#phylum_Chordata__Chordata  comprises true vertebrates and animals having a notochord
  supertype:  phylum  (biology) the major taxonomic group of animals and plants; contains classes
  member of:  kingdom_Animalia
  member:  chordate  any animal of the phylum Chordata having a notochord or spinal column
  member:  chordate_family  any family in the phylum Chordata
  member:  chordate_genus  any genus in the phylum Chordata
  member:  subphylum_Cephalochordata__Cephalochordata  lancelets
     member:  cephalochordate  fishlike animals having a notochord rather than a true spinal column
     member:  family_Amphioxidae__Amphioxidae__Branchiostomidae__family_Branchiostomidae  lancelets
        member:  genus_Amphioxus  type genus of the Amphioxidae
           member:  lancelet__amphioxus__amphioxu  small translucent lancet-shaped burrowing marine animal; primitive forerunner of the vertebrates
  member:  subphylum_Urochordata__Urochordata__Urochorda__subphylum_Urochorda__Tunicata__subphylum_Tunicata  tunicates
     member:  tunicate__urochordate__urochord  primitive marine animal having a saclike unsegmented body and a urochord (a notochord) conspicuous in the larva
     member:  class_Ascidiaceae__Ascidiaceae  sometimes classified as an order: sea squirts
        member:  ascidian  minute sedentary marine invertebrate having a saclike body with siphons through which water enters and leaves
        member:  ascidian_tadpole  free-swimming larva of ascidians; they have a tail like a tadpole that contains the notochord
     member:  class_Thaliacea__Thaliacea  small class of free-swimming tunicates; sometimes classified as an order
        member:  family_Salpidae__Salpidae  a small family of tunicates in the class Thaliacea
           member:  genus_Salpa  type (perhaps sole) genus of the Salpidae
              member:  salp__salpa  minute floating marine tunicate having a transparent body with an opening at each end
        member:  family_Doliolidae__Doliolidae  oceanic tunicates
           member:  genus_Doliolum  type genus of the Doliolidae
              member:  doliolum  free-swimming oceanic tunicate with a barrel-shaped transparent body
     member:  class_Larvacea__Larvacea  small free-swimming tunicates; sometimes classified as an order
        member:  larvacean  any member of the class Larvacea
        member:  genus_Appendicularia  a genus of chordates in the class Larvacea
           member:  appendicularia  free-swimming tadpole-shaped pelagic tunicate resembling larvae of other tunicates
  member:  subphylum_Vertebrata__Vertebrata__Craniata__subphylum_Craniata  fishes; amphibians; reptiles; birds; mammals
     member:  fish_family  any of various families of fish
     member:  fish_genus  any of various genus of fish
     member:  vertebrate__craniate  animals having a bony or cartilaginous skeleton with a segmented spinal column and a large brain enclosed in a skull or cranium
     member:  Amniota  higher vertebrates (reptiles; birds; mammals) possessing an amnion during development
        member:  amniote  any member of the Amniota
     member:  superclass_Agnatha__Agnatha  superclass of eel-shaped chordates lacking jaws and pelvic fins: lampreys; hagfishes; some extinct forms
        member:  jawless_vertebrate__jawlessvertebrate__jawless_fish__jawlessfish__agnathan  eel-shaped vertebrate without jaws or paired appendages including the cyclostomes and some extinct forms
        member:  order_Ostracodermi__Ostracodermi  extinct group of armored jawless vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear
           member:  ostracoderm  extinct fishlike jawless vertebrate having a heavily armored body; of the Paleozoic
           member:  suborder_Heterostraci__Heterostraci  extinct group of armored jawless fishes or fishlike vertebrate; taxonomy is not clear
              member:  heterostracan  extinct jawless fish with the anterior part of the body covered with bony plates; of the Silurian and Devonian
           member:  suborder_Osteostraci__Osteostraci__Cephalaspida__suborder_Cephalaspida  extinct group of armored fishlike vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear
              member:  osteostracan__cephalaspid  extinct jawless fish of the Devonian with armored head
        member:  order_Anaspida__Anaspida  extinct order of jawless vertebrates
           member:  anaspid  extinct small freshwater jawless fish usually having a heterocercal tail and an armored head; of the Silurian and Devonian
        member:  order_Conodonta__Conodonta__Conodontophorida__order_Conodontophorida  extinct order of primitive vertebrates; the precise taxonomy is not clear; in some classifications considered a separate phylum
           member:  conodont  small (2 in) extinct eellike fish with a finned tail and a notochord and having cone-shaped teeth containing cellular bone; late Cambrian to late Triassic; possible predecessor of the cyclostomes
        member:  order_Cyclostomata__Cyclostomata  primitive jawless aquatic vertebrate: lampreys; hagfishes
           member:  cyclostome  primitive aquatic vertebrate
           member:  suborder_Petromyzoniformes__Petromyzoniformes__Hyperoartia__suborder_Hyperoartia  lampreys as distinguished from hagfishes
           member:  family_Petromyzontidae__Petromyzontidae  lampreys
              member:  lamprey_eel__lampreyeel__lamprey__lamper_eel  primitive eellike freshwater or anadromous cyclostome having round sucking mouth with a rasping tongue
              member:  genus_Petromyzon__Petromyzon  typical lampreys
                 member:  sea_lamprey__sealamprey__Petromyzon_marinus  large anadromous lamprey sometimes used as food; destructive of native fish fauna in the Great Lakes
           member:  suborder_Myxiniformes__Myxiniformes__Hyperotreta__suborder_Hyperotreta__Myxinoidei__Myxinoidea__suborder_Myxinoidei  hagfishes as distinguished from lampreys
           member:  family_Myxinidae__Myxinidae  slime-producing marine animals: hagfishes
              member:  hagfish__slime_eels  eellike cyclostome having a tongue with horny teeth in a round mouth surrounded by eight tentacles; feeds on dead or trapped fishes by boring into their bodies
              member:  genus_Myxine__Myxine  type genus of the Myxinidae (typical hagfishes)
                 member:  Myxine_glutinosa  typical hagfish
              member:  genus_Eptatretus  a genus of fossil fish of the family Myxinidae
                 member:  eptatretus  a fossil hagfish of the genus Eptatretus
              member:  genus_Myxinikela__Myxinikela  fossil hagfishes
                 member:  Myxinikela_siroka  fossil hagfish of the Pennsylvanian period (c. 300 million years ago) that resembled modern hagfishes
     member:  superclass_Gnathostomata__Gnathostomata  comprising all vertebrates with upper and lower jaws
        member:  gnathostome  a vertebrate animal possessing true jaws
     member:  class_Placodermi__Placodermi  extinct group of bony-plated fishes with primitive jaws
        member:  placoderm  fishlike vertebrate with bony plates on head and upper body; dominant in seas and rivers during the Devonian; considered the earliest vertebrate with jaws
     member:  class_Chondrichthyes__Chondrichthyes  cartilaginous fishes
        member:  cartilaginous_fish__cartilaginousfish__chondrichthian  fishes in which the skeleton may be calcified but not ossified
        member:  subclass_Holocephali__Holocephali  chimaeras and extinct forms
           member:  holocephalan  fish with high compressed head and a body tapering off into a long tail
           member:  family_Chimaeridae__Chimaeridae  a family of Holocephali
              member:  genus_Chimaera  type genus of the Chimaeridae
                 member:  chimaera  smooth-skinned deep-sea fish with a tapering body and long threadlike tail
        member:  subclass_Elasmobranchii__Elasmobranchii__Selachii__subclass_Selachii  sharks; rays; dogfishes; skates
           member:  elasmobranch__selachian  any of numerous fishes of the class Chondrichthyes characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton and placoid scales: sharks; rays; skates
           member:  family_Hexanchidae__Hexanchidae  primitive sharks
              member:  genus_Hexanchus__Hexanchus  a genus of Hexanchidae
                 member:  cow_shark__cowshark__six-gilled_shark__Hexanchus_griseus  large primitive shark widely distributed in warm seas
           member:  family_Lamnidae__Lamnidae  oceanic sharks
              member:  mackerel_shark  fierce pelagic and oceanic sharks
              member:  genus_Lamna__Lamna  a genus of Lamnidae
                 member:  porbeagle__Lamna_nasus  voracious pointed-nose shark of northern Atlantic and Pacific
              member:  genus_Carcharodon__Carcharodon  man-eating sharks
                 member:  great_white_shark__greatwhiteshark__white_shark__whiteshark__man-eater__maneater__man-eating_shark__Carcharodon_carcharias  large aggressive shark widespread in warm seas; known to attack humans
              member:  genus_Cetorhinus__Cetorhinus  comprising only the basking sharks; in some classifications considered the type genus of a separate family Cetorhinidae
                 member:  basking_shark__baskingshark__Cetorhinus_maximus  large harmless plankton-eating northern shark; often swims slowly or floats at the sea surface
           member:  family_Cetorhinidae__Cetorhinidae  in some older classifications considered the family of the basking sharks
           member:  family_Alopiidae__Alopiidae  thresher sharks
              member:  genus_Alopius__Alopius  type genus of the family Alopiidae; in some classifications considered a genus of the family Lamnidae
                 member:  thresher_shark__thresher__thrasher__fox_shark__foxshark__Alopius_vulpinus  large pelagic shark of warm seas with a whiplike tail used to round up small fish on which to feed
           member:  family_Orectolobidae__Orectolobidae  nurse sharks and carpet sharks
              member:  genus_Orectolobus__Orectolobus  carpet sharks
                 member:  carpet_shark__Orectolobus_barbatus  shark of the western Pacific with flattened body and mottled skin
              member:  genus_Ginglymostoma__Ginglymostoma  nurse sharks
                 member:  nurse_shark__Ginglymostoma_cirratum  small bottom-dwelling shark of warm shallow waters on both coasts of North and South America and from southeast Asia to Australia
           member:  family_Carchariidae__Carchariidae__Odontaspididae__family_Odontaspididae  sand sharks; in some classifications coextensive with family Carcharhinidae
              member:  genus_Carcharias__Carcharias__Odontaspis__genus_Odontaspis  type and sole genus of Carchariidae: sand sharks
                 member:  sand_tiger__sand_shark__Carcharias_taurus__Odontaspis_taurus  shallow-water shark with sharp jagged teeth found on both sides of Atlantic; sometimes dangerous to swimmers
           member:  family_Rhincodontidae__Rhincodontidae  small-toothed sharks comprising only one species
              member:  genus_Rhincodon__Rhincodon  whale sharks
                 member:  whale_shark__whaleshark__Rhincodon_typus  large spotted shark of warm surface waters worldwide; resembles a whale and feeds chiefly on plankton
           member:  family_Scyliorhinidae__Scyliorhinidae  small bottom-dwelling sharks
              member:  cat_shark__catshark  small bottom-dwelling sharks with catlike eyes; found along continental slopes
           member:  family_Carcharhinidae__Carcharhinidae  largest family of living sharks; found worldwide especially in tropical waters; dorsal fin lacks spines: requiem sharks including tiger sharks and soupfin sharks
              member:  requiem_shark__requiemshark  any of numerous sharks from small relatively harmless bottom-dwellers to large dangerous oceanic and coastal species
              member:  genus_Carcharhinus__Carcharhinus  type genus of the Carcharhinidae
                 member:  bull_shark__cub_shark__cubshark__Carcharhinus_leucas  a most common shark in temperate and tropical coastal waters worldwide; heavy-bodied and dangerous
                 member:  sandbar_shark__sandbarshark__Carcharhinus_plumbeus  most common gray shark along coasts of middle Atlantic states; sluggish and occasionally caught by fishermen
                 member:  blacktip_shark__sandbar_shark__sandbarshark__Carcharhinus_limbatus  widely distributed shallow-water shark with fins seemingly dipped in ink
                 member:  oceanic_whitetip_shark__whitetip_shark__white-tipped_shark__Carcharinus_longimanus  large deep-water shark with white-tipped dorsal fin; worldwide distribution; most dangerous shark
                 member:  dusky_shark__duskyshark__Carcharhinus_obscurus  relatively slender blue-gray shark; nearly worldwide in tropical and temperate waters
              member:  genus_Negaprion__Negaprion  lemon sharks
                 member:  lemon_shark__Negaprion_brevirostris  common shallow-water schooling shark of the Atlantic from North Carolina to Brazil and off west Africa; dangerous
              member:  genus_Prionace__Prionace  blue sharks
                 member:  great_blue_shark__blue_shark__Prionace_glauca  slender cosmopolitan, pelagic shark; blue body shades to white belly; dangerous especially during maritime disasters
              member:  genus_Galeocerdo__Galeocerdo  tiger sharks
                 member:  tiger_shark__Galeocerdo_cuvieri  large dangerous warm-water shark with striped or spotted body
              member:  genus_Galeorhinus__Galeorhinus  a genus of Carcharhinidae
                 member:  soupfin_shark__soupfinshark__soupfin__Galeorhinus_zyopterus  Pacific shark valued for its fins (used by Chinese in soup) and liver (rich in vitamin A)
           member:  family_Triakidae__Triakidae  small smooth-skinned sharks lacking spines on dorsal fins
              member:  genus_Mustelus__Mustelus  smooth dogfishes
                 member:  American_smooth_dogfish__Mustelus_canis  found along the Atlantic coast of the Americas
                 member:  Florida_smoothhound__Mustelus_norrisi  found from the northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
              member:  smooth_dogfish  small bottom-dwelling shark found along both Atlantic coasts
              member:  genus_Triaenodon__Triaenodon  a genus of Triakidae
                 member:  reef_whitetip_shark__whitetip_shark__Triaenodon_obseus  smooth dogfish of Pacific and Indian oceans and Red Sea having white-tipped dorsal and caudal fins
           member:  family_Squalidae__Squalidae  dogfishes having a spine in each dorsal fin
              member:  spiny_dogfish__spinydogfish  small bottom-dwelling dogfishes
              member:  genus_Squalus__Squalus  spiny dogfishes
                 member:  Atlantic_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_acanthias  destructive dogfish of American and European Atlantic coastal waters; widely used in anatomy classes
                 member:  Pacific_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_suckleyi  dogfish of Pacific coast of North America
           member:  family_Sphyrnidae__Sphyrnidae  hammerhead sharks; bonnethead sharks
              member:  genus_Sphyrna__Sphyrna  type genus of the Sphyrnidae
                 member:  hammerhead_shark__hammerhead  medium-sized live-bearing shark with eyes at either end of a flattened hammer-shaped head; worldwide in warm waters; can be dangerous
           member:  family_Squatinidae__Squatinidae  bottom-dwelling ray-like sharks
              member:  genus_Squatina__Squatina  type genus of the Squatinidae: angel sharks
                 member:  angel_shark__angelshark__angelfish__Squatina_squatina__monkfish  sharks with broad flat bodies and winglike pectoral fins but that swim the way sharks do
           member:  order_Torpediniformes__Torpediniformes  rays with torpedo-shaped bodies
              member:  family_Torpedinidae__Torpedinidae  electric rays
                 member:  electric_ray__crampfish__numbfish__torpedo  any sluggish bottom-dwelling ray of the order Torpediniformes having a rounded body and electric organs on each side of the head capable of emitting strong electric discharges
           member:  order_Rajiformes__Rajiformes__Batoidei__order_Batoidei  fish with dorsoventrally flattened bodies; includes: rays; skates; guitarfishes; sawfishes
              member:  family_Pristidae__Pristidae  large primitive rays with elongated snouts
                 member:  sawfish  primitive ray with sharp teeth on each edge of a long flattened snout
                 member:  genus_Pristis__Pristis  type genus of the Pristidae
                    member:  smalltooth_sawfish__Pristis_pectinatus  commonly found in tropical bays and estuaries; not aggressive
              member:  family_Rhinobatidae__Rhinobatidae  primitive rays with guitar-shaped bodies
                 member:  guitarfish  primitive tropical bottom-dwelling ray with a guitar-shaped body
              member:  family_Dasyatidae__Dasyatidae  sting rays
                 member:  stingray  large venomous ray with large barbed spines near the base of a thin whiplike tail capable of inflicting severe wounds
                 member:  genus_Dasyatis__Dasyatis  type genus of the Dasyatidae
                    member:  roughtail_stingray__roughtailstingray__Dasyatis_centroura  one of the largest stingrays; found from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras
                 member:  genus_Gymnura__Gymnura  butterfly rays
                    member:  butterfly_ray__butterflyray  short-tailed broad-finned stingray
              member:  family_Myliobatidae__Myliobatidae  eagle rays
                 member:  eagle_ray__eagleray  powerful free-swimming tropical ray noted for `soaring' by flapping winglike fins; usually harmless but has venomous tissue near base of the tail as in stingrays
                 member:  genus_Aetobatus__Aetobatus  a genus of Myliobatidae
                    member:  spotted_eagle_ray__spottedeagleray__spotted_ray__spottedray__Aetobatus_narinari  ray with back covered with white or yellow spots; widely distributed in warm seas
                 member:  genus_Rhinoptera__Rhinoptera  a genus of Myliobatidae
                    member:  cownose_ray__cownoseray__cow-nosed_ray__cownosedray__Rhinoptera_bonasus  large ray found along eastern coast of North America
              member:  family_Mobulidae__Mobulidae  large rays lacking venomous spines: mantas
                 member:  manta_ray__mantaray__manta__devilfish  extremely large pelagic tropical ray that feeds on plankton and small fishes; usually harmless but its size make it dangerous if harpooned
                 member:  genus_Manta  a genus of Mobulidae
                    member:  Atlantic_manta__Manta_birostris  largest manta (to 22 feet across wings); found worldwide but common in Gulf of Mexico and along southern coasts of United States; primarily oceanic
                 member:  genus_Mobula__Mobula  type genus of the Mobulidae
                    member:  devil_ray__devilray__Mobula_hypostoma  small manta (to 4 feet) that travels in schools
              member:  family_Rajidae__Rajidae  bottom-dwelling tropical rays: skates
                 member:  skate  large edible rays having a long snout and thick tail with pectoral fins continuous with the head; swim by undulating the edges of the pectoral fins
                 member:  genus_Raja__Raja  type genus of the family Rajidae
                    member:  gray_skate__Raja_batis  common European skate used as food
                    member:  little_skate__Raja_erinacea  most plentiful skate in North American inshore waters in summer; to 21 inches
                    member:  thorny_skate__Raja_radiata  cold-water bottom fish with spines on the back; to 40 inches
                    member:  barndoor_skate__Raja_laevis  one of the largest skates (to 5 feet); an active skate easy to hook
     member:  class_Aves__Aves  birds
        member:  bird  warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings
        member:  genus_Protoavis  extinct primitive birds of the Triassic period; 70 million years before archaeopteryx
           member:  protoavis__protoavi  most primitive avian type known; extinct bird of the Triassic having birdlike jaw and hollow limbs and breastbone with dinosaur-like tail and hind limbs
        member:  subclass_Archaeornithes__Archaeornithes  primitive reptile-like fossil birds of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous
           member:  genus_Archaeopteryx__genus_Archeopteryx  a genus of fossil birds
              member:  archaeopteryx__archeopteryx__Archaeopteryx_lithographica  extinct primitive toothed bird of the Upper Jurassic having a long feathered tail and hollow bones; usually considered the most primitive of all birds
           member:  genus_Sinornis  a genus of fossil birds
              member:  Sinornis  sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous having a keeled breastbone and vestigial tail; found in China; considered possibly the second most primitive of all birds
           member:  genus_Ibero-mesornis  a genus of fossil bird of the subclass Archaeornithes
              member:  Ibero-mesornis  sparrow-sized fossil bird of the Lower Cretaceous having a vestigial tail; found in Spain; considered possibly the third most primitive of all birds
           member:  genus_Archaeornis  a genus of fossil bird
              member:  archaeornis__archaeorni  extinct primitive toothed bird with a long feathered tail and three free clawed digits on each wing
        member:  superorder_Ratitae__Ratitae  used in former classifications to include all ratite bird orders
           member:  order_Tinamiformes__Tinamiformes  coextensive with the family Tinamidae
              member:  family_Tinamidae__Tinamidae  comprising the tinamous
                 member:  tinamou__partridge  heavy-bodied small-winged South American game bird resembling a gallinaceous bird but related to the ratite birds
        member:  order_Struthioniformes__Struthioniformes  a ratite bird order: ostriches and related extinct birds; known from the Pleistocene onward
           member:  family_Struthionidae__Struthionidae  tall terrestrial birds: ostriches
              member:  genus_Struthio__Struthio  type genus of the Struthionidae: African ostriches
                 member:  ostrich__struthiocamelu  fast-running African flightless bird with two-toed feet; largest living bird
        member:  order_Casuariiformes__Casuariiformes  a ratite bird order: cassowaries and emus
           member:  family_Casuaridae__Casuaridae  a family of large ostrich-like birds including cassowaries
              member:  genus_Casuarius__Casuarius  type and sole genus of the Casuaridae: cassowaries
                 member:  cassowary  large black flightless bird of Australia and New Guinea having a horny head crest
           member:  genus_Dromaius__Dromaius  a genus of birds in the order Casuariiformes
              member:  emu__Dromaius_novaehollandiae__Emu_novaehollandiae  large Australian flightless bird similar to the ostrich but smaller
        member:  order_Apterygiformes__Apterygiformes  a ratite bird order: flightless ground birds having vestigial wings and long bills and small eyes: kiwis
           member:  family_Apterygidae__Apterygidae  coextensive with the order Apterygiformes
              member:  genus_Apteryx  type genus of the Apterygidae: kiwis
                 member:  kiwi__apteryx  nocturnal flightless bird of New Zealand having a long neck and stout legs; only surviving representative of the order Apterygiformes
        member:  order_Rheiformes__Rheiformes  a ratite bird order: birds intermediate in characteristics between ostriches and emus: recent and extinct rheas
           member:  family_Rheidae__Rheidae  a family of birds coextensive with the order Rheiformes
              member:  genus_Rhea  type genus of the Rheidae; large tall flightless South American birds similar to but smaller than ostriches
                 member:  Rhea_americana__rhea  larger of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Brazil to Patagonia
              member:  genus_Pterocnemia__Pterocnemia  a genus of birds of the family Rheidae
                 member:  rhea__nandu__Pterocnemia_pennata  smaller of two tall fast-running flightless birds similar to ostriches but three-toed; found from Peru to Straits of Magellan
        member:  order_Aepyorniformes__Aepyorniformes  huge extinct flightless birds: elephant birds
           member:  family_Aepyornidae__Aepyornidae  coextensive with the order Aepyorniformes
              member:  genus_Aepyornis  type genus of the Aepyornidae: elephant birds
                 member:  elephant_bird__aepyornis__aepyorni  huge (to 9 ft.) extinct flightless bird of Madagascar
        member:  order_Dinornithiformes__Dinornithiformes  a ratite bird order: recently extinct flightless birds of New Zealand
           member:  family_Dinornithidae__Dinornithidae  moas
              member:  genus_Dinornis__Dinornis  type genus of the Dinornithidae: large moas
                 member:  giant_moa__giantmoa__Dinornis_giganteus  the largest moa; about 12 feet high
              member:  moa  extinct flightless bird of New Zealand
              member:  genus_Anomalopteryx  small moas
                 member:  anomalopteryx__Anomalopteryx_oweni  the smallest moa; slender moa about the size of a large turkey
        member:  order_Insessores__Insessores__perching_birds__perchers  birds with feet adapted for perching on trees; this order is now generally abandoned by taxonomists
        member:  order_Passeriformes__Passeriformes  largest order of birds comprising about half the known species: rooks; finches; sparrows; tits; warblers; robins; wrens; swallows; etc.; in four suborders: Eurylaimi; Tyranni; Menurae: Oscines or Passeres
           member:  passerine__passeriform_bird__passeriformbird  perching birds mostly small and living near the ground with feet having 4 toes arranged to allow for gripping the perch; most are songbirds; hatchlings are helpless
           member:  suborder_Oscines__Oscines__Passeres__suborder_Passeres  two names for the suborder of typical songbirds
              member:  oscine_bird__oscine  passerine bird having specialized vocal apparatus
              member:  family_Meliphagidae__Meliphagidae  honey eaters
                 member:  honey_eater__honeyeater__honeysucker  Australasian bird with tongue and bill adapted for extracting nectar
              member:  family_Prunellidae__Prunellidae  hedge sparrow
                 member:  genus_Prunella__Prunella  type genus of the Prunellidae
                    member:  accentor  small sparrow-like songbird of mountainous regions of Eurasia
              member:  family_Alaudidae__Alaudidae  larks
                 member:  lark  any of numerous predominantly Old World birds noted for their singing
                 member:  genus_Alauda__Alauda  type genus of the Alaudidae: skylarks
                    member:  skylark__alaudaarvensi  brown-speckled European lark noted for singing while hovering at a great height
              member:  family_Motacillidae__Motacillidae  pipits and wagtails
                 member:  genus_Motacilla__Motacilla  type genus of the Motacillidae: wagtails
                    member:  wagtail  Old World bird having a very long tail that jerks up and down as it walks
                 member:  genus_Anthus__Anthus  pipits
                    member:  pipit__titlark__lark  small songbirds resembling larks
              member:  family_Fringillidae__Fringillidae  finches: goldfinches; bullfinches; chaffinches; siskins; canaries; cardinals; grosbeaks; crossbills; linnets; buntings
                 member:  finch  any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds
                 member:  genus_Fringilla__Fringilla  type genus of the Fringillidae: chaffinch, brambling
                    member:  chaffinch__Fringilla_coelebs  small European finch with a cheerful song
                    member:  brambling__Fringilla_montifringilla  Eurasian finch
                 member:  subfamily_Carduelinae__Carduelinae  used in some classifications for a subgroup of finches
                 member:  genus_Carduelis__Carduelis  in some classifications considered the type genus of a subfamily Carduelinae of the Fringillidae: goldfinches; siskins; redpolls; linnets
                    member:  goldfinch__Carduelis_carduelis  small European finch having a crimson face and yellow-and-black wings
                    member:  linnet__Carduelis_cannabina  small Old World finch whose male has a red breast and forehead
                    member:  red_siskin__redsiskin__Carduelis_cucullata  South American species of scarlet finch with black head and wings and tail
                    member:  Carduelis_flammea__redpoll  small siskin-like finch with a red crown
                    member:  redpoll__Carduelis_hornemanni  small siskin-like finch with a red crown
                 member:  genus_Spinus__Spinus  in some classifications considered a subgenus of Carduelis: siskins and New World goldfinches
                    member:  New_world_goldfinch__goldfinch__yellowbird__Spinus_tristis  American finch whose male has yellow body plumage in summer
                    member:  pine_siskin__pine_finch__Spinus_pinus  small finch of North American coniferous forests
                 member:  genus_Carpodacus__Carpodacus  house finches and purple finches
                    member:  house_finch__housefinch__linnet__Carpodacus_mexicanus  small finch originally of the western United States and Mexico
                    member:  purple_finch__Carpodacus_purpureus  North American finch having a raspberry-red head and breast and rump
                 member:  genus_Serinus__Serinus  Old World finches: e.g. canaries and serins
                    member:  canary_bird__canary  any of several small Old World finches
                    member:  serin  any of various brown and yellow finches of pats of Europe
                 member:  genus_Loxia__Loxia  crossbill
                    member:  crossbill__Loxia_curvirostra  finch with a bill whose tips cross when closed
                 member:  genus_Pyrrhula__Pyrrhula  bullfinches
                    member:  bullfinch__Pyrrhula_pyrrhula  common European finch mostly black and white with red throat and breast
                 member:  genus_Junco  American finches
                    member:  junco__snowbird  small North American finch seen chiefly in winter
                 member:  genus_Pooecetes__Pooecetes  a genus of Fringillidae
                    member:  vesper_sparrow__grass_finch__grassfinch__Pooecetes_gramineus  common North American finch noted for its evening song
                 member:  genus_Zonotrichia__Zonotrichia  large New World sparrows
                    member:  white-throated_sparrow__whitethroat__Zonotrichia_albicollis  common North American finch with a white patch on the throat and black-and-white striped crown
                    member:  white-crowned_sparrow__whitecrownedsparrow__Zonotrichia_leucophrys  finch with black-and-white striped crown
                 member:  genus_Spizella__Spizella  chipping sparrow; field sparrow; tree sparrow
                    member:  chipping_sparrow__Spizella_passerina  small North American finch common in urban areas
                    member:  field_sparrow__fieldsparrow__Spizella_pusilla  common North American finch of brushy pasturelands
                    member:  Spizella_arborea__tree_sparrow  finch common in winter in the northern U.S.
