#spermatophyte__phanerogam__seed_plant  plant that reproduces by means of seeds not spores
  supertype:  #vascular_plant__tracheophyte  green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
  subtype:  #seedling  young plant or tree grown from a seed
  subtype:  #balsam  any seed plant yielding balsam
  subtype:  #gymnosperm  plants of the class Gymnospermae having seeds not enclosed in an ovary
     subtype:  #progymnosperm  an ancestral fossil type from which modern gymnosperms are thought to have derived
     subtype:  #welwitschia__Welwitschia_mirabilis  curious plant of arid regions of southwestern Africa having a yard-high and yard-wide trunk like a turnip with a deep taproot and two large persistent woody straplike leaves growing from the base; living relic of a flora long disappeared; some may be 700-5000 years old
     subtype:  #cycad  any tropical gymnosperm of the order Cycadales; having unbranched stems with a crown of fernlike leaves
        subtype:  #Cycas_revoluta__sago_palm  dwarf palmlike cycad of Japan that yields sago
           subtype:  #false_sago__falsesago__fern_palm__Cycas_circinalis  southeastern Indian cycad with palmlike foliage
        subtype:  #zamia  any of various cycads of the genus Zamia; among the smallest and most verdant cycads
           subtype:  #coontie__Florida_arrowroot__Seminole_bread__Zamia_pumila  small tough woody zamia of Florida and West Indies and Cuba; roots and half-buried stems yield an arrowroot
        subtype:  #ceratozamia  a small cycad of the genus Ceratozamia having a short scaly woody trunk and fernlike foliage and woody cones; Mexico
        subtype:  #dioon  any cycad of the genus Dioon; handsome palmlike cycads with robust crowns of leaves and rugged trunks
        subtype:  #encephalartos__encephalarto  any of numerous cycads of the genus Encephalartos having stout cylindrical trunks and a terminal crown of long often spiny pinnate leaves
        subtype:  #kaffir_bread__Encephalartos_caffer  South African cycad; the farinaceous pith of the fruit used as food
        subtype:  #macrozamia  any treelike cycad of the genus Macrozamia having erect trunks and pinnate leaves and large cones with sometimes edible nuts; Australia
        subtype:  #Macrozamia_communis__burrawong  large attractive palmlike evergreen cycad of New South Wales
        subtype:  #burrawong__Macrozamia_spiralis  large attractive palmlike evergreen cycad of New South Wales
     subtype:  #seed_fern__pteridosperm  an extinct seed-producing fernlike plant of the order Cycadofilicales (or group Pteridospermae)
  subtype:  #angiosperm__flowering_plant__floweringplant  plants having seeds in a closed ovary
     subtype:  #angiocarp  tree bearing fruit enclosed in a shell or involucre or husk
     subtype:  #dicot__dicotyledon  flowering plant with two cotyledons
        subtype:  #jiqui__malpighiaobovata  cuban timber tree with hard wood very resistant to moisture
        subtype:  #barbados_cherry__acerola__Surinam_cherry__West_Indian_cherry__Malpighia_glabra  tropical American shrub bearing edible acid red fruit resembling cherries
        subtype:  #family_Cyrilliaceae__Cyrilliaceae__cyrilla_family__cyrillafamily__titi_family  shrubs and trees with leathery leaves and small white flowers in racemes: genera Cyrilla and Cliftonia
     subtype:  #monocot__liliopsid  a monocotyledonous flowering plant
     subtype:  #flower  a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms
        subtype:  #bloomer  a flower that blooms in a particular way; "a night bloomer"
        subtype:  #peony__paeony  any of numerous plants widely cultivated for their showy single or double red or pink or white flowers
        subtype:  #lesser_celandine__pilewort__Ranunculus_ficaria  perennial herb native to Europe but naturalized elsewhere having heart-shaped leaves and yellow flowers resembling buttercups; its tuberous roots have been used as a poultice to relieve piles
        subtype:  #pheasant's-eye__Adonis_annua  Eurasian herb cultivated for its dark-centered deep red flowers
        subtype:  #anemone__windflower  any woodland plant of the genus Anemone grown for its beautiful flowers and whorls of dissected leaves
           subtype:  #Alpine_anemone__mountain_anemone__Anemone_tetonensis  silky-foliaged herb of Rocky Mts with bluish-white flowers
           subtype:  #Canada_anemone__Anemone_Canadensis  common summer-flowering woodland herb of Labrador to Colorado
           subtype:  #thimbleweed__Anemone_cylindrica  a common North American anemone with cylindrical fruit clusters resembling thimbles
              subtype:  #longheaded_thimbleweed__Anemone_riparia  thimbleweed of northern North America
              subtype:  #Virginia_thimbleweed__Anemone_virginiana  thimbleweed of central and eastern North America
           subtype:  #Anemone_nemorosa__wood_anemone  European anemone with solitary white flowers common in deciduous woodlands
           subtype:  #wood_anemone__snowdrop__Anemone_quinquefolia  common anemone of eastern North America with solitary pink-tinged white flowers
           subtype:  #snowdrop_anemone__snowdrop_windflower__Anemone_sylvestris  Eurasian herb with solitary nodding fragrant white flowers
        subtype:  #rue_anemone__Anemonella_thalictroides  woodland flower native to eastern North America having cup-shaped flowers reminiscent of anemone but more delicate
        subtype:  #columbine__aquilege  a plant of the genus Aquilegia having irregular showy spurred flowers; north temperate regions especially mountains
           subtype:  #meeting_house__meetinghouse__honeysuckle__aquilegiacanadensi  columbine of eastern North America having long-spurred red flowers
           subtype:  #blue_columbine__Aquilegia_coerulia__Aquilegia_scopulorum_calcarea  columbine of Rocky Mts having long-spurred blue flowers
           subtype:  #granny's_bonnets__Aquilegia_vulgaris  common European columbine having variously colored (white or blue to purple or red) short-spurred flowers; naturalized in United States
        subtype:  #rocket_larkspur__Consolida_ambigua__Delphinium_ajacis  commonly cultivated larkspur of southern Europe having unbranched spikelike racemes of blue or sometimes purplish or pinkish flowers; sometime placed in genus Delphinium
        subtype:  #delphinium  any plant of the genus Delphinium having palmately divided leaves and showy spikes of variously colored spurred flowers; some contain extremely poisonous substances
           subtype:  #larkspur  any of numerous cultivated plants of the genus Delphinium
        subtype:  #nigella  any plant of the genus Nigella
           subtype:  #Nigella_damascena__love-in-a-mist  European garden plant having finely cut leaves and white or pale blue flowers
           subtype:  #fennel_flower__Nigella_hispanica  nigella of Spain and southern France
           subtype:  #black_caraway__blackcaraway__nutmeg_flower__Roman_coriander__Nigella_sativa  herb of the Mediterranean region having pungent seeds used like those of caraway
        subtype:  #spathiphyllum__peace_lily__peacelily__spathe_flower  any of various plants of the genus Spathiphyllum having a white or green spathe and a spite of fragrant flowers and often cultivated as an ornamental
        subtype:  #calla_lily__callalily__calla__arum_lily__Zantedeschia_aethiopica  South African plant widely cultivated for its showy pure white spathe and yellow spadix
           subtype:  #pink_calla__Zantedeschia_rehmanii  calla having a rose-colored spathe
           subtype:  #golden_calla  any of several callas of the genus Zantedeschia having yellow spathes
        subtype:  #sandwort  low-growing chiefly perennial plants usually with small white flowers suitable for e.g. rock gardens
           subtype:  #mountain_sandwort__mountain_starwort__mountain_daisy__Arenaria_groenlandica  boreal or alpine sandwort
           subtype:  #pine-barren_sandwort__longroot__Arenaria_caroliniana  deep-rooted perennial of southeastern United States
           subtype:  #seabeach_sandwort__Arenaria_peploides  perennial succulent herb with small solitary axillary or terminal flowers
           subtype:  #rock_sandwort__Arenaria_stricta  low perennial tufted plant of southeastern North America
           subtype:  #thyme-leaved_sandwort__Arenaria_serpyllifolia  Eurasian annual sprawling plant naturalized throughout North America
        subtype:  #garden_pink__pink  any of various flowers of plants of the genus Dianthus cultivated for their fragrant flowers
           subtype:  #sweet_William__Dianthus_barbatus  Eurasian pink widely cultivated for its flat-topped dense clusters of varicolored flowers
           subtype:  #clove_pink__clovepink__carnation__Dianthus_caryophyllus  Eurasian plant with pink to purple-red spice-scented usually double flowers; widely cultivated in many varieties and many colors
           subtype:  #china_pink__chinapink__rainbowpink__dianthuschinensi  Chinese pink with deeply toothed rose-lilac flowers with a purplish eye; usually raised as an annual
              subtype:  #Japanese_pink__Dianthus_chinensis_heddewigii  very free-flowering variety distinguished by jagged-edged petals
           subtype:  #maiden_pink__Dianthus_deltoides  low-growing loosely mat-forming Eurasian pink with single crimson-eyed pale pink flowers
           subtype:  #cheddar_pink__cheddarpink__Diangus_gratianopolitanus  mat-forming perennial of central Europe with large fragrant pink or red flowers
           subtype:  #button_pink__Dianthus_latifolius  much-branched pink with flowers in clusters; closely related to sweet William
           subtype:  #cottage_pink__cottagepink__grasspink__dianthusplumariu  European pink cultivated for its very fragrant pink or rosy flowers
           subtype:  #fringed_pink__fringedpink__dianthussupurbu  Eurasian perennial pink having fragrant lilac or rose flowers with deeply fringed margins
        subtype:  #baby's_breath__babies'-breath__babies'breath__Gypsophila_paniculata  tall plant with small lance-shaped leaves and numerous tiny white or pink flowers
        subtype:  #lychnis__lychni__catchfly  mostly perennial herbs with sticky stems that catch insects; widespread in north temperate zone
           subtype:  #ragged_robin__cuckoo_flower__Lychnis_flos-cuculi__Lychins_floscuculi  common perennial native to Europe and western Asia having usually pink flowers with ragged petals
           subtype:  #scarlet_lychnis__scarletlychni__maltese_cross__maltesecros__Lychins_chalcedonica  Eurasian garden perennial having scarlet flowers in dense terminal heads
           subtype:  #mullein_pink__mulleinpink__rose_campion__gardener's_delight__dusty_miller__dustymiller__lychniscoronaria  an old cottage garden plant of southeastern Europe widely cultivated for its attractive white woolly foliage and showy crimson flowers
        subtype:  #Moehringia_lateriflora__sandwort  low-growing herb having clusters of small white-flowers 4-petaled flowers
        subtype:  #Moehringia_mucosa__sandwort  loosely matted plant with mosslike foliage studded with tiny starry 4-petaled white blossoms; mountains of central and southern Europe
        subtype:  #soapwort__hedge_pink__hedgepink__bouncing_Bet__bouncing_Bess__Saponaria_officinalis  plant of European origin having pink or white flowers and leaves yielding a detergent when bruised
        subtype:  #silene__campion__catchfly  any plant of the genus Silene
           subtype:  #moss_campion__Silene_acaulis  tuft- or mat-forming dwarf perennial of arctic regions of western and central Europe and North America
           subtype:  #wild_pink__Silene_caroliniana  perennial of eastern and central North America having short-stalked pink or white flowers in hairy clusters
           subtype:  #red_campion__red_bird's_eye__Silene_dioica__Lychnis_dioica  biennial European catchfly having red or pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Lychnis
           subtype:  #white_campion__whitecampion__evening_lychnis__white_cockle__whitecockle__bladdercampion__Silene_latifolia__Lychnis_alba  bluish-green herb having sticky stems and clusters of large evening-opening white flowers with much-inflated calyx; sometimes placed in genus Lychnis
           subtype:  #fire_pink__Silene_virginica  perennial herb of eastern North America, having red flowers with narrow notched petals
           subtype:  #bladder_campion__Silene_uniflora__Silene_vulgaris  perennial of arctic Europe having large white flowers with inflated calyx
        subtype:  #cowherb__cow_cockle__cowcockle__Vaccaria_hispanica__Vaccaria_pyramidata__Saponaria_vaccaria  European annual with pale rose-colored flowers; cultivated flower or self-sown grainfield weed; introduced in North America; sometimes classified as a soapwort
        subtype:  #fig_marigold__figmarigold__pebbleplant  any of several South African plants of the genus Mesembryanthemum cultivated for showy pink or white flowers
           subtype:  #ice_plant__iceplant__icicle_plant__Mesembryanthemum_crystallinum  Old World annual widely naturalized in warm regions having white flowers and fleshy foliage covered with hairs that resemble ice
