#somatic_cell__somaticcell any of the cells of a plant or animal except the reproductive cells
supertype: #cell the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; cells may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
subtype: #skin_cell any of the cells making up the skin
subtype: #epidermal_cell__epidermalcell any of the cells making up the epidermis
subtype: #melanoblast an epidermal cell that is a precursor of a melanocyte
subtype: #melanocyte a cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin under the control of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone
subtype: #prickle_cell__pricklecell a cell in the germinal layer of the skin (the prickle-cell layer); has many spines and radiating processes
subtype: #epithelial_cell one of the closely packed cells forming the epithelium
subtype: #columnar_cell__columnar_epithelial_cell an epithelial cell that is shaped like a column; some have cilia
subtype: #spongioblast any of various columnar epithelial cells in the central nervous system that develop into neuroglia
subtype: #cuboidal_cell__cuboidal_epithelial_cell an epithelial cell that shaped like a cube
subtype: #goblet_cell an epithelial cell that secretes mucous
subtype: #hair_cell a sensory epithelial cell present in the Organ of Corti
subtype: #squamous_cell an epithelial cell that is flat like a plate and form a single layer of epithelial tissue
subtype: #taste_cell__tastecell__gustatory_cell__gustatorycell an epithelial cell in a taste bud that activates sensory fibers of the facial nerve or the glossopharyngeal nerve or the vagus nerve
subtype: #neoplastic_cell a cell that is part of tumor
subtype: #cancer_cell a cell that is part of a malignant tumor
subtype: #bone_cell a cell that is part of a bone
subtype: #megakaryocyte a large bone marrow cell; regarded as the source of blood platelets
subtype: #osteoclast cell that functions in the breakdown and resorption of bone tissue
subtype: #osteocyte mature bone cell
subtype: #blood_cell__bloodcell__blood_corpuscle__bloodcorpuscle__corpuscle either of two types of cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes) and sometimes including platelets
subtype: #leukocyte__leucocyte__whitebloodcell__white_cell__whitecell__white_blood_corpuscle__whitebloodcorpuscle__white_corpuscle__whitecorpuscle__WBC blood cells that engulf and digest bacteria and fungi; an important part of the body's defense system
subtype: #myelocyte an immature leukocyte normally found in bone marrow
subtype: #myeloblast a precursor of leukocytes that normally occurs only in bone marrow
subtype: #lymphocyte__lymph_cell__lymphcell an agranulocytic leukocyte that normally makes up a quarter of the white blood cell count but increases in the presence of infection
subtype: #B_cell__B_lymphocyte a lymphocyte derived from bone marrow that provides humoral immunity; it recognizes free antigen molecules in solution and mature into plasma cells that secrete immunoglobulin (antibodies) that inactivate the antigens
subtype: #T_cell__T_lymphocyte a small lymphocyte developed in the thymus; it orchestrates the immune system's response to infected or malignant cells
subtype: #helper_T_cell__CD4_T_cell__CD4_cell T cell with CD4 receptor that recognizes antigens on the surface of a virus-infected cell and secretes lymphokines that stimulate B cells and killer T cells
subtype: #killer_T_cell__CD8_T_cell__CD8_cell T cell with CD8 receptor that recognizes antigens on the surface of a virus-infected cell and binds to the infected cell and kill it
subtype: #lymphoblast an immature lymphocyte
subtype: #plasma_cell__plasmacyte a lymphocyte-like cell that develops from a B lymphocyte in reaction to a specific antigen; found in bone marrow and sometimes in the blood
subtype: #plasmablast the precursor of a plasma cell
subtype: #granulocyte a leukocyte that has granules in its cytoplasm
subtype: #monocyte a type of granular leukocyte that functions in the ingestion of bacteria
subtype: #monoblast a large immature monocyte normally found in bone marrow
subtype: #basophil__basophile a leukocyte with basophilic granules easily stained by basic stains
subtype: #neutrophil__neutrophile the chief phagocytic leukocyte; stains with either basic or acid dyes
subtype: #microphage a neutrophil that ingests small things (as bacteria)
subtype: #eosinophil__eosinophile a leukocyte readily stained with eosin
subtype: #packed_cells a preparation of blood cells separated from the liquid plasma; "packed cells are given to severely anemic patients in order to avoid overloading the circulatory system with too much fluid"
