#class_Coniferopsida__Coniferopsida__Coniferophytina__subdivision_Coniferophytina__Coniferophyta cone-bearing gymnosperms dating from the Carboniferous period; most are substantial trees; includes the classes Pinopsida (subdivision Pinophytina) and Ginkgopsida (subdivision Ginkgophytina) and Taxopsida (subdivision Taxophytina) which in turn include the surviving orders Coniferales and Taxales (yews) and sometimes Ginkgoales as well as extinct orders such as Cordaitales (of the Carboniferous and Permian)
supertype: class__clas (biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders
member of: class_Gymnospermae
member: order_Cordaitales__Cordaitales extinct plants having tall arborescent trunks comparable to or more advanced than cycads; known from the Pennsylvanian; probably extinct since the Mesozoic
member: family_Cordaitaceae__Cordaitaceae chiefly Paleozoic plants; Cordaites is the chief and typical genus
member: genus_Cordaites__Cordaites tall Paleozoic trees superficially resembling modern screw pines; structurally intermediate in some ways between cycads and conifers
member: class_Pinopsida__Pinopsida__Pinophytina__subdivision_Pinophytina most conifers: in some systems classified as a class (Pinopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Pinophytina); used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta
member: order_Coniferales__Coniferales profusely branching and chiefly evergreen trees and some shrubs having narrow or needlelike leaves
member: family_Pinaceae__Pinaceae__pine_family a family of Pinaceae
member: genus_Pinus__Pinus type genus of the Pinaceae: large genus of true pines
member: pine_tree__pine__true_pine a coniferous tree
member: pinon__pinyon any of several low-growing pines of western North America
member: pinon_pine__pinonpine__Mexican_nut_pine__Pinus_cembroides small 2- or 3-needled pinon of Mexico and southern Texas
member: genus_Larix__Larix larches
member: larch_tree__larchtree__larch any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves
member: genus_Pseudolarix__Pseudolarix one species: golden larch
member: golden_larch__Pseudolarix_amabilis Chinese deciduous conifer resembling a larch with golden yellow leaves
member: genus_Abies__Abies true firs
member: fir_tree__firtree__fir__true_fir any of various evergreen trees of the genus Abies; chiefly of upland areas
member: genus_Cedrus__Cedrus true cedars
member: true_cedar__cedar__cedar_tree__cedartree any cedar of the genus Cedrus
member: genus_Picea__Picea a genus of temperate and arctic evergreen trees (see spruce)
member: spruce any coniferous tree of the genus Picea
member: genus_Tsuga__Tsuga hemlock; hemlock fir; hemlock spruce
member: hemlock_tree__hemlocktree an evergreen tree
member: genus_Pseudotsuga__Pseudotsuga douglas fir; closely related to genera Larix and Cathaya
member: douglas_fir tall evergreen timber tree of western North America having resinous wood and short needles
member: genus_Cathaya one species; related to Pseudotsuga and Larix
member: Cathaya Chinese evergreen conifer discovered in 1955; not yet cultivated elsewhere
member: genus_Keteleeria a genus of Keteleeria
member: keteleeria Asiatic conifers resembling firs
member: family_Cupressaceae__Cupressaceae__cypress_family__cypressfamily cypresses and junipers and many cedars
member: cedar_tree__cedartree__cedar any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars
member: genus_Cupressus__Cupressus type genus of Cupressaceae
member: cypress_tree__cypresstree__cypress__cypres any of numerous evergreen conifers of the genus Cupressus of north temperate regions having dark scalelike leaves and rounded cones
member: genus_Athrotaxis__Athrotaxis a genus of gymnosperm
member: King_William_pine__Athrotaxis_selaginoides evergreen of Tasmanian mountains having sharp-pointed leaves the curve inward
member: genus_Austrocedrus__Austrocedrus one species; formerly included in genus Libocedrus
member: Chilean_cedar__Austrocedrus_chilensis small well-shaped South American evergreen having coppery bark and pretty foliage
member: genus_Callitris__Callitris evergreen monoecious coniferous trees or shrubs: cypress pines
member: cypress_pine__cypresspine any of several evergreen trees or shrubs of Australia and northern New Caledonia
member: genus_Calocedrus__Calocedrus tall evergreens of western North America and eastern Asia; formerly included in genus Libocedrus
member: Calocedrus_decurrens__incense_cedar__incensecedar__red_cedar__Libocedrus_decurrens tall tree of North American Pacific coast having foliage like cypress and cinnamon-red bark
member: genus_Chamaecyparis__Chamaecyparis a genus of Chamaecyparis