        subtype:  #globe_amaranth__globeamaranth__bachelor's_button__Gomphrena_globosa  tropical American herb having rose to red or purple flowers that can be dried without losing color
        subtype:  #scarlet_musk_flower__Nyctaginia_capitata  viscid branched perennial of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico having tuberous roots and deep red flowers
        subtype:  #umbrellawort  a plant of the genus Mirabilis
        subtype:  #four_o'clock  any of several plants of the genus Mirabilis having flowers that open in late afternoon
           subtype:  #common_four-o'clock__marvel-of-Peru__Mirabilis_jalapa__Mirabilis_uniflora  common garden plant of North America having fragrant red or purple or yellow or white flowers that open in late afternoon
           subtype:  #California_four_o'clock__Mirabilis_laevis__Mirabilis_californica  California four o'clock with purple-red flowers
           subtype:  #sweet_four_o'clock__maravilla__Mirabilis_longiflora  leafy wildflower having fragrant slender white or pale pink trumpet-shaped flowers; southwestern United States and northern Mexico
           subtype:  #desert_four_o'clock__Colorado_four_o'clock__maravilla__Mirabilis_multiflora  wildflower having vibrant deep pink tubular evening-blooming flowers; found in sandy and desert areas from southern California to southern Colorado and into Mexico
           subtype:  #mountain_four_o'clock__Mirabilis_oblongifolia  leafy wildflower with lavender-pink flowers that open in the evening and remain through cool part of the next day; found in open woods or brush in mountains of southern Colorado to Arizona and into Mexico
        subtype:  #portulaca  a plant of the genus Portulaca having pink or red or purple or white ephemeral flowers
           subtype:  #rose_moss__sun_plant__sunplant__Portulaca_grandiflora  widely cultivated in many varieties for its fleshy mosslike foliage and profusion of brightly colored flowers
        subtype:  #Carolina_spring_beauty__Claytonia_caroliniana  similar to Claytonia virginica but having usually pink flowers; eastern North America
        subtype:  #spring_beauty__Clatonia_lanceolata  small slender plant having one pair of succulent leaves at the middle of the stem and a loose raceme of white or pink or rose bowl-shaped flowers and an edible corm
        subtype:  #Virginia_spring_beauty__Claytonia_virginica  small cormous perennial grown for its low rosette of succulent foliage and racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; eastern North America
        subtype:  #Cheiranthus_cheiri__wallflower__Erysimum_cheiri  perennial of southern Europe having clusters of fragrant flowers of all colors especially yellow and orange; often naturalized on old walls or cliffs; sometimes placed in genus Erysimum
        subtype:  #prairie_rocket__prairierocket  any of several western American plants of the genus Cheiranthus having large yellow flowers
        subtype:  #wallflower  any of numerous plants of the genus Erysimum having fragrant yellow or orange or brownish flowers
           subtype:  #Siberian_wall_flower__Erysimum_allionii__Cheiranthus_allionii  showy erect biennial or short-lived perennial cultivated for its terminal racemes of orange-yellow flowers; sometimes placed in genus Cheiranthus
        subtype:  #prairie_rocket.flower__prairierocket  any of several North American plants of the genus Erysimum having large yellow flowers
        subtype:  #western_wall_flower__Erysimum_asperum__Cheiranthus_asperus__Erysimum_arkansanum  biennial or short-lived perennial prairie rocket having orange-yellow flowers; western North America to Minnesota and Kansas; sometimes placed in genus Cheiranthus
        subtype:  #heliophila  any of various South African herbs and subshrubs cultivated for long showy racemes of bright blue flowers with white eyes
        subtype:  #damask_violet__Dame's_violet__sweet_rocket__sweetrocket__Hesperis_matronalis  long-cultivated herb having flowers whose scent is more pronounced in the evening; naturalized throughout Europe to Siberia and into North America
        subtype:  #candytuft  any of various flowering plants of the genus Iberis cultivated for their showy clusters of white to red or purple flowers; native to Mediterranean region
        subtype:  #sweet_alyssum__sweetalyssum__sweet_alison__sweetalison__Lobularia_maritima  perennial European plant having clusters of small fragrant usually white flowers; widely grown in gardens
        subtype:  #Malcolm_stock__stock  any of various ornamental flowering plants of the genus Malcolmia
        subtype:  #Virginian_stock__Virginia_stock__Malcolmia_maritima  erect branching herb cultivated for its loose racemes of fragrant white or pink or red or lilac flowers; native to sands and sea cliffs of southwestern Greece and southern Albania
        subtype:  #gillyflower  any of several Old World plants cultivated for their brightly colored flowers
           subtype:  #brompton_stock__Matthiola_incana  European plant with racemes of sweet-scented flowers; widely cultivated as an ornamental
        subtype:  #schizopetalon__Schizopetalon_walkeri  a dainty South American annual having deeply pinnatifid leaves and racemes of fringed almond-scented purple-white flowers
        subtype:  #poppy  annual or biennial or perennial herbs having showy flowers
           subtype:  #Papaver_alpinum__Iceland_poppy  Old World alpine poppy with white or yellow to orange flowers
           subtype:  #western_poppy__westernpoppy__Papaver_californicum  showy annual of California with red flowers
           subtype:  #Papaver_argemone__prickly_poppy__pricklypoppy  annual Old World poppy with orange-red flowers and bristly fruit
           subtype:  #Iceland_poppy__arctic_poppy__Papaver_nudicaule  subarctic perennial poppy of both hemispheres having fragrant white or yellow to orange or peach flowers
           subtype:  #oriental_poppy__Papaver_orientale  commonly cultivated Asiatic perennial poppy having stiff heavily haired leaves and bright scarlet or pink to orange flowers
           subtype:  #corn_poppy__field_poppy__Flanders_poppy__Papaver_rhoeas  annual European poppy common in grain fields and often cultivated
           subtype:  #opium_poppy__Papaver_somniferum  southwestern Asian herb with grayish leaves and white or reddish flowers; source of opium
           subtype:  #greater_celandine__greatercelandine__celandine__swallow_wort__swallowwort__chelidoniummaju  perennial herb with branched woody stock and bright yellow flowers
           subtype:  #California_poppy__Eschscholtzia_californica  of Pacific coast of North America; widely cultivated for its yellow to red flowers
           subtype:  #golden_cup__Mexican_tulip_poppy__Hunnemania_fumariifolia  native of Mexican highlands grown for its glossy clear yellow flowers and blue-gray finely dissected foliage
           subtype:  #plume_poppy__plumepoppy__bocconia__Macleaya_cordata  herb of China and Japan widely cultivated for its plumelike panicles of creamy white flowers
           subtype:  #blue_poppy__Meconopsis_betonicifolia  Chinese perennial having mauve-pink to bright sky blue flowers in drooping cymes
           subtype:  #Welsh_poppy__Meconopsis_cambrica  widely cultivated west European plant with showy pale yellow flowers
           subtype:  #creamcups__creamcup__Platystemon_californicus  California plant with small pale yellow flowers
           subtype:  #wind_poppy__flaming_poppy__flamingpoppy__Stylomecon_heterophyllum__Papaver_heterophyllum  California wild poppy with bright red flowers
           subtype:  #celandine_poppy__wood_poppy__Stylophorum_diphyllum  perennial here native to woodland of the eastern United States having yellow flowers
        subtype:  #corydalis__corydali  a plant of the genus Corydalis with beautiful compound foliage and spurred tubular flowers
        subtype:  #horn_poppy__horned_poppy__yellow_horned_poppy__sea_poppy__seapoppy__Glaucium_flavum  yellow-flowered Eurasian glaucous herb naturalized in along sandy shores in eastern North America
        subtype:  #composite_plant__compositeplant__composite  considered the most highly evolved dicotyledonous plants, characterized by florets arranged in dense heads that resemble single flowers
           subtype:  #compass_plant__compassplant__compass_flower__compassflower  any of several plants having leaves so arranged on the axis as to indicate the cardinal points of the compass
              subtype:  #prickly_lettuce__pricklylettuce__horse_thistle__horsethistle__Lactuca_serriola__Lactuca_scariola  European annual wild lettuce having prickly stems; a troublesome weed in parts of United States
              subtype:  #rosinweed__Silphium_laciniatum  North American perennial having a resinous odor and yellow flowers
              subtype:  #wyethia__Wyethia_ovata  low tufted white-woolly yellow-flowered herb of California
           subtype:  #everlasting_flower__everlastingflower__everlasting  any of various plants of various genera of the family Compositae having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color
              subtype:  #pink-and-white_everlasting__pink_paper_daisy__Acroclinium_roseum  flower of southwestern Australia having bright pink daisylike papery flowers; grown for drying
              subtype:  #pearly_everlasting__cottonweed__Anaphalis_margaritacea  American everlasting having foliage with soft wooly hairs and corymbose heads with pearly white bracts
              subtype:  #cudweed  any of numerous plants of the genus Gnaphalium having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color
                 subtype:  #chafeweed__wood_cudweed__Gnaphalium_sylvaticum  weedy perennial of north temperate regions having woolly foliage and dirty white flowers in a leafy spike
              subtype:  #golden_everlasting__strawflower__yellow_paper_daisy__Helichrysum_bracteatum  Australian plant naturalized in Spain having flowers of lemon yellow to deep gold; the choice everlasting of dried-flower lovers
              subtype:  #strawflower  any of various plants of the genus Helipterum
              subtype:  #cascade_everlasting__cascadeeverlasting__Ozothamnus_secundiflorus__Helichrysum_secundiflorum  shrub with white woolly branches and woolly leaves having fragrant flowers forming long sprays; flowers suitable for drying; sometimes placed in genus Helichrysum
              subtype:  #Swan_River_everlasting__rhodanthe__Rhodanthe_manglesii__Helipterum_manglesii  Australian annual everlasting having light pink nodding flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Helipterum
              subtype:  #immortelle__Xeranthemum_annuum  mostly widely cultivated species of everlasting flowers having usually purple flowers; southern Europe to Iran; naturalized elsewhere
           subtype:  #stinking_mayweed__mayweed__dog_fennel__dogfennel__stinking_chamomile__Anthemis_cotula  widespread rank-smelling weed having white-rayed flower heads with yellow discs
           subtype:  #yellow_chamomile__golden_marguerite__dyers'_chamomile__Anthemis_tinctoria  Eurasian perennial herb with hairy divided leaves and yellow flowers; naturalized in North America
           subtype:  #corn_chamomile__field_chamomile__corn_mayweed__Anthemis_arvensis  European white-flowered weed naturalized in North America
           subtype:  #oxeye_daisy__Leucanthemum_maximum__Chrysanthemum_maximum  similar to oxeye daisy
           subtype:  #shasta_daisy__Leucanthemum_superbum__Chrysanthemum_maximum_maximum  hybrid garden flower derived from Chrysanthemum maximum and Chrysanthemum lacustre having large white flower heads resembling oxeye daisies; often placed in the genus Chrysanthemum
           subtype:  #Pyrenees_daisy__Leucanthemum_lacustre__Chrysanthemum_lacustre  perennial of Portugal similar to the oxeye daisy
           subtype:  #dusty_miller__dustymiller__silverlace__Tanacetum_ptarmiciflorum__Chrysanthemum_ptarmiciflorum  shrubby perennial of the Canary Islands having white flowers and leaves and hairy stems covered with dustlike down; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
           subtype:  #tansy__golden_buttons__scented_fern__scentedfern__tanacetumvulgare  common perennial aromatic herb native to Eurasia having buttonlike yellow flower heads and bitter-tasting pinnate leaves sometimes used medicinally
           subtype:  #crownbeard__crown_beard__crownbeard  any plant of the genus Verbesina having clustered white or yellow flower heads
              subtype:  #wingstem__golden_ironweed__yellow_ironweed__golden_honey_plant__Verbesina_alternifolia__Actinomeris_alternifolia  perennial herb with showy yellow flowers; the eastern United States
              subtype:  #cowpen_daisy__golden_crownbeard__golden_crown_beard__butter_daisy__Verbesina_encelioides__Ximenesia_encelioides  coarse grayish green annual yellow-flowered herb; southwestern United States to Mexico
              subtype:  #gravelweed__Verbesina_helianthoides  perennial herb with yellow flowers; southern and south central United States
              subtype:  #Virginia_crownbeard__frostweed__verbesinavirginica  tall perennial herb having clusters of white flowers; the eastern United States
        subtype:  #ageratum  any plant of the genus Ageratum having opposite leaves and small heads of blue or white flowers
