birthcontrolcampaigner__birth-control_reformer__birthcontrolreformer a social reformer who advocates birth control and family planning
instance: #Marie_Charlotte_Carmichael_Stopes__Stopes__Marie_Stopes
subtype: #Chartist a 19th century English reformer who advocated better social and economic conditions for working people
subtype: #civil_rights_leader__civil_rights_worker a leader of the political movement dedicated to securing equal opportunity for members of minority groups
instance: #Julian_Bond__Bond #William_Edward_Burghardt_Du_Bois__Du_Bois__W._E._B._Du_Bois #Medgar_Wiley_Evers__Evers__Medgar_Evers #James_Leonard_Farmer__Farmer #Jesse_Louis_Jackson__Jackson__Jesse_Jackson #Martin_Luther_King_Jr.__King__Martin_Luther_King #Malcolm_X__Malcolm_Little #James_Howard_Meredith__Meredith__James_Meredith #Rosa_Parks__Parks #Paul_Bustill_Robeson__Robeson__robeson__paulrobeson #Roy_Wilkins__Wilkins #Whitney_Moore_Young_Jr.__Young__Whitney_Young
subtype: #protester__demonstrator someone who participates in a public display of group feeling
subtype: #picket.protester a protester posted by a labor organization outside a place of work
subtype: #dry__prohibitionist a reformer who opposes the use of intoxicating beverages
instance: #Carry_Amelia_Moore_Nation__Nation__Carry_Nation #Frances_Elizabeth_Caroline_Willard__Willard
subtype: #environmentalist__conservationist someone who works to protect the environment from destruction or pollution
subtype: #Green an environmentalist who belongs to the Green Party
instance: #Rachel_Louise_Carson__Carson__Rachel_Carson #Barbara_Ward__Ward__Baroness_Jackson_of_Lodsworth
subtype: #feminist__women's_rightist__women'srightist__women's_liberationist__women'sliberationist__libber a supporter of feminism
subtype: #suffragette a woman advocate of women's right to vote (especially a militant advocate in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 20th century)
instance: #Simone_de_Beauvoir__Beauvoir #Betty_Naomi_Friedan__Friedan__Betty_Friedan #Charlotte_Anna_Perkins_Gilman__Gilman #Lucretia_Coffin_Mott__Mott #Alice_Paul__Paul #Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton__Stanton #Gloria_Steinem__Steinem #Lucy_Stone__Stone #Sojourner_Truth__Truth #Mary_Wollstonecraft_Godwin__Wollstonecraft__Mary_Wollstonecraft #Frances_Wright__Wright__Fanny_Wright
subtype: #hippie__hippy__hipster__flowerchild someone who rejects the established culture; advocates extreme liberalism in politics and lifestyle
subtype: #insurgent__insurrectionist__freedom_fighter__freedomfighter__rebel a person who takes part in an armed rebellion against the constituted authority (especially in the hope of improving conditions)
subtype: #militant__activist a militant reformer
subtype: #Black_Muslim activist member of a largely Black American group called The Nation of Islam
instance: #Elijah_Muhammad__Muhammad
subtype: #Black_Panther a member of the Black Panthers political party
instance: #Malcolm_X__Malcolm_Little
subtype: #non-resistant__nonresistant__passive_resister__passiveresister a reformer who believes in passive resistance
subtype: #Utopian an idealistic (but usually impractical) social reformer; "a Utopian believes in the ultimate perfectibility of man"
instance: #Anthony_Comstock__Comstock #John_Huss__Huss__Hus__Jan_Hus #Robert_Owen__Owen #Girolamo_Savonarola__Savonarola #Francis_Everett_Townsend__Townsend #John_Wilkes__Wilkes
subtype: #engineer__applied_scientist__appliedscientist__technologist a person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems
subtype: #aeronautical_engineer an engineer concerned with the design and construction of aircraft
instance: #Reginald_Joseph_Mitchell__Mitchell__R._J._Mitchell
subtype: #aerospace_engineer__aerospaceengineer an engineer of aircraft and space vehicles
subtype: #army_engineer__military_engineer a member of the military who is trained in engineering and construction work
subtype: #sapper a military engineer who does sapping (digging trenches or undermining fortifications)
subtype: #sapper.army_engineer a military engineer who lays or detects and disarms mines
subtype: #automotive_engineer an engineer concerned with the design and construction of automobiles
subtype: #civil_engineer__civilengineer an engineer trained to design and construct and maintain public works (roads or bridges or harbors etc.)
subtype: #highway_engineer__highwayengineer a civil engineer who specializes in the design and construction of roads and highways
instance: #David_Barnard_Steinman__Steinman
subtype: #electrical_engineer a person trained in practical applications of the theory of electricity
instance: #Vannevar_Bush__Bush #Lee_De_Forest__De_Forest__The_Father_of_Radio #Ray_M._Dolby__Dolby #Oliver_Heaviside__Heaviside #Arthur_Edwin_Kennelly__Kennelly__A._E._Kennelly #Guglielmo_Marconi__Marconi #Ernst_Werner_von_Siemens__Siemens #Sir_Clive_Marles_Sinclair__Sinclair__Clive_Sinclair #Charles_Proteus_Steinmetz__Steinmetz #Nikola_Tesla__Tesla #Elihu_Thomson__Thomson
subtype: #marine_engineer__naval_engineer__navalengineer an officer responsible for the operation and maintenance of the ship's engines
subtype: #mechanical_engineer a person trained to design and construct machines
subtype: #tribologist a specialist in tribology
subtype: #metallurgist__metallurgical_engineer__metallurgicalengineer an engineer trained in the extraction and refining and alloying and fabrication of metals
instance: #Sir_Henry_Bessemer__Bessemer
subtype: #mining_engineer an engineer concerned with the construction and operation of mines
subtype: #computer_programmer__programmer__coder__softwareengineer a person who designs and writes and tests computer programs
subtype: #hacker.computer_programmer a programmer for whom computing is its own reward; may enjoy the challenge of breaking into other computers
subtype: #rocket_engineer__rocket_scientist an engineer who builds and tests rockets
instance: #Wernher_Magnus_Maximilian_von_Braun__Braun__von_Braun__Wernher_von_Braun
subtype: #surveyor an engineer who determines the boundaries and elevations of land or structures
subtype: #lineman.surveyor the surveyor who marks positions with a range pole
subtype: #locator__locater a person who fixes the boundaries of land claims
instance: #Gottlieb_Daimler__Daimler #Rudolf_Christian_Karl_Diesel__Diesel__Rudolf_Diesel #Bryan_Donkin__Donkin #Alexandre_Gustave_Eiffel__Eiffel #George_Washington_Goethals__Goethals #Hugo_Junkers__Junkers #Charles_Franklin_Kettering__Kettering__Charles_Kettering #Leonardo_da_Vinci__Leonardo__da_Vinci #John_Augustus_Roebling__Roebling__John_Roebling #Claude_Elwood_Shannon__Shannon__shannon__Claude_Shannon__Claude_E._Shannon #Sir_Charles_William_Siemens__Siemens__Karl_Wilhelm_Siemens #Elmer_Ambrose_Sperry__Sperry #Richard_Trevithick__Trevithick #Thomas_Augustus_Watson__Watson #James_Watt__Watt
subtype: #entertainer a person who tries to please or amuse
subtype: #bombshell.entertainer an entertainer who has a sensational effect; "she was a blonde bombshell"
subtype: #busker a person who entertains people for money in public places (as by singing or dancing)
subtype: #drawing_card__drawingcard__draw__attraction__attractor an entertainer who attracts large audiences; "he was the biggest drawing card they had"
subtype: #humorist__humourist someone who acts speaks or writes in an amusing way
subtype: #parodist__lampooner mimics literary or musical style for comic effect
subtype: #caricaturist someone who parodies in an exaggerated manner
instance: #Sir_Henry_Maxmilian_Beerbohm__Beerbohm__Max_Beerbohm
subtype: #punster someone overly fond of making puns
subtype: #satirist__ironist a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm
instance: #Juvenal__Decimus_Junius_Juvenalis #Francois_Rabelais__Rabelais #Jonathan_Swift__Swift__Dean_Swift
subtype: #wag__wit__card (informal) a witty amusing person who makes jokes
instance: #Robert_Charles_Benchley__Benchley__Robert_Benchley #Samuel_Langhorne_Clemens__Clemens__Mark_Twain #Ringgold_Wilmer_Lardner__Lardner__Ring_Lardner #Stephen_Butler_Leacock__Leacock__Stephen_Leacock #Edward_Lear__Lear #Donald_Robert_Perry_Marquis__Marquis__Don_Marquis__donmarqui #William_Penn_Adair_Rogers__Rogers__Will_Rogers #Henry_Wheeler_Shaw__Shaw__Josh_Billings #James_Grover_Thurber__Thurber__James_Thurber
subtype: #master_of_ceremonies__emcee__host a person who acts as host at formal occasions (makes an introductory speech and introduces other speakers)
subtype: #compere British term for someone who introduces television acts or cabarets etc
subtype: #Lord_of_Misrule a person appointed master of revels at a Christmas celebration
subtype: #question_master__quizmaster (British) the host or chairman of a radio or tv quiz show or panel game
subtype: #ringmaster the person in charge of performances in a circus ring
subtype: #toastmaster the person who proposes toasts and introduces speakers at a banquet
subtype: #toast_mistress a woman toastmaster
instance: #Edward_Vincent_Sullivan__Sullivan__Ed_Sullivan
subtype: #performer__performing_artist an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for an audience
subtype: #histrion__actor__player__thespian__role_player a theatrical performer
subtype: #actress__actres a female actor
subtype: #leading_lady__leadinglady actress who plays the leading female role
subtype: #starlet a young (film) actress who is publicized as a future star
subtype: #tragedienne an actress who specializes in tragic roles
instance: #Tallulah_Bankhead__Bankhead #Georgiana_Emma_Barrymore__Barrymore__Georgiana_Barrymore #Ethel_Barrymore__Barrymore #Ingrid_Bergman__Bergman #Sarah_Bernhardt__Bernhardt__Henriette_Rosine_Bernard #Shirley_Temple_Black__Black__Shirley_Temple #Katherine_Cornell__Cornell #Joan_Crawford__Crawford #Bette_Davis__Davis #Marlene_Dietrich__Dietrich__Maria_Magdalene_von_Losch #Eleonora_Duse__Duse #Jane_Fonda__Fonda #Lynn_Fontanne__Fontanne #Greta_Garbo__Garbo__Greta_Louisa_Gustafsson #Judy_Garland__Garland #Lillian_Gish__Gish #Jean_Harlow__Harlow__Harlean_Carpenter #Helen_Hayes__Hayes #Katharine_Houghton_Hepburn__Hepburn__hepburn__Katharine_Hepburn #Glenda_Jackson__Jackson #Grace_Patricia_Kelly__Kelly__Grace_Kelly__Princess_Grace_of_Monaco #Lillie_Langtry__Langtry__the_Jersey_Lillie__Emilie_Charlotte_le_Breton #Gertrude_Lawrence__Lawrence #Eva_Le_Gallienne__Le_Gallienne #Vivien_Leigh__Leigh #Beatrice_Lillie__Lillie__Lady_Peel #Sophia_Loren__Loren__Sofia_Scicolone #Mary_Martin__Martin #Anna_Amalia_Mercouri__Mercouri__Melina_Mercouri #Marilyn_Monroe__Monroe__Norma_Jean_Baker #Alla_Nazimova__Nazimova #Mary_Pickford__Pickford__Gladys_Smith #Ginger_Rogers__Rogers__Virginia_McMath #Moira_Shearer__Shearer #Sarah_Kemble_Siddons__Siddons__Sarah_Siddons #Cornelia_Otis_Skinner__Skinner #Meryl_Streep__Streep #Barbra_Joan_Streisand__Streisand__Barbra_Streisand #Gloria_Swanson__Swanson__Gloria_May_Josephine_Svensson #Elizabeth_Taylor__Taylor #Dame_Alice_Ellen_Terry__Terry__Dame_Ellen_Terry #Dame_Sybil_Thorndike__Thorndike #Ethel_Waters__Waters #Mae_West__West #Natalie_Wood__Wood #Loretta_Young__Young
subtype: #barnstormer__playactor__trouper an actor who travels around the country presenting plays
