#brain_surgery__brainsurgery  any surgical procedure involving the brain
  supertype:  #surgical_operation__operation__surgery__surgical_procedure__surgical_process  a therapeutic procedure with instruments to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body; "they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"; "he died while undergoing surgery"
  subtype:  #psychosurgery  brain surgery on human patients intended to relieve severe and otherwise intractable mental or behavioral problems
     subtype:  #amygdalotomy  psychosurgery in which amygdaloid fibers that mediate limbic system activity are severed (in cases of extreme uncontrollable violence)
     subtype:  #callosotomy  severing the corpus callosum so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted (in cases of severe intractable epilepsy)
     subtype:  #prefrontal_lobotomy__lobotomy__leukotomy__leucotomy__prefrontalleukotomy__prefrontal_leucotomy  surgical interruption of nerve tracts to and from the frontal lobe of the brain; often results in marked cognitive and personality changes
        subtype:  #transorbital_lobotomy  a method of performing prefrontal lobotomy in which the surgical knife is inserted above the eyeball and moved to cut brain fibers
  subtype:  #split-brain_technique__splitbraintechnique  brain surgery on animals in which the corpus callosum (and sometimes the optic chiasm) is severed so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted

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