#invertebrate any animal lacking a backbone or notochord; the term is not used as a scientific classification
supertype: animal__animate_being__animatebeing__beast__brute__creature__fauna a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
part: invertebrate_foot peristome
subtype: arthropod invertebrate having jointed limbs and a segmented body with an exoskeleton made of chitin
subtype: arachnid__arachnoid air-breathing arthropods characterized by simple eyes and four pairs of legs
subtype: harvestman__daddy_longlegs__Phalangium_opilio spider-like arachnid with a small rounded body and very long thin legs
subtype: scorpion arachnid of warm dry regions having a long segmented tail ending in a venomous sting
subtype: false_scorpion__falsescorpion__pseudoscorpion small nonvenomous arachnid resembling a tailless scorpion
subtype: book_scorpion__Chelifer_cancroides minute arachnid sometimes found in old papers
subtype: whipscorpion__whip_scorpion nonvenomous arachnid that resembles a scorpion and that has a long thin stingless tail
subtype: vinegarroon__mastigoproctusgiganteu large whipscorpion of Mexico and southern United States that emits a vinegary odor when alarmed
subtype: spider predatory arachnid that usually has silk-spinning organs at the back end of the body; they spin silk to make cocoons for eggs or traps for prey
subtype: black_and_gold_garden_spider__Argiope_aurantia a widely distributed North American garden spider
subtype: barn_spider__Araneus_cavaticus an orange and tan spider with darkly banded legs that spins an orb web daily; "the barn spider was made famous in E. B. White's book `Charlotte's Web'"
subtype: garden_spider__Aranea_diademata a common European garden spider
subtype: comb-footed_spider__theridiid spider having a comb-like row of bristles on each hind foot
subtype: black_widow__blackwidow__Latrodectus_mactans venomous New World spider; the female is black with an hourglass-shaped red mark on the underside of the abdomen
subtype: tarantula large hairy tropical spider that can inflict painful but not highly venomous bites
subtype: wolf_spider__hunting_spider__huntingspider ground spider that hunts its prey instead of using a web
subtype: European_wolf_spider__tarantula__Lycosa_tarentula large southern European spider once thought to be the cause of tarantism (uncontrollable bodily movement)
subtype: trap-door_spider American spider that constructs a silk-lined nest with a hinged lid
subtype: acarine mite or tick
subtype: tick any of two families of small parasitic arachnids with barbed proboscis; feed on blood of warm-blooded animals
subtype: hard_tick__ixodid ticks having a hard shield on the back and mouth parts that project from the head
subtype: Ixodes_dammini__deer_tick a northeastern tick now recognized as same species as Ixodes scapularis
subtype: Ixodes_neotomae a tick that usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to dusky-footed woodrats
subtype: Ixodes_pacificus__western_black-legged_tick feeds on dusky-footed woodrat and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in western United States especially northern California
subtype: Ixodes_scapularis__black-legged_tick parasitic on mice of genus Peromyscus and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in eastern United States (especially New England); northern form was for a time known as Ixodes dammini (deer tick)
subtype: sheeptick__ixodesricinu parasitic on sheep and cattle as well as humans; can transmit looping ill in sheep (acute viral disease of the nervous system); a vector for Lyme disease spirochete
subtype: Ixodes_persulcatus bites humans; a vector for Lyme disease spirochete
subtype: Ixodes_dentatus usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and woodrats
subtype: Ixodes_spinipalpis usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats
subtype: wood_tick__American_dog_tick__Dermacentor_variabilis common tick that can transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia
subtype: soft_tick__argasid tick lacking a dorsal shield and having mouth parts on the under side of the head
subtype: mite any of numerous very small to minute arachnids often infesting animals or plants or stored foods
subtype: acarid very small free-living arachnid that is parasitic on animals or plants; related to ticks
subtype: trombidiid mite that in all stages feeds on other arthropods
subtype: trombiculiid mite that as nymph and adult feeds on early stages of small arthropods but whose larvae are parasitic on terrestrial vertebrates
subtype: harvest_mite__harvestmite__jigger__redbug larval mite that sucks the blood of vertebrates including human beings causing intense irritation
subtype: acarus a mite of the genus Acarus
subtype: itch_mite__sarcoptid whitish mites that attack the skin of humans and other animals; "itch mites cause scabies"
subtype: spider_mite__tetranychid web-spinning mite that attacks garden plants and fruit trees
subtype: red_spider_mite__red_spider__redspider__Panonychus_ulmi small web-spinning mite; a serious orchard pest
subtype: myriapod general term for any terrestrial arthropod having an elongated body composed of many similar segments: e.g. centipedes and millipedes
subtype: garden_centipede__garden_symphilid__symphilid__scutigerellaimmaculata minute arthropod often infesting the underground parts of truck-garden and greenhouse crops
subtype: tardigrade an arthropod of the division Tardigrada
subtype: centipede chiefly nocturnal predacious arthropod having a flattened body of 15 to 173 segments each with a pair of legs the foremost being modified into poison fangs
subtype: house_centipede__housecentipede__Scutigera_coleoptrata long-legged centipede common in damp places as e.g. cellars
subtype: millipede__milliped any of numerous herbivorous nonpoisonous arthropods having a cylindrical body of 20 to 100 or more segments most with two pairs of legs
subtype: sea_spider__seaspider__pycnogonid any of various small spider-like marine arthropods having small thin bodies and long slender legs
subtype: class_Merostomata__Merostomata used in some classifications; includes the orders Xiphosura and Eurypterida
subtype: horseshoe_crab__horseshoecrab__king_crab__Limulus_polyphemus__Xiphosurus_polyphemus large marine arthropod of the American Atlantic coast having a domed horseshoe-shaped carapace and stiff pointed tail; a living fossil related to the wood louse
subtype: Asian_horseshoe_crab horseshoe crab of the coast of eastern Asia
subtype: eurypterid large extinct scorpion-like arthropod considered related to horseshoe crabs
subtype: tongue_worm__pentastomid wormlike arthropod having two pairs of hooks at the sides of the mouth; parasitic in nasal sinuses of mammals
subtype: crustacean any mainly aquatic arthropod usually having a segmented body and chitinous exoskeleton
subtype: malacostracan_crustacean__malacostracancrustacean a major subclass of crustaceans
subtype: krill shrimp-like planktonic crustaceans; major source of food for e.g. baleen whales
subtype: Euphausia_pacifica food for jellyfish
subtype: opossum_shrimp__opossumshrimp shrimp-like crustaceans whose females carry eggs and young in a pouch between the legs
subtype: isopod any of various small terrestrial or aquatic crustaceans with seven pairs of legs adapted for crawling
subtype: woodlouse__slater any of various small terrestrial isopods having a flat elliptical segmented body; found in damp habitats
subtype: pill_bug small terrestrial isopod with a convex segmented body that can roll up into a ball
subtype: sow_bug__sowbug terrestrial isopod having an oval segmented body (a shape like a sow)
subtype: sea_louse__sealouse__sea_slater__seaslater marine isopod crustacean
subtype: amphipod a kind of malacostracan crustacean
subtype: beach_flea__beachflea__sand_hopper__sand_flea small amphipod crustaceans that hop like fleas; common on ocean beaches
subtype: skeleton_shrimp small amphipod crustacean having a grotesque form suggestive of the praying mantis; found chiefly on seaweed
subtype: whale_louse__whalelouse amphipod crustacean parasitic on cetaceans
subtype: decapod_crustacean__decapodcrustacean__decapod crustaceans characteristically having five pairs of locomotor appendages each joined to a segment of the thorax
subtype: crab decapod having eyes on short stalks and a broad flattened carapace with a small abdomen folded under the thorax and pincers
subtype: Menippe_mercenaria__stone_crab__stonecrab large edible crab of S coat of United States especially Florida
subtype: hard-shell_crab edible crab that has not recently molted and so has a hard shell
subtype: soft-shell_crab__soft-shelled_crab edible crab that has recently molted and not yet formed its new shell
subtype: Cancer_magister__Dungeness_crab small edible crab of Pacific coast of North America
subtype: rock_crab__Cancer_irroratus crab of eastern coast of North America
subtype: Jonah_crab__Cancer_borealis large red deep-water crab of the eastern coast of North America
subtype: swimming_crab marine crab with some legs flattened and fringed for swimming
subtype: English_lady_crab__Portunus_puber crab of the English coasts
subtype: American_lady_crab__lady_crab__calico_crab__Ovalipes_ocellatus brightly spotted crab of sandy beaches of the United States Atlantic coast
subtype: Callinectes_sapidus__blue_crab bluish edible crab of Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America
subtype: fiddler_crab__fiddlercrab burrowing crab of American coastal regions having one claw much enlarged in the male
subtype: pea_crab__peacrab tiny soft-bodied crab living commensally in the mantles of certain bivalve mollusks
subtype: oyster_crab__Pinnotheres_ostreum tiny soft-bodied crab living within the mantle cavity of oysters
subtype: Paralithodes_camtschatica__king_crab__Alaska_crab__Alaskan_king_crab__Alaska_king_crab large edible crab of North Pacific waters especially along the coasts of Alaska and Japan
subtype: spider_crab any of numerous crabs with very long legs and small triangular bodies
subtype: European_spider_crab__king_crab__Maja_squinado large European spider crab
subtype: giant_crab__giantcrab__Macrocheira_kaempferi very large deep-water Japanese crab
subtype: lobster any of several edible marine crustaceans of the families Homaridae and Nephropsidae and Palinuridae
subtype: true_lobster large edible marine crustaceans having large pincers on the first pair of legs
subtype: Homarus_americanus__American_lobster__Northern_lobster__Maine_lobster lobster of Atlantic coast of America
subtype: Homarus_vulgaris__European_lobster lobster of Atlantic coast of Europe
subtype: Cape_lobster__Homarus_capensis small lobster of southern Africa
subtype: Norway_lobster__Nephrops_norvegicus edible European lobster resembling the American lobster but slenderer
subtype: crawfish__spiny_lobster__spinylobster__langouste__rock_lobster__crayfish__sea_crawfish__seacrawfish large edible marine crustacean having a spiny carapace but lacking the large pincers of true lobsters
subtype: crawdaddy__crayfish__crawfish__crawdad small freshwater decapod crustacean that resembles a lobster
subtype: Old_World_crayfish__ecrevisse small crayfish of Europe and Asia and western North America
subtype: American_crayfish common large crayfishes of eastern North America
subtype: hermit_crab small soft-bodied marine crustaceans living in cast-off shells of gastropods
subtype: shrimp small slender-bodied chiefly marine decapod crustaceans with a long tail and single pair of pincers; many species are edible
subtype: snapping_shrimp__pistol_shrimp small shrimp that makes a snapping noise with one of their enlarged chelae
subtype: prawn shrimp-like decapod crustacean having two pairs of pincers; most are edible
subtype: long-clawed_prawn__river_prawn__Palaemon_australis large (a foot or more) edible freshwater prawn common in Australian rivers
subtype: tropical_prawn edible tropical and warm-water prawn
subtype: brachyuran typical crabs
subtype: stomatopod_crustacean__stomatopod a kind of crustacean
subtype: mantis_shrimp__mantis_crab tropical marine burrowing crustaceans with large grasping appendages
subtype: squilla__mantis_prawn a kind of mantis shrimp