           subtype:  #common_ageratum__Ageratum_houstonianum  small tender herb grown for its fluffy brushlike blue to lavender blooms
        subtype:  #Amberboa_moschata__sweet_sultan__sweetsultan__Centaurea_moschata  Asian plant widely grown for its sweetly fragrant pink flowers; sometimes placed in genus Centaurea
        subtype:  #ammobium  any plant of the genus Ammobium having yellow flowers and silvery foliage
           subtype:  #winged_everlasting__Ammobium_alatum  Australian plant widely cultivated for its beautiful silvery-white blooms with bright yellow centers on long winged stems
        subtype:  #African_daisy  any of several plants of the genus Arctotis having daisylike flowers
        subtype:  #blue-eyed_African_daisy__Arctotis_stoechadifolia__Arctotis_venusta  bushy perennial of South Africa with white or violet flowers; in its native region often clothes entire valley sides in a sheet of color
        subtype:  #aster  any of various chiefly fall-blooming herbs of the genus Aster with showy daisylike flowers
           subtype:  #wood_aster  any of several asters of eastern North America usually growing in woods
              subtype:  #heart-leaved_aster__Aster_cordifolius  perennial wood aster of eastern North America
              subtype:  #white_wood_aster__Aster_divaricatus  rhizomatous perennial wood aster of eastern North America with white flowers
              subtype:  #large-leaved_aster__Aster_macrophyllus  tufted perennial wood aster of North America; naturalized in Europe
           subtype:  #whorled_aster__whorledaster__Aster_acuminatus  North American perennial with apparently whorled leaves and showy white purple-tinged flowers
           subtype:  #Aster_arenosus__heath_aster__heathaster  common North American perennial with heathlike foliage and small white flower heads
           subtype:  #bushy_aster__bushyaster__Aster_dumosus  stiff perennial of the eastern United States having small linear leaves and numerous tiny white flower heads
           subtype:  #heath_aster__heathaster__Aster_ericoides__asterericoide  common much-branched North American perennial with heathlike foliage and small starry white flowers
           subtype:  #white_prairie_aster__whiteprairieaster__Aster_falcatus  perennial of western North America having white flowers
           subtype:  #stiff_aster__stiffaster__Aster_linarifolius  wiry tufted perennial of the eastern United States with stiff erect rough stems, linear leaves and large violet flowers
           subtype:  #goldilocks_aster__goldilocks__Aster_linosyris__asterlinosyri__Linosyris_vulgaris  early-flowering perennial of southern and southeastern Europe with flower heads resembling those of goldenrod
           subtype:  #New_England_aster__Aster_novae-angliae  common perennial of eastern North America having showy purplish flowers; a parent of the Michaelmas daisy
           subtype:  #Michaelmas_daisy__New_York_aster__Aster_novi-belgii  North American perennial herb having small autumn-blooming purple or pink or white flowers; widely naturalized in Europe
           subtype:  #upland_white_aster__Aster_ptarmicoides  tufted rigid North American perennial with loose clusters of white flowers
           subtype:  #Short's_aster__Aster_shortii  perennial of southeastern United States having usually blue flowers
           subtype:  #sea_aster__seaaster__sea_starwort__seastarwort__astertripolium  a common European salt-marsh aster
           subtype:  #prairie_aster__prairieaster__Aster_turbinellis  violet-flowered perennial aster of central United States having solitary heads
           subtype:  #annual_salt-marsh_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #aromatic_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #arrow_leaved_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #azure_aster__azureaster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #bog_aster__bogaster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #crooked-stemmed_aster__crookedstemmedaster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #Eastern_silvery_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #flat-topped_white_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #late_purple_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #panicled_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #perennial_salt_marsh_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #purple-stemmed_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #rough-leaved_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #rush_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #Schreiber's_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #small_white_aster__smallwhiteaster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #smooth_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #southern_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #starved_aster__starvedaster__calico_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #tradescant's_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #wavy-leaved_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #Western_silvery_aster  a variety of aster
           subtype:  #willow_aster  a variety of aster
        subtype:  #daisy  any of numerous composite plants having flower heads with well-developed ray flowers usually arranged in a single whorl
           subtype:  #common_daisy__English_daisy__Bellis_perennis  low-growing Eurasian plant with yellow central disc flowers and pinkish-white outer ray flowers
        subtype:  #Swan_River_daisy__Brachycome_Iberidifolia  western Australian annual much cultivated for its flower heads with white or bluish to violet or variegated rays
        subtype:  #calendula  any of numerous chiefly annual herbs of the genus Calendula widely cultivated for their yellow or orange flowers; often used for medicinal and culinary purposes
           subtype:  #common_marigold__pot_marigold__potmarigold__ruddles__ruddle__Scotch_marigold__Calendula_officinalis  the common European annual marigold
        subtype:  #China_aster__Callistephus_chinensis  valued for their beautiful flowers in a wide range of clear bright colors; grown primarily for cutting
        subtype:  #catananche  any of several plants of the genus Catananche having long-stalked heads of blue or yellow flowers
           subtype:  #blue_succory__cupid's_dart__cupid'sdart__Catananche_caerula  south European plant having dark-eyed flowers with flat blue rays
        subtype:  #bachelor's_button__cornflower__bluebottle__Centaurea_cyanus  an annual Eurasian plant cultivated in North America having showy heads of blue or purple or pink or white flowers
        subtype:  #sweet_sultan__sweetsultan__Centaurea_imperialis  perennial of mountains of Iran and Iraq; cultivated for its fragrant rose-pink flowers
        subtype:  #chrysanthemum  any of numerous perennial Old World herbs having showy brightly colored flower heads of the genera Chrysanthemum; Argyranthemum; Dendranthema; Tanacetum; widely cultivated
           subtype:  #corn_marigold__field_marigold__fieldmarigold__Chrysanthemum_segetum  European herb with bright yellow flowers; a common weed in grain fields
           subtype:  #crown_daisy__crowndaisy__Chrysanthemum_coronarium  shrubby annual of the Mediterranean region with yellowish-white flowers
           subtype:  #tong_ho__chop-suey_greens__shun_giku__Chrysanthemum_coronarium_spatiosum  grown for its succulent edible leaves used in Oriental cooking
           subtype:  #florist's_chrysanthemum__florist'schrysanthemum__florists'_chrysanthemum__florists'chrysanthemum__mum__Dendranthema_grandifloruom__Chrysanthemum_morifolium  of China
        subtype:  #mistflower__ageratum__Conoclinium_coelestinum__Eupatorium_coelestinum  rhizomatous plant of central and southeastern United States and West Indies having large showy heads of clear blue flowers; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
        subtype:  #cosmos  any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously colored flowers and pinnate leaves; popular fall-blooming annuals
        subtype:  #brass_buttons__Cotula_coronopifolia  South African herb with golden-yellow globose flower heads; naturalized in moist areas along coast of California; cultivated as an ornamental
        subtype:  #billy_buttons__billybutton  any of various plants of the genus Craspedia grown for their downy foliage and globose heads of golden flowers; Australia and New Zealand
        subtype:  #dahlia__Dahlia_pinnata  any of several plants of or developed from the species Dahlia pinnata having tuberous roots and showy rayed variously colored flower heads; native to the mountains of Mexico and Central America and Colombia
        subtype:  #cape_marigold__sun_marigold__sunmarigold__star_of_the_veldt  any of several South African plants grown for the profusion of usually yellow daisylike flowers and mounds of aromatic foliage
        subtype:  #coneflower  any of various perennials of the eastern United States having thick rough leaves and long-stalked showy flowers with drooping rays and a conelike center
        subtype:  #blue_daisy__blue_marguerite__Felicia_amelloides  hairy South African or Australian subshrub with blue-rayed daisylike flowers
        subtype:  #kingfisher_daisy__Felicia_bergeriana  softly hairy South African herb having flowers with bright blue rays
        subtype:  #cotton_rose__cudweed  any plant of the genus Filago having capitate clusters of small woolly flower heads
           subtype:  #herba_impia__herbaimpia__Filago_germanica  (literally an undutiful herb) a variety of cotton rose
        subtype:  #gazania  any plant of the genus Gazania valued for their showy daisy flowers
           subtype:  #treasure_flower__Gazania_rigens  decumbent South African perennial with short densely leafy stems and orange flower rays with black eyespots at base
        subtype:  #African_daisy.flower__africandaisy  African or Asiatic herbs with daisylike flowers
           subtype:  #Barberton_daisy__Transvaal_daisy__Gerbera_jamesonii  widely cultivated South African perennial having flower heads with orange to flame-colored rays
        subtype:  #sunflower__helianthus  any plant of the genus Helianthus having large flower heads with dark disk florets and showy yellow rays
           subtype:  #swamp_sunflower__swampsunflower__Helianthus_angustifolius  sunflower of eastern North America having narrow leaves and found in bogs
           subtype:  #common_sunflower__mirasol__helianthusannuu  annual sunflower grown for silage and for its seeds which are a source of oil; common throughout United States and much of North America
           subtype:  #giant_sunflower__tall_sunflower__Indian_potato__Helianthus_giganteus  very tall American perennial of central and the eastern United States to Canada having edible tuberous roots
           subtype:  #showy_sunflower__Helianthus_laetiflorus  tall rough-leaved perennial with a few large flower heads; central United States
           subtype:  #Maximilian's_sunflower__Helianthus_maximilianii  tall perennial of central United States to Canada having golden-yellow flowers
           subtype:  #prairie_sunflower__prairiesunflower__Helianthus_petiolaris  similar to the common sunflower with slender usually branching stems common in central United States
           subtype:  #Jerusalem_artichoke_sunflower__Jerusalem_artichoke__girasol__helianthustuberosu  tall perennial with hairy stems and leaves; widely cultivated for its large irregular edible tubers
        subtype:  #tidytips__tidy_tips__Layia_platyglossa  California annual having flower heads with yellow rays tipped with white
        subtype:  #ox-eyed_daisy__oxeye_daisy__marguerite__moon_daisy__white_daisy__whitedaisy__Leucanthemum_vulgare__Chrysanthemum_leucanthemum  tall leafy-stemmed Eurasian perennial with white flowers; widely naturalized; often placed in genus Chrysanthemum
        subtype:  #Texas_star__Lindheimera_texana  Texas annual with coarsely pinnatifid leaves; cultivated for its showy radiate yellow flower heads
        subtype:  #yellow_ageratum__African_daisy__Lonas_inodora__Lonas_annua  shrub of southwestern Mediterranean region having yellow daisylike flowers
        subtype:  #cineraria__Pericallis_cruenta__Senecio_cruentus  herb of Canary Islands widely cultivated for its blue or purple or red or variegated daisylike flowers
        subtype:  #florest's_cineraria__florest'scineraria__Pericallis_hybrida  herb derived from Pericallis cruenta and widely cultivated in a variety of profusely flowering forms with florets from white to pink to red or purple or violet or blue; sometimes placed in genus Cineraria
        subtype:  #coneflower.flower  any of various plants of the genus Rudbeckia cultivated for their large usually yellow daisies with prominent central cones
           subtype:  #black-eyed_Susan__Rudbeckia_hirta__Rudbeckia_serotina  the state flower of Maryland; of central and southeastern United States; having daisylike flowers with dark centers and yellow to orange rays