                 member:  genus_Melospiza__Melospiza  American song sparrow and swamp sparrow
                    member:  song_sparrow__Melospiza_melodia  small songbird common in North America
                    member:  swamp_sparrow__swampsparrow__Melospiza_georgiana  North American finch of marshy area
                 member:  subfamily_Emberizidae__Emberizidae__subfamily_Emberizinae  buntings and some New World sparrows
                    member:  genus_Passerina__genuspasserina__Passerina  small North American bush-loving finches: New World buntings
                       member:  indigo_bunting__indigo_finch__indigo_bird__Passerina_cyanea  small deep blue North American bunting
                    member:  genus_Emberiza__Emberiza  Old World buntings
                       member:  ortolan_bunting__ortolanbunting__ortolan__Emberiza_hortulana  brownish Old World bunting often eaten as a delicacy
                       member:  reed_bunting__Emberiza_schoeniclus  European bunting inhabiting marshy areas
                       member:  yellowhammer__yellow_bunting__Emberiza_citrinella  European bunting the male being bright yellow
                       member:  yellow-breasted_bunting__Emberiza_aureola  common in Russia and Siberia
                    member:  genus_Plectrophenax__Plectrophenax  snow bunting
                       member:  snow_bunting__snowbird__snowflake__Plectrophenax_nivalis  white arctic bunting
                 member:  genus_Hesperiphona__Hesperiphona  evening grosbeak
                    member:  evening_grosbeak__eveninggrosbeak__Hesperiphona_vespertina  North American grosbeak
                 member:  genus_Coccothraustes__Coccothraustes  large finches
                    member:  hawfinch__Coccothraustes_coccothraustes  a common large finch of Eurasia
                 member:  genus_Pinicola__Pinicola  a genus of Fringillidae
                    member:  pine_grosbeak__Pinicola_enucleator  large grosbeak of coniferous forests of Old and New Worlds
                 member:  genus_Richmondena__Richmondena  cardinals
                    member:  cardinal_grosbeak__cardinal__Richmondena_Cardinalis__Cardinalis_cardinalis__redbird  crested thick-billed North American finch having bright red plumage in the male
                 member:  genus_Pyrrhuloxia  large showy finches related to cardinals
                    member:  pyrrhuloxia__Pyrrhuloxia_sinuata  crested gray-and-red bird of southwest United States and Mexico
                 member:  genus_Pipilo__Pipilo  towhees
                    member:  chewink__Pipilo_erythrophthalmus  common towhee of eastern North America
                 member:  genus_Chlorura__Chlorura  towhees
                    member:  green-tailed_towhee__Chlorura_chlorura  towhee of the Rocky mountain region
              member:  family_Coerebidae__Coerebidae__Dacninae__family_Dacninae  the honeycreepers
                 member:  honeycreeper  small bright-colored tropical American songbird with a curved bill for sucking nectar
                 member:  genus_Coereba__Coereba  type genus of the Coerebidae
                    member:  banana_quit  any of several honeycreepers
              member:  family_Passeridae__Passeridae  true sparrows: Old world birds formerly considered weaverbirds
                 member:  true_sparrow__sparrow  any of several small dull-colored singing birds feeding on seeds or insects
                 member:  genus_Passer__Passer  type genus of the Passeridae
                    member:  English_sparrow__house_sparrow__housesparrow__Passer_domesticus  small hardy brown-and-gray bird native to Europe
                    member:  tree_sparrow__Passer_montanus  Eurasian sparrow smaller than the house sparrow
              member:  family_Ploceidae__Ploceidae  weaverbirds
                 member:  weaver_finch__weaver__weaverbird  finch-like African and Asian colonial birds noted for their elaborately woven nests
                 member:  genus_Ploceus__Ploceus  type genus of the Ploceidae
                 member:  genus_Vidua__Vidua  whydahs
                    member:  whydah__whidah__widow_bird__widowbird  mostly black African weaverbird
                 member:  genus_Padda__Padda  a genus of Ploceidae
                    member:  Java_sparrow__Java_finch__ricebird__Padda_oryzivora  small finch-like Indonesian weaverbird that frequents rice fields
                 member:  genus_Estrilda__Estrilda  avadavats
                    member:  avadavat__amadavat  red Asian weaverbirds often kept as cage birds
                 member:  genus_Poephila__Poephila  grassfinches
                    member:  grassfinch__grass_finch__grassfinch  usually brightly-colored Australian weaverbirds; often kept as cage birds
                    member:  zebra_finch__zebrafinch__Poephila_castanotis  small Australian weaverbird with markings like a zebra's
              member:  family_Drepanididae__Drepanididae  Hawaiian honeycreepers
                 member:  Hawaiian_honeycreeper__honeycreeper  small to medium-sized finches of the Hawaiian islands
                 member:  genus_Drepanis__Drepanis  a genus of Drepanididae
                    member:  mamo  black honeycreepers with yellow feathers around the tail; now extinct
              member:  family_Muscicapidae__Muscicapidae  Old World (true) flycatchers
                 member:  Old_World_flycatcher__true_flycatcher__flycatcher  any of a large group of small songbirds that feed on insects taken on the wing
                 member:  genus_Muscicapa__Muscicapa  type genus of the Muscicapidae
                    member:  spotted_flycatcher__spottedflycatcher__Muscicapa_striata__Muscicapa_grisola  common European woodland flycatcher with grayish-brown plumage
                 member:  genus_Pachycephala__Pachycephala  arboreal insectivorous birds
                    member:  thickhead__whistler  Australian and southeastern Asian birds with a melodious whistling call
                 member:  subfamily_Turdinae__Turdinae  alternative classification for the thrushes
                    member:  genus_Sialia__Sialia  North American bluebirds
                       member:  bluebird  blue North American songbird
                 member:  subfamily_Sylviinae__Sylviinae  alternative classification for the Old World warblers
              member:  family_Turdidae__Turdidae  thrushes; in some classifications considered a subfamily (Turdinae) of the family Muscicapidae
                 member:  thrush  songbirds characteristically having brownish upper plumage with a spotted breast
                 member:  genus_Turdus__Turdus  type genus of the Turdidae
                    member:  missel_thrush__mistle_thrush__mistletoe_thrush__mistletoethrush__Turdus_viscivorus  large European thrush that feeds on mistletoe berries
                    member:  song_thrush__mavis__mavi__throstle__Turdus_philomelos  common Old World thrush noted for its song
                    member:  fieldfare__snowbird__Turdus_pilaris  medium-sized Eurasian thrush seen chiefly in winter
                    member:  redwing__Turdus_iliacus  small European thrush having reddish flanks
                    member:  European_blackbird__blackbird__merl__merle__ouzel__ousel__Turdus_merula  common black European thrush
                    member:  ring_ouzel__ring_blackbird__ring_thrush__Turdus_torquatus  European thrush common in rocky areas; the male has blackish plumage with a white band around the neck
                    member:  American_robin__robin__Turdus_migratorius  large American thrush having a rust-red breast and abdomen
                    member:  clay-colored_robin__Turdus_grayi  robin of Mexico and Central America
                 member:  genus_Hylocichla__Hylocichla  American thrushes: wood thrush; hermit thrush; veery
                    member:  hermit_thrush__Hylocichla_guttata  North American thrush noted for its complex and appealing song
                    member:  veery__Wilson's_thrush__Hylocichla_fuscescens  tawny brown North American thrush noted for its song
                 member:  genus_Luscinia__Luscinia  nightingales
                    member:  nightingale__lusciniamegarhyncho  European songbird noted for its melodious nocturnal song
                    member:  thrush_nightingale__Luscinia_luscinia  large nightingale of eastern Europe
                 member:  genus_Saxicola__Saxicola  Old World chats
                    member:  Old_World_chat__chat  songbirds having a chattering call
                 member:  genus_Myadestes__Myadestes  solitaires
                    member:  solitaire  dull gray North American thrushes noted for its beautiful song
                 member:  genus_Phoenicurus__Phoenicurus  Old World thrushes
                    member:  redstart__redtail  European songbird with a reddish breast and tail; related to Old World robins
                 member:  genus_Oenanthe__Oenanthe  wheatears
                    member:  wheatear  small songbird of northern America and Eurasia having a distinctive white rump
                 member:  genus_Erithacus__Erithacus  Old World thrushes
                    member:  robin_redbreast__robinredbreast__robin__redbreast__Old_World_robin__Erithacus_rubecola  small Old World songbird with a reddish breast
                    member:  bluethroat__Erithacus_svecicus  songbird of northern Europe and Asia
              member:  family_Sylviidae__Sylviidae  in some classifications considered a subfamily (Sylviinae) of the family Muscicapidae: Old World (true) warblers; American kinglets and gnatcatchers
                 member:  genus_Polioptila__Polioptila  New World gnatcatchers
                    member:  gnatcatcher  very small North and South American warblers
                 member:  genus_Regulus__Regulus  a genus of birds of the family Sylviidae including kinglets
                    member:  kinglet  small birds resembling warblers but having some of the habits of titmice
                 member:  Old_World_warbler__true_warbler  small active brownish or grayish Old World birds
                 member:  genus_Silvia__Silvia  type genus of the Sylviidae: warblers
                    member:  blackcap__Silvia_atricapilla  small brownish-gray warbler with a black crown
                 member:  genus_Phylloscopus__Phylloscopus  warblers
                 member:  genus_Acrocephalus__Acrocephalus  a genus of Sylviidae
                 member:  genus_Prinia__Prinia  a genus of Sylviidae
                    member:  wren_warbler  small Asiatic and African bird; constructs nests like those of tailorbirds
                 member:  genus_Orthotomus__Orthotomus  tailorbirds
                    member:  tailorbird__Orthotomus_sutorius  tropical Asian warbler that stitches leaves together to form and conceal its nest
              member:  family_Timaliidae__Timaliidae  babblers
                 member:  genus_Timalia__Timalia  type genus of the Timaliidae
                    member:  babbler__cackler  any of various insectivorous Old World birds with a loud incessant song; in some classifications considered members of the family Muscicapidae
              member:  family_Parulidae__Parulidae  New World warblers
                 member:  New_World_warbler__wood_warbler  small bright-colored American songbird with a weak unmusical song
                 member:  genus_Parula__Parula  type genus of the Parulidae: wood warblers
                    member:  parula_warbler__northern_parula__Parula_americana  small gray-blue wood warbler with yellow throat and breast; of eastern North America
                 member:  genus_Setophaga__Setophaga  a genus of Parulidae
                 member:  genus_Dendroica__Dendroica  a genus of Parulidae
                    member:  Cape_May_warbler__Dendroica_tigrina  North American wood warbler; olive green and yellow striped with black
                    member:  yellow_warbler__golden_warbler__yellowbird__Dendroica_petechia  yellow-throated American wood warbler
                    member:  Blackburn__Blackburnian_warbler__Dendroica_fusca  black-and-white North American wood warbler having an orange-and-black head and throat
                    member:  Audubon's_warbler__Audubon_warbler__Dendroica_auduboni  common warbler of western North America
                    member:  myrtle_warbler__myrtle_bird__Dendroica_coronata  similar to Audubon's warbler
                    member:  blackpoll__Dendroica_striate  North American warbler having a black-and-white head
                 member:  genus_Icteria__Icteria  New World chats
                    member:  New_World_chat__chat  birds having a chattering call
                 member:  genus_Seiurus__Seiurus  ovenbirds and water thrushes
                    member:  Seiurus_aurocapillus__ovenbird  American warbler; builds a dome-shaped nest on the ground
                    member:  water_thrush__waterthrush  brownish North American warbler found near streams
                 member:  genus_Geothlypis__Geothlypis  yellowthroats
                    member:  yellowthroat  small olive-colored American warblers with yellow breast and throat
              member:  family_Paradisaeidae__Paradisaeidae  birds of paradise
                 member:  bird_of_paradise  any of numerous brilliantly colored plumed birds of the New Guinea area
                 member:  genus_Ptloris__Ptloris  a genus of Paradisaeidae
              member:  family_Icteridae__Icteridae  American orioles; American blackbirds; bobolinks; meadowlarks
                 member:  New_World_oriole__American_oriole__oriole  American songbird; male is black and orange or yellow
                 member:  genus_Icterus__Icterus  type genus of the Icteridae
                    member:  northern_oriole__Icterus_galbula  a kind of New World oriole
                    member:  orchard_oriole__orchardoriole__Icterus_spurius  the male is chestnut-and-black
                 member:  genus_Sturnella__Sturnella  a genus of passerine birds including the meadowlarks
                    member:  meadowlark__lark  North American yellow-breasted songbirds
                 member:  genus_Cacicus__Cacicus  a genus of tropical American orioles
                    member:  cacique__cazique  black-and-red or black-and-yellow orioles of the American tropics
                 member:  genus_Dolichonyx__Dolichonyx  bobolinks
                    member:  bobolink__ricebird__reedbird__Dolichonyx_oryzivorus  migratory American songbird
                 member:  genus_Quiscalus__Quiscalus  grackles
                    member:  grackle__crowblackbird  long-tailed American blackbird having iridescent black plumage
                 member:  genus_Euphagus__Euphagus  a genus of Icteridae
                    member:  rusty_blackbird__rusty_grackle__rustygrackle__Euphagus_carilonus  North American blackbird whose bluish-black plumage is rusty-edged in the fall
                 member:  genus_Molothrus__Molothrus  cowbirds
                    member:  cowbird  North American blackbird that follows cattle and lays eggs in other birds' nests
                 member:  genus_Agelaius__Agelaius  red-winged blackbirds
                    member:  red-winged_blackbird__redwing__Agelaius_phoeniceus  North American blackbird with scarlet patches on the wings
              member:  family_Oriolidae__Oriolidae  Old World orioles
                 member:  Old_World_oriole__oriole  mostly tropical songbird; the male is usually bright orange and black
                 member:  genus_Oriolus__Oriolus  type genus of the Oriolidae
                    member:  golden_oriole__Oriolus_oriolus  bright yellow songbird with black wings
                 member:  genus_Sphecotheres__Sphecotheres  a genus of Old World orioles
                    member:  fig-bird__figbird  greenish-yellow Australian oriole feeding chiefly on figs and other fruits
              member:  family_Sturnidae__Sturnidae  Old World starlings
                 member:  starling  gregarious birds native to the Old World
                 member:  genus_Sturnus__Sturnus  type genus of the Sturnidae: common starlings
                    member:  common_starling__Sturnus_vulgaris  gregarious bird having plumage with dark metallic gloss; builds nests around dwellings and other structures; naturalized worldwide
                    member:  subgenus_Pastor__Pastor  only the rose-colored starlings; in some classifications considered a separate genus
                       member:  rose-colored_starling__rose-colored_pastor__Pastor_sturnus__Pastor_roseus  glossy black bird with pink back and abdomen; chiefly Asian
                 member:  genus_Acridotheres__Acridotheres  mynas
                    member:  crested_myna__crestedmyna__Acridotheres_tristis  dark brown crested bird of southeastern Asia
                 member:  genus_Gracula__Gracula  mynas
              member:  family_Corvidae__Corvidae  crow; raven; rook; jackdaw; chough; magpie; jay
                 member:  corvine_bird__corvinebird  birds of the crow family
                 member:  genus_Corvus__Corvus  type genus of the Corvidae: crows and ravens
                    member:  crow  black birds having a raucous call
                    member:  raven__Corvus_corax  large black bird with a straight bill and long wedge-shaped tail
                    member:  Corvus_frugilegus__rook  common gregarious Old World bird about the size and color of the American crow
                    member:  jackdaw__daw__Corvus_monedula  common black-and-gray Eurasian bird noted for thievery
                 member:  subfamily_Garrulinae__Garrulinae  subfamily of the crow family: jays
                    member:  jay  crested largely blue bird
                    member:  genus_Garrulus__Garrulus  type genus of the Garrulinae: Old World jays
                       member:  Old_World_jay  a European jay
                    member:  genus_Cyanocitta__Cyanocitta  New World jays
                       member:  blue_jay__jaybird__Cyanocitta_cristata  common jay of eastern North America; bright blue with grey breast
                    member:  genus_Perisoreus__Perisoreus  Canada jays
                       member:  Canada_jay__gray_jay__camp_robber__whisker_jack__whiskerjack__Perisoreus_canadensis  gray jay of northern North America with black-capped head and no crest; noted for boldness in thievery
                 member:  genus_Nucifraga__Nucifraga  nutcrackers
                    member:  nutcracker  speckled birds that feed on nuts
                 member:  genus_Pica__Pica  magpies
                    member:  magpie  long-tailed black-and-white bird that utters a chattering call
              member:  family_Cracticidae__Cracticidae  Australian birds formerly included in the family Laniidae
                 member:  Australian_magpie  black-and-white oscine birds that resemble magpies
                 member:  genus_Cracticus__Cracticus  type genus of the Cracticidae: Australian butcherbirds
                    member:  butcherbird.Australian_magpie  large carnivorous Australian bird with the shrike-like habit of impaling prey on thorns
                 member:  genus_Strepera__Strepera  bell magpies
                    member:  currawong__bell_magpie  bluish black fruit-eating bird with a bell-like call
                 member:  genus_Gymnorhina__Gymnorhina  in some classifications placed in the family Laniidae: Australian piping crows
                    member:  piping_crow-shrike__piping_crow__Gymnorhina_tibicen  crow-sized black-and-white bird; a good mimic often caged
              member:  family_Mimidae__Mimidae  sometimes considered a subfamily of Troglodytidae: mockingbirds; catbirds; thrashers
                 member:  genus_Mimus__Mimus  type genus of the family Mimidae: mockingbirds
                    member:  mockingbird__mocker__Mimus_polyglotktos  long-tailed gray-and-white songbird of the southern United States able to mimic songs of other birds
                 member:  genus_Melanotis__Melanotis  a genus of Mimidae
                    member:  blue_mockingbird__Melanotis_caerulescens  mockingbird of Mexico
                 member:  genus_Dumetella__Dumetella  catbirds
                    member:  gray_catbird__catbird__Dumetella_carolinensis  North American songbird whose call resembles a cat's mewing
                 member:  genus_Toxostoma__Toxostoma  thrashers
                    member:  thrasher__mocking_thrush__mockingthrush  thrush-like American songbird able to mimic other birdsongs
              member:  family_Xenicidae__Xenicidae__Acanthisittidae__family_Acanthisittidae  alternative names for the family comprising the New Zealand wrens
                 member:  New_Zealand_wren  birds of New Zealand that resemble wrens
                 member:  genus_Xenicus__Xenicus  type genus for the Xenicidae
                    member:  rock_wren__Xenicus_gilviventris  short-tailed bird resembling a wren
                 member:  genus_Acanthisitta__Acanthisitta  a genus of Xenicidae
                    member:  rifleman_bird__Acanthisitta_chloris  small green-and-bronze bird
              member:  family_Certhiidae__Certhiidae  creepers
                 member:  tree_creeper__creeper  any of various small insectivorous birds of the northern hemisphere that climb about on trees
                 member:  genus_Certhia__Certhia  type genus of the Certhiidae
                    member:  brown_creeper__browncreeper__American_creeper__Certhia_americana  common American brown creeper with down-curved bill
                 member:  genus_Tichodroma__Tichodroma  wall creepers; in some classifications placed in family Sittidae
                    member:  wall_creeper__tichodrome__Tichodroma_muriaria  crimson-and-gray songbird that inhabits town walls and mountain cliffs of southern Eurasia and northern Africa
              member:  family_Sittidae__Sittidae  nuthatches
                 member:  nuthatch__nutcracker  any of various small short-tailed sharp-beaked birds that creep on trees and feed on small nuts and insects
                 member:  genus_Sitta__Sitta  type genus of the Sittidae
                    member:  European_nuthatch__Sitta_europaea  a kind of nuthatch
                    member:  red-breasted_nuthatch__Sitta_canadensis  bluish-gray nuthatch with reddish breast; of northern coniferous forests
                    member:  white-breasted_nuthatch__Sitta_carolinensis  bluish-gray nuthatch with black head and white breast; of eastern North America
              member:  family_Paridae__Paridae  titmice and chickadees
                 member:  titmouse__tit  small insectivorous birds
                 member:  genus_Parus__Parus  type genus of the family Paridae
                    member:  chickadee  any of various small gray-and-black songbirds of North America
                    member:  tufted_titmouse__Parus_bicolor  crested titmouse of eastern and midwestern United States
                    member:  blue_tit__tomtit__Parus_caeruleus  widely distributed European titmouse with bright cobalt blue wings and tail and crown of the head
                 member:  genus_Psaltriparus__Psaltriparus  a genus of Paridae
                    member:  bushtit__bush_tit  active gray titmice of western North America
                 member:  genus_Chamaea__Chamaea  a genus of Paridae
                    member:  wren-tit__Chamaea_fasciata  small brown bird of California resembling a wren
                 member:  genus_Auriparus__Auriparus  a genus of Paridae
                    member:  verdin__Auriparus_flaviceps  very small yellow-headed titmouse of Western North America
              member:  family_Irenidae__Irenidae  a family of birds of the suborder Oscines
                 member:  genus_Irena__Irena  type genus of the Irenidae: fairy bluebirds
                    member:  fairy_bluebird__fairybluebird__bluebird  fruit-eating mostly brilliant blue songbird of the East Indies
              member:  family_Hirundinidae__Hirundinidae  swallows and martins
                 member:  genus_Hirundo__Hirundo  type genus of the Hirundinidae
                    member:  barn_swallow__chimney_swallow__chimneyswallow__Hirundo_rustica  common swallow of North America and Europe that nests in barns etc.
                    member:  cliff_swallow__cliffswallow__Hirundo_pyrrhonota  North American swallow that lives in colonies and builds bottle-shaped mud nests on cliffs and walls
                    member:  tree_swallow__tree_martin__Hirundo_nigricans  of Australia and Polynesia; nests in tree cavities
                 member:  genus_Iridoprocne__Iridoprocne  a genus of Hirundinidae
                 member:  genus_Delichon__Delichon  a genus of Hirundinidae
                    member:  house_martin__housemartin__Delichon_urbica  common small European martin that builds nests under the eaves of houses
                 member:  genus_Riparia__Riparia  a genus of Hirundinidae
                    member:  bank_martin__bank_swallow__sand_martin__Riparia_riparia  swallow of the northern hemisphere that nests in tunnels dug in clay or sand banks
                 member:  genus_Progne__Progne  a genus of Hirundinidae
                    member:  purple_martin__Progne_subis  large North American martin of which the male is blue-black
              member:  family_Artamidae__Artamidae  wood swallows
                 member:  genus_Artamus__Artamus  type genus of the Artamidae
                    member:  wood_swallow__swallow_shrike__swallowshrike  Australasian and Asiatic bird related to the shrikes and resembling a swallow
              member:  family_Thraupidae__Thraupidae  tanagers
                 member:  tanager  any of numerous New World woodland birds having brightly colored males
                 member:  genus_Piranga__Piranga  a genus of Thraupidae
                    member:  scarlet_tanager__scarlettanager__Piranga_olivacea__redbird__firebird  the male is bright red with black wings and tail
                    member:  western_tanager__westerntanager__Piranga_ludoviciana  of western North America; male is black and yellow and orange-red
                    member:  summer_tanager__summer_redbird__Piranga_rubra  of middle and southern United States; male is deep rose-red the female mostly yellow
                    member:  hepatic_tanager__hepatictanager__Piranga_flava_hepatica  common tanager of southwestern United States and Mexico
              member:  family_Laniidae__Laniidae  shrikes
                 member:  shrike  any of numerous Old World birds having a strong hooked bill that feed on smaller animals
                 member:  genus_Lanius__Lanius  type genus of the Laniidae: typical shrikes
                    member:  butcherbird  shrikes that impale their prey on thorns
                    member:  loggerhead_shrike__Lanius_lucovicianus  common shrike of southeastern United States having black eye-bands
                 member:  subfamily_Malaconotinae__Malaconotinae  African bush shrikes
                    member:  bush_shrike  African shrike
                    member:  genus_Chlorophoneus__Chlorophoneus  a genus of Malaconotinae
                       member:  black-fronted_bush_shrike__Chlorophoneus_nigrifrons  a kind of bush shrike
              member:  family_Ptilonorhynchidae__Ptilonorhynchidae  bowerbirds
                 member:  bowerbird__catbird  any of various birds of the Australian region whose males build ornamented structures resembling bowers in order to attract females
                 member:  genus_Ptilonorhynchus__Ptilonorhynchus  type genus of the Ptilonorhynchidae
                    member:  satin_bowerbird__satinbowerbird__satin_bird__satinbird__Ptilonorhynchus_violaceus  of southeast Australia; male is glossy violet blue; female is light gray-green
                 member:  genus_Chlamydera__Chlamydera  a genus of Ptilonorhynchidae
                    member:  great_bowerbird__greatbowerbird__Chlamydera_nuchalis  large bowerbird of northern Australia
              member:  family_Cinclidae__Cinclidae  water ouzels
                 member:  water_ouzel__waterouzel__dipper  small stocky diving bird without webbed feet; frequents fast-flowing streams and feeds along the bottom
                 member:  genus_Cinclus__Cinclus  type genus of the family Cinclidae
                    member:  European_water_ouzel__Cinclus_aquaticus  a water ouzel of Europe
                    member:  American_water_ouzel__Cinclus_mexicanus  a water ouzel of western North America
              member:  family_Vireonidae__Vireonidae  small insectivorous American songbirds
                 member:  genus_Vireo  type genus of the Vireonidae
                    member:  vireo  any of various small insectivorous American birds chiefly olive-gray in color
              member:  family_Bombycillidae__Bombycillidae  a family of birds of the suborder Oscines
                 member:  Bombycilla__genus_bombycilla__genusbombycilla  waxwings
                    member:  waxwing  brown velvety-plumaged songbirds of the northern hemisphere having crested heads and red waxy wing tips
           member:  suborder_Menurae__Menurae  lyrebirds and scrubbirds
              member:  family_Menuridae__Menuridae  lyrebirds
                 member:  genus_Menura__Menura  type and sole genus of the family Menuridae
                    member:  lyrebird  Australian bird that resembles a pheasant; the courting male displays long tail feathers in a lyre shape
              member:  family_Atrichornithidae__Atrichornithidae  scrubbirds
                 member:  genus_Atrichornis__Atrichornis  type genus of the Atrichornithidae
                    member:  scrubbird__scrub_bird__scrubbird  small fast-running Australian bird resembling a wren and frequenting brush or scrub
           member:  suborder_Eurylaimi__Eurylaimi  broadbills
              member:  family_Eurylaimidae__Eurylaimidae  coextensive with the suborder Eurylaimi
                 member:  broadbill  small birds of the Old World tropics having bright plumage and short wide bills
           member:  suborder_Tyranni__Tyranni  New World flycatchers; antbirds; oven birds; woodhewers
              member:  tyrannid  a passerine bird of the suborder Tyranni
              member:  superfamily_Tyrannidae__Tyrannidae  New World tyrant flycatchers most numerous in Central and South America but also in the United States and Canada
                 member:  New_World_flycatcher__flycatcher__tyrant_flycatcher__tyrant_bird  large American birds that characteristically catch insects on the wing
                 member:  genus_Tyrannus__Tyrannus  type genus of the Tyrannidae: tyrant flycatchers
                    member:  kingbird__Tyrannus_tyrannus  large American flycatcher
                 member:  genus_Contopus__Contopus  pewees
                    member:  wood_pewee__pewee__peewit__pewit__Contopus_virens  small olive-colored woodland flycatchers of eastern North America
                 member:  genus_Sayornis__Sayornis  phoebes
                    member:  Sayornis_phoebe__phoebe__phoebe_bird  small dun-colored North American flycatcher
                 member:  genus_Pyrocephalus__Pyrocephalus  a genus of Tyrannidae
                    member:  vermillion_flycatcher__firebird__Pyrocephalus_rubinus_mexicanus  tropical American flycatcher found as far north as southern Texas and Arizona; adult male has bright scarlet and black plumage
                 member:  family_Cotingidae__Cotingidae  cotingas; umbrella birds
                    member:  genus_Cotinga  type genus of the Cotingidae: cotingas
                       member:  cotinga__chatterer  passerine bird of New World tropics
                    member:  genus_Rupicola__Rupicola  cock of the rocks
                       member:  Rupicola_rupicola__cock_of_the_rock  tropical bird of northern South America the male having brilliant red or orange plumage and an erectile disklike crest
                    member:  genus_Procnias__Procnias  bellbirds
                       member:  bellbird  any of several tropical American birds of the genus Procnias having a bell-like call
                    member:  genus_Cephalopterus__Cephalopterus  a genus of Cotingidae
                       member:  umbrella_bird__Cephalopterus_ornatus  black tropical American bird having a large overhanging crest and long feathered wattle
                 member:  family_Pittidae__Pittidae  pittas
                    member:  genus_Pitta  type genus of the Pittidae; a large genus of birds of southern Asia and Australia and adjacent islands
                 member:  genus_Muscivora__Muscivora  a genus of Tyrannidae
                    member:  scissortail__scissortailed_flycatcher__scissortailedflycatcher__Muscivora-forficata  gray flycatcher of the southwestern United States and Mexico and Central America having a long forked tail and white breast and salmon and scarlet markings
              member:  family_Pipridae__Pipridae  manakins
                 member:  genus_Pipra__Pipra  type genus of the Pipridae containing the typical manakins
                    member:  manakin  any of numerous small bright-colored birds of Central and South America having short bills and elaborate courtship behavior
              member:  family_Furnariidae__Furnariidae  e.g. ovenbirds
                 member:  genus_Furnarius__Furnarius  type genus of the family Furnariidae: ovenbirds
                    member:  ovenbird  small brownish South American birds that build oven-shaped clay nests
              member:  family_Formicariidae__Formicariidae  antbirds
                 member:  antbird__ant_bird__antbird  any of various dull-colored South American birds that feeding on ants some following army ant swarms
                 member:  genus_Formicarius__Formicarius  type genus of the Formicariidae
                    member:  ant_thrush__antthrush  a kind of antbird
                 member:  genus_Thamnophilus__Thamnophilus  a genus of Formicariidae
                    member:  ant_shrike__antshrike  antbirds superficially resembling shrikes
                 member:  genus_Hylophylax__Hylophylax  a genus of Formicariidae
                    member:  spotted_antbird__spottedantbird__Hylophylax_naevioides  a kind of antbird
              member:  family_Dendrocolaptidae__Dendrocolaptidae  woodhewers or woodcreepers
                 member:  genus_Dendrocolaptes__Dendrocolaptes  type genus of the Dendrocolaptidae
                 member:  woodhewer__woodcreeper__tree_creeper  any of numerous South and Central American birds with a curved bill and stiffened tail feathers that climb and feed like woodpeckers
           member:  suborder_Clamatores__Clamatores  used in some classification systems; a suborder or superfamily nearly coextensive with suborder Tyranni; Passeriformes having relatively simple vocal organs and little power of song: clamatorial birds
           member:  family_Troglodytidae__Troglodytidae  wrens
              member:  jenny_wren__jennywren__wren  and of several small active brown birds of the northern hemisphere with short upright tails; they feed on insects
              member:  genus_Troglodytes__Troglodytes  type genus of the Troglodytidae
                 member:  winter_wren__Troglodytes_troglodytes  small wren of coniferous forests of northern hemisphere
                 member:  house_wren__housewren__Troglodytes_aedon  common American wren that nests around houses
              member:  genus_Cistothorus__Cistothorus  marsh wrens
                 member:  marsh_wren__marshwren  a wren of the genus Cistothorus that frequents marshes
              member:  genus_Salpinctes__Salpinctes  a genus of Troglodytidae
                 member:  Salpinctes_obsoletus__rock_wren  wren inhabiting badlands and mesa country of western United States and Mexico
              member:  genus_Thryothorus__Thryothorus  Carolina wrens
                 member:  Carolina_wren__Thryothorus_ludovicianus  large United States wren with a musical call
              member:  genus_Campylorhynchus__Campylorhynchus__Heleodytes__genus_Heleodytes  alternative classifications for the cactus wrens
                 member:  cactus_wren  large harsh-voiced American wren of arid regions of the United States southwest and Mexico
        member:  order_Raptores__Raptores  term used in former classifications; erroneously grouped together birds of the orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes
        member:  order_Falconiformes__Falconiformes  chiefly diurnal carnivorous birds having hooked beaks and long talons with opposable hind toe: falcons; hawks; eagles; ospreys; caracaras; vultures
           member:  family_Accipitridae__Accipitridae  hawks; Old World vultures; kites; harriers; eagles
              member:  hawk  diurnal bird of prey typically having short rounded wings and a long tail
              member:  genus_Accipiter__Accipiter  type genus of the family Accipitridae
                 member:  goshawk__Accipiter_gentilis  large hawk of Eurasia and North America used in falconry
                 member:  Accipiter_nisus__sparrow_hawk__sparrowhawk  small hawk of Eurasia and North Africa
                 member:  Cooper's_hawk__blue_darter__Accipiter_cooperii  bluish-gray North American hawk having a darting flight
              member:  genus_Buteo__Buteo  broad-winged soaring hawks
                 member:  buteonine  any hawk of the genus Buteo
                 member:  redtail__redtailedhawk__Buteo_jamaicensis  dark brown American hawk species having a reddish-brown tail
                 member:  rough-legged_hawk__roughleg__Buteo_lagopus  large hawk of the northern hemisphere that feeds chiefly on small rodents and is beneficial to farmers
                 member:  red-shouldered_hawk__Buteo_lineatus  North American hawk with reddish brown shoulders
                 member:  buzzard__Buteo_buteo  the common European short-winged hawk
              member:  genus_Pernis__Pernis  a common European bird of prey; dull brown with white-streaked underparts
                 member:  honey_buzzard__honeybuzzard__Pernis_apivorus  Old World hawk that feeds on bee larvae and small rodents and reptiles
              member:  kite  any of several small graceful hawks of the family Accipitridae having long pointed wings and feeding on insects and small animals
              member:  genus-Milvus__Milvus  a genus including the common European kits
              member:  genus_Elanoides__Elanoides  a genus of kites
                 member:  swallow-tailed_kite__swallow-tailed_hawk__Elanoides_forficatus  graceful North American black-and-white kite
              member:  genus_Elanus__Elanus  a genus of small kites of both Old and New Worlds
                 member:  white-tailed_kite__Elanus_leucurus  gray-and-white American kite of warm and tropical regions
              member:  genus_Circus__Circus  a genus of haws comprising the harriers
                 member:  harrier  hawks that hunt over meadows and marshes and prey on small terrestrial animals
                 member:  marsh_harrier__marshharrier__Circus_Aeruginosus  Old World harrier frequenting marshy regions
                 member:  Montagu's_harrier__Circus_pygargus  brownish European harrier
                 member:  marsh_hawk__marshhawk__northern_harrier__hen_harrier__henharrier__Circus_cyaneus  common harrier of North America and Europe; nests in marshes and open land
              member:  genus_Circaetus__Circaetus  Harrier eagles
                 member:  harrier_eagle__harriereagle__short-toed_eagle  any of numerous large Old Wold hawks intermediate in some respects between typical hawks and typical eagles
              member:  bird_of_Jove__eagle  any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight
              member:  genus_Harpia__Harpia  a genus of Accipitridae
                 member:  harpy_eagle__harpyeagle__harpy__Harpia_harpyja  large black-and-white crested eagle of tropical America
              member:  genus_Aquila__Aquila  a genus of Accipitridae
                 member:  golden_eagle__Aquila_chrysaetos  large eagle of mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere having a golden-brown head and neck
                 member:  tawny_eagle__tawnyeagle__Aquila_rapax  brownish eagle of Africa and parts of Asia
              member:  genus_Haliaeetus__Haliaeetus  a genus of Accipitridae
                 member:  bald_eagle__American_eagle__Haliaeetus_leucocephalus  large North American eagle having a white head and dark wings and body
                 member:  sea_eagle__seaeagle  any of various large eagles that usually feed on fish
              member:  Old_World_vulture  any of several large vultures of Africa and Eurasia
              member:  genus_Gyps__Gyps  a genus of Accipitridae
                 member:  griffon_vulture__griffonvulture__griffon__Gyps_fulvus  large vulture of southern Europe and northern Africa having pale plumage with black wings
              member:  genus_Gypaetus__Gypaetus  in some classifications the type genus of the family Aegypiidae
              member:  genus_Neophron__Neophron  a genus of Accipitridae
                 member:  Egyptian_vulture__Pharaoh's_chicken__Neophron_percnopterus  small mostly white vulture of Africa and southern Eurasia
              member:  genus_Aegypius__Aegypius  a genus of Accipitridae
                 member:  Aegypius_monachus__black_vulture__blackvulture  of southern Eurasia and northern Africa
           member:  family_Falconidae__Falconidae  a family of birds of the order Falconiformes
              member:  falcon  diurnal birds of prey having long pointed powerful wings adapted for swift flight
              member:  genus_Falco__Falco  a genus of Falconidae
                 member:  peregrine_falcon__peregrinefalcon__Falco_peregrinus  a widely distributed falcon formerly used in falconry
                 member:  gyrfalcon__gerfalcon__Falco_rusticolus  large and rare arctic falcon having white and dark color phases
                 member:  Falco_tinnunculus__kestrel  small Old World falcon that hovers in the air against a wind
                 member:  sparrow_hawk__sparrowhawk__americankestrel__kestrel__Falco_sparverius  small North American falcon
                 member:  pigeon_hawk__merlin__Falco_columbarius  small falcon of Europe and America having dark plumage with black-barred tail; used in falconry
                 member:  Falco_subbuteo__hobby  small Old World falcon formerly trained and flown at small birds
              member:  genus_Polyborus__Polyborus  a genus of Falconidae
                 member:  Audubon's_caracara__Polyborus_cheriway_audubonii  widespread from southern United States to Central America; rusty black with black-and-white breast and tail
                 member:  carancha__Polyborus_plancus  South American caracara
           member:  family_Pandionidae__Pandionidae  ospreys
              member:  genus_Pandion__Pandion  type genus of the Pandionidae
                 member:  osprey__fish_hawk__fish_eagle__sea_eagle__seaeagle__Pandion_haliaetus  large harmless hawk found worldwide that feeds on fish and builds a bulky nest often occupied for years
           member:  family_Sagittariidae__Sagittariidae  secretary birds
              member:  genus_Sagittarius__Sagittarius  type family of the Sagittariidae
                 member:  secretary_bird__secretarybird__Sagittarius_serpentarius  large long-legged African bird of prey that feeds on reptiles
           member:  family_Cathartidae__Cathartidae  condors; turkey buzzards; king vultures
              member:  New_World_vulture__cathartid  large birds of prey superficially similar to Old World vultures
              member:  genus_Cathartes__Cathartes  type genus of the Cathartidae: turkey vultures
                 member:  turkey_buzzard__buzzard__turkey_vulture__Cathartes_aura  common in South and Central America and southern United States
              member:  genus_Vultur__Vultur  usually restricted to the Andean condor
                 member:  Andean_condor__Vultur_gryphus  large vulture of the high Andes having black plumage and white neck ruff
              member:  genus_Gymnogyps__Gymnogyps  containing solely the California condor
              member:  genus_Coragyps__Coragyps  a genus of Cathartidae
                 member:  black_vulture__blackvulture__carrion_crow__carrioncrow__Coragyps_atratus  American vulture smaller than the turkey buzzard
              member:  genus_Sarcorhamphus__Sarcorhamphus  usually containing only the king vulture
                 member:  king_vulture__Sarcorhamphus_papa  large black-and-white vulture of South and Central America have colorful wattles and wartlike protuberances on head and neck
        member:  young_bird__youngbird  a bird that is still young
        member:  order_Strigiformes__Strigiformes  owls
           member:  owl__bird_of_Minerva__bird_of_night__hooter  nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes
           member:  family_Strigidae__Strigidae  a family of nocturnal birds of the order Strigiformes
              member:  genus_Athene__Athene  a genus of Strigidae
                 member:  little_owl__Athene_noctua  small European owl
              member:  genus_Bubo__Bubo  a genus of Strigidae
                 member:  horned_owl  large owls having prominent ear tufts
              member:  genus_Strix__Strix  owls lacking ear tufts
                 member:  great_gray_owl__Strix_nebulosa  large dish-faced owl of northern North America and western Eurasia
                 member:  tawny_owl__tawnyowl__Strix_aluco  reddish-brown European owl having a round head with black eyes
                 member:  barred_owl__Strix_varia  large owl of eastern North America having its breast and abdomen streaked with brown
              member:  genus_Otus__Otus  a genus of Strigidae
                 member:  Otus_asio__screech_owl__screechowl  small North American owl having hornlike tufts of feathers
                 member:  scops_owl__scopsowl  any of several small owls having ear tufts and a whistling call
              member:  genus_Surnia__Surnia  a genus of hawk-like owls
                 member:  hawk_owl__Surnia_ulula  gray-and-white diurnal hawk-like owl of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
              member:  genus_Asio__Asio  a genus of European owls
                 member:  long-eared_owl__Asio_otus  slender European owl of coniferous forests with long ear tufts
              member:  genus_Sceloglaux__Sceloglaux  a genus of Strigidae
                 member:  laughing_owl__laughing_jackass__Sceloglaux_albifacies  almost extinct owl of New Zealand
           member:  family_Tytonidae__Tytonidae  comprising only the barn owls
              member:  genus_Tyto__Tyto  type and only genus of the family Tytonidae
                 member:  barn_owl__Tyto_alba  mottled buff and white owl often inhabiting barns and other structures; important in rodent control
        member:  order_Galliformes__Galliformes  pheasants; turkeys; grouse; partridges; quails; chickens; brush turkeys; curassows; hoatzins
           member:  gallinaceous_bird__gallinaceon  heavy-bodied largely ground-feeding domestic or game birds
           member:  family_Meleagrididae__Meleagrididae  turkeys and some extinct forms
              member:  genus_Meleagris__Meleagris  type genus of the Meleagrididae: wild and domestic turkeys
                 member:  Meleagris_gallopavo__turkey  large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food
              member:  genus_Agriocharis__Agriocharis  a genus of birds of the family Meleagrididae including the ocellated turkey
                 member:  ocellated_turkey__ocellatedturkey__agriocharisocellata  wild turkey of Central and northern South America
           member:  family_Tetraonidae__Tetraonidae  grouse
              member:  grouse  popular game bird having a plump body and feathered legs and feet
              member:  genus_Lyrurus__Lyrurus  black grouse
                 member:  black_grouse__blackgrouse  grouse of which the male is bluish-black
              member:  genus_Lagopus__Lagopus  ptarmigans
                 member:  ptarmigan  large arctic and subarctic grouse with feathered feet and usually white winter plumage
              member:  genus_Tetrao__Tetrao  type genus of the Tetraonidae: capercaillies
                 member:  capercaillie__capercailzie__horse_of_the_wood__Tetrao_urogallus  large black Old World grouse
              member:  genus_Canachites__Canachites  spruce grouse
                 member:  spruce_grouse__Canachites_canadensis  North American grouse that feeds on evergreen buds and needles
              member:  genus_Centrocercus__Centrocercus  sage grouse
                 member:  sage_grouse__sage_hen__Centrocercus_urophasianus  large grouse of sagebrush regions of North America
              member:  genus_Bonasa__Bonasa  ruffed grouse
                 member:  ruffed_grouse__partridge__Bonasa_umbellus  valued as a game bird in eastern United States and Canada
              member:  genus_Pedioecetes__Pedioecetes  sharp-tailed grouse
              member:  genus_Tympanuchus__Tympanuchus  prairie chickens
                 member:  prairie_chicken__prairiechicken__prairie_grouse__prairiegrouse__prairie_fowl__prairiefowl  brown mottled North American grouse of western prairies
           member:  family_Cracidae__Cracidae  curassows; guans; chachalacas
              member:  guan  any of several large turkey-like game birds of the family Cracidae; native to jungles of tropical America; resembling the curassows and valued as food
              member:  genus_Crax__Crax  type genus of the Cracidae: curassows
                 member:  curassow  large crested arboreal game bird of warm parts of the Americas having long legs and tails; highly esteemed as game and food
              member:  genus_Penelope__Penelope  a genus of guans (turkey-like arboreal birds valued as game and food birds)
              member:  genus_Pipile__Pipile  genus of large crested guans (the piping guans)
                 member:  piping_guan  a kind of guan
              member:  genus_Ortalis__Ortalis  chachalacas
                 member:  chachalaca  slender arboreal guan resembling a wild turkey; native to Central America and Mexico; highly regarded as game birds
                 member:  Texas_chachalaca__Ortilis_vetula_macalli  of Mexico and Texas
           member:  family_Megapodiidae__Megapodiidae  megapodes
              member:  genus-Megapodius__Megapodius  type genus of the Megapodiidae
              member:  megapode__moundbird__mound_builder__moundbuilder__scrub_fowl__scrubfowl  large-footed short-winged birds of Australasia; build mounds of decaying vegetation to incubate eggs
              member:  genus_Leipoa  mallee fowl
                 member:  mallee_fowl__leipoa__lowan__Leipoa_ocellata  Australian moundbird; incubates eggs naturally in sandy mounds
              member:  genus_Alectura__Alectura  brush turkeys
                 member:  brush_turkey__brushturkey__Alectura_lathami  black megapode of wooded regions of Australia and New Guinea
              member:  genus_Macrocephalon__Macrocephalon  maleos
                 member:  Macrocephalon_maleo__maleo  Celebes megapode that lays eggs in holes in sandy beaches
           member:  family_Phasianidae__Phasianidae  pheasants; quails; partridges
              member:  genus_Gallus__Gallus  common domestic birds and related forms
                 member:  domestic_fowl__fowl__poultry  a domesticated gallinaceous bird though to be descended from the red jungle fowl
                 member:  jungle_fowl__gallina  small Asiatic wild bird; believed to be ancestral to domestic fowl
              member:  phasianid  a kind of game bird in the family Phasianidae
              member:  genus_Phasianus__Phasianus  type genus of the Phasianidae: the typical pheasants
                 member:  pheasant  large long-tailed gallinaceous bird native to the Old World but introduced elsewhere
                 member:  ring-necked_pheasant__Phasianus_colchicus  common pheasant having bright plumage and a white neck ring
              member:  genus_Afropavo  Congo peafowl
              member:  genus_Argusianus__Argusianus  argus pheasants
                 member:  argus_pheasant__arguspheasant__argus__argu  large brilliantly patterned East Indian pheasant
              member:  genus_Chrysolophus__Chrysolophus  golden pheasants
                 member:  golden_pheasant__Chrysolophus_pictus  brightly colored crested pheasant of mountains of western and central Asia
              member:  genus_Colinus__Colinus  New World quail: the bobwhites
                 member:  bobwhite_quail__bobwhite__partridge  a popular North American game bird; named for its call
              member:  genus_Coturnix__Coturnix  Old World quail
                 member:  Old_World_quail  small game bird with a rounded body and small tail
              member:  genus_Lophophorus__Lophophorus  monals
                 member:  monal__monaul  brilliantly colored south Asian pheasant
              member:  genus_Odontophorus__Odontophorus  genus of Central and South American crested partridges resembling quails; sometimes placed in a distinct subfamily or isolated in a distinct family
              member:  genus_Pavo__Pavo  peafowl
                 member:  peafowl__bird_of_Juno  very large terrestrial southeast Asian pheasant often raised as an ornamental bird
              member:  genus_Lofortyx__Lofortyx  California quail
              member:  genus_Tragopan  a genus of Phasianidae
                 member:  tragopan  brilliantly colored Asian pheasant having wattles and two fleshy processes on the head
              member:  subfamily_Perdicidae__Perdicidae__Perdicinae__subfamily_Perdicinae  Old World partridges
                 member:  partridge  small Old World gallinaceous game birds
                 member:  genus_Perdix__Perdix  a genus of Perdicinae
                    member:  Hungarian_partridge__gray_partridge__Perdix_perdix  common European partridge
                 member:  genus_Alectoris__Alectoris  a genus of Perdicidae
                    member:  red-legged_partridge__Alectoris_ruffa  common western European partridge with red legs
                    member:  Greek_partridge__rock_partridge__Alectoris_graeca  of mountainous areas of southern Europe
                 member:  genus_Oreortyx__Oreortyx  mountain quail of western United States
                    member:  mountain_quail__mountain_partridge__Oreortyx_picta_palmeri  California partridge; slightly larger than the California quail
              member:  subfamily_Numididae__Numididae__Numidinae__subfamily_Numidinae  guinea fowl and related birds of Africa and Madagascar
                 member:  genus_Numida__Numida  guinea fowl
                    member:  guinea_fowl__guinea__Numida_meleagris  W African bird having dark plumage mottled with white; native to Africa but raised for food in many parts of the world
           member:  family_Opisthocomidae__Opisthocomidae  comprising the hoatzins
              member:  genus_Opisthocomus__Opisthocomus  type genus of the Opisthocomidae: hoatzins
                 member:  hoatzin__hoactzin__stinkbird__Opisthocomus_hoazin  crested ill-smelling South American bird whose young have claws on the first and second digits of the wings
        member:  order_Columbiformes__Columbiformes  sand grouse; pigeons; doves; extinct dodos and solitaires
           member:  columbiform_bird__columbiformbird  cosmopolitan order of land birds having small heads and short legs with four unwebbed toes
           member:  family_Raphidae__Raphidae  extinct dodos and solitaires
              member:  genus_Raphus__Raphus  type genus of the Raphidae: dodos
                 member:  Raphus_cucullatus__dodo  extinct heavy flightless bird of Mauritius related to pigeons
              member:  genus_Pezophaps__Pezophaps  constituted by the extinct solitaire
                 member:  Pezophaps_solitaria__solitaire  extinct flightless bird related to the dodo
           member:  family_Columbidae__Columbidae  doves and pigeons
              member:  pigeon  wild and domesticated birds having a heavy body and short legs
              member:  genus_Columba__Columba  type genus of the Columbidae: typical pigeons
                 member:  rock_dove__rock_pigeon__Columba_livia  pale gray Eurasian pigeon having black-striped wings from which most domestic species are descended
                 member:  band-tailed_pigeon__band-tail_pigeon__bandtail__Columba_fasciata  wild pigeon of western North America; often mistaken for the now extinct passenger pigeon
                 member:  wood_pigeon__ringdove__cushat__Columba_palumbus  Eurasian pigeon with white patches on wings and neck
              member:  genus_Streptopelia__Streptopelia  turtledoves
                 member:  turtledove  any of several Old World wild doves
              member:  genus_Stictopelia__Stictopelia  a genus of Columbidae
                 member:  Australian_turtledove__turtledove__Stictopelia_cuneata  small Australian dove
              member:  genus_Zenaidura__Zenaidura  mourning doves
                 member:  mourning_dove__Zenaidura_macroura  wild dove of the United States having a mournful call
              member:  genus_Ectopistes__Ectopistes  a genus of Columbidae
                 member:  passenger_pigeon__passengerpigeon__Ectopistes_migratorius  gregarious North American migratory pigeon now extinct
           member:  family_Pteroclididae__Pteroclididae  sandgrouses
              member:  sandgrouse__sand_grouse  pigeon-like bird of arid regions of the Old World having long pointed wings and tail and precocial downy young
              member:  genus_Pterocles__Pterocles  type genus of the Pteroclididae
                 member:  painted_sandgrouse__paintedsandgrouse__Pterocles_indicus  sandgrouse of India
                 member:  pin-tailed_sandgrouse__pin-tailed_grouse__Pterocles_alchata  sandgrouse of Europe and Africa having elongated middle tail feathers
              member:  genus_Syrrhaptes__Syrrhaptes  a genus of Pteroclididae
                 member:  pallas's_sandgrouse__Syrrhaptes_paradoxus  Eurasiatic sandgrouse with a black patch on the belly
        member:  order_Psittaciformes__Psittaciformes  an order of birds including parrots and amazons and cockatoos and lorikeets and lories and macaws and parakeets
           member:  parrot  usually brightly colored zygodactyl tropical birds with short hooked beaks and the ability to mimic sounds
           member:  family_Psittacidae__Psittacidae  coextensive with the order Psittaciformes
              member:  genus_Psittacus__Psittacus  type genus of the Psittacidae: usually restricted to the African gray
                 member:  African_gray__Psittacus_erithacus  commonly domesticated gray parrot with red-and-black tail and white face; native to equatorial Africa
              member:  genus_Amazona__Amazona  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  amazon  mainly green tropical American parrots
              member:  genus_Ara__Ara  macaws
                 member:  macaw  long-tailed brilliantly colored parrot of Central and South America; among the largest and showiest of parrots
              member:  genus_Nestor__Nestor  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  kea__Nestor_notabilis  large brownish-green New Zealand parrot
              member:  genus_Kakatoe__Kakatoe__Cacatua__genus_Cacatua  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  cockatoo  white or light-colored crested parrot of the Australian region; often kept as cage birds
              member:  genus_Nymphicus__Nymphicus  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  cockateel__cockatiel__cockatooparrot__Nymphicus_hollandicus  small gray Australian parrot with a yellow crested head
              member:  genus_Agapornis__Agapornis  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  lovebird  small African parrot noted for showing affection for their mates
              member:  subfamily_Loriinae__Loriinae  lories
                 member:  lory  small brightly colored Australasian parrots having a brush-tipped tongue for feeding on nectar and soft fruits
                 member:  genus_Glossopsitta__Glossopsitta  a genus of Loriinae
                    member:  varied_Lorikeet__Glossopsitta_versicolor  lorikeet with a colorful coat
                 member:  genus_Trichoglossus__Trichoglossus  a genus of Loriinae
                    member:  rainbow_lorikeet__rainbowlorikeet__Trichoglossus_moluccanus  a kind of lorikeet
              member:  genus_Conuropsis__Conuropsis  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  Carolina_parakeet__Conuropsis_carolinensis  extinct parakeet whose range extended far into the United States
              member:  genus_Melopsittacus__Melopsittacus  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  budgerigar__budgereegah__budgie__grass_parakeet__grassparakeet__lovebird__shell_parakeet__shellparakeet__Melopsittacus_undulatus  small Australian parakeet usually light green with black and yellow markings in the wild but bred in many colors
              member:  genus_Psittacula__Psittacula  a genus of Psittacidae
                 member:  ring-necked_parakeet__Psittacula_krameri  African parakeet
        member:  order_Cuculiformes__Cuculiformes  cuckoos; touracos; etc.
