#subject_matter__subjectmatter__message__content__substance  what a communication that is about something is about
  supertype:  description_content (pm)  social_relation
  subtype:  body.subject_matter  the central message of a communication; "the body of the message was short"
  subtype:  corker.subject_matter  (slang) a remarkable or astounding message; "that story was a corker"
  subtype:  reminder.subject_matter  a message that helps you remember something; "he ignored his wife's reminders"
     subtype:  phylactery  (Judaism) a small leather case containing religious texts; worn by Jewish men during morning prayer
  subtype:  request__petition  a formal message requesting something submitted to an authority
     subtype:  application.request  a verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school; "December 31 is the deadline for applications"
        subtype:  job_application__jobapplication  an application for a job
        subtype:  credit_application  an application for a line of credit
        subtype:  loan_application  an application to borrow money
           subtype:  mortgage_application  an application for a mortgage loan
        subtype:  patent_application  an application for sole rights to an invention
     subtype:  ingathering__solicitation__appeal__collection  request for a sum of money; "an appeal to raise money for starving children"
        subtype:  whip-round  (British) solicitation of money usually for a benevolent purpose
     subtype:  demand.request  an urgent or peremptory request; "his demands for attention were unceasing"
        subtype:  challenge.demand  a demand by a sentry for a password or identification
        subtype:  ultimatum  a final peremptory demand
        subtype:  insisting__insistence  continual and persistent demands
        subtype:  duty_call__call__claim  a demand especially in the phrase "the call of duty"
        subtype:  requisition  the act of requiring; an authoritative request or demand (especially by a military or public authority that takes something over (usually temporarily) for military or public use)
        subtype:  card_call__call  a demand for a show of hands in a card game; "after two raises there was a call"
        subtype:  margin_call__call  a demand by a broker that a customer deposit enough to bring his margin up to the minimum requirement
        subtype:  wage_claim__pay_claim__payclaim  the wage demanded from management for workers by their union representatives
  subtype:  memorial  a written statement of facts submitted in conjunction with a petition to a an authority
  subtype:  latent_content  (psychoanalysis) hidden meaning of a fantasy or dream
  subtype:  subject__topic__theme  the subject matter of a conversation or discussion; "he didn't want to discuss that subject"; "it was a very sensitive topic"; "his letters were always on the theme of love"
     subtype:  precedent  a subject mentioned earlier (preceding in time)
     subtype:  question.subject__head  the subject matter at issue; "the question of disease merits serious discussion"; "under the head of minor Roman poets"
        subtype:  problem  a question raised for consideration or solution; "our homework consisted of ten problems to solve"
           subtype:  puzzler__puzzle__mystifier  a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution; "he loved to solve chessmate puzzles"; "that's a real puzzler"
           subtype:  case.problem  a problem requiring investigation; "Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir"
           subtype:  homework_problem  a problem that students are assigned to do outside of class
           subtype:  conundrum__riddle__enigma__brain-teaser__brainteaser  a difficult problem
           subtype:  stumper__toughie__sticker  a particularly difficult or baffling question or problem
           subtype:  Gordian_knot.problem__gordianknot  any very difficult problem; insoluble in its own terms
           subtype:  crossword_puzzle__crosswordpuzzle  a puzzle in which words corresponding to numbered clues are to be found and written in to squares in the puzzle
           subtype:  word_square__acrostic  a puzzle where you fill a square grid with words reading the same down as across
           subtype:  pons_asinorum  a problem that severely tests the ability of an inexperienced person
           subtype:  rebus__rebu  a puzzle where you decode a message consisting of pictures representing syllables and words
        subtype:  question_of_fact__matter_of_fact  a disputed factual contention that is generally left for a jury to decide
        subtype:  question_of_law__matter_of_law  a disputed legal contention that is generally left for a judge to decide
     subtype:  keynote.subject  the principal theme in a speech or literary work
  subtype:  digression__aside__excursus__divagation__parenthesis__parenthesi  a message that departs from the main subject
  subtype:  signification__meaning__significance__import  the message that is intended or expressed
     subtype:  lexical_meaning__lexicalmeaning  the meaning of a word that depends on the nonlinguistic concepts it is used to express
     subtype:  grammatical_meaning__grammaticalmeaning  the meaning of a word that depends on its role in a sentence; varies with inflectional form
     subtype:  symbolization__symbolisation  the use of symbols to convey meaning
     subtype:  signified__sense  the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted; "the dictionary gave several senses for the word"; "in the best sense charity is really a duty"; "the signifier is linked to the signified"
        subtype:  word_meaning__word_sense__acceptation  the meaning of a word
     subtype:  intension__connotation  what you must know in order to determine the reference of an expression
     subtype:  referent  something referred to; the object of a reference
        subtype:  antecedent.referent  the referent of an anaphor; a phrase or clause that is referred to by an anaphoric pronoun
        subtype:  denotatum  a actual object referred to by a linguistic expression
        subtype:  designatum  something (whether existing or not) that is referred to by a linguistic expression
     subtype:  gist__effect__essence__core  the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work
     subtype:  intent__purport__spirit  the intended meaning of a communication
     subtype:  moral__lesson  the significance of a story or event; "the moral of the story is to love thy neighbor"
     subtype:  nuance__nicety__shade__subtlety__refinement  a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude
     subtype:  overtone  (usually plural) an ulterior implicit meaning or quality; "overtones of despair"
     subtype:  point.signification  a brief version of the essential meaning of something; "get to the point"; "he missed the point of the joke"; "life has lost its point"
        subtype:  bottom_line  the decisive point
        subtype:  crux_of_the_matter__crux  the most important point
           subtype:  alpha_and_omega__alphaandomega  the basic meaning of something; the crucial part
        subtype:  rallying_point  a point or principle on which scattered or opposing groups can come together
        subtype:  talking_point__talkingpoint  an especially persuasive point helping to support an argument or discussion
  subtype:  nonsense__nonsensicality__meaninglessness__meaninglessnes  a message that seems to convey no meaning
     subtype:  absurdity__absurdness__ridiculousness  a message whose content is at variance with reason
     subtype:  amphigory__nonsense_verse  nonsensical writing (usually verse)
     subtype:  balderdash__fiddle-faddle__piffle  trivial nonsense
     subtype:  buzzword__cant  stock phrases that have become nonsense through endless repetition
     subtype:  fa_la__fal_la__falla  meaningless syllables in the refrain of a part-song
     subtype:  gibberish__gibber  unintelligible talking
        subtype:  abracadabra  gibberish and nonsense
        subtype:  babble__babbling__lallation  gibberish resembling the sounds of a baby
        subtype:  blather__blatherskite  foolish gibberish
        subtype:  double_Dutch  (colloquial British) incomprehensible talk
        subtype:  double_talk  deliberately unintelligible gibberish
        subtype:  jabber__jabbering__gabble  rapid and indistinct speech
        subtype:  mumbo_jumbo  language that is unnecessarily difficult to understand
     subtype:  incoherency__unintelligibility  nonsense that is simply incoherent and unintelligible
        subtype:  word_salad  jumble of incoherent speech as sometimes heard in schizophrenia
     subtype:  jabberwocky  nonsensical language (according to Lewis Carroll)
     subtype:  mummery__flummery  meaningless ceremonies and flattery
     subtype:  hot_air__hotair__palaver__empty_words__emptyword__empty_talk__emptytalk__rhetoric  loud and confused and empty talk; "mere rhetoric"
     subtype:  rigamarole__rigmarole  a set of confused and meaningless statements
     subtype:  stuff_and_nonsense__stuffandnonsense__stuff__hooey__poppycock  senseless talk; "don't give me that stuff"
     subtype:  baloney__boloney__bilgewater__bosh__drool__humbug__taradiddle__tarradiddle__tommyrot__tosh__twaddle  pretentious or silly talk or writing
  subtype:  drivel  a worthless message
     subtype:  bullshit__bull__Irish_bull__horseshit__shit__crap__bunk__bunkum__buncombe__guff__rot__hogwash__dogshit  a ludicrously false statement
     subtype:  chickenshit  a false statement that is considered to indicate timidity or fear
     subtype:  folderol__rubbish__tripe__trumpery__trash__wishwash__applesauce__codswallop  nonsensical talk or writing
     subtype:  pap  worthless or oversimplified ideas
  subtype:  acknowledgment__acknowledgement  a statement acknowledging something or someone
     subtype:  receipt  an acknowledgment (usually tangible) that payment has been made
        subtype:  ticket_stub__stub  a torn part of a ticket returned to the holder as a receipt
           subtype:  rain_check.ticket_stub__raincheck  a ticket stub entitling the holder to admission to a future event if the scheduled event was cancelled due to rain
        subtype:  bill_of_lading__waybill  a receipt from the carrier for the goods being shipped
        subtype:  pawn_ticket  a pawnbroker's receipt for articles taken as security
     subtype:  word_of_farewell__farewell  an acknowledgment or expression of goodwill at parting
        subtype:  adieu__adios__adio__arrivederci__auf_wiedersehen__aufwiedersehen__au_revoir__bye__bye-bye__byebye__cheerio__good-by__goodby__good-bye__goodbye__good_day__sayonara__so_long  a farewell remark; "they said their good-byes"
        subtype:  bon_voyage__bonvoyage__send-off  an organized expression of goodwill at the start of a trip or new venture
        subtype:  good_morning__morning  a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
        subtype:  good_afternoon__afternoon  a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
        subtype:  good_night  a conventional expression of farewell
     subtype:  greeting__salutation  (usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)
        subtype:  well-wishing  an expression of good will from one person to another; "much hand-shaking and well-wishing"
        subtype:  compliments__regard__wish  (usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare; "give him my kind regards"; "my best wishes"
        subtype:  reception.greeting  the manner in which something is greeted; "she did not expect the cold reception she received from her superiors"
        subtype:  hail.greeting  enthusiastic greeting
        subtype:  pax__kiss_of_peace  (Roman Catholic) a greeting signifying Christian love for those assisting at the Eucharist
        subtype:  welcome  a greeting or reception; "the proposal got a warm welcome"
           subtype:  cordial_reception__cordialreception__hospitality  kindness in welcoming guests or strangers
           subtype:  inhospitality  unkind and inconsiderate welcome; "he was taken aback by such inhospitality"
           subtype:  glad_hand  a warm welcome; may be insincere
        subtype:  salute  an act of greeting with friendly words and gestures like bowing or lifting the hat
        subtype:  hello__hullo__hi__howdy__howdoyoudo  an expression of greeting; "every morning they exchanged polite hellos"
        subtype:  good_morning__morning  a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
        subtype:  good_afternoon__afternoon  a conventional expression of greeting or farewell
        subtype:  military_greeting__salute  a formal military gesture of respect
        subtype:  calling_card__callingcard__visiting_card__card  a written greeting that is left to indicate that you have visited
     subtype:  aloha__ciao  an acknowledgment that can be used to say hello or goodbye (aloha is Hawaiian; ciao is Italian)
     subtype:  handshake__shake__handshaking__handclasp  grasping and shaking a person's hand (as to acknowledge an introduction or to agree on a contract)
     subtype:  apology  an expression of regret at having caused trouble for someone; "he wrote a letter of apology to the hostess"
     subtype:  mea_culpa__meaculpa  an acknowledgment of your error or guilt
     subtype:  condolence__commiseration  an expression of sympathy with another's grief; "they sent their condolences"
     subtype:  congratulation__felicitation  acknowledgement that someone has an occasion for celebration
     subtype:  regrets__regret__refusal__declination  the polite declining of an invitation
     subtype:  admission.acknowledgment  an acknowledgment of the truth of something
        subtype:  confession.admission  an admission of misdeeds or faults
           subtype:  self-accusation__self-condemnation  an admission that you have failed to do or be something you know you should do or be
     subtype:  thanks.acknowledgment  an acknowledgment of appreciation
        subtype:  appreciation.thanks  an expression of gratitude; "he expressed his appreciation in a short note"
        subtype:  thank_you  a conversational expression of gratitude
        subtype:  curtain_call__curtaincall__bow  an appearance by actors or performers at the end of the concert or play in order to acknowledge the applause of the audience
  subtype:  info__information  a message received and understood that reduces the recipient's uncertainty
     subtype:  factoid.info  something resembling a fact; unverified (often invented) information that is given credibility because it appeared in print
     subtype:  misinformation  information that is incorrect
     subtype:  material  information (data or ideas or observations) that can be reworked into a finished form; "the archives provided rich material for a definitive biography"
        subtype:  rehash  old material that is slightly reworked and used again; "merely a dull rehash of his first novel"
        subtype:  copy.material  material suitable for a journalistic account; "catastrophes make good copy"
     subtype:  details__detail__inside_information  true confidential information; "after the trial he gave us the real details"
        subtype:  poop__dope__the_skinny__theskinny__low-down__lowdown  slang terms for inside information; "is that the straight dope?"