           subtype:  #cutleaved_coneflower__cutleavedconeflower__Rudbeckia_laciniata  tall leafy plant with erect branches ending in large yellow flower heads with downward-arching rays; grow in Rocky Mountains south to Arizona and east to the Atlantic coast
              subtype:  #golden_glow__double_gold__hortensia__Rudbeckia_laciniata_hortensia  very tall branching herb with showy much-doubled yellow flower heads
        subtype:  #white-topped_aster  herb having corymbose white-rayed flowers with scaly bracts and silky indehiscent fruits
           subtype:  #narrow-leaved_white-topped_aster  a variety of white-topped aster
        subtype:  #stokes'_aster__stokes'aster__cornflower_aster__Stokesia_laevis  erect perennial of southeastern United States having large heads of usually blue flowers
        subtype:  #marigold  any of various tropical American plants of the genus Tagetes widely cultivated for their showy yellow or orange flowers
           subtype:  #African_marigold__big_marigold__bigmarigold__Aztec_marigold__Tagetes_erecta  a stout branching annual with large yellow to orange flower heads; Mexico and Central America
           subtype:  #French_marigold__Tagetes_patula  strong-scented bushy annual with orange or yellow flower heads marked with red; Mexico and Guatemala
        subtype:  #painted_daisy__painteddaisy__pyrethrum__Tanacetum_coccineum__Chrysanthemum_coccineum  spring-flowering garden perennial of Asiatic origin having finely divided aromatic leaves and white to pink-purple flowers; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
        subtype:  #Mexican_sunflower__tithonia  any plant of the genus Tithonia; tall coarse herbs or shrubs of Mexico to Panama having large flower heads resembling sunflowers with yellow disc florets and golden-yellow to orange-scarlet rays
        subtype:  #Easter_daisy__stemless_daisy__Townsendia_Exscapa  dwarf tufted nearly stemless herb having a rosette of woolly leaves and large white-rayed flower heads and bristly achenes; central Canada and United States west to Arizona
        subtype:  #ursinia  any of various plants of the genus Ursinia grown for their yellow- or orange- or white-rayed flowers
        subtype:  #xeranthemum  any plant of the genus Xeranthemum native to southern Europe having chaffy or silvery flower heads with purplish tubular flowers
        subtype:  #zinnia__old_maid__oldmaid__old_maid_flower  any of various plants of the genus Zinnia cultivated for their variously and brightly colored flower heads
           subtype:  #white_zinnia__whitezinnia__Zinnia_acerosa  subshrub with slender woolly stems and long narrow leaves and flower heads with white rays; southern United States and northern Mexico
           subtype:  #little_golden_zinnia__Zinnia_grandiflora  subshrub having short leafy stems and numerous small flower heads with nearly round yellow-orange rays; Arizona south to Mexico and east to Kansas
        subtype:  #Mentzelia_livicaulis__blazing_star__blazingstar__mentzelialaevicauli  biennial of southwestern United States having lustrous-white stems and toothed leaves grown for its large pale yellow flowers that open in early morning
        subtype:  #bartonia__Mentzelia_lindleyi  annual grown especially for its fragrant golden nocturnal flowers
        subtype:  #orchid__orchidaceous_plant  any of numerous plants of the orchid family usually having flowers of unusual shapes and beautiful colors
           subtype:  #orchis  any of various deciduous terrestrial orchids having fleshy tubers and flowers in erect terminal racemes
              subtype:  #male_orchis__early_purple_orchid__Orchis_mascula  Eurasian orchid with showy pink or purple flowers in a loose spike
              subtype:  #Orchis_papilionaceae__butterfly_orchid__butterflyorchid__butterflyorchi  Mediterranean orchid having usually purple flowers with a fan-shaped spotted or striped rose-red lip
              subtype:  #showy_orchis__purple_orchis__purple-hooded_orchis__Orchis_spectabilis  North American orchid having a spike of violet-purple flowers mixed with white; sepals and petals form a hood
           subtype:  #aerides__aeride  any orchid of the genus Aerides
           subtype:  #angrecum  any of various spectacular orchids of the genus Angraecum having 2-ranked dark green leathery leaves and usually nocturnally scented white or ivory flowers
           subtype:  #jewel_orchid__jewelorchid  any of several delicate Asiatic orchids grown especially for their velvety leaves with metallic white or gold veining
           subtype:  #puttyroot__adam-and-eve__Aplectrum_hyemale  North American orchid bearing a single leaf and yellowish-brown flowers
           subtype:  #arethusa  any of several bog orchids of the genus Arethusa having 1 or 2 showy flowers
              subtype:  #bog_rose__bogrose__wild_pink__dragon's_mouth__Arethusa_bulbosa  a bog orchid with usually a solitary fragrant magenta pink blossom with a wide-gaping corolla; Canada
           subtype:  #bletia  any of various orchids of the genus Bletia having pseudo-bulbs and erect leafless racemes of large purple or pink flowers
           subtype:  #Bletilla_striata__Bletia_striata  Japanese orchid with white-striped leaves and slender erect racemes of rose to magenta flowers; often cultivated; sometimes placed in genus Bletia
           subtype:  #brassavola  any of various tropical American orchids with usually solitary fleshy leaves and showy white to green nocturnally fragrant blossoms solitary or in racemes of up to 7
           subtype:  #Brassia_lawrenceana__spider_orchid  South American orchid with spiderlike pale-yellow to pale-green flowers
           subtype:  #Brassia_verrucosa__spider_orchid  Central American orchid having spiderlike flowers with prominent green warts
           subtype:  #caladenia  any of various orchids of the genus Caladenia
              subtype:  #zebra_orchid__zebraorchid__Caladenia_cairnsiana  orchid with red-tinged linear leaves and panicle of purple-marked pale-yellow flowers with deep red or purple lip; southwestern Australia
           subtype:  #calanthe  any of various showy orchids of the genus Calanthe having white or yellow or rose-colored flowers and broad leaves folded lengthwise
           subtype:  #grass_pink__grasspink__calopogonpulchellum__Calopogon_tuberosum  an orchid
           subtype:  #calypso__fairyslipper__Calypso_bulbosa  rare north temperate bog orchid bearing a solitary white to pink flower marked with purple at the tip of an erect reddish stalk above 1 basal leaf
           subtype:  #jumping_orchid__jumpingorchid__Catasetum_macrocarpum  orchid having both male and female flowers in the same raceme; when a sensitive projection at the base of the column of the male flower is touched the pollen is suddenly ejected
           subtype:  #cattleya  any orchid of the genus Cattleya characterized by a hood-shaped three-lobed lip enclosing the column; among the most popular and most extravagantly beautiful orchids known
           subtype:  #helleborine  any of several orchids of the genus Cephalanthera
              subtype:  #red_helleborine__redhelleborine__Cephalanthera_rubra  orchid of Mediterranean and Asia having a lax spike of bright rose-pink flowers
           subtype:  #spreading_pogonia__spreadingpogonia__funnel-crest_rosebud_orchid__Cleistes_divaricata__Pogonia_divaricata  orchid of northeastern United States with magenta-pink flowers having funnel-shaped lip; sometimes placed in genus Pogonia
           subtype:  #rosebud_orchid__rosebudorchid__Cleistes_rosea__Pogonia_rosea  orchid of central and northern South America having 1- to 3-blossomed racemes of large showy rose-colored flowers; sometimes placed in genus Pogonia
           subtype:  #satyr_orchid__satyrorchid__Coeloglossum_bracteatum  orchid with broad ovate leaves and long-bracted green very irregular flowers
           subtype:  #Coeloglossum_viride__frog_orchid  orchid having hooded long-bracted green to yellow-green flowers suffused with purple
           subtype:  #coelogyne  any of various orchids of the genus Coelogyne with: clusters of fragrant lacy snow-white flowers; sinister salmon-pink solitary flowers; chainlike racemes of topaz and chocolate brown flowers; spikes of delicate white spice-scented flowers; emerald green flowers marked with blue-black
           subtype:  #coral_root__coralroot  a wildflower of the genus Corallorhiza growing from a hard mass of rhizomes associated with a fungus that aids in absorbing nutrients from the forest floor
              subtype:  #spotted_coral_root__spottedcoralroot__Corallorhiza_maculata  common coral root having yellowish- or reddish- or purplish-brown leafless stems bearing loose racemes of similarly colored flowers with white purple-spotted lips; Guatemala to Canada
              subtype:  #striped_coral_root__stripedcoralroot__Corallorhiza_striata  nearly leafless wildflower with erect reddish-purple stems bearing racemes of pale pinkish and brownish-striped flowers; western Canada to Mexico
              subtype:  #early_coral_root__earlycoralroot__pale_coral_root__Corallorhiza_trifida  plant having clumps of nearly leafless pale yellowish to greenish stems bearing similarly colored flowers with white lower lips; northern New Mexico north through South Dakota and Washington to Alaska
           subtype:  #helmetflower__helmet_orchid  any of several orchids of the genus Coryanthes having racemes of a few musky-scented waxy flowers with a helmet-shaped lip process
           subtype:  #swan_orchid__swanflower__swanneck  any of several orchids of the genus Cycnoches having slender arching columns of flowers suggesting the neck of a swan
           subtype:  #cymbid__cymbidium  any of various plants of the genus Cymbidium having narrow leaves and a long drooping cluster of numerous showy and variously colored boat-shaped flowers; extensively hybridized and cultivated as houseplants and important florists' flowers
           subtype:  #cypripedia  a plant or flower of the genus Cypripedium
           subtype:  #lady's_slipper__lady-slipper__ladies'_slipper__ladies'slipper__slipper_orchid__slipperorchid  any of several chiefly American wildflowers having an inflated pouchlike lip; difficult or impossible to cultivate in the garden
              subtype:  #moccasin_flower__nerveroot__Cypripedium_acaule  once common rose pink woodland orchid of eastern North America
              subtype:  #common_lady's-slipper__showy_lady's-slipper__showy_lady_slipper__Cypripedium_reginae__Cypripedium_album  pale pink wild orchid of northeastern America having an inflated pouchlike lip
              subtype:  #ram's-head_lady's_slipper__ram's-head__ram'shead__Cypripedium_arietinum  orchid of northern North America having a brownish-green flower and red-and-white lip suggestive of a ram's head
              subtype:  #yellow_lady's_slipper__yellow_lady-slipper__Cypripedium_calceolus__Cypripedium_parviflorum  maroon to purple-brown orchid with yellow lip; Europe, North America and Japan
                 subtype:  #large_yellow_lady's_slipper__Cypripedium_calceolus_pubescens  plant of eastern and central North America having slightly fragrant purple-marked greenish-yellow flowers
              subtype:  #California_lady's_slipper__Cypripedium_californicum  often having many yellow-green orchids with white pouches growing along streams and seeps of southwestern Oregon and northern California
              subtype:  #clustered_lady's_slipper__Cypripedium_fasciculatum  clusters of several short stems each having 2 broad leaves and 2-4 drooping brownish to greenish flowers with pouches mottled with purple; British Columbia to central California and northern Colorado
              subtype:  #mountain_lady's_slipper__Cypripedium_montanum  leafy plant having a few stems in a clump with 1 white and dull purple flower in each upper leaf axil; Alaska to northern California and Wyoming
           subtype:  #marsh_orchid__marshorchid  any of several orchids of the genus Dactylorhiza having fingerlike tuberous roots; Europe and Mediterranean region
           subtype:  #common_spotted_orchid__Dactylorhiza_fuchsii__Dactylorhiza_maculata_fuchsii  European orchid having lanceolate leaves spotted purple and pink to white or mauve flowers spotted or lined deep red or purple
           subtype:  #dendrobium  a plant of the genus Dendrobium having stems like cane and usually showy racemose flowers
           subtype:  #disa  any orchid of the genus Disa; beautiful orchids with dark green leaves and usually hooded flowers; much prized as emblematic flowers in their native regions
           subtype:  #phantom_orchid__phantomorchid__snow_orchid__Eburophyton_austinae  waxy white nearly leafless plant with stems in clusters and racemes of white flowers; northwestern United States to northern California and east to Idaho
           subtype:  #tulip_orchid__tuliporchid__Encyclia_citrina__Cattleya_citrina  Mexican epiphytic orchid with glaucous gray-green leaves and lemon- to golden-yellow flowers appearing only partially opened; sometimes placed in genus Cattleya
           subtype:  #Encyclia_tampensis__butterfly_orchid__butterflyorchid__epidendrumtampense  orchid of Florida and the Bahamas having showy brightly colored flowers; sometimes placed in genus Epidendrum