subtype: #character_actor__characteractor an actor who specializes in playing supporting roles
subtype: #comedian an actor in a comedy
subtype: #comedienne.comedian a female actor in a comedy
instance: #Eleanor_Gwynn__Gwynn__Gywn__Gynne__Nell_Gwynn__Nell_Gywn__Nell_Gwynne__Eleanor_Gwyn__Eleanor_Gwynne
subtype: #ham_actor__hamactor__ham an unskilled actor who overacts
subtype: #heavy.histrion an actor who plays villainous roles
subtype: #ingenue.histrion an actress who specializes in playing the role of an artless innocent young girl
subtype: #leading_man__leadingman actor who plays the leading male role
subtype: #mime__mimer__mummer__pantomimer__pantomimist an actor who communicates entirely by gesture and facial expression
instance: #Marcel_Marceau__Marceau
subtype: #plant.histrion an actor situated in the audience whose acting is rehearsed but seems spontaneous to the audience
subtype: #scene-stealer__scenestealer an actor who draws more attention than other actors in the same scene; "babies are natural scene-stealers"
subtype: #star.histrion__principal__lead an actor who plays a principal role
subtype: #co-star one of two actors who are given equal status as stars in a play or film
subtype: #film_star__movie_star__moviestar a star who plays leading roles in the cinema
subtype: #matinee_idol__matineeidol__idol someone who is adored blindly and excessively
subtype: #heartthrob an object of infatuation
subtype: #television_star__TV_star a star in a television show
subtype: #supernumerary__spear_carrier__spearcarrier__extra a minor actor in crowd scenes
subtype: #tragedian.histrion one who specializes in tragic roles
subtype: #understudy__standby an actor able to replace a regular performer when required
subtype: #upstager a selfish actor who upstages the other actors
subtype: #walk-on plays a small part in a dramatic production
instance: #Allen_Stewart_Konigsberg__Allen__Woody_Allen #Fred_Astaire__Astaire #Maurice_Barrymore__Barrymore__Herbert_Blythe #Lionel_Barrymore__Barrymore #John_Barrymore__Barrymore #Humphrey_DeForest_Bogart__Bogart__Humphrey_Bogart #John_Wilkes_Booth__Booth #Richard_Burbage__Burbage__burbage #Richard_Burton__Burton #Jimmy_Cagney__Cagney__James_Cagney #Maurice_Chevalier__Chevalier #Frank_Cooper__Cooper__Gary_Cooper #Sir_Noel_Pierce_Coward__Coward__Noel_Coward #Harry_Lillis_Crosby__Crosby__Bing_Crosby #James_Byron_Dean__Dean__James_Dean #Robert_De_Niro__De_Niro #Gerard_Depardieu__Depardieu #John_Drew__Drew #Douglas_Elton_Fairbanks__Fairbanks__Douglas_Fairbanks__Julius_Ullman #Douglas_Fairbanks_Jr.__Fairbanks #Henry_Fonda__Fonda #William_Clark_Gable__Gable__gable__Clark_Gable #David_Garrick__Garrick__garrick #Mel_Columcille_Gerard_Gibson__Gibson__Mel_Gibson #Arthur_John_Gielgud__Gielgud__Sir_John_Gielgud #Cary_Grant__Grant #Harley_Granville-Barker__Granville-Barker #Sir_Alec_Guinness__Guinness__Alec_Guinness #Thomas_J._Hanks__Hanks__Tom_Hanks #Reginald_Carey_Harrison__Harrison__Rex_Harrison__Sir_Rex_Harrison #John_Heming__Heming__Hemminge__John_Hemminge #Dustin_Hoffman__Hoffman #Sir_Anthony_Philip_Hopkins__Hopkins__Anthony_Hopkins__Sir_Anthony_Hopkins #Leslie_Howard_Stainer__Howard__Leslie_Howard #Al_Jolson__Jolson__Asa_Yoelson #Boris_Karloff__Karloff__William_Henry_Pratt #Edmund_Kean__Kean #Joseph_Francis_Keaton__Keaton__Buster_Keaton #Eugene_Curran_Kelly__Kelly__Gene_Kelly #Charles_Laughton__Laughton #Lee_Yuen_Kam__Lee__Bruce_Lee #Jack_Lemmon__Lemmon__John_Uhler #Harold_Clayton_Lloyd__Lloyd__Harold_Lloyd #Peter_Lorre__Lorre__Laszlo_Lowestein #Bela_Lugosi__Lugosi__Bela_Ferenc_Blasko #Alfred_Lunt__Lunt #E._G._Marshall__Marshall #Steve_Martin__Martin #James_Neville_Mason__Mason__James_Mason #Robert_Mitchum__Mitchum #Dudley_Stuart_John_Moore__Moore__Dudley_Moore #Paul_Newman__Newman #Sir_Laurence_Kerr_Olivier__Olivier__Laurence_Olivier__Baron_Olivier_of_Birghton #Peter_Seamus_O'Toole__O'Toole__Peter_O'Toole #Sidney_Poitier__Poitier #Charles_Robert_Redford__Redford__Robert_Redford #Sir_Ralph_David_Richardson__Richardson__Ralph_Richardson #Edward_Goldenberg_Robinson__Robinson__Edward_G._Robinson #George_C._Scott__Scott #Peter_Sellers__Sellers #Francis_Albert_Sinatra__Sinatra__Frank_Sinatra #Otis_Skinner__Skinner #Konstantin_Sergeevich_Stanislavsky__Stanislavsky__Konstantin_Stanislavsky__Konstantin_Sergevich_Alekseev #James_Maitland_Stewart__Stewart__Jimmy_Stewart #Erich_von_Stroheim__Stroheim #Spencer_Tracy__Tracy #Sir_Herbert_Beerbohm_Tree__Tree #Peter_Alexander_Ustinov__Ustinov__Sir_Peter_Ustinov #John_Wayne__Wayne__Duke_Wayne #George_Orson_Welles__Welles__Orson_Welles
subtype: #artiste a public performer (a dancer or singer)
subtype: #baton_twirler__batontwirler__twirler someone who twirls a baton
subtype: #drum_majorette.baton_twirler__drummajorette a female baton twirler who accompanies a marching band
subtype: #comic__comedian a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comic acts
subtype: #merry_andrew__merryandrew__clown__buffoon a person who amuses others by ridiculous behavior
subtype: #harlequin a clown or buffoon (after the Harlequin character in the commedia dell'arte)
subtype: #jester__fool a professional clown employed to to entertain a king or nobleman in the middle ages
subtype: #whiteface a clown whose face is covered with white make-up
subtype: #zany a buffoon in one of the old comedies; imitates others for ludicrous effect
instance: #Emmett_Kelly__Kelly__Weary_Willie
subtype: #comedienne a female comedian
subtype: #gagman__standup_comedian__standupcomedian a comedian who uses gags
subtype: #jokester__joker a person who enjoys telling or playing jokes
subtype: #top_banana__topbanana the leading comedian in a burlesque show
instance: #George_Burns__Burns__Nathan_Birnbaum #Sir_Charles_Spencer_Chaplin__Chaplin__Charlie_Chaplin #Jimmy_Durante__Durante #W._C._Fields__Fields__William_Claude_Dukenfield #Oliver_Hardy__Hardy #Benny_Hill__Hill__Alfred_Hawthorne #Leslie_Townes_Hope__Hope__Bob_Hope #Joseph_Francis_Keaton__Keaton__Buster_Keaton #Sir_Harry_MacLennan_Lauder__Lauder__Harry_Lauder #Arthur_Stanley_Jefferson_Laurel__Laurel__Stan_Laurel #Steve_Martin__Martin #Julius_Marx__Groucho__groucho__marx #Leonard_Marx__Chico__Marx #Arthur_Marx__Harpo__Marx #Herbert_Marx__Zeppo__Marx #Dudley_Stuart_John_Moore__Moore__Dudley_Moore
subtype: #rodeo_rider__rodeorider__cowboy a performer who gives exhibitions of riding and roping and bulldogging
subtype: #professional_dancer__dancer a performer who dances
subtype: #ballet_dancer a dancer who is a member of a ballet company
subtype: #ballerina__danseuse a female ballet dancer
subtype: #prima_ballerina__primaballerina a leading female ballet dancer
subtype: #danseur_noble__danseurnoble__danseur a male ballet dancer who is the partner of a ballerina
subtype: #ballet_master a man who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company
subtype: #baller_mistress a woman who directs and teaches and rehearses dancers for a ballet company
subtype: #belly_dancer__bellydancer__exotic_dancer a woman who performs a solo Oriental dance using exaggerated abdominal movements
subtype: #chorus_girl__showgirl__chorine a woman who dances in a chorus line
subtype: #hoofer__stepper a professional dancer
subtype: #nautch_girl a professional dancing girl in India
subtype: #tap_dancer__tapdancer a dancer who who sounds out rhythms by using metal taps on the toes and heels of the shoes
subtype: #taxi_dancer a woman employed to dance with patrons who pay a fee for each dance
instance: #Alicia_Alonso__Alonso #Fred_Astaire__Astaire #George_Balanchine__Balanchine #Mikhail_Baryshnikov__Baryshnikov #Merce_Cunningham__Cunningham #Agnes_George_De_Mille__De_Mille__Agnes_De_Mille #Isadora_Duncan__Duncan #Dame_Margot_Fonteyn__Fonteyn #Martha_Graham__Graham #Judith_Jamison__Jamison #Tamara_Karsavina__Karsavina #Eugene_Curran_Kelly__Kelly__Gene_Kelly #Dame_Alicia_Markova__Markova__Lilian_Alicia_Marks #Leonide_Fedorovitch_Massine__leonidefedorovitchmassine__Massine__Leonid_Fyodorovich_Myasin #Arthur_Mitchell__Mitchell #Lola_Montez__Montez__Marie_Dolores_Eliza_Rosanna_Gilbert #Vaslav_Nijinsky__Nijinsky__Waslaw_Nijinsky #Rudolf_Nureyev__Nureyev #Anna_Pavlova__Pavlova #Ginger_Rogers__Rogers__Virginia_McMath #Salome #Ted_Shawn__Shawn #Moira_Shearer__Shearer #Ruth_St._Denis__St._Denis__Saint_Denis__Ruth_Saint_Denis #Maria_Tallchief__Tallchief #Twyla_Tharp__Tharp #Antony_Tudor__Tudor #Galina_Sergeevna_Ulanova__Ulanova__Galina_Ulanova #Gaetan_Vestris__Vestris
subtype: #executant a performer (usually of musical works)
subtype: #fire-swallower__fire-eater a performer who pretends to swallow fire
subtype: #fire_walker someone who walks barefoot on burning coals
subtype: #headliner__star a performer who receives prominent billing
subtype: #juggler a performer who juggles objects and performs tricks of manual dexterity
subtype: #magician__prestidigitator__conjurer__conjuror__illusionist someone who performs magic tricks to amuse an audience
subtype: #escapologist__escape_expert someone who is expert in the art of escaping
subtype: #mind_reader__telepathist__thoughtreader a magician who seems to discern the thoughts of another person (usually by clever signals from an accomplice)
subtype: #minstrel a performer in a minstrel show
subtype: #corner_man__end_man__endman a man at one end of line of performers in a minstrel show; carries on humorous dialogue with the interlocutor
subtype: #interlocutor__middleman the performer in the middle of a minstrel line who engages the others in talk
subtype: #monologist an entertainer who performs along
subtype: #instrumentalist__musician__player someone who plays a musical instrument (as a profession)
subtype: #accompanist__accompanyist a person who provides musical accompaniment (usually on a piano)
subtype: #bandsman a player in a band (especially a military band)
subtype: #bassoonist a musician who plays the bassoon
subtype: #bell_ringer__bellringer someone who plays musical handbells
subtype: #carillonneur a musician who plays a carillon
subtype: #cellist some who plays a violoncello
instance: #Pablo_Casals__Casals
subtype: #clarinetist__clarinettist a musician who plays the clarinet
instance: #Benjamin_David_Goodman__Goodman__goodman__Benny_Goodman__the_King_of_Swing
subtype: #flutist__flute_player__fluteplayer someone who plays the flute
subtype: #guitarist__guitar_player a musician who plays the guitar
instance: #James_Marshall_Hendrix__Hendrix__Jimi_Hendrix #Riley_B_King__King__B._B._King #Andres_Segovia__Segovia__segovia
subtype: #harpist__harper someone who plays the harp
subtype: #harpsichordist someone who plays the harpsichord
instance: #Wanda_Landowska__Landowska
subtype: #jazz_musician__jazzman a musician who plays or composes jazz music
subtype: #syncopator a musician who plays syncopated jazz music (usually in a dance band); "they called themselves the Dixie Syncopators"
instance: #Louis_Armstrong__Armstrong__Satchmo #Miles_Dewey_Davis_Jr.__Davis__Miles_Davis #Edward_Kennedy_Ellington__Ellington__Duke_Ellington #Lionel_Hampton__Hampton__hampton #Woodrow_Charles_Herman__Herman__Woody_Herman #Thelonious_Sphere_Monk__Monk__Thelonious_Monk #Ferdinand_Joseph_La_Menthe_Morton__Morton__Jelly_Roll_Morton #King_Oliver__Oliver__Joseph_Oliveer #Arthur_Tatum__Tatum__Art_Tatum #Thomas_Wright_Waller__Waller__Fats_Waller
