#medical_instrument__medicalinstrument  instrument used in the practice of medicine
  supertype:  #instrument  a device that requires skill for proper use
  subtype:  #ballistocardiograph__cardiograph  a medical instrument that measures the mechanical force of cardiac contractions and the amount of blood passing through the heart during a specified period by measuring the recoil of the body as blood is pumped from the ventricles
  subtype:  #bronchoscope  a slender tubular instrument used to examine the bronchial tubes
  subtype:  #cardiograph__electrocardiograph  medical instrument that records electric currents associated with contractions of the heart
  subtype:  #dialyzer__dialysis_machine  a medical instrument for separating substances in solution by unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes
     subtype:  #artificial_kidney__hemodialyzer  a machine that uses dialysis to remove impurities and waste products from the bloodstream before returning the blood to the patient's body
  subtype:  #diathermy_machine__diathermymachine  a medical instrument for local heating of bodily tissues for medical purposes
     subtype:  #microwave_diathermy_machine__microwavediathermymachine  diathermy machine that uses microwave radiation as the source of heat
     subtype:  #shortwave_diathermy_machine__shortwavediathermymachine  a diathermy machine that uses short wave radiation as the source of heat
  subtype:  #electroencephalograph  medical instrument that records electric currents generated by the brain
  subtype:  #electromyograph  a medical instrument that records the electrical waves associated with the activity of skeletal muscles
  subtype:  #endoscope  a long slender medical instrument for examining the interior of a bodily organ or performing minor surgery
     subtype:  #arthroscope  a type of endoscope that is inserted into a joint for visual examination
     subtype:  #colonoscope  an elongated fiberoptic endoscope for examining the entire colon from cecum to rectum
     subtype:  #culdoscope  a specialized endoscope for visually examining a woman's pelvic organs
     subtype:  #gastroscope  a type of endoscope for visually examining the stomach
     subtype:  #laparoscope  a slender endoscope inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall in order to examine the abdominal organs or to perform minor surgery
     subtype:  #proctoscope  an endoscope for examining the rectum
     subtype:  #flexible_sigmoidoscope__sigmoidoscope  an endoscope (a flexible fiberoptic probe) for examining the sigmoid colon
  subtype:  #fiberscope  a flexible medical instrument involving fiber optics that is used to examine internal organs
  subtype:  #keratoscope  medical instrument to examine the cornea in order to detect irregularities in its anterior surface
  subtype:  #laryngoscope  a medical instrument for examining the larynx
  subtype:  #ophthalmoscope  medical instrument for examining the retina of the eye
     subtype:  #orthoscope  an ophthalmoscope with a layer of water to neutralize the refraction of the cornea
  subtype:  #otoscope  medical instrument consisting of a magnifying lens and light; used for examining the external ear (the auditory meatus and especially the tympanic membrane)
  subtype:  #polygraph  a medical instrument that records several physiological processes simultaneously (e.g., pulse rate and blood pressure and respiration and perspiration)
     subtype:  #lie_detector__liedetector  a polygraph that records bodily changes sometimes associated with lying
  subtype:  #rhinoscope  medical instrument consisting of a mirror mounted at an angle on a rod; used to examine the nasal passages (through the nasopharynx)
  subtype:  #speculum  a medical instrument for dilating a bodily passage or cavity in order to examine the interior
  subtype:  #stethoscope  a medical instrument for listening to the sounds generated inside the body
     subtype:  #fetoscope__foetoscope  a stethoscope placed on the pregnant woman's abdomen to listen for the fetal heartbeat
  subtype:  #surgical_instrument  a medical instrument used in surgery
     subtype:  #curette__curet  a surgical instrument shaped like a scoop to remove tissue from a bodily cavity
     subtype:  #dermatome  a surgical instrument used to cut very thin slices of skin
     subtype:  #dilater__dilator  a surgical instrument that is used to dilate or distend an opening or an organ
     subtype:  #hemostat__haemostat  a surgical instrument that stops bleeding by clamping the blood vessel
     subtype:  #photocoagulator  surgical instrument containing a laser for use in photocoagulation
     subtype:  #probe.surgical_instrument  a flexible slender surgical instrument used to explore wounds or body cavities
     subtype:  #retractor  surgical instrument that holds back the edges of a surgical incision
     subtype:  #snare.surgical_instrument  a surgical instrument consisting of wire hoop that can be drawn tight around the base of polyps or small tumors to sever them; used especially in body cavities
     subtype:  #surgical_knife  a very sharp knife used in surgery
        subtype:  #catling  a long double-edged knife used for amputations
        subtype:  #lancet__lance  a surgical knife with a pointed double-edged blade; used for punctures and small incisions
        subtype:  #scalpel  a thin straight surgical knife used in dissection and surgery
     subtype:  #trephine__trepan  a surgical instrument used to remove sections of bone from the skull
  subtype:  #syringe  a medical instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids
     subtype:  #douche_bag__douche  a small syringe with detachable nozzles; used for vaginal lavage and enemas
     subtype:  #hypodermic_syringe__hypodermic__hypo  a piston syringe that is fitted with a hypodermic needle for giving injections
  subtype:  #thermograph  medical instrument that uses an infrared camera to reveal temperature variations on the surface of the body

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