           member:  cuculiform_bird  birds having zygodactyl feet (except for the touracos)
           member:  family_Cuculidae__Cuculidae  includes cuckoo; ani; roadrunner
              member:  cuckoo  any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail
              member:  genus_Cuculus__Cuculus  type genus of the Cuculidae
                 member:  European_cuckoo__Cuculus_canorus  common European cuckoo having a distinctive two-note call; lays eggs in the nests of other birds
              member:  genus_Coccyzus__Coccyzus  a genus of Cuculidae
                 member:  black-billed_cuckoo__Coccyzus_erythropthalmus  North American cuckoo; builds a nest and rears its own young
              member:  genus_Geococcyx__Geococcyx  roadrunners
                 member:  roadrunner__chaparral_cock__chaparralcock__Geococcyx_californianus  speedy largely terrestrial bird found from California and Mexico to Texas
              member:  genus_Crotophaga__Crotophaga  ani
                 member:  ani  black tropical American cuckoo
              member:  genus_Centropus__Centropus  a genus of Cuculidae
                 member:  coucal  Old World ground-living cuckoo having a long dagger-like hind claw
           member:  family_Musophagidae__Musophagidae  touracos
              member:  genus_Musophaga__Musophaga  type genus of the Musophagidae
              member:  touraco__turaco__turacou__turakoo  large brightly crested bird of Africa
        member:  order_Coraciiformes__Coraciiformes  rollers; kingfishers; hornbills; hoopoes; motmots; bee eaters; todies
           member:  coraciiform_bird__coraciiformbird  chiefly short-legged arboreal nonpasserine birds that nest in holes
           member:  family_Coraciidae__Coraciidae  rollers
              member:  roller.coraciiform_bird  Old World bird that tumbles or rolls in flight; related to kingfishers
              member:  genus_Coracias__Coracias  type genus of the Coraciidae
                 member:  European_roller__Coracias_garrulus  common European blue-and-green roller with a reddish-brown back
           member:  family_Alcedinidae__Alcedinidae  kingfishers
              member:  kingfisher  nonpasserine large-headed bird with a short tail and long sharp bill; usually crested and bright-colored; feed mostly on fish
              member:  genus_Alcedo__Alcedo  type genus of the Alcedinidae
                 member:  Eurasian_kingfisher__Alcedo_atthis  small kingfisher with greenish-blue and orange plumage
              member:  genus_Ceryle__Ceryle  a genus of birds of the family Alcedinidae
                 member:  belted_kingfisher__Ceryle_alcyon  grayish-blue North American kingfisher with a chestnut band on its chest
              member:  genus_Dacelo__Dacelo  Australasian kingfishers
                 member:  kookaburra__laughing_jackass__Dacelo_gigas  Australian kingfisher having a loud cackling cry
           member:  family_Meropidae__Meropidae  bee-eaters
              member:  genus_Merops__Merops  type genus of the Meropidae
              member:  bee_eater__beeeater  colorful chiefly tropical Old World bird having a strong graceful flight; feeds on especially bees
           member:  family_Bucerotidae__Bucerotidae  hornbills
              member:  genus_Buceros__Buceros  type genus of the family Bucerotidae
              member:  hornbill  bird of tropical Africa and Asia having a very large bill surmounted by a bony protuberance; related to kingfishers
           member:  family_Upupidae__Upupidae  hoopoes
              member:  genus_Upupa__Upupa  type genus of the Upupidae
                 member:  Euopean_hoopoe__Upupa_epops  pinkish-brown hoopoe with black-and-white wings
              member:  hoopoe__hoopoo  any of several crested Old World birds with a slender down-curving bill
           member:  family_Phoeniculidae__Phoeniculidae  wood hoopoes
              member:  genus_Phoeniculus__Phoeniculus  type and only genus of the family Phoeniculidae
                 member:  wood_hoopoe  tropical African bird having metallic blackish plumage but no crest
           member:  family_Momotidae__Momotidae  a family of birds of the order Coraciiformes
              member:  genus_Momotus__Momotus  type genus of the Momotidae
              member:  motmot__momot  tropical American bird resembling a blue jay and having greenish and bluish plumage
           member:  family_Todidae__Todidae  a family of birds of the order Coraciiformes
              member:  genus_Todus__Todus  type genus of the Todidae
                 member:  tody  tiny insectivorous West Indian bird having red-and-green plumage and a long straight bill
        member:  order_Picariae__Picariae  term used in some classifications as nearly equivalent to the order Coraciiformes
        member:  order_Apodiformes__Apodiformes  swifts; hummingbirds
           member:  apodiform_bird__apodiformbird  nonpasserine bird having long wings and weak feet; spends much of its time in flight
           member:  family_Apodidae__Apodidae  swifts; in former classifications included in the order Coraciiformes
              member:  swift  small plain-colored bird that resembles a swallow and is noted for its rapid flight
              member:  genus_Apus__Apus  type genus
                 member:  European_swift__Apus_apus  common European bird with a shrieking call that nests chiefly about eaves of buildings or on cliffs
              member:  genus_Chateura__Chateura  a genus of Apodidae
                 member:  chimney_swift__chimney_swallow__chimneyswallow__Chateura_pelagica  American swift that nests in e.g. unused chimneys
              member:  genus_Collocalia__Collocalia  a genus of Apodidae
                 member:  swiftlet__Collocalia_inexpectata  swift of eastern Asia; produces the edible bird's nest
           member:  family_Hemiprocnidae__Hemiprocnidae  tree swifts
              member:  tree_swift__crested_swift__crestedswift  birds of southeast Asia and East Indies differing from true swifts in having upright crests and nesting in trees
           member:  family_Trochilidae__Trochilidae  hummingbirds
              member:  hummingbird  tiny American bird having brilliant iridescent plumage and long slender bills; wings are specialized for vibrating flight
              member:  genus_Archilochus__Archilochus  a genus of Trochilidae
                 member:  Archilochus_colubris  a kind of hummingbird
              member:  genus_Chalcostigma__Chalcostigma  thornbills
                 member:  thornbill  any of various South American hummingbirds with a sharp pointed bill
              member:  genus_Ramphomicron__Ramphomicron  thornbills
                 member:  thornbill  any of various South American hummingbirds with a sharp pointed bill
        member:  order_Caprimulgiformes__Caprimulgiformes  goatsuckers; frogmouths; oilbirds
           member:  caprimulgiform_bird  long-winged nonpasserine birds
           member:  family_Caprimulgidae__Caprimulgidae  goatsuckers
              member:  goatsucker__nightjar__caprimulgid  mainly crepuscular or nocturnal nonpasserine birds with mottled grayish-brown plumage and large eyes; feed on insects
              member:  genus_Caprimulgus__Caprimulgus  type genus of the Caprimulgidae
                 member:  European_goatsucker__European_nightjar__Caprimulgus_europaeus  Old World goatsucker
                 member:  chuck-will's-widow__Caprimulgus_carolinensis  large whippoorwill-like bird of the southern United States
                 member:  whippoorwill__Caprimulgus_vociferus  American nocturnal goatsucker with gray-and-white plumage
              member:  genus_Chordeiles__Chordeiles  a genus of Caprimulgidae
                 member:  nighthawk__bullbat__mosquito_hawk  mainly nocturnal North American goatsucker
              member:  genus_Phalaenoptilus__Phalaenoptilus  a genus of Caprimulgidae
                 member:  poorwill__Phalaenoptilus_nuttallii  goatsucker of western North America
           member:  family_Podargidae__Podargidae  frogmouths
              member:  genus_Podargus__Podargus  type genus of the Podargidae
              member:  frogmouth  insectivorous bird of Australia and southeastern Asia having a wide frog-like mouth
           member:  family_Steatornithidae__Steatornithidae  oilbirds
              member:  genus_Steatornis__Steatornis  type and sole genus of the family Steatornithidae
                 member:  oilbird__guacharo__Steatornis_caripensis  nocturnal fruit-eating bird of South America that has fatty young yielding an oil that is used instead of butter
        member:  order_Piciformes__Piciformes  woodpeckers; jacamars; puffbirds; barbets; honey guides; toucans
           member:  piciform_bird  any of numerous nonpasserine insectivorous climbing birds usually having strong bills for boring wood
           member:  family_Picidae__Picidae  woodpeckers
              member:  woodpecker__peckerwood__pecker  bird with strong claws and a stiff tail adapted for climbing and a hard chisel-like bill for boring into wood for insects
              member:  genus_Picus__Picus  type genus of Picidae
                 member:  green_woodpecker__greenwoodpecker__Picus_viridis  woodpecker of Europe and western Asia
              member:  genus_Picoides__Picoides  a genus of Picidae
              member:  genus_Colaptes__Colaptes  a genus of Picidae
                 member:  flicker  North American woodpecker
              member:  genus_Campephilus__Campephilus  a genus of Picidae
                 member:  ivorybill__ivory-billed_woodpecker__Campephilus_principalis  large black-and-white woodpecker of southern United States and Cuba having an ivory bill; nearly extinct
              member:  genus_Melanerpes__Melanerpes  a genus of Picidae
                 member:  redheaded_woodpecker__redheadedwoodpecker__redhead__melanerpeserythrocephalu  black-and-white North American woodpecker having a red head and neck
              member:  genus_Sphyrapicus__Sphyrapicus  a genus of Picidae
                 member:  sapsucker  small American woodpecker that feeds on sap from e.g. apple and maple trees
              member:  genus_Jynx__Jynx  wrynecks
                 member:  wryneck  Old World woodpecker with a peculiar habit of twisting the neck
              member:  genus_Picumnus__Picumnus  a genus of Picidae
                 member:  piculet  small woodpeckers of South America and Africa and East Indies having soft rounded tail feathers
           member:  family_Capitonidae__Capitonidae  barbets
              member:  barbet  small brightly colored stout-billed tropical bird having short weak wings
           member:  family_Bucconidae__Bucconidae  puffbirds
              member:  puffbird  brownish tropical American bird having a large head with fluffed out feathers
           member:  family_Indicatoridae__Indicatoridae  honey guides
              member:  honey_guide__honeyguide  small bird of tropical Africa and Asia; feeds on beeswax and honey and larvae
           member:  family_Galbulidae__Galbulidae  jacamars
              member:  jacamar  tropical American insectivorous bird having a long sharp bill and iridescent green or bronze plumage
           member:  family_Ramphastidae__Ramphastidae  toucans
              member:  toucan  brilliantly colored arboreal fruit-eating bird of tropical America having a very large thin-walled beak
              member:  genus_Aulacorhyncus__Aulacorhyncus  a genus of Ramphastidae
                 member:  toucanet  small toucan
        member:  order_Trogoniformes__Trogoniformes  trogons
           member:  family_Trogonidae__Trogonidae  coextensive with the order Trogoniformes
              member:  genus_Trogon  type genus of the Trogonidae
              member:  trogon  forest bird of warm regions of the New World having brilliant lustrous plumage and long tails
              member:  genus_Pharomacrus__Pharomacrus  a genus of Trogonidae
                 member:  quetzal_bird__quetzalbird__quetzal  large trogon of Central and South America having golden-green and scarlet plumage
        member:  order_Anseriformes__Anseriformes  ducks; geese; swans; screamers
           member:  anseriform_bird  chiefly web-footed swimming birds
           member:  family_Anatidae__Anatidae  swimming birds having heavy short-legged bodies and bills with a horny tip: swans; geese; ducks
              member:  duck  small wild or domesticated web-footed broad-billed swimming bird usually having a depressed body and short legs
              member:  genus_Anas__Anas  type genus of the Anatidae: freshwater ducks
                 member:  mallard__Anas_platyrhynchos  wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed
                 member:  black_duck__blackduck__Anas_rubripes  dusky black duck of northeastern United States and Canada
                 member:  teal  any of various small short-necked dabbling river ducks of Europe and America
                 member:  widgeon__wigeon__Anas_penelope  freshwater duck of Eurasia and North Africa related to mallards and teals
                 member:  Anas_clypeata__shoveler__shoveller__broadbill  freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill
                 member:  pintail__pin-tailed_duck__Anas_acuta  long-necked river duck of the Old and New Worlds having elongated central tail feathers
              member:  genus_Tadorna__Tadorna  sheldrakes
                 member:  sheldrake  Old World gooselike duck slightly larger than a mallard with variegated mostly black-and-white plumage and a red bill
              member:  genus_Oxyura__Oxyura  ruddy duck
                 member:  ruddy_duck__ruddyduck__oxyurajamaicensi  reddish-brown stiff-tailed duck of North America and and northern South America
              member:  genus_Bucephala__Bucephala  buffleheads and goldeneyes
                 member:  bufflehead__butterball__dipper__Bucephela_albeola  small North American diving duck; males have bushy head plumage
                 member:  goldeneye__whistler__Bucephela_clangula  large-headed swift-flying diving duck of arctic regions
              member:  genus_Aythya__Aythya  canvasback; redhead; pochard; etc.
                 member:  canvasback_duck__canvasback__Aythya_valisineria  North American wild duck valued for sport and food
                 member:  pochard__Aythya_ferina  heavy-bodied Old World diving duck having a gray-and-black body and reddish head
                 member:  Aythya_americana__redhead  North American diving duck with a gray-and-black body and reddish-brown head
                 member:  scaup_duck__scaupduck__bluebill__broadbill  diving ducks of North America having a bluish-gray bill
              member:  genus_Aix__Aix  wood duck and mandarin duck
                 member:  wood_duck__summer_duck__wood_widgeon__Aix_sponsa  showy North American duck that nests in hollow trees
                 member:  mandarin_duck__Aix_galericulata  showy crested Asiatic duck; often domesticated
              member:  genus_Cairina__Cairina  a genus of Anatidae
                 member:  muscovy_duck__muscovyduck__muskduck__Cairina_moschata  large crested wild duck of Central and South America; widely domesticated
              member:  genus_Somateria__Somateria  eider ducks
                 member:  eider_duck__eiderduck  duck of the northern hemisphere much valued for the fine soft down of the females
              member:  genus_Melanitta__Melanitta  scoters
                 member:  scoter__scooter  large black diving duck of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
              member:  subfamily_Merginae__Merginae  mergansers and closely related diving birds
                 member:  genus_Mergus__Mergus  mergansers
                    member:  merganser__fish_duck__sawbill  large crested fish-eating diving duck having a slender hooked bill with serrated edges
                    member:  goosander__Mergus_merganser  common merganser of Europe and North America
                    member:  American_merganser__Mergus_merganser_americanus  common North American diving duck considered a variety of the European goosander
                    member:  red-breasted_merganser__Mergus_serrator  widely distributed merganser of America and Europe
                    member:  smew__Mergus_albellus  smallest merganser and most expert diver; found in northern Eurasia
                 member:  genus_Lophodytes__Lophodytes  a genus of Merginae
                    member:  hooded_merganser__hooded_sheldrake__Lophodytes_cucullatus  small North American duck with a high circular crest on the male's head
              member:  goose  web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks
              member:  genus_Anser__Anser  typical geese
                 member:  Chinese_goose__Anser_cygnoides  very large wild goose of northeast Asia; interbreeds freely with the graylag
                 member:  graylag__greylag__greylag_goose__greylaggoose__Anser_anser  common gray wild goose of Europe; ancestor of many domestic breeds
                 member:  subgenus_Chen__Chen  wild goose having white adult plumage
                    member:  blue_goose__Chen_caerulescens  North American wild goose having dark plumage in summer but white in winter
              member:  genus_Branta__Branta  wild geese
                 member:  brant_goose__brantgoose__brant__brent__brent_goose__brentgoose  small dark geese that breed in the north and migrate southward
                 member:  Canada_goose__honker__Canadian_goose__Branta_canadensis  common grayish-brown wild goose of North America
                 member:  barnacle_goose__barnacle__Branta_leucopsis  European goose smaller than the brant; breeds in the far north
              member:  subfamily_Anserinae__Anserinae  used in some classifications for the swans
              member:  genus_Coscoroba  a genus of Anatidae
                 member:  coscoroba  large white South American bird intermediate in some respects between ducks and swans
              member:  swan  stately heavy-bodied aquatic bird with very long neck and usually white plumage as adult
              member:  genus_Cygnus__Cygnus  a genus of Anatidae
                 member:  mute_swan__Cygnus_olor  soundless Eurasian swan; commonly domesticated
                 member:  whooper_swan__whooperswan__whooper__Cygnus_cygnus  common Old World swan noted for its whooping call
                 member:  tundra_swan__Cygnus_columbianus  swan that nests in tundra regions of the New and Old Worlds
                 member:  trumpeter_swan__trumpeterswan__trumpeter__Cygnus_buccinator  large pure white wild swan of western North America having a sonorous cry
                 member:  black_swan__blackswan__Cygnus_atratus  large Australian swan having black plumage and a red bill
           member:  suborder_Anseres__Anseres  used in some especially older classifications; coextensive with the family Anatidae
           member:  family_Anhimidae__Anhimidae  screamers
              member:  screamer  gooselike aquatic bird of South America having a harsh trumpeting call
              member:  genus_Anhima__Anhima  type genus of the Anhimidae; horned screamers
                 member:  horned_screamer__Anhima_cornuta  screamer having a hornlike process projecting from the forehead
              member:  genus_Chauna__Chauna  crested screamers
                 member:  crested_screamer__crestedscreamer  distinguished from the horned screamer by a feathery crest on the back of the head
        member:  order_Ciconiiformes__Ciconiiformes  order of chiefly tropical marsh-dwelling fish-eating wading birds with long legs and bills and (except for flamingos) unwebbed feet: herons; storks; spoonbills; flamingos; ibises
           member:  family_Ciconiidae__Ciconiidae  storks
              member:  stork  large mostly Old World wading birds typically having white-and-black plumage
              member:  genus_Ciconia__Ciconia  type genus of the Ciconiidae: European storks
                 member:  white_stork__whitestork__Ciconia_ciconia  the common stork of Europe; white with black wing feathers and a red bill
                 member:  black_stork__blackstork__Ciconia_nigra  Old World stork that is glossy black above and white below
              member:  genus_Leptoptilus__Leptoptilus  adjutant birds and marabous
                 member:  adjutant_bird__adjutant__adjutant_stork__Leptoptilus_dubius  large Indian stork with a military gait
                 member:  marabou_stork__maraboustork__marabou__marabout__Leptoptilus_crumeniferus  large African black-and-white carrion-eating stork; downy under-wing feathers are used to trim garments
              member:  genus_Anastomus__Anastomus  openbills
                 member:  openbill  stork with a grooved bill whose upper and lower parts touch only at the base and tip
              member:  genus_Jabiru  jabirus
                 member:  jabiru__Jabiru_mycteria  large white stork of warm regions of the world especially America
              member:  genus_Ephippiorhynchus__Ephippiorhynchus  saddlebills
                 member:  saddlebill__jabiru__Ephippiorhynchus_senegalensis  large black-and-white stork of tropical Africa; its red bill has a black band around the middle
              member:  genus_Xenorhyncus__Xenorhyncus  East Indian and Australian storks
                 member:  policeman_bird__policemanbird__black-necked_stork__jabiru__Xenorhyncus_asiaticus  large mostly white Australian stork
              member:  genus_Mycteria__Mycteria  a genus of storks of the family Ciconiidae now including only the American wood ibis
                 member:  Mycteria_americana__wood_ibis__wood_stork  American stork resembling the true ibises in having a downward-curved bill; inhabits wooded swamps of New World tropics
           member:  family_Balaenicipitidae__Balaenicipitidae  shoebills
              member:  genus_Balaeniceps__Balaeniceps  type genus of the Balaenicipitidae: shoebills
                 member:  shoebill__shoebird__Balaeniceps_rex  large stork-like bird of the valley of the White Nile with a broad bill suggesting a wooden shoe
           member:  family_Threskiornithidae__Threskiornithidae__family_Ibidiidae  ibises
              member:  ibis  wading birds of warm regions having long slender down-curved bills
              member:  genus_Ibis  ibises
                 member:  wood_ibis__wood_stork__Ibis_ibis  Old World wood ibis
              member:  genus_Threskiornis__Threskiornis  type genus of the Threskiornithidae
                 member:  sacred_ibis__Threskiornis_aethiopica  African ibis venerated by ancient Egyptians
           member:  family_Plataleidae__Plataleidae  spoonbills
              member:  spoonbill  wading birds having a long flat bill with a tip like a spoon
              member:  genus_Platalea__Platalea  type genus of the Plataleidae
                 member:  common_spoonbill__Platalea_leucorodia  pure white crested spoonbill of southern Eurasia and northeastern Africa
                 member:  genus_Ajaia__Ajaia  a genus of Platalea
                    member:  roseate_spoonbill__roseatespoonbill__Ajaia_ajaja  tropical rose-colored New World spoonbill
           member:  family_Phoenicopteridae__Phoenicopteridae  flamingos
              member:  flamingo  large pink to scarlet web-footed wading bird with down-bent bill; inhabits brackish lakes
           member:  family_Ardeidae__Ardeidae  herons; egrets; night herons; bitterns
              member:  heron  gray or white wading bird with long neck and long legs and (usually) long bill
              member:  genus_Ardea__Ardea  type genus of the Ardeidae: large New and Old World herons
                 member:  great_blue_heron__Ardea_herodius  large American heron having bluish-gray plumage
                 member:  Ardea_occidentalis__great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron  large white heron of Florida and the Florida Keys
              member:  genus_Egretta__Egretta  small Old and New World herons
                 member:  little_blue_heron__Egretta_caerulea  small bluish gray heron of the western hemisphere
                 member:  snowy_egret__snowyegret__snowy_heron__snowyheron__Egretta_thula  small New World egret
                 member:  little_egret__Egretta_garzetta  Old World egret
                 member:  great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Casmerodius_albus  widely distributed Old World white egret
                 member:  American_egret__great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Egretta_albus  the common American egret; a variety of the Old World Casmerodius albus
              member:  genus_Casmerodius__Casmerodius  white egrets
                 member:  great_white_heron__greatwhiteheron__Casmerodius_albus  widely distributed Old World white egret
              member:  genus_Bubulcus__Bubulcus  small white egrets
                 member:  cattle_egret__Bubulcus_ibis  small white egret widely distributed in warm regions often found around grazing animals
              member:  genus_Nycticorax__Nycticorax  Old World night herons
                 member:  black-crowned_night_heron__blackcrownednightheron__Nycticorax_nycticorax  night heron of both Old and New Worlds
              member:  genus_Nyctanassa__Nyctanassa  American night herons
                 member:  yellow-crowned_night_heron__Nyctanassa_violacea  North American night heron
              member:  genus_Cochlearius__Cochlearius__cochleariu  boatbills
                 member:  boatbill__boat-billed_heron__broadbill__Cochlearius_cochlearius  tropical American heron related to night herons
              member:  genus_Botaurus__Botaurus  bitterns
                 member:  American_bittern__stake_driver__stakedriver__Botaurus_lentiginosus  a kind of bittern
                 member:  European_bittern__Botaurus_stellaris  a kind of bittern
              member:  genus_Ixobrychus__Ixobrychus  bitterns
                 member:  least_bittern__leastbittern__Ixobrychus_exilis  small American bittern
        member:  order_Gruiformes__Gruiformes  inland marsh-dwelling birds with long legs and necks and bills that wade in water in search of food: cranes; rails; bustards
           member:  family_Gruidae__Gruidae  cranes
              member:  crane  large long-necked wading bird of marshes and plains in many parts of the world
              member:  genus_Grus__Grus  type genus of the Gruidae: typical cranes
                 member:  whooping_crane__whooper__Grus_americana  rare North American crane having black-and-white plumage and a trumpeting call
           member:  genus_Aramus__Aramus  genus of large brown long-billed wading birds found in warm swampy regions of the Western Hemisphere: courlan; limpkin
           member:  courlan__Aramus_guarauna  wading bird of South and Central America
           member:  limpkin__Aramus_pictus  wading bird of Florida, Cuba and Jamaica having a drooping bill and a distinctive wailing call
           member:  family_Cariamidae__Cariamidae  cranelike South American wading birds
              member:  genus_Cariama__Cariama  type genus of the Cariamidae comprising only the crested cariama
                 member:  crested_cariama__crestedcariama__seriema__Cariama_cristata  Brazilian cariama; sole representative of the genus Cariama
              member:  genus_Chunga  a genus of Cariamidae
                 member:  chunga__seriema__Chunga_burmeisteri  Argentinian cariama
           member:  family_Rallidae__Rallidae  rails; crakes; gallinules; coots
              member:  rail.wading_bird  any of numerous widely distributed small wading birds of the family Rallidae having short wings and very long toes for running on soft mud
              member:  genus_Gallirallus__Gallirallus  rails of New Zealand
                 member:  weka__maori_hen__maorihen__wood_hen  flightless New Zealand rail of thievish disposition having short wings each with a spur used in fighting
              member:  genus_Crex__Crex  corncrakes
                 member:  corncrake__land_rail__Crex_crex  common Eurasian rail that frequents grain fields
              member:  genus_Porzana__Porzana  spotted crakes
                 member:  spotted_crake__spottedcrake__Porzana_porzana  Eurasian rail of swamps and marshes
              member:  genus_Gallinula__Gallinula  gallinules
                 member:  gallinule__marsh_hen__marshhen__water_hen__waterhen__swamphen  any of various small aquatic birds of the genus Gallinula distinguished from rails by a frontal shield and a resemblance to domestic hens
                 member:  Florida_gallinule__Gallinula_chloropus_cachinnans  North American dark bluish-gray gallinule
                 member:  Gallinula_chloropus__moorhen  black gallinule that inhabits ponds and lakes
              member:  genus_Porphyrio__Porphyrio  Old World purple gallinules
              member:  genus_Porphyrula__Porphyrula  American purple gallinules
                 member:  American_gallinule__Porphyrula_martinica  American purple gallinule
              member:  genus_Notornis  a genus of Rallidae
                 member:  notornis__takahe__Notornis_mantelli  flightless New Zealand birds similar to gallinules
              member:  genus_Fulica__Fulica  coots
                 member:  coot  slaty-black slow-flying birds somewhat resembling ducks
                 member:  American_coot__marsh_hen__marshhen__mud_hen__mudhen__water_hen__waterhen__Fulica_americana  North American coot
                 member:  Old_World_coot__Fulica_atra  Eurasian coot
           member:  suborder_Otides__Otides  terrestrial game birds of the Old World and Australia: bustards
           member:  family_Otididae__Otididae  bustards
              member:  bustard  large heavy-bodied chiefly terrestrial game bird capable of powerful swift flight; classified with wading birds but frequents grassy steppes
              member:  genus_Otis__Otis  type genus of the Otididae: European bustard
                 member:  great_bustard__greatbustard__Otis_tarda  largest European land bird
              member:  genus_Choriotis__Choriotis  Australian bustard
                 member:  plain_turkey__plainturkey__Choriotis_australis  popular Australian game bird
           member:  family_Turnicidae__Turnicidae  small Old World birds resembling but not related to true quail
              member:  genus_Turnix__Turnix  type genus of the Turnicidae: button quail
                 member:  button_quail__bustard_quail__bustardquail__hemipode  small quail-like terrestrial bird of southern Eurasia and North Africa that lacks a hind toe; classified with wading birds but inhabits grassy plains
                 member:  ortygan  any of several East Indian birds
              member:  genus_Pedionomus__Pedionomus  plain wanderer
                 member:  plain_wanderer__plainwanderer__pedionomustorquatu  small Australian bird related to the button quail; classified as wading bird but inhabits plains
           member:  family_Psophiidae__Psophiidae  trumpeters
              member:  genus_Psophia__Psophia  type genus of the Psophiidae: trumpeters
                 member:  trumpeter  large gregarious forest-dwelling cranelike bird of South America having glossy black plumage and a loud prolonged cry; easily domesticated
        member:  order_Charadriiformes__Charadriiformes  large diverse order of aquatic birds found along seacoasts and inland waters: shorebirds and coastal diving birds; most feed on anima life
           member:  suborder_Charadrii__Charadrii  shorebirds: plovers; sandpipers; avocets; phalaropes; coursers; stone curlews
              member:  shorebird__shore_bird__shorebird__limicoline_bird__limicolinebird  any of numerous wading birds that frequent mostly seashores and estuaries
              member:  family_Charadriidae__Charadriidae  plover family
                 member:  plover  any of numerous chiefly shorebirds of relatively compact build having straight bills and large pointed wings; closely related to the sandpipers
                 member:  genus_Charadrius__Charadrius  type genus of the Charadriidae: plovers
                    member:  piping_plover__Charadrius_melodus  small plover of eastern North America
                    member:  killdeer_plover__killdeer__kildeer__Charadrius_vociferus  American plover of inland waters and fields having a distinctive cry
                    member:  dotterel__dotrel__Charadrius_morinellus__Eudromias_morinellus  rare plover of upland areas of Eurasia
                 member:  genus_Pluvialis__Pluvialis  golden plovers
                    member:  golden_plover  plovers of Europe and America having the backs marked with golden-yellow spots
                 member:  genus_Vanellus__Vanellus  Eurasian lapwings
                    member:  lapwing__green_plover__greenplover__peewit__pewit  large crested Old World plover having wattles and spurs
                 member:  genus_Arenaria__Arenaria  turnstones
                    member:  turnstone  migratory shorebirds of the plover family that turn over stones in searching for food
              member:  family_Scolopacidae__Scolopacidae  sandpiper family: sandpipers; woodcocks; snipes; tattlers; curlews; godwits; dowitchers
                 member:  sandpiper  any of numerous usually small wading birds having a slender bill and piping call; closely related to the plovers
                 member:  genus_Aphriza__Aphriza  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  surfbird__Aphriza_virgata  sandpiper-like shorebird of Pacific coasts of North and South America
                 member:  genus_Actitis__Actitis  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  European_sandpiper__Actitis_hypoleucos  a variety of sandpiper
                    member:  spotted_sandpiper__spottedsandpiper__Actitis_macularia  common North American sandpiper
                 member:  genus_Erolia__Erolia  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  least_sandpiper__leastsandpiper__stint__Erolia_minutilla  smallest American sandpiper
                    member:  red-backed_sandpiper__dunlin__Erolia_alpina  small common sandpiper that breeds in northern or arctic regions and winters in southern United States or Mediterranean regions
                 member:  genus_Tringa__Tringa  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  greenshank__Tringa_nebularia  large European sandpiper with greenish legs
                    member:  redshank__Tringa_totanus  a common Old World wading bird with long red legs
                    member:  yellowlegs  either of two North American shorebird with yellow legs
                 member:  genus_Calidris__Calidris  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  pectoral_sandpiper__jacksnipe__Calidris_melanotos  American sandpiper that inflates its chest when courting
                    member:  grayback__knot__Calidris_canutus  sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and winters in the S hemisphere
                    member:  curlew_sandpiper__Calidris_Ferruginea  Old World sandpiper with a curved bill like a curlew
                 member:  genus_Crocethia__Crocethia  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  sanderling__Crocethia_alba  small sandpiper that breeds in the arctic and migrates south along sandy coasts in most of world
                 member:  genus_Bartramia__Bartramia  a genus of Scolopacidae
                    member:  upland_sandpiper__upland_plover__Bartramian_sandpiper__Bartramia_longicauda  large plover-like sandpiper of North American fields and uplands
                 member:  genus_Philomachus__Philomachus  ruffs
                    member:  Philomachus_pugnax__ruff  common Eurasian sandpiper; male has an erectile ruff in breeding season
                 member:  genus_Heteroscelus__Heteroscelus  tattlers
                    member:  Polynesian_tattler__Heteroscelus_incanus  tattler of Pacific coastal regions
                 member:  genus_Catoptrophorus__Catoptrophorus  willet
                    member:  willet__Catoptrophorus_semipalmatus  large North American shorebird of eastern and Gulf coasts
                 member:  genus_Scolopax__Scolopax  type of the Scolopacidae: Old World woodcocks
                    member:  Eurasian_woodcock__Scolopax_rusticola  short-legged long-billed migratory Old World woodcock
                 member:  genus_Philohela__Philohela  American woodcocks
                    member:  American_woodcock__woodcock_snipe__Philohela_minor  small long-billed American woodcock; prized as a game bird
                 member:  genus_Gallinago__Gallinago__Capella__genus_Capella  snipes
                    member:  whole_snipe__wholesnipe__common_snipe__Gallinago_gallinago  common snipe of Eurasia and Africa
                    member:  Wilson's_snipe__Gallinago_gallinago_delicata  American snipe
                    member:  great_snipe__greatsnipe__woodcock_snipe__Gallinago_media  Old World snipe larger and darker than the whole snipe
                 member:  genus_Limnocryptes__Limnocryptes  snipe
                    member:  jacksnipe__half_snipe__Limnocryptes_minima  a small short-billed Old World snipe
                 member:  genus_Limnodromus__Limnodromus  dowitchers
                    member:  dowitcher  shorebird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe
                 member:  genus_Numenius__Numenius  curlews
                    member:  curlew  large migratory shorebirds of the sandpiper family; closely related to woodcocks but having a down-curved bill
                 member:  genus_Limosa__Limosa  godwits
                    member:  godwit  large wading bird that resembles a curlew; has a long slightly upturned bill
              member:  genus_Himantopus__Himantopus  major one of two genera of stilts; similar to avocets but with straight bills
                 member:  Himantopus_stilt__stilt__stiltbird__longlegs__stilt_plover__stiltplover  long-legged three-toed black-and-white wading bird of inland ponds and marshes or brackish lagoons
                 member:  black-necked_stilt__Himantopus_mexicanus  stilt of southwestern United States to northern South America having black plumage extending from the head down the back of the neck
                 member:  black-winged_stilt__Himantopus_himantopus  stilt of Europe and Africa and Asia having mostly white plumage but with black wings
                 member:  white-headed_stilt__Himantopus_himantopus_leucocephalus__himantopushimantopusleucocephalu  stilt of the southwest Pacific including Australia and New Zealand having mostly white plumage but with black wings and nape of neck
                 member:  kaki__Himantopus_novae-zelandiae  blackish stilt of New Zealand sometimes considered a color phase of the white-headed stilt
              member:  genus_Cladorhyncus__Cladorhyncus  one of two genera of stilts; similar to avocets but with straight bills
                 member:  Australian_stilt__stilt  long-legged three-toed wading bird of brackish marshes of Australia
                 member:  banded_stilt__Cladorhyncus_leucocephalum  web-footed Australian stilt with reddish-brown pectoral markings
              member:  family_Recurvirostridae__Recurvirostridae  long-legged shorebirds
                 member:  genus_Recurvirostra__Recurvirostra  type genus of the Recurvirostridae: avocets
                    member:  avocet  long-legged web-footed black-and-white shorebird with slender upward-curving bill
              member:  family_Haematopodidae__Haematopodidae  oystercatchers
              member:  family_Phalaropidae__Phalaropidae  phalaropes
                 member:  phalarope  small sandpiper-like shorebird having lobate toes and being good swimmers; breed in the arctic and winter in the tropics
                 member:  genus_Phalaropus__Phalaropus  type genus of the Phalaropidae: phalaropes
                    member:  red_phalarope__redphalarope__Phalaropus_fulicarius  phalarope of northern oceans and lakes
                 member:  genus_Lobipes__Lobipes  a genus of Phalaropidae
                    member:  northern_phalarope__Lobipes_lobatus  breeds in arctic regions of Old and New worlds; large flocks often seen far out at sea
                 member:  genus_Steganopus__Steganopus  a genus of Phalaropidae
                    member:  Wilson's_phalarope__Steganopus_tricolor  breeds on the northern great plains of Canada
              member:  family_Glareolidae__Glareolidae  Old World shorebirds: pratincoles and coursers
                 member:  genus_Glareola__Glareola  type genus of the Glareolidae: the pratincoles
                    member:  pratincole__glareole  Old World shorebird with long pointed wings and short legs; closely related to the coursers
                 member:  courser  swift-footed terrestrial plover-like bird of southern Asia and Africa
                 member:  genus_Cursorius__Cursorius  coursers
                    member:  cream-colored_courser__creamcoloredcourser__Cursorius_cursor  courser of desert and semidesert regions of the Old World
                 member:  genus_Pluvianus__Pluvianus  coursers
                    member:  crocodile_bird__crocodilebird__Pluvianus_aegyptius  African courser that feeds on insect parasites on crocodiles
              member:  family_Burhinidae__Burhinidae  large wading birds resembling the plovers: stone curlews
                 member:  genus_Burhinus__Burhinus  type genus of the Burhinidae: stone curlews
                    member:  stone_curlew__stonecurlew__thick-knee__thickknee__Burhinus_oedicnemus  large-headed large-eyed crepuscular or nocturnal shorebird of the Old World and tropical America having a thickened knee joint
           member:  suborder_Limicolae__Limicolae  term used in some classifications for migratory shorebirds; coextensive with the Charadrii
           member:  genus_Haematopus__Haematopus  oystercatchers
              member:  oystercatcher__oyster_catcher  black-and-white shorebird with stout legs and bill; feed on oysters etc.