subtype: branchiopod_crustacean__branchiopodcrustacean__branchiopod__branchiopodan aquatic crustaceans typically having a carapace and many pairs of leaflike appendages used for swimming as well as respiration and feeding
subtype: daphnia__water_flea__waterflea minute freshwater crustacean having a round body enclosed in a transparent shell; moves about like a flea by means of hairy branched antennae
subtype: fairy_shrimp__fairyshrimp small freshwater branchiopod having a transparent body with many appendages; swims on its back
subtype: brine_shrimp__brineshrimp__Artemia_salina common to saline lakes
subtype: tadpole_shrimp__tadpoleshrimp a kind of branchiopod crustacean
subtype: copepod_crustacean__copepodcrustacean__copepod minute marine or fresh-water crustaceans usually having six pairs of limbs on the thorax; some abundant in plankton and others parasitic on fish
subtype: brit__britt minute crustaceans forming food for right whales
subtype: cyclops__cyclop__water_flea__waterflea minute free-swimming freshwater copepod having a large median eye and pear-shaped body and long antennae used in swimming; important in some food chains and as intermediate hosts of parasitic worms that affect man e.g. Guinea worms
subtype: fish_louse a kind of copepod
subtype: seed_shrimp__mussel_shrimp__ostracod tiny marine and freshwater crustaceans with a shrimp-like body enclosed in a bivalve shell
subtype: barnacle__cerriped__cerripede marine crustaceans with feathery food-catching appendages; free-swimming as larvae; as adults form a hard shell and live attached to submerged surfaces
subtype: acorn_barnacle__acornbarnacle__rock_barnacle__Balanus_balanoides barnacle that attaches to rocks especially in intertidal zones
subtype: goose_barnacle__goosebarnacle__lepasfasciculari stalked barnacle that attaches to ship bottoms or floating timbers
subtype: onychophoran__velvet_worm__peripatus__peripatu any of numerous velvety-skinned wormlike carnivorous animals common in tropical forests having characteristics of both arthropods and annelid worms
subtype: Plicatoperipatus_jamaicensis a kind of onychophoran
subtype: insect small air-breathing arthropod
subtype: defoliator an insect that strips the leaves from plants
subtype: pollinator an insect that carries pollen from one flower to another
subtype: gallfly any of various insects that deposit their eggs in plants causing galls in which the larvae feed
subtype: mecopteran any of various carnivorous insects of the order Mecoptera
subtype: scorpion_fly any of various mecopterous insects of the family Panorpidae of the northern hemisphere having a long beak and long antennae; males have a tail like that of a scorpion except it is not venomous
subtype: hanging_fly__hangingfly any of various mecopterous insects of the family Bittacidae
subtype: collembolan__springtail any of numerous minute wingless primitive insects possessing a special abdominal appendage that allows the characteristic nearly perpetual springing pattern; found in soil rich in organic debris or on the surface of snow or water
subtype: proturan__telsontail any of several minute primitive wingless and eyeless insects having a cone-shaped head; inhabit damp soil or decaying organic matter
subtype: beetle insect having biting mouthparts and front wings modified to form horny covers overlying the membranous rear wings
subtype: tiger_beetle__tigerbeetle active usually bright-colored beetle that preys on other insects
subtype: ladybug__lady_beetle__ladybird__ladybird_beetle small round bright-colored and spotted beetle that usually feeds on aphids and other insect pests
subtype: two-spotted_ladybug__twospottedladybug__Adalia_bipunctata red ladybug with a black spot on each wing
subtype: Mexican_bean_beetle__bean_beetle__Epilachna_varivestis introduced into the United States from Mexico; feeds on the foliage of the bean plant
subtype: Hippodamia_convergens a variety of ladybug
subtype: vedalia__Rodolia_cardinalis native to Australia; introduced elsewhere to control scale insects
subtype: ground_beetle__carabid_beetle__carabidbeetle predacious shining black or metallic terrestrial beetle that destroys many injurious insects
subtype: bombardier_beetle beetle that ejects audibly a pungent vapor when disturbed
subtype: calosoma any beetle of the genus Calosoma
subtype: searcher_beetle__searcher__Calosoma_scrutator large metallic blue-green beetle that preys on caterpillars; North America
subtype: lightning_bug__lightningbug__firefly nocturnal beetle common in warm regions having luminescent abdominal organs
subtype: glowworm the luminous larva or wingless grub-like female of a firefly
subtype: long-horned_beetle__longicorn__longicorn_beetle__longicornbeetle long-bodied beetle having very long antennae
subtype: sawyer_beetle__sawyer any of several beetles whose larvae bore holes in dead or dying trees especially conifers
subtype: pine_sawyer large beetle whose larvae bore holes in pine trees
subtype: leaf_beetle__chrysomelid brightly colored beetle that feeds on plant leaves; larvae infest roots and stems
subtype: flea_beetle__fleabeetle any small leaf beetle having enlarged hind legs and capable of jumping
subtype: Colorado_potato_beetle__Colorado_beetle__potato_bug__potato_beetle__Leptinotarsa_decemlineata black-and-yellow beetle that feeds in adult and larval stages on potato leaves; originally of eastern Rocky Mountains; now worldwide
subtype: carpet_beetle__carpet_bug small beetle whose larvae are household pests feeding on woolen fabrics
subtype: buffalo_carpet_beetle__Anthrenus_scrophulariae a small black and red and white carpet beetle
subtype: black_carpet_beetle a solid black carpet beetle
subtype: clerid_beetle__clerid predacious on other insects; usually brightly colored or metallic
subtype: bee_beetle__beebeetle European beetle; infests beehives
subtype: lamellicorn_beetle__lamellicornbeetle beetle having antennae with hard platelike terminal segments
subtype: scarabaeid_beetle__scarabaeid__scarabaean any of numerous species of stout-bodied beetles having heads with horny spikes
subtype: dung_beetle any of numerous beetles that roll balls of dung on which they feed and in which they lay eggs
subtype: scarab__scarabaeus__Scarabaeus_sacer scarabaeid beetle considered divine by ancient Egyptians
subtype: tumblebug any of various dung beetles
subtype: dorbeetle Old World dung beetle that flies with a droning sound
subtype: June_beetle__June_bug__May_bug__May_beetle any of various large usually brown North American leaf-eating beetles common in late spring; the larvae feed on roots of grasses etc.
subtype: green_June_beetle__figeater large greenish June beetle of southern United States
subtype: Japanese_beetle__Popillia_japonica small metallic green and brown beetle native to eastern Asia; serious plant pest in North America
subtype: Oriental_beetle__Asiatic_beetle__Anomala_orientalis introduced into United States from the Orient; larvae feed on roots of sugarcane and other grasses
subtype: rhinoceros_beetle any of various large chiefly tropical beetles having horns on the head; pest on coconuts
subtype: melolonthid_beetle__melolonthidbeetle any of various beetles of the family (or subfamily) Melolonthidae
subtype: cockchafer__May_bug__May_beetle__Melolontha_melolontha any of various large European beetles destructive to vegetation as both larvae and adult
subtype: rose_bug__rose_chafer__Macrodactylus_subspinosus common North American beetle: larvae feed on roots and adults on leaves and flowers of e.g. rose bushes or apple trees or grape vines
subtype: rose_chafer__rose_beetle__Cetonia_aurata a common metallic green European beetle: larvae feed on plant roots and adults on leaves and flowers of e.g. roses
subtype: stag_beetle the male has branched mandibles resembling antlers
subtype: elaterid_beetle__elater__elaterid any of various widely distributed beetles
subtype: click_beetle__clickbeetle__skipjack__snapping_beetle able to right itself when on its back by flipping into the air with a clicking sound
subtype: firefly__fire_beetle__Pyrophorus_noctiluca tropical American click beetle having bright luminous spots
subtype: water_beetle__waterbeetle any of numerous aquatic beetles usually having a smooth oval body and flattened hind legs for swimming
subtype: whirligig_beetle__whirligigbeetle aquatic beetle that circles rapidly on the water surface
subtype: deathwatch_beetle__deathwatch__Xestobium_rufovillosum bores through wood making a ticking sound popularly thought to presage death
subtype: weevil any of several families of mostly small beetles that feed on plants and plant products; especially snout weevils and seed weevils
subtype: snout_beetle__snoutbeetle small weevil having a prolonged snout; destructive to e.g. grains and nuts
subtype: boll_weevil__Anthonomus_grandis grayish weevil that lays its eggs in cotton bolls destroying the cotton
subtype: darkling_beetle__darkling_groung_beetle__tenebrionid sluggish hard-bodied black terrestrial weevil whose larvae feed on e.g. decaying plant material or grain
subtype: flour_beetle__flourbeetle__flour_weevil__flourweevil infests flour and stored grains
subtype: seed_beetle__seed_weevil infests the seeds of legumes
subtype: pea_weevil__peaweevil__Bruchus_pisorum larvae live in and feed on seeds of the pea plant
subtype: bean_weevil__Acanthoscelides_obtectus larvae live in and feed on growing or stored beans
subtype: rice_weevil__black_weevil__blackweevil__Sitophylus_oryzae brown weevil that infests stored grain especially rice
subtype: blister_beetle__blisterbeetle__meloid beetle that produces a secretion that blisters the skin
subtype: oil_beetle__oilbeetle any of various beetles that exude an oily substance from the leg joints that deters enemies
subtype: Spanish_fly green beetle of southern Europe
subtype: bark_beetle small beetle that bores tunnels in the bark and wood of trees; related to weevils
subtype: Dutch-elm_beetle__Scolytus_multistriatus a vector of the fungus causing Dutch elm disease
subtype: rove_beetle active beetle typically having predatory or scavenging habits
subtype: web_spinner__webspinner any of a small order of slender typically tropical insects that nest in colonies in silken tunnels that they spin
subtype: sucking_louse__suckinglouse__louse wingless usually flattened blood-sucking insect parasitic on warm-blooded animals
subtype: common_louse__Pediculus_humanus head or body louse
subtype: head_louse__Pediculus_capitis infests the head and body of humans
subtype: body_louse__cootie__Pediculus_corporis a parasitic louse that infests the body of human beings
subtype: crab_louse__pubic_louse__pubiclouse__crab__Phthirius_pubis infests the pubic region of the human body
subtype: bird_louse__biting_louse__louse wingless insect with mouth parts adapted for biting; mostly parasitic on birds
subtype: chicken_louse__chickenlouse__shaft_louse__shaftlouse__Menopon_palladum__Menopon_gallinae parasitic on poultry
subtype: flea any wingless blood-sucking parasitic insect noted for ability to leap
subtype: Pulex_irritans the most common flea attacking humans
subtype: dog_flea__dogflea__Ctenocephalides_canis flea that attacks dogs and cats
subtype: cat_flea__catflea__Ctenocephalides_felis flea that breeds chiefly on cats and dogs and rats
subtype: chigoe_flea__chigoe__chigger__Tunga_penetrans small tropical flea; the fertile female burrows under the skin of the host including humans
subtype: sticktight_flea__sticktight__Echidnophaga_gallinacea parasitic on especially the heads of chickens
subtype: dipterous_insect__dipterousinsect__two-winged_insects__dipteran__dipteron insects having usually a single pair of functional wings (anterior pair) with the posterior pair reduced to small knobbed structures and mouth parts adapted for sucking or lapping or piercing
subtype: gall_midge__gallfly__gallgnat fragile mosquito-like flies that produce galls on plants
subtype: Hessian_fly__Mayetiola_destructor small fly whose larvae damage wheat and other grains
subtype: fly two-winged insects characterized by active flight
subtype: housefly__Musca_domestica common fly that frequents human habitations and spreads many diseases
subtype: tsetse_fly__tsetse__tzetze_fly__tzetze__glossina blood-sucking African fly; transmits sleeping sickness etc.