     subtype:  fact.info  a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
        subtype:  recordbook__record__book  a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone; "Al Smith used to say, `Let's look at the record'"; "his name is in all the recordbooks"
           subtype:  logbook  a book in which the log is written
              subtype:  bell_book  a logbook in which all orders concerning the main engines of a ship are recorded
           subtype:  won-lost_record  (sports) a record of win versus losses
           subtype:  scorecard__card  a record of scores (as in golf); "you have to turn in your card to get a handicap"
        subtype:  basics__rudiments__rudiment  a statement of fundamental facts or principles
        subtype:  index_number__indexnumber__index__indicant__indicator  a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time
           subtype:  business_index  a statistical compilation that provides a context for economic or financial conditions; "this business index is computed relative to the base year of 1995"
           subtype:  leading_indicator__leadingindicator  one of 11 indicators for different sections of the economy; used by the Department of Commerce to predict economic trends in the near future
           subtype:  price_index__priceindex__price_level__pricelevel  an index that traces the relative changes in the price of an individual good (or a market basket of goods) over time
              subtype:  retail_price_index  an index of changes in retail prices
              subtype:  producer_price_index__wholesale_price_index__wholesalepriceindex  an index of changes in wholesale prices
              subtype:  consumer_price_index__CPI__cost-of-living_index  an index of the cost of all goods and services to a typical consumer
           subtype:  short_account__shortaccount  the aggregate of short sales on an open market
           subtype:  stock_index__stockindex__stock_market_index  index based on a statistical compilation of the share prices of a number of representative stocks
              subtype:  Dow_Jones__Dow-Jones_Industrial_Average  an indicator of stock market prices; based on the share values of 30 leading companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
              subtype:  Standard_and_Poor's_Index__Standard_and_Poor's  a broadly based stock market index
     subtype:  data_format__format__formatting__data_formatting  the organization of information according to preset specifications (usually for computer processing)
        subtype:  high-level_formatting  (computer science) the format for the root directory and the file allocation tables and other basic configurations
        subtype:  low-level_formatting__lowlevelformatting__initialization__initialisation  (computer science) the format of sectors on the surface of a hard disk drive so that the operating system can access them and setting a starting position
        subtype:  purpose_related_format__purposerelatedformat
           subtype:  executable_format
              subtype:  bin
              subtype:  exe
           subtype:  archive_format__archiveformat
              subtype:  tar
              subtype:  gtar
              subtype:  shar
              subtype:  sit
              subtype:  hqx
           subtype:  compressed_data_format
              subtype:  zip
              subtype:  gz
              subtype:  Z
        subtype:  media_dependant_format__mediadependantformat
     subtype:  gen  (British) informal term for information; "give me the gen on your new line of computers"
     subtype:  database  an organized body of related information
        subtype:  listing__list  a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics)
           subtype:  agendum__agenda__order_of_business  a list of matters to be taken up (as at a meeting)
              subtype:  order_of_the_day  the order of business for an assembly on a given day
                 subtype:  order_paper__order_book__orderbook  a printed copy of the order of the day
           subtype:  bibliography  a list of writings with time and place of publication (such as the writings of a single author or the works referred to in preparing a document etc.)
           subtype:  bill.listing  a list of particulars (as a playbill or bill of fare)
              subtype:  bill_of_fare__menu__card__carte_du_jour__carte  a list of dishes available at a restaurant; "the menu was in French"
                 subtype:  a_la_carte  a menu having individual dishes listed with separate prices
                 subtype:  prix_fixe  a menu listing fixed meals at fixed prices
                 subtype:  table_d'hote__tabled'hote  a menu offering a complete meal with limited choices at a fixed price
              subtype:  playbill  a theatrical program; "he couldn't find her name on the playbill"
           subtype:  blacklist__black_book__blackbook  a list of people who are out of favor
           subtype:  calendar  a list or register of events (appointments or social events or court cases etc); "I have you on my calendar for next Monday"
              subtype:  docket  (law) the calendar of a court; the list of cases to be tried or a summary of the court's activities
           subtype:  calorie_chart__caloriechart  a list of foods and information about their caloric content
           subtype:  canon.listing  a complete list of saints that have been recognized by the Roman Catholic Church
           subtype:  catalogue__catalog  a complete list of things; usually arranged systematically; "it does not pretend to be a catalogue of his achievements"
              subtype:  card_catalog__card_catalogue  an enumeration of all the resources of a library
              subtype:  parts_catalog__partscatalog__parts_catalogue__partscatalogue  a list advertising parts for machinery along with prices
              subtype:  seed_catalog__seed_catalogue  a list advertising seeds and their prices
           subtype:  character_set__characterset  an ordered list of characters that are used together in writing or printing
              subtype:  alphabet  a character set that includes letters
                 subtype:  phonetic_alphabet__sound_alphabet__soundalphabet  an alphabet of characters intended to represent specific sounds of speech
                    subtype:  visible_speech.phonetic_alphabet__visiblespeech  a phonetic alphabet invented by Alexander Melville Bell in the 19th century
                 subtype:  manual_alphabet__finger_alphabet  an alphabet used by the deaf; letters are represented by finger positions
                 instance:  Roman_alphabet  Hebrew_alphabet__Hebraic_alphabet__Aramaic_alphabet  Greek_alphabet  Cyrillic_alphabet__Cyrillic  Arabic_alphabet
              subtype:  alphanumerics__alphanumeric  a character set that includes letters and digits and punctuation marks
              instance:  ASCII_character_set
           subtype:  checklist  a list of items (names or tasks etc.) to be checked or consulted
           subtype:  class_list__classlist__honours_list__honourslist  (British) a list issued by examiners that categorizes students according to the class of honours they achieved in their degree examinations
           subtype:  codex.listing  an official list of chemicals or medicines etc.
           subtype:  table_of_contents__contents  a list of divisions (chapters or articles) and the pages on which they start
           subtype:  corrigenda  a list of printing errors in a book along with their corrections
           subtype:  criminal_record__record  a list of crimes for which an accused person has been previously convicted; "he ruled that the criminal record of the defendant could not be disclosed to the court"; "the prostitute had a record a mile long"
           subtype:  directory.listing  (computer science) a listing of the files stored in memory (usually on a hard disk)
              subtype:  subdirectory  (computer science) a directory that is listed in another directory
           subtype:  distribution_list  list of names to whom a communication should be sent
           subtype:  enumeration__numbering  a numbered list
           subtype:  free_list  a list of commodities that are not subject to tariffs
           subtype:  grocery_list.listing__grocerylist__shoppinglist  a list of heterogenous items that someone wants; "the union came to the table with a whole grocery list of demands"
           subtype:  hit_list__hitlist  a list of victims to be eliminated (as by murder)
           subtype:  index.listing  an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
              subtype:  concordance  an index of all main words in a book along with their immediate contexts
           subtype:  key.listing  a list of words or phrases that explain symbols or abbreviations
              subtype:  key_word.key__keyword  a word that is used as a pattern to decode an encrypted message
           subtype:  stock_list__stocklist__inventory  a detailed list of all the items in stock
              subtype:  parts_inventory__partsinventory  an inventory of replacement parts
           subtype:  mailing_list__mailinglist  a list of names and addresses to which advertising material is mailed
              subtype:  IS_mailing_list
                 subtype:  KM_mailing_list
                    subtype:  CG_mailing_list
                    subtype:  FCA_mailing_list
           subtype:  computer_menu__menu  (computer science) a list of options available to a computer user
              subtype:  hierarchical_menu__cascading_menu__cascadingmenu__submenu  (computer science) a secondary menu that appears while you are holding the cursor over an item on the primary menu
           subtype:  necrology  a list of people who died recently
           subtype:  portfolio.listing  a list of the financial assets held by an individual or a bank or other financial institution
           subtype:  posting  (bookkeeping) a listing on the company's records; "the posting was made in the cash account"
           subtype:  price_list__pricelist  a listing of prices for different goods or services
           subtype:  push-down_list__push-down_stack__stack  a list in which the next item to be removed is the item most recently stored (LIFO)
           subtype:  queue.listing  (information processing) an ordered list of tasks to be performed or messages to be transmitted
              subtype:  push-down_queue  a last-in first-out kind of queue (LIFO)
           subtype:  roster__roll  a list of names; "his name was struck off the rolls"
              subtype:  batting_order__battingorder__card__lineup  (baseball) a list of batters in the order in which they will bat; "the managers presented their cards to the umpire at home plate"
              subtype:  death-roll__deathroll  a list of persons killed in a war or other disaster
              subtype:  muster_roll  a list of names of officers and men in a military unit or ship's company
              subtype:  church_roll  a list of the members of church
              subtype:  rota  (British) a roster of names showing the order in which people should perform certain duties
              subtype:  waiting_list__waitinglist  a roster of those waiting to obtain something
           subtype:  schedule  an ordered list of times at which things are planned to occur
              subtype:  network_programming  the schedule of programs to be broadcast on a network
              subtype:  timetable.schedule  a schedule of times of arrivals and departures
              subtype:  timetable  a schedule listing events and the times at which they will take place
           subtype:  shopping_list  a list of items to be purchased
              subtype:  grocery_list__grocerylist  a list of groceries to be purchased
           subtype:  short_list__shortlist  (British) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen
           subtype:  sick_list  a list of those who are ill (e.g. on a warship or in a regiment etc)
           subtype:  slate.listing  a list of candidates to be considered for nomination or election to public offices
           subtype:  wish_list  a list of events that you wish would occur
        subtype:  electronic_database__on-line_database__computer_database__electronic_information_service  (computer science) a database that can be accessed by computers
           subtype:  relational_database  a database in which relations between information items are explicitly specified as accessible attributes; "in a relational database the data are organized as a number of differently sized tables"
              subtype:  Medical_Literature_Analysis_and_Retrieval_System__MEDLARS  relational database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine for the storage and retrieval of bibliographical information concerning the biomedical literature
           subtype:  object-oriented_database  a database in which the operations carried out on information items (data objects) are considered part of their definition
           subtype:  lexical_database__lexicaldatabase  a database of information about words
              subtype:  machine_readable_dictionary__MRD__electronic_dictionary  a machine-readable version of a standard dictionary; organized alphabetically
              subtype:  WordNet  (trademark) a machine-readable lexical database organized by meanings; developed at Princeton University
              subtype:  wordnet  any of the machine-readable lexical databases modeled after the Princeton WordNet
        subtype:  subdata_base__subdatabase  a subset of data in a database that are used in a specific application
     subtype:  tidings__tiding__news__intelligence__word  new information about specific and timely events; "they awaited news of the outcome"
        subtype:  good_word  good news
        subtype:  update  news that updates your information
     subtype:  news  new information of any kind; "it was news to me"
     subtype:  nuts_and_bolts  detailed practical information about how something works or how something can be accomplished
     subtype:  intelligence.info  secret information about an enemy (or potential enemy); "we sent out planes to gather intelligence on their radar coverage"
     subtype:  confirmation  information that confirms or verifies
        subtype:  reinforcement__reenforcement  information that makes more forcible or convincing; "his gestures provided eloquent reinforcement for his complaints"
        subtype:  corroboration__documentation__certification  confirmation that some fact or statement is true
     subtype:  insider_information__insiderinformation  important information about the plans or condition of a corporation that has not been released to the public; use for personal profit is illegal
     subtype:  arcanum__secret  information known only to a special group; "the secret of Cajun cooking"
        subtype:  esoterica  secrets known only to an initiated minority
        subtype:  cabala__cabbala__cabbalah__kabala__kabbala__kabbalah  an esoteric or occult matter that is traditionally secret
        subtype:  password__watchword__word__parole__countersign  a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group; "he forgot the password"
     subtype:  secret  something that should remain hidden from others (especially information that is not to be passed on); "the combination to the safe was a secret"; "he tried to keep his drinking a secret"
        subtype:  confidence.secret  a secret that is confided or entrusted to another; "everyone trusted him with their confidences"; "the priest could not reveal her confidences"
        subtype:  open_secret  something that is supposed to be secret but is generally known; "their love affair was an open secret"
        subtype:  trade_secret__tradesecret  a secret (method or device or formula) that gives a manufacturer an advantage over the competition
     subtype:  propaganda  information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause
        subtype:  agitprop  political propaganda (especially Communist propaganda) communicated via art and literature and cinema
     subtype:  course_of_study__program__curriculum__syllabus  a course of academic studies; "he was admitted to a new program at the university"
        subtype:  reading_program  a program designed to teach literacy skills
        subtype:  degree_program  a course of study leading to an academic degree
     subtype:  news.info  information reported in a newspaper or news magazine; "the news of my death was greatly exaggerated"
        subtype:  business_news  news about businesses and investments
        subtype:  news_report__report__story__write_up__writeup  a short account of the news; "the report of his speech"; "the story was on the 11 o'clock news"; "the account of his speech that was given on the evening news made the governor furious"
           subtype:  newsletter__newssheet  report or open letter giving informal or confidential news of interest to a special group
              subtype:  market_letter  a newsletter written by an analyst of the stock market and sold to subscribers
           subtype:  bulletin  a brief report especially an official statement issued for immediate publication or broadcast
              subtype:  news_bulletin__newsflash__flash  a short news announcement concerning some on-going news story
              subtype:  information_bulletin__informationbulletin  a bulletin containing the latest information
           subtype:  communique__dispatch__despatch  an official report (usually sent in haste)
           subtype:  exclusive__scoop  a news report that is reported first by one news organization; "he got a scoop on the bribery of city officials"
        subtype:  newscast  a broadcast of news
           subtype:  radio_news  a radio broadcast of news
           subtype:  television_news  a television broadcast of news
        subtype:  reporting__coverage__reportage  the news as presented by reporters for newspapers or radio of television; "they accused the paper of biased coverage of race relations"
        subtype:  stop_press  late news that is inserted into the newspaper at the last minute
     subtype:  evidence.info  (law) all the means by which any alleged matter of fact whose truth is investigated at judicial trial is established or disproved
        subtype:  exhibit  an object or statement produced before a court of law and referred to while giving evidence
        subtype:  testimony  a solemn statement made under oath
           subtype:  witness.testimony  testimony by word or deed to your religious faith
           subtype:  declaration.testimony  unsworn statement in a legal transaction
           subtype:  affidavit__attestation  written declaration made under oath; a written statement sworn to be true before someone legally authorized to administer an oath
        subtype:  corpus_delicti  the body of evidence that constitute the offence; the objective proof that a crime has been committed (sometimes mistakenly thought to refer to the body of a homicide victim)
        subtype:  direct_evidence  evidence (usually the testimony of a witness) directly related to the fact in dispute
        subtype:  circumstantial_evidence__indirect_evidence  evidence providing only a basis for inference about the fact in dispute
        subtype:  corroborating_evidence__corroboratingevidence  additional evidence or evidence of different kind that supports a proof already offered in a proceeding
        subtype:  hearsay_evidence__hearsayevidence  evidence based on what someone has told the witness and not of direct knowledge
        subtype:  state's_evidence__state'sevidence  evidence for the prosecution in criminal proceedings
     subtype:  tabular_matter__tabularmatter__tabulation  information set out in tabular form
     subtype:  report__study  a written document describing the findings of some individual or group; "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale"
        subtype:  case_study.report__casestudy  a careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure
        subtype:  white_book__whitebook__white_paper__whitepaper  a government report; bound in white
        subtype:  blue_book.report__bluebook  a report published by the British government; bound in blue
        subtype:  progress_report__progressreport  a report of work accomplished during a specified time period
        subtype:  medical_report__medicalreport  a report of the results of a medical examination of a patient
        subtype:  PhD_thesis
     subtype:  stuff.info  information in some unspecified form; "it was stuff I had heard before"; "there's good stuff in that book"
     subtype:  report_card__report  a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment; "his father signed his report card"
     subtype:  publication  a printed work offered for distribution
        subtype:  reissue__reprint__reprinting  a publication (such as a book) that is reprinted without changes or editing and offered again for sale
        subtype:  new_edition__newedition  a publication (such as a book) that has been modified or updated and offered again for sale
        subtype:  book  a copy of a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together); "I am reading a good book on economics"
           subtype:  authority.book  an authoritative written work; "this book is the final authority on the life of Milton"
              subtype:  last_word  an authoritative statement; "my doctor has the last word on the medicines I take"
           subtype:  trade_book__tradebook__tradeedition  a book intended for general readership
              subtype:  best_seller  a book that has had a large and rapid sale
           subtype:  bestiary  a medieval book (usually illustrated) with allegorical and amusing descriptions of real and fabled animals
           subtype:  catechism.book  an elementary book summarizing the principles of a Christian religion; written as questions and answers
           subtype:  tome  a (usually) large and scholarly book
           subtype:  booklet__brochure__folder__leaflet__pamphlet  a small book usually having a paper cover
              subtype:  blue_book  a blue-covered booklet used in universities for writing examinations
              subtype:  ticket_book  a book of tickets that can be torn out and used
           subtype:  textbook__text__text_edition__schoolbook__school_text  a book prepared for use in schools or colleges; "his economics textbook is in its tenth edition"; "the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy"
              subtype:  crammer  a textbook designed for cramming
              subtype:  introduction.textbook  a basic or elementary instructional text
              subtype:  primer  an introductory textbook
                 subtype:  speller  an introductory textbook to teach spelling
              subtype:  reader.textbook  one of a series of texts for students learning to read
                 subtype:  McGuffey_Eclectic_Readers  readers that combined lessons in reading with moralistic messages
           subtype:  workbook  a student's book or booklet containing problems with spaces for solving them
           subtype:  copybook  a book containing models of good penmanship; used in teaching penmanship
           subtype:  appointment_book__appointmentbook__appointment_calendar__appointmentcalendar  a book containing a calendar and space to keep a record of appointments
           subtype:  catalog__catalogue  a book or pamphlet containing an enumeration of things; "he found it in the Sears catalog"
              subtype:  course_catalog__course_catalogue__prospectus  a catalog listing the courses offered by a college or university
           subtype:  phrase_book  a book containing common expressions in a foreign language along with their translations
           subtype:  prayer_book__prayerbook  a book containing prayers
              subtype:  breviary  (Roman Catholic Church) a book of prayers to be recited daily certain priests and members of religious orders
              subtype:  missal  (Roman Catholic Church) a book containing all the prayers and responses needed to celebrate Mass throughout the year
              subtype:  Psalter__Book_of_Psalms  a collection of Psalms for liturgical use
           subtype:  reference_book__referencebook__reference__reference_work__referencework__book_of_facts  a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts; "he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic"
              subtype:  cookbook__cookery_book__cookerybook  a book of recipes and cooking directions
              subtype:  instruction_book__instructionbook  a book of directions for using or operating some piece of equipment
              subtype:  source_book  a collection of historically important documents published together as a book
              subtype:  wordbook  a reference book containing words (usually with their meanings)
                 subtype:  dictionary__lexicon  a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about them
                    subtype:  bilingual_dictionary__bilingualdictionary  a dictionary giving equivalent words in two languages
                    subtype:  desk_dictionary__deskdictionary__collegiate_dictionary  an abridged dictionary of a size convenient to hold in the hand
                    subtype:  etymological_dictionary  a dictionary giving the historical origins of each word
                    subtype:  gazetteer  a geographical dictionary (as at the back of an atlas)
                    subtype:  learner's_dictionary__learner'sdictionary__schooldictionary  a dictionary specially written for those learning a foreign language
                    subtype:  pocket_dictionary__little_dictionary  a dictionary that is small enough to carry in your pocket
                    subtype:  spell-checker__spellchecker__spelling_checker  an electronic dictionary in a word processor that can be used to catch misspelled words
                    subtype:  unabridged_dictionary  a dictionary that is claimed to be complete
                       subtype:  Oxford_English_Dictionary__O.E.D.__OED  an unabridged dictionary constructed on historical principles
                 subtype:  onomasticon  a list of proper nouns naming persons or places
                 subtype:  vocabulary  a listing of the words used in some enterprise
                 subtype:  glossary__gloss__glos  an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field
                 subtype:  thesaurus__thesauru__synonym_finder__synonymfinder  a book containing a classified list of synonyms
                    subtype:  word_finder  a thesaurus organized to help you find the word you want but cannot think of
              subtype:  handbook__enchiridion__vade_mecum  a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location
                 subtype:  manual  a small handbook
                    subtype:  consuetudinary__consuetudinal  a manual describing the customs of a particular group (especially the ceremonial practices of a monastic order)
                    subtype:  grimoire  a manual of black magic (for invoking spirits and demons)
                    subtype:  instruction_manual__instructionmanual__instructions__book_of_instructions__operating_instructions  a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it
                    subtype:  reference_manual__referencemanual  a manual containing information organized in a summary manner
                    subtype:  sex_manual__sexmanual  a manual containing instruction in sexual techniques; intended to enhance the reader's sexual life
                 subtype:  bible  a book regarded as authoritative in its field
                 subtype:  guidebook__guide  something that offers basic information or instruction
                    subtype:  field_guide  a guidebook describing natural objects of some type that might be encountered in the field; "a field guide to mushrooms"
                    subtype:  roadbook  a guidebook describing the roads of a country; contains maps and (sometimes) a gazetteer
                    subtype:  travel_guidebook__itinerary  a guidebook for travelers
                       subtype:  baedeker  any of a series of travel guidebooks published by the German firm founded by Karl Baedeker
              subtype:  directory  an alphabetical list of names and addresses
                 subtype:  phonebook__telephonebook__telephone_directory__telephonedirectory  a directory containing an alphabetical list of telephone subscribers and their telephone numbers
                    subtype:  Yellow_Pages__yellow_pages  a telephone directory or section of a directory (usually printed on yellow paper) where business products and services are listed alphabetically by field along with classified advertising
                 subtype:  blue_book.directory__bluebook  a register of persons who are socially prominent
              subtype:  yearbook__annual  a reference book that is published regularly once every year
                 subtype:  almanac  an annual publication containing tabular information in a particular field or fields arranged according to the calendar of a given year
                 subtype:  farmer's_calendar__almanac  an annual publication including weather forecasts and other miscellaneous information arranged according to the calendar of a given year
                 subtype:  ephemeris__ephemeri  an annual publication containing tables that give the positions of the celestial bodies throughout the year; "today computers calculate the ephemerides"
              subtype:  atlas__atla__book_of_maps__map_collection__mapcollection  a collection of maps in book form
                 subtype:  dialect_atlas__dialectatla__linguisticatla  an atlas showing the distribution of distinctive linguistic features
              subtype:  encyclopedia__cyclopedia__encyclopaedia__cyclopaedia  a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty
                 subtype:  book_of_knowledge  an elementary encyclopedia dealing with general knowledge
           subtype:  review_copy  a copy of a newly published book that is sent for review to a writer or periodical
           subtype:  songbook  a book containing a collection of songs
              subtype:  hymnal__hymnbook__hymnary  a songbook containing a collection of hymns
           subtype:  Das_Kapital__Capital  a book written by Karl Marx (1867) describing his economic theories
           instance:  New_Latin_Utopia__Utopia
        subtype:  volume.publication  a publication that is one of a set of several similar publications; "the third volume was missing"; "he asked for the 1989 volume of the Annual Review"
        subtype:  read  something that is read; "the article was a very good read"
        subtype:  impression.publication__printing  all the copies of a work printed at one time; "they ran off an initial printing of 2000 copies"
           subtype:  edition  the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published
              subtype:  limited_edition__limitededition  an edition that is restricted to a specific number of copies
              subtype:  variorum_edition__variorum  an edition containing various versions of a text or notes by various scholars or editors
           subtype:  test_copy__proof  (printing) a trial impression made to check for errors
              subtype:  galley_proof  a proof taken before the type is broken up to print pages
              subtype:  foundry_proof__foundryproof  a proof taken from a form before duplicate plates are made
           subtype:  mackle  a printed impression that is blurred or doubled
        subtype:  collection__compendium  a publication containing a variety of works
           subtype:  anthology  a collection of selected literary passages
              subtype:  divan.anthology__diwan  a collection of Persian or Arabic poems (usually by one author)
              subtype:  florilegium__garland  an anthology of short literary pieces and poems and ballads etc.