           member:  coastal_diving_bird  gull family; skimmer family; jaeger family; auk family
           member:  suborder_Lari__Lari  gulls; terns; jaegers; skimmers
              member:  family_Laridae__Laridae  gull family: gulls and terns
                 member:  larid  long-winged web-footed aquatic bird of the gull family
                 member:  genus_Larus__Larus  type genus of the Laridae
                    member:  mew_gull__mewgull__sea_mew__Larus_canus  the common gull of Eurasia and northeastern North America
                    member:  great_black-backed_gull__black-backed_gull__cob__larusmarinu  white gull having a black back and wings
                    member:  herring_gull__herringgull__Larus_argentatus  large gull of the northern hemisphere
                    member:  laughing_gull__blackcap__pewit__pewit_gull__pewitgull__Larus_ridibundus  small black-headed European gull
                 member:  genus_Pagophila__Pagophila  a genus of Laridae
                    member:  ivory_gull__ivorygull__Pagophila_eburnea  white arctic gull; migrates as far south as England and New Brunswick
                 member:  genus_Rissa__Rissa  a genus of Laridae
                    member:  kittiwake  small pearl-gray gull of northern regions; nests on cliffs and has a rudimentary hind toe
                 member:  subfamily_Sterninae__subfamilysterninae__Sterninae  terns
                    member:  tern  small slender gull having narrow wings and a forked tail
                    member:  genus_Sterna__Sterna  a genus of Sterninae
                       member:  sea_swallow__seaswallow__Sterna_hirundo  common tern of Eurasia and America having white black and gray plumage
              member:  family_Rynchopidae__Rynchopidae  coextensive with the genus Rynchops: skimmers
                 member:  genus_Rynchops__Rynchops  type genus of the Rynchopidae: skimmers
                    member:  skimmer  gull-like seabird that flies along the surface of the water with an elongated lower mandible immersed to skim out food
              member:  family_Stercorariidae__Stercorariidae  jaegers and skuas:
                 member:  jaeger  rapacious seabird that pursues weaker birds to make them drop their prey
                 member:  genus_Stercorarius__Stercorarius  type genus of the Stercorariidae: jaegers
                    member:  parasitic_jaeger__parasiticjaeger__arctic_skua__Stercorarius_parasiticus  a variety of jaeger
                 member:  genus_Catharacta__Catharacta  skuas
                    member:  skua__bonxie  gull-like jaeger of northern seas
           member:  family_Alcidae__Alcidae  web-footed diving seabirds of northern seas: auks; puffins; guillemots; murres; etc.
              member:  auk  black-and-white short-necked web-footed diving bird of northern seas
              member:  genus_Alca__Alca  type genus of the Alcidae comprising solely the razorbill
                 member:  razorbill__razor-billed_auk__Alca_torda  black-and-white North Atlantic auk having a compressed sharp-edged bill
              member:  genus_Plautus__Plautus  a genus of Alcidae
                 member:  little_auk__dovekie__plautusalle  small short-billed auk abundant in arctic regions
              member:  genus_Pinguinus__Pinguinus  great auk
                 member:  great_auk__greatauk__Pinguinus_impennis  large large flightless auk of rocky islands off North Atlantic coast; extinct
              member:  genus_Cepphus__Cepphus  a genus of birds including: guillemots
                 member:  guillemot  small black or brown speckled auks of northern seas
              member:  genus_Uria__Uria  murres
                 member:  murre  black-and-white diving bird of northern seas
              member:  puffin  any of two genera of northern seabirds having short necks and brightly colored compressed bills
              member:  genus_Fratercula__Fratercula  puffins
                 member:  Atlantic_puffin__Fratercula_arctica  common puffin of the North Atlantic
                 member:  horned_puffin__Fratercula_corniculata  N Pacific puffin
              member:  genus_Lunda__Lunda  puffins
                 member:  tufted_puffin__Lunda_cirrhata  N Pacific puffin having a large yellow plume over each eye
        member:  order_Gaviiformes__Gaviiformes  large aquatic birds: loons and some extinct forms
           member:  gaviiform_seabird__gaviiformseabird  seabirds of the order Gaviiformes
           member:  family_Gavidae__Gavidae  loon family
              member:  genus_Gavia__Gavia  type genus of the Gavidae: loons
                 member:  loon.gaviiform_seabird__diver  large somewhat primitive fish-eating diving bird of the northern hemisphere having webbed feet placed far back; related to the grebes
        member:  order_Podicipitiformes__Podicipitiformes__Podicipediformes__order_Podicipediformes__Colymbiformes__order_Colymbiformes  grebes
           member:  podicipitiform_seabird  aquatic birds related to the loons
           member:  family_Podicipedidae__Podicipedidae  coextensive with the order Podicipitiformes
              member:  genus_Podiceps__Podiceps  type genus of the Podicipedidae: grebes
                 member:  grebe  small compact-bodied almost completely aquatic bird that builds floating nests; similar to loons but smaller and with lobate rather than webbed feet
              member:  genus_Podilymbus__Podilymbus  a genus of Podicipedidae
                 member:  pied-billed_grebe__Podilymbus_podiceps  American grebe having a black-banded whitish bill
        member:  order_Pelecaniformes__Pelecaniformes  pelicans; frigate birds; gannets; cormorants
           member:  family_Pelecanidae__Pelecanidae  pelicans
              member:  pelican  large long-winged warm-water seabird having a large bill with a distensible pouch for fish
              member:  genus_Pelecanus__Pelecanus  type genus of the Pelecanidae
                 member:  white_pelican__whitepelican__Pelecanus_erythrorhynchos  large American pelican; white with black wing feathers
                 member:  Old_world_white_pelican__Pelecanus_onocrotalus  similar to American white pelican
           member:  family_Fregatidae__Fregatidae  frigate birds
              member:  genus_Fregata__Fregata  type genus of the Fregatidae
                 member:  frigate_bird__frigatebird__manofwarbird  long-billed warm-water seabird with wide wingspan and forked tail
           member:  family_Sulidae__Sulidae  gannets and boobies
              member:  gannet  large heavily built seabird with a long stout bill noted for its plunging dives for fish
              member:  genus_Sula__Sula  type genus of the Sulidae
                 member:  solan_goose__solangoose__solan__solant_goose__Sula_bassana  very large white gannet with black wing tips
                 member:  booby  small tropical gannet having a bright bill or bright feet or both
           member:  family_Phalacrocoracidae__Phalacrocoracidae  cormorants
              member:  genus_Phalacrocorax__Phalacrocorax  type genus: coextensive with the family Phalacrocoracidae
                 member:  cormorant__phalacrocoraxcarbo  large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish
           member:  family_Anhingidae__Anhingidae  snakebirds
              member:  genus_Anhinga  type genus of the Anhingidae
                 member:  snakebird__anhinga__darter  fish-eating bird of warm inland waters having a long flexible neck and slender sharp-pointed bill
           member:  family_Phaethontidae__Phaethontidae  tropicbirds
              member:  genus_Phaethon__Phaethon  type genus of the Phaethontidae
                 member:  tropic_bird__boatswain_bird__boatswainbird  mostly white web-footed tropical seabird often found far from land
        member:  order_Sphenisciformes__Sphenisciformes  penguins
           member:  family_Spheniscidae__Spheniscidae  comprising all existing penguins
              member:  penguin  short-legged flightless birds of cold southern especially Antarctic regions having webbed feet and wings modified as flippers
              member:  genus_Pygoscelis__Pygoscelis  a genus of Spheniscidae
                 member:  Adelie_penguin__Adelie__Pygoscelis_adeliae  medium-sized penguins occurring in large colonies on the Adelie coast of Antarctica
              member:  genus_Aptenodytes__Aptenodytes  large penguins
                 member:  king_penguin__Aptenodytes_patagonica  large penguin on islands bordering the Antarctic Circle
                 member:  emperor_penguin__emperorpenguin__Aptenodytes_forsteri  the largest penguin; an Antarctic penguin
              member:  genus_Spheniscus__Spheniscus  type genus of the Spheniscidae: jackass penguins
                 member:  jackass_penguin__jackasspenguin__Spheniscus_demersus  small penguin of South America and southern Africa with a braying call
              member:  genus_Eudyptes__Eudyptes  rock hoppers
                 member:  rock_hopper__crested_penguin__crestedpenguin  small penguin of the Falkland Islands and New Zealand
           member:  sphenisciform_seabird__sphenisciformseabird  flightless cold-water seabirds: penguins
        member:  order_Procellariiformes__Procellariiformes  petrels; albatrosses; shearwaters; diving petrels
           member:  procellariiform_seabird__procellariiformseabird  large long-winged bird with hooked bill and tubular nostrils that wanders the open seas
           member:  family_Diomedeidae__Diomedeidae  albatrosses
              member:  mollymawk__albatross__albatros  large web-footed birds of the southern hemisphere having long narrow wings; noted for powerful gliding flight
              member:  genus_Diomedea  type of the Diomedeidae
                 member:  wandering_albatross__wanderingalbatros__Diomedea_exulans  very large albatross; white with wide black wings
                 member:  black-footed_albatross__gooney__gooney_bird__goonie__goony__Diomedea_nigripes  a variety of albatross with black feet
           member:  family_Procellariidae__Procellariidae  petrels; fulmars; shearwaters;
              member:  petrel  relatively small long-winged tube-nosed bird that flies far from land
              member:  genus_Procellaria__Procellaria  type genus of the Procellariidae
                 member:  white-chinned_petrel__whitechinnedpetrel__Procellaria_aequinoctialis  large black petrel of southern seas having a white mark on the chin
              member:  genus_Macronectes__Macronectes  giant petrels
                 member:  giant_petrel__giantpetrel__giantfulmar__macronectesgiganteu  large brownish petrel chiefly of Antarctic seas
              member:  genus_Fulmarus__Fulmarus  fulmars
                 member:  fulmar_petrel__fulmar__Fulmarus_glacialis  heavy short-tailed oceanic bird of polar regions
              member:  genus_Puffinus__Puffinus  shearwaters
                 member:  shearwater  long-winged oceanic bird that in flight skims close to the waves
           member:  family_Hydrobatidae__Hydrobatidae  storm petrels
              member:  storm_petrel__stormpetrel  any of various small petrels having dark plumage with paler underparts
              member:  genus_Hydrobates__Hydrobates  type genus of the Hydrobatidae
                 member:  stormy_petrel__northern_storm_petrel__Hydrobates_pelagicus  sooty black petrel with white markings; of the north Atlantic and Mediterranean
              member:  genus_Oceanites__Oceanites  a genus of Hydrobatidae
                 member:  Mother_Carey's_chicken__Mother_Carey's_hen__Oceanites_oceanicus  medium-sized storm petrel
           member:  family_Pelecanoididae__Pelecanoididae  diving petrels
              member:  diving_petrel  any of several small diving birds of S hemisphere seas; somewhat resemble auks
     member:  bird_family  a family of warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings
     member:  bird_genus  a genus of birds
     member:  class_Amphibia__Amphibia  frogs; toads; newts; salamanders; caecilians
        member:  amphibian  cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into adult form
        member:  genus_Hynerpeton__Hynerpeton  earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Pennsylvania
           member:  Hynerpeton_bassetti  fossil amphibian of the Devonian having well-developed forelimbs; found in Pennsylvania
        member:  genus_Ichthyostega  second earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Greenland
           member:  Ichyostega  early tetrapod amphibian found in Greenland
        member:  order_Urodella__Urodella__Caudata__order_Caudata  salamanders; newts; congo snakes
           member:  urodele  amphibians that resemble lizards
           member:  family_Salamandridae__Salamandridae  salamanders
              member:  genus_Salamandra__Salamandra  type genus of the Salamandridae
                 member:  European_fire_salamander__Salamandra_salamandra  a kind of European salamander
                 member:  fire_salamander__spotted_salamander__spottedsalamander__Salamandra_maculosa  European salamander having dark skin with usually yellow spots
                 member:  alpine_salamander__Salamandra_atra  ovoviviparous amphibian of the Alps
              member:  newt__triton  small usually bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America and Europe and North Asia
              member:  genus_Triturus__Triturus  chiefly aquatic salamanders
                 member:  common_newt__Triturus_vulgaris  small semiaquatic salamander
              member:  genus_Notophthalmus__Notophthalmus  newts
              member:  genus_Taricha__Taricha  Pacific newts
                 member:  Pacific_newt  any of several rough-skinned newts found in western North America
                 member:  rough-skinned_newt__roughskinnednewt__Taricha_granulosa  newt of humid coast from Alaska to southern California
           member:  family_Ambystomatidae__Ambystomatidae  New World salamanders
              member:  genus_Ambystoma__Ambystoma  type genus of the Ambystomatidae
                 member:  ambystomid_salamander__ambystomid  small to moderate-sized terrestrial or semiaquatic New World salamander
           member:  family_Cryptobranchidae__Cryptobranchidae  large aquatic salamanders: hellbenders; giant salamanders
              member:  genus_Cryptobranchus__Cryptobranchus  type genus of the Cryptobranchidae
                 member:  hellbender__mud_puppy__Cryptobranchus_alleganiensis  large salamander of North American rivers and streams
              member:  genus_Megalobatrachus__Megalobatrachus  giant salamanders; in some classifications included in the genus Cryptobranchus
                 member:  giant_salamander__giantsalamander__megalobatrachusmaximu  large (up to more than three feet) edible salamander of Asia
           member:  family_Proteidae__Proteidae  mud puppies
              member:  genus_Proteus__Proteus  type genus of the Proteidae
                 member:  olm__Proteus_anguinus  European cave-dwelling aquatic salamander with permanent external gills
              member:  genus_Necturus__Necturus  a genus of Proteidae
                 member:  mud_puppy__Necturus_maculosus  aquatic North American salamander with red feathery external gills
           member:  family_Dicamptodontidae__Dicamptodontidae  large and small highly aquatic salamanders
              member:  genus_Dicamptodon  type genus of the Dicamptodontidae
                 member:  Pacific_giant_salamander__Dicamptodon_ensatus  large (to 7 inches) salamander of western North America
              member:  dicamptodon__dicamptodontid  salamanders found near cold streams throughout the year
              member:  genus_Rhyacotriton__Rhyacotriton  olympic salamanders
                 member:  olympic_salamander__olympicsalamander__Rhyacotriton_olympicus  small large-eyed semiaquatic salamander of the United States northwest
           member:  family_Plethodontidae__Plethodontidae  small mostly terrestrial New World salamanders having neither lungs nor gills as adults
              member:  genus_Plethodon__Plethodon  type genus of the Plethodontidae
                 member:  eastern_red-backed_salamander__Plethodon_cinereus  common salamander of eastern North America
                 member:  western_red-backed_salamander__Plethodon_vehiculum  salamander of the Pacific coast of North America
              member:  lungless_salamander__plethodont  mostly terrestrial salamanders that breathe through their thin moist skin; lay eggs in moist places on land; rarely enter water
              member:  genus_Desmograthus__Desmograthus  an amphibian genus of Plethodontidae
                 member:  dusky_salamander__duskysalamander  common North American salamander mottled with dull brown or grayish-black
              member:  genus_Aneides__Aneides  climbing salamanders
                 member:  climbing_salamander  any of several North American salamanders adapted for climbing with well-developed limbs and long somewhat squared-off toes
              member:  genus_Batrachoseps__Batrachoseps  slender salamanders
                 member:  slender_salamander__slendersalamander__worm_salamander  any of several small slim salamanders of the United States Pacific coast
              member:  genus_Hydromantes__Hydromantes  web-toed salamanders
                 member:  web-toed_salamander  any of several salamanders with webbed toes and very long extensile tongues; excellent climbers that move with ease over smooth rock surfaces
           member:  family_Amphiumidae__Amphiumidae  congo snakes
              member:  genus_Amphiuma  congo snakes
                 member:  amphiuma__congo_snake__congo_eel__congoeel__blind_eel__blindeel  aquatic eel-shaped salamander having two pairs of very small feet; of still muddy waters in the southern United States
           member:  family_Sirenidae__Sirenidae  sirens
              member:  genus_Siren  a genus of Sirenidae
                 member:  siren  eel-like aquatic North American salamander with small forelimbs and no hind limbs; have permanent external gills
        member:  order_Salientia__Salientia__Anura__order_Anura__Batrachia__order_Batrachia  frogs, toads, tree toads
           member:  family_Ranidae__Ranidae  nearly cosmopolitan family: true frogs
              member:  genus_Rana__Rana  type genus of the Ranidae
                 member:  woodfrog__Rana_sylvatica  wide-ranging light-brown frog of moist North American woodlands especially spruce
                 member:  leopard_frog__leopardfrog__spring_frog__Rana_pipiens  common North American green or brownish frog having white-edged dark oval spots
                 member:  bullfrog__Rana_catesbeiana  largest North American frog; highly aquatic with a deep-pitched voice
                 member:  green_frog__greenfrog__spring_frog__Rana_clamitans  similar to bullfrog; found in or near marshes and ponds; of United States and Canada
                 member:  cascades_frog__Rana_cascadae  mountain frog found near water; of United States northwest to California
                 member:  goliath_frog__goliathfrog__Rana_goliath  largest living frog; up to a foot and weighing up to 10 lbs; Africa
                 member:  pickerel_frog__Rana_palustris  a meadow frog of eastern North America
                 member:  tarahumara_frog__Rana_tarahumarae  Mexican frog found within a jump of two or water
                 member:  grass_frog__grassfrog__Rana_temporaria  a common semiterrestrial European frog
              member:  true_frog__ranid  insectivorous usually semiaquatic web-footed amphibian with smooth moist skin and long hind legs
           member:  family_Leptodactylidae__Leptodactylidae  New World frogs; in some classifications essentially coextensive with the family Bufonidae
              member:  leptodactylid_frog__leptodactylidfrog__leptodactylid  toothed frogs: terrestrial or aquatic or arboreal
              member:  genus_Eleutherodactylus__Eleutherodactylus  completely terrestrial robber frogs
                 member:  robber_frog  small terrestrial frog of tropical America
              member:  genus_Hylactophryne__Hylactophryne  barking frogs
                 member:  barking_frog__barkingfrog__robber_frog__Hylactophryne_augusti  of southwest United States and Mexico; call is like a dog's bark
              member:  genus_Leptodactylus__Leptodactylus  type genus of the Leptodactylidae; in some classifications placed in the family Bufonidae
                 member:  crapaud__South_American_bullfrog__Leptodactylus_pentadactylus  large toothed frog of South and Central America resembling the bullfrog
           member:  family_Polypedatidae__Polypedatidae  Old World tree frogs
              member:  genus_Polypedates__Polypedates  type genus of the Polypedatidae
           member:  family_Ascaphidae__Ascaphidae  family of one species of frog: tailed frog
              member:  genus_Ascaphus__Ascaphus  type genus of the Ascaphidae; in some classifications included in the family Leiopelmatidae
                 member:  tailed_frog__bell_toad__ribbed_toad__tailed_toad__Ascaphus_trui  western North American frog with a tail-like copulatory organ
           member:  family_Leiopelmatidae__Leiopelmatidae__Liopelmidae__family_Liopelmidae  primitive New Zealand frogs
              member:  genus_Leiopelma__Leiopelma__Liopelma__genus_Liopelma  type and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidae
                 member:  Liopelma_hamiltoni  primitive New Zealand frog with four unwebbed toes on forefeet and five on hind feet
           member:  family_Bufonidae__Bufonidae  true toads
              member:  true_toad  tailless amphibian similar to a frog but more terrestrial and having drier warty skin
              member:  genus_Bufo  type genus of the Bufonidae; common toads of New and Old Worlds
                 member:  bufo  any toad of the genus Bufo
           member:  family_Discoglossidae__Discoglossidae  family of Old World toads having a fixed disklike tongue
              member:  genus_Alytes__Alytes  midwife toads
                 member:  obstetrical_toad__obstetricaltoad__midwife_toad__midwifetoad__Alytes_obstetricans  European toad whose male carries the fertilized eggs wrapped around its hind legs until they hatch
                 member:  midwife_toad__midwifetoad__Alytes_cisternasi  similar in habit to Alytes obstetricians
              member:  genus_Bombina__Bombina  fire-bellied toads
                 member:  fire-bellied_toad__Bombina_bombina  toad of central and eastern Europe having red or orange patches on its underside
           member:  family_Pelobatidae__Pelobatidae  spadefoot toads
              member:  genus_Scaphiopus__Scaphiopus  New World spadefoot toads
                 member:  western_spadefoot__westernspadefoot__Scaphiopus_hammondii  of California
                 member:  southern_spadefoot__Scaphiopus_multiplicatus  of the United States southwest
                 member:  plains_spadefoot__Scaphiopus_bombifrons  of plains and hills and river bottoms in areas of low rainfall east of the Rocky Mountains
              member:  spadefoot_toad__spadefoottoad__spadefoot  burrowing toad of the northern hemisphere with a horny spade-like projection on each hind foot
           member:  family_Hylidae__Hylidae  tree frogs
              member:  tree_toad__tree_frog  arboreal amphibians usually having adhesive disks at the tip of each toe; of southeast Asia and Australia and America
              member:  genus_Hyla__Hyla  type genus of the Hylidae; tree toads
                 member:  spring_peeper__Hyla_crucifer  small brown tree toad having a shrill call heard near wetlands of eastern United States and Canada in early spring
                 member:  Pacific_tree_toad__Hyla_regilla  most commonly heard frog on the Pacific coast of America
                 member:  canyon_treefrog__Hyla_arenicolor  small chiefly ground dweller that stays within easy jumping distance of water; of United States southwest and northern Mexico
              member:  genus_Acris__Acris  cricket frogs
                 member:  cricket_frog__cricketfrog  either of two frogs with a clicking call
              member:  genus_Pseudacris__Pseudacris  chorus frogs
                 member:  chorus_frog  any of several small North American frogs having a loud call
              member:  genus_Pternohyla__Pternohyla  burrowing treefrogs
                 member:  lowland_burrowing_treefrog__lowlandburrowingtreefrog__northern_casque-headed_frog__Pternohyla_fodiens  terrestrial burrowing nocturnal frog of grassy terrain and scrub forests having very hard upper surface of head; of the United States southwest
           member:  family_Microhylidae__Microhylidae__Brevicipitidae__family_Brevicipitidae  narrow-mouthed toads and sheep frogs; some burrow and some are arboreal; found worldwide
              member:  genus_Gastrophryne__Gastrophryne  primarily tropical narrow-mouthed toads
                 member:  western_narrow-mouthed_toad__Gastrophryne_olivacea  small secretive toad with smooth tough skin of central and western North America
                 member:  eastern_narrow-mouthed_toad__Gastrophryne_carolinensis  small toad of southeastern United States
              member:  genus_Hypopachus__Hypopachus  sheep frogs
                 member:  sheep_frog__sheepfrog  mostly of Central America
           member:  family_Pipidae__Pipidae  tongueless frogs
              member:  tongueless_frog  almost completely aquatic frog native to Africa and Panama and northern South America
              member:  genus_Pipa__Pipa  type genus of the Pipidae
              member:  genus_Xenopus__Xenopus  African clawed frog; in some classifications made the type genus of a separate family Xenopodidae
                 member:  African_clawed_frog__Xenopus_laevis  native to Africa; established in the United States as result of release of laboratory and aquarium animals
        member:  order_Gymnophiona__Gymnophiona  an order of amphibians including caecilians
           member:  family_Caeciliidae__Caeciliidae  coextensive with the order Gymnophiona: legless amphibians
              member:  caecilian__blindworm  any of the small slender limbless burrowing wormlike amphibians of the order Gymnophiona; inhabit moist soil in tropical regions
        member:  superorder_Labyrinthodontia__Labyrinthodontia__Labyrinthodonta__superorder_Labyrinthodonta  extinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teeth; Devonian through Triassic
           member:  labyrinthodont  an amphibian of the superorder Labyrinthodontia
           member:  order_Stereospondyli__Stereospondyli  formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; amphibia having vertebrae whose component elements are fused into a single piece: "most vertebrates are stereospondylous"
           member:  order_Temnospondyli__Temnospondyli  formerly a suborder of Stegocephalia; large Carboniferous and Permian amphibians having vertebrae in which some elements remain separate
        member:  order_Stegocephalia__Stegocephalia  in former classifications a division of Amphibia comprising all pre-Jurassic and some later extinct large salamandriform amphibia
        member:  tadpole__polliwog__pollywog  a larval frog or toad
     member:  amphibian_family__amphibianfamily  any family of amphibians
     member:  amphibian_genus__amphibiangenu  any genus of amphibians
     member:  reptile_family__reptilefamily  a family of reptiles
     member:  reptile_genus__reptilegenu  a genus of reptiles
     member:  class_Reptilia__Reptilia  class of cold-blooded air-breathing vertebrates with completely ossified skeleton and a body usually covered with scales or horny plates; once the dominant land animals
        member:  reptile__reptilian  any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises turtles snakes lizards alligators crocodiles and extinct forms
        member:  subclass_Anapsida__Anapsida  oldest known reptiles: turtles; extinct Permian forms
           member:  anapsid_reptile__anapsid  primitive reptile having no opening in the temporal region of the skull; all extinct except turtles
           member:  order_Chelonia__Chelonia__Testudinata__order_Testudinata__Testudines__order_Testudines  tortoises and turtles
              member:  chelonian_reptile__chelonianreptile__chelonian  a reptile of the order Chelonia
              member:  family_Cheloniidae__Cheloniidae__Chelonidae__family_Chelonidae  green turtles; hawksbills
                 member:  genus_Chelonia__Chelonia  green turtles
                    member:  green_turtle__greenturtle__Chelonia_mydas  large tropical turtle with greenish flesh used for turtle soup
                 member:  genus_Caretta__Caretta  loggerhead turtles
                    member:  loggerhead_turtle__loggerhead__Caretta_caretta  very large carnivorous sea turtle; wide ranging in warm open seas
                 member:  genus_Lepidochelys__Lepidochelys  ridleys
                    member:  ridley  a marine turtle
                 member:  genus_Eretmochelys__Eretmochelys  hawksbills
                    member:  hawksbill_turtle__hawksbillturtle__hawksbill__hawkbill__tortoiseshell_turtle__tortoiseshellturtle__Eretmochelys_imbricata  pugnacious tropical sea turtle with a hawk-like beak; source of food and the best tortoiseshell
              member:  family_Dermochelyidae__Dermochelyidae  sea turtles
                 member:  genus_Dermochelys__Dermochelys  type genus of the Dermochelyidae: leatherback turtles
                    member:  leatherback_turtle__leatherbackturtle__leatherback__leatheryturtle__Dermochelys_coriacea  wide ranging marine turtle with flexible leathery carapace; largest living turtle
              member:  family_Chelydridae__Chelydridae  snapping turtles
                 member:  snapping_turtle  large aggressive freshwater turtle with powerful jaws
                 member:  genus_Chelydra__Chelydra  snapping turtles
                    member:  common_snapping_turtle__snapper__chelydraserpentina  large-headed turtle with powerful hooked jaws found in or near water; prone to bite
                 member:  genus_Macroclemys__Macroclemys  alligator snapping turtles
                    member:  alligator_snapping_turtle__alligator_snapper__alligatorsnapper__Macroclemys_temmincki  large species having three ridges on its back; found in southeastern United States
              member:  family_Kinosternidae__Kinosternidae  mud turtles; musk turtles
                 member:  genus_Kinosternon__Kinosternon  type genus of the Kinosternidae
                    member:  mud_turtle__mudturtle  bottom-dwelling freshwater turtle inhabiting muddy rivers of North and Central America
                 member:  genus_Sternotherus__Sternotherus  musk turtles
                    member:  musk_turtle__stinkpot  small freshwater turtle having a strong musky odor
              member:  family_Emydidae__Emydidae  box and water turtles
                 member:  terrapin  any of various edible North American web-footed turtles living in fresh or brackish water
                 member:  genus_Malaclemys__Malaclemys  American terrapins
                    member:  diamondback_terrapin__diamondbackterrapin__Malaclemys_centrata  of marshes along Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States
                 member:  genus_Pseudemys__Pseudemys  sliders; red-bellied terrapin
                    member:  red-bellied_terrapin__redbelliedterrapin__red-bellied_turtle__redbelliedturtle__redbelly__Pseudemys_rubriventris  freshwater turtle of Chesapeake bay tributaries having red markings on the lower shell
                    member:  yellow-bellied_terrapin__slider__Pseudemys_scripta  freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets
                    member:  river_cooter__rivercooter__cooter__Pseudemys_concinna  large river turtle of the southern United States and northern Mexico
                 member:  genus_Terrapene__Terrapene  box turtles
                    member:  box_turtle__boxturtle__box_tortoise__boxtortoise  chiefly terrestrial turtle of North America; shell can be closed tightly
                 member:  genus_Chrysemys__Chrysemys  painted turtles
                    member:  painted_turtle__paintedturtle__painted_terrapin__paintedterrapin__painted_tortoise__paintedtortoise__chrysemyspicta  freshwater turtles having bright yellow and red markings; common in the eastern United States
              member:  family_Testudinidae__Testudinidae  land tortoises
                 member:  tortoise  usually herbivorous land turtles having clawed elephant-like limbs; worldwide in arid area except Australia and Antarctica
                 member:  genus_Testudo__Testudo  type genus of the Testudinidae
                    member:  European_tortoise__Testudo_graeca  small land tortoise of southern Europe
                    member:  giant_tortoise__gianttortoise  very large tortoises of the Galapagos and Seychelles islands
                 member:  genus_Geochelone__Geochelone  giant tortoises
                    member:  giant_tortoise__gianttortoise  very large tortoises of the Galapagos and Seychelles islands
                 member:  genus_Gopherus__Gopherus  gopher tortoises
                    member:  gopher_tortoise__gopher_turtle__gopher__Gopherus_polypemus  burrowing edible land tortoise of southeastern North America
                    member:  desert_tortoise__Gopherus_agassizii  burrowing tortoise of the arid western United States and northern Mexico; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates
                    member:  Texas_tortoise  close relative to the desert tortoise; may be reclassified as a member of genus Xerobates
                 member:  genus_Xerobates__Xerobates  possible new genus for desert and Texas tortoises based on recent research
              member:  family_Trionychidae__Trionychidae  soft-shelled turtles
                 member:  soft-shelled_turtle__pancake_turtle__pancaketurtle  voracious aquatic turtle with a flat flexible shell covered by a leathery skin; can inflict painful bites
                 member:  genus_Trionyx__Trionyx  type genus of the Trionychidae
                    member:  spiny_softshell__spinysoftshell__Trionyx_spiniferus  river turtle of western United States with a warty shell; prefers quiet water
                    member:  smooth_softshell__Trionyx_muticus  river turtle of Mississippi basin; prefers running water
        member:  subclass_Lepidosauria__Lepidosauria  diapsid reptiles: lizards; snakes; tuataras
           member:  order_Rhynchocephalia__Rhynchocephalia  tuataras; extinct forms from middle Triassic
              member:  genus_Sphenodon__Sphenodon  coextensive with the order Rhynchocephalia: tuataras
                 member:  tuatara__Sphenodon_punctatum  only extant member of the order Rhynchocephalia of large spiny lizard-like diapsid reptiles of coastal islands off New Zealand
           member:  order_Squamata__Squamata  diapsid reptiles: snakes and lizards
              member:  suborder_Sauria__Sauria__Lacertilia__suborder_Lacertilia  true lizards; including chameleons and geckos
                 member:  saurian  any of various reptiles of the suborder Sauria which includes lizards; in former classifications included also the crocodiles and dinosaurs
                 member:  family_Gekkonidae__Gekkonidae  geckos
                    member:  genus_Ptychozoon__Ptychozoon  flying geckos
                       member:  flying_gecko__fringed_gecko__fringedgecko__Ptychozoon_homalocephalum  having membranous expansions along sides of body and limbs and tail
                    member:  genus_Coleonyx__Coleonyx  banded geckos
                       member:  banded_gecko  any of several geckos with dard bands across the body and differing from typical geckos in having movable eyelids; of United States southwest and gulf coast to Florida
                 member:  family_Pygopodidae__Pygopodidae  Australian and Tasmanian lizards
                    member:  genus_Pygopus__Pygopus  type genus of the Pygopodidae; snake-shaped pleurodont lizard with no forelimbs and only rudimentary hind limbs
                 member:  family_Iguanidae__Iguanidae__Iguania__family_Iguania  New World lizards
                    member:  iguanid_lizard__iguanidlizard__iguanid  lizards of the New World and Madagascar and some Pacific islands; typically having a long tail and bright throat patch in males
                    member:  genus_Iguana  type genus of the Iguanidae
                       member:  common_iguana__iguana__Iguana_iguana  large herbivorous tropical American arboreal lizards with a spiny crest along the back; used as human food in Central and South America
                    member:  genus_Amblyrhynchus__Amblyrhynchus  marine iguanas
                       member:  marine_iguana__Amblyrhynchus_cristatus  shore-dwelling seaweed-eating lizard of the Galapagos Islands
                    member:  genus_Dipsosaurus__Dipsosaurus  desert iguanas
                       member:  desert_iguana__Dipsosaurus_dorsalis  small long-tailed lizard of arid areas of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico
                    member:  genus_Sauromalus__Sauromalus  chuckwallas
                    member:  genus_Callisaurus__Callisaurus  zebra-tailed lizard
                       member:  zebra-tailed_lizard__gridiron-tailed_lizard__Callisaurus_draconoides  swift lizard with long black-banded tail and long legs; of deserts of United States and Mexico
                    member:  genus_Uma__Uma  fringe-toed lizard
                       member:  fringe-toed_lizard__Uma_notata  with long pointed scales around toes; of deserts of United States and Mexico
                    member:  genus_Holbrookia__Holbrookia  earless lizards
                       member:  earless_lizard__earlesslizard  any of several slender lizards without external ear openings: of plains of western United States and Mexico
                    member:  genus_Crotaphytus__Crotaphytus  collard lizards
                       member:  collared_lizard  any of several robust long-tailed lizards with collars of two dark bands; of central and western United States and northern Mexico
                    member:  genus_Gambelia__Gambelia  leopard lizards
                       member:  leopard_lizard__leopardlizard  any of several large lizards with many dark spots; of western United States and northern Mexico
                    member:  genus_Sceloporus__Sceloporus  spiny lizards
                       member:  spiny_lizard__spinylizard  any of numerous lizards with overlapping ridged pointed scales; of North and Central America
                    member:  genus_Uta__Uta  a reptile genus of Iguanidae
                       member:  side-blotched_lizard__sand_lizard__Uta_stansburiana  one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States
                    member:  genus_Urosaurus__Urosaurus  a reptile genus of Iguanidae
                       member:  tree_lizard__Urosaurus_ornatus  a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico
                    member:  genus_Phrynosoma__Phrynosoma  horned lizards
                       member:  horned_lizard__horned_toad__horny_frog__hornyfrog  insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America
                    member:  genus_Basiliscus__Basiliscus  a reptile genus of Iguanidae
                       member:  basilisk  small crested arboreal lizard able to run on its hind legs; of tropical America
                    member:  genus_Anolis__Anolis  New World chameleons
                       member:  American_chameleon__anole__Anolis_carolinensis  small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color
                 member:  family_Amphisbaenidae__Amphisbaenidae  worm lizards
                 member:  family_Xantusiidae__Xantusiidae  night lizards
                    member:  night_lizard__nightlizard  small secretive nocturnal lizard of southwestern North America and Cuba; bear live young
                 member:  family_Scincidae__Scincidae  skinks
                    member:  genus_Scincus__Scincus  type genus of Scincidae
                    member:  genus_Scincella__Scincella  a reptile genus of Scincidae
                    member:  skink__scincid__scincidlizard  alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide
                    member:  genus_Eumeces__Eumeces  New World skinks
                       member:  western_skink__westernskink__Eumeces_skiltonianus  found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands
                       member:  mountain_skink__Eumeces_callicephalus  frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico
                 member:  family_Cordylidae__Cordylidae  small family of spiny ovoviviparous African lizards
                    member:  genus_Cordylus__Cordylus  type genus of the Cordylidae; spiny lizards somewhat resembling tiny crocodiles
                 member:  family_Teiidae__Teiidae  whiptails; etc.