subtype: blowfly__blow_fly large usually hairy metallic blue or green fly; lays eggs in carrion or dung or wounds
subtype: Calliphora_vicina__bluebottle blowfly with iridescent blue body; makes a loud buzzing noise in flight
subtype: greenbottle_fly__greenbottle blowfly with brilliant coppery green body
subtype: flesh_fly__fleshfly__Sarcophaga_carnaria fly whose larvae feed on carrion or the flesh of living animals
subtype: tachina_fly__tachinafly bristly fly whose larvae live parasitically in caterpillars and other insects; important in control of noxious insects
subtype: gadfly any of various large flies that annoy livestock
subtype: botfly stout-bodied hairy dipterous fly whose larvae are parasites on humans and other mammals
subtype: horse_botfly__horsebotfly__Gasterophilus_intestinalis parasitic chiefly on horses
subtype: human_botfly__humanbotfly__dermatobiahomini large tropical American fly; parasitic on humans and other mammals
subtype: sheep_botfly__sheepbotfly__sheep_gadfly__sheepgadfly__Oestrus_ovis larvae are parasitic on sheep
subtype: warble_fly hairy bee-like fly whose larvae produce lumpy abscesses (warbles) under the skin of cattle
subtype: horsefly__cleg__clegg__horse_fly__horsefly large swift fly the female of which sucks blood of various animals
subtype: bee_fly__beefly hairy nectar-eating fly that resembles a bee; larvae are parasitic on larvae of bees and related insects
subtype: horn_fly__Haematobia_irritans small black European fly introduced into North America; sucks blood from cattle especially at the base of the horn
subtype: robber_fly__bee_killer__beekiller swift predatory fly having a strong body like a bee with the proboscis hardened for sucking juices of other insects captured on the wing
subtype: fruit_fly__fruitfly__pomace_fly any of numerous small insects whose larvae feed on fruits
subtype: apple_maggot__applemaggot__railroad_worm__Rhagoletis_pomonella larvae bore into and feed on apples
subtype: Mediterranean_fruit_fly__medfly__Ceratitis_capitata small black-and-white fly that damages citrus and other fruits by implanting eggs that hatch inside the fruit
subtype: drosophila__Drosophila_melanogaster small fly used in studying basic mechanisms of inheritance
subtype: vinegar_fly flies whose larvae feed on pickles and imperfectly sealed preserves
subtype: louse_fly__lousefly__hippoboscid blood-sucking dipterous fly parasitic on birds and mammals
subtype: horse_tick__horsetick__horsefly__Hippobosca_equina winged fly parasitic on horses
subtype: sheep_ked__sheepked__sheeptick__sheeptick__melophagusovinu wingless fly that is an external parasite on sheep and cattle
subtype: mosquito two-winged insect whose female has a long proboscis to pierce the skin and suck the blood of humans and animals
subtype: gnat.mosquito British usage
subtype: yellow-fever_mosquito__Aedes_aegypti mosquito that transmits yellow fever and dengue
subtype: Asian_tiger_mosquito__Aedes_albopictus striped native of Japan thriving in United States southeast and midwest and spreading to the Caribbean; potential carrier of serious diseases
subtype: anopheline any mosquito of the genus Anopheles
subtype: malarial_mosquito__malaria_mosquito__malariamosquito transmits the malaria parasite
subtype: common_mosquito__Culex_pipiens common house mosquito
subtype: Culex_quinquefasciatus__Culex_fatigans widespread tropical mosquito that transmits filarial worms
subtype: gnat any of various small biting flies: midges; biting midges; black flies; sand flies
subtype: punkie__punky__punkey__no-see-um__biting_midge minute two-winged insect that sucks the blood of mammals and birds and other insects
subtype: midge minute two-winged mosquito-like fly lacking biting mouthparts; appear in dancing swarms especially near water
subtype: psychodid a fly of the family Psychodidae
subtype: sand_fly__Phlebotomus_papatasii blood-sucking females can transmit sandfly fever
subtype: black_fly__blackfly__buffalo_gnat__buffalognat small blackish stout-bodied biting fly having aquatic larvae; sucks the blood of birds as well as humans and other mammals
subtype: fungus_gnat mosquito-like insect whose larvae feed on fungi or decaying vegetation
subtype: sciara__fungus_gnat__sciarid minute blackish gregarious flies destructive to mushrooms and seedlings
subtype: armyworm larva of fungus gnat; march in large companies in regular order
subtype: crane_fly__cranefly__daddy_longlegs long-legged slender flies that resemble large mosquitoes but do not bite
subtype: leaf_miner__leafminer any of various small moths or dipterous flies whose larvae burrow into and feed on leaf tissue especially of the family Gracilariidae
subtype: hymenopterous_insect__hymenopterousinsect__hymenopteran__hymenopteron__hymenopter insects having two pairs of membranous wings and an ovipositor specialized for stinging or piercing
subtype: bee any of numerous hairy-bodied insects including social and solitary species
subtype: drone stingless male bee in a colony of social bees (especially honeybees) whose sole function is to mate with the queen
subtype: honeybee__Apis_mellifera social bee often domesticated for the honey it produces
subtype: Africanized_bee__Africanized_honey_bee__killer_bee__Apis_mellifera_scutellata__Apis_mellifera_adansonii a strain of bees that originated in Brazil in the 1950s as a cross between an aggressive African bee and a honeybee; retains most of the traits of the African bee; now spread as far north as Texas
subtype: black_bee__blackbee__German_bee dark-colored ill-tempered honeybee supposedly of German origin
subtype: Carniolan_bee grayish highly productive European honeybee that has a quiet disposition
subtype: Italian_bee yellowish honeybee resembling the Carniolan bee in its habits
subtype: carpenter_bee__carpenterbee large solitary bee that lays eggs in tunnels bored into wood or plant stems
subtype: bumblebee__humblebee robust hairy social bee of temperate regions
subtype: cuckoo-bumblebee a bee that is parasitic in the nests of bumblebees
subtype: andrena__andrenid__mining_bee a bee that is a a member of the genus Andrena
subtype: Nomia_melanderi__alkali_bee a common solitary bee important for pollinating alfalfa in the western United States
subtype: leaf-cutting_bee__leaf-cutter__leaf-cutter_bee bee that cuts rounded pieces from leaves and flowers to line its nest
subtype: mason_bee__masonbee any of numerous solitary bees that build nests of hardened mud and sand
subtype: potter_bee solitary bee that builds nests of mud or pebbles cemented together and attached to a plant
subtype: wasp social or solitary hymenopterans typically having a slender body with the abdomen attached by a narrow stalk and having a formidable sting
subtype: vespid_wasp__vespid mostly social nest-building wasps
subtype: paper_wasp__paperwasp any of several social wasps that construct nests of a substance like paper
subtype: Polistes_annularis a variety of paper wasp
subtype: hornet large stinging paper wasp
subtype: giant_hornet__gianthornet__Vespa_crabro European hornet introduced into the United States
subtype: bald-faced_hornet__white-faced_hornet__whitefacedhornet__Vespula_maculata North American hornet
subtype: yellow_jacket__yellow_hornet__Vespula_maculifrons small yellow-marked social wasp commonly nesting in the ground
subtype: common_wasp__Vespula_vulgaris a variety of vespid wasp
subtype: mason_wasp__masonwasp any of various solitary wasps that construct nests of hardened mud for their young
subtype: potter_wasp any of various solitary wasps that construct vase-shaped cells of mud for their eggs
subtype: sphecoid_wasp__sphecoid any of various solitary wasps
subtype: mason_wasp.sphecoid_wasp__masonwasp solitary wasp that constructs nests of hardened mud or clay for the young
subtype: digger_wasp solitary wasp that digs nests in the soil and stocks them with paralyzed insects for the larvae
subtype: cicada_killer__Sphecius_speciosis large black or rust-colored wasp that preys on cicadas
subtype: mud_dauber__muddauber wasp that constructs mud cells on a solid base in which females place eggs laid in paralyzed insect larvae
subtype: cynipid_gall_wasp__gall_wasp__gallfly__cynipidwasp small solitary wasp that produces galls on oaks and other plants
subtype: chalcid_fly__chalcidfly__chalcid__chalcid_wasp__chalcidwasp any of various tiny insects whose larvae are parasites on eggs and larvae of other insects; many are beneficial in destroying injurious insects
subtype: chalcis_fly__chalcisfly a variety of chalcid fly
subtype: ichneumon_fly__ichneumonfly hymenopterous insect that resembles a wasp and whose larvae are parasitic on caterpillars and other insect larvae
subtype: sawfly insect whose female has a saw-like ovipositor for inserting eggs into the leaf or stem tissue of a host plant
subtype: birch_leaf_miner__Fenusa_pusilla small black sawfly native to Europe but established in eastern United States; larvae mine the leaves of birches causing serious defoliation
subtype: ant__emmet__pismire social insect living in organized colonies; characteristically the males and fertile queen have wings during breeding season; wingless sterile females are the workers
subtype: pharaoh_ant__pharaohant__pharaoh's_ant__pharaoh'sant__Monomorium_pharaonis small red ant of warm regions; a common household pest
subtype: little_black_ant__Monomorium_minimum tiny glossy black ant; nests outdoors but invades houses for food
subtype: army_ant__driver_ant__legionary_ant__legionaryant tropical nomadic ant that preys mainly on other insects
subtype: carpenter_ant__carpenterant ant that nests in decaying wood in which it bores tunnels for depositing eggs
subtype: fire_ant omnivorous ant of tropical and subtropical America that can inflict a painful sting
subtype: wood_ant__Formica_rufa reddish-brown European ant typically living in anthills in woodlands
subtype: slave_ant__slaveant any of various ants captured as larvae and enslaved by another species
subtype: Formica_fusca an ant frequently enslaved
subtype: slave-making_ant__slave-maker__slavemaker an ant that attacks colonies of other ant species and carries off the young to be reared as slaves
subtype: sanguinary_ant__Formica_sanguinea slave-making ant widely distributed over the northern hemisphere
subtype: Amazon_ant__Polyergus_rufescens small reddish slave-making ant species