           subtype:  archives  collection of records especially about an institution
           subtype:  compilation__digest  something that is compiled (as into a single book or file)
        subtype:  periodical  a publication that appears at fixed intervals
           subtype:  digest  a periodical that summarizes the news
           subtype:  pictorial  a periodical (magazine or newspaper) containing many pictures
           subtype:  serial_publication__series__serial  a periodical that appears at scheduled times
              subtype:  monthly  a periodical that is published every month
              subtype:  quarterly  a periodical that is published every quarter
              subtype:  weekly  a periodical that is published every week
           subtype:  organ.periodical  a periodical that is published by a special interest group; "the organ of the communist party"
              subtype:  house_organ  a periodical published by a business firm for its employees and customers
           subtype:  issue.periodical__number  one of a series published periodically; "she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waitingroom"
              subtype:  edition.issue  an issue of a newspaper; "he read it in yesterday's edition of the Times"
           subtype:  journal  a periodical dedicated to a particular subject; "he reads the medical journals"
              subtype:  annals  reports of the work of a society or learned body etc
           subtype:  review.periodical  a periodical that publishes critical essays on current affairs or literature or art
              subtype:  literary_review  a review devoted to literary criticism
        subtype:  dope_sheet__scratch_sheet__scratchsheet  a racing publication giving information on horses
        subtype:  reference.publication__source  a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to; "he carried an armful of references back to his desk"; "he spent hours looking for the source of that quotation"
        subtype:  article  nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication
           subtype:  newspaper_column__newspapercolumn__column__editorial  an article giving opinions or perspectives
              subtype:  agony_column__agonycolumn  a newspaper column devoted to personal problems
           subtype:  feature_article__featurearticle__feature  a special or prominent article in a newspaper or magazine; "they ran a feature on retirement planning"
           subtype:  magazine_article  an article published in a magazine
           subtype:  news_article__news_story__newspaper_article__newspaperarticle  an article reporting news
              subtype:  lead_story__lead  a news story of major importance
              subtype:  personal  a short newspaper article about a particular person or group
              subtype:  sidebar  a short news story presenting sidelights on a major story
           subtype:  offprint__reprint__separate  a separately printed article that originally appeared in a larger publication
           subtype:  paper.article  a scholarly article describing the results of observations or stating hypotheses; "he has written many scientific papers"
  subtype:  counsel__guidance__counseling__counselling__direction  direction or advice as to a decision or course of action
     subtype:  career_counseling  counseling on career opportunities
     subtype:  genetic_counseling__geneticcounseling  counseling to advise prospective parents on the likelihood of genetic disorders in their future children
     subtype:  guideline  guidance relative to setting standards or determining a course of action
     subtype:  marriage_counseling  counseling on marital problems and disagreements
     subtype:  confidential_information__tip__steer__wind__hint  an indication of potential opportunity; "he got a tip on the stock market"; "a good lead for a job"
  subtype:  commitment.subject_matter__dedication  a message that makes a pledge
     subtype:  oath__swearing  affirming the truth of a statement; to lie under oath is to become subject to prosecution for perjury
        subtype:  Hippocratic_oath  an oath taken by physicians to observe medical ethics deriving from Hippocrates
     subtype:  affirmation.commitment  a solemn declaration that serves the same purpose as an oath (if an oath is objectionable to the person on religious or ethical grounds)
        subtype:  profession.affirmation  affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith; "a profession of Christianity"
     subtype:  assurance__pledge  a binding commitment to do or give or refrain from something: "an assurance of help when needed"; "signed a pledge never to reveal the secret"
        subtype:  warranty__guarantee__warrant  a written assurance that some product or service will be provided or will meet certain specifications
           subtype:  security.warranty__surety  a guarantee that an obligation will be met
           subtype:  deposit.warranty  a payment given as a guarantee that an obligation will be met
           subtype:  stock_warrant__stockwarrant  a written certificate that gives the holder the right to purchase shares of a stock for a specified price within a specified period of time
        subtype:  guarantee  a pledge that something will happen or that something is true; "there is no guarantee that they are not lying"
           subtype:  safety_net.guarantee__safetynet  a guarantee of professional or financial security
        subtype:  plight__troth  a solemn pledge of fidelity
        subtype:  vow  a solemn pledge (to oneself or to another or to a deity) to do something or to behave in a certain manner; "they took vows of poverty"
  subtype:  approval.subject_matter__commendation  a message expressing a favorable opinion; "words of approval seldom passed his lips"
     subtype:  approbation  official recognition or approval
     subtype:  countenance__endorsement__warrant  formal and explicit approval
        subtype:  OK__okay__okey__okeh  an endorsement; "they gave us the OK to go ahead"
        subtype:  visa  an endorsement made in a passport that allows the bearer to enter the country issuing it
        subtype:  nihil_obstat.countenance__nihilobstat  the phrase used by the official censor of the Roman Catholic Church to say that a publication has been examined and contains nothing offensive to the Church
     subtype:  recognition.approval__credit  approval; "give her recognition for trying"; "he was given credit for his work"; "it is to her credit that she tried"; "the credits were given at the end of the film"
        subtype:  commemoration__memorial__remembrance  a recognition of meritorious service
           subtype:  epitaph.commemoration  a summary statement of commemoration for a dead person
        subtype:  standing_ovation__ovation  enthusiastic recognition (especially one accompanied by loud applause)
        subtype:  salute.recognition__salutation  an act of honor or courteous recognition: "a musical salute to the composer on his birthday"
     subtype:  secret_approval__connivance__tacit_consent__tacitconsent  (law) tacit approval of someone's wrongdoing
     subtype:  permission  approval to do something; "he asked permission to leave"
        subtype:  authorization__authority__authorisation__sanction  official permission or approval; "authority for the program was renewed several times"
        subtype:  consent  permission to do something; "he indicated his consent"
           subtype:  informed_consent  consent by a patient to undergo a medical or surgical treatment or to participate in an experiment after the patient understands the risks involved
        subtype:  dismissal  permission to go; the sending away of someone
        subtype:  leave  permission to do something; "she was granted leave to speak"
        subtype:  laissez_passer__laissezpasser__pass  a document indicating permission to do something without restrictions; "the media representatives had special passes"
           subtype:  boarding_card__boarding_pass  a pass that allows you to board a ship or plane
           subtype:  hall_pass  written permission from a teacher for a student to be out the classroom and in the halls of the school
           subtype:  ticket-of-leave  a permit formerly given to convicts allowing them to leave prison under specific restrictions
        subtype:  pass.permission__passport  any authorization to pass or go somewhere; "the pass to visit had a strict time limit"
           subtype:  safe-conduct__safeguard  a document or escort providing safe passage through a region especially in time of war
        subtype:  all_clear__allclear  permission to proceed because obstacles have been removed
     subtype:  encouragement  the expression of approval and support
        subtype:  abetment__instigation  the verbal act of urging on
        subtype:  cheering__shouting  encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators; "it's all over but the shouting"
        subtype:  advancement__furtherance  encouragement of the progress or growth or acceptance of something
        subtype:  fostering__fosterage  encouragement; aiding the development of something
        subtype:  goading__goad__prod__prodding__urging__spur__spurring  a verbalization that encourages you to attempt something; "the ceaseless prodding got on his nerves"
        subtype:  provocation__incitement  needed encouragement; "the result was a provocation of vigorous investigation"
           subtype:  subornation  underhandedly or improperly inducing someone to do something improper or unlawful; "subornation of perjury is a crime"
        subtype:  vote_of_confidence  an expression of approval and encouragement; "they gave the chairman a vote of confidence"
     subtype:  acclaim__acclamation__plaudits__plaudit__eclat  enthusiastic approval; "the book met with modest acclaim"; "he acknowledged the plaudits of the crowd"; "they gave him more eclat than he really deserved"
     subtype:  applause__hand_clapping__clapping  a demonstration of approval by clapping the hands together
        subtype:  hand.applause  a round of applause to signify approval; "give the little lady a great big hand"
        subtype:  handclap  a clap of the hands to indicate approval
        subtype:  round.applause  an outburst of applause; "there was a round of applause"
     subtype:  cheer  a cry or shout of approval
        subtype:  banzai  a Japanese cheer of enthusiasm or triumph
        subtype:  bravo  a cry of approval as from an audience at the end of great performance
        subtype:  hurrah__hooray  a victory cheer; "let's give the team a big hurrah"
        subtype:  salvo.cheer  a sudden outburst of cheers; "there was a salvo of approval"
     subtype:  congratulations__congratulation__praise__kudos__kudo  an expression of approval and commendation; "he always appreciated praise for his work"
        subtype:  superlative  an exaggerated expression (usually of praise); "the critics lavished superlatives on it"
        subtype:  encomium__eulogy__panegyric__paean  a formal expression of praise
        subtype:  recommendation.congratulations__testimonial__goodword  something that recommends (or expresses commendation)
           subtype:  character_reference__character__reference  a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability; "requests for character references are all to often answered evasively"
           subtype:  puff  exaggerated praise (as for promotional purposes)
        subtype:  compliment  a remark (or act) expressing praise and admiration
           subtype:  trade-last__tradelast  a compliment that I heard about you that I offer to trade for a compliment you have heard about me
           subtype:  flattery  excessive or insincere praise
              subtype:  blandishment__cajolery__palaver  flattery intended to persuade
              subtype:  blarney__coaxing__soft_soap__sweet_talk__sweettalk  flattery designed to gain favor
           subtype:  smarm__unction__fulsomeness  excessive but superficial compliments given with affected charm
     subtype:  accolade__award__honor__honour__laurels__laurel  a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction; "an award for bravery"
        subtype:  academic_degree__degree  an award conferred by a college or university signifying that the recipient has satisfactorily completed a course of study; "he earned his degree at Princeton summa cum laude"
           subtype:  associate_degree__associatedegree__associate  a degree granted by a two-year college on successful completion of the undergraduates course of studies
              subtype:  Associate_in_Arts__AA  an associate degree in arts
              subtype:  Associate_in_Applied_Science__AAS  an associate degree in applied science
              subtype:  Associate_in_Nursing__AN  an associate degree in nursing
           subtype:  bachelor's_degree__baccalaureate  an academic degree conferred on someone who has successfully completed undergraduate studies
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Arts__BA__Artium_Baccalaurens__AB  a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Arts_in_Library_Science__ABLS  a bachelor's degree in library science
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Arts_in_Nursing__BAN  a bachelor's degree in nursing
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Divinity__BD  a bachelor's degree in religion
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Literature__BLitt  a bachelor's degree in literature
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Medicine__MB  (a British degree) a bachelor's degree in medicine
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Music__BMus  a bachelor's degree in music
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Naval_Science__BNS  a bachelor's degree in naval science
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Science__BS__SB  a bachelor's degree in science
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Science_in_Architecture__BSArch  a bachelor's degree in architecture
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Science_in_Engineering  a bachelor's degree in engineering
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Theology__ThB  a bachelor's degree in theology
           subtype:  honours_degree__honoursdegree__honours  (Great Britain) a university degree with honors
              subtype:  first-class_honours_degree__firstclasshonoursdegree__first  (Great Britain) an honours degree of the highest class
                 subtype:  double_first  (Great Britain) a first-class honours degree in two subjects
           subtype:  master's_degree__master'sdegree  an academic degree higher than a bachelor's but lower than a doctor's
              subtype:  Master_of_Architecture__MArch  a degree granted for the successful completion of advanced study of architecture
              subtype:  Master_of_Arts__MA__Artium_Magister__AM  a master's degree in arts and sciences
              subtype:  Master_of_Arts_in_Library_Science__MALS  a master's degree in library science
              subtype:  Master_of_Arts_in_Teaching__MAT  a master's degree in teaching
              subtype:  Master_in_Business__MBA  a master's degree in business
              subtype:  Master_of_Divinity__MDiv  a master's degree in religion
              subtype:  Master_of_Education__MEd  a master's degree in education
              subtype:  Master_of_Fine_Arts__MFA  a master's degree in fine arts
              subtype:  Master_of_Literature__MLitt  a master's degree in literature
              subtype:  Master_of_Library_Science__MLS  a master's degree in library science
              subtype:  Master_in_Public_Affairs  a master's degree in questions of public concern
              subtype:  Master_of_Science__MS__SM  a master's degree in science
              subtype:  Master_of_Science_in_Engineering  a master's degree in engineering
              subtype:  Master_of_Theology__ThM  a master's degree in theology
           subtype:  doctor's_degree__doctorate  one of the highest academic degrees conferred by a university
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Dental_Medicine__DMD  a doctor's degree in dental medicine
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Dental_Surgery__DDS  a doctor's degree in dental surgery
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Divinity__DD  a doctor's degree in religion
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Education__EdD__DEd  a doctor's degree in education
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Medicine__MD  a doctor's degree in medicine
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Music__DMus__MusD  a doctor's degree in music
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Musical_Arts__AMusD  a doctor's degree in musical arts
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Optometry__OD  a doctor's degree in optometry
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Osteopathy__DO  doctor's degree in osteopathy
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Philosophy__PhD  a doctorate awarded for original contributions to knowledge
                 subtype:  American_PhD__PhD  an American doctorate usually based on at least 3 years graduate study and a dissertation; the highest degree awarded by a graduate school
                 subtype:  DPhil  a British doctorate
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Public_Health__DPH  a doctor's degree in preventive medicine
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Theology__ThD  a doctor's degree in theology
           subtype:  law_degree__lawdegree  degree conferred on someone who successfully completes law school
              subtype:  Bachelor_of_Laws__LLB  a three-year law degree
              subtype:  Master_of_Laws__LLM  an advanced law degree
           subtype:  honorary_degree  a degree conferred to honor the recipient
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Arts__ArtsD  an honorary arts degree
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Fine_Arts  an honorary degree in fine arts
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Humane_Letters  an honorary degree in letters
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Humanities  an honorary degree in the humanities
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Laws__LLD  an honorary law degree
              subtype:  Doctor_of_Science__DS__ScD  an honorary degree in science
        subtype:  pennant.accolade  the award given to the champion
        subtype:  seal_of_approval__cachet__seal  an indication of approved or superior status