                    member:  teiid_lizard__teiidlizard__teiid  tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail
                    member:  genus_Cnemidophorus__Cnemidophorus  whiptails
                       member:  whiptail_lizard__whiptail  any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards
                    member:  genus_Tupinambis__Tupinambis  tejus
                       member:  teju  large (to 3 feet) blackish yellow-banded South American lizard; raid henhouses; used as food
                 member:  family_Agamidae__Agamidae  an Old World reptile family of Sauria
                    member:  agamid_lizard__agamid  a lizard of the family Agamidae
                    member:  genus_Agama  type genus of the Agamidae
                       member:  agama  small terrestrial lizard of warm regions of the Old World
                    member:  genus_Chlamydosaurus__Chlamydosaurus  frilled lizards
                       member:  frilled_lizard__frilledlizard__Chlamydosaurus_kingi  large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck
                    member:  genus_Draco__Draco  flying dagons
                       member:  flying_dragon__dragon__flying_lizard  any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body
                    member:  genus_Moloch  genus of Australian desert lizard
                       member:  moloch  any lizard of the genus Moloch
                       member:  mountain_devil__spiny_lizard__spinylizard__molochhorridu  desert lizard that feeds on ants
                 member:  family_Anguidae__Anguidae  alligator lizards
                    member:  anguid_lizard  any of a small family of lizards widely distributed in warm areas; all are harmless and useful as destroyers of e.g. slugs and insects
                    member:  genus_Gerrhonotus__Gerrhonotus  alligator lizards
                       member:  alligator_lizard__alligatorlizard  slim short-limbed lizard having a distinctive fold on each side that permits expansion; of western North America
                    member:  genus_Anguis__Anguis  type genus of the Anguidae: blindworms
                       member:  blindworm__slowworm__Anguis_fragilis  small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind
                    member:  genus_Ophisaurus__Ophisaurus  glass lizards
                       member:  glass_lizard__glasslizard__glass_snake__glasssnake__joint_snake__jointsnake  snakelike lizard of Europe Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail
                 member:  family_Xenosauridae__Xenosauridae  monotypic family of Mexican lizards
                    member:  genus_Xenosaurus__Xenosaurus  type and sole genus of Xenosauridae: slender-bodied Mexican lizards having the upper surface covered with tiny granules and tubercles
                 member:  family_Anniellidae__Anniellidae  legless lizards
                    member:  legless_lizard__leglesslizard  degenerate wormlike burrowing lizard of California closely related to alligator lizards
                 member:  family_Lanthanotidae__Lanthanotidae  stout-bodied lizards
                    member:  genus_Lanthanotus__Lanthanotus  1 species
                       member:  Lanthanotus_borneensis  a stout-bodied pleurodont lizard of Borneo
                 member:  family_Helodermatidae__Helodermatidae  only known venomous lizards
                    member:  venomous_lizard  any of two or three large heavy-bodied lizards; only known venomous lizards
                    member:  genus_Heloderma__Heloderma  type genus of the Helodermatidae; American venomous lizards
                       member:  Gila_monster__Heloderma_suspectum  large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested
                       member:  Mexican_beaded_lizard__beaded_lizard__Heloderma_horridum  lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico
                 member:  family_Lacertidae__Lacertidae  Old World lizards
                    member:  lacertid_lizard__lacertid  Old World terrestrial lizard
                    member:  genus_Lacerta__Lacerta  type genus of the Lacertidae
                       member:  sand_lizard__Lacerta_agilis  a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia
                       member:  green_lizard__greenlizard__lacertaviridi  a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long
                 member:  family_Chamaeleontidae__Chamaeleontidae__Chamaeleonidae__family_Chamaeleonidae__Rhiptoglossa__family_Rhiptoglossa  Old World chameleons; in some classifications Rhiptoglossa is considered a superfamily of Sauria
                    member:  chameleon__chamaeleon  lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue
                    member:  genus_Chamaeleo__Chamaeleo__genus_Chamaeleon  type genus of the Chamaeleontidae
                       member:  African_chameleon__Chamaeleo_chamaeleon  a chameleon found in Africa
                       member:  horned_chameleon__Chamaeleo_oweni  a kind of chameleon
                 member:  family_Varanidae__Varanidae  monitor lizards
                    member:  genus_Varanus__Varanus  type and sole extant genus of the Varanidae
                       member:  monitor_lizard__monitorlizard__monitor__varan  any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles
              member:  suborder_Serpentes__Serpentes__Ophidia__suborder_Ophidia  snakes
                 member:  ophidian__snake__serpent  limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous
                 member:  family_Colubridae__Colubridae  nonvenomous snakes; about two-thirds of all living species
                    member:  colubrid_snake__colubrid  mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes
                    member:  genus_Carphophis__Carphophis  thunder snake
                       member:  thunder_snake__thundersnake__worm_snake__Carphophis_amoenus  small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States
                    member:  genus_Diadophis__Diadophis  a genus of reptiles of the family Colubridae including ringneck snakes
                       member:  ringneck_snake__ring-necked_snake__ring_snake  any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck
                    member:  genus_Heterodon__Heterodon  a genus of small colubrid snakes containing the North American hognose snakes
                       member:  hognose_snake__hognosesnake__puff_adder__sand_viper  harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed
                    member:  genus_Phyllorhynchus__Phyllorhynchus  leaf-nosed snakes
                       member:  leaf-nosed_snake  any of various pale blotched snakes with a blunt snout of southwestern North America
                    member:  genus_Opheodrys__Opheodrys  North American green snakes
                       member:  grass_snake__grasssnake__green_snake__greensnake  either of two N. American chiefly insectivorous green snakes
                    member:  genus_Chlorophis__Chlorophis  African green snakes
                       member:  green_snake__greensnake  any of numerous African green snakes
                    member:  genus_Coluber__Coluber  racers
                       member:  racer  slender fast-moving North American snakes
                       member:  horseshoe_whipsnake__Coluber_hippocrepis  slender fast-moving Eurasian snake
                    member:  genus_Masticophis__Masticophis  whipsnakes
                       member:  whipsnake__whip_snake  any of several fast-moving North American snakes with long whiplike tails
                    member:  genus_Elaphe__Elaphe  North American rat snakes
                       member:  corn_snake__red_rat_snake__redratsnake__Elaphe_guttata  large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms
                       member:  black_rat_snake__blackratsnake__blacksnake__pilot_blacksnake__pilotblacksnake__mountain_blacksnake__Elaphe_obsoleta  large harmless shiny black North American snake
                       member:  chicken_snake__chickensnake  large North American snake
                    member:  genus_Ptyas__Ptyas  Asian rat snakes
                       member:  Indian_rat_snake__Ptyas_mucosus  enter buildings in pursuit of prey
                    member:  genus_Arizona__Arizona  glossy snake
                       member:  glossy_snake__Arizona_elegans  nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales
                    member:  genus_Pituophis__Pituophis  bull snakes
                       member:  bull_snake  any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes
                    member:  genus_Lampropeltis__Lampropeltis  king snakes and milk snakes
                       member:  king_snake  any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals
                    member:  genus_Thamnophis__Thamnophis  garter snakes
                       member:  garter_snake__grass_snake__grasssnake  any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North and Central American snakes
                    member:  genus_Tropidoclonion__Tropidoclonion  lined snakes
                       member:  lined_snake__Tropidoclonion_lineatum  secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States
                    member:  genus_Sonora__Sonora  ground snakes
                       member:  ground_snake__Sonora_semiannulata  small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America
                    member:  genus_Potamophis__Potamophis  ground snakes
                       member:  eastern_ground_snake__Potamophis_striatula__Haldea_striatula  in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-gray snake of eastern North America
                    member:  genus_Haldea__Haldea  ground snakes
                    member:  genus_Natrix__Natrix  water snakes; a cosmopolitan genus
                       member:  common_water_snake__banded_water_snake__Natrix_sipedon__Nerodia_sipedon  in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water
                       member:  water_moccasin__watermoccasin  any of numerous North American water snakes inhabiting fresh waters
                    member:  genus_Nerodia__Nerodia  North American water snakes
                    member:  genus_Storeria__Storeria  a genus of Colubridae
                       member:  red-bellied_snake__redbelliedsnake__Storeria_occipitamaculata  harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States
                    member:  genus_Chilomeniscus__Chilomeniscus  sand snakes
                       member:  sand_snake  small North American burrowing snake
                    member:  genus_Tantilla__Tantilla  black-headed snakes
                       member:  black-headed_snake  small secretive ground-dwelling snake; found from central United States to Argentina
                    member:  genus_Oxybelis__Oxybelis  vine snakes
                       member:  vine_snake  slender arboreal snake found from southern Arizona to Bolivia
                    member:  genus_Trimorphodon__Trimorphodon  lyre snakes
                       member:  lyre_snake  mildly venomous snake with a lyre-shaped mark on the head; found in rocky areas from southwestern United States to Central America
                    member:  genus_Hypsiglena__Hypsiglena  night snakes
                       member:  night_snake__Hypsiglena_torquata  nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico
                    member:  genus_Drymarchon__Drymarchon  a genus of Colubridae
                 member:  family_Typhlopidae__Typhlopidae  blind snakes
                 member:  family_Leptotyphlopidae__Leptotyphlopidae  blind snakes
                    member:  blind_snake__blindsnake__worm_snake  wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes
                    member:  genus_Leptotyphlops__Leptotyphlops  blind snakes of Asia and Africa and Americas
                       member:  western_blind_snake__westernblindsnake__Leptotyphlops_humilis  burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States
                 member:  family_Boidae__Boidae  boas and pythons
                    member:  boa  any of several chiefly tropical constrictors with vestigial hind limbs
                    member:  genus_Charina__Charina  boas of western North America
                       member:  rubber_boa__tow-headed_snake__Charina_bottae  boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape
                    member:  genus_Lichanura__Lichanura  boas of western North America
                       member:  rosy_boa__Lichanura_trivirgata  boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States
                    member:  genus_Eunectes__Eunectes  anacondas
                       member:  anaconda__Eunectes_murinus  large arboreal boa of tropical South America
                    member:  subfamily_Pythoninae__Pythoninae  Old World boas: pythons; in some classifications considered a separate family from Boidae
                       member:  python  large Old World boas
                       member:  genus_Python  Old World boas
                          member:  reticulated_python__reticulatedpython__Python_reticulatus  of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world
                          member:  Indian_python__Python_molurus  very large python of southeast Asia
                          member:  rock_python__rock_snake__Python_sebae  very large python of tropical and southern Africa
                 member:  family_Elapidae__Elapidae  cobras; kraits; mambas; coral snakes; Australian taipan and tiger snakes
                    member:  elapid_snake__elapid  any of numerous venomous fanged snakes of warmer parts of both hemispheres
                    member:  genus_Micrurus__Micrurus  coral snakes
                       member:  eastern_coral_snake__easterncoralsnake__Micrurus_fulvius  ranges from Central America to southeastern United States
                    member:  genus_Micruroides__Micruroides  coral snakes
                       member:  western_coral_snake__westerncoralsnake__Micruroides_euryxanthus  ranges from Central America to southwestern United States
                    member:  genus_Calliophis__Calliophis__Callophis__genus_Callophis  Asian coral snakes
                       member:  Asian_coral_snake  of India
                    member:  genus_Aspidelaps__Aspidelaps  African coral snakes
                       member:  African_coral_snake__Aspidelaps_lubricus  small widely distributed arboreal snake of southern Africa banded in black and orange
                    member:  genus_Rhynchoelaps__Rhynchoelaps  Australian coral snakes
                       member:  Australian_coral_snake__Rhynchoelaps_australis  small venomous but harmless snake marked with black-and-white on red
                    member:  genus_Denisonia__Denisonia  copperheads
                       member:  Denisonia_superba__copperhead  venomous but sluggish reddish-brown snake of Australia
                    member:  genus_Naja__Naja  cobras
                       member:  Indian_cobra__Naja_naja  of tropical Africa and Asia
                       member:  asp__Egyptian_cobra__Naja_haje  cobra used by the Pharaohs as a symbol of their power over life and death
                       member:  black-necked_cobra__spitting_cobra__Naja_nigricollis  aggressive cobra widely distributed in Africa; rarely bites but spits venom that may cause blindness
                    member:  genus_Ophiophagus__Ophiophagus  king cobra
                       member:  king_cobra__hamadryad__Ophiophagus_hannan__Naja_hannah  large cobra of southeastern Asia and the East Indies; the largest venomous snake; sometimes placed in genus Naja
                    member:  genus_Hemachatus__Hemachatus  ringhals
                    member:  genus_Dendroaspis__Dendroaspis__Dendraspis__genus_Dendraspis  mambas
                       member:  mamba  arboreal snake of central and southern Africa whose bite is often fatal
                    member:  genus_Acanthophis__Acanthophis  Australian elapid snakes
                       member:  death_adder__Acanthophis_antarcticus  venomous Australian snake resembling an adder
                    member:  genus_Notechis__Notechis  tiger snakes
                       member:  tiger_snake__Notechis_scutatus  highly venomous brown-and-yellow snake of Australia and Tasmania
                    member:  genus_Pseudechis__Pseudechis  venomous Australian blacksnakes
                       member:  Australian_blacksnake__Pseudechis_porphyriacus  large semiaquatic snake of Australia; black above with red belly
                    member:  genus_Bungarus__Bungarus  kraits
                       member:  krait  brightly colored venomous but nonaggressive snake of southeastern Asia and Malay peninsula
                    member:  genus_Oxyuranus__Oxyuranus  taipans
                       member:  taipan__Oxyuranus_scutellatus  large highly venomous snake of northeastern Australia
                 member:  family_Hydrophidae__Hydrophidae  sea snakes
                    member:  sea_snake__seasnake  any of numerous venomous aquatic viviparous snakes having a fin-like tail; of warm littoral seas; feed on fish which they immobilize with quick-acting venom
                 member:  family_Viperidae__Viperidae  Old World vipers
                    member:  viper  venomous Old World snakes characterized by hollow venom-conducting fangs in the upper jaw
                    member:  genus_Vipera__Vipera  type genus of the Viperidae
                       member:  common_viper__adder__Vipera_berus  small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia
                       member:  asp_viper__aspviper__asp__Vipera_aspis  of southern Europe; similar to but smaller than the adder
                    member:  genus_Bitis__Bitis  a genus of Viperidae
                       member:  puff_adder__Bitis_arietans  large African viper that inflates its body when alarmed
                       member:  gaboon_viper__Bitis_gabonica  large heavy-bodied brilliantly marked and extremely venomous west African viper
                    member:  genus_Cerastes__Aspis__genus_Aspis  horned vipers
                       member:  horned_viper__cerastes__sand_viper__horned_asp__Cerastes_cornutus  highly venomous viper of North Africa and southwest Asia having a horny spine above each eye
                 member:  family_Crotalidae__Crotalidae  New World vipers: pit vipers
                    member:  pit_viper__pitviper  New World vipers with hollow fangs and a heat-sensitive pit on each side of the head
                    member:  genus_Agkistrodon__Agkistrodon__Ancistrodon__genus_Ancistrodon  copperheads
                       member:  copperhead__Agkistrodon_contortrix  common coppery brown pit viper of upland eastern United States
                       member:  cottonmouth__water_moccasin__watermoccasin__cottonmouth_moccasin__cottonmouthmoccasin__agkistrodonpiscivoru  venomous semiaquatic snake of swamps in southern United States
                    member:  rattlesnake  pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken
                    member:  genus_Crotalus__Crotalus  large rattlesnakes; seldom bite unless startled or pursuing prey
                       member:  timber_rattlesnake__banded_rattlesnake__Crotalus_horridus_horridus  widely distributed in rugged ground of eastern United States
                       member:  prairie_rattlesnake__prairie_rattler__Western_rattlesnake__Crotalus_viridis  widely distributed between the Mississippi and the Rockies
                       member:  horned_rattlesnake__sidewinder__Crotalus_cerastes  small pale-colored desert rattlesnake of southwestern United States; body moves in an S-shaped curve
                       member:  Western_diamondback_rattlesnake__Western_diamondback__Crotalus_atrox  largest and most dangerous North American snake; of southwestern United States and Mexico
                       member:  rock_rattlesnake__Crotalus_lepidus  mountain rock dweller of Mexico and most southern parts of United States southwest
                       member:  tiger_rattlesnake__tigerrattlesnake__Crotalus_tigris  having irregularly cross-banded back; of arid foothills and canyons of southern Arizona and Mexico
                       member:  Mojave_rattlesnake__Crotalus_scutulatus  extremely dangerous; most common in areas of scattered scrubby growth; from Mojave Desert to w. Texas and into Mexico
                       member:  speckled_rattlesnake__Crotalus_mitchellii  markings vary but usually harmonize with background; of sw Arizona and Baja California
                    member:  genus_Sistrurus__Sistrurus  pygmy rattlesnakes
                       member:  massasauga_rattler__massasauga__Sistrurus_catenatus  pygmy rattlesnake found in moist areas from the Great Lakes to Mexico; feeds on mice and small amphibians
                    member:  genus_Bothrops__Bothrops  fer-de-lance
                       member:  fer-de-lance__Bothrops_atrops  large extremely venomous pit viper of Central and South America
        member:  subclass_Archosauria__Archosauria  a large subclass of diapsid reptiles including: crocodiles; alligators; dinosaurs; pterosaurs; plesiosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
           member:  archosaur__archosaurian__archosaurian_reptile  extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
           member:  genus_Saurosuchus__Saurosuchus  early archosaurian carnivore
           member:  genus_Proterochampsa__Proterochampsa  early archosaurian carnivore
           member:  order_Crocodylia__Crocodylia__Crocodilia__order_Crocodilia  crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials
              member:  crocodilian_reptile__crocodilianreptile__crocodilian  extant archosaurian reptile
              member:  family_Crocodylidae__Crocodylidae  true crocodiles
                 member:  genus_Crocodylus__Crocodylus__Crocodilus__genus_Crocodilus  type genus of the Crocodylidae
                    member:  crocodile  large voracious aquatic reptile having a long snout with massive jaws and a body covered with bony plates; of sluggish tropical waters
                 member:  genus_Tomistoma__Tomistoma  a genus of Malayan crocodiles
                    member:  false_gavial__falsegavial__tomistomaschlegeli  crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial
              member:  family_Alligatoridae__Alligatoridae  alligators; caimans
                 member:  genus_Alligator  type genus of the Alligatoridae
                    member:  alligator  either of two amphibious reptiles with shorter broader snouts than crocodiles
                 member:  genus_Caiman  caimans
                    member:  cayman__caiman  alligator-like reptile of Central and South America having a more heavily armored belly
              member:  family_Gavialidae__Gavialidae  gavials
                 member:  genus_Gavialis__Gavialis  type genus of the Gavialidae
                    member:  gavial__Gavialis_gangeticus  large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout
           member:  order_Ornithischia__Ornithischia  extinct terrestrial reptiles having birdlike pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); bone-headed and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods)
              member:  ornithischian_dinosaur__ornithischiandinosaur__ornithischian  herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird
              member:  genus_Pisanosaurus  primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Argentina; early Triassic
                 member:  pisanosaur__pisanosaurus  primitive dinosaur found in Argentina
              member:  genus_Staurikosaurus  primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Brazil
                 member:  staurikosaur__staurikosaurus  primitive dinosaur found in Brazil
              member:  suborder_Thyreophora__Thyreophora__thyreophoran  armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs
                 member:  armored_dinosaur__armoreddinosaur  dinosaurs having bony armour
                 member:  genus_Stegosaurus  quadrupedal armored herbivore of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
                    member:  stegosaur__stegosaurus__stegosauru__Stegosaur_stenops  herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon
                 member:  genus_Ankylosaurus  armored herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous
                    member:  ankylosaur__ankylosaurus  having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's
                    member:  Edmontonia  heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture
              member:  suborder_Marginocephalia__Marginocephalia__marginocephalian  includes bone-headed (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs
                 member:  suborder_Pachycephalosaurus  bone-headed dinosaurs; late Cretaceous
                    member:  bone-headed_dinosaur  bipedal herbivorous dinosaurs with bony crowns
                 member:  suborder_Ceratopsia__Ceratopsia  horned dinosaurs
                    member:  ceratopsian__horned_dinosaur  any of several four-footed herbivorous horned dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia
                    member:  family_Ceratopsidae__familyceratopsidae__Ceratopsidae  American ceratopsian dinosaurs
                    member:  genus_Protoceratops  small horned dinosaurs
                    member:  genus_Triceratops  genus of herbivorous horned dinosaurs
                       member:  triceratops__triceratop  huge ceratopsian dinosaur having three horns and the neck heavily armored with a very solid frill
                    member:  genus_Styracosaurus  genus of horned dinosaurs
                       member:  styracosaur__styracosaurus__styracosauru  an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous
                    member:  genus_Psittacosaurus  most primitive genus of horned dinosaurs; early Cretaceous
                       member:  psittacosaur__psittacosaurus  primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind and short front limbs; may have been bipedal
              member:  suborder_Euronithopoda__Euronithopoda__euronithopod__Ornithopoda__suborder_Ornithopoda  widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs; trachodon; iguanodon)
                 member:  ornithopod_dinosaur__ornithopod  bipedal herbivorous dinosaur
                 member:  family_Hadrosauridae__Hadrosauridae  duck-billed dinosaurs; upper Cretaceous
                    member:  hadrosaur__hadrosaurus__hadrosauru__duck-billed_dinosaur  any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic
                    member:  genus_Anatotitan  genus of large duck-billed dinosaurs; late Cretaceous
                       member:  anatotitan  one of the largest and most famous duck-billed dinosaurs
                    member:  genus_Corythosaurus  genus of duck-billed dinosaurs of late Cretaceous
                       member:  corythosaur__corythosaurus__corythosauru  duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet
                    member:  genus_Edmontosaurus  duck-billed dinosaurs of Canada
                       member:  edmontosaurus__edmontosauru  duck-billed dinosaur from Canada found as a fossilized mummy with skin
                 member:  genus_Trachodon  a reptile genus of the suborder Euronithopoda
                    member:  trachodon__trachodont  large duck-billed dinosaur of the Upper Cretaceous
                 member:  family_Iguanodontidae__Iguanodontidae  iguanodons
                    member:  genus_Iguanodon  type genus of the Iguanodontidae
                       member:  iguanodon  massive herbivorous bipedal dinosaur with a long heavy tail; common in Europe and North Africa; early Cretaceous
           member:  order_Saurischia__Saurischia  extinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous)
              member:  saurischian_dinosaur__saurischiandinosaur__saurischian  herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile
              member:  suborder_Sauropodomorpha__Sauropodomorpha  gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus; diplodocus; titanosaurs)
                 member:  suborder_Prosauropoda__Prosauropoda  the earliest known dinosaurs
                 member:  suborder_Sauropoda__Sauropoda  any of the sauropod dinosaurs
                    member:  sauropod_dinosaur__sauropod  very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal
                    member:  genus_Apatosaurus__genus_Brontosaurus  large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs with very long neck and tail; late Jurassic
                       member:  apatosaur__apatosaurus__brontosaur__brontosaurus__thunder_lizard__thunderlizard__Apatosaurus_excelsus  huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in N. America in the late Jurassic
                    member:  genus_Barosaurus  huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur; late Jurassic
                       member:  barosaur__barosaurus  5-story-tall dinosaur
                    member:  genus_Diplodocus  a reptile genus of the suborder Sauropoda
                       member:  diplodocus  huge quadrupedal herbivore with long neck and tail; of late Jurassic in western N. America
                    member:  family_Titanosauridae__Titanosauridae  herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous
                       member:  genus_Titanosaurus__Titanosaurus  genus of herbivorous dinosaurs flourishing during the Cretaceous in South America
                          member:  titanosaur__titanosaurian  amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere
                          member:  genus_Argentinosaurus  enormous dinosaur of the middle Cretaceous found in Argentina
                             member:  argentinosaur  huge herbivorous dinosaur of Cretaceous found in Argentina
                       member:  genus_Seismosaurus__Seismosaurus  genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs of Cretaceous found in western North America
                          member:  ground-shaker__seismosaur  huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America
                 member:  suborder_Theropoda__Theropoda  carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous
                    member:  theropod_dinosaur__theropod__bird-footed_dinosaur  any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs
                    member:  suborder_Ceratosaura  primitive saurischian dinosaurs
                       member:  genus_Ceratosaurus  primitive saurischian carnivorous dinosaurs
                          member:  coelophysis__coelophysi  one of the oldest known dinosaurs; late Triassic; cannibalistic
                       member:  ceratosaur__ceratosaurus  primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America
                       member:  genus_Coelophysis  late Triassic carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs
                    member:  suborder_Carnosaura__Carnosaura  largest carnivorous land animals ever known
                       member:  carnosaur  large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having huge claws
                       member:  genus_Tyrannosaurus  includes a single species
                          member:  tyrannosaur__tyrannosauru__Tyrannosaurus_rex  large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; Upper Cretaceous; North America
                       member:  genus_Allosaurus__genus_Antrodemus  carnivorous dinosaur of North America; late Jurassic
                          member:  allosaur__allosaurus  late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus
                    member:  genus_Compsognathus  a reptile genus of Theropoda
                       member:  compsognathus__compsognathu  very small bipedal carnivorous dinosaur of the late Jurassic in Bavaria
                    member:  genus_Herrerasaurus  primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic
                       member:  herrerasaur__herrerasaurus__herrerasauru  a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina
                    member:  genus_Eoraptor  primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic
                       member:  eoraptor  a theropod dinosaur of the genus Eoraptor
                    member:  family_Megalosauridae__Megalosauridae  megalosaurs
                       member:  genus_Megalosaurus  type genus of the Megalosauridae
                          member:  megalosaur__megalosaurus  gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe
                    member:  suborder_Ornithomimida__Ornithomimida  lightly built medium-size theropods
                       member:  ornithomimid  lightly built medium-sized dinosaur having extremely long limbs and necks with small heads and big brains and large eyes
                       member:  genus_Struthiomimus  small toothless saurischian dinosaurs; upper Cretaceous of Canada
                          member:  struthiomimus__struthiomimu  small light-boned toothless dinosaur resembling an ostrich in size and proportions
                       member:  genus_Deinocheirus  a reptile genus of Ornithomimida
                          member:  deinocheirus  lightly built medium-sized theropod with long limbs and neck
                    member:  suborder_Maniraptora__Maniraptora  advanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds
                       member:  maniraptor  advanced carnivorous theropod
                       member:  oviraptorid  advanced carnivorous theropod
                       member:  genus_Velociraptor  advanced carnivorous theropod
                          member:  velociraptor  small active carnivore that probably fed on protoceratops; possibly related more closely to birds than to other dinosaurs
                       member:  family_Dromaeosauridae__Dromaeosauridae  swift-running bipedal dinosaurs
                          member:  dromaeosaur  a kind of maniraptor
                          member:  genus_Deinonychus  advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur
                             member:  deinonychus__deinonychu  swift agile wolf-sized bipedal dinosaur having a large curved claw on each hind foot; of the Cretaceous
                          member:  genus_Utahraptor  advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur
                             member:  utahraptor__superslasher  large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright 15-in slashing claw on each hind foot; early Cretaceous
                       member:  genus_Mononychus  authorities disagree over whether to classify the genus as bird or dinosaur
                          member:  Mononychus_olecranus  75-million-year-old turkey-sized long-legged fossil found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia having birdlike fused wrist bones and keeled breastbone and a long tail resembling a dinosaur's; short 3-inch-long forelimbs end in a single claw instead of wings; classification as bird or dinosaur is in dispute
           member:  order_Pterosauria__Pterosauria  extinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs
              member:  pterosaur__flying_reptile  extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a birdlike beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb
              member:  family_Pterodactylidae__Pterodactylidae  a reptile family in the order Pterosauria
                 member:  genus_Pterodactylus__Pterodactylus  a reptile genus of Pterodactylidae
                    member:  pterodactyl  extinct flying reptile
           member:  order_Thecodontia__Thecodontia  extinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic
              member:  thecodont_reptile__thecodontreptile__thecodont  presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds
           member:  order_Ichthyosauria__Ichthyosauria  extinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs
              member:  ichthyosaur  any of several marine reptiles of the Mesozoic having a body like a porpoise with dorsal and tail fins and paddle-shaped limbs
              member:  family_Ichthyosauridae__Ichthyosauridae  later ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous; widely distributed in both hemispheres
                 member:  genus_Ichthyosaurus  type genus of the Ichthyosauridae
                    member:  ichthyosaurus__ichthyosauru  ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic
                 member:  genus_Stenopterygius  a reptile genus of Ichthyosauridae
                    member:  stenopterygius__Stenopterygius_quadrisicissus  an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius
           member:  order_Sauropterygia__Sauropterygia  extinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs
              member:  suborder_Plesiosauria__Plesiosauria  any of the plesiosaurs
                 member:  genus_Plesiosaurus  a reptile genus of suborder Plesiosauria
                    member:  plesiosaur__plesiosaurus  extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
              member:  suborder_Nothosauria__Nothosauria  a suborder of Sauropterygia
                 member:  genus_Nothosaurus  a genus of Nothosauria
                    member:  nothosaur  extinct marine reptile with longer more slender limbs than plesiosaurs and less completely modified for swimming
        member:  subclass_Synapsida__Synapsida  extinct reptiles of the Permian to Jurassic considered ancestral to mammals
           member:  order_Therapsida__Therapsida  extinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic
              member:  therapsid__protomammal  probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals
              member:  genus_Chronoperates__Chronoperates  a reptile genus of Therapsida
                 member:  Chronoperates_paradoxus  shrew-sized protomammal from the Alberta Canada region; of about 55 million years ago (much more recent than other mammal-like reptiles)
              member:  division_Cynodontia__Cynodontia  a division of Triassic Therapsida comprising small carnivorous tetrapod reptiles often with mammal-like teeth
                 member:  cynodont  small carnivorous reptiles
                 member:  genus_Exaeretodon__Exaeretodon  a genus of reptiles of the division Cynodontia
              member:  division_Dicynodontia__Dicynodontia  a division of Therapsida
                 member:  dicynodont  a kind of therapsid
                 member:  genus_Ischigualastia__Ischigualastia  early reptile found in Argentina
           member:  order_Ictodosauria__Ictodosauria  extinct reptiles of the Upper Triassic
              member:  ictodosaur  intermediate in form between the therapsids and most primitive true mammals
           member:  order_Pelycosauria__Pelycosauria  edaphosaurus; dimetrodon
              member:  pelycosaur  large primitive reptile having a tall spinal sail; of the Permian or late Paleozoic in Europe and North America
              member:  family_Edaphosauridae__Edaphosauridae  a family of reptiles of the order Pelycosauria
                 member:  genus_Edaphosaurus  type genus of the Edaphosauridae
                    member:  edaphosaurus  heavy-bodied reptile with a dorsal sail or crest; of the late Paleozoic
              member:  genus_Dimetrodon  a reptile genus of Pelycosauria
                 member:  dimetrodon  carnivorous dinosaur of the Permian in North America having a crest or dorsal sail
     member:  class_Mammalia__Mammalia  warm-blooded vertebrates characterized by mammary glands in the female
        member:  young_mammal__youngmammal  any immature mammal
        member:  mammal  any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk
        member:  subclass_Prototheria__Prototheria  echidnas; platypus
           member:  order_Monotremata__Monotremata  coextensive with the subclass Prototheria
              member:  family_Tachyglossidae__Tachyglossidae  echidnas
                 member:  genus_Tachyglossus__Tachyglossus  type genus of the family Tachyglossidae
                    member:  echidna__spiny_anteater__spinyanteater__anteater  burrowing spine-covered monotreme of Australia having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites
                 member:  genus_Zaglossus__Zaglossus  a genus of Tachyglossidae
                    member:  spiny_anteater__spinyanteater__echidna__anteater  New Guinea echidnas
              member:  family_Ornithorhynchidae__Ornithorhynchidae  platypus
                 member:  genus_Ornithorhynchus__Ornithorhynchus  type genus of the family Ornithorhynchidae
                    member:  duck-billed_platypus__platypus__duckbill__duckbilled_platypus__Ornithorhynchus_anatinus  small densely furred aquatic monotreme of Australia and Tasmania having a broad bill and tail and webbed feet; only species in the family Ornithorhynchidae
        member:  subclass_Pantotheria__Pantotheria  generalized extinct mammals widespread during the Jurassic; commonly conceded to be ancestral to marsupial and placental mammals
        member:  subclass_Metatheria__Metatheria  pouched animals
           member:  order_Marsupialia__Marsupialia  coextensive with the subclass Metatheria
              member:  marsupial__pouched_mammal__pouchedmammal  mammals of which the females have a pouch (the marsupium) containing the teats where the young are fed and carried
              member:  family_Didelphidae__Didelphidae  opossums
                 member:  opossum__possum  nocturnal arboreal marsupial having a naked prehensile tail found from southern North America to northern South America
                 member:  genus_Didelphis__Didelphis  type genus of the family Didelphidae
                    member:  crab-eating_opossum  South American opossum
              member:  family_Caenolestidae__Caenolestidae  small marsupials of southern South America
                 member:  genus_Caenolestes__Caenolestes  type genus of the family Caenolestidae
                    member:  opossum_rat__opossumrat  terrestrial marsupials of southern South America that resemble shrews
              member:  family_Peramelidae__Peramelidae  bandicoots
                 member:  bandicoot  any of various agile rat-like terrestrial marsupials of Australia and adjacent islands; insectivorous and herbivorous
                 member:  genus_Macrotis__Macrotis  a genus of Peramelidae
                    member:  rabbit-eared_bandicoot__rabbit_bandicoot__bilby__Macrotis_lagotis  bandicoot with leathery ears like a rabbit
              member:  family_Macropodidae__Macropodidae  kangaroos; wallabies
                 member:  kangaroo  any of several herbivorous leaping marsupials of Australia and New Guinea having large powerful hind legs and a long thick tail
                 member:  genus_Macropus__Macropus  type genus of the family Macropodidae: typical kangaroos and wallabies
                    member:  giant_kangaroo__giantkangaroo__great_gray_kangaroo__Macropus_giganteus  very large grayish-brown Australian kangaroo formerly abundant in open wooded areas
                    member:  common_wallaby__Macropus_agiles  height 30 inches
                 member:  genus_Lagorchestes__Lagorchestes  hare wallabies
                    member:  hare_wallaby__kangaroo_hare  small Australian wallaby that resembles a hare and has persistent teeth
                 member:  genus_Onychogalea__Onychogalea  a genus of Macropodidae
                    member:  nail-tailed_wallaby__nail-tailed_kangaroo  small wallabies with a horny nail on the tip of the tail
                 member:  genus_Petrogale__Petrogale  rock wallabies
                    member:  rock_wallaby__rock_kangaroo  slender long-legged Australian wallabies living in caves and rocky areas
                 member:  genus_Thylogale__Thylogale  pademelons
                    member:  pademelon__paddymelon  small reddish-brown wallabies of scrubby areas of Australia and New Guinea
                 member:  genus_Dendrolagus__Dendrolagus  tree wallabies
                    member:  tree_wallaby__tree_kangaroo  arboreal wallabies of New Guinea and northern Australia having hind and forelegs of similar length
                 member:  genus_Hypsiprymnodon__Hypsiprymnodon  musk kangaroos
                    member:  musk_kangaroo__Hypsiprymnodon_moschatus  small kangaroo of northeastern Australia
                 member:  subfamily_Potoroinae__Potoroinae  rat kangaroos
                    member:  rat_kangaroo__ratkangaroo__kangaroo_rat  any of several rabbit-sized rat-like Australian kangaroos
                    member:  genus_Potorous__Potorous  potoroos
                       member:  potoroo  Australian rat kangaroos
                    member:  genus_Bettongia__Bettongia  jerboa kangaroo
                       member:  bettong  short-nosed rat kangaroo
                       member:  jerboa_kangaroo__kangaroo_jerboa  brush-tailed rat kangaroo
              member:  family_Phalangeridae__Phalangeridae  phalangers; koalas
                 member:  phalanger__opossum__possum  small furry Australian arboreal marsupials having long usually prehensile tails
                 member:  genus_Phalanger  type genus of the family Phalangeridae: cuscuses
                    member:  cuscus  woolly-haired monkey-like arboreal marsupial of New Guinea and North Australia
                 member:  genus_Trichosurus__Trichosurus  a genus of Phalangeridae
                    member:  brush-tailed_phalanger__Trichosurus_vulpecula  bushy-tailed phalanger
                 member:  genus_Petaurus__Petaurus  a genus of Phalangeridae
                    member:  flying_phalanger__flying_opossum__flying_squirrel  nocturnal phalangers that move with gliding leaps using parachute-like folds of skin along the sides of the body
                 member:  genus_Acrobates__Acrobates  a genus of Phalangeridae
                    member:  flying_mouse  tiny flying phalanger
                 member:  genus_Phascolarctos__Phascolarctos  koalas
              member:  family_Vombatidae__Vombatidae  wombats
                 member:  wombat  burrowing herbivorous Australian marsupials about the size of a badger
              member:  family_Dasyuridae__Dasyuridae__family_Dasyurinae  dasyures; native cats; pouched mice; banded anteaters; Tasmanian devils
                 member:  dasyurid_marsupial__dasyurid  small carnivorous nocturnal marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
                 member:  genus_Dasyurus__Dasyurus  type genus of the family Dasyuridae: native cats
                    member:  dasyure  any of several more or less arboreal marsupials somewhat resembling martens
                 member:  genus_Thylacinus__Thylacinus  Tasmanian wolf
                    member:  thylacine__Tasmanian_wolf__Tasmanian_tiger__Thylacinus_cynocephalus  rare doglike carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania having stripes on its back; probably extinct
                 member:  genus_Sarcophilus__Sarcophilus  Tasmanian devil
                    member:  Tasmanian_devil__ursine_dasyure__Sarcophilus_hariisi  small ferocious carnivorous marsupial having a mostly black coat and long tail
                 member:  genus_Phascogale__Phascogale  pouched mice
                    member:  pouched_mouse__pouchedmouse__marsupial_mouse__marsupialmouse__marsupial_rat__marsupialrat  any of numerous small sharp-nosed insectivorous marsupials superficially resembling mice or rats
                 member:  genus_Myrmecobius__Myrmecobius  banded anteater
                    member:  numbat__banded_anteater__anteater__Myrmecobius_fasciatus  small Australian marsupial having long snout and strong claws for feeding on termites; nearly extinct
              member:  family_Notoryctidae__Notoryctidae  pouched moles
                 member:  genus_Notoryctus__Notoryctus  type genus of the family Notoryctidae: comprising solely the marsupial mole
                    member:  pouched_mole__pouchedmole__marsupialmole__Notoryctus_typhlops  small burrowing Australian marsupial that resembles a mole
        member:  subclass_Eutheria__Eutheria  all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
           member:  placental_mammal__placentalmammal__placental__eutherian__eutherian_mammal__eutherianmammal  mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
           member:  order_Insectivora__Insectivora  shrews; moles; hedgehogs; tenrecs
              member:  suborder_Lipotyphla__Lipotyphla  moles; hedgehogs; true shrews
              member:  suborder_Menotyphla__Menotyphla  elephant shrews; tree shrews
              member:  insectivore  small insect-eating mainly nocturnal terrestrial or fossorial mammals
              member:  family_Talpidae__Talpidae  moles
                 member:  mole  small velvety-furred burrowing mammal having small eyes and fossorial forefeet
                 member:  genus_Condylura__Condylura  star-nosed moles
                 member:  genus_Parascalops__Parascalops  brewer's moles
                 member:  genus_Uropsilus__Uropsilus  shrew moles
                    member:  shrew_mole__shrewmole  slender mole having a long snout and tail
                    member:  Asiatic_shrew_mole__Uropsilus_soricipes  shrew mole of eastern Asia
                 member:  genus_Neurotrichus__Neurotrichus  shrew moles
                    member:  American_shrew_mole__Neurotrichus_gibbsii  grayish-black shrew mole of the United States and Canada
              member:  family_Chrysochloridae__Chrysochloridae  golden moles
                 member:  genus_Chrysochloris__Chrysochloris  type genus of the Chrysochloridae
                    member:  golden_mole  mole of southern Africa having iridescent guard hairs mixed with the underfur
              member:  family_Soricidae__Soricidae  shrews
                 member:  shrewmouse__shrew  small mouselike mammal with a long snout; related to moles
                 member:  genus_Sorex__Sorex  type genus of the family Soricidae: shrews
                    member:  common_shrew__Sorex_araneus  common American shrew
                    member:  American_water_shrew__Sorex_palustris  water shrew of North America
                 member:  genus_Blarina__Blarina  shrews
                    member:  short-tailed_shrew__Blarina_brevicauda  North American shrew with tail less than half its body length
                 member:  genus_Neomys__Neomys  a genus of Soricidae
                    member:  European_water_shrew__Neomys_fodiens  widely distributed Old World water shrew
                    member:  Mediterranean_water_shrew__Neomys_anomalus  a type of water shrew
                 member:  genus_Cryptotis__Cryptotis  least shrews
              member:  family_Erinaceidae__Erinaceidae  true hedgehogs
                 member:  genus_Erinaceus__Erinaceus  type genus of the family Erinaceidae: hedgehogs
                    member:  hedgehog__Erinaceus_europaeus__Erinaceus_europeaeus  small nocturnal Old World mammal covered with both hair and protective spines
              member:  family_Tenrecidae__Tenrecidae  tenrecs and extinct related forms
                 member:  tenrec__tendrac  small often spiny insectivorous mammal of Madagascar; resembles a hedgehog
                 member:  genus_Tenrec  type genus of the family Tenrecidae: tenrecs
                    member:  tailless_tenrec__Tenrec_ecaudatus  prolific animal that feeds chiefly on earthworms
              member:  family_Potamogalidae__Potamogalidae  otter shrews
                 member:  genus_Potamogale  type genus of the family Potamogalidae: otter shrews
                    member:  otter_shrew__ottershrew__potamogale__Potamogale_velox  amphibious African insectivorous mammal that resembles an otter
           member:  order_Cetacea__Cetacea  an order of Eutheria
              member:  cetacean_mammal__cetacean__blower  large aquatic carnivorous mammal with fin-like forelimbs no hind limbs, including: whales; dolphins; porpoises; narwhals
              member:  suborder_Mysticeti__Mysticeti  baleen whales: right whales; rorquals; blue whales; humpbacks
                 member:  baleen_whale__whalebone_whale__whalebonewhale  whale with plates of whalebone along the upper jaw for filtering plankton from the water
                 member:  family_Balaenidae__Balaenidae  right whales
                    member:  right_whale__rightwhale  large arctic whalebone whale; allegedly the `right' whale to hunt because of its valuable whalebone and oil
                    member:  genus_Balaena__Balaena  type genus of the Balaenidae: Greenland whales
                       member:  bowhead_whale__bowheadwhale__bowhead__Greenland_whale__Balaena_mysticetus  large-mouthed arctic whale
                 member:  family_Balaenopteridae__Balaenopteridae  rorquals; blue whales
                    member:  rorqual__razorback  any of several baleen whales of of the family Balaenopteridae having longitudinal grooves on the throat and a small pointed dorsal fin
                    member:  genus_Balaenoptera__Balaenoptera  type genus of the Balaenopteridae
                       member:  blue_whale__sulfur_bottom__Balaenoptera_musculus  largest mammal ever known; bluish-gray migratory whalebone whale mostly of southern hemisphere
                       member:  finback_whale__finbackwhale__finback__finwhale__common_rorqual__Balaenoptera_physalus  large flat-headed whalebone whale having deep furrows along the throat; of Atlantic and Pacific
                       member:  sei_whale__seiwhale__Balaenoptera_borealis  similar to but smaller than the finback whale
                       member:  lesser_rorqual__piked_whale__pikedwhale__minke_whale__minkewhale__Balaenoptera_acutorostrata  small finback of coastal waters of Atlantic and Pacific
                    member:  genus_Megaptera__Megaptera  humpback whales
                       member:  humpback_whale__humpback__Megaptera_novaeangliae  large whalebone whale with long flippers noted for arching or humping its back as it dives
                 member:  family_Eschrichtiidae__Eschrichtiidae  comprising only the gray whales
                    member:  genus_Eschrichtius__Eschrichtius  type and sole genus of the Eschrichtiidae
                       member:  gray_whale__devilfish__Eschrichtius_gibbosus__Eschrichtius_robustus  medium-sized grayish-black whale of the north Pacific
              member:  suborder_Odontoceti__Odontoceti  toothed whales: dolphins; porpoises; sperm whales; beaked whales
                 member:  toothed_whale__toothedwhale  any of several whales having simple conical teeth and feeding on fish etc.