subtype: #koto_player a (Japanese) musician who plays the koto
subtype: #lutist__lutanist__lutenist a musician who plays the lute
subtype: #oboist a musician who plays the oboe
subtype: #organist a person who plays an organ
instance: #Johann_Sebastian_Bach__Bach #Albert_Schweitzer__Schweitzer
subtype: #percussionist a musician who plays percussion instruments
subtype: #drummer someone who plays a drum
subtype: #tympanist__timpanist a person who plays the kettledrums
instance: #Ringo_Starr__Starr__Richard_Starkey
subtype: #xylophonist someone who plays a xylophone
subtype: #pianist__piano_player__pianoplayer a person who plays the piano
instance: #Frederic_Francois_Chopin__Chopin #Karl_Czerny__Czerny #Dame_Myra_Hess__Hess #Vladimir_Horowitz__Horowitz #Jerry_Lee_Lewis__Lewis #Franz_Liszt__Liszt #Ignace_Jan_Paderewski__Paderewski #Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninoff__Sergei_Rachmaninoff__Rachmaninov__Sergei_Rachmaninov__Sergei_Vasilievich_Rachmaninov #Anton_Grigorevich_Rubinstein__Rubinstein__Anton_Gregor_Rubinstein #Arthur_Rubinstein__Rubinstein__Artur_Rubinstein #Artur_Schnabel__Schnabel #Rudolf_Serkin__Serkin
subtype: #piper__bagpiper someone who plays the bagpipe
subtype: #pipe_major the chief piper in a band of bagpipes
subtype: #recorder_player someone who plays the recorder
subtype: #rhythm_and_blues_musician a performer (and sometimes composer) of rhythm and blues music
instance: #Antoine_Domino__Domino__Fats_Domino
subtype: #rock_'n'_roll_musician__rocker a performer (or composer) of rock music
subtype: #rock_star a famous singer of rock music
instance: #Charles_Edward_Berry__Berry__Chuck_Berry #William_John_Clifton_Haley_Jr.__Haley__Bill_Haley #George_Harrison__Harrison #Buddy_Holly__Holly__Charles_Hardin_Holley #Michael_Philip_Jagger__Jagger__Mick_Jagger #John_Lennon__Lennon #Jerry_Lee_Lewis__Lewis #Sir_James_Paul_McCartney__McCartney__Paul_McCartney #James_Douglas_Morrison__Morrison__Jim_Morrison #Elvis_Aron_Presley__Presley__Elvis_Presley #Ringo_Starr__Starr__Richard_Starkey
subtype: #saxophonist a musician who plays the saxophone
instance: #Coleman_Hawkins__colemanhawkin__Hawkins #Charles_Christopher_Parker__Parker__Charlie_Parker__Yardbird_Parker__Bird_Parker #Lester_Willis_Young__Young__Pres_Young
subtype: #singer__vocalist__vocalizer__vocaliser a person who sings
subtype: #alto.singer a singer whose voice lies in the alto clef
subtype: #countertenor a male singer with a voice above that of a tenor
subtype: #baritone__barytone a male singer
subtype: #basso__bass an adult male singer with the lowest voice
subtype: #canary (informal) a female singer
subtype: #caroler__caroller a singer of carols
subtype: #castrato a male singer who was castrated before puberty and retains a soprano or alto voice
subtype: #chorister a singer in a choir
subtype: #choirboy a boy who sings in a choir
subtype: #contralto a woman singer having a contralto voice
instance: #Marian_Anderson__Anderson #Ernestine_Schumann-Heink__Schumann-Heink
subtype: #crooner__balladeer a singer of popular ballads
instance: #Harry_Lillis_Crosby__Crosby__Bing_Crosby #Francis_Albert_Sinatra__Sinatra__Frank_Sinatra
subtype: #folk_singer__jongleur__minstrel__poet-singer__troubadour a singer of folk songs
instance: #Woodrow_Wilson_Guthrie__Guthrie__Woody_Guthrie #Peter_Seeger__Seeger__Pete_Seeger
subtype: #hummer a singer who produces a tune without opening the lips or forming words
subtype: #lieder_singer a singer of lieder
subtype: #madrigalist a singer of madrigals
subtype: #opera_star__operastar__operatic_star singer of lead role in an opera
subtype: #diva__prima_donna a distinguished female operatic singer; a female operatic star
subtype: #rock_star a famous singer of rock music
subtype: #songster a person who sings
subtype: #songstress a woman songster (especially of popular songs)
subtype: #soprano a female singer
subtype: #coloratura_soprano__coloratura a lyric soprano who specializes in coloratura vocal music
instance: #Maria_Meneghini_Callas__Callas__Maria_Callas #Dame_Nellie_Melba__Melba__Helen_Porter_Mitchell
subtype: #mezzo__mezzo-soprano a soprano with a voice between soprano and contralto
instance: #Eileen_Farrell__Farrell #Jenny_Lind__Lind__Swedish_Nightingale #Marta_Brigit_Nilsson__Nilsson__Brigit_Nilsson #Jessye_Norman__Norman #Mary_Leontyne_Price__Price__Leontyne_Price #Beverly_Sills__Sills #Dame_Joan_Sutherland__Sutherland__Joan_Sutherland #Renata_Tebaldi__Tebaldi #Dame_Kiri_Janette_Te_Kanawa__Te_Kanawa__Dame_Kiri_Te_Kanawa #Helen_Traubel__Traubel
subtype: #tenor an adult male with a tenor voice
instance: #Enrico_Caruso__Caruso #Placido_Domingo__Domingo__domingo #John_McCormick__McCormick #Lauritz_Lebrecht_Hommel_Melchior__Melchior__Lauritz_Melchior #Luciano_Pavarotti__Pavarotti
subtype: #thrush.singer (informal) a woman who sings popular songs
subtype: #torch_singer__torchsinger a singer (usually a woman) who specializes in singing torch songs
subtype: #voice.singer (metonymy) a singer; "he wanted to hear trained voices sing it"
subtype: #yodeller a singer who changes register rapidly (popular is Swiss folk songs)
instance: #Pearl_Mae_Bailey__Bailey__Pearl_Bailey #Maurice_Chevalier__Chevalier #Marlene_Dietrich__Dietrich__Maria_Magdalene_von_Losch #Bob_Dylan__Dylan #Ella_Fitzgerald__Fitzgerald #Judy_Garland__Garland #Julio_Iglesias__Iglesias #Mahalia_Jackson__Jackson #Michael_Joe_Jackson__Jackson__Michael_Jackson #Al_Jolson__Jolson__Asa_Yoelson #Janis_Joplin__Joplin #Riley_B_King__King__B._B._King #Sir_Harry_MacLennan_Lauder__Lauder__Harry_Lauder #Madonna_Louise_Ciccone__Madonna #Robert_Nesta_Marley__Marley__Bob_Marley #Dean_Martin__Dino_Paul_Crocetti__Martin #Ethel_Merman__Merman #Roy_Orbison__Orbison #Edith_Piaf__Piaf__Edith_Giovanna_Gassion__Little_Sparrow #Paul_Bustill_Robeson__Robeson__robeson__paulrobeson #Paul_Simon__Simon #Bessie_Smith__Smith #Kathryn_Elizabeth_Smith__Smith__Kate_Smith #Barbra_Joan_Streisand__Streisand__Barbra_Streisand #Sarah_Vaughan__Vaughan #Ethel_Waters__Waters #Tammy_Wynette__Wynette__Tammy_Wynetter_Pugh
subtype: #sitar_player__sitarplayer a musician who plays the sitar
instance: #Ravi_Shankar__Shankar
subtype: #soloist a musician who performs a solo
subtype: #recitalist a musician who gives recitals
subtype: #trombonist__trombone_player a musician who plays the trombone
subtype: #cornetist__trumpeter a musician who plays the trumpet or cornet
subtype: #bugler someone who plays a bugle
instance: #Louis_Armstrong__Armstrong__Satchmo #John_Birks_Gillespie__Gillespie__Dizzy_Gillespie
subtype: #violinist__fiddler a musician who plays the violin
instance: #Georges_Enesco__Enesco__George_Enescu #Stephane_Grappelli__Grappelli #Fritz_Kreisler__Kreisler #Sir_Yehudi_Menuhin__Menuhin__Yehudi_Menuhin #Niccolo_Paganini__Paganini #Isaac_Stern__Stern #Antonio_Lucio_Vivaldi__Vivaldi__Antonio_Vivaldi #Efrem_Zimbalist__Zimbalist #Pinchas_Zukerman__Zukerman
subtype: #puppeteer one who operates puppets or marionettes
instance: #Jim_Henson__Henson
subtype: #Savoyard.performer__savoyard a person who performs in the operettas of Gilbert and Sullivan
subtype: #snake_charmer a performer who uses movements and music to control snakes
subtype: #straight_man a performer who acts as stooge to a comedian
subtype: #stripper__striptease_artist__striptease__stripteaser__exotic_dancer__ecdysiast__peeler a performer who provides erotic entertainment by undressing to music
instance: #Gypsy_Rose_Lee__Lee__Rose_Louise_Hovick
subtype: #vaudevillian a performer who works in vaudeville
instance: #George_Burns__Burns__Nathan_Birnbaum #Sophie_Tucker__Tucker
subtype: #ventriloquist a performer who projects the voice into a wooden dummy
subtype: #pleaser a pleasing entertainer; "he is quite the crowd pleaser"
subtype: #expert a person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully
subtype: #adept__ace__maven__virtuoso__genius__hotshot__star__whiz__whizz__wizard__wiz someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
subtype: #track_star__trackstar a star runner
subtype: #agronomist an expert in soil management and field-crop production
subtype: #all-rounder__allrounder__all_arounder__allarounder a versatile person who is expert at many things; "she's the best all-rounder they've seen in years"
subtype: #analyst someone who is skilled at analyzing data
subtype: #intelligence_analyst a government analyst of information about an enemy or potential enemy
subtype: #assayer an analyst who assays (performs chemical tests on) metals
subtype: #systems_analyst__systemsanalyst a person skilled at systems analysis
subtype: #analyst.expert an expert who studies financial data (on credit or securities or sales or financial patterns etc.) and recommends appropriate business actions
subtype: #credit_analyst an analyst who studies the financial statements and financial history of applicants for credit in order to evaluate their creditworthiness
subtype: #financial_analyst__financialanalyst__securities_analyst an analyst who studies the financial performance of corporations
subtype: #industry_analyst an analyst of conditions affecting a particular industry
subtype: #oil-industry_analyst an analyst of the oil industry
subtype: #market_analyst an analyst of conditions affecting a market (especially the stock market)
subtype: #anatomist an expert in anatomy
subtype: #comparative_anatomist__comparativeanatomist anatomist who compares the anatomy of different animals
instance: #Sir_Richard_Owen__Owen
subtype: #histologist anatomist who specializes in the microscopic study of animal tissues
instance: #Camillo_Golgi__Golgi #Marcello_Malpighi__Malpighi #Santiago_Ramon_y_Cajal__Ramon_y_Cajal #Theodor_Schwann__Schwann
instance: #Bartolommeo_Eustachio__Eustachio #Herbert_McLean_Evans__Evans #Galen #Georg_Meissner__Meissner #Johannes_Peter_Muller__Muller #Andreas_Vesalius__Vesalius #Kaspar_Friedrich_Wolff__Wolff
subtype: #antiquary__antiquarian an expert or collector of antiquities
subtype: #arbiter__supreme_authority__supremeauthority someone with the power to settle matters at will; "she was the final arbiter on all matters of fashion"
subtype: #archer__bowman a person who is expert in the use of a bow and arrow
subtype: #longbowman a medieval English archer who used a longbow
instance: #William_Tell__Tell
subtype: #authority.expert an expert whose views are taken as definitive; "he is an authority on corporate law"
subtype: #adviser__advisor__consultant an expert who gives advice
subtype: #amicus_curiae__friend_of_the_court an adviser to the court on some matter of law who is not a party to the case; usually someone who wants to influence the outcome of a lawsuit involving matters of wide public interest
subtype: #backroom_boy__brain_truster__braintruster an expert adviser involved in making important decisions but usually lacking official status
subtype: #beauty_consultant someone who gives you advice about your personal appearance
subtype: #counselor__counsellor some who gives advice about problems
subtype: #Dutch_uncle a counselor who admonishes frankly and sternly
instance: #Nestor