        subtype:  commendation__citation  an official award (as for bravery or service) usually given as formal public statement
        subtype:  honorable_mention__honorablemention__mention  an official recognition of merit; "although he didn't win the prize he did get special mention"
        subtype:  varsity_letter__varsityletter__letter  an award earned by participation in a school sport; "he won letters in three sports"
        subtype:  laurel_wreath__decoration__medal__medallion__palm__ribbon  an award for winning a championship or commemorating some other event
           subtype:  Congressional_Medal_of_Honor__Medal_of_Honor  the highest U.S. military decoration awarded for bravery and valor in action `above and beyond the call of duty'
           subtype:  Distinguished_Service_Medal  a US military decoration for meritorious service in wartime duty of great responsibility
           subtype:  Distinguished_Service_Cross  a US Army decoration for extraordinary heroism against an armed enemy
           subtype:  Navy_Cross  a US Navy decoration for extraordinary heroism against an armed enemy
           subtype:  Distinguished_Flying_Cross  a US Airforce decoration for heroism while participating in an aerial flight
           subtype:  Air_Medal  a US Airforce decoration for meritorious achievement while participating in an aerial flight
           subtype:  Silver_Star_Medal__Silver_Star  a US military decoration for gallantry in action
           subtype:  Bronze_Star_Medal__Bronze_Star  a US military decoration awarded for meritorious service (except in aerial flight)
           subtype:  Order_of_the_Purple_Heart__Purple_Heart  a US military decoration awarded to any member of the armed forces who is wounded in action
           subtype:  Victoria_Cross  a British military decoration for gallantry
           subtype:  Distinguished_Conduct_Medal  a British military decoration for distinguished conduct in the field
           subtype:  Distinguished_Service_Order  a British military decoration for special service in action
           subtype:  Croix_de_Guerre  a French military decoration for gallantry
           subtype:  Medaille_Militaire  a French military decoration
        subtype:  trophy  an award for success in war or hunting
        subtype:  Emmy  an annual award for outstanding achievements in television
        subtype:  Nobel_prize  an annual award for outstanding contributions to chemistry or physics or physiology and medicine or literature or economics or peace
        subtype:  Oscar  an annual award by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievements in motion picture production and performance
        subtype:  Prix_de_Rome  an annual prize awarded by the French government in a competition of painters and artists and sculptors and musicians and architects; the winner in each category receives support for a period of study in Rome
        subtype:  Prix_Goncourt  an award given annually for contributions to French literature
     subtype:  tribute.approval__testimonial  something given or done as an expression of esteem
  subtype:  disapproval.subject_matter  the expression of disapproval
     subtype:  disapprobation__condemnation  an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable; "his uncompromising condemnation of racism"
        subtype:  animadversion__censure  harsh criticism or disapproval
           subtype:  interdict  an ecclesiastical censure by the Roman Catholic Church withdrawing certain sacraments and Christian burial from a person or all persons in a particular district
        subtype:  demonization  to represent as diabolically evil; "the demonization of our enemies"
     subtype:  unfavorable_judgment__unfavorablejudgment__criticism  disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings; "the senator received severe criticism from his opponent"
        subtype:  brickbat  blunt criticism
        subtype:  faultfinding__carping  persistent petty and unjustified criticism
        subtype:  flak__fire__attack__flack__blast  intense adverse criticism; "Clinton directed his fire at the Republican Party"; "the government has come under attack"; "don't give me any flak"
        subtype:  thrust  verbal criticism; "he enlivened his editorials with barbed thrusts at politicians"
        subtype:  potshot.unfavorable_judgment  criticism aimed at an easy target and made without careful consideration; "reporters took potshots at the mayor"
        subtype:  rebuke__reproof__reproval__reprehension__reprimand  an act or expression of criticism and censure; "he had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face"
           subtype:  riot_act  a vigorous reprimand; "I read him the riot act"
           subtype:  chiding__scolding__objurgation  rebuking a person harshly
              subtype:  wigging__wig  British slang for a scolding
           subtype:  what_for  a strong reprimand
           subtype:  castigation__earful__bawling_out__bawlingout__chewing_out__upbraiding__going-over__goingover__dressing_down  a severe scolding
           subtype:  berating__blowing_up__blowingup  a severe rebuke; "he deserved the berating that the coach gave him"
           subtype:  reproach  a mild rebuke or criticism; "words of reproach"
              subtype:  self-reproach__self-reproof  the act of blaming yourself
              subtype:  blame__rap  a reproach for some lapse or misdeed; "he took the blame for it"; "it was a bum rap"
           subtype:  lecture__speech__talking_to__talkingto  a lengthy rebuke; "a good lecture was my father's idea of discipline"; "the teacher gave him a talking to"
              subtype:  sermon__preaching  a moralistic rebuke; "your preaching is wasted on him"
              subtype:  curtain_lecture__curtainlecture  a private lecture to a husband by his wife
           subtype:  chastening__correction__chastisement  a rebuke for making a mistake
           subtype:  admonishment__admonition__monition  a firm rebuke
        subtype:  slating.unfavorable_judgment  a severely critical attack; "the reviewers gave his book a sound slating"
        subtype:  stricture  severe criticism
     subtype:  discouragement.disapproval  the expression of opposition and disapproval
        subtype:  disheartenment  a communication that leaves you disheartened or daunted
        subtype:  dissuasion.discouragement  a communication that dissuades you
        subtype:  determent__deterrence__intimidation  a communication that makes you afraid to try something
  subtype:  respects  (often used with `pay') a formal expression of esteem; "he paid his respects to the mayor"
  subtype:  discourtesy__disrespect  an expression of lack of respect
     subtype:  abuse__insult__revilement__contumely  a rude expression intended to offend or hurt; "when a student made a stupid mistake he spared them no abuse"; "they yelled insults at the visiting team"
        subtype:  low_blow__lowblow  unscrupulous abuse
        subtype:  scurrility__billingsgate  foul-mouthed or obscene abuse
        subtype:  stinger.abuse__cut  a remark capable of wounding mentally; "the unkindest cut of all"
        subtype:  vituperation__invective__vitriol  the expression of bitter deep-seated ill will; rancor
     subtype:  derision.discourtesy  contemptuous laughter
        subtype:  jeer__jeering__mockery__scoffing  showing your contempt by derision
        subtype:  put-down__putdown__squelch__squelcher__takedown  (informal) a crushing remark
        subtype:  befooling__stultification  derision of someone or something as foolish or absurd or inconsistent
     subtype:  ridicule  language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate
     subtype:  scorn__contempt  open disrespect for a person or thing
        subtype:  sneer.scorn__leer  a facial expression of contempt or scorn; the upper lip curls
        subtype:  sneer  a contemptuous or scornful remark
     subtype:  disparagement__depreciation__derogation  a communication that belittles somebody or something
        subtype:  denigration__belittling  a belittling comment
        subtype:  aspersion__slur  a disparaging remark
        subtype:  petty_criticism__pettycriticism__detraction  a petty disparagement
        subtype:  sour_grapes  disparagement of something that is unattainable
        subtype:  condescension__disdain__patronage  a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient
        subtype:  calumny__defamation__obloquy__hatchet_job__hatchetjob  a malicious attack
           subtype:  character_assassination__characterassassination__assassination  an attack intended to ruin someone's reputation
           subtype:  vilification__smear__malignment  slanderous defamation
           subtype:  libel  a tort consisting of false and malicious publication printed for the purpose of defaming a living person
           subtype:  slander  words falsely spoken that damage the reputation of another
              subtype:  mud  slanderous remarks or charges
           subtype:  name_calling__names__name  verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument
           subtype:  name.calumny__epithet  a defamatory or abusive word or phrase; "sticks and stones may break my bones but names can never hurt me"
              subtype:  smear_word__smearword  an epithet that can be used to smear someone's reputation; "he used the smear word `communist' for everyone who disagreed with him"
     subtype:  impudence__cheek__impertinence  an impudent statement
     subtype:  blasphemy  blasphemous language (expressing disrespect for God or for something sacred)
  subtype:  statement  a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc; "according to his statement he was in London on that day"
     subtype:  amendment.statement  a statement that is added to or revises or improves a proposal or document (a bill or constitution etc.)
        subtype:  First_Amendment  an amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing the right of free expression; includes freedom of assembly and freedom of the press and freedom of religion and freedom of speech
        subtype:  Fifth_Amendment  an amendment to the Constitution of the United States that imposes restrictions on the government's prosecution of persons accused of crimes; mandates due process of law and prohibits self-incrimination and double jeopardy
        subtype:  Fourteenth_Amendment  an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1868; extends the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the states as well as to the federal government
        subtype:  Eighteenth_Amendment  an amendment to the Constitution of the United States adopted in 1920; prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages; repealed in 1932
        subtype:  Twentieth_Amendment  an amendment to the Constitution of the United State adopted in 1920; guarantees that no state can deny the right to vote on the basis of sex
     subtype:  thing.statement  a statement regarded as an object; "to say the same thing in other terms"; "how can you say such a thing?"
     subtype:  true_statement__truth  a true statement; "he told the truth"; "he thought of answering with the truth but he knew they wouldn't believe it"
        subtype:  gospel_truth__gospel  an unquestionable truth; "his word was gospel"
        subtype:  tautology.true_statement  (logic) a statement that is necessarily true; "the statement `he is brave or he is not brave' is a tautology"
        subtype:  truism  an obvious truth
           subtype:  platitude__cliche__banality__commonplace__bromide  a trite or obvious remark
     subtype:  verbal_description__description  a statement that represents something in words
        subtype:  job_description  description of the responsibilities associated with a given job
        subtype:  spec__specification  a detailed description of design criteria for a piece of work
           subtype:  computer_architecture  the art of assembling logical elements into a computing device; the specification of the relation between parts of a computer system
              subtype:  neural_net__neural_network  computer architecture in which processors are connected in a manner suggestive of connections between neurons; can learn by trial and error
           subtype:  network_architecture__networkarchitecture  specification of design principles (including data formats and procedures) for creating a network configuration of data processors
        subtype:  word_picture__word-painting__delineation__depiction__picture__characterization__characterisation  a graphic or vivid verbal description; "too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures"; "the author gives a depressing picture of life in Poland"
           subtype:  epithet  descriptive word or phrase
           subtype:  portrayal.word_picture__portraiture__portrait  a word picture of a person's appearance and character
     subtype:  declaration  emphatic or explicit statement
        subtype:  proclamation__announcement__annunciation  a formal public statement; "the government made an announcement about changes in the drug war"
           subtype:  promulgation  the official announcement of a new law or ordinance whereby the law or ordinance is put into effect
        subtype:  manifesto__pronunciamento  a public declaration of intentions (as issued by a political party or government)
           subtype:  Communist_manifesto  a socialist manifesto written by Marx and Engels (1842) describing the history of the working-class movement according to their views
        subtype:  pronouncement__dictum__say-so__sayso  an authoritative declaration
           subtype:  directive  a pronouncement encouraging or banning some activity; "the boss loves to send us directives"
        subtype:  averment__assertion__asseveration  a declaration that is made as if no supporting evidence were necessary
           subtype:  assertion_of_a_right__claim  an assertion of a right (as to money or property); "his claim asked for damages"
              subtype:  pretension  the advancing of a claim; "his pretension to the crown"; "the town still puts forward pretensions as a famous resort"
           subtype:  claim.averment  an assertion that something is true or factual; "his claim that he was innocent"; "evidence contradicted the government's claims"
              subtype:  allegement__allegation  statements affirming or denying certain matters of fact
                 subtype:  bill_of_Particulars  the particular events to be dealt with in a criminal trial; advises the defendant and the court of the facts the defendant will be required to meet
                 subtype:  pleading  (law) an allegation in legal form stating something on behalf of a party to a legal proceeding
                    subtype:  affirmative_pleading__affirmativepleading  any defensive pleading that affirms facts rather than merely denying the facts alleged by the plaintiff
                    subtype:  alternative_pleading__alternativepleading__pleading_in_the_alternative  a pleading that alleges facts so separate that it is difficult to determine which facts the person intends to rely on
                    subtype:  answer.pleading  the principle pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea of `guilty' or `not guilty' (or nolo contendere); in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims
                       subtype:  evasive_answer__evasiveanswer  (law) an answer by a defendant that fails to admit or deny the allegations set forth in the complaint
                       subtype:  nolo_contendere__non_vult__nonvult  (criminal law) an answer of `no contest' by a defendant who does not admit guilt but that subjects him to conviction
                       subtype:  plea.answer  (law) a defendant's answer by a factual matter (as distinguished from a demurrer)
                          subtype:  dilatory_plea  a plea that delays the action without settling the cause of action; it can challenge the jurisdiction or claim disability of the defendant etc. (such defenses are usually raised in the defendant's answer)
                          subtype:  insanity_plea__plea_of_insanity  (criminal law) a plea in which the defendant claims innocence due to mental incompetence at the time
                    subtype:  charge.pleading__complaint  (criminal law) a pleading describing some wrong or offense; "he was arrested on a charge of larceny"
                       subtype:  accusal__accusation  a formal charge of wrongdoing brought against a person; the act of imputing blame or guilt
                          subtype:  self-accusation__self-condemnation  an admission that you have failed to do or be something you know you should do or be
                          subtype:  recrimination  mutual accusations
                          subtype:  allegation  a formal accusation against somebody
                             subtype:  grievance.allegation  an allegation that something imposes an illegal obligation or denies some legal right or causes injustice
                             subtype:  lodgment__lodgement  bringing a charge or accusation against someone
                             subtype:  plaint  a written statement of the grounds of complaint made to court law asking for the grievance to be redressed
                          subtype:  imprecation  a slanderous accusation
                          subtype:  imputation.accusal  a statement attributing something dishonest (especially a criminal offense); "he denied the imputation"
                          subtype:  indictment  an accusation of wrongdoing; "the book is an indictment of modern philosophy"
                          subtype:  information.accusal  formal accusation of a crime
                          subtype:  preferment.accusal  the act of making accusations; "preferment of charges"
                          subtype:  incrimination__inculpation__blame  an accusation that you are responsible for some lapse or misdeed; "his incrimination was based on my testimony"; "the police laid the blame on on the driver"
                             subtype:  self-incrimination  an accusation that incriminates yourself
                          subtype:  implication  a charge that implicates someone (usually of wrongdoing)
                             subtype:  unspoken_accusation__veiled_accusation  an accusation that is understood without needing to be spoken
                             subtype:  insinuation__innuendo  an indirect (and usually malicious) implication