                 member:  family_Physeteridae__Physeteridae  sperm whales
                    member:  genus_Physeter__Physeter  type genus of the Physeteridae
                       member:  sperm_whale__spermwhale__cachalot__black_whale__blackwhale__Physeter_catodon  large whale with a large cavity in the head containing spermaceti and oil; also a source of ambergris
                    member:  genus_Kogia__Kogia  pygmy sperm whales
                       member:  pygmy_sperm_whale__pygmyspermwhale__Kogia_breviceps  small sperm whale of warm waters of both coasts of North America
                       member:  dwarf_sperm_whale__dwarfspermwhale__kogiasimu  very small (to 8 feet) sperm whale of central coasts of Atlantic and Pacific
                 member:  family_Ziphiidae__Ziphiidae__Hyperodontidae__family_Hyperodontidae  beaked whales; in some especially former classifications included in the family Physeteridae
                    member:  beaked_whale  any of several whales inhabiting all oceans and having beaklike jaws with vestigial teeth in the upper jaw
                    member:  genus_Hyperoodon__Hyperoodon  bottle-nosed whales
                       member:  bottle-nosed_whale__bottlenose_whale__bottlenose__Hyperoodon_ampullatus  North Atlantic beaked whale with a bulbous forehead
                 member:  family_Delphinidae__Delphinidae  dolphins
                    member:  dolphin  any of various small toothed whales with a beaklike snout; larger than porpoises
                    member:  genus_Delphinus__Delphinus  type genus of the Delphinidae
                       member:  common_dolphin__Delphinus_delphis  black-and-white dolphin that leaps high out of the water; one of the dolphins displayed at the Marinelands of California and Florida
                    member:  genus_Tursiops__Tursiops  a genus of Delphinidae
                       member:  bottlenose_dolphin__bottle-nosed_dolphin__bottlenose  any of several dolphins with rounded forehead and well-developed beak; chiefly of North Atlantic and Mediterranean
                    member:  genus_Phocaena__Phocaena  porpoises
                       member:  porpoise  any of several small gregarious cetacean mammals having a blunt snout and many teeth
                    member:  genus_Grampus  grampus
                       member:  grampus__grampu__Grampus_griseus  slaty-gray blunt-nosed dolphin common in northern seas
                    member:  genus_Orcinus__Orcinus  killer whales
                       member:  killer_whale__killer__orca__grampus__grampu__sea_wolf__seawolf__Orcinus_orca  predatory black-and-white toothed whale with large dorsal fin; common in cold seas
                    member:  genus_Globicephala__Globicephala  pilot whales
                       member:  pilot_whale__pilotwhale__black_whale__blackwhale__common_blackfish__blackfish__Globicephala_melaena  small dark-colored whaled of United States Atlantic coast; the largest male acts as pilot or leader for the school
                 member:  family_Platanistidae__Platanistidae  river dolphins
                    member:  river_dolphin__riverdolphin  any of several long-snouted usually freshwater dolphins of South America and southern Asia
              member:  family_Monodontidae__Monodontidae  narwhals
                 member:  genus_Monodon__Monodon  type genus of the Monodontidae
                    member:  narwhal__narwal__narwhale__Monodon_monoceros  small arctic whale the male having a long spiral ivory tusk
                 member:  genus_Delphinapterus__Delphinapterus  white whale
                    member:  white_whale__whitewhale__beluga__Delphinapterus_leucas  small northern whale that is white when adult
           member:  order_Sirenia__Sirenia  manatees; dugongs; Stellar's sea cow
              member:  sea_cow__seacow__sirenian_mammal__sirenian  any of two families of large herbivorous aquatic mammals with paddle-shaped tails and flipper-like forelimbs and no hind limbs
              member:  family_Trichechidae__Trichechidae  comprising only the manatees
                 member:  Trichechus__genus_Trichecus  type and sole genus of the Trichechidae
                    member:  manatee__trichechusmanatu  sirenian mammal of tropical coastal waters of America; the flat tail is rounded
              member:  family_Dugongidae__Dugongidae  a family of mammals of order Sirenia including dugongs and Steller's sea cow
                 member:  genus_Dugong  type genus of the Dugongidae comprising only the dugongs
                    member:  dugong__Dugong_dugon  sirenian tusked mammal found from eastern Africa to Australia; the flat tail is bilobate
                 member:  genus_Hydrodamalis__Hydrodamalis  a genus of the family Dugongidae comprising only Steller's sea cow
                    member:  Steller's_sea_cow__Hydrodamalis_gigas  extinct large sirenian mammal formerly found near Asiatic coast of the Bering Sea
           member:  order_Carnivora__Carnivora  cats; lions; tigers; panthers; dogs; wolves; jackals; bears; raccoons; skunks; and members of the suborder Pinnipedia
              member:  carnivore  terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal; terrestrial carnivores have four or five clawed digits on each limb
              member:  suborder_Pinnipedia__Pinnipedia  seals; sea lions; walruses
                 member:  pinniped_mammal__pinniped__pinnatiped  aquatic carnivorous mammal having a streamlined body specialized for swimming with limbs modified as flippers
                 member:  family_Otariidae__Otariidae  eared seals: sea lions and fur seals
                    member:  eared_seal__earedseal  pinniped mammal having external ear flaps and hind limbs used for locomotion on land; valued for its soft underfur
                    member:  genus_Arctocephalus__Arctocephalus  fur seals
                       member:  fur_seal__furseal  eared seal of the S hemisphere; the thick soft underfur is the source of sealskin
                    member:  genus_Callorhinus__Callorhinus  fur seals
                       member:  fur_seal.eared_seal__furseal  fur seal of the north Pacific
                    member:  genus_Otaria__Otaria  type genus of the Otariidae
                       member:  South_American_sea_lion__Otaria_Byronia  of the southern coast of South America
                    member:  genus_Zalophus__Zalophus  sea lions
                       member:  California_sea_lion__Zalophus_californianus__Zalophus_californicus  often trained as a show animal
                       member:  Australian_sea_lion__Zalophus_lobatus  a variety of sea lion found in Australia
                    member:  genus_Eumetopias__Eumetopias  sea lions
                       member:  Steller_sea_lion__Steller's_sea_lion__Eumetopias_jubatus  largest sea lion; of the north Pacific
                 member:  family_Phocidae__Phocidae  earless seals
                    member:  earless_seal__earlessseal__true_seal__hair_seal  any of several seals lacking external ear flaps and having a stiff hairlike coat with hind limbs reduced to swimming flippers
                    member:  genus_Phoca__Phoca  type genus of the Phocidae: earless seals
                       member:  harbor_seal__common_seal__Phoca_vitulina  small spotted seal of coastal waters of the northern hemisphere
                    member:  genus_Pagophilus__Pagophilus  harp seals
                       member:  harp_seal__Pagophilus_groenlandicus  common arctic seal; the young are all white
                    member:  genus_Mirounga__Mirounga  elephant seals
                       member:  elephant_seal__sea_elephant__seaelephant  either of two large North Atlantic earless seals having snouts like trunks
                    member:  genus_Erignathus__Erignathus  bearded seals
                       member:  bearded_seal__beardedseal__squareflipper_square_flipper__Erignathus_barbatus  medium-sized grayish to yellow seal with bristles each side of muzzle; of Arctic Ocean
                    member:  genus_Cystophora__Cystophora  hooded seals
                       member:  hooded_seal__bladdernose__Cystophora_cristata  medium-sized blackish-gray seal with large inflatable sac on the head; of Arctic and north Atlantic waters
                 member:  family_Odobenidae__Odobenidae  walruses and extinct forms
                    member:  genus_Odobenus__Odobenus  type genus of the Odobenidae: walruses
                       member:  walrus__seahorse__sea_horse__seahorse  either of two large northern marine mammals having ivory tusks and tough hide over thick blubber
              member:  family_Canidae__Canidae  dogs; wolves; jackals; foxes
                 member:  canine__canid  any of various fissiped mammals with nonretractile claws and typically long muzzles
                 member:  genus_Canis__Canis  type genus of the Canidae: domestic and wild dogs; wolves; jackals
                    member:  dog__domesticdog__Canis_familiaris  a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds; "the dog barked all night"
                    member:  wolf  any of various predatory carnivorous canine mammals of North America and Eurasia that usually hunt in packs
                    member:  jackal__Canis_aureus  Old World nocturnal canine mammal closely related to the dog; smaller than a wolf; sometimes hunts in a pack but usually singly or as a member of a pair
                 member:  wild_dog  any of various undomesticated mammals of the family Canidae that are thought to resemble domestic dogs as distinguished from jackals or wolves
                 member:  genus_Cuon__Cuon__Cyon__genus_Cyon  Asiatic wild dog
                    member:  dhole__Cuon_alpinus  fierce wild dog of the forests of central and southeast Asia that hunts in packs
                 member:  genus_Dusicyon__Dusicyon  crab-eating dog
                 member:  genus_Nyctereutes__Nyctereutes  raccoon dogs
                    member:  raccoon_dog__raccoondog__Nyctereutes_procyonides  small wild dog of eastern Asia having facial markings like those of a raccoon
                 member:  genus_Lycaeon__Lycaeon  African hunting dog
                 member:  genus_Vulpes__Vulpes  foxes
                    member:  Vulpes_vulpes__red_fox  the common Old World fox; having reddish-brown fur; commonly considered a single circumpolar species
                    member:  Vulpes_fulva__red_fox  New World fox; often considered the same species las the Old World fox
                    member:  prairie_fox__prairiefox__kit_fox__kitfox__Vulpes_velox  small gray fox of the plains of western North America
                    member:  kit_fox__kitfox__Vulpes_macrotis  small gray fox of southwestern United States; may be a subspecies of Vulpes velox
                 member:  genus_Alopex__Alopex  arctic foxes
                    member:  arctic_fox__white_fox__whitefox__Alopex_lagopus  thickly-furred fox of Arctic regions; brownish in summer and white in winter
                 member:  genus_Urocyon__Urocyon  gray foxes
                    member:  gray_fox__grey_fox__Urocyon_cinereoargenteus  dark gray American fox; from Central America through southern United States
              member:  family_Hyaenidae__Hyaenidae  hyenas
                 member:  hyena__hyaena  doglike nocturnal mammal of Africa and southern Asia that feeds chiefly on carrion
                 member:  genus_Hyaena  type genus of the Hyaenidae
                    member:  striped_hyena__stripedhyena__Hyaena_hyaena  of northern Africa and Arabia and India
                    member:  brown_hyena__brownhyena__strand_wolf__Hyaena_brunnea  of southern Africa
                 member:  genus_Crocuta__Crocuta  a genus of Hyaenidae
                    member:  spotted_hyena__spottedhyena__laughing_hyena__Crocuta_crocuta  African hyena noted for its distinctive howl
                 member:  genus_Proteles__Proteles  aardwolf
                    member:  aardwolf__Proteles_cristata  striped hyena of southeast Africa that feeds chiefly on insects
              member:  family_Felidae__Felidae  cats; wildcats; lions; leopards; cheetahs; saber-toothed tigers
                 member:  feline__felid  any of various lithe-bodied round-headed fissiped mammals many with retractile claws
                 member:  genus_Felis__Felis  type genus of the Felidae: true cats and most wildcats
                    member:  domestic_cat__cat__house_cat__housecat__Felis_domesticus__Felis_catus  any domesticated member of the genus Felis
                    member:  wildcat  any small or medium-sized cat resembling the domestic cat and living in the wild
                    member:  European_wildcat__catamountain__Felis_silvestris  bushy-tailed European wildcat resembling the domestic tabby and regarded as the ancestor of the domestic cat
                    member:  cougar__puma__catamount__mountain_lion__painter__panther__Felis_concolor  large American feline resembling a lion
                    member:  ocelot__panther_cat__panthercat__Felis_pardalis  nocturnal wildcat of Central and South America having a dark-spotted buff-brown coat
                    member:  jaguarundi_cat__jaguarundi__jaguarondi__eyra__Felis_yagouaroundi  long-bodied long-tailed tropical American wildcat
                    member:  kaffir_cat__caffer_cat__Felis_ocreata  widely distributed wildcat of Africa and Asia Minor
                    member:  jungle_cat__Felis_chaus  small Asiatic wildcat
                    member:  Felis_serval__serval  slender long-legged African wildcat having large untufted ears and tawny black-spotted coat
                    member:  leopard_cat__leopardcat__Felis_bengalensis  small spotted wildcat of southern Asia and Malaysia
                    member:  Felis_tigrina__tiger_cat__tigercat  medium-sized wildcat of Central and South America having a dark-striped coat
                    member:  margay_cat__margay__Felis_wiedi  small spotted wildcat found from Texas to Brazil
                    member:  Felis_manul__manul__Pallas's_cat  small wildcat of the mountains of Siberia Tibet and Mongolia
                 member:  genus_Lynx  lynxes
                    member:  lynx__catamount  short-tailed wildcats with usually tufted ears; valued for their fur
                 member:  big_cat__bigcat__cat  any of several large cats typically able to roar and living in the wild
                 member:  genus_Panthera__Panthera  lions; leopards; snow leopards; jaguars; tigers; cheetahs; saber-toothed tigers
                    member:  leopard__Panthera_pardus  large feline of African and Asian forests usually having a tawny coat with black spots
                    member:  snow_leopard__ounce__pantherauncia  large feline of upland central Asia having long thick whitish fur
                    member:  jaguar__panther__Panthera_onca__Felis_onca  a large spotted feline of tropical America similar to the leopard; in some classifications considered a member of the genus Felis
                    member:  lion__king_of_beasts__Panthera_leo  large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male
                    member:  Panthera_tigris__tiger  large feline of forests in most of Asia having a tawny coat with black stripes; endangered
                 member:  genus_Acinonyx__Acinonyx  cheetahs
                    member:  cheetah__chetah__Acinonyx_jubatus  long-legged spotted cat of Africa and southwestern Asia having nonretractile claws; the swiftest mammal; can be trained to run down game
                 member:  genus_Smiledon__Smiledon  saber-toothed tigers
                    member:  Smiledon_californicus  North American sabertooth; culmination of sabertooth development
                 member:  genus_Nimravus__Nimravus  false sabertoothed tigers
                    member:  false_saber-toothed_tiger__falsesabertoothedtiger  North American cat of the Miocene and Pliocene; much earlier and less specialized than members of the genus Smiledon
              member:  family_Ursidae__Ursidae  bears and extinct related forms
                 member:  bear  massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws
                 member:  genus_Ursus__Ursus  type genus of Ursidae: brown bears; in some classifications genus Ursus includes all bears
                    member:  brown_bear__brownbear__bruin__Ursus_arctos  large ferocious bear of Eurasia
                 member:  genus_Euarctos__Euarctos  American black bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus
                    member:  American_black_bear__black_bear__blackbear__Ursus_americanus__Euarctos_americanus  brown to black North American bear; smaller and less ferocious than the brown bear
                 member:  genus_Selenarctos__Selenarctos  Asiatic black bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus
                    member:  Asiatic_black_bear__black_bear__blackbear__Ursus_thibetanus__Selenarctos_thibetanus  black bear of central and eastern Asia
                 member:  genus_Thalarctos__Thalarctos  polar bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus
                    member:  ice_bear__icebear__polar_bear__polarbear__Ursus_Maritimus__Thalarctos_maritimus  white bear of arctic regions
                 member:  genus_Melursus__Melursus  sloth bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursus
                    member:  sloth_bear__slothbear__Melursus_ursinus__Ursus_ursinus  common coarse-haired long-snouted bear of south-central Asia
              member:  family_Viverridae__Viverridae__Viverrinae__family_Viverrinae  genets; civets; mongooses
                 member:  viverrine_mammal__viverrinemammal__viverrine  small catlike predatory mammals of warmer parts of the Old World
                 member:  civet__civet_cat__civetcat  catlike mammal typically secreting musk used in perfumes
                 member:  genus_Viverra__Viverra  type genus of the family Viverridae
                 member:  genus_Viverricula__Viverricula  a genus of Viverridae
                 member:  genus_Arctictis__Arctictis  binturongs
                    member:  binturong__bearcat__Arctictis_bintourong  arboreal civet of Asia having a long prehensile tail and shaggy black hair
                 member:  genus_Cryptoprocta__Cryptoprocta  large primitive catlike carnivores inhabiting forests of Madagascar
                 member:  genus_Fossa__Fossa  monotypic genus of Madagascar civets closely related to palm civets
                    member:  fanaloka__Fossa_fossa  civet of Madagascar
                 member:  genus_Genetta__Genetta  genets
                    member:  genet__Genetta_genetta  agile Old World viverrine having a spotted coat and long ringed tail
                 member:  genus_Hemigalus__Hemigalus  banded palm civets
                    member:  banded_palm_civet__Hemigalus_hardwickii  E Indian civet
                 member:  genus_Herpestes__Herpestes  mongooses
                    member:  mongoose  agile grizzled Old World viverrine; preys on snakes and rodents
                 member:  genus_Paradoxurus__Paradoxurus  palm civets
                    member:  palm_cat__palm_civet  spotted or striped arboreal civet of southeast Asia and East Indies
                 member:  genus_Suricata__Suricata  meerkats
                    member:  meerkat__mierkat  South African mongoose-like viverrine having a face like a lemur and only four toes
              member:  family_Mustelidae__Mustelidae  weasels; polecats; ferrets; minks; fishers; otters; badgers; skunks; wolverines; martens
                 member:  musteline_mammal__mustelinemammal__musteline  fissiped fur-bearing carnivorous mammals
                 member:  genus_Mustela__Mustela  type genus of the family Mustelidae: minks and weasels
                    member:  weasel  small carnivorous mammal with short legs and elongated body and neck
                    member:  mink  slender-bodied semiaquatic mammal having partially webbed feet; valued for its fur
                    member:  fitch__polecat__foulmart__foumart__Mustela_putorius  dark brown mustelid of woodlands of Eurasia that gives off an unpleasant odor when threatened
                    member:  black-footed_ferret__ferret__Mustela_nigripes  ferret of prairie regions of United States; nearly extinct
                 member:  genus_Poecilogale__Poecilogale  muishonds
                    member:  muishond  southern African weasel
                 member:  genus_Ictonyx__Ictonyx  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  striped_muishond__stripedmuishond__Ictonyx_striata__ictonyxstriata  ferret-sized muishond often tamed
                    member:  zoril__Ictonyx_frenata  north African muishond
                 member:  subfamily_Lutrinae__Lutrinae  subdivision not used in some classifications: otters
                 member:  genus_Lutra__Lutra  in some classifications considered a genus of the subfamily Lutrinae
                    member:  otter  freshwater carnivorous mammal having webbed and clawed feet and dark brown fur
                 member:  genus_Enhydra__Enhydra  sea otters
                    member:  sea_otter__seaotter__Enhydra_lutris  large marine otter of northern Pacific coasts having very thick dark brown fur
                 member:  subfamily_Mephitinae__Mephitinae  subdivision not used in some classifications: skunks
                 member:  genus_Mephitis__Mephitis  in some classifications: type genus of the subfamily Mephitinae
                    member:  striped_skunk__stripedskunk__Mephitis_mephitis  most common and widespread North American skunk
                    member:  hooded_skunk__Mephitis_macroura  of Mexico and southernmost parts of southwestern United States
                 member:  genus_Conepatus__Conepatus  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  hog-nosed_skunk__hognosedskunk__hognosed_skunk__badger_skunk__rooter_skunk__Conepatus_leuconotus  large naked-muzzled skunk with white back and tail; of southwestern North America and Mexico
                 member:  genus_Spilogale__Spilogale  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  little_spotted_skunk__spotted_skunk__spottedskunk__Spilogale_putorius  small skunk with a marbled black and white coat; of United States and Mexico
                 member:  subfamily_Melinae__Melinae  subdivision not used in some classifications: badgers
                 member:  genus_Taxidea__Taxidea  in some classifications considered a genus of subfamily Melinae
                    member:  American_badger__Taxidea_taxus  a variety of badger native to America
                 member:  genus_Meles__Meles  in some classifications: type genus of the subfamily Melinae
                    member:  Eurasian_badger__Meles_meles  a variety of badger native to Europe and Asia
                 member:  genus_Mellivora__Mellivora  ratels
                    member:  ratel__honey_badger__honeybadger__Mellivora_capensis  nocturnal badger-like carnivore of wooded regions of Africa and southern Asia
                 member:  genus_Melogale__Melogale  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  ferret_badger  small ferret-like badger of southeast Asia
                 member:  genus_Arctonyx__Arctonyx  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  hog_badger__hogbadger__hog-nosed_badger__hognosedbadger__sand_badger__Arctonyx_collaris  SE Asian badger with a snout like a pig
                 member:  genus_Gulo__Gulo  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  carcajou__wolverine__skunk_bear__skunkbear__Gulo_luscus  stocky shaggy-coated North American carnivorous mammal
                 member:  genus_Grison  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  grison__Grison_vittatus__Galictis_vittatus  carnivore of Central and South America resembling a weasel with a grayish-white back and dark underparts
                 member:  genus_Galictis  alternative name for the genus Grison
                 member:  genus_Martes__Martes  martens
                    member:  marten_cat__marten  agile slender-bodied arboreal mustelids somewhat larger than weasels
                 member:  genus_Charronia__Charronia  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  yellow-throated_marten__Charronia_flavigula  large yellow and black marten of S China and Burma
                 member:  genus_Eira__Eira  a genus of Mustelidae
                    member:  tayra__taira__Eira_barbara  long-tailed arboreal mustelid of Central and South America
              member:  family_Procyonidae__Procyonidae  raccoons; coatis; cacomistles; kinkajous; and sometimes pandas
                 member:  procyonid  plantigrade carnivorous mammals
                 member:  genus_Procyon__Procyon  type genus of the family Procyonidae: raccoons
                    member:  raccoon__racoon  omnivorous nocturnal mammal native to North and Central America
                 member:  subfamily_Bassariscidae__Bassariscidae  in some classifications considered a separate family
                 member:  genus_Bassariscus__Bassariscus  cacomistles
                    member:  bassarisk__cacomistle__cacomixle__coon_cat__raccoon_fox__raccoonfox__ringtail__ring-tailed_cat__civet_cat__civetcat__miner's_cat__Bassariscus_astutus  raccoon-like omnivorous mammal of Mexico and the southwestern United States having a long bushy tail with black and white rings
                 member:  genus_Potos__Potos  a genus of Procyonidae
                    member:  kinkajou__honey_bear__honeybear__potto__Potos_flavus__Potos_caudivolvulus  arboreal fruit-eating mammal of tropical America with a long prehensile tail
                 member:  genus_Nasua__Nasua  coatis
                    member:  coati-mondi__coatimondi__coati__coati-mundi__coatimundi__coon_cat__Nasua_narica  omnivorous mammal of Central and South America
                 member:  genus_Ailurus__Ailurus  lesser pandas
                    member:  lesser_panda__red_panda__redpanda__panda__bear_cat__cat_bear__catbear__ailurusfulgen  reddish-brown Old World raccoon-like carnivore; in some classifications considered unrelated to the giant pandas
                 member:  genus_Ailuropoda__Ailuropoda  only the giant panda: in some classifications considered a genus of the separate family Ailuropodidae
                    member:  giant_panda__giantpanda__panda__panda_bear__pandabear__coon_bear__Ailuropoda_melanoleuca  large black-and-white herbivorous mammal of bamboo forests of China and Tibet; in some classifications considered a member of the bear family or of a separate family Ailuropodidae
           member:  Fissipedia  in some classifications considered a suborder of Carnivora
           member:  order_Tubulidentata__Tubulidentata  an order of Eutheria
              member:  family_Orycteropodidae__Orycteropodidae  aardvarks
                 member:  genus_Orycteropus__Orycteropus  coextensive with the family Orycteropodidae
                    member:  aardvark__ant_bear__antbear__Orycteropus_afer  nocturnal burrowing mammal of the grasslands of Africa that feeds on termites; sole extant representative of the order Tubulidentata
           member:  order_Chiroptera__Chiroptera  an old order dating to early Eocene: bats: suborder Megachiroptera (fruit bats); suborder Microchiroptera (insectivorous bats)
              member:  chiropteran  nocturnal mouselike mammal with forelimbs modified to form membranous wings and anatomical adaptations for echolocation by which they navigate
              member:  suborder_Megachiroptera__Megachiroptera  fruit bats
                 member:  fruit_bat__fruitbat__megabat  large Old World bat of warm and tropical regions that feeds on fruit
                 member:  genus_Pteropus__Pteropus  a genus of Megachiroptera
                    member:  flying_fox  large bat with a head that resembles the head of a fox
                 member:  genus_Nyctimene__Nyctimene  East Indian fruit bats
                    member:  harpy_bat__harpybat__harpy__tube-nosed_bat__tube-nosed_fruit_bat  any of various fruit bats of the genus Nyctimene distinguished by nostrils drawn out into diverging tubes
                 member:  genus_Cynopterus__Cynopterus  a genus of Megachiroptera
                    member:  Cynopterus_sphinx  a variety of fruit eating bat
              member:  suborder_Microchiroptera__Microchiroptera  most of the bats in the world; all bats except fruit bats insectivorous bats
                 member:  carnivorous_bat__carnivorousbat__microbat  typically having large ears and feeding primarily on insects; worldwide in distribution
                 member:  family_Phyllostomidae__Phyllostomidae__Phyllostomatidae__family_Phyllostomatidae  New World leaf-nosed bats
                    member:  genus_Macrotus  leafnose bats
                       member:  macrotus__Macrotus_californicus  large-eared grayish bat of southern California and northwestern Mexico
                    member:  genus_Phyllostomus__Phyllostomus  type genus of the family Phyllostomatidae
                       member:  spearnose_bat__spearnosebat  New World bat with a pointed nose leaf; found from southern United States to Paraguay
                    member:  genus_Choeronycteris__Choeronycteris  a genus of Phyllostomatidae
                       member:  hognose_bat__hognosebat__Choeronycteris_mexicana  small-eared Mexican bat with a long slender nose
                 member:  family_Rhinolophidae__Rhinolophidae  Old World leaf-nosed bats
                    member:  horseshoe_bat__horseshoebat  bat having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose
                 member:  family_Hipposideridae__Hipposideridae  Old World leafnose bats
                    member:  genus_Hipposideros__Hipposideros  horseshoe bats
                       member:  horseshoe_bat.leafnose_bat__horseshoebat  any of numerous bats of northwest Africa or Philippines or Australia having a horseshoe-shaped leaf on the nose
                    member:  genus_Rhinonicteris__Rhinonicteris  orange horseshoe bats
                       member:  orange_bat__orange_horseshoe_bat__Rhinonicteris_aurantius  a common bat of northwestern Australia having orange or yellow fur
                 member:  family_Megadermatidae__Megadermatidae  Old World false vampire bats
                    member:  genus_Megaderma__Megaderma  type genus of the Megadermatidae
                       member:  big-eared_bat__Megaderma_lyra  large carnivorous Old World bat with very large ears
                 member:  family_Vespertilionidae__Vespertilionidae  the majority of common bats of temperate regions of the world
                    member:  vespertilian_bat__vespertilionid  a variety of carnivorous bat
                    member:  genus_Vespertilio__Vespertilio  a genus of Vespertilionidae
                       member:  frosted_bat__frostedbat__Vespertilio_murinus  common Eurasian bat with white-tipped hairs in its coat
                    member:  genus_Lasiurus__Lasiurus  a genus of Vespertilionidae
                       member:  red_bat__redbat__Lasiurus_borealis  North American brick or rusty red bat with hairs tipped with white
                    member:  genus_Myotis__Myotis  largest and most widely distributed genus of bats
                       member:  little_brown_bat__little_brown_myotis__Myotis_leucifugus  the small common North American bat; widely distributed
                       member:  cave_myotis__Myotis_velifer  small bat of southwest United States that lives in caves etc.