subtype: bulldog_ant__bulldogant any of the large fierce Australian ants of the genus Myrmecia
subtype: worker.insect sterile member of a colony of social insects that forages for food and cares for the larvae
subtype: soldier.worker a wingless sterile ant or termite having a large head and powerful jaws adapted for defending the colony
subtype: worker_bee sterile bee specialized to collect food and maintain the hive
subtype: termite__white_ant__whiteant whitish soft-bodied ant-like social insect that feeds on wood
subtype: Reticulitermes_flanipes destructive United States termite
subtype: Reticulitermes_lucifugus destructive European termite
subtype: Mastotermes_darwiniensis Australian termite; sole living species of Mastotermes; called a living fossil; apparent missing link between cockroaches and termites
subtype: Mastotermes_electromexicus extinct termite found in amber in S Mexico
subtype: Mastotermes_electrodominicus extinct termite found in amber in the Dominican Republic
subtype: powder-post_termite__Cryptotermes_brevis extremely destructive dry-wood termite of warm regions
subtype: orthopterous_insect__orthopteron__orthopteran any of various insects having leathery forewings and membranous hind wings and chewing mouthparts
subtype: grasshopper.orthopterous_insect__hopper terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping
subtype: short-horned_grasshopper__acridid grasshopper with short antennae
subtype: locust migratory grasshoppers of warm regions having short antennae
subtype: migratory_locust__migratorylocust__Locusta_migratoria Old World locust that travels in vast swarms stripping large areas of vegetation
subtype: migratory_grasshopper__migratorygrasshopper serious pest of grain-growing and range areas of central and western United States
subtype: long-horned_grasshopper__tettigoniid grasshoppers with long threadlike antennae and well-developed stridulating organs on the forewings of the male
subtype: katydid large green long-horned grasshopper of North America; males produce shrill sounds by rubbing together special organs on the forewings
subtype: mormon_cricket__Anabrus_simplex large dark wingless cricket-like katydid of arid parts of western United States
subtype: sand_cricket__Jerusalem_cricket__Stenopelmatus_fuscus large wingless nocturnal grasshopper that burrows in loose soil along the United States Pacific coast
subtype: cricket.orthopterous_insect leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together
subtype: mole_cricket digs in moist soil and feeds on plant roots
subtype: European_house_cricket__Acheta_domestica lives in human dwellings; naturalized in parts of America
subtype: field_cricket__fieldcricket__Acheta_assimilis common American black cricket; attacks crops and also enters dwellings
subtype: tree_cricket pale arboreal American cricket noted for loud stridulation
subtype: snowy_tree_cricket__Oecanthus_fultoni pale yellowish tree cricket widely distributed in North America
subtype: phasmid_insect__phasmidinsect__phasmid large cylindrical or flattened mostly tropical insects with long strong legs that feed on plants; walking sticks and leaf insects
subtype: walkingstick__walking_stick__walkingstick__stick_insect__stickinsect any of various mostly tropical insects having long twiglike bodies
subtype: diapheromera__Diapheromera_femorata a variety of stick insect
subtype: walking_leaf__walkingleaf__leaf_insect tropical insect having a flattened leaflike body; common in southern Asia and the East Indies
subtype: dictyopterous_insect__dictyopterousinsect cockroaches and mantids
subtype: cockroach__roach any of numerous chiefly nocturnal insects; some are domestic pests
subtype: oriental_cockroach__oriental_roach__Asiatic_cockroach__blackbeetle__Blatta_orientalis dark brown cockroach originally from orient now nearly cosmopolitan in distribution
subtype: American_cockroach__Periplaneta_americana large reddish brown free-flying cockroach originally from southern United States but now widely distributed
subtype: Australian_cockroach__Periplaneta_australasiae widely distributed in warm countries
subtype: German_cockroach__Croton_bug__water_bug__waterbug__Blattella_germanica small light-brown cockroach brought to United States from Europe; a common household pest
subtype: giant_cockroach__giantcockroach large tropical American cockroaches
subtype: mantis__mantid predacious long-bodied large-eyed insect of warm regions; rests with forelimbs raised as in prayer
subtype: praying_mantis__praying_mantid__prayingmantid__Mantis_religioso the common mantis
subtype: bug general term for any insect or similar creeping or crawling invertebrate
subtype: hemipterous_insect__hemipterousinsect__bug__hemipteran__hemipteron insects with sucking mouthparts and forewings thickened and leathery at the base; usually show incomplete metamorphosis
subtype: leaf_bug__plant_bug__plantbug small bright-colored insect that feeds on plant juices
subtype: mirid_bug__miridbug__mirid__capsid a variety of leaf bug
subtype: four-lined_plant_bug__four-lined_leaf_bug__Poecilocapsus_lineatus yellow or orange leaf bug with four black stripes down the back; widespread in central and eastern North America
subtype: lygus_bug__lygusbug vector of viral plant diseases
subtype: tarnished_plant_bug__Lygus_lineolaris widespread plant and fruit pest
subtype: lace_bug small bug having body and wings covered with a lacy network of raised lines
subtype: lygaeid_bug__lygaeidbug__lygaeid a true bug: usually bright-colored; pest of cultivated crops and some fruit trees
subtype: chinch_bug__Blissus_leucopterus small black-and-white insect that feeds on cereal grasses
subtype: coreid_bug__coreid a true bug
subtype: squash_bug__Anasa_tristis large black American bug that sucks sap of vines of the gourd family
subtype: leaf-footed_bug__leaf-foot_bug large sap-sucking bug with leaflike expansions on the legs
subtype: bedbug__bed_bug__bedbug__chinch__Cimex_lectularius bug of temperate regions that infests especially beds and feeds on human blood
subtype: backswimmer__Notonecta_undulata predaceous aquatic insect that swims on its back and may inflict painful bites
subtype: true_bug any of various insects of the order Hemiptera and especially of the suborder Heteroptera
subtype: heteropterous_insect__heteropterousinsect true bugs: insects whose forewings are membranous but have leathery tips
subtype: water_bug__waterbug a true bug: large aquatic bug adapted to living in or on the surface of water
subtype: giant_water_bug large water bug with piercing and sucking mouthparts; feeds on young fishes
subtype: water_scorpion__waterscorpion long-legged aquatic insect having the front legs fitted for seizing and holding prey and the abdomen extended by a long breathing tube
subtype: water_boatman__waterboatman__boat_bug carnivorous aquatic bug having paddle-like hind legs
subtype: water_strider__waterstrider__pond-skater__water_skater__waterskater long-legged bug that skims about on the surface of water
subtype: common_pond-skater__Gerris_lacustris a variety of water strider
subtype: assassin_bug__reduviid a true bug: long-legged predacious bug living mostly on other insects; a few suck blood of mammals
subtype: conenose_bug__conenose__cone-nosed_bug__big_bedbug__bigbedbug__kissing_bug__kissingbug large bloodsucking bug
subtype: wheel_bug__wheelbug__Arilus_cristatus large predatory North American bug that sucks the blood of other insects
subtype: firebug a true bug: brightly colored bug that can exude a stain
subtype: cotton_stainer a true bug: bug that damages and stains the lint of developing cotton
subtype: homopterous_insect__homopterousinsect__homopteran insects having membranous forewings and hind wings
subtype: whitefly minute insect that feeds on plant juices; related to scale insects
subtype: citrus_whitefly__Dialeurodes_citri whitefly that attacks citrus trees
subtype: greenhouse_whitefly__Trialeurodes_vaporariorum whitefly that inhabits greenhouses
subtype: sweet-potato_whitefly a variety of whitefly
subtype: superbug__Bemisia_tabaci__poinsettia_strain a strain accidentally imported into Florida from the Middle East then spread to California where it is a very serious pest feeding on almost all vegetable crops and poinsettias
subtype: cotton_strain feeds primarily on cotton
subtype: coccid_insect scale insects and mealybugs
subtype: scale_insect__scaleinsect small homopterous insect that usually lives and feeds on plants and secretes a protective waxy covering
subtype: soft_scale an insect active in all stages
subtype: brown_soft_scale__Coccus_hesperidum pest on citrus trees
subtype: wax_insect__waxinsect any of various insects that secrete a waxy substance
subtype: armored_scale__armoredscale insect having a firm covering of wax especially in the female
subtype: San_Jose_scale__Aspidiotus_perniciosus small east Asian insect naturalized in the United States that damages fruit trees
subtype: cochineal_insect__cochinealinsect__cochineal__Dactylopius_coccus Mexican red scale insect that feeds on cacti; the source of a red dye
subtype: mealybug__mealy_bug__mealybug scale-like plant-eating insect coated with a powdery waxy secretion; destructive especially of fruit trees
subtype: citrophilous_mealybug__citrophilus_mealybug__citrophilusmealybug__pseudococcusfragili destructive especially to citrus
subtype: Comstock_mealybug__Comstock's_mealybug__Pseudococcus_comstocki Asiatic insect introduced accidentally into United States; pest on citrus and apple trees
subtype: citrus_mealybug__citrusmealybug__Planococcus_citri feeds on a wide variety of cultivated plants but especially destructive to citrus
subtype: plant_louse__louse any of several small insects especially aphids that feed by sucking the juices from plants
subtype: aphid any of various small plant-sucking insects
subtype: green_apple_aphid__greenappleaphid__apple_aphid__appleaphid__Aphis_pomi bright green aphid; feeds on and causes curling of apple leaves
subtype: blackfly__bean_aphid__Aphis_fabae blackish aphid that infests e.g. beans and sugar beets
subtype: greenfly greenish aphid; pest on garden and crop plants
subtype: green_peach_aphid__greenpeachaphid yellowish green aphid that is especially destructive to peaches
subtype: pale_chrysanthemum_aphid important pest of chrysanthemums
subtype: ant_cow__antcow excretes a honeylike substance eaten by ants