member: southern_white_cedar__coast_white_cedar__coastwhitecedar__atlanticwhitecedar__white_cypress__whitecypres__whitecedar__Chamaecyparis_thyoides slow-growing medium-sized cedar of east coast of the United States; resembles American arborvitae
member: Oregon_cedar__Port_Orford_cedar__Lawson's_cypress__Lawson's_cedar__Chamaecyparis_lawsoniana large timber tree of western North America with trunk diameter to 12 feet and height to 200 feet
member: yellow_cypress__yellow_cedar__Nootka_cypress__Alaska_cedar__Chamaecyparis_nootkatensis tall evergreen of North American Pacific coast often cultivated for ornament
member: genus_Cryptomeria__Cryptomeria Japanese cedar; sugi
member: Japanese_cedar__Japan_cedar__sugi__Cryptomeria_japonica tall evergreen of Japan and China yielding valuable soft wood
member: genus_Juniperus__Juniperus junipers
member: juniper coniferous shrub or small tree with berrylike cones
member: pencil_cedar_tree__pencil_cedar any of several junipers with wood suitable for making pencils
member: Bermuda_cedar__Juniperus_bermudiana ornamental densely pyramidal juniper of Bermuda; fairly large for a juniper
member: east_African_cedar__Juniperus_procera tropical African timber tree with fragrant wood
member: genus_Libocedrus__Libocedrus cypresses that resemble cedars
member: incense_cedar__incensecedar any of several attractive trees of southwestern South America and New Zealand and New Caledonia having glossy evergreen leaves and scented wood
member: kawaka__Libocedrus_plumosa New Zealand timber tree resembling the cypress
member: pahautea__Libocedrus_bidwillii__mountain_pine evergreen tree of New Zealand resembling the kawaka
member: subfamily_Taxodiaceae__Taxodiaceae__redwood_family__redwoodfamily coniferous trees; traditionally considered an independent family though recently included in Cupressaceae in some classification systems
member: genus_Metasequoia genus of deciduous conifers comprising both living and fossil forms; 1 extant species: dawn redwood of China; variously classified as member of Pinaceae or Taxodiaceae
member: metasequoia__dawn_redwood__Metasequoia_glyptostrodoides large fast-growing Chinese monoecious tree having flat bright-green deciduous leaves and small globular cones; commonly cultivated in United States as an ornamental; known as a fossil before being discovered in China
member: genus_Sequoia redwoods; until recently considered a genus of a separate family Taxodiaceae
member: California_redwood__coast_redwood__coastredwood__Sequoia_sempervirens lofty evergreen of United States coastal foothills from Oregon to Big Sur
member: sequoia__redwood either of two huge coniferous California trees that reach a height of 300 feet; sometimes placed in the Taxodiaceae
member: genus_Sequoiadendron__Sequoiadendron giant sequoias; sometimes included in the genus Sequoia; until recently placed in the Taxodiaceae
member: giant_sequoia__giantsequoia__big_tree__bigtree__sierraredwood__Sequoiadendron_giganteum__Sequoia_gigantea__Sequoia_Wellingtonia extremely lofty evergreen of southern end of western foothills of Sierra Nevada in California; largest living organism
member: genus_Taxodium__Taxodium bald cypress; swamp cypress
member: pond_bald_cypress__bald_cypress__swamp_cypress__southern_cypress__Taxodium_distichum common cypress of southeastern United States having trunk expanded at base; found in coastal swamps and flooding river bottoms
member: pond_cypress__bald_cypress__Taxodium_ascendens smaller than and often included in the closely related Taxodium distichum
member: Montezuma_cypress__Mexican_swamp_cypress__Taxodium_mucronatum cypress of river valleys of Mexican highlands
member: genus_Tetraclinis__Tetraclinis sandarac tree
member: genus_Thuja__Thuja red cedar
member: western_red_cedar__red_cedar__canoe_cedar__canoecedar__Thuja_plicata large valuable arborvitae of northwestern United States
member: American_arborvitae__northern_white_cedar__white_cedar__Thuja_occidentalis small evergreen of eastern North America having tiny scalelike leaves on flattened branchlets
member: Oriental_arborvitae__Thuja_orientalis__Platycladus_orientalis Asiatic shrub or small tree widely planted in United States and Europe; in some classifications assigned to its own genus
member: genus_Thujopsis__Thujopsis one species; has close similarity to genus Thuja
member: hiba_arborvitae__Thujopsis_dolobrata slow-growing medium-large Japanese evergreen used as an ornamental
member: family_Araucariaceae__Araucariaceae__araucaria_family__araucariafamily tall evergreen cone-bearing trees of South America and Australia with broad leathery leaves; in some classifications included in the Pinaceae