           subtype:  #butterfly_orchis__butterfly_orchid__butterflyorchid__epidendrumvenosum__Encyclia_venosa  Mexican epiphytic orchid having pale green or yellow-green flowers with white purple-veined lip
           subtype:  #epidendron  any of various orchids of the genus Epidendrum
           subtype:  #helleborine.orchid  any of various orchids of the genus Epipactis
              subtype:  #Epipactis_helleborine  European orchid with spikes of green and pinkish or purplish flowers
              subtype:  #stream_orchid__chatterbox__giant_helleborine__gianthelleborine__Epipactis_gigantea  orchid growing along streams or ponds of western North America having leafy stems and 1 greenish-brown and pinkish flower in the axil of each upper leaf
           subtype:  #tongueflower  orchid having blue to purple flowers with tongue- or strap-shaped protuberances (calli) at the lip base
           subtype:  #rattlesnake_plantain__rattlesnakeplantain__helleborine  any of several small temperate and tropical orchids having mottled or striped leaves and spikes of small yellowish-white flowers in a twisted raceme
           subtype:  #fragrant_orchid__Gymnadenia_conopsea  European orchid having dense spikes of fragrant pink or lilac or red flowers with conspicuous spurs
           subtype:  #short-spurred_fragrant_orchid__Gymnadenia_odoratissima  similar to Gymnadenia conopsea but with smaller flowers on shorter stems and having much shorter spurs
           subtype:  #fringed_orchis__fringed_orchid__fringedorchid  any of several summer-flowering American orchids distinguished by a fringed or lacerated lip
              subtype:  #white_fringed_orchis__white_fringed_orchid__whitefringedorchid__Habenaria_albiflora  bog orchid of eastern North America with a spike of pure white fringed flowers
              subtype:  #Habenaria_fimbriata__purple-fringed_orchid__purple-fringed_orchis  North American orchid similar to Habenaria psycodes with larger paler flowers
              subtype:  #Hooker's_orchid__Habenaria_hookeri  a long-spurred orchid with base leaves and petals converging under the upper sepal
              subtype:  #ragged_orchid__ragged_orchis__ragged-fringed_orchid__green_fringed_orchis__Habenaria_lacera  fringed orchid of the eastern United States having a greenish flower with the lip deeply lacerate
              subtype:  #prairie_orchid__prairieorchid__prairiewhitefringedorchi__Habenaria_leucophaea  orchid of boggy or wet lands of north central United States having racemes of very fragrant creamy or greenish white flowers
              subtype:  #snowy_orchid__snowyorchid__Habenaria_nivea  slender fringed orchid of eastern North America having white flowers
              subtype:  #purple_fringeless_orchid__purple_fringeless_orchis__Habenaria_peramoena  orchid of northeastern and alpine eastern North America closely related to the purple fringed orchids but having rosy-purple or violet flowers with denticulate leaf divisions
              subtype:  #purple-fringed_orchid__purple-fringed_orchis__Habenaria_psycodes  North American orchid with clusters of fragrant purple fringed flowers
           subtype:  #frog_orchid  any of several green orchids of the genus Habenaria
           subtype:  #rein_orchid__rein_orchis  any of several American wildflowers with a kidney-shaped lip
              subtype:  #bog_rein_orchid__bog_candles__bogcandle__Habenaria_dilatata  orchid with spikes of many fragrant white flowers on erect leafy stems; of wet or boggy ground through most of the West and northern North America
              subtype:  #elegant_Habenaria__Habenaria_elegans  slender inland rein orchid similar to coastal rein orchid but with pale greenish-yellow flowers
              subtype:  #coastal_rein_orchid__Habenaria_greenei  stout orchid of central California to northern Washington having racemes of white fragrant bilaterally symmetrical flowers
              subtype:  #round-leaved_rein_orchid__Habenaria_orbiculata  orchid having a raceme of large greenish-white flowers on a single flower stalk growing between two elliptic or round basal leaves lying on the ground; from northern Oregon and Montana across Canada to the eastern United States
              subtype:  #Alaska_rein_orchid__Habenaria_unalascensis  similar to coastal rein orchid but with smaller flowers; Alaska to Baja California and east to the Dakotas and Colorado
           subtype:  #crested_coral_root__crestedcoralroot__Hexalectris_spicata  orchid with yellowish-brown flowers with dark veins; southeastern Arizona to the eastern United States
           subtype:  #Texas_purple_spike__Hexalectris_warnockii  orchid with slender nearly leafless reddish-brown stems with loose racemes of reddish-brown flowers; of open brushy woods of southeastern Arizona and central Texas
           subtype:  #lizard_orchid__Himantoglossum_hircinum  an orchid of the genus Himantoglossum
           subtype:  #laelia  any of various spectacular plants of the genus Laelia having showy flowers in many colors
           subtype:  #liparis__lipari  an orchid of the genus Liparis having few leaves and usually fairly small yellow-green or dull purple flowers in terminal racemes
           subtype:  #twayblade  an orchid of the genus Liparis having a pair of leaves
           subtype:  #fen_orchid__fenorchid__fen_orchis__Liparis_loeselii  small terrestrial orchid of eastern North America and Europe having two nearly basal leaves and dull yellow-green racemose flowers
           subtype:  #broad-leaved_twayblade__Listera_convallarioides  small orchid with two elliptic leaves and a slender raceme of small green flowers; western North America
           subtype:  #lesser_twayblade__Listera_cordata  orchid having two triangular leaves and a short lax raceme of green to rust-colored flowers with the lip flushed mauve; Europe and Asia and North America and Greenland
           subtype:  #Listera_ovata__twayblade  orchid having a pair of ovate leaves and a long slender raceme of green flowers sometimes tinged red-brown; Europe to central Asia
           subtype:  #green_adder's_mouth__greenadder'smouth__Malaxis-unifolia__Malaxis_ophioglossoides  North American orchid having a solitary leaf and flowers with threadlike petals
           subtype:  #masdevallia  any of numerous orchids of the genus Masdevallia; tufted evergreen often diminutive plants whose flowers in a remarkable range of colors usually resemble a tricorn with sepals fused at the base to form a tube
           subtype:  #maxillaria  any of numerous orchids of the genus Maxillaria often cultivated for their large brilliantly colored solitary flowers
           subtype:  #pansy_orchid__pansyorchid  any of various orchids of the genus Miltonia having solitary or loosely racemose showy broadly spreading flowers
           subtype:  #odontoglossum  any of numerous and diverse orchids of the genus Odontoglossum having racemes of few to many showy usually large flowers in many colors
           subtype:  #oncidium__dancing_lady_orchid__butterfly_plant__butterfly_orchid__butterflyorchid  any orchid of the genus Oncidium: characterized by slender branching sprays of small yellow and brown flowers; often grown as houseplants
           subtype:  #bee_orchid__beeorchid__ophrysapifera  European orchid whose flowers resemble bumble bees in shape and color
           subtype:  #Ophrys_insectifera__fly_orchid__flyorchid__Ophrys_muscifera  European orchid whose flowers resemble flies
           subtype:  #spider_orchid  any of several European orchids of the genus Ophrys
              subtype:  #early_spider_orchid__Ophrys_sphegodes  spring-blooming spider orchid having a flower with yellow or green or pink sepals and a broad brown velvety lip
           subtype:  #Venus'_slipper__Venus's_slipper__Venus's_shoe  any of various orchids of the genus Paphiopedilum having slender flower stalks bearing 1 to several waxy flowers with pouchlike lips
           subtype:  #phaius  an orchid of the genus Phaius having large plicate leaves and racemes of showy flowers
           subtype:  #moth_orchid__moth_plant  any of various orchids of the genus Phalaenopsis having often drooping glossy broad obovate or oval leaves usually dark green flushed purple or mottled gray and silver
              subtype:  #butterfly_plant__Phalaenopsis_amabilis  orchid having large elliptic to obovate fleshy leaves and fragrant pink-and-white flowers dotted with red
           subtype:  #rattlesnake_orchid__rattlesnakeorchid  any of various orchids of the genus Pholidota having numerous white to brown flowers in spiraling racemes clothed in slightly inflated bracts and resembling a rattlesnake's tail
           subtype:  #lesser_butterfly_orchid__Platanthera_bifolia__Habenaria_bifolia  south European orchid having fragrant greenish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Habenaria
           subtype:  #greater_butterfly_orchid__greaterbutterflyorchid__Platanthera_chlorantha__Habenaria_chlorantha  south European orchid with dark green flowers that are larger and less fragrant than Platanthera bifolia; sometimes placed in genus Habenaria
           subtype:  #prairie_white-fringed_orchid__prairiewhitefringedorchid__Platanthera_leucophea  of central North America; a threatened species
           subtype:  #tangle_orchid  an orchid of the genus Plectorrhiza having tangled roots and long wiry stems bearing lax racemes of small fragrant green flowers
           subtype:  #Indian_crocus  any of several dwarf orchids of the genus Pleione bearing 1 or 2 solitary slender-stalked white or pink to magenta or occasionally yellow flowers
           subtype:  #pleurothallis__pleurothalli  any of numerous small tufted orchids of the genus Pleurothallis having leathery to fleshy leaves and racemes of 1 to many small flowers
           subtype:  #pogonia  any hardy bog orchid of the genus Pogonia: terrestrial orchids having slender rootstocks and erect stems bearing one or a few leaves and a solitary terminal flower
           subtype:  #butterfly_orchid__butterflyorchid  any orchid of the genus Psychopsis: spectacular large tiger-striped orchids
              subtype:  #Psychopsis_krameriana__Oncidium_papilio_kramerianum  orchid of South and Central America having flowers similar to but smaller than Psychopsis papilio; sometimes placed in genus Oncidium
              subtype:  #Psychopsis_papilio__Oncidium_papilio  orchid of South America and Trinidad having large yellow and reddish-brown flowers; sometimes placed in genus Oncidium
           subtype:  #helmet_orchid__greenhood  any of numerous orchids of the genus Pterostylis having leaves in a basal rosette and green flowers often striped purple or brown or red with the dorsal sepal incurved to form a hood
           subtype:  #foxtail_orchid__foxtailorchid  any of various orchids of the genus Rhyncostylis having pink- to purple-marked white flowers in a dense cylindrical raceme
           subtype:  #orange-blossom_orchid__Sarcochilus_falcatus  diminutive Australian orchid with loose racemes of fragrant white flowers with purple and orange markings on the lip
           subtype:  #sobralia  any of various showy orchids of the genus Sobralia having leafy stems and bright-colored solitary or racemose flowers similar to those of genus Cattleya
           subtype:  #ladies'_tresses__ladies'tresse__lady's_tresses  an orchid of the genus Spiranthes having slender often twisted spikes of white flowers
              subtype:  #screw_augur__screwaugur__Spiranthes_cernua  an orchid of the genus Spiranthes having tall erect densely flowered spiraling clusters of creamy white vanilla-scented flowers; widely distributed especially in low damp places of eastern and central North America
              subtype:  #hooded_ladies'_tresses__Spiranthes_romanzoffiana  orchid having dense clusters of gently spiraling creamy white flowers with 2 upper petals forming a hood; western North America
              subtype:  #western_ladies'_tresses__Spiranthes_porrifolia  similar to Spiranthes romanzoffiana;States
              subtype:  #European_ladies'_tresses__Spiranthes_spiralis  European orchid having shorter racemes of strongly spiraling snow-white flowers
           subtype:  #stanhopea  any of various orchids of the genus Stanhopea having a single large leaf and loose racemes of large fragrant flowers of various colors; Mexico to Brazil
           subtype:  #stelis  any of various small tropical American orchids of the genus Stelis having long slender racemes of numerous small to minute flowers
           subtype:  #fly_orchid__flyorchid  any of several dwarf creeping orchids with small bizarre insectlike hairy flowers on slender stalks
           subtype:  #vanda  any of numerous showy orchids of the genus Vanda having many large flowers in loose racemes
              subtype:  #blue_orchid__Vanda_coerulea  famous orchid of northern India having large pale to deep lilac-blue flowers
           subtype:  #vanilla.orchid  any of numerous climbing plants of the genus Vanilla having fleshy leaves and clusters of large waxy highly fragrant white or green or topaz flowers