subtype: #county_agent__agricultural_agent__extension_agent__extensionagent an advisor employed by the government to assist people in rural areas with methods of farming and home economics
subtype: #fashion_consultant__fashionconsultant__fashionmonger someone who advises you about fashionable clothing
subtype: #investment_adviser__investment_advisor someone who advises others how to invest their money
subtype: #management_consultant adviser to business about efficient management practices
subtype: #media_consultant__mediaconsultant__medai_guru__medaiguru someone who advises about the use of communication media
subtype: #security_consultant an adviser about alarm systems to prevent burglaries
subtype: #tipster__tout one who sells advice about gambling or speculation (especially at the racetrack)
subtype: #Church_Father__Father an early writer accepted as an authority on the teachings and practices of the Christian church
subtype: #connoisseur__cognoscenti an expert able to appreciate a field; especially in the fine arts
subtype: #esthete__aesthete one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature
subtype: #oenophile__oenophilist__wine_lover a connoisseur of fine wines; a grape nut
subtype: #evaluator__judge an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality
subtype: #valuator__appraiser one who estimates officially the worth or value or quality of things
subtype: #valuer (Brit) someone who assesses the monetary worth of possessions
subtype: #critic.evaluator anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of something
subtype: #appraiser__authenticator one who determines authenticity (as of works of art) or who guarantees validity
subtype: #drama_critic__dramacritic__theater_critic__theatercritic a critic of theatrical performances
instance: #Alexander_Woollcott__Woollcott
subtype: #grader a judge who assigns grades to something
subtype: #wool_sorter__wool_stapler a person who sorts wool into different grades
subtype: #music_critic__musiccritic a critic of musical performances
instance: #Joseph_Deems_Taylor__Taylor__Deems_Taylor
subtype: #panelist__panellist a member of a panel
subtype: #juror__juryman__jurywoman someone who serves (or waits to be called to serve) on a jury
subtype: #foreperson the presiding member of the jury and the one who speaks on their behalf
subtype: #foreman a man who is foreperson of a jury
subtype: #forelady__forewoman a woman who is foreperson of a jury
subtype: #petit_juror__petitjuror__petty_juror__pettyjuror a member of a petit jury
subtype: #reviewer__referee__reader someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication
subtype: #scanner.reviewer someone who scans verse to determine the number and prosodic value of the syllables
subtype: #taster__tastetester__sampler someone who samples food or drink for its quality
subtype: #wine_taster a taster who evaluates the quality of wines
subtype: #liturgist an authority on liturgies
subtype: #master.authority__professional an authority qualified to teach apprentices
subtype: #past_master.master__pastmaster someone who was formerly a master
subtype: #black_belt.expert__blackbelt a person who attained the rank of expert in the martial arts (judo or karate)
subtype: #calculator__reckoner__figurer__computer an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)
subtype: #number_cruncher.calculator__numbercruncher someone able to perform complex and lengthy calculations
subtype: #statistician__actuary someone versed in the collection and interpretation of numerical data (especially someone who uses statistics to calculate insurance premiums)
subtype: #surveyor.statistician someone who conducts a statistical survey
subtype: #computer_expert__computer_guru an authority on computers and computing
subtype: #UNIX_guru an expert on the UNIX operating system
subtype: #cosmetologist an expert in the use of cosmetics
subtype: #efficiency_expert__efficiency_engineer an expert in increasing the efficient use of machines and personnel
subtype: #genealogist an expert in genealogy
subtype: #geographer an expert on geography
subtype: #cartographer__map_maker__mapmaker a person who makes maps
instance: #Sebastian_Cabot__Cabot
instance: #Gerardus_Mercator__Mercator__Gerhard_Kremer
subtype: #horticulturist an expert in the science of cultivating plants (fruit or flowers or vegetables or ornamental plants)
subtype: #nurseryman__gardener someone who takes care of a garden
subtype: #transplanter a gardener who moves plants to new locations
instance: #Luther_Burbank__Burbank
subtype: #investigator someone who investigates
subtype: #claims_adjuster__adjuster__adjustor__claims_adjustor__claim_agent__claimagent one who investigates insurance claims or claims for damages and recommends an effective settlement
subtype: #coroner__medical_examiner__medicalexaminer a public official who investigates by inquest any death not due to natural causes
subtype: #detective an investigator engaged or employed in obtaining information not easily available to the public
subtype: #private_detective__privatedetective__PI__private_eye__privateeye__private_investigator__privateinvestigator__operative__shamus__sherlock someone who can be employed as a detective to collect information
subtype: #hotel_detective__hoteldetective__house_detective__housedetective__house_dick__housedick a private detective employed by a hotel or retail store
subtype: #inquiry_agent__inquiryagent (British) a private detective
subtype: #store_detective__storedetective a private detective employed by a merchant to stop pilferage
subtype: #sleuth__sleuthhound a detective who follows a trail
subtype: #examiner__inspector an investigator who observes carefully; "the examiner searched for clues"
subtype: #bank_examiner an official appointed to audit the accounts of banks in a given jurisdiction
subtype: #checker one who checks the correctness of something
subtype: #scrutinizer__scrutiniser a careful examiner; someone who inspects with great care
subtype: #scrutineer (British) someone who examines votes at an election
subtype: #ombudsman a government appointee who investigates complaints by private persons against the government
instance: #Samuel_Wiesenthal__Wiesenthal
subtype: #jurist__legal_expert__legalexpert a legal scholar versed in civil law or the law of nations
subtype: #Mufti a jurist who interprets Muslim law
instance: #Jeremy_Bentham__Bentham #Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr.__Holmes #Charles_Evans_Hughes__Hughes #John_Jay__Jay #John_Marshall__Marshall #William_Hubbs_Rehnquist__Rehnquist__William_Rehnquist #Harlan_Fiske_Stone__Stone #Frederick_Moore_Vinson__Vinson #Earl_Warren__Warren
subtype: #lapidary__lapidarist an expert on precious stones and the art of cutting and engraving them
subtype: #logician__logistician a person skilled at symbolic logic
subtype: #dialectician a logician skilled in dialectic
subtype: #syllogist__syllogizer__syllogiser logician skilled in syllogistic reasoning
instance: #William_Stanley_Jevons__Jevons #Charles_Franklin_Peirce__Peirce__Charles_Peirce #Willard_Van_Orman_Quine__Quine #Bertrand_Arthur_William_Russell__Russell__russell__Bertrand_Russell__Earl_Russell #John_Venn__Venn
subtype: #mnemonist an expert in the use of mnemonics; someone able to perform unusual feats of memory
subtype: #mythologist an expert on mythology
instance: #Joseph_Campbell__Campbell
subtype: #observer__commentator an expert who observes and comments on something
subtype: #annotator a commentator who writes notes to a text
subtype: #out-and-outer__outandouter (slang) someone who is excellent at something
subtype: #parliamentarian an expert in parliamentary rules and procedures
instance: #Henry_Martin_Robert__Robert
subtype: #past_master someone who has long and thorough experience in a given activity
subtype: #prosthetist an expert in prosthetics
subtype: #scout__pathfinder__guide someone who can find paths through unexplored territory
subtype: #hunting_guide__huntingguide guide to people hunting in unfamiliar territory
subtype: #shark.expert a person who is unusually skilled in certain ways; "a card shark"
subtype: #shot.expert__shooter a person who shoots (as regards their ability); "he is a crack shot"; "a poor shooter"
subtype: #marksman__sharpshooter__crack_shot__crackshot someone skilled in shooting
subtype: #franc-tireur__franctireur a sharpshooter (in the French army)
subtype: #rifleman someone skilled in the use of a rifle
subtype: #sniper a marksman who shoots at people from a concealed place
subtype: #gunman__gun a person who shoots a gun (as regards their ability)
subtype: #trapshooter a person who engages in shooting at clay pigeons that are hurled into the air by a trap
subtype: #specialist__specializer an expert who is devoted to one occupation or branch of learning
subtype: #enologist__oenologist__fermentologist a specialist in wine making
subtype: #attache a specialist assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission
subtype: #cultural_attache an attache who is a specialist in cultural matters
subtype: #military_attache an attache who is a specialist in military matters
subtype: #canonist a specialist in canon law
subtype: #criminologist a specialist in criminology
instance: #Alphonse_Bertillon__Bertillon
subtype: #dietician__dietitian__nutritionist a specialist in the study of nutrition
subtype: #educationist__educationalist a specialist in the theory of education
subtype: #fingerprint_expert__fingerprintexpert__fingerprint_specialist__fingerprintspecialist__fingerprint_man__fingerprintman a specialist in identifying fingerprints
subtype: #graphologist__handwriting_expert__handwritingexpert a specialist in inferring character from handwriting
subtype: #interior_designer__designer__interior_decorator__house_decorator__housedecorator__room_decorator__decorator a person who specializes in designing architectural interiors and their furnishings
instance: #Charles_Eames__Eames
subtype: #meteorologist a specialist who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause weather conditions
subtype: #weatherman__weather_forecaster__weatherforecaster predicts the weather
subtype: #optometrist__oculist a person skilled in testing for defects of vision in order to prescribe corrective glasses
subtype: #orientalist a specialist in oriental subjects
subtype: #tree_surgeon__arborist a specialist in treating damaged trees
subtype: #talent a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity
subtype: #technician.expert someone known for high skill in some intellectual or artistic technique
subtype: #therapist__healer a person skilled in a particular type of therapy
subtype: #naprapath a therapist who practices naprapathy
subtype: #alleviator a therapist who makes suffering more endurable
subtype: #chiropractor a therapist who practices chiropractic
subtype: #electrotherapist someone who specializes in the treatment of disease by electricity
subtype: #herbalist__herbdoctor a therapist who heals by the use of herbs
subtype: #naturopath a therapist who practices naturopathy
subtype: #osteopath__osteopathist a therapist who manipulates the skeleton and muscles
subtype: #physical_therapist__physiotherapist therapist who treats injury or dysfunction with exercises and other physical treatments of the disorder