subtype: woolly_aphid__woolly_plant_louse secretes a waxy substance like a mass of fine curly white cotton or woolly threads
subtype: woolly_apple_aphid__American_blight__Eriosoma_lanigerum primarily a bark feeder on aerial parts and roots of apple and other trees
subtype: woolly_alder_aphid__Prociphilus_tessellatus attacks alders
subtype: adelgid any of various insects that feed and form galls on conifers
subtype: balsam_woolly_aphid__Adelges_piceae a variety of adelgid
subtype: spruce_gall_aphid__Adelges_abietis a variety of adelgid
subtype: pine_leaf_aphid__Pineus_pinifoliae a variety of adelgid
subtype: woolly_adelgid an insect that feeds on hemlocks; its egg sacs are small fuzzy white balls like artificial snow on a Christmas tree
subtype: grape_louse__grapelouse__grape_phylloxera__grapephylloxera__Phylloxera_vitifoleae destructive to various grape plants
subtype: jumping_plant_louse__psylla__psyllid small active cicada-like insect with hind legs adapted for leaping; feeds on plant juices
subtype: oak_blight__oakblight a black plant louse that lives on oaks and dogwoods
subtype: cicada__cicala stout-bodied insect with large membranous wings; male has drum-like organs for producing a high-pitched drone
subtype: dog-day_cicada__dogdaycicada__harvest_fly__harvestfly its distinctive song is heard during July and August
subtype: seventeen-year_locust__periodical_cicada__Magicicada_septendecim North American cicada; appears in great numbers at infrequent intervals because the nymphs take 13' to 17' years to mature
subtype: spittle_insect__spittleinsect__spittlebug small leaping herbivorous insect that lives in a mass of protective froth which it and its larvae secrete
subtype: froghopper a variety of spittlebug
subtype: meadow_spittlebug__Philaenus_spumarius North American insect that severely damages grasses
subtype: pine_spittlebug North American insect that attacks pines
subtype: Saratoga_spittlebug__Aphrophora_saratogensis feeds on pines in northern United States
subtype: leafhopper small leaping insect that sucks the juices of plants
subtype: jassid a variety of leafhopper
subtype: plant_hopper__planthopper__planthopper related to the leafhoppers and spittlebugs but rarely damages cultivated plants
subtype: treehopper small leaping insect that sucks juices of branches and twigs
subtype: lantern_fly__lanternfly large brightly marked tropical insect with a process like a snout that was formerly thought to emit light
subtype: psocopterous_insect small soft-bodied insect with chewing mouthparts and either no wings or two pairs
subtype: psocid small winged insect living on the bark and leaves of trees and feeding on e.g. fungi and decaying plant matter
subtype: barklouse__bark_louse any of several insects living on the bark of plants
subtype: booklouse__Liposcelis_divinatorius minute wingless psocopterous insects injurious to books and papers
subtype: common_booklouse__Trogium_pulsatorium a variety of booklouse
subtype: ephemerid__ephemeropteran short-lived insect
subtype: Plectophera in some former classifications: name for the Ephemeroptera
subtype: mayfly__dayfly__shadfly slender insect with delicate membranous wings having an aquatic larval stage and terrestrial adult stage usually lasting less than two days
subtype: stonefly__stone_fly__stonefly__plecopteran primitive winged insect with a flattened body; used as bait by fishermen; aquatic gilled larvae are carnivorous and live beneath stones
subtype: neuropteron__neuropteran__neuropterous_insect insect having biting mouthparts and four large membranous wings with netlike veins
subtype: antlion_fly__antlionfly__ant_lion__antlion winged insect resembling a dragonfly; the larvae (doodlebugs) dig conical pits where they wait to catch e.g. ants
subtype: lacewing_fly__lacewing any of two families of gauzy-winged insects (Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae); larvae feed on insect pests such as aphids
subtype: green_lacewing__greenlacewing__chrysopid__stink_fly__stinkfly pale green unpleasant-smelling lacewing fly having carnivorous larvae
subtype: golden-eyed_fly__goldeneyedfly__goldeneye a variety of green lacewing
subtype: brown_lacewing__brownlacewing__hemerobiid__hemerobiid_fly small dark-colored lacewing fly
subtype: dobson_fly__dobson__Corydalus_cornutus large soft-bodied insect having long slender mandibles in the male; aquatic larvae often used as bait
subtype: fishfly similar to but smaller than the dobsonfly
subtype: alderfly__alder_fly__alderfly__Sialis_lutaria dark-colored insect having predaceous aquatic larvae
subtype: snakefly predatory insect of western North America having a long necklike prothorax
subtype: mantispid insect that resembles a mantis; larvae are parasites in the nests of spiders and wasps
subtype: spongefly__spongillafly hairy-bodied insect whose larvae feed on freshwater sponges
subtype: odonate large primitive predatory aquatic insect having two pairs of membranous wings
subtype: dragonfly__darning_needle__darningneedle__devil's_darning_needle__devil'sdarningneedle__sewing_needle__snake_feeder__snakefeeder__snake_doctor__snakedoctor__mosquito_hawk__skeeter_hawk__skeeterhawk slender-bodied non-stinging insect having iridescent wings that are outspread at rest; adults and nymphs feed on mosquitoes etc.
subtype: damselfly slender non-stinging insect similar to but smaller than the dragonfly but having wings folded when at rest
subtype: trichopterous_insect__trichopterousinsect__trichopteran__trichopteron caddis fly
subtype: caddis_fly__caddisfly__caddice_fly__caddicefly__caddicefly small moth-like insect having two pairs of hairy membranous wings and aquatic larvae
subtype: thysanuran_insect__thysanuron primitive wingless insects: bristletail
subtype: bristletail small wingless insect with a long bristlelike tail
subtype: firebrat__Thermobia_domestica lives in warm moist areas e.g. around furnaces
subtype: Lepisma_saccharina__silverfish silver-gray wingless insect found in houses feeding on book bindings and starched clothing
subtype: jumping_bristletail__jumpingbristletail__machilid wingless insect living in dark moist places as under dead tree trunks; they make erratic leaps when disturbed
subtype: thysanopter__thysanopteron__thysanopterous_insect an insect of the order Thysanoptera
subtype: thrips__thripid any of various small to minute sucking insects with narrow feathery wings if any; they feed on plant sap and many are destructive
subtype: tobacco_thrips__Frankliniella_fusca injurious to growing tobacco and peanuts
subtype: onion_thrips__onion_louse__onionlouse__Thrips_tobaci injurious to onion plants and sometimes tobacco
subtype: earwig any of numerous insects of the order Dermaptera having elongate bodies and slender many-jointed antennae and a pair of large pincers at the rear of the abdomen
subtype: common_European_earwig__Forficula_auricularia sometimes destructive to cultivated bulbs
subtype: lepidopterous_insect__lepidopterousinsect__lepidopteron__lepidopteran insect that in the adult state has four wings more or less covered with tiny scales
subtype: butterfly diurnal insect typically having a slender body with knobbed antennae and broad colorful wings
subtype: nymphalid_butterfly__nymphalid__brush-footed_butterfly__four-footed_butterfly medium to large butterflies found worldwide typically having brightly colored wings and much-reduced nonfunctional forelegs carried folded on the breast
subtype: mourning_cloak_butterfly__mourning_cloak__Camberwell_beauty__Nymphalis_antiopa of temperate regions; having dark purple wings with yellow borders
subtype: tortoiseshell_butterfly__tortoiseshell brilliantly colored; larvae feed on nettles
subtype: painted_beauty__paintedbeauty__Vanessa_virginiensis American butterfly having dark brown wings with white and golden orange spots
subtype: admiral any of several brightly colored butterflies
subtype: red_admiral__redadmiral__Vanessa_atalanta of temperate Europe and Asia; having black wings with red and white markings
subtype: white_admiral__whiteadmiral__Limenitis_camilla Eurasian butterfly with brown wings and white markings
subtype: banded_purple__white_admiral__whiteadmiral__Limenitis_arthemis North American butterfly with blue-black wings crossed by a broad white band
subtype: red-spotted_purple__redspottedpurple__Limenitis_astyanax similar to the banded purple but with red spots on underwing surfaces
subtype: Limenitis_archippus__viceroy showy American butterfly resembling the monarch but smaller
subtype: anglewing nymphalid butterfly having angular notches on the outer edges of the forewings
subtype: comma_butterfly__commabutterfly__comma__Polygonia_comma anglewing butterfly with a comma-shaped mark on the underside of each hind wing
subtype: fritillary butterfly with brownish wings marked with black and silver
subtype: silverspot butterfly with silver spots on the underside of the hind wings
subtype: emperor_butterfly__emperorbutterfly__emperor large richly colored butterfly
subtype: purple_emperor__Apatura_iris large European butterfly the male of which has wings shaded with purple
subtype: peacock_butterfly__peacockbutterfly__peacock__Inachis_io European butterfly having reddish-brown wings each marked with a purple eyespot
subtype: danaid_butterfly__danaid large tropical butterfly with degenerate forelegs and an unpleasant taste
subtype: monarch_butterfly__monarchbutterfly__monarch__milkweed_butterfly__Danaus_plexippus large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed
subtype: pierid_butterfly__pierid any of numerous pale-colored butterflies having three pairs of well-developed legs
subtype: cabbage_butterfly__cabbagebutterfly white butterfly whose larvae (cabbageworms) feed on cabbage
subtype: small_white__Pieris_rapae small widely distributed form
subtype: large_white__Pieris_brassicae Old World form
subtype: southern_cabbage_butterfly__Pieris_protodice common North American form
subtype: sulphur_butterfly__sulphurbutterfly__sulfur_butterfly any of numerous yellow or orange butterflies
subtype: lycaenid_butterfly__lycaenid any of various butterflies of the family Lycaenidae
subtype: blue_butterfly__blue any of numerous small chiefly blue butterflies of the family Lycaenidae
subtype: copper any of various small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae having copper colored wings
subtype: American_copper__Lycaena_hypophlaeas common copper butterfly of central and eastern North America