                    member:  genus_Eptesicus__Eptesicus  a genus of Vespertilionidae
                       member:  big_brown_bat__bigbrownbat__Eptesicus_fuscus  rather large North American brown bat; widely distributed
                    member:  genus_Antrozous__Antrozous  a genus of Vespertilionidae
                       member:  pallid_bat__cave_bat__Antrozous_pallidus  drab yellowish big-eared cave-dwelling bat
                    member:  genus_Pipistrellus__Pipistrellus  nearly cosmopolitan genus of very small bats
                       member:  pipistrelle__pipistrel__Pipistrellus_pipistrellus  small European brown bat
                       member:  eastern_pipistrel__easternpipistrel__Pipistrellus_subflavus  one of the smallest bats of eastern North America
                       member:  western_pipistrel__westernpipistrel__SPipistrellus_hesperus  of western North America
                    member:  genus_Euderma__Euderma  a genus of Vespertilionidae
                       member:  jackass_bat__jackassbat__spotted_bat__spottedbat__Euderma_maculata  large spotted bat of southwestern United States having enormous ears
                    member:  genus_Plecotus__Plecotus  a genus of Vespertilionidae
                       member:  long-eared_bat  any of various Old or New World bats having very long ears
                 member:  family_Molossidae__Molossidae  mastiff bats; freetail bats
                    member:  genus_Tadarida__Tadarida  freetail bats
                       member:  freetail__freetailed_bat  small swift bat with leathery ears and a long tail; common in warm regions
                    member:  genus_Eumops__Eumops  mastiff bats
                       member:  mastiff_bat__mastiffbat  a soft-furred chocolate-brown bat with folded ears and small wings; often runs along the ground
                 member:  family_Desmodontidae__Desmodontidae  true vampire bats
                    member:  true_vampire_bat__vampire_bat__vampirebat  any of various tropical American bats of the family Desmodontidae that bite mammals and birds to feed on their blood
                    member:  genus_Desmodus__Desmodus  type genus of the Desmodontidae: vampire bats
                       member:  Desmodus_rotundus  mouse-sized bat of tropical Central and South America having sharp incisor and canine teeth; feeds on the blood of birds and mammals
                    member:  genus_Diphylla__Diphylla  vampire bats
                       member:  hairy-legged_vampire_bat__Diphylla_ecaudata  similar in size and habits to Desmodus rotundus; of tropical America including southern California and Texas
           member:  order_Lagomorpha__Lagomorpha  rabbits; hares; pikas; formerly considered the suborder Duplicidentata of the order Rodentia
              member:  Duplicidentata  in former classifications considered a suborder of Rodentia coextensive with the order Lagomorpha: gnawing animals
              member:  lagomorph__gnawing_mammal__gnawingmammal  relative large gnawing animals; distinguished from rodents by having two pairs of upper incisors specialized for gnawing
              member:  family_Leporidae__Leporidae  hares and rabbits
                 member:  leporid_mammal__leporidmammal__leporid  rabbits and hares
                 member:  genus_Oryctolagus__Oryctolagus  Old World rabbits
                    member:  European_rabbit__Old_World_rabbit__Oryctolagus_cuniculus  common grayish-brown burrowing animal native to S Europe and North Africa but introduced elsewhere; widely domesticated and developed in various colors and for various needs; young born naked and helpless
                 member:  genus_Sylvilagus__Sylvilagus  North American rabbits
                    member:  wood_rabbit__cottontail__cottontail_rabbit  common small rabbit of North America having grayish or brownish fur and a tail with a white underside; a host for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)
                    member:  swamp_rabbit__swamprabbit__swamp_hare__swamphare__Sylvilagus_aquaticus  of southeastern United States swamps and lowlands
                 member:  genus_Lepus__Lepus  type genus of the Leporidae: hares
                    member:  hare  swift timid long-eared mammal larger than a rabbit having a divided upper lip and long hind legs; young born furred and with open eyes
                    member:  European_hare__Lepus_europaeus  large hare introduced in North America; does not turn white in winter
                    member:  jackrabbit  large hare of western North America
                    member:  polar_hare__polarhare__Arctic_hare__Lepus_arcticus  large hare of Arctic America almost completely white in winter
              member:  family_Ochotonidae__Ochotonidae  pikas and extinct forms
                 member:  pika__mouse_hare__mousehare__rock_rabbit__coney__cony  small short-eared burrowing mammal of rocky uplands of Asia and western North America
                 member:  genus_Ochotona__Ochotona  type genus of the Ochotonidae
                    member:  little_chief_hare__Ochotona_princeps  North American pika
                    member:  collared_pika__Ochotona_collaris  similar to little chief hare and may be same species
           member:  order_Rodentia__Rodentia  small gnawing animals: porcupines; rats; mice; squirrels; marmots; beavers; gophers; voles; hamsters; guinea pigs; agoutis
              member:  rodent__gnawer__gnawing_animal__gnawinganimal  relatively small gnawing animals having a single pair of constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing
              member:  suborder_Myomorpha__Myomorpha  true rats and mice and related rodents
                 member:  superfamily_Muroidea__Muroidea  essential equal to suborder Myomorpha with the Dipodidae excluded
                    member:  family_Muridae__Muridae  originally Old World rats now distributed worldwide; distinguished from the Cricetidae by typically lacking cheek pouches
                       member:  genus_Mus__Mus  type genus of the Muridae: common house mice; upper incisors have a square-notched tip
                          member:  house_mouse__housemouse__Mus_musculus  brownish-gray Old World mouse now a common household pest worldwide
                       member:  genus_Micromyx__Micromyx  Old World harvest mice
                          member:  harvest_mouse__harvestmouse__Micromyx_minutus  small reddish-brown Eurasian mouse inhabiting e.g. cornfields
                       member:  genus_Apodemus__Apodemus  Old World field mice
                          member:  field_mouse__fieldmouse  any nocturnal Old World mouse of the genus Apodemus inhabiting woods and fields and gardens
                          member:  European_wood_mouse__Apodemus_sylvaticus  nocturnal yellowish-brown mouse inhabiting woods and fields and gardens
                       member:  genus_Rattus__Rattus  common house rats; upper incisors have a beveled edge
                          member:  brown_rat__brownrat__Norway_rat__Rattus_norvegicus  common domestic rat; serious pest worldwide
                          member:  black_rat__blackrat__roof_rat__Rattus_rattus  common household pest originally from Asia that has spread worldwide
                       member:  genus_Nesokia__Nesokia  bandicoot rats
                          member:  bandicoot_rat__bandicootrat__mole_rat  burrowing scaly-tailed rat of India and Ceylon
                       member:  genus_Conilurus__Conilurus  jerboa rats
                          member:  jerboa_rat  large Australian rat with hind legs adapted for leaping
                       member:  genus_Notomys__Notomys  jerboa rats
                          member:  kangaroo_mouse  leaping rodent of Australian desert areas
                       member:  subfamily_Hydromyinae__Hydromyinae  water rats of Australia and New Guinea
                          member:  genus_Hydromys__Hydromys  water rats
                             member:  beaver_rat  amphibious rat of Australia and New Guinea
                 member:  family_Cricetidae__Cricetidae  mostly small New World rodents including New World mice and lemmings and voles and hamsters
                    member:  New_World_mouse  a variety of rodent
                    member:  genus_Reithrodontomys__Reithrodontomys  New World harvest mice
                       member:  American_harvest_mouse__harvest_mouse__harvestmouse  any of several small grayish New World mice inhabiting e.g. grain fields
                    member:  genus_Peromyscus__Peromyscus  New World wood mice
                       member:  white-footed_mouse__vesper_mouse__Peromyscus_leucopus  American woodland mouse with white feet and underparts
                       member:  deer_mouse__Peromyscus_maniculatus  brownish New World mouse; most widely distributed member of the genus
                       member:  cactus_mouse__Peromyscus_eremicus  burrowing mouse of desert areas of southwestern United States
                       member:  cotton_mouse__Peromyscus_gossypinus  large dark mouse of southeastern United States
                    member:  genus_Baiomys__Baiomys  pygmy mice
                       member:  pygmy_mouse__pygmymouse__Baiomys_taylori  very small dark grayish brown mouse resembling a house mouse; of Texas and Mexico
                    member:  genus_Onychomys__Onychomys  grasshopper mice
                       member:  grasshopper_mouse__grasshoppermouse  insectivorous mouse of western North America
                    member:  genus_Ondatra__Ondatra  muskrats
                       member:  muskrat__Ondatra_zibethica  beaver-like aquatic rodent of North America with dark glossy brown fur
                    member:  genus_Neofiber__Neofiber  round-tailed muskrat
                       member:  round-tailed_muskrat__Florida_water_rat__Neofiber_alleni  of Florida wetlands
                    member:  genus_Sigmodon__Sigmodon  American cotton rats
                       member:  cotton_rat__Sigmodon_hispidus  destructive long-haired burrowing rat of southern North America and Central America
                    member:  wood_rat  any of various small short-tailed rodents of the northern hemisphere having soft fur gray above and white below with well-furred tails and large ears; some are hosts for Ixodes pacificus and Ixodes scapularis (Lyme disease ticks)
                    member:  genus_Neotoma__Neotoma  packrats
                       member:  packrat__traderat__bushytail_woodrat__bushytailwoodrat__Neotoma_cinerea  any of several bushy-tailed rodents of the genus Neotoma of western North America; hoards food and other objects
                       member:  dusky-footed_woodrat__Neotoma_fuscipes  host to Lyme disease tick (Ixodes pacificus) in northern California
                       member:  eastern_woodrat__easternwoodrat__Neotoma_floridana  large grayish-brown woodrat of the southeastern United States
                    member:  genus_Oryzomys__Oryzomys  rice rats
                       member:  rice_rat__Oryzomys_palustris  hardy agile rat of grassy marshes of Mexico and the southeastern United States
                    member:  genus_Pitymys__Pitymys  pine mice
                       member:  pine_vole__pine_mouse__Pitymys_pinetorum  short-tailed glossy-furred burrowing vole of the eastern United States
                    member:  genus_Microtus__Microtus  voles of the northern hemisphere
                       member:  meadow_vole__meadow_mouse__Microtus_pennsylvaticus  widely distributed in grasslands of northern United States and Canada
                       member:  Richardson_vole__water_vole__watervole__Microtus_richardsoni  of western North America
                       member:  prairie_vole__prairievole__Microtus_ochrogaster  typical vole of the extended prairie region of central United States and southern Canada
                    member:  genus_Arvicola__Arvicola  in some classifications considered synonymous with Microtus
                       member:  water_vole__watervole__water_rat__waterrat__Arvicola_amphibius  common large Eurasian vole
                    member:  genus_Clethrionomys__Clethrionomys  a genus of Cricetidae
                       member:  red-backed_mouse__redback_vole__redbackvole  any of several voles of mountainous regions of Eurasia and America
                    member:  genus_Phenacomys  North American boles
                       member:  phenacomys  any of several vole-like terrestrial or arboreal rodents of cold forested regions of Canada and western United States
                    member:  genus_Cricetus__Cricetus  type genus of the Cricetidae: Old World hamsters
                       member:  hamster  short-tailed Old World burrowing rodent with large cheek pouches
                    member:  genus_Mesocricetus__Mesocricetus  golden hamsters
                       member:  golden_hamster__Syrian_hamster__Mesocricetus_auratus  small light-colored hamster often kept as a pet
                    member:  subfamily_Gerbillinae__Gerbillinae  gerbils
                       member:  genus_Gerbillus__Gerbillus  type genus of the Gerbillinae: typical gerbils
                       member:  gerbil__gerbille  small Old World burrowing desert rodent with long soft pale fur and hind legs adapted for leaping
                    member:  genus_Meriones__Meriones  a genus of Cricetidae
                       member:  jird  North African gerbils
                       member:  tamarisk_gerbil__Meriones_unguiculatus  popular as a pet
                       member:  Meriones_longifrons__sand_rat  southern European gerbil
                    member:  lemming  any of various short-tailed furry-footed rodents of circumpolar distribution
                    member:  Lemmus__genus_lemmus  lemmings
                       member:  European_lemming__Lemmus_lemmus  notable for mass migrations even into the sea where many drown
                       member:  brown_lemming__brownlemming__Lemmus_trimucronatus  of northwestern Canada and Alaska
                    member:  genus_Myopus__Myopus  a genus of Cricetidae
                       member:  gray_lemming__red-backed_lemming  Old World lemming
                    member:  genus_Dicrostonyx__Dicrostonyx  pied lemmings
                       member:  pied_lemming  North American lemming having a white winter coat and some claws much enlarged
                    member:  genus_Synaptomys__Synaptomys  bog lemmings
                 member:  family_Zapodidae__Zapodidae  jumping mice
                    member:  jumping_mouse__jumpingmouse  any of several primitive mouselike rodents with long hind legs and no cheek pouches; of woodlands of Eurasia and North America
                    member:  genus_Zapus__Zapus  type genus of the Zapodidae
                       member:  meadow_jumping_mouse__Zapus_hudsonius  widely distributed in northeastern and central United States and Canada
                 member:  family_Dipodidae__Dipodidae  Old World jerboas
                    member:  genus_Dipus__Dipus  type genus of the Dipodidae; typical jerboas having three toes on each hind food
                       member:  typical_jerboa__typicaljerboa  small nocturnal jumping rodent with long hind legs; of arid parts of North Africa and Asia
                    member:  jerboa  mouselike jumping rodent
                    member:  genus_Jaculus__Jaculus  jerboas
                       member:  Jaculus_jaculus  a variety of jerboa
                 member:  family_Gliridae__Gliridae  dormice and other Old World forms
                    member:  dormouse  small furry-tailed squirrel-like Old World rodent that becomes torpid in cold weather
                    member:  genus_Glis__Glis  type genus of the Gliridae
                       member:  loir__Glis_glis  large European dormouse
                    member:  genus_Muscardinus__Muscardinus  a genus of Gliridae
                       member:  hazel_mouse__hazelmouse__Muscardinus_avellanarius  a variety of dormouse
                    member:  genus_Eliomys__Eliomys  lerots
                       member:  lerot  dormouse of southern Europe and northern Africa
                 member:  family_Spalacidae__Spalacidae  mole rats
                    member:  genus_Spalax__Spalax  type genus of the Spalacidae
                       member:  mole_rat  furry short-limbed tailless rodent resembling a true mole in habits and appearance; of eastern Europe and Middle East
              member:  suborder_Hystricomorpha__Hystricomorpha  an order of rodents including: porcupines; guinea pigs; chinchillas; etc.
                 member:  family_Hystricidae__Hystricidae  Old World porcupines
                    member:  Old_World_porcupine  terrestrial porcupine
                    member:  genus_Atherurus__Atherurus  a genus of Hystricidae
                       member:  brush-tailed_porcupine__brush-tail_porcupine  porcupine with a tuft of large beaded bristles on the tail
                    member:  genus_Trichys__Trichys  a genus of Hystricidae
                       member:  long-tailed_porcupine__Trichys_lipura  porcupine of Borneo and Sumatra having short spines and a long tail
                 member:  family_Erethizontidae__Erethizontidae  New World arboreal porcupines
                    member:  New_World_porcupine  arboreal porcupine
                    member:  genus_Erethizon__Erethizon  a genus of Erethizontidae
                       member:  Canada_porcupine__Erethizon_dorsatum  porcupine of northeastern North America with barbed spines concealed in the coarse fur; often gnaws buildings for salt and grease
                 member:  family_Caviidae__Caviidae  a family of Hystricomorpha
                    member:  genus_Cavia__Cavia  type genus of the Caviidae: guinea pigs
                       member:  cavy  short-tailed rough-haired South American rodent
                    member:  genus_Dolichotis__Dolichotis  maras
                       member:  mara__Dolichotis_patagonum  hare-like rodent of the pampas of Argentina
                 member:  family_Dasyproctidae__Dasyproctidae  agoutis and pacas
                    member:  genus_Dasyprocta__Dasyprocta  type genus of the Dasyproctidae: agoutis
                       member:  agouti__Dasyprocta_aguti  agile long-legged rabbit-sized rodent of Central and South America and West Indies; valued as food
                    member:  genus_Cuniculus__Cuniculus  pacas
                    member:  genus_Stictomys__Stictomys  mountain pacas
                       member:  mountain_paca  rodent of mountains of western South America
                 member:  family_Capromyidae__Capromyidae  coypus
                    member:  genus_Myocastor__Myocastor  a genus of Capromyidae
                       member:  Myocastor_coypus__coypu__nutria  aquatic South American rodent resembling a small beaver; bred for its fur
                 member:  family_Chinchillidae__Chinchillidae  small bushy-tailed South American burrowing rodents
                    member:  genus_Chinchilla  type genus of the Chinchillidae
                       member:  Chinchilla_laniger__chinchilla  small rodent with soft pearly gray fur; native to the Andes but bred in captivity for fur
                    member:  genus_Lagidium__Lagidium  a genus of Chinchillidae
                       member:  mountain_chinchilla__mountain_viscacha  a rodent native to the mountains of Chile and Peru and now bred in captivity
                    member:  genus_Lagostomus__Lagostomus  viscachas
                       member:  viscacha__chinchillon__Lagostomus_maximus  gregarious burrowing rodent larger than the chinchillas
                    member:  genus_Abrocoma__Abrocoma  abrocomes
                       member:  abrocome__chinchilla_rat__rat_chinchilla__ratchinchilla  ratlike rodent with soft fur and large ears of the Andes
                 member:  family_Bathyergidae__Bathyergidae  mole rats; sand rats
                    member:  genus_Bathyergus__Bathyergus  mole rats
                       member:  mole_rat.rodent__molerat  African rodent resembling a mole in habits and appearance
                    member:  genus_Heterocephalus__Heterocephalus  sand rats
                       member:  sand_rat  small nearly naked African mole rat of desert areas
              member:  suborder_Sciuromorpha__Sciuromorpha  large more or less primitive rodents: squirrels; marmots; gophers; beavers; etc.
                 member:  family_Heteromyidae__Heteromyidae  small New World burrowing mouselike rodents with fur-lined cheek pouches and hind limbs and tail adapted to leaping; adapted to desert conditions: pocket mice; kangaroo mice; kangaroo rats
                    member:  pocket_mouse  any of various small nocturnal burrowing desert rodents with cheek pouches and long hind legs and tail
                    member:  genus_Perognathus__Perognathus  pocket mice
                       member:  silky_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_flavus  small pale yellowish soft-furred rodent of southwestern United States and Mexico
                       member:  plains_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_flavescens  small rodent of open areas of United States plains states
                       member:  hispid_pocket_mouse__Perognathus_hispidus  large stiff-haired rodent of shortgrass prairies of United States
                    member:  genus_Liomys__Liomys  pocket mice
                       member:  Mexican_pocket_mouse__Liomys_irroratus  large pocket mouse of Mexico
                    member:  genus_Dipodomys__Dipodomys  kangaroo rats
                       member:  kangaroo_rat__desert_rat__Dipodomys_phillipsii  any of various leaping rodents of desert regions of North America and Mexico; largest members of the family Heteromyidae
                    member:  genus_Microdipodops__Microdipodops  kangaroo mice
                       member:  dwarf_pocket_rat__kangaroo_mouse  small silky-haired pouched rodent; similar to but smaller than kangaroo rats
                 member:  family_Geomyidae__Geomyidae  North American pocket gophers
                    member:  genus_Geomys__Geomys  type genus of the Geomyidae
                       member:  plains_pocket_gopher__Geomys_bursarius  gopher of chiefly grasslands of central North America
                       member:  southeastern_pocket_gopher__Geomys_pinetis  gopher of Alabama Georgia and Florida
                    member:  pocket_gopher__gopher__pouched_rat__pouchedrat  burrowing rodent of the family Geomyidae having large external cheek pouches; of Central America and southwestern North America
                    member:  genus_Thomomys__Thomomys  western pocket gophers
                       member:  valley_pocket_gopher__Thomomys_bottae  of valleys and mountain meadows of western United States
                       member:  northern_pocket_gopher__Thomomys_talpoides  grayish to brown gopher of western and central United States
                 member:  family_Sciuridae__Sciuridae  true squirrels; ground squirrels; marmots; chipmunks; flying squirrels; spermophiles
                    member:  squirrel  a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail
                    member:  genus_Sciurus__Sciurus  type genus of the Sciuridae; typical moderate-sized arboreal squirrels
                       member:  tree_squirrel  any typical arboreal squirrel
                       member:  eastern_gray_squirrel__cat_squirrel__catsquirrel__Sciurus_carolinensis  common medium-large squirrel of eastern North America; now introduced into England
                       member:  western_gray_squirrel__Sciurus_griseus  large gray squirrel of far western areas of United States
                       member:  eastern_fox_squirrel__easternfoxsquirrel__fox_squirrel__foxsquirrel__Sciurus_niger  exceptionally large arboreal squirrel of eastern United States
                       member:  black_squirrel__blacksquirrel  fox squirrel or gray squirrel in the black color phase
                       member:  red_squirrel__redsquirrel__cat_squirrel__catsquirrel__Sciurus_vulgaris  common reddish-brown squirrel of Europe and parts of Asia
                    member:  genus_Tamiasciurus__Tamiasciurus  American red squirrels
                    member:  genus_Citellus__Citellus__Spermophilus__genus_Spermophilus  typical ground squirrels
                       member:  ground_squirrel__gopher__spermophile  any of various terrestrial burrowing rodents of Old and New Worlds; often destroy crops
                    member:  genus_Cynomys__Cynomys  prairie dogs
                       member:  prairie_dog__prairiedog__prairie_marmot__prairiemarmot  any of several rodents of North American prairies living in large complex burrows having a barking cry
                    member:  genus_Tamias__Tamias  chipmunks of eastern North America
                       member:  eastern_chipmunk__easternchipmunk__hackee__striped_squirrel__stripedsquirrel__ground_squirrel__Tamias_striatus  small striped semiterrestrial eastern American squirrel with cheek pouches
                    member:  genus_Eutamias__Eutamias  chipmunks of western America and Asia
                       member:  chipmunk  chipmunk of western America and Asia
                    member:  genus_Glaucomys__Glaucomys  New World flying squirrels
                       member:  American_flying_squirrel  New World flying squirrels
                    member:  genus_Marmota__Marmota  marmots
                       member:  marmot  stocky coarse-furred burrowing rodent with a short bushy tail found throughout the northern hemisphere; hibernates in winter
                    member:  subfamily_Petauristidae__Petauristidae  Old World flying squirrels
                       member:  Asiatic_flying_squirrel  nocturnal rodent of Asia having furry folds of skin between forelegs and hind legs enabling it to move by gliding leaps
                       member:  genus_Petaurista__Petaurista  very large Asiatic flying squirrels
                          member:  taguan__flying_marmot__flying_cat__Petaurista_petaurista  East Indian flying squirrel
                 member:  family_Castoridae__Castoridae  beavers
                    member:  genus_Castor__Castor  type genus of the Castoridae: beavers
                       member:  beaver  large semiaquatic rodent with webbed hind feet and a broad flat tail; construct complex dams and underwater lodges
                    member:  genus_Castoroides__Castoroides  extinct beavers of the Pleistocene; of eastern and southern United States
                 member:  family_Aplodontiidae__Aplodontiidae  mountain beavers
                    member:  genus_Aplodontia__Aplodontia  type genus of the Aplodontiidae: comprising the mountain beavers
                       member:  mountain_beaver__sewellel__Aplodontia_rufa  bulky nocturnal burrowing rodent of uplands of the Pacific coast of North America; the most primitive living rodent
              member:  naked_mole_rat  fetal-looking colonial rodent of east Africa; neither mole nor rat; they feed on tubers and have a social structure similar to that of honeybees and termites
           member:  order_Hyracoidea__Hyracoidea  hyraxes and some extinct animals
              member:  family_Procaviidae__Procaviidae  includes all recent members of the order Hyracoidea
                 member:  hyrax__coney__cony__dassie__das__da  any of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toes
                 member:  genus_Procavia__Procavia  type genus of the Procaviidae
                    member:  rock_hyrax__rock_rabbit__Procavia_capensis  hyrax that lives in rocky areas
           member:  order_Perissodactyla__Perissodactyla  nonruminant ungulates: horses; tapirs; rhinoceros; extinct forms
              member:  odd-toed_ungulate__perissodactyl__perissodactyl_mammal__perissodactylmammal  placental mammals having hooves with an odd number of toes on each foot
              member:  family_Equidae__Equidae  horses; asses; zebras; extinct animals
                 member:  genus_Equus__Equus  type genus of the Equidae: only surviving genus of the family Equidae
                    member:  horse__Equus_caballus  solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times
                       member:  foal  a young horse
                    member:  ass__as  hardy and sure-footed animal smaller and with longer ears than the horse
                    member:  domestic_ass__donkey__Equus_asinus  domestic beast of burden descended from the African wild ass; patient but stubborn
                    member:  mule  sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse
                    member:  hinny  sterile offspring of a male horse and a female donkey or ass
                    member:  wild_ass  any of several plain-colored equine mammals of Asia and northeast Africa
                    member:  zebra  any of several fleet black-and-white striped African equines
                    member:  Equus_quagga__quagga  mammal of South Africa that resembled a zebra; extinct since late 19th century
                 member:  equine__equid  hoofed mammals having slender legs and a flat coat with a narrow mane along the back of the neck
                 member:  genus_Hyracotherium__Hyracotherium  extinct horse genus; formerly called genus Eohippus
                    member:  eohippus__dawn_horse  earliest horse; extinct primitive dog-sized 4-toed Eocene animal
                 member:  genus_Mesohippus  a genus of Equidae
                    member:  mesohippus  North American 3-toed Oligocene animal; probably not directly ancestral to modern horses
                 member:  genus_Protohippus  a genus of Equidae
                    member:  protohippus  Pliocene horse approaching donkeys in size
                 member:  female_horse__mare  female equine animal
              member:  family_Rhinocerotidae__Rhinocerotidae__rhinoceros_family  rhinoceroses
                 member:  rhinoceros__rhino  massive powerful herbivorous odd-toed ungulate of southeast Asia and Africa having very thick skin and one or two horns on the snout
                 member:  genus_Rhinoceros  type genus of the Rhinocerotidae
                    member:  Indian_rhinoceros__Rhinoceros_unicornis  having one horn
                    member:  woolly_rhinoceros__Rhinoceros_antiquitatis  extinct thick-haired species of arctic regions
                 member:  genus_Ceratotherium__Ceratotherium  African genus
                 member:  genus_Diceros__Diceros  most common species in Africa
                    member:  black_rhinoceros__Diceros_bicornis  African rhino; in danger of extinction
              member:  family_Tapiridae__Tapiridae  tapirs and extinct related forms
                 member:  genus_Tapirus__Tapirus  type genus of the Tapiridae
                    member:  tapir  large inoffensive chiefly nocturnal ungulate of tropical America and southeast Asia having a heavy body and fleshy snout
           member:  order_Artiodactyla__Artiodactyla  an order of hooved mammals of the subclass Eutheria (including pigs and peccaries and hippopotami and members of the suborder Ruminantia) having an even number of functional toes
              member:  even-toed_ungulate__artiodactyl__artiodactyl_mammal__artiodactylmammal  placental mammal having hooves with an even number of functional toes on each foot
              member:  family_Suidae__Suidae  pigs; hogs; boars
                 member:  swine  stout-bodied short-legged omnivorous animals
                 member:  genus_Sus__Sus  type genus of the Suidae
                    member:  pig__squealer__grunter__Sus_scrofa  domestic swine
                    member:  piglet__piggy__shoat  a young pig
                    member:  wild_boar__boar__Sus_scrofa  Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States
                 member:  genus_Babyrousa__Babyrousa  a genus of Suidae
                    member:  babirusa__babiroussa__babirussa__Babyrousa_Babyrussa  Indonesian wild pig with enormous curved canine teeth
                 member:  genus_Phacochoerus__Phacochoerus  warthogs
                    member:  warthog  African wild swine with warty protuberances on the face and large protruding tusks
              member:  family_Tayassuidae__Tayassuidae  peccaries
                 member:  genus_Tayassu__Tayassu__genus_Pecari  type genus of the Tayassuidae
                    member:  peccary__musk_hog  nocturnal gregarious pig-like wild animals of North and South America
              member:  family_Hippopotamidae__Hippopotamidae  hippopotami
                 member:  genus_Hippopotamus  type genus of the Hippopotamidae
                    member:  hippopotamus__hippo__river_horse__riverhorse__Hippopotamus_amphibius  massive thick-skinned herbivorous animal living in or around rivers of tropical Africa
              member:  suborder_Ruminantia__Ruminantia  cattle; bison; sheep; goats; antelopes; deer; chevrotains; giraffes; camels
                 member:  ruminant  any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments
                 member:  family_Bovidae__Bovidae  true antelopes; cattle; oxen; sheep; goats
                    member:  bovid  hollow-horned ruminants
                    member:  subfamily_Bovinae__Bovinae  term not used technically; essentially coextensive with genus Bos: cattle; buffalo; and sometimes includes kudu
                    member:  tribe_Bovini__Bovini  term not used technically; essentially coextensive with genus Bos
                    member:  genus_Bos__Bos  wild and domestic cattle; in some classifications placed in the subfamily Bovinae or tribe Bovini
                       member:  bovine  any of various members of the genus Bos
                       member:  wild_ox__ox  any of various wild bovines especially of the genera Bos or closely related Bibos
                       member:  cattle__cows__kine__oxen__Bos_taurus  domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age: "so many head of cattle"; "wait till the cows come home"; "seven thin and ill-favored kine"- Bible; "a team of oxen"
                          member:  calf  young of domestic cattle
                       member:  ox  an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus
                       member:  Bos_indicus__Brahman__Brahma__Brahmin  any of several breeds of Indian cattle; especially a large American heat and tick resistant grayish humped breed evolved in the Gulf States by interbreeding Indian cattle and now used chiefly for crossbreeding
                       member:  zebu  domesticated ox having a humped back and long horns and a large dewlap; used chiefly as a draft animal in India and east Asia
                       member:  aurochs__auroch__urus__Bos_primigenius  large recently extinct long-horned European wild ox; considered one of the ancestors of domestic cattle
                       member:  Bos_grunniens__yak  large long-haired wild ox of Tibet often domesticated
                       member:  Bos_banteng__banteng__banting  wild ox of the Malay Archipelago
                    member:  Old_World_buffalo__buffalo  any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo; Cape buffalo
                    member:  genus_Bubalus__Bubalus__tribe_Bubalus  in some classification systems included in genus Bos; water buffaloes
                       member:  water_buffalo__waterbuffalo__water_ox__waterox__Asiatic_buffalo__Bubalus_bubalis  Asiatic buffalo often domesticated for use as a draft animal
                       member:  tamarau__tamarao__Bubalus_mindorensis__Anoa_mindorensis  small buffalo of Mindoro in the Philippines
                    member:  genus_Anoa  a genus of mammals of the family Bovidae
                       member:  anoa__dwarf_buffalo__dwarfbuffalo__Anoa_depressicornis  small buffalo of the Celebes having small straight horns
                    member:  genus_Synercus__Synercus__tribe_synercus  Cape buffalo
                       member:  Cape_buffalo__Synercus_caffer  large often savage buffalo of southern Africa having upward-curving horns; mostly in game reserves
                    member:  genus_Bibos__Bibos  wild ox
                       member:  wild_ox__ox  any of various wild bovines especially of the genera Bos or closely related Bibos
                       member:  Asian_wild_ox  genus of Asiatic wild oxen
                       member:  gaur__Bibos_gaurus  wild ox of mountainous areas of eastern India
                       member:  gayal__mithan__Bibos_frontalis  ox of southeast Asia sometimes considered a domesticated breed of the gaur
                    member:  genus_Bison  sometimes considered a subgenus of genus Bos: American buffalo
                       member:  bison  any of several large shaggy-maned humped bovids having large heads and short horns
                       member:  American_bison__American_buffalo__buffalo__bisonbison  large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains
                       member:  wisent__aurochs__auroch__Bison_bonasus  European bison having a smaller and higher head than the North American bison
                    member:  genus_Ovibos__Ovibos  consisting of the musk-ox
                       member:  musk_ox__musk_sheep__Ovibos_moschatus  large shaggy-coated bovid mammal of Canada and Greenland; intermediate in size and anatomy between an ox and a sheep
                    member:  genus_Ovis__Ovis  sheep
                       member:  sheep  woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat
                       member:  wether  male sheep especially a castrated one
                       member:  lamb  young sheep
                       member:  domestic_sheep__Ovis_aries  any of various breeds raised for wool or edible meat or skin
                       member:  argali__argal__Ovis_ammon  wild sheep of semidesert regions in central Asia
                       member:  Marco_Polo_sheep__Marco_Polo's_sheep__Ovis_poli  Asiatic wild sheep with exceptionally large horns; sometimes considered a variety of the argali (or Ovis ammon)
                       member:  urial__Ovis_vignei  bearded reddish sheep of southern Asia
                       member:  Dall_sheep__Dall's_sheep__white_sheep__whitesheep__Ovis_montana_dalli  large white wild sheep of northwestern Canada and Alaska
                       member:  Rocky_Mountain_bighorn__bighorn__bighorn_sheep__bighornsheep__cimarron__Rocky_Mountain_sheep__Ovis_canadensis  wild sheep of mountainous regions of western North America having massive curled horns
                       member:  mouflon__moufflon__Ovis_musimon  wild short-fleeced mountain sheep of Corsica and Sardinia
                    member:  genus_Ammotragus__Ammotragus  genus of wild sheep
                       member:  aoudad__arui__audad__Barbary_sheep__maned_sheep__manedsheep__Ammotragus_lervia  wild sheep of northern Africa
                    member:  genus_Capra__Capra  goats
                       member:  caprine_animal__caprineanimal__goat  any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns
                    member:  goat_antelope  bovid related to goats but having antelope-like features: mountain goats; gorals; serows; chamois; gnu goats
                    member:  genus_Oreamnos__Oreamnos  mountain goats
                       member:  mountain_goat__Rocky_Mountain_goat__Oreamnos_americanus  sure-footed mammal of mountainous northwestern North America
                    member:  genus_Naemorhedus__Naemorhedus  gorals
                       member:  Naemorhedus_goral__goral  small goat antelope with small conical horns; of South Asian mountains
                    member:  genus_Capricornis__Capricornis  serows
                       member:  serow  short-horned dark-coated goat antelope of mountain areas of south and southeast Asia
                    member:  genus_Rupicapra__Rupicapra  chamois
                       member:  chamois__Rupicapra_rupicapra  hoofed mammal of mountains of Eurasia having upright horns with backward-hooked tips
                    member:  genus_Budorcas__Budorcas  gnu goats
                       member:  takin__gnu_goat__gnugoat__budorcastaxicolor  large heavily built goat antelope of eastern Himalayan area
                    member:  genus_Antilope__Antilope  blackbucks
                       member:  blackbuck__black_buck__blackbuck__Antilope_cervicapra  common Indian antelope with a dark back and spiral horns
                    member:  genus_Litocranius__Litocranius  E African antelopes: gerenuks
                       member:  gerenuk__Litocranius_walleri  slender east African antelope with slim neck and backward-curving horns
                    member:  genus_Addax  genus of antelopes of North African deserts
                       member:  addax__Addax_nasomaculatus  large antelope with lightly spiraled horns of desert regions of North Africa
                    member:  genus_Connochaetes__Connochaetes  African antelopes: gnus
                       member:  gnu__wildebeest  large African antelope having a head with horns like an ox and a long tufted tail
                    member:  genus_Madoqua__Madoqua  genus comprising some small antelopes of eastern and northeastern Africa
                       member:  dik-dik__dikdik  any of several small antelopes of eastern Africa of the genus Madoqua; the size of a large rabbit
                    member:  genus_Alcelaphus__Alcelaphus  African antelopes: hartebeests
                       member:  hartebeest  large African antelope with lyre-shaped horns that curve backward
                    member:  genus_Damaliscus__Damaliscus  African antelopes: sassabies
                       member:  sassaby__topi__Damaliscus_lunatus  large South African antelope; considered the swiftest hoofed mammal
                    member:  genus_Aepyceros__Aepyceros  African antelopes: impalas
                       member:  impala__Aepyceros_melampus  African antelope with ridged curved horns; moves with enormous leaps
                    member:  genus_Gazella__Gazella  typical gazelles
                       member:  gazelle  small swift graceful antelope of Africa and Asia having lustrous eyes
                       member:  Thomson's_gazelle__Gazella_thomsoni  E African Gazelle; smallest gazelle
                       member:  Gazella_subgutturosa  a kind of gazelle
                    member:  genus_Antidorcas__Antidorcas  springboks
                       member:  springbok__springbuck__Antidorcas_marsupialis__Antidorcas_euchore  South African gazelle noted for springing lightly into the air
                    member:  genus_Tragelaphus__Tragelaphus__Strepsiceros__genus_Strepsiceros  African antelopes: kudus; bongos; nyalas; bushbucks
                       member:  bongo__Tragelaphus_eurycerus__Boocercus_eurycerus  large forest antelope of central Africa having a reddish-brown coat with white stripes and spiral horns
                       member:  kudu__koodoo__koudou  either of two spiral-horned antelopes of the African bush
                       member:  harnessed_antelope__harnessedantelope  any of several antelopes of the genus Tragelaphus having striped markings resembling a harness
                       member:  nyala__Tragelaphus_angasi  spiral-horned South African antelope with a fringe of white hairs along back and neck
                       member:  mountain_nyala__Tragelaphus_buxtoni  shaggy antelope of mountains of Ethiopia
                       member:  bushbuck__guib__Tragelaphus_scriptus  antelope with white markings like a harness and twisted horns
                    member:  genus_Boselaphus__Boselaphus  Indian antelopes: nilgais
                       member:  nilgai__nylghai__blue_bull__Boselaphus_tragocamelus  large Indian antelope; male is blue-grey with white markings; female is brownish with no horns
                    member:  genus_Hippotragus__Hippotragus  sable antelopes
                       member:  sable_antelope__sableantelope__Hippotragus_niger  large black east African antelope with sharp back-curving horns
                    member:  genus_Saiga  Eurasian antelopes: saigas
                       member:  saiga__Saiga_tatarica  goat-like antelope of central Eurasia having a stubby nose like a proboscis
                    member:  genus_Raphicerus__Raphicerus  African antelopes: steenboks
                       member:  steenbok__steinbok__Raphicerus_campestris  small plains antelope of southeastern Africa
                    member:  genus_Taurotragus__Taurotragus  African antelopes: elands
                       member:  eland  either of two large African antelopes of the genus Taurotragus having short spirally twisted horns in both sexes
                       member:  common_eland__Taurotragus_oryx  dark fawn-colored eland of South and East Africa
                       member:  giant_eland__gianteland__Taurotragus_derbianus  large dark striped eland of western equatorial Africa
                    member:  genus_Kobus__Kobus  African antelopes: waterbucks
                       member:  waterbuck  any of several large African antelopes of the genus Kobus having curved ridged horns and frequenting e.g. swamps and rivers
                    member:  genus_Adenota__Adenota  African antelopes: puku
                       member:  puku__Adenota_vardoni  an African antelope closely related to the waterbuck
                    member:  genus_Oryx  African antelopes: oryxes
                       member:  oryx__pasang  large African antelope with long straight nearly upright horns
                    member:  genus_Pseudoryx__Pseudoryx  species of large cow-like mammals of Vietnam discovered by scientists in 1992
                       member:  forest_goat__spindle_horn__spindlehorn__Pseudoryx_nghetinhensis  cow-like creature with the glossy coat of a horse and the agility of a goat and the long horns of an antelope; characterized as a cow that lives the life of a goat
                 member:  family_Antilocapridae__Antilocapridae  comprising only the pronghorns
                    member:  genus_Antilocapra__Antilocapra  type and sole genus of the Antilocapridae comprising one species
                       member:  pronghorn_antelope__pronghornantelope__pronghorn__prongbuck__American_antelope__Antilocapra_americana  fleet antelope-like ruminant of western North American plains with small branched horns
                 member:  family_Cervidae__Cervidae  deer: reindeer; moose or elks; muntjacs; roe deer
                    member:  deer__cervid  distinguished from Bovidae by the male's having solid deciduous antlers
                    member:  genus_Cervus__Cervus  type genus of the Cervidae
                       member:  red_deer__reddeer__cervuselaphu  common deer of temperate Europe and Asia
                       member:  sambar__sambur__Cervus_unicolor  South Asian deer with three-tined antlers
                       member:  wapiti__American_elk__Cervus_canadensis  large North American deer with large much-branched antlers
                       member:  Japanese_deer__sika__Cervus_nipon__Cervus_sika  small deer of Japan with slightly forked antlers
                    member:  genus_Odocoileus__Odocoileus  North American deer
                       member:  Virginia_deer__white_tail__whitetail__white-tailed_deer__whitetail_deer__whitetaildeer__Odocoileus_Virginianus  common North American deer; tail has a white underside
                       member:  mule_deer__burro_deer__burrodeer__Odocoileus_hemionus  long-eared deer of western North America with two-pronged antlers
                    member:  genus_Alces__Alces  elk or moose
                       member:  European_elk__elk__Alces_alces  large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called elk in Europe and moose in North America
                    member:  genus_Dama__Dama  fallow deer
                       member:  fallow_deer__Dama_dama  small Eurasian deer
                    member:  genus_Capreolus__Capreolus  roe deer