subtype: #massager someone who rubs or kneads parts of the body to stimulate circulation and promote relaxation
subtype: #masseur a male massager
subtype: #masseuse a female massager
subtype: #psychotherapist__clinical_psychologist a therapist who deals with mental and emotional disorders
subtype: #speech_therapist a therapist who treats speech defects and disorders
subtype: #old-timer__oldtimer__veteran__old_hand__oldhand__warhorse__old_stager__oldstager__stager an experienced person; someone who has given long service
subtype: #face.person (synecdoche) a part of a person that is used to refer to a person; "he looked out at a roomful of faces"; "when he returned to work he met many new faces"
subtype: #good_person a person who is good to other people
subtype: #benefactor__helper a person who helps people or institutions
subtype: #benefactress a woman benefactor
subtype: #bondsman__bondswoman someone who signs a bond as surety for someone else
subtype: #donor.benefactor__giver__presenter person who makes a gift of property
subtype: #abnegator one who gives up or relinquishes or renounces something
subtype: #almsgiver a person who gives alms
subtype: #Indian_giver one who ask you to return the present he has given you
subtype: #philanthropist__altruist someone who makes charitable donations intended to increase human well-being
instance: #Andrew_Carnegie__Carnegie #Peter_Cooper__Cooper #Ezra_Cornell__Cornell #Solomon_Guggenheim__Guggenheim #John_Harvard__Harvard #Milton_Snavely_Hershey__Hershey #Hopkins__Johns_Hopkins #Andrew_William_Mellon__Mellon__Andrew_Mellon__Andrew_W._Mellon #Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel__Nobel__Alfred_Nobel #First_Viscount_Nuffield__Nuffield__William_Richard_Morris #John_Davison_Rockefeller__Rockefeller__John_D._Rockefeller #Cornelius_Vanderbilt__Vanderbilt__Commodore_VAnderbilt #Elihu_Yale__Yale
subtype: #subscriber__contributor someone who contributes (or promises to contribute) a sum of money
subtype: #subsidizer__subsidiser someone who assists or supports by giving a subsidy
subtype: #tipper a person who leaves a tip; "a generous tipper"
subtype: #donor (medicine) someone who gives blood or tissue or an organ to be used in another person (the host)
subtype: #blood_donor someone who gives blood to be used for transfusions
subtype: #universal_donor a person whose type O Rh-negative blood may be safely transfused into persons with other blood types
subtype: #organ_donor__organdonor someone from whom an organ is taken for transplantation
subtype: #good_Samaritan__Samaritan a person who voluntarily offers help or sympathy in times of trouble
subtype: #humanitarian__do-gooder__improver someone devoted to the promotion of human welfare and to social reforms
subtype: #liberator someone who releases people from captivity or bondage
subtype: #emancipator__manumitter someone who frees others from bondage; "Lincoln is known as the Great Emancipator"
subtype: #obliger__accommodator someone who performs a service or does a favor
subtype: #offerer__offeror someone who presents something to another for acceptance or rejection
subtype: #patron__sponsor__supporter someone who supports or champions something
subtype: #backer__angel invests in a theatrical production
subtype: #godfather someone having a relation analogous to that of a male sponsor to his godchild
subtype: #godparent a person who sponsors someone (the godchild) at baptism
subtype: #godfather.godparent any man who serves as a sponsor for a child at baptism
subtype: #godmother any woman who serves as a sponsor for a child at baptism
subtype: #guarantor__surety__warrantor__warranter one who provides a warrant or guarantee to another
subtype: #patroness__patrones a woman who is a patron
subtype: #provider someone who provides the means for subsistence
subtype: #savior__saviour__rescuer__deliverer a person who rescues you from harm or danger
subtype: #messiah__christ any expected deliverer
subtype: #sparer someone who refrains from injuring or destroying
subtype: #uncle.benefactor a source of help and advice and encouragement; "he played uncle to lonely students"
subtype: #brick.good_person a good fellow; helpful and trustworthy
subtype: #giver someone who devotes themselves completely; "there are no greater givers than those who give themselves"
subtype: #plaster_saint__plastersaint a person (considered to be) without human failings; "he's no plaster saint"
subtype: #holy_man__saint__holy_person__angel person of exceptional holiness
subtype: #Buddha one who has achieved a state of perfect enlightenment
subtype: #fakir__fakeer__faqir__faquir a Muslim or Hindu mendicant monk who is regarded as a holy man
subtype: #dervish an ascetic Muslim monk; a member of an order noted for devotional exercises involving bodily movements
subtype: #whirling_dervish__whirler a dervish whose actions include ecstatic dancing and whirling
subtype: #square_shooter__straight_shooter__straight_arrow a frank and honest person
subtype: #sweetheart any well-liked individual; "he's a sweetheart"
subtype: #individualist a person who pursues independent thought or action
subtype: #dropout.individualist someone who withdraws from a social group or environment
subtype: #loner__lone_wolf__lone_hand a person who avoids the company or assistance of others
subtype: #hermit__recluse__solitudinarian__troglodyte one who lives in solitude
instance: #John_the_Baptist
subtype: #mugwump__independent a neutral or uncommitted person (especially in politics)
subtype: #night_owl__nightowl__nighthawk__nightbird a person who likes to be active late at night
subtype: #nudist__naturist a person who practices nudity for reasons of health or religion
subtype: #withdrawer.individualist an individualist who withdraws from social interaction
subtype: #inhabitant__dweller__denizen a person who inhabits a particular place
subtype: #Australian__Aussie a native or inhabitant of Australia
subtype: #Australian_Aborigine__Aborigine__Abo__Aboriginal__native_Australian a dark-skinned member of a race of people living in Australia when Europeans arrived
subtype: pm#Australian_researcher
instance: nataliya@dstc.edu.au p.eklund@gu.edu.au peter.deer@dsto.defence.gov.au r.cole@gu.edu.au t.tilley@gu.edu.au daniel.goodburn@dsto.defence.gov.au
subtype: #Austronesian a native or inhabitant of Austronesia
subtype: #Nauruan a native or inhabitant of Nauru
subtype: #Polynesian a native or inhabitant of Polynesia
subtype: #Fijian.Polynesian__fijian a native or inhabitant of Fiji
subtype: #Samoan a native or inhabitant of the Samoan Islands
subtype: #Tahitian.Polynesian__tahitian a native or inhabitant of Tahiti
subtype: #Tongan a native or inhabitant of Tonga
subtype: #New_Zealander a native or inhabitant of New Zealand
subtype: #American a native or inhabitant of the United States
subtype: #African-American__Afro-American an American whose ancestors were born in Africa
subtype: #Creole a person descended from French ancestors in southern United States especially Louisiana
subtype: #Anglo-American an American who was born in England or whose ancestors were English
subtype: #Alabaman__Alabamian a resident of Alabama
subtype: #Alaskan a resident of Alaska
subtype: #Arizonan__Arizonian a resident of Arizona
subtype: #Arkansan__Arkansawyer a resident of Arkansas
subtype: #Bay_Stater a resident of Massachusetts
subtype: #Californian a resident of California
subtype: #Carolinian a resident of the Carolinas
subtype: #Coloradan a resident of Colorado
subtype: #Connecticuter a resident of Connecticut
subtype: #Delawarean__Delawarian a resident of Delaware
subtype: #Floridian a resident of Florida
subtype: #Franco-American an American who was born in France or whose ancestors were French
subtype: #German_American an American who was born in Germany or whose ancestors were German
subtype: #Georgian a resident of the American state of Georgia
subtype: #Hawaiian.American__hawaiian a resident of Hawaii
subtype: #Idahoan a resident of Idaho
subtype: #Illinoisan a resident of Illinois
subtype: #Indianan__Hoosier a resident of Indiana
subtype: #Iowan a resident of Iowa
subtype: #Kansan a resident of Kansas
subtype: #Kentuckian a resident of Kentucky
subtype: #Louisianan__Louisianian a resident of Louisiana
subtype: #Mainer__Down_Easter a resident of Maine
subtype: #Michigander__Wolverine a resident of Michigan
subtype: #Minnesotan a resident of Minnesota
subtype: #Mississippian a resident of Mississippi
subtype: #Missourian a resident of Missouri
subtype: #Montanan a resident of Montana
subtype: #Nebraskan__Cornhusker a resident of Nebraska
subtype: #Nevadan a resident of Nevada
subtype: #New_Hampshirite a resident of New Hampshire
subtype: #New_Yorker a resident of New York
subtype: #East-sider a resident of the east side of Manhattan in New York City
subtype: #West-sider a resident of the west side of Manhattan in New York City
subtype: #North_Carolinian a resident of North Carolina
subtype: #North_Dakotan a resident of North Dakota
subtype: #Ohioan__Buckeye a resident of Ohio
subtype: #Oregonian a resident of Oregon
subtype: #Pennsylvanian a resident of Pennsylvania
subtype: #Rhode_Islander a resident of Rhode Island
subtype: #South_Carolinian a resident of South Carolina
subtype: #South_Dakotan a resident of South Dakota
subtype: #Tennessean a resident of Tennessee
subtype: #Texan a resident of Texas
subtype: #Utahan a resident of Utah
subtype: #Vermonter a resident of Vermont
subtype: #Virginian a resident of Virginia
subtype: #Washingtonian a resident of the state of Washington
subtype: #Washingtonian.American__washingtonian a resident of the city of Washington
subtype: #West_Virginian a resident of West Virginia
subtype: #Wisconsinite a resident of Wisconsin
subtype: #Wyomingite a resident of Wyoming
subtype: #Puerto_Rican a resident of Puerto Rico
subtype: #Yankee-Doodle__Yankee__Yank an American
subtype: #New_Englander__Yankee__Yank an American who lives in New England
subtype: #Yankee__Yank__Northerner an American who lives in the North (especially during the American Civil War)
subtype: #Federal_soldier__Federal__Union_soldier a member of the Union Army during the American Civil War
subtype: #Southerner an American who lives in the South
subtype: #Confederate a supporter of the Confederate States of America
subtype: #Confederate_soldier a soldier in the Army of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
subtype: #bushwhacker a Confederate guerrilla during the American Civil War
subtype: #Rebel__Reb__Johnny_Reb__Johnny__grayback (informal) `johnny' was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; `grayback' derived from their gray Confederate uniforms
subtype: #Spanish_American__Hispanic_American__Hispanic__Latino an American whose first language was Spanish
subtype: #Tory an American who favored the British side during the American Revolution
subtype: #Alsatian a native or inhabitant of Alsace
subtype: #borderer an inhabitant of a border area (especially the border between Scotland and England)
subtype: #cottager__cottage_dweller someone who lives in a cottage
subtype: #easterner an inhabitant of an eastern area; especially of the U.S.