member: Wollemi_pine newly discovered (1994) pine thought to have been long extinct; Australia; genus and species names not yet assigned
member: genus_Araucaria a genus of Araucaria
member: araucaria any of several tall South American or Australian trees with large cones and edible seeds
member: genus_Agathis__Agathis kauri pine
member: kauri_pine__kauripine__dammar_pine any of various trees of the genus Agathis; yield dammar resin
member: kaury__kauri__Agathis_australis tall timber tree of New Zealand having white straight-grained wood
member: dundathu_pine__queensland_kauri__smooth_bark_kauri__Agathis_robusta Australian timber tree resembling the kauri but having wood much lighter in weight and softer
member: red_kauri__redkauri__Agathis_lanceolata New Zealand tree with glossy leaves and scaly reddish-brown bark
member: family_Cephalotaxaceae__Cephalotaxaceae__plum-yew_family a family of Cephalotaxaceae
member: genus_Cephalotaxus__Cephalotaxus the genus of Cephalotaxus (see plum-yews)
member: plum-yew any of several evergreen trees and shrubs of eastern Asia resembling yew and having large seeds enclosed in a fleshy envelope; sometimes cultivated as ornamentals
member: genus_Torreya__Torreya nutmeg-yews
member: California_nutmeg__nutmeg-yew__Torreya_californica California evergreen having a fruit resembling a nutmeg but with a strong turpentine flavor
member: stinking_cedar__stinking_yew__Torrey_tree__Torreya_taxifolia rare small evergreen of northern Florida; its glossy green leaves have an unpleasant fetid smell when crushed
member: family_Phyllocladaceae__Phyllocladaceae a family of Phyllocladaceae
member: genus_Phyllocladus__Phyllocladus celery pine
member: celery_pine Australasian evergreen conifer having a graceful head of foliage resembling celery that is composed of phyllodes borne in the axils of scalelike leaves
member: family_Podocarpaceae__Podocarpaceae__podocarpus_family gymnosperms with simple persistent needlelike or scalelike leaves
member: genus_Podocarpus__Podocarpus evergreen trees or shrubs; sometimes classified as member of the family Taxaceae
member: podocarp any evergreen in the southern hemisphere of the genus Podocarpus having a pulpy fruit with one hard seed
member: yacca_podocarp__yaccapodocarp__yacca__Podocarpus_coriaceus West Indian evergreen with medium to long leaves
member: brown_pine__brownpine__Rockingham_podocarp__Podocarpus_elatus large Australian tree with straight-grained yellow wood that turns brown on exposure
member: cape_yellowwood__African_yellowwood__Podocarpus_elongatus South African tree or shrub having a rounded crown
member: South-African_yellowwood__Podocarpus_latifolius erect or shrubby tree of Africa having ridged dark gray bark and rigid glossy medium to long leaves
member: alpine_totara__Podocarpus_nivalis low wide-spreading coniferous shrub of New Zealand mountains
member: Podocarpus_totara__totara valuable timber tree of New Zealand yielding hard reddish wood used for furniture and bridges and wharves
member: genus_Afrocarpus__Afrocarpus dioecious evergreen trees or shrubs; equatorial to southern and southeastern Africa: yellowwood; similar to trees or genus Podocarpus
member: common_yellowwood__bastard_yellowwood__bastardyellowwood__Afrocarpus_falcata medium-sized tree of South Africa
member: genus_Dacrycarpus__Dacrycarpus evergreen coniferous shrubs or trees of New Zealand to Malaysia and Philippines
member: genus_Dacrydium__Dacrydium Australasian evergreen trees or shrubs
member: rimu__imou_pine__red_pine__redpine__Dacrydium_cupressinum tall New Zealand timber tree
member: Dacrydium_colensoi__tarwood New Zealand silver pine of conical habit with long slender flexuous branches; adapted to cold wet summers and high altitudes
member: genus_Falcatifolium__Falcatifolium sickle pines: dioecious evergreen tropical trees and shrubs having sickle-shaped leaves; similar to Dacrycarpus in habit; Malaysia and Philippines to New Guinea and New Caledonia
member: common_sickle_pine__Falcatifolium_falciforme small tropical rain forest tree of Indonesia and Malaysia
member: yellow-leaf_sickle_pine__Falcatifolium_taxoides a rain forest tree or shrub of New Caledonia having a conic crown and pale green sickle-shaped leaves; host species for the rare parasite yew
member: genus_Halocarpus__Halocarpus dioecious trees or shrubs of New Zealand; similar in habit to Dacrydium
member: tarwood__newzealandmountainpine__Halocarpus_bidwilli__Dacrydium_bidwilli New Zealand shrub