              subtype:  #vanilla_orchid__vanillaorchid__Vanilla_planifolia  climbing non-ornamental orchid bearing a podlike fruit yielding vanilla beans; widely cultivated from Florida southward throughout tropical America
        subtype:  #cyclamen__Cyclamen_purpurascens  Mediterranean plant widely cultivated as a houseplant for its showy dark green leaves splotched with silver and nodding white or pink to reddish flowers with reflexed petals
        subtype:  #sowbread__Cyclamen_hederifolium__Cyclamen_neopolitanum  common wild European cyclamen with pink flowers
        subtype:  #shortia  any plant of the genus Shortia; evergreen perennial herbs with smooth leathery basal leaves and showy white solitary flowers
           subtype:  #oconee_bells__Shortia_galacifolia  plant of southeastern United States having solitary white funnel-shaped flowers flushed with pink and large glossy green leaves that turn bronze-red in fall
        subtype:  #centaury.flower  any of various plants of the genus Centaurium
           subtype:  #rosita__Centaurium_calycosum  erect plant with small clusters of pink trumpet-shaped flowers of southwestern United States
           subtype:  #lesser_centaury__Centaurium_minus  common European glabrous annual centaury with flowers in dense cymes
           subtype:  #tufted_centaury__Centaurium_scilloides  tufted perennial of western Europe and Azores having bright pink to white flowers
           subtype:  #seaside_centaury__seasidecentaury  a variety of centaury found at the seaside
           subtype:  #broad_leaved_centaury  a variety of centaury with broad leaves
           subtype:  #slender_centaury__slendercentaury  a slender variety of centaury
        subtype:  #gentian  any of various plants of the family Gentianaceae especially the genera Gentiana and Gentianella and Gentianopsis
           subtype:  #gentianella__Gentiana_acaulis  low-growing alpine plant cultivated for its dark glossy green leaves in basal rosettes and showy solitary bell-shaped blue flowers
           subtype:  #bottle_gentian__closed_gentian__blind_gentian__blindgentian__Gentiana_andrewsii  gentian of eastern North America having tubular blue or white flowers that open little if at all
           subtype:  #explorer's_gentian__Gentiana_calycosa  tufted sometimes sprawling perennial with blue flowers spotted with green; western North America
           subtype:  #closed_gentian__blind_gentian__blindgentian__Gentiana_clausa  similar to Gentiana andrewsii but with larger flowers
           subtype:  #great_yellow_gentian__Gentiana_lutea  robust European perennial having clusters of yellow flowers
           subtype:  #marsh_gentian__marshgentian__calathian_violet__calathianviolet__Gentiana_pneumonanthe  perennial Eurasian gentian with sky-blue funnel-shaped flowers of damp open heaths
           subtype:  #soapwort_gentian__Gentiana_saponaria  erect perennial of wet woodlands of North America having leaves and flower buds resembling those of soapwort
           subtype:  #striped_gentian__stripedgentian__Gentiana_villosa  a perennial marsh gentian of eastern North America
           subtype:  #agueweed__ague_weed__five-flowered_gentian__stiff_gentian__stiffgentian__Gentianella_quinquefolia__Gentiana_quinquefolia  gentian of eastern North America having clusters of bristly blue flowers
           subtype:  #felwort__gentianella_amarella__gentianellaamarella  gentian of Europe and China having creamy white flowers with fringed corollas
           subtype:  #fringed_gentian__fringedgentian  any of various herbs of the genus Gentianopsis having the margins of the corolla lobes fringed; sometimes included in genus Gentiana
              subtype:  #Gentianopsis_crinita__Gentiana_crinita  tall widely distributed fringed gentian of eastern North America having violet-blue or white fringed flowers
              subtype:  #Gentianopsis_detonsa__Gentiana_detonsa  medium-tall fringed gentian with pale-glue to blue-purple flowers; circumboreal in distribution
              subtype:  #Gentianopsid_procera__Gentiana_procera  small blue-flowered fringed gentian of east central North America
              subtype:  #Gentianopsis_thermalis__Gentiana_thermalis  small blue-flowered fringed gentian of western United States (Rocky Mountains) especially around hot springs in Yellowstone National Park
              subtype:  #tufted_gentian__Gentianopsis_holopetala__Gentiana_holopetala  small blue-flowered fringed gentian of Sierra Nevada mountains
           subtype:  #spurred_gentian  any of various plants of the genus Halenia having flowers with spurred lobes
        subtype:  #begonia  any of numerous plants of the genus Begonia grown for their attractive glossy asymmetrical leaves and colorful flowers in usually terminal cymes or racemes
           subtype:  #fibrous-rooted_begonia  any of numerous begonias having fibrous rather than tuberous or rhizomatous roots
           subtype:  #tuberous_begonia  any of numerous begonias having large tuberous roots
              subtype:  #hybrid_tuberous_begonia__Begonia_tuberhybrida  any of numerous hybrid begonias having tuberous roots and variously colored flowers
           subtype:  #rhizomatous_begonia__rhizomatousbegonia  any of numerous begonias having prominent shaggy creeping stems or rhizomes
           subtype:  #Christmas_begonia__blooming-fool_begonia__Begonia_cheimantha  hybrid winter-blooming begonia grown for its many large pink flowers
           subtype:  #angel-wing_begonia__Begonia_cocchinea  South American fibrous-rooted begonias having prominent basal leaf lobes suggesting angels' wings and racemes of coral-red flowers
           subtype:  #grape-leaf_begonia__maple-leaf_begonia__Begonia_dregei  tuberous or semi-tuberous South African begonia having shallowly lobed ovate leaves and small white flowers
           subtype:  #beefsteak_begonia__beefsteakbegonia__kidney_begonia__Begonia_erythrophylla__Begonia_feastii  rhizomatous begonia with roundish fleshy leaves reddish colored beneath
           subtype:  #star_begonia__star-leaf_begonia__Begonia_heracleifolia  rhizomatous begonia having leaves with pointed lobes suggestive of stars and pink flowers
           subtype:  #rex_begonia__rexbegonia__king_begonia__painted-leaf_begonia__beefsteak_geranium__beefsteakgeranium__Begonia_rex  any of numerous usually rhizomatous hybrid begonias derived from an East Indian plant having rough-textured leaves patterned in silver and bronze and purple and red-brown with inconspicuous flowers
           subtype:  #wax_begonia__waxbegonia__Begonia_semperflorens  hybrid fibrous-rooted begonia having broad-ovate green to bronze- or black-red leaves and small clusters of white or pink or red flowers; widely used as a bedding plant
           subtype:  #Socotra_begonia__Begonia_socotrana  semi-tuberous begonia having peltate leaves and rose-pink flowers; Yemen
        subtype:  #wandflower__Sparaxis_tricolor  a showy often-cultivated plant with tawny yellow often purple-spotted flowers
        subtype:  #coral_drops__coraldrop__Bessera_elegans  half-hardy Mexican herb cultivated for its drooping terminal umbels of showy red-and-white flowers
        subtype:  #Christmas_bells  any of several plants of the genus Blandfordia having large orange or crimson flowers
        subtype:  #bellwort__merry_bells__merrybell__wild_oats  any of various plants of the genus Uvularia having yellowish drooping bell-shaped flowers
           subtype:  #cornflower__strawflower__Uvularia_grandiflora  plant of southern and southeastern United States grown for its yellow flowers that can be dried
        subtype:  #tuberose__Polianthes_tuberosa  a tuberous Mexican herb having grasslike leaves and cultivated for its spikes of highly fragrant lilylike waxy white flowers
        subtype:  #commelina  any plant of the genus Commelina
        subtype:  #scabious__scabiosa  any of various plants of the genus Scabiosa
           subtype:  #sweet_scabious__pincushion_flower__mournful_widow__Scabiosa_atropurpurea  Old World annual having fragrant purple to deep crimson flower heads; naturalized in United States
           subtype:  #field_scabious__Scabiosa_arvensis  perennial having bluish-lilac flowers; introduced in the eastern United States
        subtype:  #woodland_star__Lithophragma_affine__Lithophragma_affinis__Tellima_affinis  California perennial herb cultivated for its racemose white flowers with widely spreading petals; sometimes placed in genus Tellima
        subtype:  #achimenes__achimene__hot_water_plant__hotwaterplant  any plant of the genus Achimenes having showy bell-shaped flowers that resemble gloxinias
        subtype:  #lace-flower_vine__Alsobia_dianthiflora__Episcia_dianthiflora  low-growing creeping perennial of Central America having deeply fringed white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Episcia
        subtype:  #African_violet__Saintpaulia_ionantha  tropical African plant cultivated as a houseplant for its violet or white or pink flowers
        subtype:  #streptocarpus__streptocarpu  any of various plants of the genus Streptocarpus having leaves in a basal rosette and flowers like primroses
           subtype:  #Cape_primrose  any of various African plants of the genus Streptocarpus widely cultivated especially as houseplants for their showy blue or purple flowers
        subtype:  #scorpionweed__scorpion_weed__phacelia  any plant of the genus Phacelia
           subtype:  #Phacelia_campanularia__California_bluebell  annual of southern California with intricately branched stems and lax cymes of aromatic deep blue bell-shaped flowers
           subtype:  #California_bluebell__whitlavia__Phacelia_minor__Phacelia_whitlavia  desert plant of southern California with blue or violet tubular flowers in terminal racemes
           subtype:  #fiddleneck__Phacelia_tanacetifolia  hairy annual of California to Mexico with crowded cymes of small blue to lilac or mauve flowers
        subtype:  #snapdragon  a garden plant of the genus Antirrhinum having showy white or yellow or crimson flowers resembling the face of a dragon
           subtype:  #white_snapdragon__whitesnapdragon__Antirrhinum_coulterianum  California plant with slender racemes of white flowers
           subtype:  #yellow_twining_snapdragon__Antirrhinum_filipes  southwestern United States plant with yellow flowers on stems that twist and twine through other vegetation
           subtype:  #Mediterranean_snapdragon__Antirrhinum_majus  perennial native to the Mediterranean but widely cultivated for its purple or pink flowers
        subtype:  #calceolaria__slipperwort  any garden plant of the genus Calceolaria having flowers with large inflated slipper-shaped lower lip
        subtype:  #gerardia  any plant of the genus Gerardia
        subtype:  #toadflax__butter-and-eggs__wild_snapdragon__devil's_flax__devil'sflax__Linaria_vulgaris  common European perennial having showy yellow and orange flowers; a naturalized weed in North America
           subtype:  #blue_toadflax__old-field_toadflax__oldfieldtoadflax__Linaria_canadensis  North American plant having racemes of blue-violet flowers
        subtype:  #veronica__speedwell  any plant of the genus Veronica
           subtype:  #field_speedwell__fieldspeedwell__Veronica_agrestis  European plant with minute axillary blue flowers on long stalks; widely naturalized in America
           subtype:  #corn_speedwell__Veronica_arvensis  erect or procumbent blue-flowered annual found in waste places of Europe and America
           subtype:  #germander_speedwell__bird's_eye__Veronica_chamaedrys  Old World plant with axillary racemes of blue-and-white flowers
           subtype:  #common_speedwell__gypsyweed__veronicaofficinali  common hairy European perennial with pale blue or lilac flowers in axillary racemes
           subtype:  #purslane_speedwell__Veronica_peregrina  North American annual with small white flowers widely naturalized as a weed in South America and Europe
           subtype:  #thyme-leaved_speedwell__Veronica_serpyllifolia  perennial decumbent herb having small opposite leaves and racemes of blue flowers; throughout Eurasia and the New World
        subtype:  #bush_violet__browallia  any of several herbs of the genus Browallia cultivated for their blue or violet or white flowers
        subtype:  #petunia  any of numerous tropical herbs having fluted funnel-shaped flowers
           subtype:  #large_white_petunia__largewhitepetunia__Petunia_axillaris  annual herb having large nocturnally fragrant buff-white flowers
           subtype:  #violet-flowered_petunia__Petunia_integrifolia  herb or small shrublet having solitary violet to rose-red flowers
           subtype:  #hybrid_petunia__Petunia_hybrida  hybrids of Petunia axillaris and Petunia integrifolia: a complex group of petunias having single or double flowers in colors from white to purple
        subtype:  #butterfly_flower__butterflyflower__poor_man's_orchid__schizanthus__schizanthu  any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers
        subtype:  #verbena__vervain  any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers
        subtype:  #valerian  a plant of the genus Valeriana having lobed or dissected leaves and cymose white or ink flowers