subtype: #islander__island-dweller an inhabitant of an island
subtype: #landlubber__landsman__landman a person who lives and works on land
subtype: #liver.inhabitant someone who lives in a place; "a liver in cities"
subtype: #Northerner an inhabitant of the North
subtype: #Occidental a native inhabitant of the Occident
subtype: #Philistine a non-Semitic inhabitant of ancient Philistia
subtype: #plainsman an inhabitant of a plains region (especially the Great Plains of North America)
subtype: #resident__occupant__occupier someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there
subtype: #Latin_American__Spanish_American a resident of Latin America
subtype: #spic__spik__spick ethnic slur; offensive terms for persons of Latin American descent
subtype: #criollo.Latin_American a Spanish American of pure European stock (usually Spanish); "Mexico is a country of mestizos, criollos, and indigenes"
subtype: #coaster.resident a resident of a coastal area
subtype: #colonial a resident of a colony
subtype: #dalesman a person who lives in the dales of Northern England
subtype: #Galilean__Galilaean a resident of Galilee (an epithet of Jesus Christ)
subtype: #inmate one of several resident of a dwelling (especially someone confined to a prison or hospital)
subtype: #metropolitan a person who lives in a metropolis
subtype: #outlier.resident a person who lives away from his place of work
subtype: #owner-occupier__owneroccupier a occupant who owns the home that he/she lives in
subtype: #sojourner a temporary resident
subtype: #stater a resident of a particular state or group of states; "Keystone stater"; "farm staters"
subtype: #suburbanite a resident of a suburb
subtype: #tenant.resident any occupant who dwells in a place
subtype: #towner__townsman a resident of a town or city
subtype: #townee (Brit; informal) townsman unacquainted with country life especially a slick and flashy male city dweller
subtype: #townie__towny resident of a college town not affiliated with the college
subtype: #tellurian__earthling__earthman an inhabitant of the earth
subtype: #Trinidadian inhabitant or native of Trinidad
subtype: #villager one who has lived in a village most of their life
subtype: #westerner an inhabitant of a western area; especially of the U.S.
subtype: #native__indigen__indigene a person who was born in a particular place; an indigenous person
subtype: #Levantine (formerly) a native or inhabitant of the Levant
subtype: #Mauritian a native or inhabitant of Mauritius
subtype: #Filipino a native or inhabitant of the Philippines
subtype: #Tagalog.Filipino__tagalog a member of a people native to the Philippines chiefly inhabiting central Luzon around and including Manila
subtype: #Visayan__Bisayan a member of the most numerous indigenous people of the Philippines
subtype: #Cebuan inhabitant of the island of Cebu; a member of the Visayan people of the Philippines
subtype: #Russian a native or inhabitant of Russia
subtype: #Tatar.Russian__tatar a member of the Turkic-speaking people living from the Volga to the Ural Mountains (the name has been attributed to many other groups)
subtype: #Votyak__Udmurt a member of the Finno-Ugric-speaking people living in eastern European Russia
subtype: #Komi a member of a Finnish people living in the northwestern Urals in Russia
subtype: #Cheremiss__Cheremis__Mari a member of a rural Finnish people living in eastern Russia
subtype: #Inger__Ingrian__Ingerman a member of western Finnish people formerly living in the Baltic province where Saint Petersburg was built
subtype: #Carelian__Karelian a member of the Finnish people living in Karelia in northwestern European Russia
subtype: #Ostyak__Khanty a member of the nomadic Ugrian people living in northwestern Siberia (east of the Ural mountains)
subtype: #Mordvin__Mordva__Mordvinian a member of the agricultural people living in the central Volga provinces of European Russia
subtype: #Nganasan.Russian__nganasan a member of the Samoyedic people living on the Taimyr peninsula in Siberia
subtype: #Ostyak-Samoyed__Selkup one of the people of mixed Ostyak and Samoyed origin in Siberia
subtype: #Samoyed a Samoyedic-speaking person in northwestern Siberia
subtype: #Vepse__Veps__Vepsian a member of a Finnish people of Russia
subtype: #Vogul__Mansi a member of a nomadic people of the northern Ural mountains
subtype: #Yeniseian a member of one of the groups living in the Yenisei river valley in western Siberia
subtype: #Great_Russian a member of the chief East Slavonic people of Soviet Russia
subtype: #Muscovite a resident of Moscow
subtype: #Georgian.Russian__georgian a native or inhabitant of Asian Georgia
subtype: #Siberian a native or inhabitant of Siberia
subtype: #Seychellois a native or inhabitant of Seychelles
subtype: #American.native__american a native or inhabitant of America
subtype: #Creole.American__creole a person of European descent born in the West Indies or Spanish America
subtype: #North_American a native or inhabitant of North America
subtype: #Bermudan__Bermudian a native or inhabitant of Bermuda
subtype: #Canadian a native or inhabitant of Canada
subtype: #French_Canadian a Canadian descended from early French settlers and whose native language is French
subtype: #Acadian an early French settler in the Maritimes
subtype: #Cajun a Louisianian descended from Acadian immigrants from Nova Scotia (`Cajun' comes from `Acadian')
subtype: #Canuck US slang for Canadians in general and French Canadians in particular
subtype: #Central_American a native or inhabitant of Central America
subtype: #Costa_Rican a native or inhabitant of Costa Rica
subtype: #Guatemalan a native or inhabitant of Guatemala
subtype: #Honduran a native or inhabitant of Honduras
subtype: #Mexican a native of inhabitant of Mexico
subtype: #greaser__wetback__taco ethnic slur; offensive terms for a person of Mexican descent
subtype: #Mexican-American__Mexicano a Mexican (or person of Mexican descent) living in the United States
subtype: #Nicaraguan a native or inhabitant of Nicaragua
subtype: #Panamanian a native or inhabitant of Panama
subtype: #South_American a native or inhabitant of South America
subtype: #Argentinian a native or inhabitant of Argentina
subtype: #Bolivian a native or inhabitant of Bolivia
subtype: #Brazilian a native or inhabitant of Brazil
subtype: #Carioca a native or inhabitant of Rio de Janeiro
subtype: #Chilean a native or inhabitant of Chile
subtype: #Colombian a native or inhabitant of Colombia
subtype: #Ecuadorian__Ecuadoran a native or inhabitant of Ecuador
subtype: #Salvadoran__Salvadorian__Salvadorean a native or inhabitant of El Salvador
subtype: #Guyanese a native or inhabitant of Guyana
subtype: #Paraguayan a native or inhabitant of Paraguay
subtype: #Peruvian a native or inhabitant of Peru
subtype: #Uruguayan a native or inhabitant of Uruguay
subtype: #Venezuelan a native or inhabitant of Venezuela
subtype: #West_Indian a native or inhabitant of the West Indies
subtype: #Anguillan a native or inhabitant of the island of Anguilla in the West Indies
subtype: #Antiguan a native or inhabitant of Antigua
subtype: #Bahamian a native or inhabitant of the Bahamas
subtype: #Barbadian a native or inhabitant of Barbados
subtype: #Cuban a native or inhabitant of Cuba
subtype: #Haitian a native or inhabitant of Haiti
subtype: #Jamaican a native or inhabitant of Jamaica
subtype: #Montserratian a native or inhabitant of Montserrat
subtype: #Grenadian a native or inhabitant of Grenada
subtype: #Tobagonian a native or inhabitant of the island of Tobago in the West Indies
subtype: #innocent__inexperienced_person__inexperiencedperson a person who lacks knowledge of evil
subtype: #intellectual__intellect a person who uses the mind creatively
subtype: #juvenile_person__juvenile a youthful person
subtype: #lover a person who loves or is loved
subtype: #leader a person who rules or guides or inspires others
subtype: #money_handler__moneyhandler__money_dealer__moneydealer a person who receives or invests or pays out money
subtype: #national__subject a person who owes allegiance to that nation; "a monarch has a duty to his subjects"
subtype: #nonreligious_person a person who does not manifest devotion to a deity
subtype: #nonworker a person who does nothing
subtype: #peer__equal__match__compeer a person who is of equal standing with another in a group
subtype: #perceiver__observer__beholder a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses
subtype: #precursor__forerunner a person who goes before or announces the coming of another
subtype: #primitive_person__primitiveperson__primitive a person who belongs to early stage of civilization
subtype: #religionist__religious_person__religiousperson a person who manifests devotion to a deity
subtype: #sensualist a person who enjoys sensuality
subtype: #traveler__traveller a person who changes location
subtype: #unfortunate_person__unfortunateperson__unfortunate a person who suffers misfortune
subtype: #unwelcome_person__unwelcomeperson__persona_non_grata a person who for some reason is not wanted or welcome
subtype: #unskilled_person__unskilledperson a person who lacks technical training
subtype: #worker a person who works at a specific job; "he is a good worker"
subtype: #African a native or inhabitant of Africa
subtype: #person_of_color__person_of_colour (formal) any non-European non-White person
subtype: #White__white_person__whiteperson__Caucasian a member of the Caucasoid race
subtype: #Slav any member of the people of Eastern Europe or Russian Asia who speak a Slavonic language
subtype: #Gentile a person who is not a member of one's own religion; used in this sense by Mormons and Hindus
subtype: #Jew__Hebrew__Israelite a person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties
subtype: #European a person of European nationality
subtype: #abstinent__abstainer__nondrinker a person who refrains from drinking intoxicating beverages
subtype: #achiever__winner__success__succes a person with a record of successes; "his son would never be the achiever that his father was"; "only winners need apply"; "if you want to be a success you have to dress like a success"
subtype: #acquaintance__friend a person with whom you are acquainted; "I have trouble remembering the names of all my acquaintances"; "we are friends of the family"
subtype: #acquirer a person who acquires something (usually permanently)
subtype: #actor__doer__worker a person who acts and gets things done; "he's a principal actor in this affair"; "when you want something done get a doer"; "he's a miracle worker"
subtype: #adjudicator a person who adjudicates
subtype: #admirer a person who admires; someone who esteems or respects or approves
subtype: #adversary__antagonist__opponent__opposer someone who offers opposition
subtype: #advisee someone who receives advice
subtype: #advocator__advocate__proponent__exponent a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea
subtype: #affiant a person who makes an affidavit
subtype: #amateur someone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime
subtype: #apprehender a person who seizes or arrests (especially a person who seizes or arrests in the name of justice)
subtype: #appreciator a person who is fully aware of something and understand it; "he is not an appreciator of our dilemma"
subtype: #arrogator a person who through conceit makes pretentious claims to rights or advantages that he or she is not entitled to or to qualities that he or she does not possess
subtype: #authority (usually plural) persons who exercise (administrative) control over others; "the authorities have issued a curfew"
subtype: #autodidact a person who is self-taught
subtype: #baby_boomer__boomer a member of the baby boom generation in the 1950s; "they expanded the schools for a generation of baby boomers"
subtype: #baby_buster__buster a person born in the generation following the baby boom when the birth rate fell dramatically
subtype: #baldhead__baldpate__baldy a person whose head is bald
subtype: #balker__baulker a person who refuses to comply
subtype: #bullfighter someone who fights bulls
subtype: #bather a person who takes a bath
subtype: #bedfellow a person with whom you share a bed
subtype: #best.person the person who is most outstanding or excellent; "he could beat the best of them"
subtype: #biter someone who bites
subtype: #blond__blonde a person with fair skin and hair
subtype: #bodybuilder__musclebuilder someone who does special exercises to develop the musculature
subtype: #bomber.person a person who plants bombs
subtype: #brunet__brunette a person with dark (brown) hair
subtype: #buster a person (or thing) that breaks up or overpowers something; "dam buster"; "sanction buster"; crime buster"
subtype: #candidate__prospect someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)
subtype: #case.person a person requiring professional services; "a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor"
subtype: #celebrator__celebrant__celebrater a person who is celebrating
subtype: #charmer a person who charms others (usually by personal attractiveness)
subtype: #child.person__baby an immature childish person; "he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived"; "stop being a baby!"