subtype: hairstreak_butterfly__hairstreak small butterflies having striped markings under the wings
subtype: Strymon_melinus larvae are pests of various economic plants
subtype: moth typically crepuscular or nocturnal insect having a stout body and feathery or hairlike antennae
subtype: moth_miller__miller any of various moths that have powdery wings
subtype: tortricid_moth__tortricidmoth__tortricid any of numerous small moths having lightly fringed wings; larvae are leafrollers or live in fruits and galls
subtype: leaf_roller__leafroller moth whose larvae form nests by rolling and tying leaves with spun silk
subtype: tea_tortrix__teatortrix__tortrix__Homona_coffearia small Indian moth infesting e.g. tea and coffee plants
subtype: orange_tortrix__tortrix__Argyrotaenia_citrana California moth whose larvae live in especially oranges
subtype: codling_moth__codlingmoth__Carpocapsa_pomonella small moth whose larvae live in apples and English walnuts
subtype: lymantriid__tussock_moth__tussockmoth dull-colored moth whose larvae have tufts of hair on the body and feed on the leaves of many deciduous trees
subtype: gypsy_moth__gypsymoth__gipsy_moth__gipsymoth__Lymantria_dispar European moth introduced into North America; a serious pest of shade trees
subtype: browntail__brown-tail_moth__Euproctis_phaeorrhoea small brown and white European moth introduced into eastern United States; pest of various shade and fruit trees
subtype: gold-tail_moth__Euproctis_chrysorrhoea white furry-bodied European moth with a yellow tail tuft
subtype: geometrid_moth__geometridmoth__geometrid slender-bodied broad-winged moth whose larvae are called measuring worms
subtype: Paleacrita_vernata moth whose larvae are spring cankerworms
subtype: Alsophila_pometaria North American moth with gray-winged males and wingless females; larvae are fall cankerworms
subtype: pyralid_moth__pyralidmoth__pyralid usually tropical slender-bodied long-legged moth whose larvae are crop pests
subtype: bee_moth__beemoth__wax_moth__waxmoth__Galleria_mellonella moth whose larvae live in and feed on bee honeycombs
subtype: European_corn_borer__corn_borer__corn_borer_moth__Pyrausta_nubilalis native to Europe; in America the larvae bore into the stem and crown of corn and other plants
subtype: Mediterranean_flour_moth__Anagasta_kuehniella small moth whose larvae damage stored grain and flour
subtype: tobacco_moth__tobaccomoth__cacao_moth__cacaomoth__Ephestia_elutella small moth whose larvae feed on tobacco and other dried plant products
subtype: almond_moth__fig_moth__figmoth__Cadra_cautella moth whose larvae feed on and mat together with webbing various stored foods
subtype: raisin_moth__Cadra_figulilella moth whose larvae attack dried fruits and cereal products
subtype: tineoid_moth__tineoidmoth small dull-colored moth with chewing mouthparts
subtype: tineid_moth__tineid small yellowish moths whose larvae feed on wool or fur
subtype: clothes_moth__clothesmoth any of several small yellowish or buff-colored moths whose larvae eat organic matter e.g. woolens
subtype: casemaking_clothes_moth__Tinea_pellionella the larvae live in tubes of its food material fastened with silk that it spins
subtype: webbing_clothes_moth__webbingclothesmoth__webbing_moth__webbingmoth__Tineola_bisselliella moth that forms a web in which it lives
subtype: carpet_moth__tapestry_moth__Trichophaga_tapetzella larvae feed on carpets and other woolens
subtype: gracilariid_moth__gracilariidmoth__gracilariid small dull or metallic-colored tineoid moths whose larvae mine in plant leaves
subtype: gelechiid_moth__gelechiidmoth__gelechiid small slender-winged moths whose larvae are agricultural pests
subtype: Gelechia_gossypiella small brown moth whose larvae bore into flowers and bolls of cotton
subtype: grain_moth__grainmoth moth whose larvae feed on grain
subtype: angoumois_moth__angoumoismoth__angoumois_grain_moth__angoumoisgrainmoth__Sitotroga_cerealella small moth whose larvae feed on kernels of stored grains
subtype: potato_moth__potato_tuber_moth__splitworm__Phthorimaea_operculella grayish-brown moth whose larva is the potato tuberworm
subtype: noctuid_moth__noctuidmoth__noctuid__owlet_moth__owletmoth usually dull-colored medium-sized nocturnal moth; the usually smooth-bodied larvae are destructive agricultural pests
subtype: underwing moth having dull forewings and brightly colored hind wings
subtype: red_underwing__redunderwing__Catocala_nupta moth having dull forewings and red-marked hind wings
subtype: antler_moth__Cerapteryx_graminis European moth with white antler-like markings on the forewings; the larvae damage pastures and grasslands
subtype: heliothis_moth__heliothismoth__Heliothis_zia medium-sized moth whose larvae are corn earworms
subtype: army_cutworm__Chorizagrotis_auxiliaris moth whose larvae destroy grains and forage plants
subtype: Pseudaletia_unipuncta__armyworm moth whose destructive larvae travel in multitudes
subtype: Spodoptera_exigua moth whose larvae are beet armyworms
subtype: Spodoptera_frugiperda moth whose larvae are fall armyworms
subtype: hawkmoth__hawk_moth__sphingid__sphinx_moth__hummingbird_moth__hummingbirdmoth any of various moths with long narrow forewings capable of powerful flight and hovering over flowers to feed
subtype: Manduca_sexta moth whose larvae are tobacco hornworms
subtype: Manduca_quinquemaculata moth whose larvae are tomato hornworms
subtype: death's-head_moth__Acherontia_atropos European hawkmoth with markings on the back resembling a human skull
subtype: bombycid_moth__bombycid__silkworm_moth moderate-sized Asiatic moth whose larvae feed on mulberry leaves and produce silk
subtype: domestic_silkworm_moth__Bombyx_mori stocky creamy-white Asiatic moth found almost entirely under human care; the source of most of the silk of commerce
subtype: saturniid_moth__saturniidmoth__saturniid large brightly colored and usually tropical moth; larvae spin silken cocoons
subtype: emperor_moth__emperormoth__emperor__Saturnia_pavonia large moth of temperate forests of Eurasia having heavily scaled transparent wings
subtype: imperial_moth__Eacles_imperialis large American moth having yellow wings with purplish or brownish markings; larvae feed on e.g. maple and pine trees
subtype: giant_silkworm_moth__silkworm_moth any silkworm moth of the family Saturniidae
subtype: cynthia_moth__cynthiamoth__Samia_cynthia__Samia_walkeri large Asiatic moth introduced into the United States; larvae feed on the ailanthus
subtype: atlas_moth__atlasmoth__Atticus_atlas giant saturniid moth widespread in Asia; sometimes cultured for silk
subtype: luna_moth__Luna_moth__Actias_luna large pale-green American moth with long-tailed hind wings and a yellow crescent-shaped mark on each fore wing
subtype: Hyalophora_cecropia__cecropia__cecropia_moth North American silkworm moth; larvae feed on the leaves of forest trees
subtype: io_moth__Automeris_io large yellow American moth having a large eyelike spot on each hind wing; the larvae have stinging spines
subtype: polyphemus_moth__Antheraea_polyphemus very large yellowish-brown American silkworm moth with large eyespots on hind wings; larvae feed on fruit and shade trees
subtype: pernyi_moth__Antheraea_pernyi a Chinese moth that produces a brownish silk
subtype: tussah__tusseh__tussur__tussore__tusser__Antheraea_mylitta oriental moth that produces brownish silk
subtype: arctiid_moth__arctiidmoth__arctiid stout-bodied broad-winged moth with conspicuously striped or spotted wings; larvae are hairy caterpillars
subtype: tiger_moth__tigermoth medium-sized moth with long richly colored and intricately patterned wings; larvae are called woolly bears
subtype: cinnabar_moth__cinnabar__Callimorpha_jacobeae large red-and-black European moth; larvae feed on leaves of ragwort; introduced into United States to control ragwort
subtype: lasiocampid_moth__lasiocampidmoth__lasiocampid medium-sized stout-bodied neutral-colored moths comb-like antennae
subtype: eggar__egger moth having nonfunctional mouthparts as adults; larvae feed on tree foliage and spin egg-shaped cocoons
subtype: tent-caterpillar_moth__Malacosoma_disstria moth whose gregarious larvae spin carpets
subtype: lappet_moth__lappet medium-sized hairy moths; larvae are lappet caterpillars
subtype: webworm_moth__webwormmoth a variety of moth that spins a web in which it lives
subtype: Hyphantria_cunea moth whose larvae are fall webworms
subtype: Loxostege_similalis moth whose larvae are garden webworms
subtype: Malacosoma_americana__tent-caterpillar_moth moth whose larvae are tent caterpillars
subtype: pupa an insect in the inactive stage of development (when it is not feeding) intermediate between larva and adult
subtype: chrysalis__chrysali pupa of a moth or butterfly enclosed in a cocoon
subtype: imago an adult insect produced after metamorphosis
subtype: queen.insect the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs
subtype: queen_bee__queenbee fertile egg-laying female bee
subtype: instar an insect or other arthropod between molts
subtype: zoophyte any of various invertebrate animals resembling a plant such as a sea anemone or coral or sponge
subtype: poriferan__sponge__parazoan primitive multicellular marine animal whose porous body is supported by a fibrous skeletal framework; usually occurs in sessile colonies
subtype: glass_sponge__glasssponge a siliceous sponge (with glassy spicules) of the class Hyalospongiae
subtype: Venus's_flower_basket deep-water marine sponge having a cylindrical skeleton of intricate glassy latticework; East Indian and East Asian coast
subtype: coelenterate__cnidarian radially symmetrical animals having saclike bodies with only one opening and tentacles with stinging structures; they occur in polyp and medusa forms
subtype: polyp one of two forms that coelenterates take e.g. a hydra or coral: usually sedentary and has a hollow cylindrical body usually with a ring of tentacles around the mouth
subtype: medusa one of two forms that coelenterates take: is the free-swimming sexual stage in the life cycle of a coelenterate and has a gelatinous umbrella-shaped body and tentacles
subtype: jellyfish__medusa__medusan any of numerous usually marine and free-swimming coelenterates that constitute the sexually reproductive forms of hydrozoans and scyphozoans
subtype: Aegina small medusa