                    subtype:  complaint.pleading  (civil law) the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim for relief is based
                    subtype:  defective_pleading__defectivepleading  any pleading that fails to conform in form or substance to minimum standards of accuracy or sufficiency
                    subtype:  demurrer  (law) any pleading that attacks the legal sufficiency of the opponent's pleadings
                    subtype:  rebutter__rebuttal  (law) a pleading by the defendant in reply to a plaintiff's surrejoinder
                    subtype:  replication  (law) a pleading made by a plaintiff in reply to the defendant's plea or answer
                    subtype:  rejoinder  ( law) a pleading made by a defendant in response to the plaintiff's replication
                    subtype:  special_pleading__specialpleading  (law) a pleading that alleges new facts in avoidance of the opposing allegations
                    subtype:  surrebutter__surrebuttal  (law) a pleading by the plaintiff in reply to the defendant's rebutter
                    subtype:  surrejoinder  ( law) a pleading by the plaintiff in reply to the defendant's rejoinder
           subtype:  accusation__charge  an assertion that someone is guilty of a fault or offence; "the newspaper published charges that Jones was guilty of drunken driving"
           subtype:  contention  a point asserted as part of an argument
           subtype:  ipse_dixit__ipsedixitism  an unsupported dogmatic assertion
           subtype:  avowal__affirmation  a statement asserting the existence or the truth of something
              subtype:  professing__profession  an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion; "a profession of disagreement"
              subtype:  affirmative  a reply of affirmation; "he answered in the affirmative"
                 subtype:  yes__ye  an affirmative; "I was hoping for a yes"
                 subtype:  yea  an affirmative; "The yeas have it"
                 subtype:  double_negative.affirmative__doublenegative  an affirmative constructed from two negatives; "A not unwelcome outcome"
           subtype:  testimony.averment  an assertion offering firsthand authentication of a fact; "according to his own testimony he can't do it"
           subtype:  denial.averment  an assertion that something alleged is not true
              subtype:  negation.denial  the speech act of negating
                 subtype:  contradiction.negation  the speech act of contradicting someone; "he spoke as if he thought his claims were immune to contradiction"
                 subtype:  cancellation.negation  the act of revoking or annulling or making void
        subtype:  protestation  a strong declaration of protest
        subtype:  postulation__predication  a declaration of something self-evident; something that can be assumed as the basis for argument
        subtype:  threat.declaration  declaration of an intention or a determination to inflict harm on another; "his threat to kill me was quite explicit"
           subtype:  commination.threat  a threat of divine punishment or vengeance
           subtype:  menace  a threat or the act of threatening; "he spoke with desperate menace"
        subtype:  bid.declaration__bidding  (bridge) the number of tricks a bridge player is willing to contract to make
           subtype:  contract.bid  (bridge) the highest bid becomes the contract setting the number of tricks that the bidder must make
           subtype:  takeout  (bridge) a bid that asks your partner to bid another suit
           subtype:  overcall__overbid  (bridge) a bid that is higher than your opponent's bid (especially when your partner has not bid at all and your bid exceeds the value of your hand)
           subtype:  preemptive_bid  a high bid that is intended to prevent the opposing players from bidding
     subtype:  Bill_of_Rights  a statement of fundamental rights and privileges (especially the first ten amendments to the US Constitution)
     subtype:  formula.statement  a conventionalized statement expressing some fundamental principle
     subtype:  mathematical_statement  a statement of a mathematical relation
        subtype:  equation  a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal
           subtype:  regression_equation__regression_of_y_on_x  the equation representing the relation between selected values of one variable (x) and observed values of the other (y); it permits the prediction of the most probable values of y
           subtype:  linear_equation  a polynomial equation of the first degree
           subtype:  quadratic_equation__quadraticequation__quadratic  an equation in which the highest power of an unknown quantity is a square
           subtype:  biquadratic_equation__biquadraticequation__biquadratic  and equation of the fourth degree
           subtype:  differential_equation  an equation containing differentials of a function
              subtype:  Maxwell's_equations  four differential equations that summarize classical properties of electromagnetic fields
              subtype:  partial_differential_equation  a differential equation involving a functions of more than one variable
              subtype:  Schrodinger_equation__Schrodinger_wave_equation  the fundamental equation of wave mechanics
              subtype:  wave_equation  a differential equation that describes the passage of harmonic waves through a medium
           subtype:  exponential_equation__exponentialequation  an equation involving exponential functions of a variable
        subtype:  formula__expression  a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement
           subtype:  sentential_function  formal expression containing variables; becomes a sentence when variables are replaced by constants
           subtype:  primitive.formula  a mathematical expression from which another expression is derived
           subtype:  exponential_expression__exponentialexpression  a mathematical expression consisting of the constant e raised to some power
     subtype:  word.statement  a brief statement; "he didn't say a word about it"
     subtype:  explanation.statement__account  a statement that explains; "he launched into a detailed explanation"; "he demanded that I give an account for my failure"
        subtype:  rationale__principle  an explanation of the working of some device in terms of laws of nature; "the principles of internal-combustion engines"
           subtype:  dialectics  a rationale for dialectical materialism based on change through the conflict of opposing forces
        subtype:  key.explanation  something crucial for explaining; "the key to development is economic integration"
        subtype:  natural_history__naturalhistory  the systematic account of natural phenomena
        subtype:  raison_d'etre.rationalization__raisond'etre  ('<' #rationalization.explanation replaced by #explanation.statement since a theory is a description, not a process)$ reason for being
        subtype:  accounting.explanation  a convincing explanation that reveals basic causes; "he was unable to give a clear accounting for his actions"
        subtype:  reason  an explanation of the cause of some phenomenon; "the reason a steady state was never reached was that the back pressure built up too slowly"
        subtype:  justification.explanation  a statement in explanation of some action or belief
           subtype:  cause.justification__reason__grounds  a justification for something existing or happening; "he had no cause to complain"; "they had good reason to rejoice"
           subtype:  vindication__defense  the justification for some act or belief; "he offered a persuasive defense of the theory"
              subtype:  apologia__apology  a formal written defense of something you believe in strongly
              subtype:  alibi  (law) a defense by an accused person purporting to show that he or she could not have committed the crime in question
              subtype:  self-justification__excuse__alibi  a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.; "he kept finding excuses to stay"; "every day he had a new alibi for not getting a job"; "his transparent self-justification was unacceptable"
        subtype:  exposition  an account that sets forth the meaning or intent of a writing or discourse; "we would have understood the play better if there had been some initial exposition of the background"
        subtype:  explication  an explanation of the meaning of something
        subtype:  gloss__glos  an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text
        subtype:  deriving__derivation__etymologizing  (historical linguistics) an explanation of the historical origins of a word or phrase
        subtype:  definition  a concise explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase or symbol
           subtype:  contextual_definition  a definition in which the term is used by embedding it in a larger expression containing its explanation; for example, "legal duty" might be defined contextually: "X has a legal duty to do Y means that X is required to do Y by a contract relationship that would be upheld in a court of law"
           subtype:  dictionary_definition  a definition that reports the standard uses of a word or phrase or symbol
           subtype:  explicit_definition  a definition that gives an exact equivalent of the term defined
           subtype:  ostensive_definition__ostensivedefinition  a definition that points out or exhibits instances of the term defined
           subtype:  recursive_definition__recursivedefinition  (mathematics) a definition of a function from which values of the function can be calculated in a finite number of steps
           subtype:  redefinition  the act of giving a new definition; "words like `conservative' require periodic redefinition"; "she provided a redefinition of his duties"
           subtype:  stipulative_definition__stipulativedefinition  a definition that is stipulated by someone and that is not a standard usage
           subtype:  formal_definition
           subtype:  informal_definition
           subtype:  partial_definition__partialdefinition
           subtype:  total_definition__totaldefinition
           subtype:  category_definition
        subtype:  interpretation  an explanation resulting from interpreting something
           subtype:  expounding__exposition  a systematic interpretation or explanation (usually written) of a specific topic
              subtype:  philosophizing  the exposition (often superficially) of a particular philosophy
                 subtype:  moralizing  the exposition (often superficially) of a particular moral code; "his constant moralizing drove me mad"
           subtype:  construal  an interpretation of the meaning of something; the act of construing
           subtype:  elucidation  an interpretation that removes obstacles to understanding; "the professor's clarification helped her to understand the textbook"
              subtype:  disambiguation  clarification that removes ambiguity
                 subtype:  lexical_disambiguation__lexicaldisambiguation  disambiguation of the sense of a polysemous word
           subtype:  exegesis  an explanation or critical interpretation (especially of the Bible)
           subtype:  expansion.interpretation__enlargement__elaboration  an interpretation that provides additional information
              subtype:  embroidery__embellishment  elaboration of an interpretation by the use of decorative (sometimes fictitious) detail; "the mystery has been heightened by many embellishments in subsequent retellings"
           subtype:  literal_interpretation__literalinterpretation  an interpretation based on the exact wording
              subtype:  letter  a strictly literal interpretation (as distinct from the intention); "he followed instructions to the letter"; "he obeyed the letter of the law"
           subtype:  version  an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint; "his version of the fight was different from mine"
              subtype:  approximation  an imprecise or incomplete account; "newspapers gave only an approximation of the actual events"
           subtype:  reading.interpretation  a particular interpretation or performance; "on that reading it was an insult"; "he was famous for his reading of Mozart"
           subtype:  construction.interpretation__twist  an interpretation of a text or action; "they put an unsympathetic construction on his conduct"
           subtype:  reconstruction.interpretation  an interpretation formed by piecing together bits of evidence
           subtype:  popularization__popularisation  an interpretation that easily understandable and acceptable
           subtype:  misinterpretation__misunderstanding__mistaking  putting the wrong interpretation on; "his misinterpretation of the question caused his error"; "there was no mistaking her meaning"
              subtype:  imbroglio  a very embarrassing misunderstanding
              subtype:  misconstrual__misconstruction  a kind of misinterpretation resulting from putting a wrong construction on words or actions (often deliberately)
              subtype:  misreading  misinterpretation caused by inaccurate reading
     subtype:  value_statement  a statement of the desirability of something
     subtype:  representation.statement  a statement of facts and reasons made in appealing or protesting; "certain representations were made concerning police brutality"
     subtype:  solution__result__answer__resolution__solvent  a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem; "they were trying to find a peaceful solution"; "the answers were in the back of the book"; "he computed the result to four decimal places"
        subtype:  denouement.result  the final resolution of the main complication of a literary or dramatic work
     subtype:  answer.statement__reply__response  a statement (either spoken or written) that is made in reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation; "I waited several days for his answer"; "he wrote replies to several of his critics"
        subtype:  rescript  a reply by a Pope to an inquiry concerning a point of law or morality
        subtype:  feedback  response to an inquiry or experiment
     subtype:  announcement__promulgation  a public statement about something that is happening or going to happen; "the announcement appeared in the local newspaper"
        subtype:  Annunciation  (Christian religion) the announcement to the Virgin Mary by the angel Gabriel of the incarnation of Christ
        subtype:  banns__bann  a public announcement (in church) of a proposed marriage
        subtype:  press_release__pressrelease__handout__release  an announcement distributed to members of the press in order to supplement or replace an oral presentation
        subtype:  notice.announcement  an announcement containing information about a future event; "you didn't give me enough notice"
           subtype:  caveat  (law) a formal notice filed with a court or officer to suspend a proceeding until filer is given a hearing: "a caveat filed against the probate of a will"
        subtype:  obituary__obit__necrology  a notice of someone's death; usually includes a short biography
        subtype:  program.announcement__programme  an announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event; "you can't tell the players without a program"
           subtype:  playbill  a theatrical program; "he couldn't find her name on the playbill"
           subtype:  racecard  a program for a race meeting; lists the races and the names of the horses
        subtype:  walking_papers  a notice of dismissal or discharge
     subtype:  foretelling__forecasting  a statement made about the future
        subtype:  prophecy__divination  a prediction uttered under divine inspiration
           subtype:  oracle.prophecy  a prophecy (usually obscure or allegorical) revealed by a priest or priestess; believed to be infallible
        subtype:  weather_forecasting__meteorology  predicting what the weather will be
        subtype:  prognosis__prognosi__forecast  a prediction about how something (as the weather) will develop
           subtype:  weather_forecast__weatherforecast__weather_outlook__weatheroutlook  a forecast of the weather
        subtype:  horoscope  a prediction of someone's future based on the relative positions of the planets
     subtype:  proposition  (logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false
        subtype:  converse  (logic) a proposition obtained by conversion
        subtype:  lemma  a subsidiary proposition that is assumed to be true in order to prove another proposition
        subtype:  theorem  a proposition deducible from basic postulates
           subtype:  binomial_theorem  a theorem giving the expansion of a binomial raised to a given power
        subtype:  conclusion.proposition  the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism
        subtype:  postulate__posit  (logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning
           subtype:  premise__premiss__premis  a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn; "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play"
              subtype:  major_premise__majorpremise__major_premiss__majorpremis  the premise of a syllogism that contains the major term (which is the predicate of the conclusion)
              subtype:  minor_premise__minorpremise__minor_premiss__minorpremis  the premise of a syllogism that contains the minor term (which is the subject of the conclusion)
              subtype:  thesis  an unproved statement put forward as a premise in an argument
              subtype:  condition.premise__precondition__stipulation  an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else
                 subtype:  boundary_condition  (math) a condition specified for the solution to a set of differential equations
                 subtype:  proviso__provision  a stipulated condition; "he accepted subject to one provision"
        subtype:  axiom  (logic) a proposition that is not susceptible of proof or disproof; its truth is assumed to be self-evident
     subtype:  falsehood__falsity__untruth__false_statement__falsestatement  a false statement
        subtype:  dodging__dodge__scheme  a statement that evades the question by cleverness or trickery
        subtype:  lie.falsehood__prevarication  a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth
           subtype:  fib__story__tarradiddle__taradiddle  a trivial lie; "he told a fib about eating his spinach"; "how can I stop my child from telling stories?"