subtype: #clumsy_person a person with poor motor coordination
subtype: #aggregator__collector a person who collects things
subtype: #combatant__battler__belligerent__fighter someone who fights (or is fighting)
subtype: #complexifier someone makes things complex
subtype: #compulsive a person with a compulsive disposition; someone who feels compelled to do certain things
subtype: #copycat__imitator__emulator__ape__aper someone who copies the words or behavior of another
subtype: #crawler__creeper a person who crawls or creeps along the ground
subtype: #wight__creature a human being; `wight' is an archaic term
subtype: #social_dancer__dancer a person who participates in a social gathering arranged for dancing (as a ball)
subtype: #dead_person__dead_soul__deceased_person__deceased__decedent__departed someone who is no longer alive; "I wonder what the dead person would have done"
subtype: #debaser__degrader a person who lowers the quality or character or value (as by adding cheaper metal to coins)
subtype: #defecator__voider__shitter a person who defecates
subtype: #delayer a person who delays; to put off until later or cause to be late
subtype: #deliverer a person who gives up or transfers money or goods
subtype: #demander a person who makes demands
subtype: #dichromat a person with any of the various forms of dichromacy
subtype: #differentiator__discriminator a person who differentiates
subtype: #disentangler__unraveler__unraveller a person who removes tangles; someone who takes something out of a tangled state
subtype: #dissenter__dissident__protester__objector__contestant a person who dissents from some established policy
subtype: #divider a person who separates something into parts or groups
subtype: #look-alike__double__image someone who closely resembles a famous person (especially an actor); "he could be Gingrich's double"; "she's the very image of her mother"
subtype: #dresser.person a person who dresses in a particular way; "she's an elegant dresser"; "he's a meticulous dresser"
subtype: #driveller__dribbler__slobberer__drooler a person who dribbles; "that baby is a dribbler; he needs a bib"
subtype: #drug_user__substance_abuser__substanceabuser__user a person who takes drugs
subtype: #ectomorph a person with a thin non-muscular body
subtype: #effecter__effector one who brings about a result or event; one who accomplishes a purpose
subtype: #Elizabethan a person who lived during the reign of Elizabeth I; "William Shakespeare was an Elizabethan"
subtype: #emotional_person__emotionalperson a person subject to strong states of emotion
subtype: #endomorph a heavy person with a soft and rounded body
subtype: #enjoyer a person who delights in having or using or experiencing something
subtype: #explorer__adventurer someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)
subtype: #faddist a person who subscribes to a variety of fads
subtype: #faller a person who falls; "one of them was safe but they were unable to save the faller"; "a faller among thieves"
subtype: #fastener a person who fastens or makes fast; "he found the door fastened and wondered who the fastener was"
subtype: #fiduciary a person who holds assets in trust for a beneficiary; "it is illegal for a fiduciary to misappropriate money for personal gain"
subtype: #first-rater__firstrater one who is first-rate
subtype: #follower an ordinary person who accepts the leadership of another
subtype: #free_spirit__free_agent__freewheeler someone acting freely or even irresponsibly
subtype: #friend a person you know well and regard with affection and trust; "he was my best friend at the university"
subtype: #fugitive__runaway someone who flees from an uncongenial situation; "fugitives from the seatshops"
subtype: #gainer a person who gains (gains an advantage or gains profits); "she was clearly the gainer in that exchange"
subtype: #weight_gainer__gainer a person who gains weight
subtype: #gambler a person who wagers money on the outcome of games or sporting events
subtype: #gatherer a person who gathers; "they were a society of hunters and gatherers"
subtype: #good_guy any person who is on your side
subtype: #bad_guy__badguy any person who is not on your side
subtype: #granter a person who grants or gives something
subtype: #greeter__saluter__welcomer a person who greets; "the newcomers were met by smiling greeters"
subtype: #grinner a person who grins
subtype: #groaner a person who groans
subtype: #grunter a person who grunts
subtype: #guesser a person who guesses
subtype: #handicapped_person__handicappedperson a person who has some handicap that interferes with normal functions
subtype: #hater a person who hates
subtype: #heterosexual_person__heterosexual__straight_person__straight a heterosexual person; someone having a sexual orientation to persons of the opposite sex
subtype: #homosexual__homo__gay someone who practices homosexuality; having a sexual attraction to persons of the same sex
subtype: #homunculus a tiny fully formed individual that (according to the discredited theory of preformation) is supposed to be present in the sperm cell
subtype: #hope.person someone (or something) on which expectations are centered; "he was their best hope for a victory"
subtype: #hoper a person who hopes; "only an avid hoper could expect the team to win now"
subtype: #huddler a person who crouches; "low huddlers against the wind"
subtype: #hugger a person who hugs
subtype: #idler__loafer__do-nothing__layabout__bum person who does no work
subtype: #immune a person who is immune to a particular infection
subtype: #interpreter someone who uses art to represent something; "his paintings reveal a sensitive interpreter of nature"; "she was famous as an interpreter of Shakespearean roles"
subtype: #jewel__gem a person who is a brilliant and precious as a piece of jewelry
subtype: #slayer__killer someone who causes the death of a person or animal
subtype: #relative__relation a person related by blood or marriage; "police are searching for relatives of the deceased"; "he has distant relations back in New Jersey"
subtype: #kneeler.person a person in a kneeling position
subtype: #knocker a person who knocks (as seeking to gain admittance); "open the door and see who the knocker is"
subtype: #knower__apprehender a person who knows or apprehends
subtype: #large_person__largeperson a person of greater than average size
subtype: #laugher a person who is laughing or who laughs easily
subtype: #learner__assimilator someone (especially a child) who learns (as from a teacher) or takes up knowledge or beliefs
subtype: #left-hander__lefty__southpaw a person who uses the left hand with greater skill than the right; "their pitcher was a southpaw"
subtype: #life.person a living person; "his heroism saved a life"
subtype: #lightning_rod__lightningrod someone who is a frequent target of negative reactions and serves to distract attention from another
subtype: #polyglot__linguist a person who speaks more than one language
subtype: #literate_person__literate a person who can read and write
subtype: #liver.person a person who has a special life style; "a high liver"
subtype: #longer__thirster__yearner a person with a strong desire for something; "a longer for money"; "a thirster after blood"; "a yearner for knowledge"
subtype: #loose_cannon__loosecannon a person who is expected to perform a particular task but who is out of control and dangerous
subtype: #machine.person an efficient person; "the boxer was a magnificent fighting machine"
subtype: #mailer.person a person who mails something
subtype: #malcontent a person who is discontented or disgusted
subtype: #human_being__humanbeing__man the generic use of the word to refer to any human being; "it was every man for himself"
subtype: #manipulator a person who handles things manually
subtype: #man_jack__manjack a single individual; "every man jack"
subtype: #masturbator a person who practices masturbation
subtype: #measurer a person who makes measurements
subtype: #nonmember a person who is not a member
subtype: #mesomorph a person with a well-developed muscular body
subtype: #mestizo a person of mixed racial ancestry (especially mixed European and Native American ancestry)
subtype: #middlebrow (informal) someone who is neither a highbrow nor a lowbrow
subtype: #miracle_man__miracleman__miracle_worker__miracleworker a person who claims or is alleged to perform miracles
subtype: #misogamist a person who hates marriage
subtype: #mixed-blood__mixedblood a person whose ancestors belonged to two or more races
subtype: #modern a contemporary person
subtype: #mutilator__maimer__mangler a person who mutilates or destroys or disfigures or cripples
subtype: #namer a person who gives a name or names; "the owner is usually the namer of a boat"
subtype: #namesake a person with the same name as another
subtype: #neglecter a person who is neglectful and gives little attention or respect to people or responsibilities; "he tried vainly to impress his neglecters"
subtype: #neighbor__neighbour a person who lives (or is located) near another
subtype: #neutral one who does not side with any party in a war or dispute
subtype: #nondescript a person is not easily classified and not very interesting
subtype: #nonparticipant a person who does not participate
subtype: #nonsmoker a person who does not smoke tobacco
subtype: #nude_person__nude a naked person
subtype: #nurser a person who treats something carefully; "a great nurser of pennies"
subtype: #occultist some who practices the occult arts
subtype: #old_maid.person__oldmaid a person who is primly fastidious
subtype: #outcaste a person belonging to no caste
subtype: #outdoorsman a person who spends time outdoors (e.g., hunting or fishing)
subtype: #owner__possessor a person who owns something; "they are searching for the owner of the car"; "who is the owner of that friendly smile?"