subtype: Chrysaora_quinquecirrha a type of jellyfish
subtype: scyphozoan any of various usually free-swimming marine coelenterates having a gelatinous medusoid stage as the dominant phase of its life cycle
subtype: hydrozoan__hydroid colonial coelenterates having the polyp phase dominant
subtype: hydra small tubular solitary freshwater hydrozoan polyp
subtype: siphonophore a floating or swimming oceanic colony of polyps often transparent or showily colored
subtype: nanomia small creatures resembling pieces of fuzzy rope; each with a cluster of swimming bells serving as the head and long elastic tentacles for drawing in prey
subtype: Portuguese_man-of-war__man-of-war__jellyfish large siphonophore having a bladderlike float and stinging tentacles
subtype: praya colonial siphonophore of up to 130 ft long
subtype: apolemia large siphonophore of up to 50 ft long
subtype: sertularian feathery colony of long-branched stems bearing stalkless paired polyps
subtype: anthozoan__actinozoan sessile marine coelenterates including solitary and colonial polyps; the medusoid phase is entirely suppressed
subtype: sea_anemone__seaanemone marine polyps that resemble flowers but have oral rings of tentacles; differ from corals in forming no hard skeleton
subtype: actinia__actinian__actiniarian any sea anemone or related animal
subtype: sea_pen__seapen fleshy featherlike warm-water colonies
subtype: coral.anthozoan marine colonial polyp characterized by a calcareous skeleton; masses in a variety of shapes often forming reefs
subtype: gorgonian_coral__gorgoniancoral__gorgonian corals having a horny of calcareous branching skeleton
subtype: sea_feather__seafeather corals forming featherlike colonies
subtype: sea_fan__seafan corals having a treelike or fan-shaped horny skeleton
subtype: red_coral__redcoral corals of especially the Mediterranean having pink or red color used for ornaments and jewelry
subtype: stony_coral__stonycoral__madrepore__madriporian_coral__madriporiancoral corals having calcareous skeletons aggregations of which form reefs and islands
subtype: brain_coral__braincoral massive reef-building coral having a convoluted and furrowed surface
subtype: staghorn_coral__stag's-horn_coral large branching coral resembling antlers
subtype: mushroom_coral flattened disk-shaped stony coral usually solitary
subtype: ctenophore__comb_jelly biradially symmetrical hermaphroditic solitary marine animals resembling jellyfishes having for locomotion eight rows of cilia arranged like teeth in a comb
subtype: beroe delicately iridescent thimble-shaped ctenophores
subtype: platyctenean ctenophore have long tentacles and flattened body
subtype: sea_gooseberry__seagooseberry ctenophore having a rounded body with longitudinal rows of cilia
subtype: Venus's_girdle__Cestum_veneris ctenophore having a ribbon-shaped iridescent gelatinous body
subtype: worm any of numerous relatively small elongated soft-bodied animals especially of the phyla Annelida and Chaetognatha and Nematoda and Nemertea and Platyhelminthes; also many insect larvae
subtype: helminth__parasitic_worm__parasiticworm worm that is parasitic on the intestines of vertebrates especially roundworms and tapeworms and flukes
subtype: woodworm a larva of a woodborer
subtype: acanthocephalan__spiny-headed_worm any of various worms living parasitically in intestines of vertebrates having a retractile proboscis covered with many hooked spines
subtype: arrowworm__chaetognath any worm of the Chaetognatha; transparent marine worm with horizontal lateral and caudal fins and a row of movable curved spines at each side of the mouth
subtype: sagitta any arrowworm of the genus Sagitta
subtype: flatworm__platyhelminth parasitic or free-living worms having a flattened body
subtype: planarian__planaria free-swimming mostly freshwater flatworms; popular in laboratory studies for the ability to regenerate lost parts
subtype: trematode__trematode_worm__trematodeworm parasitic flatworms having external suckers for attaching to a host
subtype: liver_fluke__liverfluke__Fasciola_hepatica flatworm parasitic in liver and bile ducts of domestic animals and humans
subtype: Fasciolopsis_buski fluke that is parasitic on humans and swine; common in eastern Asia
subtype: schistosome__blood_fluke__bloodfluke flatworms parasitic in the blood vessels of mammals
subtype: tapeworm__cestode ribbon-like flatworms that are parasitic in the intestines of humans and other vertebrates
subtype: echinococcus tapeworms whose larvae are parasitic in humans and domestic animals
subtype: taenia tapeworms parasitic in humans which uses the pig as its intermediate host
subtype: ribbon_worm__nemertean__nemertine__proboscis_worm__proboscisworm soft unsegmented marine worms having a threadlike proboscis and the ability to stretch and contract
subtype: beard_worm__beardworm__pogonophoran slender animal with tentacles and a tubelike outer covering; lives on the deep ocean bottom
subtype: nematode_worm__nematode__roundworm unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends; mostly free-living but some are parasitic
subtype: common_roundworm__Ascaris_lumbricoides intestinal parasite of humans and pigs
subtype: chicken_roundworm__chickenroundworm__Ascaridia_galli intestinal parasite of domestic fowl
subtype: pinworm__threadworm__Enterobius_vermicularis small threadlike worm infesting human intestines and rectum especially in children
subtype: eelworm any of various small free-living plant-parasitic roundworms
subtype: vinegar_eel__vinegareel__vinegar_worm__vinegarworm__Anguillula_aceti__Turbatrix_aceti minute eelworm that feeds on organisms that cause fermentation in e.g. vinegar
subtype: wheatworm__wheat_eel__wheateel__wheat_eelworm__wheateelworm__Tylenchus_tritici small roundworm parasitic on wheat
subtype: trichina__Trichinella_spiralis parasitic nematode occurring in the intestines of pigs and rats and human beings and producing larvae that form cysts in skeletal muscles
subtype: hookworm parasitic blood-sucking roundworms having hooked mouth parts to fasten to the intestinal wall of human and other hosts
subtype: filaria slender threadlike roundworms living in the blood and tissues of vertebrates; transmitted as larvae by biting insects
subtype: Guinea_worm__Dracunculus_medinensis parasitic roundworm of India and Africa that lives beneath the skin of man and other vertebrates
subtype: annelid_worm__annelidworm__segmented_worm__segmentedworm worms with cylindrical bodies segmented both internally and externally
subtype: archiannelid small primitive marine worm lacking external segmentation and resembling polychaete larvae
subtype: oligochaete_worm__oligochaeteworm__oligochaete hermaphroditic terrestrial and aquatic annelids having bristles borne singly along the length of the body
subtype: earthworm__angleworm__fishworm__fishing_worm__fishingworm__wiggler__nightwalker__nightcrawler__crawler__dew_worm__dewworm__red_worm__redworm terrestrial worm that burrows into and helps aerate soil; often surfaces when the ground is cool or wet; used as bait by anglers
subtype: polychaete_worm__polychaete__polychete__polychete_worm__polycheteworm chiefly marine annelids possessing both sexes and having paired appendages (parapodia) bearing bristles
subtype: lugworm__lug__lobworm marine worms having a row of tufted gills along each side of the back; often used for fishing bait
subtype: sea_mouse__seamouse any of several large worms having a broad flattened body with a mat of coarse hairs covering the back
subtype: bloodworm a segmented marine worm with bright red body; often used for bait
subtype: bloodsucker__leech__hirudinean carnivorous or bloodsucking aquatic or terrestrial worms typically having a sucker at each end
subtype: medicinal_leech__medicinalleech__Hirudo_medicinalis large European freshwater leech formerly used for bloodletting
subtype: horseleech any of several large freshwater leeches
subtype: woodborer__borer any of various insects or larvae or mollusks that bore into wood
subtype: rotifer minute aquatic multicellular organisms having a ciliated wheel-like organ for feeding and locomotion; constituents of freshwater plankton
subtype: mollusk__mollusc__shellfish invertebrate having a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a shell
subtype: scaphopod burrowing marine mollusk
subtype: tooth_shell__toothshell__tusk_shell any of various seashore mollusks having a tapering tubular shell open at each end and a foot pointed like a spade for burrowing
subtype: gastropod__univalve a class of mollusks typically having a one-piece coiled shell and flattened muscular foot with a head bearing stalked eyes
subtype: abalone__ear-shell__earshell any of various large edible marine gastropods of the genus Haliotis having an ear-shaped shell with pearly interior
subtype: ormer__sea-ear__seaear__Haliotis_tuberculata found near the Channel Islands
subtype: conch any of various edible tropical marine gastropods of the genus Strombus having a brightly-colored spiral shell with large outer lip
subtype: giant_conch__giantconch__Strombus_gigas a large variety of conch
subtype: snail freshwater or marine or terrestrial gastropod mollusk usually having an external enclosing spiral shell
subtype: scorpion_shell any of numerous tropical marine snails that as adults have the outer lip of the aperture produced into a series of long curved spines
subtype: edible_snail__Helix_pomatia one of the chief edible snails
subtype: garden_snail any of several inedible snails of the genus Helix; often destructive pests
subtype: brown_snail__brownsnail__Helix_aspersa serious garden pest having a brown shell with paler zigzag markings; nearly cosmopolitan
subtype: Helix_hortensis a kind of garden snail
subtype: slug any of various terrestrial gastropods having an elongated slimy body and no external shell
subtype: seasnail any of several creeping marine gastropods with a spirally coiled shell: whelks; tritons; moonshells; neritids
subtype: neritid_gastropod__neritidgastropod__neritid operculate seasnail of coastal waters with a short spiral shell
subtype: nerita having short a smooth or spirally ridged shell with thick usually toothed outer lip and toothed operculum
subtype: bleeding_tooth__Nerita_peloronta gastropod having reddish toothlike projections around the shell opening; of the Caribbean area
subtype: neritina ornately marked and brightly colored snails of brackish waters