           subtype:  #common_valerian__garden_heliotrope__Valeriana_officinalis  tall rhizomatous plant having very fragrant flowers and rhizomes used medicinally
        subtype:  #red_valerian__redvalerian__French_honeysuckle__Centranthus_ruber  European herb with small fragrant crimson or white spurred flowers
     subtype:  #wildflower__wild_flower  wild or uncultivated flowering plant
        subtype:  #sagebrush_buttercup__sagebrushbuttercup__Ranunculus_glaberrimus  small early-flowering buttercup with shiny yellow flowers of western North America
        subtype:  #pasqueflower__pasque_flower  any plant of the genus Pulsatilla; sometimes included in genus Anemone
           subtype:  #American_pasqueflower__Eastern_pasque_flower__wild_crocus__lion's_beard__prairie_anemone__prairieanemone__blue_tulip__American_pulsatilla__Pulsatilla_patens__Anemone_ludoviciana  short hairy perennial with early spring blue-violet or lilac flowers; North America and Siberia
           subtype:  #Western_pasqueflower__Pulsatilla_occidentalis__Anemone_occidentalis  of western North America
           subtype:  #European_pasqueflower__Pulsatilla_vulgaris__Anemone_pulsatilla  European perennial having usually violet or white spring flowers
        subtype:  #meadow_rue  any of various herbs of the genus Thalictrum; sometimes rhizomatous or tuberous perennials found in damp shady places and meadows or stream banks; have lacy foliage and clouds of small purple or yellow flowers
        subtype:  #sand_verbena  any of various plants of the genus Abronia of western North America and Mexico having flowers resembling verbena
           subtype:  #sweet_sand_verbena__snowball__Abronia_elliptica  plant having heads of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers; grows in sandy arid regions
           subtype:  #Abronia_fragrans__sweet_sand_verbena  taller than Abronia elliptica and having night-blooming flowers
           subtype:  #yellow_sand_verbena__Abronia_latifolia  plant having hemispherical heads of yellow trumpet-shaped flowers; found in coastal dunes from California to British Columbia
           subtype:  #beach_pancake__beachpancake__Abronia_maritima  plant having hemispherical heads of wine-red flowers; found in coastal dunes from California to Mexico
           subtype:  #beach_sand_verbena__pink_sand_verbena__Abronia_umbellata  prostrate herb having heads of deep pink to white flowers; found in coastal dunes from British Columbia to Baja California
           subtype:  #desert_sand_verbena__Abronia_villosa  soft-haired sticky plant with heads of bright pink trumpet-shaped flowers; found in sandy desert soil; after ample rains may carpet miles of desert with pink from the southwestern United States to northern Mexico
        subtype:  #trailing_four_o'clock__trailing_windmills__Allionia_incarnata  trailing plant having crowded clusters of 3 brilliant deep pink flowers resembling a single flower blooming near the ground; found in dry gravelly or sandy soil; southwestern United States and Mexico
        subtype:  #red_maids__redmaid__redmaid__calandriniaciliata  succulent carpet-forming plant having small brilliant reddish-pink flowers; southwestern United States
        subtype:  #siskiyou_lewisia__Lewisia_cotyledon  evergreen perennial having a dense basal rosette of long spatula-shaped leaves and panicles of pink or white-and-red-striped or pink-purple flowers; found on cliffs and in rock crevices in mountains of southwestern Oregon and northern California
        subtype:  #bitterroot__Lewisia_rediviva  showy succulent ground-hugging plant of Rocky Mountains regions having deep to pale pink flowers and fleshy farinaceous roots; the Montana state flower
        subtype:  #pussy-paw__pussypaw__pussy-paws__pussy's-paw__pussy'spaw__Spraguea_umbellatum__Calyptridium_umbellatum  pink clusters of densely packed flowers on prostrate stems resemble upturned pads of cats' feet; grow in coniferous forests of western North America
        subtype:  #flame_flower__flameflower__talinumaurantiacum  plant with fleshy roots and erect stems with narrow succulent leaves and one reddish-orange flower in each upper leaf axil; southwestern United States; Indians once cooked the fleshy roots
           subtype:  #narrow-leaved_flame_flower__Talinum_augustissimum  similar to Talinum aurantiacum but with narrower leaves and yellow-orange flowers; southwestern United States
           subtype:  #pigmy_talinum__pigmytalinum__Talinum_brevifolium  low plant with crowded narrow succulent leaves and fairly large deep pink axillary flowers that seem to sit on the ground; southwestern United States
           subtype:  #rock_pink__Talinum_calycinum  pink-flowered perennial of rocky regions of western United States
           subtype:  #jewels-of-opar__Talinum_paniculatum  erect plant with tuberous roots and terminal panicles of red to yellow flowers; southwestern North America to Central America; widely introduced elsewhere
           subtype:  #spiny_talinum__spinytalinum__Talinum_spinescens  low cushion-forming plant with rose to crimson-magenta flowers and leaf midribs that persist as spines when the leaves die; southwestern United States
        subtype:  #woolly_daisy__dwarf_daisy__dwarfdaisy__Antheropeas_wallacei__Eriophyllum_wallacei  tiny gray woolly tufted annual with small golden-yellow flower heads; southeastern California to northwestern Arizona and southwestern Utah; sometimes placed in genus Eriophyllum
        subtype:  #heartleaf_arnica__heartleafarnica__Arnica_cordifolia  wildflower with heart-shaped leaves and broad yellow flower heads; of alpine areas west of the Rockies from Alaska to southern California
        subtype:  #Arnica_montana  herb of pasture and open woodland throughout most of Europe and western Asia having orange-yellow daisylike flower heads that when dried are used as a stimulant and to treat bruises and swellings
        subtype:  #false_chamomile__falsechamomile  any of various autumn-flowering perennials having white or pink to purple flowers that resemble asters; wild in moist soils from New Jersey to Florida and Texas
        subtype:  #oxeye.wildflower  Eurasian perennial herbs having daisylike flowers with yellow rays and dark centers
           subtype:  #woodland_oxeye__Buphthalmum_salicifolium  hairy Eurasian perennial having deep yellow daisies on lax willowy stems; found in the wild in open woodland and on rocky slopes
        subtype:  #golden_aster  any of several shrubby herbs or subshrubs of the genus Chrysopsis having bright golden-yellow flower heads that resemble asters; throughout much of United States and into Canada
           subtype:  #Maryland_golden_aster__Chrysopsis_mariana  perennial golden aster of southeastern United States
           subtype:  #grass-leaved_golden_aster  a variety of golden aster
           subtype:  #sickleweed_golden_aster  a variety of golden aster
        subtype:  #hawk's-beard__hawk's-beards  any of various plants of the genus Crepis having loose heads of yellow flowers on top of a long branched leafy stem; northern hemisphere
        subtype:  #brittlebush__brittle_bush__brittlebush__incienso__Encelia_farinosa  fragrant rounded shrub of southwestern United States and adjacent Mexico having brittle stems and small crowded blue-green leaves and yellow flowers; produces a resin used in incense and varnish and in folk medicine
        subtype:  #sunray__Enceliopsis_nudicaulis  herb having a basal cluster of gray-green leaves and leafless stalks each with a solitary broad yellow flower head; desert areas Idaho to Arizona
        subtype:  #engelmannia  common erect hairy perennial of plains and prairies of southern and central United States having flowers that resemble sunflowers
        subtype:  #fleabane  any of several North American plants of the genus Erigeron having daisylike flowers; formerly believed to repel fleas
           subtype:  #blue_fleabane__Erigeron_acer  widespread weed with pale purple-blue flowers
           subtype:  #daisy_fleabane__daisyfleabane__Erigeron_annuus  widely naturalized white-flowered North American herb
           subtype:  #orange_daisy__orange_fleabane__Erigeron_aurantiacus  mat-forming herb of Turkestan with nearly double orange-yellow flowers
           subtype:  #spreading_fleabane__spreadingfleabane__Erigeron_divergens  well-branched plant with hairy leaves and stems each with a solitary flower head with narrow white or pink or lavender rays; western North America
           subtype:  #seaside_daisy__seasidedaisy__beach_aster__beachaster__Erigeron_glaucous  slightly succulent perennial with basal leaves and hairy sticky stems each bearing a solitary flower head with narrow pink or lavender rays; coastal bluffs Oregon to southern California
           subtype:  #Philadelphia_fleabane__Erigeron_philadelphicus  especially pretty plant having a delicate fringe of threadlike rays around flower heads having very slender white or pink rays; United States and Canada
           subtype:  #robin's_plantain__robin'splantain__Erigeron_pulchellus  common perennial of eastern North America having flowers with usually violet-purple rays
           subtype:  #showy_daisy__showydaisy__Erigeron_speciosus  plant having branching leafy stems each branch with an especially showy solitary flower head with many narrow pink or lavender or white rays; northwestern United States mountains
        subtype:  #woolly_sunflower  any plant of the genus Eriophyllum
           subtype:  #golden_yarrow__Eriophyllum_lanatum  grayish woolly leafy perennial with branched stems ending in leafless stalks bearing golden-yellow flower heads; dry areas western North America
        subtype:  #gaillardia  any plant of western America of the genus Gaillardia having hairy leaves and long-stalked flowers in hot vibrant colors from golden yellow and copper to rich burgundy
           subtype:  #blanket_flower__blanketflower__Indian_blanket__firewheel__gaillardiapulchella  annual of central United States having showy long-stalked yellow flower heads marked with scarlet or purple in the center
        subtype:  #desert_sunflower__Gerea_canescens  slender hairy plant with few leaves and golden-yellow flower heads; sandy desert areas of southeastern California to southwestern Utah and western Arizona and northwestern Mexico
        subtype:  #goldenbush.wildflower  a plant of the genus Haplopappus
           subtype:  #camphor_daisy__camphordaisy__Haplopappus_phyllocephalus  annual of southern United States and Mexico having bristly leaves and pale yellow flowers
           subtype:  #yellow_spiny_daisy__Haplopappus_spinulosus  slender perennial of western North America having weakly bristly leaves and yellow flower heads
        subtype:  #heliopsis__heliopsi__oxeye  any North American shrubby perennial herb of the genus Heliopsis having large yellow daisylike flowers
        subtype:  #hairy_golden_aster__prairie_golden_aster__Heterotheca_villosa__Chrysopsis_villosa  hairy perennial with yellow flower heads in branched clusters; found almost everywhere in dry places from Canada to west central and western United States; sometimes placed in genus Chrysopsis
        subtype:  #alpine_gold__alpine_hulsea__Hulsea_algida  low tufted plant having hairy stems each topped by a flower head with short narrow yellow rays; northwestern United States
        subtype:  #dwarf_hulsea__dwarfhulsea__Hulsea_nana  similar to but smaller than alpine hulsea
        subtype:  #goldfields__Lasthenia_chrysostoma  small slender woolly annual with very narrow opposite leaves and branches bearing solitary golden-yellow flower heads; southwestern Oregon to Baja California and Arizona; often cultivated
        subtype:  #hawkbit  any of various common wildflowers of the genus Leontodon; of temperate Eurasia to Mediterranean regions
           subtype:  #fall_dandelion__arnica_bud__Leontodon_autumnalis  fall-blooming European herb with a yellow flower; naturalized in the United States
        subtype:  #edelweiss__edelweis__leontopodiumalpinum  alpine perennial plant native to Europe having leaves covered with whitish down and small flower heads held in stars of glistening whitish bracts
        subtype:  #north_island_edelweiss__Leucogenes_leontopodium  perennial herb closely resembling European edelweiss; New Zealand
        subtype:  #blazing_star__blazingstar__buttonsnakeroot__snakeroot  any of various North American plants of the genus Liatris having racemes or panicles of small discoid flower heads
           subtype:  #dotted_gayfeather__Liatris_punctata  herb with many stems bearing narrow slender wands of crowded rose-lavender flowers; central United States and Canada to Texas and northern Mexico
           subtype:  #dense_blazing_star__denseblazingstar__Liatris_pycnostachya  perennial of southeastern and central United States having very dense spikes of purple flowers; often cultivated for cut flowers
        subtype:  #tahoka_daisy__tansy_leaf_aster__Machaeranthera_tanacetifolia  wild aster with fernlike leaves and flower heads with very narrow bright purple rays; Alberta to Texas and Mexico
        subtype:  #sticky_aster__Machaeranthera_bigelovii  wild aster having leafy stems and flower heads with narrow bright reddish-lavender or purple rays; western Colorado to Arizona