member: genus_Lagarostrobus__Lagarostrobus genus of dioecious evergreen trees of New Zealand and Tasmania; similar to genus Dacrydium
member: huon_pine__Lagarostrobus_franklinii__Dacrydium_franklinii Tasmanian timber tree with yellow aromatic wavy-grained wood used for carving and ship building; sometimes placed in genus Dacrydium
member: genus_Lepidothamnus__Lepidothamnus small usually shrubby conifers
member: Chilean_rimu__Lepidothamnus_fonkii about the hardiest Podocarpaceae species; prostrate spreading shrub similar to mountain rimu; mountains of southern Chile
member: mountain_rimu__Lepidothamnus_laxifolius__Dacridium_laxifolius low-growing to prostrate shrub with slender trailing branches; New Zealand
member: genus_Microstrobos__Microstrobos 2 species of small evergreen shrubs of Australia and Tasmania
member: Tasman_dwarf_pine__Microstrobos_niphophilus small shrub or Tasmania having short stiff branches
member: genus_Nageia__Nageia small genus of Asian evergreen trees having columnar crowns and distinguished by leaves lacking a midrib; eastern Asia including India and Philippines and New Guinea
member: Nageia_nagi__nagi medium-sized tree having glossy lanceolate leaves; southern China to Taiwan and southern Japan
member: genus_Parasitaxus__Parasitaxus 1 species: parasite yew
member: parasite_yew__Parasitaxus_ustus rare and endangered monoecious parasitic conifer of New Caledonia; parasitic on Falcatifolium taxoides
member: genus_Prumnopitys__Prumnopitys mostly dioecious evergreen conifers; leaves are softer than in Podocarpus
member: miro__black_pine__blackpine__Prumnopitys_ferruginea__Podocarpus_ferruginea New Zealand conifer
member: matai__black_pine__blackpine__Prumnopitys_taxifolia__Podocarpus_spicata New Zealand conifer
member: plum-fruited_yew__Prumnopitys_andina__Prumnopitys_elegans South American evergreen tree or shrub
member: genus_Retrophyllum__Retrophyllum small genus of tropical evergreen dioecious shrubs or trees of Oceania and tropical South America
member: genus_Saxe-gothea__Saxe-gothea__Saxegothea__genus_Saxegothea 1 species: Prince Albert's yew
member: Prince_Albert_yew__Prince_Albert's_yew__Saxe-gothea_conspicua small yew having attractive foliage and partially weeping branches cultivated as an ornamental; mountains of southern Chile
member: genus_Sundacarpus__Sundacarpus 1 species
member: Sundacarpus_amara__Prumnopitys_amara__Podocarpus_amara a large fast-growing monoecious tropical evergreen tree having large glossy lanceolate leaves; of rain forests of Sumatra and Philippines to northern Queensland
member: family_Sciadopityaceae__Sciadopityaceae family comprising a single genus that until recently was considered part of Taxodiaceae
member: genus_Sciadopitys__Sciadopitys type and sole genus of Sciadopityaceae; Japanese umbrella pines
member: Japanese_umbrella_pine__Sciadopitys_verticillata tall evergreen having a symmetrical spreading crown and needles growing in whorls that resemble umbrellas at ends of twigs
member: family_Taxaceae__Taxaceae__yew_family__yewfamily sometimes classified as member of order Taxales
member: genus_Taxus__Taxus yews
member: Old_World_yew__English_yew__Taxus_baccata predominant yew in Europe; extraordinarily long-lived and slow growing; one of the oldest species in the world
member: Pacific_yew__California_yew__western_yew__westernyew__Taxus_brevifolia small or medium irregularly branched tree of the Pacific coast of North America; yields fine hard close-grained wood
member: Japanese_yew__Taxus_cuspidata shrubby hardy evergreen of China and Japan having lustrous dark green foliage; cultivated in the eastern United States
member: Florida_yew__Taxus_floridana small bushy yew of northern Florida having spreading branches and very narrow leaves
member: yew any of numerous evergreen trees or shrubs having red cup-shaped berries and flattened needlelike leaves
member: genus_Austrotaxus__Austrotaxus a gymnosperm genus having one species: New Caledonian yew
member: New_Caledonian_yew__Austrotaxus_spicata large yew native to New Caledonia; cultivated in eastern Australia and New Zealand and Hawaii
member: genus_Pseudotaxus__Pseudotaxus one species
member: white-berry_yew__whiteberryyew__pseudotaxuschienii yew of southeastern China, differing from the Old World yew in having white berries
member: class_Taxopsida__Taxopsida__Taxophytina__subdivision_Taxophytina yews: in some systems classified as a class (Taxopsida) and in others as a subdivision (Taxophytina) used in some classifications for one of five subdivisions of Gymnospermophyta
member: order_Taxales__Taxales coextensive with the family Taxaceae: yews
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