              subtype:  cock-and-bull_story__fairytale__fairy_story__fairystory__song_and_dance  an interesting but highly implausible story; often told as an excuse
           subtype:  jactitation  a false boast that can harm others; especially a false claim to be married to someone (formerly actionable at law)
           subtype:  whopper  a gross untruth
           subtype:  white_lie__whitelie  an unimportant lie (especially one told to be tactful or polite)
        subtype:  fable__fabrication__fiction  a deliberately false or improbable account
           subtype:  canard  a deliberately misleading fabrication
        subtype:  misrepresentation__deceit__deception  a misleading falsehood
           subtype:  half-truth  a partially true statement intended to deceive or mislead
           subtype:  facade.misrepresentation__window_dressing  a showy misrepresentation intended to conceal something unpleasant
           subtype:  overstatement__exaggeration__magnification  making to seem more important than it really is
           subtype:  snow_job  a long and elaborate misrepresentation
           subtype:  feigning__pretense__pretence__dissembling  pretending with intention to deceive
              subtype:  bluff.feigning  pretense that your position is stronger than it really is; "his bluff succeeded in getting him accepted"
              subtype:  pretext__stalking-horse  something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason
                 subtype:  putoff  a pretext for delay or inaction
              subtype:  lip_service__hypocrisy  an expression of agreement that is not supported by real conviction
           subtype:  subterfuge__blind  something intended to misrepresent the true nature of an activity; "he wasn't sick--it was just a subterfuge"; "the holding company was just a blind"
           subtype:  trickery__hocus-pocus__hocuspocu__slickness__slicknes__hankypanky__jiggery-pokery__jiggerypokery__skulduggery__skullduggery  verbal misrepresentation intended to take advantage of you in some way
           subtype:  duplicity__fraudulence  a fraudulent or duplicitous representation
           subtype:  evasion.misrepresentation__equivocation  a statement that is not literally false but that cleverly avoids an unpleasant truth
              subtype:  indirect_expression__circumlocution  an indirect way of expressing something
              subtype:  doublespeak  any language that pretends to communicate but actually does not
              subtype:  hedge__hedging  an intentionally noncommittal or ambiguous statement; "when you say `maybe' you are just hedging"
              subtype:  quibble  an evasion of the point of an argument by raising irrelevant distinctions or objections
        subtype:  contradiction_in_terms__contradiction  (logic) a statement that is necessarily false; "the statement `he is brave and he is not brave' is a contradiction"
           subtype:  paradox  (logic) a self-contradiction; "I always lie"
     subtype:  understatement  a statement that is restrained in ironic contrast to what might have been said
        subtype:  litotes__litote__meiosis  understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary); "saying `I was not a little upset' when you mean `I was very upset' is an example of litotes"
     subtype:  reservation.statement__qualification  a statement that limits or restricts some claim; "he recommended her without any reservations"
        subtype:  fine_print__small_print__smallprint  the part of a contract that contains reservations and qualifications printed in small type; "don't sign a contract without reading the fine print"
        subtype:  weasel_word  an equivocal qualification; a word used to avoid making an outright assertion
     subtype:  cautious_statement  a statement made with careful qualifications
     subtype:  commentary__comment  a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material; "he wrote an extended comment on the proposal"
        subtype:  annotation__note__notation  a comment (usually added to a text); "his notes were appended at the end of the article"
           subtype:  quotation__citation__credit__reference__mention  a short note acknowledging a source of information or quoting a passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the article includes mention of similar clinical cases"
              subtype:  photo_credit__photocredit  a note acknowledging the source of a published photograph
              subtype:  cross-reference__crossreference__cross-index__crossindex  a reference at one place in a work to information at another place in the same work
           subtype:  footnote  a note placed below the text on a printed page
           subtype:  nota_bene__NB__N.B.  a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something; "the margins of his book were generously supplied with pencilled NBs"
           subtype:  postscript__PS  a note appended to a letter after the signature
     subtype:  comment__remark  a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief; "from time to time she contributed a personal comment on his account"
        subtype:  ad-lib  remark made spontaneously without prior preparation; "his ad-libs got him in trouble with the politicians"
        subtype:  courtesy.comment  a courteous or respectful or considerate remark
        subtype:  gambit.comment__ploy  an opening remark intended to secure an advantage for the speaker
        subtype:  obiter_dictum__passing_comment__passingcomment  an incidental remark
        subtype:  mention__reference  a remark that calls attention to something or someone; "she made frequent mention of her promotion"; "there was no mention of it"; "the speaker made several references to his wife"
           subtype:  allusion  passing reference or indirect mention
           subtype:  retrospection.mention  reference to things past; "the story begins with no introductory retrospections"
           subtype:  name-dropping  the practice of casually mentioning important people in order to impress your listener; "the hard thing about name-dropping is to avoid being too obvious about it"
        subtype:  observation.comment__reflection__reflexion  a remark expressing careful consideration
           subtype:  Parkinson's_law  C. Northcote Parkinson's cynical observation that the number of subordinates in an organization will increase linearly regardless of the amount of work to be done
           subtype:  Parkinson's_law.observation__parkinson'slaw  C. Northcote Parkinson's cynical observation that work will expand so as to fill the time available for its completion
        subtype:  wisecrack__crack__sally__quip  witty remark
        subtype:  jibe__shot__shaft__slam__dig__barb__gibe  an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect; "his parting shot was `drop dead'"; "she threw shafts of sarcasm"; "she takes a dig at me every chance she gets"
        subtype:  platitude__cliche__banality__commonplace__bromide  a trite or obvious remark
     subtype:  rhetorical_question  a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered; "he liked to make his points with rhetorical questions"
     subtype:  misstatement  a statement that contains a mistake
        subtype:  error__mistake  part of a statement that is not correct; "the book was full of errors"
           subtype:  corrigendum  a printer's error; to be corrected
           subtype:  misprint__erratum__typographicalerror__typo__literal_error__literalerror__literal  a mistake in printed matter resulting from mechanical failures of some kind
        subtype:  malapropism__malaprop  the unintentional misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar
        subtype:  slip_of_the_tongue  an accidental and usually trivial mistake in speaking
           subtype:  spoonerism  transposition of initial consonants in a pair of words
     subtype:  restatement  a revised statement
        subtype:  demythologization__demythologisation  the restatement of a message (as a religious one) in rational terms
        subtype:  mythologization__mythologisation  the restatement of a message as a myth
     subtype:  understanding__agreement  the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises; "they had an agreement that they would not interfere in each other's business"; "there was an understanding between management and the workers"
        subtype:  conspiracy__confederacy  a secret agreement between two or more people to perform an unlawful act
           subtype:  conspiracy_of_silence  a conspiracy not to talk about some situation or event; "there was a conspiracy of silence about police brutality"
        subtype:  covenant  (Bible) an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return
        subtype:  unilateral_contract  a one-sided agreement whereby you promise to do (or refrain from doing) something in return for a performance (not a promise)
        subtype:  sales_agreement__sale  an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer); "the salesman faxed the sales agreement to his home office"
           subtype:  conditional_sale__conditionalsale  a sale in which the buyer receives title to the property only upon the performance of some condition (usually the full payment of the purchase price)
           subtype:  sheriff's_sale__sheriff'ssale__judicial_sale__forced_sale  a sale of property by the sheriff under authority of a court's judgment in order satisfy and unpaid obligation
        subtype:  bargain.understanding__deal  an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each; "he made a bargain with the devil"; "he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals"
        subtype:  working_agreement__workingagreement  an informal agreement to work together
        subtype:  gentlemen's_agreement__gentlemen'sagreement  a personal agreement based on honor and not legally binding
        subtype:  written_agreement__writtenagreement  a legal document summarizing the agreement between parties
           subtype:  contract  a binding agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law
              subtype:  adhesion_contract__contract_of_adhesion  a contract that heavily restricts one party while leaving the other free (as some standard form printed contracts); implies inequality in bargaining power
              subtype:  aleatory_contract  a contract whose performance by one party depends on the occurrence of an uncertain contingent event (but if it is contingent on the outcome of a wager it is not enforceable)
              subtype:  bilateral_contract__bilateralcontract  a contract involving mutual promises (each part is both promisor and promisee)
              subtype:  charter.contract  a contract to hire or lease transportation
              subtype:  conditional_contract__conditionalcontract  a contract whose performance depends on a fact or event that affects legal relations
              subtype:  cost-plus_contract  a contract in which the contractor is paid his total cost plus a stated percentage of profit
              subtype:  gambling_contract  a contract whose performance by one party is contingent on the outcome of a bet; unenforceable by statute in most jurisdictions
              subtype:  lease.contract  a contract granting use or occupation of property during a specified time for a specified payment
              subtype:  marriage_contract__marriage_settlement  a prenuptial agreement or contract
              subtype:  output_contract  a contract in which you promise to deliver your entire output to the other party who promises to accept it
              subtype:  insurance_policy__insurancepolicy__policy__insurance  written contract or certificate of insurance; "you should have read the small print on your policy"
                 subtype:  floating_policy__floater  an insurance policy covering loss of movable property (e.g. jewelry) regardless of its location
              subtype:  purchase_contract__purchase_agreement  a contract stating the terms of a purchase
              subtype:  quasi_contract__quasicontract  a contract created by law for reasons of justice without any expression of assent
              subtype:  requirements_contract  a contract in which you agree to purchase all your requirements of a particular sort from one party
              subtype:  sealed_instrument__contract_under_seal__special_contract__specialcontract  a contract that is signed and has the (wax) seal of the signer attached
              subtype:  service_contract__servicecontract  a contract for maintenance services
              subtype:  severable_contract__severablecontract  a contract in which in the event of a breach by one of the parties can be considered as several independent agreements expressed in a single instrument
              subtype:  subcontract  a contract assigning to another party some obligations of a prior contract
              subtype:  partnership.contract  a contract between two or more persons who agree to pool talent and money and share profits or losses
              subtype:  articles_of_agreement__shipping_articles  a contract between crew and captain of a ship
              subtype:  concession.contract__grant  a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business: "he got the beer concession at the ball park"
                 subtype:  franchise  an authorization to sell a company's goods or services in a particular place
              subtype:  labor_contract__laborcontract__labor_agreement__laboragreement__collective_agreement  contract between labor and management government wages and benefits and working conditions
                 subtype:  yellow-dog_contract  a now-illegal labor contract whereby the employee agrees not to join a trade union
              subtype:  employment_contract__employment_agreement  contract between employer and employee
              subtype:  distribution_agreement  a contract governing the marketing of an item of merchandise
              subtype:  licensing_agreement__licensingagreement  contract giving someone the legal right to use a patent or trademark
              subtype:  merger_agreement__acquisition_agreement__acquisitionagreement  contract governing the merger of two or more companies
              subtype:  sale_in_gross__contract_of_hazard  a sale of a tract of land as a whole without a warranty as to the acreage
              subtype:  indenture  a contract binding one party into the service of another for a specified term
           subtype:  Articles_of_Confederation  a written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states; it provided a legal symbol of their union by gave the central government no coercive power over the states or their citizens
           subtype:  compact__covenant__concordat  a signed written agreement between two or more parties (nations) to perform some action
           subtype:  indenture.written_agreement  formal agreement between the issuer of bonds and the bondholders as to terms of the debt
           subtype:  obligation  a legal agreement specifying a payment or action and the penalty for failure to comply
              subtype:  indebtedness__liability__financial_obligation__financialobligation  an obligation to pay money to another party
                 subtype:  limited_liability__limitedliability  the liability of a firm's owners for no more than the capital they have invested in the firm
                 subtype:  debt.indebtedness  the state of owing money; "he is badly in debt"
                 subtype:  arrears.indebtedness__arrear  the state of being behind in payments; "an account in arrears"
                 subtype:  account_payable  a liability account showing how much is owed for goods and services purchased on credit
                 subtype:  scot_and_lot  obligations of all kinds taken as a whole
           subtype:  treaty__pact__accord  a written agreement between two states or sovereigns
              subtype:  alliance  a formal agreement establishing an association or alliance between nations or other groups to achieve a particular aim
              subtype:  peace_treaty__peacetreaty__pacification  a treaty to cease hostilities; "peace came on November 11th"
                 subtype:  Peace_of_Westphalia  the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648
              subtype:  convention.treaty  (diplomacy) an international agreement
                 subtype:  Geneva_convention  an agreement concerning the treatment of war prisoners
              subtype:  SALT_I  the first treaty between the US and USSR resulting from the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
              subtype:  SALT_II  the second treaty between the US and USSR resulting from the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
              subtype:  Treaty_of_Versailles  the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans
           subtype:  escrow  a written agreement (or property or money) delivered to a third party or put in trust by one party to a contract to be returned after fulfillment of some condition
        subtype:  entente_cordiale__ententecordiale__entente  a friendly understanding between political powers
        subtype:  oral_contract  an agreement that is not in writing and is not signed by the parties but is a real existing contract that lacks only the formal requirement of a memorandum to render it enforceable in litigation
        subtype:  settlement  a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
           subtype:  accommodation.settlement  a settlement of differences; "they reached an accommodation with Japan"
              subtype:  modus_vivendi__modusvivendi  a temporary accommodation of a disagreement between parties pending a permanent settlement
              subtype:  compromise  an accommodation in which both sides make concessions; "the newly elected congressmen rejected a compromise because they considered it `business as usual'"
                 subtype:  Missouri_Compromise  an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories
           subtype:  conclusion.settlement  a final settlement; "the conclusion of a business deal"; "the conclusion of the peace treaty"
           subtype:  out-of-court_settlement  resolution of a dispute prior to the rendering of a final decision by the trial court
           subtype:  property_settlement  (matrimonial law) the division of property owned or acquired by marriage partners during their marriage
           subtype:  accord_and_satisfaction  the settlement of a debt by paying less than the amount demanded in exchange for extinguishing the debt
        subtype:  severance_agreement__severanceagreement  an agreement on the terms on which an employee will leave
           subtype:  golden_handshake  a lucrative severance agreement offered to an employee (usually as an incentive to retire)
        subtype:  suicide_pact__suicidepact  an agreement by two or more people to commit suicide together at a given place and time; "the two lovers killed themselves in a suicide pact"
     subtype:  condition.statement__term  (usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement; "the contract set out the conditions of the lease"; "the terms of the treaty were generous"