subtype: whelk large carnivorous marine gastropods of coastal waters and intertidal regions having a strong snail-like shell
subtype: triton tropical marine gastropods having beautifully colored spiral shells
subtype: moonshell marine gastropods having smooth rounded shells that form short spires
subtype: periwinkle.seasnail__winkle edible marine gastropod
subtype: limpet any of various usually marine gastropods with low conical shells; found clinging to rocks in littoral areas
subtype: common_limpet__Patella_vulgata marine limpet
subtype: keyhole_limpet__keyholelimpet__Fissurella_apertura__Diodora_apertura marine limpet having a conical shell with an opening at the apex
subtype: river_limpet__riverlimpet__freshwater_limpet__Ancylus_fluviatilis minute conical gastropod superficially resembling a limpet but living and feeding on freshwater plants
subtype: sea_slug__seaslug any of various marine gastropods of the suborder Nudibranchia having a shell-less and often beautifully colored body
subtype: Hermissenda_crassicornis a kind of sea slug
subtype: sea_hare__seahare__Aplysia_punctata naked marine gastropod having a soft body with reduced internal shell and two pairs of ear-like tentacles
subtype: bubble_shell marine gastropod mollusk having a very small thin shell
subtype: physa any member of the genus Physa
subtype: cowrie__cowry any of numerous tropical marine gastropods of the genus Cypraea having highly polished usually brightly marked shells
subtype: money_cowrie__moneycowrie__Cypraea_moneta cowrie whose shell is used for money in parts of South Pacific and Africa
subtype: tiger_cowrie__tigercowrie__Cypraea_tigris cowrie whose shell is used for ornament
subtype: solenogaster__aplacophoran deep-water wormlike mollusks lacking calcareous plates on the body but having fine slimy spicules on the covering mantle
subtype: coat-of-mail_shell__chiton__sea_cradle__seacradle__polyplacophore primitive elongated bilaterally symmetrical marine mollusk having a mantle covered with eight calcareous plates
subtype: bivalve__lamellibranch marine or freshwater mollusks having a soft body with platelike gills enclosed within two shells hinged together
subtype: clam burrowing marine mollusk living on sand or mud
subtype: Mya_arenaria__soft-shell_clam__steamer__steamerclam__long-neck_clam an edible clam with thin oval-shaped shell found in coastal regions of the United States and Europe
subtype: Venus_mercenaria__quahog__quahaug__hard-shell_clam__round_clam__roundclam__Mercenaria_mercenaria an edible American clam
subtype: littleneck_clam__littleneck a young quahog suitable to be eaten raw
subtype: cherrystone_clam__cherrystoneclam__cherrystone a half-grown quahog
subtype: geoduck a large edible clam found burrowing deeply in sandy mud along the Pacific coast of North America; weighs up to six pounds; has siphons that can extend to several feet and cannot be withdrawn into the shell
subtype: razor_clam__razorclam__jackknife_clam__jackknifeclam__knife-handle__knifehandle marine clam having a long narrow curved thin shell
subtype: giant_clam__giantclam__Tridacna_gigas giant clam inhabiting reefs in the South Pacific weighing up to 500' pounds
subtype: shipworm__teredinid wormlike marine bivalve that bores into wooden piers and ships by means of drill-like shells
subtype: teredo typical shipworm
subtype: giant_northwest_shipworm__giantnorthwestshipworm__Bankia_setaceae giant shipworm of the Pacific coast of North America
subtype: cockle common edible European bivalve mollusk having a rounded shell with radiating ribs
subtype: edible_cockle__Cardium_edule common edible European cockle
subtype: oyster marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters
subtype: seed_oyster a young oyster especially of a size for transplantation
subtype: bluepoint__blue_point small edible oyster typically from the south shore of Long Island
subtype: Japanese_oyster__Ostrea_gigas large native of Japan introduced along United States Pacific coast; candidate for introduction in Chesapeake Bay
subtype: Virginia_oyster common edible oyster of Atlantic coast of North America
subtype: pearl_oyster__pearloyster__Pinctada_margaritifera tropical marine bivalve found chiefly off eastern Asia and Pacific coast of North and Central America; a major source of pearls
subtype: saddle_oyster__Anomia_ephippium thin-shelled bivalve having the right valve deeply notched
subtype: window_oyster__windowpane_oyster__capiz__Placuna_placenta marine bivalve common in Philippine coastal waters characterized by a large thin flat translucent shell
subtype: ark_shell__arkshell marine bivalve mollusk having a heavy toothed shell with a deep boat-like inner surface
subtype: blood_clam__bloodclam red-blooded clam
subtype: mussel marine or freshwater bivalve mollusk that lives attached to rocks etc.
subtype: marine_mussel__mytilid marine bivalve mollusk having a dark elongated shell; live attached to solid objects especially in intertidal zones
subtype: edible_mussel__Mytilus_edulis dark-shelled edible mussel that lives attached to rocks
subtype: freshwater_mussel__freshwater_clam bivalve mollusk abundant in rivers of central United States
subtype: pearly-shelled_mussel the pearly lining of the dark shells is a source of mother-of-pearl
subtype: thin-shelled_mussel mussel with thin fragile shells having only rudimentary hinge teeth
subtype: zebra_mussel__zebramussel__Dreissena_polymorpha inch-long mollusk imported accidentally from Europe; clogs utility inlet pipes and feeds on edible freshwater mussels
subtype: scallop__scollop__escallop edible marine bivalve having a fluted fan-shaped shell that swim by expelling water from the shell in a series of snapping motions
subtype: Pecten_irradians__bay_scallop small scallop inhabiting shallow waters and mud flats of the North American Atlantic coast
subtype: giant_scallop__giantscallop__sea_scallop__seascallop__Pecten_magellanicus large scallop inhabiting deep waters of the North American Atlantic coast
subtype: piddock marine bivalve that bores into rock or clay or wood by means of saw-like shells
subtype: cephalopod_mollusk__cephalopod marine mollusk characterized by well-developed head and eyes and sucker-bearing tentacles
subtype: chambered_nautilus__pearly_nautilus__nautilus cephalopod of the Indian and Pacific oceans having a spiral shell with pale pearly partitions
subtype: dibranchiate_mollusk__dibranchiate__dibranch cephalopods having two gills
subtype: octopod eight-armed cephalopod lacking an internal shell
subtype: devilfish__octopus__octopu bottom-living cephalopod having a soft oval body with eight long tentacles
subtype: paper_nautilus__nautilus__Argonauta_argo cephalopod mollusk of warm seas whose females have delicate papery spiral shells
subtype: decapod cephalopods having eight short tentacles plus two long ones
subtype: squid widely distributed fast-moving ten-armed cephalopod mollusk having a long tapered body with triangular tail fins
subtype: loligo somewhat flattened cylindrical squid
subtype: ommastrephes extremely active cylindrical squid with short strong arms and large rhombic terminal fins
subtype: architeuthis__giant_squid__giantsquid largest mollusk known about but never seen (to 60 feet long)
subtype: cuttlefish__cuttle ten-armed oval-bodied cephalopod with narrow fins as long as the body and a large calcareous internal shell
subtype: spirula__Spirula_peronii a small tropical cephalopod of the genus Spirula having prominent eyes and short arms and a many-chambered shell coiled in a flat spiral
subtype: phoronid hermaphrodite wormlike animal living in mud of the sea bottom
subtype: bryozoan__polyzoan__sea_mat__sea_moss__moss_animal sessile aquatic animal forming mosslike colonies of small polyps each having a curved or circular ridge bearing tentacles; attach to stones or seaweed and reproduce by budding
subtype: ectoproct sessile mosslike aquatic animal having the anus of the polyp outside the crown of tentacles
subtype: entoproct any of various mosslike aquatic animals usually forming branching colonies; each polyp having a both mouth and anus within a closed ring of tentacles
subtype: Symbion_pandora only known species of Cycliophora; lives symbiotically attached to a lobster's lip by an adhesive disk and feeding by means of a hairy mouth ring; its complex life cycle includes asexual and sexual phases
subtype: brachiopod__lamp_shell marine animal with bivalve shell having a pair of arms bearing tentacles for capturing food; found worldwide
subtype: peanut_worm__sipunculid small unsegmented marine worm that when disturbed retracts its anterior portion into the body giving the appearance of a peanut
subtype: echinoderm marine invertebrates with tube feet and calcite-covered five-part radially symmetrical bodies
subtype: starfish__sea_star__seastar echinoderms characterized by five arms extending from a central disk
subtype: brittle_star__brittlestar__serpent_star__serpentstar an animal resembling a starfish with fragile whiplike arms radiating from a small central disc
subtype: basket_star__basket_fish any starfish-like animal of the genera Euryale or Astrophyton or Gorgonocephalus having slender complexly branched interlacing arms radiating from a central disc
subtype: Astrophyton_muricatum a variety of basket star
subtype: sea_urchin__seaurchin shallow-water echinoderms having soft bodies enclosed in thin spiny globular shells
subtype: edible_sea_urchin__Echinus_esculentus a sea urchin that can be eaten
subtype: sand_dollar flattened disklike sea urchins that live on sandy bottoms
subtype: heart_urchin__hearturchin sea urchin having a heart-shaped body in a rigid spiny shell
subtype: crinoid primitive echinoderms having five or more feathery arms radiating from a central disk
subtype: sea_lily__sealily crinoid with delicate radiating arms and a stalked body attached to a hard surface
subtype: feather_star__featherstar__comatulid free-swimming stalkless crinoid with ten feathery arms; found on muddy sea bottoms
subtype: sea_cucumber__seacucumber__holothurian echinoderm having a flexible sausage-shaped body, tentacles surrounding the mouth and tube feet; free-living mud feeders: sea cucumbers
subtype: trepang__Holothuria_edulis of warm coasts from Australia to Asia; used as food especially by Chinese
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