subtype: #pamperer__spoiler someone who pampers or spoils by excessive indulgence
subtype: #forgiver__pardoner__excuser a person who pardons or forgives or excuses a fault or offense
subtype: #partner a person who is a member of a partnership
subtype: #party.person a person involved in legal proceedings; "the party of the first part"
subtype: #passer.person a person who passes as a member of a different ethnic or racial group
subtype: #personage another word for person; a person not meriting identification; "a strange personage appeared at the door"
subtype: #personification.person one who personifies an abstract quality
subtype: #perspirer__sweater a person who perspires
subtype: #philosopher.person a wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity
subtype: #chooser__picker__selector a person who chooses or selects out
subtype: #urinator__pisser a person who urinates
subtype: #planner__contriver__deviser a person who makes plans
subtype: #powderer someone who applies or scatters powder
subtype: #preserver someone who keeps safe from harm or danger
subtype: #propositus the person immediately affected by or concerned with an action
subtype: #pursuer a person who pursues some plan or goal; "a pursuer of truth"
subtype: #pussycat a person who is regarded as easygoing and agreeable
subtype: #quarter.person an unspecified person; "he dropped a word in the right quarter"
subtype: #quitter a person who gives up too easily
subtype: #rectifier.person a person who corrects or sets right; "a rectifier of prejudices"
subtype: #redhead__carrottop someone who has red hair
subtype: #registrant a person who is formally entered (along with others) in a register (and who obtains certain rights thereby)
subtype: #reliever__allayer a person who reduces the intensity (e.g., of fears) and calms and pacifies; "a reliever of anxiety"; "an allayer of fears"
subtype: #repeater.person a person who repeats; "the audience consisted largely of repeaters who had seen the movie many times"
subtype: #rescuer__recoverer__saver someone who saves something from danger or violence
subtype: #rester a person who rests
subtype: #restrainer.person__controller a person who directs and restrains
subtype: #rich_person__wealthy_person__wealthyperson__have a person who possesses great material wealth
subtype: #right-hander__righthander a person who uses the right hand more skillfully than the left
subtype: #riser.person a person who rises (especially from bed); "he's usually a late riser"
subtype: #roundhead a brachycephalic person
subtype: #swayer__ruler a person who rules or commands; "swayer of the universe"
subtype: #rusher a person who rushes; someone in a hurry; someone who acts precipitously
subtype: #scratcher.person a person who scratches to relieve an itch
subtype: #second-rater__mediocrity a person of second-rate ability or value: "a team of aging second-raters"; "shone among the mediocrities who surrounded him"
subtype: #cloud_seeder__cloudseeder__seeder a person who seeds clouds
subtype: #quester__seeker__searcher someone making a search or inquiry; "they are seekers after truth"
subtype: #sentimentalist__romanticist someone who indulges in excessive sentimentality
subtype: #sex_object__sexobject any person regarded simply as an object of sexual gratification
subtype: #shaker.person__mover a person who wields power and influence; "movers and shakers in the business world"; "a shaker of traditional beliefs"; "a mover of mountains"
subtype: #signatory__signer someone who signs and is bound by a document
subtype: #significant_other__significantother a person with whom you have shared a long-term sexual relationship
subtype: #simpleton__simple a person lacking intelligence or common sense
subtype: #six-footer__sixfooter a person who is at least six feet tall
subtype: #slave a person who is owned by someone
subtype: #sleepyhead a sleepy person
subtype: #sloucher a person who slouches; someone with a drooping carriage
subtype: #small_person__smallperson a person of below average size
subtype: #smasher a person who smashes something
subtype: #smiler a person who smiles
subtype: #sneezer a person who sneezes
subtype: #sniffer a person who sniffs
subtype: #snuffler a person who breathes noisily (as through a nose blocked by mucus)
subtype: #socializer a person who takes part in social activities
subtype: #sort.person a person of a particular character or nature; "what sort of person is he?"; "he's a good sort"
subtype: #sounding_board a person whose reactions to something serve as an indication of its acceptability; "I would use newspapermen as a sounding board for such policies"
subtype: #sphinx.person an inscrutable person who keeps his thoughts and intentions secret
subtype: #expectorator__spitter a person who spits (ejects saliva from the mouth)
subtype: #sprawler a person who sprawls; "he is such a sprawler he needs a bed to himself"
subtype: #spurner a person who rejects (someone or something) with contempt; "she was known as a spurner of all suitors"; "he was no spurner of rules"
subtype: #squinter__squint-eye a person with strabismus
subtype: #stifler__smotherer a person who stifles or smothers or suppresses; "he is a real conversation stifler"; "I see from all the yawn smotherers that it is time to stop"
subtype: #stigmatic__stigmatist a person whose body is marked by religious stigmata (such as marks resembling the wounds of the crucified Christ)
subtype: #stooper a person who carries himself or herself with the head and shoulders habitually bent forward
subtype: #struggler a person who struggles with difficulties or with great effort
subtype: #guinea_pig__subject__case a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation; "the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly"; "the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities"
subtype: #surrenderer a person who yields or surrenders
subtype: #survivor.person one who outlives another; "he left his farm to his survivors"
subtype: #suspect someone who is under suspicion
subtype: #tempter a person who tempts others; "Satan is the great tempter of mankind"
subtype: #termer a person who serves a specified term; "there are not many fourth termers in the Senate"
subtype: #terror__scourge__threat a person who inspires fear or dread; "he was the terror of the neighborhood"
subtype: #testator__testate a person who makes a will
subtype: #thin_person__skin_and_bones a person who is unusually thin
subtype: #third-rater__thirdrater one who is third-rate or distinctly inferior
subtype: #thrower someone who projects something through the air (especially by a rapid motion of the arm)
subtype: #tiger a fierce or audacious person; "he's a tiger on the tennis court"; "it aroused the tiger in me"
subtype: #toucher a person who causes or allows a part of the body to come in contact with someone or something
subtype: #transfer.person__transferee someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another; "the best student was a transfer from LSU"
subtype: #transsexual a person whose sexual identification is entirely with the opposite sex
subtype: #transvestite__cross-dresser__crossdresser someone who adopts the dress or manner or sexual role of the opposite sex
subtype: #attempter__trier__essayer one who tries
subtype: #unfastener__undoer__opener__untier a person who unfastens or unwraps or opens; "children are talented undoers of their shoelaces"
subtype: #user a person who makes use of a thing; someone who uses or employs something
subtype: #vanisher a person who disappears
subtype: #dupe__victim a person who is tricked or swindled
subtype: #Victorian a person who lived during the reign of Victoria
subtype: #waiter a person who waits or awaits
subtype: #waker a person who awakes; "an early waker"
subtype: #wanter__needer a person who wants or needs something; "an owner of many things and needer of none"
subtype: #ward a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another
subtype: #warrior someone engaged in or experienced in warfare
subtype: #watcher a person who keeps a devotional vigil by a sick bed or by a dead body
subtype: #weakling__doormat__wus a person who is physically weak and ineffectual
subtype: #squirmer__wiggler__wriggler one who can't stay still (especially a child): "the toddler was a real wiggler on plane trips"
subtype: #winker a person who winks
subtype: #withholder.person a person who refrains from granting; "a withholder of payments"
subtype: #witness (law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law
subtype: #yawner a person who yawns
subtype: pm#male_or_female_person
subtype: pm#in_relationship_person
subtype: pwa#Person
subtype: #Homo_erectus extinct species of primitive hominid with upright stature but small brain; " Homo erectus was formerly called Pithecanthropus erectus"
subtype: #Homo_soloensis extinct primitive hominid of late Pleistocene; Java; formerly Javanthropus
subtype: #Homo_habilis extinct species of upright east African hominid having some advanced humanlike characteristics
subtype: #Homo_sapiens the only surviving hominid; species to which modern man belongs; bipedal primate having language and ability to make and use complex tools; brain 1400 cc
subtype: #Neandertal_man__Neanderthal_man__Neandertal__Neanderthal__Homo_sapiens_neanderthalensis extinct robust human of Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia
subtype: #Rhodesian_man__Homo_rhodesiensis a primitive hominid resembling Neanderthal man but living in Africa
subtype: #Pithecanthropus_erectus__Pithecanthropus__genus_Pithecanthropus former genus of primitive apelike men now Homo erectus
subtype: #genus_Sinanthropus__Sinanthropus genus to which Peking man was formerly assigned
subtype: #genus_Javanthropus__Javanthropus former genus of primitive man; now Homo soloensis: comprises Solo man
subtype: #australopithecine any of several extinct humanlike small-brained bipedal primates of the genus Australopithecus; from 1 to 4 million years ago
subtype: #Sivapithecus fossil primates found in India
subtype: #dryopithecine considered a possible ancestor to both anthropoid apes and humans
subtype: #monkey any of various long-tailed primates (excluding the prosimians)
subtype: #prosimian primitive primates having large ears and eyes and characterized by nocturnal habits
subtype: #lemur large-eyed arboreal prosimian having foxy faces and long furry tails
subtype: #tarsier nocturnal arboreal primate of Indonesia and the Philippines having huge eyes and digits ending in pads to facilitate climbing; the only primate that spurns all plant material as food living entirely on insects and small vertebrates
subtype: #tree_shrew insectivorous arboreal mammal of southeast Asia that resembles a squirrel with large eyes and long sharp snout
subtype: #flying_lemur__flying_cat__colugo arboreal nocturnal mammal of southeast Asia and the Philippines resembling a lemur and having a fold of skin on each side from neck to tail that is used for long gliding leaps
subtype: #proboscidean__proboscidian massive herbivorous mammals having tusks and a long trunk
subtype: #plantigrade_mammal__plantigrademammal an animal that walks with the entire sole of the foot touching the ground as e.g. bears and human beings
subtype: #digitigrade_mammal__digitigrademammal an animal that walks so that only the toes touch the ground as e.g. dogs and cats and horses
subtype: #fossorial_mammal__fossorialmammal a burrowing mammal having limbs adapted for digging
subtype: #tetrapod a vertebrate animal having four feet or legs or leglike appendages
33 statements are about indirect instances of #vertebrate: pm#graph1_on_person, pm#graph2_on_person, pm#graph3_on_person, pm#graph4_on_person, pm#graph1_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph2_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph3_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph4_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#phmIsOwnerOfSomeRedCar, pm#graph6_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph7_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, pm#graph1_on_f.modave@gu.edu.au, dg#graph1_on_daniel.goodburn@dsto.defence.gov.au, pm#graph8_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, km#graph8_on_article, pm#graph1_on_collection, pm#graph1_on_situation, pm#graph1_on_human_motion, pm#graph1_on_flight, pm#graph1_on_conference, pm#graph1_on_file, pm#graph1_on_written_material, pm#graph1_on_publication, pm#graph1_on_report, pm#graph35_on_article, pm#graph1_on_research_staff, pm#graph1_on_ontology, pm#graph2_on_Corolla_AE93_CSI_manual_hatchback, pm#graph2_on_John_Briggs_Alfa_Romeo, pm#graph1_on_Person, wotif#graph1_on_http://www.wotif.com/Accommodation/viewdeal.asp?PropID=2667, wotif#graph1_on_http://www.wotif.com/Accommodation/viewdeal.asp?PropID=4384, wotif#graph1_on_http://www.wotif.com/Accommodation/viewdeal.asp?PropID=5241 click here to display them or click here for a search form or here to add a statement
Search too large. MMore than 2000 categories have been printed (5250 exactly). The exploration depth has been automatically reduced during the process