     subtype:  estimate.statement  a statement indicating the likely cost of some job; "he got an estimate from the car repair shop"
     subtype:  chemical_formula__formula  a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements
        subtype:  molecular_formula__molecularformula  a chemical formula based on analysis and molecular weight
           subtype:  structural_formula  an expanded molecular formula showing the arrangement of atoms within the molecule
        subtype:  empirical_formula__empiricalformula  a chemical formula showing the ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms
     subtype:  assurance.statement  a statement intended to inspire confidence; "the President's assurances were not respected"
     subtype:  recital.statement  a detailed statement giving facts and figures; "his wife gave a recital of his infidelities"
  subtype:  statement.subject_matter  a nonverbal message; "a Cadillac makes a statement about who you are"; "his tantrums are a statement of his need for attention"
  subtype:  treacle  a message that is excessively sweet and sentimental
  subtype:  wit__humor__humour__witticism__wittiness__wittines  a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter
     subtype:  jeu_d'esprit__jeud'esprit  a witty comment or writing
     subtype:  bon_mot__bonmot  a clever remark
     subtype:  sarcasm__irony__caustic_remark__causticremark  witty language used to convey insults or scorn; "he used sarcasm to upset his opponent"; "irony is wasted on the stupid"
     subtype:  repartee  adroitness and cleverness in reply
        subtype:  banter__raillery__give-and-take__backchat  light teasing repartee
           subtype:  badinage  frivolous banter
           subtype:  persiflage  light teasing
     subtype:  joke__gag__laugh__jest__jape__yak  a humorous anecdote or remark
        subtype:  belly_laugh__bellylaugh__sidesplitter__howler__thigh-slapper__thighslapper__scream__wow__riot  a joke that seems extremely funny
        subtype:  dirty_joke__dirtyjoke__dirty_story__dirtystory__blue_joke__blue_story  an indelicate joke
        subtype:  ethnic_joke  a joke at the expense of some ethnic group
        subtype:  funny_story__funnystory__good_story  an account of an amusing incident (usually with a punch line)
        subtype:  in-joke  a joke that is appreciated only by members of some particular group of people
        subtype:  one-liner__oneliner  a one-line joke
        subtype:  shaggy_dog_story  a long rambling joke whose humor derives from its pointlessness
        subtype:  sick_joke  a joke in bad taste
        subtype:  sight_gag__sightgag__visual_joke  a joke whose effect is achieved by visual means rather than by speech (as in a movie)
     subtype:  caricature__imitation__impersonation  a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect
        subtype:  lampoon__parody__spoof__sendup__mockery__burlesque__charade__pasquinade__put-on__puton  a composition that imitates somebody's style in a humorous way
     subtype:  cartoon__sketch  a humorous or satirical drawing published in a newspaper or magazine
        subtype:  comic_strip__cartoon_strip__cartoonstrip__strip  a sequence of drawings in a newspaper telling a story
     subtype:  fun.wit__play__sport  verbal wit (often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously); "he became a figure of fun"
        subtype:  jocosity__jocularity  fun characterized by humor
        subtype:  waggishness__waggishnes  waggish behavior
        subtype:  clowning__drollery__comedy__funniness__funnines  a comic incident or series of incidents
        subtype:  pun__punning__wordplay__paronomasia  a humorous play on words; "I do it for the pun of it"; "his constant punning irritated her"
     subtype:  ribaldry  ribald humor
     subtype:  topper.wit  an exceedingly good witticism that surpasses all that have gone before
  subtype:  opinion__view  a message expressing a belief about something; "his opinions appeared frequently on the editorial page"
     subtype:  guess__gues__supposition__surmisal__speculation__hypothesi  a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
     subtype:  side.opinion__position  an opinion that is held in opposition to another in an argument or dispute; "there are two sides to every question"
  subtype:  instruction__direction  a message describing how something is to be done; "he gave directions faster than she could follow them"
     subtype:  religious_rule__religiousrule__rule  a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order; "the rule of St. Dominic"
     subtype:  prescript__rule  prescribed guide for conduct or action
        subtype:  bylaw__byelaw  a rule made by a local authority to regulate its own affairs
        subtype:  rubric  an authoritative rule of conduct or procedure
        subtype:  rules_of_order__order__parliamentary_law__parliamentarylaw__parliamentary_procedure__parliamentaryprocedure  a body of rules followed by an assembly
           subtype:  interpellation  a procedure (in some parliaments) of demanding that a government official explain some act or policy
           subtype:  standing_order  a rule of order permanently in force
           subtype:  cloture__closure__gagrule  a rule for ending debate in a deliberative body
              subtype:  closure_by_compartment__guillotine  closure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill
           subtype:  point_of_order  a question as to whether the current proceedings are allowed by parliamentary procedure
           subtype:  previous_question  a motion calling for an immediate vote on the main question under discussion by a deliberative assembly
        subtype:  rule_of_evidence  a rule of law whereby any alleged matter of fact that is submitted for investigation at a judicial trial is established or disproved
           subtype:  best_evidence_rule  a rule of evidence requiring that to prove the content of a writing or recording or photograph the original is required
           subtype:  estoppel  a rule of evidence whereby a person is barred from denying the truth of a fact that has already been settled
           subtype:  exclusionary_rule  a rule that provides that otherwise admissible evidence cannot be used in a criminal trial if it was the result of illegal police conduct
           subtype:  fruit_of_the_poisonous_tree  a rule that once primary evidence is determined to have been illegally obtained any secondary evidence following from it may also not be used
           subtype:  hearsay_rule__hearsayrule  a rule that declares not admissible as evidence any statement other than that by a witness
           subtype:  parol_evidence_rule  a rule that oral evidence cannot be used to contradict the terms of a written contract
           subtype:  res_ipsa_loquitur  a rule of evidence whereby the negligence of an alleged wrongdoer can be inferred from the fact that the accident happened
        subtype:  precept  rule of personal conduct
           subtype:  higher_law  a principle that takes precedent over the laws of society
           subtype:  moral_principle__moralprinciple  the principle that conduct should be moral
              subtype:  categorical_imperative__categoricalimperative  the moral principle that behavior should be determined by duty
           subtype:  hypothetical_imperative  a principle stating the action required to attain a desired goal
           subtype:  caveat_emptor  a commercial principle that without a warranty the buyer takes upon himself the risk of quality
        subtype:  golden_rule  any important rule; "the golden rule of teaching is to be clear"
        subtype:  GIGO  (computer science) a rule stating that the quality of the output is a function of the quality of the input; put garbage in and you get garbage out
        subtype:  dictate.prescript  an authoritative rule
        subtype:  regulation__ordinance  an authoritative rule
           subtype:  age_limit__agelimit  regulation establishing the maximum age for doing something or holding some position
           subtype:  assize.regulation  the regulation of weights and measures of articles offered for sale
           subtype:  speed_limit__speedlimit  regulation establishing the top speed permitted on a given road
        subtype:  canon  a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field or art or philosophy: "the neoclassical canon"; "canons of polite society"
        subtype:  etiquette  rules governing socially acceptable behavior
           subtype:  protocol.etiquette  forms of ceremony and etiquette observed by diplomats and heads of state
           subtype:  punctilio.etiquette  a fine point of etiquette or petty formality
        subtype:  communications_protocol__protocol  (computer science) rules determining the format and transmission of data
           subtype:  file_transfer_protocol__ftp__FTP  (computer science) protocol that allows users to copy files between their local system and any system they can reach on the network
              subtype:  anonymous_ftp__anonymousftp__anonymous_file_transfer_protocol  a common way to make software available; users are allowed to log in as `guest' without a password and copy whatever has been made available
           subtype:  hypertext_transfer_protocol__HTTP  a protocol (utilizing TCP) to transfer hypertext requests and information between servers and browsers
           subtype:  musical_instrument_digital_interface__MIDI  a standard protocol for communication between electronic musical instruments and computers
           subtype:  TCP__transmission_control_protocol  a protocol developed for the internet to get data from one network device to another; "TCP uses a retransmission strategy to insure that data will not be lost in transmission"
           subtype:  TCP/IP__transmission_control_protocol/internet_protocol  a set of protocols (including TCP) developed for the internet in the 1970s to get data from one network device to another
           subtype:  CMIP  common management information protocol
           subtype:  SMTP  simple mail transfer protocol
     subtype:  rubric.instruction  directions for the conduct of Christian church services (often printed in red in a prayer book)
     subtype:  misdirection.instruction  incorrect directions or instructions
     subtype:  name_and_address__address__addres  written directions for finding some location; written on letters or packages that are to be delivered to that location
        subtype:  poste_restante__posterestante  an address written on mail that is to be held at the post office until called for (not in US or Canada)
        subtype:  return_address  the address of the sender of a letter or parcel indicating where it should be returned if it cannot be delivered
     subtype:  markup  detailed stylistic instructions for typesetting something that is to be printed; manual markup is usually written on the copy (e.g. underlining words that are to be set in italics)
     subtype:  prescription  directions prescribed beforehand; the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions; "I tried to follow her prescription for success"
     subtype:  recipe__formula  directions for making something
     subtype:  game_rule__rule  directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted; "he knew the rules of chess"
        subtype:  ground_rule  a special rule (as in baseball) dealing with situations that arise due to the nature of the playing grounds
     subtype:  stage_direction__stagedirection  an instruction written as part of the script of a play
     subtype:  style.instruction  editorial directions to be followed in spelling and punctuation and capitalization and typographical display
     subtype:  system_command  a computer user's instruction (not part of a program) that calls for action by the computer's executive program
  subtype:  proposal  something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)
     subtype:  advice  a proposal for an appropriate course of action
        subtype:  recommendation  something (as a course of action) that is recommended
           subtype:  referral.recommendation  a recommendation to consult the (professional) person referred to; "this patient is a referral from Dr. Bones"
        subtype:  admonition__monition__warning__word_of_advice  cautionary advice
           subtype:  deterrent_example__deterrentexample__example__lesson__object_lesson  punishment intended as a warning to others; "they decided to make an example of him"
     subtype:  counterproposal  a proposal offered as an alternative to an earlier proposal
     subtype:  hypothesis  a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations
     subtype:  proffer__suggestion__proposition  a proposal offered for acceptance or rejection
        subtype:  intimation__hint__breath  an indirect suggestion; "not a breath of scandal ever touched her"
        subtype:  touch.proffer__trace__ghost  a suggestion of some quality; "there was a touch of sarcasm in his tone"; "he detected a ghost of a smile on her face"
        subtype:  overture.proffer__advance__feeler  a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others; "she rejected his advances"
     subtype:  introduction.proposal  a new proposal; "they resisted the introduction of impractical alternatives"
     subtype:  re-introduction  a proposal of something previously rejected; "they avoided a re-introduction of the old terminology"
     subtype:  motion.proposal__question  a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote; "he made a motion to adjourn"; "she called for the question"
  subtype:  offer__offering  something offered (as a proposal or bid); "noteworthy new offerings for investors included several index funds"
     subtype:  contract_offer  offer by an employer to contract to pay an employee at a given rate
     subtype:  marriage_proposal__proposal_of_marriage__marriage_offer__proposal  an offer of marriage
        subtype:  question  an informal reference to a marriage proposal; "he was ready to pop the question"
     subtype:  counteroffer  an offer made by someone who has rejected a prior offer
     subtype:  bid.offer__tender  a formal proposal to buy at a specified price
        subtype:  overbid  a bid that is higher than preceding bids
        subtype:  buyout_bid  a bid to buy all of a person's holdings
     subtype:  tender_offer  an offer to buy shares in a corporation (usually above the market price) for cash or securities or both
        subtype:  takeover_bid  an offer to buy shares in order to take over the company
           subtype:  two-tier_bid  a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to pay more for the shares needed to gain control than for the remaining shares
           subtype:  any-and-all_bid__anyandallbid  a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to buy any and all shares outstanding
     subtype:  reward.offer  the offer of money for helping to find a criminal or for returning lost property
        subtype:  price.reward  a reward for helping to catch a criminal; "the cattle thief has a price on his head"
     subtype:  special  a special offering (usually temporary and at a reduced price) that is featured in advertising; "they are having a special on pork chops"
     subtype:  peace_offering__peaceoffering__olive_branch__olivebranch  something offered to an adversary in the hope of obtaining peace
     subtype:  twofer.offer  an offer of two for the price of one
  subtype:  submission.subject_matter__entry  a message submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition); "several of his submissions were rejected by publishers"
     subtype:  filing.submission  the entering of a legal document into the public record; "he filed a complaint"; "he filed his tax return"
  subtype:  publicity__promotion__promotional_material__promotionalmaterial  a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution
     subtype:  public_relations  a promotion intended to create goodwill for a person or institution
     subtype:  blurb__endorsement  a promotional statement (as found on the dust jackets of books)
     subtype:  ballyhoo__hoopla__hype__plug  blatant or sensational promotion
     subtype:  sales_talk__salestalk__sales_pitch__pitch  promotion by means of an argument and demonstration
     subtype:  ad__advertisement__advertizement__advertising__advertizing__advert  a public promotion of some product or service
        subtype:  top_billing  the advertisement of a star's name at the top of a theatrical poster
        subtype:  prevue__preview  an advertisement consisting of short scenes from a motion picture that will appear in the near future
        subtype:  advertorial  an advertisement that is written and presented in the style of an editorial or journalistic report
        subtype:  mailer.ad  an advertisement that is sent by mail
        subtype:  newspaper_ad__newspaperad__newspaper_advertisement__newspaperadvertisement  a printed advertisement that is published in a newspaper
           subtype:  want_ad  a newspaper advertisement stating what is wanted
        subtype:  commercial_message__commercial  a commercially sponsored ad on radio or television
           subtype:  infomercial  a television commercial presented in the form of a short documentary
        subtype:  circular__handbill__bill__broadside__broadsheet__flier__flyer__throwaway  an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution; "he mailed the circular to all subscribers"
           subtype:  stuffer  a advertising circular that is enclosed with other material and (usually) sent by mail
     subtype:  sales_promotion__salespromotion  promotion that supplements or coordinates advertising
  subtype:  sensationalism  subject matter that is calculated to excite and please vulgar tastes
  subtype:  shocker  a sensational message (in a film or play or novel)

50 statements are about indirect instances of subject_matter: graph1_on_publication, graph1_on_report, graph35_on_article, graph1_on_article, graph2_on_article, graph3_on_article, graph4_on_article, graph5_on_article, graph6_on_article, graph7_on_article, graph8_on_article, graph9_on_article, graph10_on_article, graph11_on_article, graph12_on_article, graph13_on_article, graph14_on_article, graph15_on_article, graph16_on_article, graph17_on_article, graph18_on_article, graph1_on_PhD_thesis, graph1_on_book, graph19_on_article, graph20_on_article, graph21_on_article, graph22_on_article, graph23_on_article, graph24_on_article, graph2_on_PhD_thesis, graph25_on_article, graph26_on_article, graph27_on_article, graph28_on_article, graph29_on_article, graph30_on_article, graph3_on_PhD_thesis, graph31_on_article, graph32_on_article, graph33_on_article, graph34_on_article, graph1_on_insurance, graph1_on_insurance, graph1_on_description, graph1_on_file, graph1_on_written_material, graph1_on_research_staff, graph1_on_ontology, graph7_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, graph1_on_f.modave@gu.edu.au click here to display them or click here for a search form or here to add a statement

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