subtype: #red_blood_cell__redbloodcell__RBC__erythrocyte a mature blood cell that contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the bodily tissues; a biconcave disc that has no nucleus
subtype: #megalocyte__macrocyte abnormally large red blood cell (associated with pernicious anemia)
subtype: #megaloblast abnormally large red blood cell present in pernicious anemia and folic acid deficiency
subtype: #acanthocyte an abnormal red blood cell that has thorny projections of protoplasm
subtype: #microcyte an abnormally small red blood cell (less than 5 microns in diameter)
subtype: #reticulocyte an immature red blood cell containing a network of filaments or granules
subtype: #sickle_cell an abnormal red blood cell that has a crescent shape and an abnormal form of hemoglobin
subtype: #siderocyte an abnormal red blood cell containing granules of iron not bound in hemoglobin
subtype: #spherocyte an abnormal spherical red blood cell
subtype: #target_cell an abnormal red blood cell with a ringed appearance; associated with anemia
subtype: #phagocyte__scavenger_cell__scavengercell a cell that engulfs and digests debris and invading microorganisms
subtype: #macrophage a large phagocyte; some are fixed and other circulate in the blood stream
subtype: #histiocyte a macrophage that is found in connective tissue
subtype: #fixed_phagocyte a phagocyte that does not circulate in the blood but is fixed in the liver or spleen or bone marrow etc.
subtype: #free_phagocyte a phagocyte that circulates in the blood
subtype: #leukocyte__leucocyte__whitebloodcell__white_cell__whitecell__white_blood_corpuscle__whitebloodcorpuscle__white_corpuscle__whitecorpuscle__WBC blood cells that engulf and digest bacteria and fungi; an important part of the body's defense system
subtype: #visual_cell one of the cells of the retina that is sensitive to light
subtype: #retinal_cone__retinalcone__cone__cone_cell visual receptor cell sensitive to color
subtype: #retinal_rod__retinalrod__rod__rodcell visual receptor cell sensitive to dim light
subtype: #fat_cell__fatcell__adipose_cell__adiposecell cells composed of fat
subtype: #muscle_cell__muscle_fiber__muscle_fibre an elongated contractile cell that forms the muscles of the body
subtype: #striated_muscle_cell__striated_muscle_fiber an elongated contractile cell in striated muscle tissue
subtype: #smooth_muscle_cell cells of the smooth muscles
subtype: #Schwann_cell any cell that covers the nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system and forms the myelin sheath
subtype: #nerve_cell__nervecell__neuron a cell that is specialized to conduct nerve impulses
subtype: #brain_cell__braincell a nerve cell in the brain
subtype: #Golgi's_cell__Golgi_cell a neuron in the cerebral cortex with short dendrites and with either a long axon or a short axon that ramifies in the gray matter
subtype: #Purkinje_cell a large densely branching neuron that is the characteristic cell of the cerebellar cortex
subtype: #motor_neuron__motorneuron__efferent_neuron__motor_nerve_fiber__motornervefiber__motoneuron a neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord
subtype: #sensory_neuron__sensoryneuron__afferent_neuron a neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or spinal cord
subtype: #neurogliacyte__neuroglial_cell__glial_cell__glialcell a cell of the neuroglia
subtype: #astrocyte comparatively large neuroglial cell
subtype: #fibrous_astrocyte__fibrousastrocyte star-shaped cells with long processes; found in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
subtype: #protoplasmic_astrocyte a kind of astrocyte found in the gray matter
subtype: #microgliacyte a cell of the microglia that may become phagocytic and collect waste products of nerve tissue
subtype: #oligodendrocyte a cell of the oligodendroglia
subtype: #hybridoma a hybrid cell resulting from the fusion of a lymphocyte and a tumor cell; used to culture a specific monoclonal antibody
subtype: #mast_cell__mastocyte__labrocyte a large connective tissue cell that contains histamine and heparin and serotonin which are released in allergic reactions or in response to injury or inflammation
subtype: #stem_cell an undifferentiated cell whose daughter cells may differentiate into other cell types (such as blood cells)
subtype: #target_cell.somatic_cell__targetcell any cell that has a specific receptor for antigen or antibody or hormone
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