        subtype:  #Mojave_aster__Machaeranthera_tortifoloia  wild aster having grayish leafy stems and flower heads with narrow pale lavender or violet rayes; of rocky desert slopes California to Arizona and Utah
        subtype:  #common_madia__common_tarweed__Madia_elegans  California annual having red-brown spots near the base of its yellow flower rays
        subtype:  #blackfoot_daisy__Melampodium_leucanthum  bushy subshrub having flower heads that resemble asters with broad white rays; found in desert areas of Arizona east to Kansas and south to Mexico
        subtype:  #Mexican_hat__Ratibida_columnaris  coneflower with flower heads resembling a Mexican hat with a tall red-brown disk and drooping yellow or yellow and red-brown rays; great plains along base of Rocky Mountains
        subtype:  #long-head_coneflower__prairie_coneflower__prairieconeflower__Ratibida_columnifera  plant similar to the Mexican hat coneflower; from British Columbia to New Mexico
        subtype:  #prairie_coneflower__prairieconeflower__Ratibida_tagetes  coneflower of central to southwestern United States
        subtype:  #nodding_groundsel__noddinggroundsel__Senecio_bigelovii  plant with erect leafy stems bearing clusters of rayless yellow flower heads on bent individual stalks; moist regions of southwestern United States
        subtype:  #ragwort__butterweed__Senecio_glabellus  American ragwort with yellow flowers
        subtype:  #arrowleaf_groundsel__arrowleafgroundsel__Senecio_triangularis  perennial with sharply toothed triangular leaves on leafy stems bearing a cluster of yellow flower heads; moist places in mountains of western North America
        subtype:  #goldenrod  any of numerous chiefly summer-blooming and fall-blooming North American plants especially of the genus Solidago
           subtype:  #silverrod__solidagobicolor  plant of eastern North America having creamy white flowers
           subtype:  #meadow_goldenrod__Canadian_goldenrod__Solidago_canadensis  large North American goldenrod having showy clusters of yellow flowers on arching branches; often a weed
           subtype:  #Missouri_goldenrod__Solidago_missouriensis  similar to meadow goldenrod but usually smaller
           subtype:  #alpine_goldenrod__Solidago_multiradiata  goldenrod similar to narrow goldenrod but having bristly hairs on edges of leaf stalks; mountainous regions of western America
           subtype:  #gray_goldenrod__Solidago_nemoralis  a dyer's weed of Canada and the eastern United States having yellow flowers sometimes used in dyeing
           subtype:  #Blue_Mountain_tea__sweet_goldenrod__sweetgoldenrod__Solidago_odora  goldenrod of eastern America (especially Blue Mountains of Pennsylvania) having aromatic leaves from which a medicinal tea is made
           subtype:  #dyer's_weed__Solidago_rugosa  eastern North American herb whose yellow flowers are (or were) used in dyeing
           subtype:  #seaside_goldenrod__seasidegoldenrod__beach_goldenrod__beachgoldenrod__Solidago_sempervirens  vigorous showy goldenrod common along eastern and Gulf coasts of North America
           subtype:  #narrow_goldenrod__Solidago_spathulata  western American goldenrod with long narrow clusters of small yellow flowers
           subtype:  #Boott's_goldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
           subtype:  #Elliott's_goldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
           subtype:  #Ohio_goldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
           subtype:  #rough-stemmed_goldenrod__roughstemmedgoldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
           subtype:  #showy_goldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
           subtype:  #tall_goldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
           subtype:  #zigzag_goldenrod__broad_leaved_goldenrod  a variety of goldenrod
        subtype:  #stemless_golden_weed__Stenotus_acaulis__Haplopappus_acaulis  dark green erect herb of northwestern United States and southwestern Canada having stiff leaves in dense tufts and yellow flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Haplopappus
        subtype:  #northern_dune_tansy__Tanacetum_douglasii  lightly hairy rhizomatous perennial having aromatic feathery leaves and stems bearing open clusters of small buttonlike yellow flowers; sand dunes of Pacific coast of North America
        subtype:  #stemless_hymenoxys__Tetraneuris_acaulis__Hymenoxys_acaulis  perennial having tufted basal leaves and short leafless stalks each bearing a solitary yellow flower head; dry hillsides and plains of west central North America
        subtype:  #old_man_of_the_mountain__alpine_sunflower__Tetraneuris_grandiflora__Hymenoxys_grandiflora  whitish hairy plant with featherlike leaves and a few stout stems each bearing an especially handsome solitary large yellow flower head; mountainous regions north central United States
        subtype:  #yellow_salsify__Tragopogon_dubius  European perennial naturalized throughout United States having hollow stems with a few long narrow tapered leaves and each bearing a solitary pale yellow flower
        subtype:  #meadow_salsify__goatsbeard__shepherd's_clock__Tragopogon_pratensis  weedy European annual with yellow flowers; naturalized in United States
        subtype:  #mule's_ears__Wyethia_amplexicaulis  balsamic-resinous herb with clumps of lanceolate leaves and stout leafy stems ending in large deep yellow flowers on long stalks; northwestern United States
        subtype:  #white-rayed_mule's_ears__Wyethia_helianthoides  herb with basal leaves and leafy hairy stems bearing solitary flower heads with white or pale cream rays; northwestern United States
        subtype:  #Indian_pipe__waxflower__Monotropa_uniflora  small waxy white or pinkish-white saprophytic woodland plant having scalelike leaves and a nodding flower; turns black with age
        subtype:  #pinesap__false_beachdrops__Monotropa_hypopithys  fleshy tawny or reddish saprophytic herb resembling the Indian pipe and growing in woodland humus of eastern North America; in some classifications placed in a separate genus Hypopitys
        subtype:  #snow_plant__Sarcodes_sanguinea  a fleshy bright red saprophytic plant of the mountains of western North America that appears in early spring while snow is on the ground
        subtype:  #prairie_gentian__prairiegentian__tulip_gentian__tulipgentian__bluebell__Eustoma_grandiflorum  one of the most handsome prairie wildflowers laving large erect bell-shaped bluish flowers; of moist places in prairies and fields from eastern Colorado and Nebraska south to New Mexico and Texas
        subtype:  #coast_boykinia__coastboykinia__Boykinia_elata__Boykinia_occidentalis  plant with leaves mostly at the base and openly branched clusters of small white flowers; western North America
        subtype:  #leatherleaf_saxifrage__leatherleafsaxifrage__Leptarrhena_pyrolifolia  plant with basal leathery elliptic leaves and erect leafless flower stalks each bearing a dense roundish cluster of tiny white flowers; moist places of northwestern North America to Oregon and Idaho
        subtype:  #prairie_star__prairiestar__Lithophragma_parviflorum  plant with mostly basal leaves and slender open racemes of white or pale pink flowers; prairies and open forest of northwestern United States to British Columbia and Alberta
        subtype:  #fringed_grass_of_Parnassus__Parnassia_fimbriata  bog plant with broadly heart-shaped basal leaves and cream or white saucer-shaped flowers with fringed petals; west of Rocky Mountains from Alaska to New Mexico
        subtype:  #false_alumroot__falsealumroot__fringecup__Tellima_grandiflora  plant growing in clumps with mostly basal leaves and cream or pale pink fringed flowers in several long racemes; Alaska to coastal central California and east to Idaho
        subtype:  #false_miterwort__falsemiterwort__false_mitrewort__falsemitrewort__Tiarella_unifoliata  plant with tiny white flowers hanging in loose clusters on leafy stems; moist woods from Alaska to central California and east to Montana
        subtype:  #kitten-tails  a plant of the genus Besseya having fluffy spikes of flowers
           subtype:  #Alpine_besseya__Besseya_alpina  small pale plant with dense spikes of pale bluish-violet flowers; of high cold meadows from Wyoming and Utah to New Mexico
        subtype:  #Indian_paintbrush__painted_cup  any of various plants of the genus Castilleja having dense spikes of hooded flowers with brightly colored bracts
           subtype:  #desert_paintbrush__Castilleja_chromosa  most common paintbrush of western United States dry lands; having erect stems ending in dense spikes of bright orange to red flowers
           subtype:  #giant_red_paintbrush__giantredpaintbrush__Castilleja_miniata  wildflower of western North America having ragged clusters of crimson or scarlet flowers
           subtype:  #great_plains_paintbrush__Castilleja_sessiliflora  hairy plant with pinkish flowers; Great Plains to northern Mexico
           subtype:  #sulfur_paintbrush__Castilleja_sulphurea  plant of moist highland meadows having ragged clusters of pale yellow flowers
        subtype:  #purple_chinese_houses__innocense__Collinsia_bicolor__Collinsia_heterophylla  white and lavender to pale-blue flowers grow in perfect rings of widely spaced bands around the stems forming a kind of pagoda; California
        subtype:  #maiden_blue-eyed_Mary__Collinsia_parviflora  small widely branching Western plant with tiny blue-and-white flowers; British Columbia to Ontario and south to California and Colorado
        subtype:  #blue-eyed_Mary__Collinsia_verna  Eastern United States plant with whorls of blue-and-white flowers
        subtype:  #golden-beard_penstemon__Penstemon_barbatus  plant of southwestern United States having long open clusters of scarlet flowers with yellow hairs on lower lip
        subtype:  #scarlet_bugler__scarletbugler__Penstemon_centranthifolius  plant with bright red tubular flowers in long narrow clusters near tips of erect stems; coastal ranges from central California southward
        subtype:  #Platte_River_penstemon__Penstemon_cyananthus  erect plant with blue-violet flowers in rings near tips of stems; Idaho to Utah and Wyoming
        subtype:  #Davidson's_penstemon__Penstemon_davidsonii  mat-forming plant with blue-lavender flowers clustered on short erect stems; British Columbia to northern California
        subtype:  #hot-rock_penstemon__Penstemon_deustus  stems in clumps with cream-colored flowers; Washington State to Wyoming and south to California and Utah
        subtype:  #Jones'_penstemon__Penstemon_dolius  low plant with light blue and violet flowers in short clusters near tips of stems; Nevada to Utah
        subtype:  #shrubby_penstemon__shrubbypenstemon__lowbush_penstemon__lowbushpenstemon__Penstemon_fruticosus  low bushy plant with large showy pale lavender or blue-violet flowers in narrow clusters at ends of stems
        subtype:  #narrow-leaf_penstemon__Penstemon_linarioides  plant having small narrow leaves and blue-violet flowers in long open clusters; Utah and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona
        subtype:  #mountain_pride__Penstemon_newberryi  mat-forming plant with deep pink flowers on short erect leafy stems; rocky places at high elevations from Oregon to California
        subtype:  #balloon_flower__balloonflower__scented_penstemon__scentedpenstemon__Penstemon_palmeri  fragrant puffed-up white to reddish-pink flowers in long narrow clusters on erect stems; Arizona to New Mexico and Utah
        subtype:  #Parry's_penstemon__Penstemon_parryi  erect stems with pinkish-lavender flowers in long interrupted clusters; Arizona
        subtype:  #rock_penstemon__cliff_penstemon__cliffpenstemon__Penstemon_rupicola  one of the West's most beautiful wildflowers; large brilliant pink or rose flowers in many racemes above thick mats of stems and leaves; ledges and cliffs from Washington to California
        subtype:  #Rydberg's_penstemon__Penstemon_rydbergii  plant with whorls of small dark blue-violet flowers; Washington to Wyoming and south to California and Colorado
        subtype:  #cascade_penstemon__cascadepenstemon__Penstemon_serrulatus  whorls of deep blue to dark purple flowers at tips of erect leafy stems; moist places from British Columbia to Oregon
        subtype:  #Whipple's_penstemon__Penstemon_whippleanus  wine-lavender to black-purple flowers in several clusters on the upper half of leafy stems; Montana south through the Rocky Mountain regions to Arizona and New Mexico
        subtype:  #wild_carrot__Queen_Anne's_lace__Daucus_carota  a widely naturalized Eurasian herb with finely cut foliage and white compound umbels of small white or yellowish flowers and thin yellowish roots
     subtype:  #madderwort__rubiaceous_plant  any of numerous trees or shrubs or vines of the family Rubiaceae
        subtype:  #Indian_madder__munjeet__Rubia_cordifolia  perennial East Indian creeping or climbing herb used for dye in the orient
        subtype:  #madder__Rubia_tinctorum  Eurasian herb having small yellow flowers and red roots formerly an important source of the dye alizarin

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