                       member:  roe_deer__roedeer__Capreolus_capreolus  small graceful deer of Eurasian woodlands having small forked antlers
                    member:  genus_Rangifer__Rangifer  reindeer or caribou
                       member:  Greenland_caribou__caribou__reindeer__Rangifer_tarandus  arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called reindeer in Eurasia and caribou in North America
                    member:  genus_Mazama__Mazama  brockets
                       member:  brocket.deer  small South American deer with unbranched antlers
                    member:  genus_Muntiacus__Muntiacus  muntjacs
                       member:  muntjac__barking_deer__barkingdeer  small Asian deer with small antlers and a cry like a bark
                    member:  genus_Moschus__Moschus  musk deer
                       member:  musk_deer__Moschus_moschiferus  small heavy-limbed upland deer of central Asia; male secretes valued musk
                    member:  genus_Elaphurus__Elaphurus  a genus of Cervidae
                       member:  pere_david's_deer__elaphure__Elaphurus_davidianus  large Chinese deer surviving only in domesticated herds
                 member:  family_Tragulidae__Tragulidae  chevrotains
                    member:  chevrotain__mouse_deer__mousedeer  very small hornless deer-like ruminant of tropical Asia and west Africa
                    member:  genus_Tragulus__Tragulus  type genus of the Tragulidae
                       member:  Tragulus_kanchil__kanchil  small chevrotain of southeastern Asia
                       member:  napu__Tragulus_Javanicus  chevrotain somewhat larger than the kanchil; found in India and Malaya
                    member:  genus_Hyemoschus__Hyemoschus  water chevrotains
                       member:  water_chevrotain__waterchevrotain__water_deer__waterdeer__Hyemoschus_aquaticus  largest chevrotain; of marshy areas of west Africa
              member:  family_Camelidae__Camelidae  camels and llamas and vicunas
                 member:  genus_Camelus__Camelus  type genus of the Camelidae: camels
                    member:  camel  cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions
                 member:  genus_Lama__Lama  llamas
                    member:  domestic_llama__Lama_peruana  used in the Andes as a beast of burden and source of wool; considered a domesticated variety of the guanaco
                    member:  guanaco__Lama_guanicoe  wild llama
                    member:  Lama_pacos__alpaca  domesticated llama with long silky fleece; believed to be a domesticated variety of the guanaco
                 member:  genus_Vicugna__Vicugna  a genus of Camelidae
                    member:  Vicugna_vicugna__vicuna  small wild cud-chewing Andean animal similar to the guanaco but smaller; valued for its fleecy undercoat
           member:  order_Edentata__Edentata  order of mammals having few or no teeth including: New World anteaters; sloths; armadillos
              member:  edentate  primitive terrestrial mammal with few if any teeth; of tropical Central and South America
              member:  suborder_Xenarthra__Xenarthra  armadillos; American anteaters; sloths
                 member:  family_Dasypodidae__Dasypodidae  armadillos
                    member:  armadillo  burrowing chiefly nocturnal mammal with body covered with strong horny plates
                    member:  genus_Dasypus__Dasypus__dasypu  type genus of the Dasypodidae
                       member:  peba__nine-banded_armadillo__Texas_armadillo__Dasypus_novemcinctus  having nine hinged bands of bony plates; ranges from Texas to Paraguay
                    member:  genus_Tolypeutes__Tolypeutes  a genus of Dasypodidae
                       member:  apar__three-banded_armadillo__Tolypeutes_tricinctus  South American armadillo with three bands of bony plates
                    member:  genus_Cabassous  solely the tatouay
                       member:  tatouay__cabassous__cabassou__Cabassous_unicinctus  naked-tailed armadillo of tropical South America
                    member:  genus_Euphractus__Euphractus  a genus of Dasypodidae
                       member:  peludo__poyou__Euphractus_sexcinctus  Argentine armadillo with six movable bands and hairy underparts
                    member:  genus_Priodontes__Priodontes  solely the giant armadillo
                    member:  genus_Chlamyphorus__Chlamyphorus  pichiciago
                       member:  pichiciago__pichiciego__fairy_armadillo__fairyarmadillo__chlamyphore__Chlamyphorus_truncatus  very small Argentine armadillo with pale silky hair and pink plates on head and neck
                    member:  genus_Burmeisteria__Burmeisteria  a genus of Dasypodidae
                       member:  greater_pichiciego__greaterpichiciego__Burmeisteria_retusa  of southern South America
                 member:  family_Bradypodidae__Bradypodidae  true sloths; in some
                    member:  tree_sloth__sloth  any of several slow-moving arboreal mammals of South and Central America; they hang from branches back downward and feed on leaves and fruits
                    member:  genus_Bradypus__Bradypus  type genus of the Bradypodidae: three-toed sloths
                       member:  three-toed_sloth__ai__Bradypus_tridactylus  a sloth that has three long claws on each forefoot
                 member:  family_Megalonychidae__Megalonychidae  two-toed sloths
                    member:  genus_Choloepus__Choloepus  a genus of Megalonychidae
                       member:  Choloepus_didactylus__two-toed_sloth__unau  relatively small fast-moving sloth
                       member:  two-toed_sloth__unau__Choloepus_hoffmanni  relatively small fast-moving sloth
                 member:  family_Megatheriidae__Megatheriidae  extinct ground sloths
                    member:  megatherian_mammal__megatherianmammal__megatherian__megatheriid  a large extinct ground sloth
                    member:  genus_Megatherium__Megatherium  type genus of the Megatheriidae
                       member:  ground_sloth__megathere  gigantic extinct terrestrial sloth-like mammal of the Pliocene and Pleistocene in America
                 member:  family_Myrmecophagidae__Myrmecophagidae  New World anteaters
                    member:  New_World_anteater__anteater  any of several tropical American mammals of the family Myrmecophagidae which lack teeth and feed on ants and termites
                    member:  genus_Myrmecophaga__Myrmecophaga  type genus of the Myrmecophagidae; South American ant bear
                       member:  ant_bear__antbear__giantanteater__great_anteater__greatanteater__tamanoir__Myrmecophaga_jubata  large shaggy-haired toothless anteater with long tongue and powerful claws; of South America
                    member:  genus_Cyclopes__Cyclopes  only the silky anteater
                       member:  silky_anteater__silkyanteater__two-toed_anteater__Cyclopes_didactylus  squirrel-sized South American toothless anteater with long silky golden fur
                    member:  genus_Tamandua  lesser anteater
                       member:  tamandua__tamandu__lesser_anteater__Tamandua_tetradactyla  small toothless anteater with prehensile tale and four-clawed forelimbs; of tropical South and Central America
              member:  family_Mylodontidae__Mylodontidae  extinct South American edentates
                 member:  mylodontid  a variety of extinct edentate
                 member:  genus_Mylodon  type genus of the Mylodontidae; sometimes included in family Megatheriidae
                    member:  mylodon  large (bear-sized) extinct edentate mammal of the Pleistocene in South America
                 member:  mapinguari  supposed human-sized sloth-like creature reported sighted by Indians in the Amazon rain forest
           member:  order_Pholidota__Pholidota  pangolins; in some former classifications included in the order Edentata
              member:  family_Manidae__Manidae  coextensive with the order Pholidota
                 member:  genus_Manis__Manis  type genus of the Manidae
                    member:  pangolin__scaly_anteater__scalyanteater__anteater  toothless mammal of southern Africa and Asia having a body covered with horny scales and a long snout for feeding on ants and termites
           member:  order_Primates__Primates  an animal order including lemurs and tarsiers and monkeys and apes and human beings
              member:  primate  any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet
              member:  suborder_Anthropoidea__Anthropoidea  monkeys; apes; hominids
                 member:  anthropoid_ape  any tailless ape of the families Pongidae and Hylobatidae
                 member:  superfamily_Hominoidea__Hominoidea  anthropoid apes and human beings
                    member:  hominoid  a primate of the superfamily Hominoidea
                    member:  genus_Proconsul  genus of extinct primitive African Miocene primates; sometimes considered a subgenus of Dryopithecus
                       member:  proconsul  an anthropoid ape of the genus Proconsul
                    member:  genus_Kenyapithecus__Kenyapithecus  extinct primate having powerful chewing muscles along with large molars and small incisors; fossils found in Kenya
                    member:  genus_Aegyptopithecus  a genus of Hominoidea
                       member:  Aegyptopithecus  extinct primate of about 38 million years ago; fossils found in Egypt
                    member:  genus_Algeripithecus__Algeripithecus  an extinct genus of Hominoidea
                       member:  Algeripithecus_minutus  tiny (150 to 300 grams) extinct primate of 46 to 50 million years ago; fossils found in Algeria; considered by some authorities the leading candidate for the first anthropoid
                 member:  family_Hominidae__Hominidae  modern man and extinct immediate ancestors of man
                    member:  hominid  a primate of the family Hominidae
                    member:  genus_Homo  type genus of the family Hominidae
                       member:  human__man__homo__human_being__humanbeing  any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae
                          member:  homo_erectus  a member of an extinct species of human being; probably an ancestor of modern man
                       member:  Homo_erectus  extinct species of primitive hominid with upright stature but small brain; " Homo erectus was formerly called Pithecanthropus erectus"
                       member:  Homo_soloensis  extinct primitive hominid of late Pleistocene; Java; formerly Javanthropus
                       member:  Homo_habilis  extinct species of upright east African hominid having some advanced humanlike characteristics
                       member:  Homo_sapiens  the only surviving hominid; species to which modern man belongs; bipedal primate having language and ability to make and use complex tools; brain 1400 cc
                       member:  Neandertal_man__Neanderthal_man__Neandertal__Neanderthal__Homo_sapiens_neanderthalensis  extinct robust human of Middle Paleolithic in Europe and western Asia
                       member:  Cro-magnon  extinct human of Upper Paleolithic in Europe
                       member:  Boskop_man  possible early Homo sapiens represented by a cranium found in the Transvaal; formerly considered a separate species
                       member:  Homo_sapiens_sapiens__modern_man  subspecies of Homo sapiens; includes all modern races
                    member:  genus_Australopithecus__Australopithecus  extinct genus of African hominid
                       member:  australopithecine  any of several extinct humanlike small-brained bipedal primates of the genus Australopithecus; from 1 to 4 million years ago
                       member:  Australopithecus_afarensis  fossils found in Ethiopia; from 3.5 to 4 million years ago
                       member:  Lucy  incomplete skeleton of female found in eastern Ethiopia in 1974
                       member:  Australopithecus_africanus  gracile hominid of southern Africa; from about 3 million years ago
                       member:  Australopithecus_boisei  large-toothed hominid of eastern Africa; from 1 to 2 million years ago
                       member:  Australopithecus_robustus  large-toothed hominid of southern Africa; from 1.5 to 2 million years ago; formerly Paranthropus
                    member:  genus_Plesianthropus__Plesianthropus  former name for the genus Australopithecus
                    member:  genus_Sivapithecus  extinct primates; lower Pliocene
                       member:  Sivapithecus  fossil primates found in India
                    member:  genus_Dryopithecus__Dryopithecus  genus of Old World hominoids; Miocene and Pliocene
                       member:  dryopithecine  considered a possible ancestor to both anthropoid apes and humans
                       member:  rudapithecus__Dryopithecus_Rudapithecus_hungaricus  fossil hominoids from north central Hungary; late Miocene
                    member:  genus_Ouranopithecus__Ouranopithecus  a genus of Hominidae
                    member:  genus_Lufengpithecus__Lufengpithecus  a genus of Hominidae
                 member:  family_Pongidae__Pongidae  usually considered as comprising orangutans; gorillas; chimpanzees; and sometimes gibbons
                    member:  great_ape__greatape__pongid  any of the large anthropoid apes of the family Pongidae
                    member:  genus_Pongo__Pongo  type genus of the family Pongidae: orangutans
                       member:  orangutan__orang__orangutang__Pongo_pygmaeus  large long-armed ape of Borneo and Sumatra having arboreal habits
                    member:  genus_Gorilla  gorillas
                       member:  Gorilla_gorilla__gorilla  largest anthropoid ape; terrestrial and vegetarian; of forests of central west Africa
                       member:  western_lowland_gorilla__westernlowlandgorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_gorilla  a kind of gorilla
                       member:  eastern_lowland_gorilla__easternlowlandgorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_grauri  a kind of gorilla
                       member:  mountain_gorilla__Gorilla_gorilla_beringei  gorilla of Kivu highlands
                       member:  silverback  an adult male gorilla with gray hairs across the back
                    member:  genus_Pan__Pan  chimpanzees; more closely related to Australopithecus than to other pongids
                       member:  chimpanzee__chimp__Pan_troglodytes  intelligent somewhat arboreal ape of equatorial African forests
                       member:  pygmy_chimpanzee__pygmychimpanzee__bonobo__Pan_paniscus  small chimpanzee of swamp forests in Zaire; a threatened species
                 member:  family_Hylobatidae__Hylobatidae  used in some classifications for the lesser apes (gibbons and siamangs); sometimes considered a subfamily of Pongidae
                    member:  lesser_ape  gibbons and siamangs
                    member:  genus_Hylobates__Hylobates  gibbons
                       member:  gibbon__Hylobates_lar  smallest and most perfectly anthropoid arboreal ape having long arms and no tail; of southern Asia and East Indies
                       member:  siamang__Hylobates_syndactylus__Symphalangus_syndactylus  large black gibbon of Sumatra having the 2nd and 3rd toes partially united by a web
                    member:  genus_Symphalangus__Symphalangus  used in some classifications for the siamangs
                 member:  family_Cercopithecidae__Cercopithecidae  Old World monkeys: guenon; baboon; colobus monkey; langur; macaque; mandrill; mangabey; patas; proboscis monkey
                    member:  Old_World_monkey  of Africa Arabia or Asia; having nonprehensile tails and nostrils close together
                    member:  genus_Cercopithecus__Cercopithecus  type genus of the Cercopithecidae: guenons
                       member:  guenon_monkey__guenon  small slender African monkey having long hind limbs and tail and long hair around the face
                    member:  genus_Cercocebus__Cercocebus  mangabeys
                       member:  mangabey  large agile arboreal monkey with long limbs and tail and white upper eyelids
                    member:  genus_Erythrocebus__Erythrocebus  patas
                       member:  Erythrocebus_patas__patas__pata__hussar_monkey  reddish long-tailed monkey of west Africa
                    member:  genus_Papio__Papio  baboons
                    member:  genus_Mandrillus__Mandrillus  baboons
                       member:  mandrill__Mandrillus_sphinx  baboon of west Africa with red and blue muzzle and hindquarters
                    member:  genus_Macaca__Macaca  macaques; rhesus monkeys
                       member:  macaque  short-tailed monkey of rocky regions of Asia and Africa
                    member:  genus_Presbytes__Presbytes__mammal_Semnopithecus  langurs
                       member:  langur  slender long-tailed monkey of Asia
                    member:  genus_Colobus  a genus of Cercopithecidae
                       member:  colobus_monkey__colobusmonkey__colobus  arboreal monkey of western and central Africa with long silky fur and reduced thumbs
                    member:  genus_Nasalis__Nasalis__nasali  proboscis monkeys
                 member:  superfamily_Platyrrhini__Platyrrhini  New World monkeys: capuchin; douroucouli; howler monkey; saki; spider monkey; squirrel monkey; titi; uakari; woolly monkey; marmoset; tamarin
                    member:  New_World_monkey  hairy-faced arboreal monkeys having widely separated nostrils and long usually prehensile tails
                    member:  family_Callithricidae__Callithricidae  marmosets
                       member:  marmoset  small soft-furred South and Central American monkey with claws instead of nails
                       member:  genus_Callithrix__Callithrix  type genus of the Callithricidae: true marmosets
                          member:  true_marmoset  a marmoset
                       member:  genus_Cebuella__Cebuella  pygmy marmosets
                          member:  pygmy_marmoset__pygmymarmoset__Cebuella_pygmaea  the smallest monkey; of tropical forests of the Amazon
                       member:  genus_Leontocebus__Leontocebus__genus_Leontideus  tamarins
                          member:  tamarin__lion_monkey__lion_marmoset__leoncita  small South American marmoset with silky fur and long nonprehensile tail
                    member:  family_Cebidae__Cebidae  all the New World monkeys except marmosets and tamarins
                       member:  genus_Cebus__Cebus  type genus of the Cebidae
                          member:  Cebus_capucinus__capuchin__ringtail  monkey of Central and South America having a cowl of thick hair on the head
                       member:  genus_Aotus__Aotus  douroucoulis
                          member:  douroucouli__Aotus_trivirgatus  nocturnal monkey of Central and South America with large eyes and thick fur
                       member:  genus_Alouatta__Alouatta  howler monkeys
                          member:  howler_monkey__howler  monkey of tropical South American forests having a loud howling cry
                       member:  genus_Pithecia__Pithecia  sakis
                          member:  saki  small arboreal monkey of tropical South America with long hair and bushy nonprehensile tail
                       member:  genus_Cacajao__Cacajao  uakaris
                          member:  uakari  medium-sized tree-dwelling monkey of the Amazon basin; only New World monkey with a short tail
                       member:  genus_Callicebus__Callicebus  titis
                          member:  titi_monkey__titi  small South American monkeys with long beautiful fur and long nonprehensile tail
                       member:  genus_Ateles__Ateles  spider monkeys
                          member:  spider_monkey__Ateles_geoffroyi  arboreal monkey of tropical America with long slender legs and long prehensile tail
                       member:  genus_Saimiri__Saimiri  squirrel monkeys
                       member:  genus_Lagothrix__Lagothrix  woolly monkeys
                          member:  woolly_monkey  large monkeys with dark skin and woolly fur of the Amazon and Orinoco basins
              member:  suborder_Prosimii__Prosimii  not used in all classifications; in some classifications considered coextensive with the Lemuroidea; in others includes both Lemuroidea and Tarsioidea
                 member:  prosimian  primitive primates having large ears and eyes and characterized by nocturnal habits
              member:  Adapid_group__Adapid  extinct small mostly diurnal lower primates that fed on leaves and fruit; abundant in North America and Europe 30 to 50 million years ago; their descendents probably include the lemurs; some authorities consider them ancestral to anthropoids but others consider them only cousins
              member:  suborder_Lemuroidea__Lemuroidea  Lemuridae; Lorisidae; Daubentoniidae; Indriidae; used in some classifications instead of Prosimii; in others considered a subdivision of Prosimii
                 member:  lemur  large-eyed arboreal prosimian having foxy faces and long furry tails
                 member:  family_Lemuridae__Lemuridae  typical lemurs; of Madagascar
                    member:  genus_Lemur  type genus of the Lemuridae
                       member:  Madagascar_cat__ring-tailed_lemur__Lemur_catta  small lemur having its tail barred with black
                 member:  family_Lorisidae__Lorisidae  slow-moving omnivorous nocturnal primates of tropical Asia; usually tailless
                    member:  genus_Loris  type genus of the Lorisidae
                       member:  slender_loris__slenderlori__Loris_gracilis  slim-bodied lemur of southern India and Sri Lanka
                    member:  genus_Nycticebus__Nycticebus  a genus of Lorisidae
                       member:  slow_loris__Nycticebus_tardigradua__Nycticebus_pygmaeus  stocky lemur of southeastern Asia
                    member:  genus_Perodicticus__Perodicticus  a genus of Lorisidae
                       member:  Perodicticus_potto__potto__kinkajou  a kind of lemur
                    member:  genus_Arctocebus__Arctocebus  a genus of Lorisidae
                       member:  angwantibo__golden_potto__Arctocebus_calabarensis  a kind of lemur
                    member:  genus_Galago  bush babies
                       member:  galago__bushbaby__bush_baby  agile long-tailed nocturnal African lemur with dense woolly fur and large eyes and ears
                 member:  family_Indriidae__Indriidae  a family of Lemuroidea
                    member:  genus_Indri  type genus of the Indriidae
                       member:  Indri_indri__indri__indris__Indri_brevicaudatus  large short-tailed lemur of Madagascar having thick silky fur in black and white and fawn
                    member:  genus_Avahi__Avahi  a genus of Indriidae
                       member:  woolly_indris__Avahi_laniger  nocturnal indris with thick gray-brown fur and a long tail
              member:  suborder_Strepsirhini__Strepsirhini  in some classifications either coextensive with the Lemuroidea or comprising the true lemurs
              member:  Omomyid_group__Omomyid  extinct tiny nocturnal lower primates that fed on fruit and insects; abundant in North America and Europe 30 to 50 million years ago; probably gave rise to the tarsiers; some authorities consider them ancestral to anthropoids but others consider them only cousins
              member:  suborder_Tarsioidea__Tarsioidea  in some classifications assigned to the suborder Prosimii
                 member:  family_Tarsiidae__Tarsiidae  coextensive with the genus Tarsius: tarsiers
                    member:  genus_Tarsius__Tarsius  type and sole genus of the family Tarsiidae
                       member:  tarsier  nocturnal arboreal primate of Indonesia and the Philippines having huge eyes and digits ending in pads to facilitate climbing; the only primate that spurns all plant material as food living entirely on insects and small vertebrates
           member:  order_Scandentia__Scandentia  a small order comprising only the tree shrews: in some classifications tree shrews are considered either primates (and included in the suborder Prosimii) or true insectivores (and included in the order Insectivora)
              member:  family_Tupaiidae__Tupaiidae  tree shrews; in some classifications tree shrews are considered prosimian primates
                 member:  genus_Tupaia__Tupaia  type genus of the Tupaia: chief genus of tree shrews
                 member:  tree_shrew  insectivorous arboreal mammal of southeast Asia that resembles a squirrel with large eyes and long sharp snout
                 member:  genus_Ptilocercus__Ptilocercus  pentails
                    member:  pentail__pen-tailed_tree_shrew  brown tree shrew having a naked tail bilaterally fringed with long stiff hairs on the distal third; of Malaysia
           member:  order_Dermoptera__Dermoptera  flying lemurs
              member:  family_Cynocephalidae__Cynocephalidae  a family of Dermoptera
                 member:  genus_Cynocephalus__Cynocephalus  type genus of the family Cynocephalidae
                    member:  flying_lemur__flying_cat__colugo  arboreal nocturnal mammal of southeast Asia and the Philippines resembling a lemur and having a fold of skin on each side from neck to tail that is used for long gliding leaps
           member:  order_Proboscidea__Proboscidea  an order of animals including elephants and mammoths
              member:  proboscidean__proboscidian  massive herbivorous mammals having tusks and a long trunk
              member:  family_Elephantidae__Elephantidae  elephants
                 member:  elephant  five-toed pachyderm
                 member:  genus_Elephas__Elephas  type genus of the family Elephantidae
                    member:  Indian_elephant__Elephas_maximus  Asian elephant having smaller ears and tusks primarily in the male
                 member:  genus_Loxodonta__Loxodonta  a genus of Elephantidae
                    member:  African_elephant__Loxodonta_africana  African elephant having enormous flapping ears and ivory tusks
                 member:  genus_Mammuthus__Mammuthus  extinct genus: mammoths
                    member:  mammoth  any of numerous extinct elephants widely distributed in the Pleistocene; extremely large with hairy coats and long upcurved tusks
                 member:  genus_Archidiskidon__Archidiskidon  a genus of Elephantidae
                    member:  imperial_mammoth__imperial_elephant__Archidiskidon_imperator  largest known mammoth; of America
              member:  family_Mammutidae__Mammutidae__family_Mastodontidae  extinct family: mastodons
                 member:  genus_Mammut__Mammut__genus_Mastodon  extinct type genus of the Mammutidae: mastodons
                    member:  mastodon__mastodont  extinct elephant-like mammal that flourished worldwide from Miocene through Pleistocene times; differ from mammoths in the form of the molar teeth
                    member:  American_mastodon__American_mastodont__Mammut_americanum  North American mastodon; in some classifications considered a mammoth rather than a mastodon
              member:  family_Gomphotheriidae__Gomphotheriidae  elephants extinct since the Pleistocene
                 member:  genus_Gomphotherium__Gomphotherium  type genus of the Gomphotheriidae
                    member:  gomphothere  extinct elephants of Central and South America; of the Miocene and Pleistocene
           member:  family_Ailuropodidae__Ailuropodidae  in some classifications considered the family comprising the giant pandas
        member:  Ungulata  in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising all hoofed mammals; now divided into the orders Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) and Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
           member:  order_Dinocerata__Dinocerata  small order of primitive ungulates of the Paleocene and Eocene
              member:  family_Uintatheriidae__Uintatheriidae  an extinct family of Dinocerata
                 member:  genus_Uintatherium__Uintatherium  type genus of the Uintatheriidae; extinct large herbivorous ungulates somewhat resembling elephants; from the Eocene in Wyoming
                    member:  dinoceras__dinocera__uintathere  a variety of dinocerate
        member:  Unguiculata  in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising mammals with nails or claws; distinguished from hoofed mammals and cetaceans
     member:  mammal_family  a family of mammals
     member:  mammal_genus  a genus of mammals
     member:  Pisces  a group of vertebrates comprising both cartilaginous and bony fishes and sometimes including the jawless vertebrates; not used technically
        member:  fish  any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills
     member:  class_Osteichthyes__Osteichthyes  a class of fish having a skeleton composed of bone in addition to cartilage
        member:  bony_fish  any fish of the class Osteichthyes
        member:  subclass_Crossopterygii__Crossopterygii  fishes having paired fins resembling limbs and regarded as ancestral to amphibians
           member:  crossopterygian__lobefin__lobe-finned_fish  any fish of the order Crossopterygii; most known only in fossil form
           member:  family_Latimeridae__Latimeridae  extinct except for the coelacanth
              member:  genus_Latimeria__Latimeria  type genus of the Latimeridae: coelacanth
                 member:  coelacanth__Latimeria_chalumnae  fish thought to have been extinct since the Cretaceous Period but found in 1938 off the coast of Africa
        member:  subclass_Dipnoi__Dipnoi  bony fishes of the southern hemisphere that breathe by a modified air bladder as well as gills; sometimes classified as an order of Crossopterygii
           member:  lungfish  air-breathing fish having an elongated body and fleshy paired fins; certain species construct mucus-lined mud coverings in which to survive drought
           member:  family_Ceratodontidae__Ceratodontidae  lungfishes having hornlike ridges on the teeth
              member:  genus_Ceratodus  type genus of the Ceratodontidae: extinct genus of lungfishes
                 member:  ceratodus  extinct lungfish
              member:  genus_Neoceratodus__Neoceratodus  extant Australian lungfishes
                 member:  barramunda__barramundi__Neoceratodus_forsteri  large edible Australian lungfish having paddle-shaped fins
        member:  subclass_Teleostei__Teleostei  large diverse group of bony fishes; includes most living species
           member:  superorder_Malacopterygii__Malacopterygii  an extensive group of teleost fishes having fins supported by flexible cartilaginous rays
              member:  soft-finned_fish__malacopterygian  any fish of the superorder Malacopterygii
                 member:  whitebait  the edible young of especially herrings and sprats and smelts
              member:  order_Cypriniformes__Cypriniformes  an order of animals including almost entirely freshwater fishes: characins; loaches; carp; suckers; sometimes classified as a suborder of Ostariophysi
                 member:  cypriniform_fish__cypriniformfish  a soft-finned fish of the order Cypriniformes
                 member:  family_Cobitidae__Cobitidae  loaches
                    member:  loach  slender freshwater fishes of Eurasia and Africa resembling catfishes
                 member:  family_Cyprinidae__Cyprinidae  a family of fish including: carp; tench; roach; rudd; dace
                    member:  cyprinid_fish__cyprinid  soft-finned mainly freshwater fishes typically having toothless jaws and cycloid scales
                    member:  carp  any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae
                    member:  genus_Cyprinus__Cyprinus  type genus of the family Cyprinidae: carp
                       member:  domestic_carp__Cyprinus_carpio  large Old World freshwater bottom-feeding fish introduced into Europe from Asia; inhabits ponds and sluggish streams and often raised for food; introduced into United States where it has become a pest
                    member:  genus_Abramis__Abramis  European fishes
                       member:  European_bream__Abramis_brama  European freshwater fish having a flattened body and silvery scales; of little value as food
                    member:  genus_Tinca__Tinca  tench
                       member:  tench__Tinca_tinca  freshwater dace-like game fish of Europe and western Asia noted for ability to survive outside water
                    member:  genus_Leuciscus__Leuciscus  a genus of fish including: dace, chub
                       member:  dace__Leuciscus_leuciscus  small European freshwater fish with a slender bluish-green body
                       member:  chub__Leuciscus_cephalus  European freshwater game fish with a thick spindle-shaped body
                    member:  genus_Notropis__Notropis  shiners
                       member:  common_shiner__silversides__Notropis_cornutus  the common North American shiner
                    member:  genus_Notemigonus__Notemigonus  golden shiners
                    member:  genus_Rutilus__Rutilus  roaches
                       member:  Rutilus_rutilus__roach  European freshwater food fish having a greenish back
                    member:  genus_Scardinius__Scardinius  rudds
                       member:  rudd__Scardinius_erythrophthalmus  European freshwater fish resembling the roach
                    member:  genus_Phoxinus__Phoxinus  minnows
                       member:  minnow__Phoxinus_phoxinus  very small European freshwater fish common in gravelly streams
                    member:  genus_Gobio__Gobio  true gudgeons
                       member:  gudgeon__gobiogobio  small slender European freshwater fish often used as bait by anglers
                    member:  genus_Carassius__Carassius  goldfish
                       member:  goldfish__Carassius_auratus  small golden or orange-red freshwater fishes of Eurasia used as pond or aquarium fishes
                       member:  crucian_carp__cruciancarp__Carassius_carassius__Carassius_vulgaris  European carp closely resembling wild goldfish
                 member:  family_Electrophoridae__Electrophoridae  small family comprising the electric eels
                    member:  genus_Electrophorus__Electrophorus  type genus of the family Electrophoridae; electric eels
                       member:  electric_eel__Electrophorus_electric  eel-shaped freshwater fish of South America having electric organs in its body
                 member:  family_Catostomidae__Catostomidae  suckers; closely related to the family Cyprinidae
                    member:  catostomid  a cypriniform fish of the family Catostomidae
                    member:  sucker  mostly North American freshwater fishes with a thick-lipped mouth for feeding by suction; related to carps
                    member:  genus_Catostomus__Catostomus  type genus of the family Catostomidae
                    member:  genus_Ictiobus__Ictiobus  buffalo fishes
                       member:  black_buffalo__blackbuffalo__Ictiobus_niger  fish of the lower Mississippi
                    member:  genus_Hypentelium__Hypentelium  a genus of fish in the family Catostomidae
                    member:  genus_Maxostoma__Maxostoma  a genus of fish in the family Catostomidae
                       member:  redhorse_sucker__redhorse  North American sucker with reddish fins
                 member:  family_Cyprinodontidae__Cyprinodontidae  large family of small soft-finned fishes; killifishes; flagfishes; swordtails; guppies
                    member:  cyprinodont  any member of the family Cyprinodontidae
                    member:  genus_Fundulus__Fundulus  killifish
                       member:  mummichog__Fundulus_heteroclitus  silver-and-black killifish of saltwater marshes along the United States Atlantic coast
                       member:  striped_killifish__stripedkillifish__mayfish__fundulusmajali  black-barred fish of bays and coastal marshes of United States Atlantic and Gulf coasts
                    member:  genus_Rivulus  killifish
                       member:  rivulus__rivulu  found in small streams of tropical America; often kept in aquariums; usually hermaphroditic
                    member:  genus_Jordanella__Jordanella  flagfishes
                       member:  American_flagfish__flagfish__Jordanella_floridae  flagfish with a dark-blue back and whitish sides with red stripes; found in swamps and streams of Florida
                    member:  genus_Xyphophorus__Xyphophorus  swordtails
                       member:  swordtail__helleri__Xyphophorus_helleri  freshwater fish of Central America having a long swordlike tail; popular aquarium fish
                    member:  genus_Lebistes__Lebistes  guppies
                 member:  family_Poeciliidae__Poeciliidae  topminnows
                    member:  topminnow__poeciliid_fish__poeciliidfish__poeciliid__live-bearer  small usually brightly-colored viviparous surface-feeding fishes of fresh or brackish warm waters; often used in mosquito control
                    member:  genus_Gambusia__Gambusia  mosquitofish
                       member:  mosquitofish__Gambusia_affinis  silvery topminnow with rows of black spots of tropical North America and West Indies; important in mosquito control
                    member:  genus_Platypoecilus__Platypoecilus  platys
                       member:  platy__Platypoecilus_maculatus  small stocky Mexican fish; popular aquarium fish
                    member:  genus_Mollienesia__Mollienesia  mollies
                       member:  mollie__molly  popular aquarium fish
                 member:  family_Characidae__Characidae  tropical freshwater fishes of Africa and S and Central America
                    member:  characin_fish__characin__characid  any freshwater fish of the family Characinidae
                    member:  genus_Hemigrammus__Hemigrammus  tetras
                       member:  tetra  brightly colored tropical freshwater fishes
                    member:  genus_Paracheirodon__Paracheirodon  a genus of Characidae
                       member:  cardinal_tetra__Paracheirodon_axelrodi  small bright red and blue aquarium fish from streams in Brazil and Columbia
                    member:  genus_Serrasalmus__Serrasalmus  piranhas
                       member:  piranha__pirana__caribe  small voraciously carnivorous freshwater fishes of South America that attack and destroy living animals
              member:  order_Siluriformes__Siluriformes  an order of fish belonging to the superorder Malacopterygii including catfishes
                 member:  siluriform_fish__catfish  any of numerous mostly freshwater bottom-living fishes of Eurasia and North America with barbels like whiskers around the mouth
                 member:  family_Siluridae__Siluridae  Old World catfishes
                    member:  silurid_fish__siluridfish__silurid  Old World freshwater catfishes having naked skin and a long anal fin more or less merged with the eellike caudal fin
                    member:  genus_Silurus__Silurus  type genus of the Siluridae: catfishes
                       member:  European_catfish__sheatfish__Silurus_glanis  large elongated catfish of central and eastern Europe
                    member:  genus_Malopterurus__Malopterurus  electric catfish
                       member:  electric_catfish__Malopterurus_electricus  freshwater catfish of the Nile and tropical central Africa having an electric organ
                 member:  family_Ameiuridae__Ameiuridae  North American catfishes
                    member:  genus_Ameiurus__Ameiurus  type genus of the Ameiuridae: bullhead catfishes
                       member:  bullhead  any of several common freshwater catfishes of the United States
                    member:  genus_Ictalurus__Ictalurus  channel catfishes
                    member:  genus_Pylodictus__Pylodictus  flathead catfishes
                       member:  flathead_catfish__mudcat__goujon__shovelnose_catfish__spoonbill_catfish__spoonbillcatfish__Pylodictus_olivaris  large catfish of central United States having a flattened head and projecting jaw
                 member:  family_Laricariidae__Laricariidae  armored catfish
                    member:  armored_catfish  South American catfish having the body covered with bony plates
                 member:  family_Ariidae__Ariidae  sea catfishes
                    member:  sea_catfish  any of numerous marine fishes most of which are mouthbreeders; not used for food
                    member:  genus_Arius__Arius  type genus of the Ariidae: sea catfishes
                       member:  crucifix_fish  catfish of the Caribbean area
              member:  order_Gadiformes__Gadiformes  cods, haddocks, grenadiers; in some classifications considered equivalent to the order Anacanthini
                 member:  family_Gadidae__Gadidae  large family of important mostly marine food fishes
                    member:  gadoid_fish__gadoid  a soft-finned fish of the family Gadidae
                    member:  genus_Gadus__Gadus  type genus of the Gadidae: the typical codfishes
                       member:  cod__codfish  major food fish of arctic and cold-temperate waters
                    member:  genus_Merlangus__Merlangus  whitings
                       member:  Merlangus_merlangus__whiting__Gadus_merlangus  a food fish of European Atlantic waters resembling the cod; sometimes placed in genus Gadus
                    member:  genus_Lota__Lota  burbot
                    member:  genus_Melanogrammus__Melanogrammus  haddock
                       member:  Melanogrammus_aeglefinus__haddock  important food fish on both sides of the Atlantic; related to cod but usually smaller
                    member:  genus_Pollachius__Pollachius  pollack
                       member:  Pollachius_pollachius__pollack  important food and game fish of northern seas especially North Atlantic; related to cod
                    member:  genus_Merluccius__Merluccius  hakes
                    member:  genus_Urophycis__Urophycis  hakes
                       member:  ling  American hakes
                    member:  genus_Molva__Molva  ling
                       member:  Molva_molva__ling  elongated marine food fish of Greenland and northern Europe; often salted and dried
                    member:  Brosmius__genus_Browmius  cusk
                 member:  family_Macrouridae__Macrouridae__Macruridae__family_Macruridae  grenadiers
                    member:  rattail__grenadier__rattail_fish__rattailfish  deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail
              member:  order_Anacanthini__Anacanthini  at least partially equivalent to the order Gadiformes in some classifications
              member:  order_Anguilliformes__Anguilliformes__order_Apodes  elongate fishes with pelvic fins and girdle absent or reduced
                 member:  eel  voracious snakelike marine or freshwater fishes with smooth slimy usually scaleless skin and having a continuous vertical fin but no ventral fins
                 member:  family_Anguillidae__Anguillidae  eels that live in fresh water as adults but return to the sea to spawn
                    member:  genus_Anguilla__Anguilla  type genus of the Anguillidae: eels
                       member:  common_eel__freshwater_eel  eels that live in fresh water as adults but return to sea to spawn; found in Europe and America; marketed both fresh and smoked
                 member:  family_Muraenidae__Muraenidae  marine eels
                    member:  moray_eel__morayeel__moray  family of brightly colored voracious eels of warm coastal waters; generally nonaggressive to humans but larger species are dangerous if provoked
                 member:  family_Congridae__Congridae  marine eels
                    member:  conger_eel__conger  large somber-colored scaleless marine eel found in temperate and tropical coastal waters; some used for food
              member:  order_Isospondyli__Isospondyli  most primitive teleost fishes; all are soft-finned: salmon; trout; herring; shad; sardines; anchovies; whitefish; smelts; tarpon
                 member:  family_Gonorhynchidae__Gonorhynchidae  coextensive with the genus Gonorhynchus
                    member:  genus_Gonorhynchus__Gonorhynchus  slender cylindrical marine fishes lacking air bladders and teeth
                       member:  beaked_salmon__sandfish__Gonorhynchus_gonorhynchus  fish of sandy areas of western Pacific and Indian oceans having an angular snout for burrowing into sand
                 member:  family_Clupeidae__Clupeidae  herrings; shad; sardines; etc.
                    member:  clupeid_fish__clupeidfish__clupeid  any of numerous soft-finned schooling food fishes of shallow waters of northern seas
                    member:  genus_Alosa__Alosa  shad
                       member:  shad  herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn
                       member:  Alosa_pseudoharengus__alewife__Pomolobus_pseudoharengus  shad-like food fish that runs rivers to spawn; often salted or smoked; sometimes placed in genus Pomolobus
                    member:  genus_Pomolobus__Pomolobus  genus to which the alewife is sometimes assigned
                    member:  genus_Brevoortia__Brevoortia  menhaden
                       member:  menhaden__Brevoortia_tyrannis  shad-like North American marine fishes used for fish meal and oil and fertilizer
                    member:  genus_Clupea__Clupea  type genus of the Clupeidae: typical herrings
                       member:  Clupea_harangus__herring  commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific
                       member:  Atlantic_herring__Clupea_harengus_harengus  important food fish; found in enormous shoals in North Atlantic
                       member:  Pacific_herring__Clupea_harengus_pallasii  important food fish of the north Pacific
                       member:  Clupea_sprattus__brisling__sprat  small herring processed like a sardine
                    member:  genus_Sardina__Sardina__genus_Sardinia  pilchards
                       member:  Sardina_pilchardus__pilchard__sardine  small fishes found in great schools along coasts of Europe; smaller and rounder than herring
                    member:  genus_Sardinops__Sardinops  pilchards
                       member:  Pacific_sardine__Sardinops_caerulea  small pilchards common off the pacific coast of North America
                 member:  family_Engraulidae__Engraulidae  anchovies
                    member:  anchovy  small herring-like plankton-feeding fishes often canned whole or as paste; abundant in tropical waters worldwide
                 member:  family_Salmonidae__Salmonidae  salmon and trout
                    member:  salmonid  soft-finned fishes of cold and temperate waters
                    member:  salmon  any of various large food and game fishes of northern waters; usually migrate from salt to fresh water to spawn
                    member:  genus_Salmo__Salmo  type genus of the Salmonidae: salmon and trout
                       member:  Salmo_salar__Atlantic_salmon  found in northern coastal Atlantic waters or tributaries; adults do not die after spawning
                       member:  brown_trout__browntrout__salmon_trout__Salmo_trutta  speckled trout of European rivers; introduced in North America
                       member:  Salmo_gairdneri__rainbow_trout__rainbowtrout  found in Pacific coastal waters and streams from lower California to Alaska
                    member:  genus_Onchorynchus__Onchorynchus  sockeye salmon; chinook salmon; coho salmon
                       member:  blueback_salmon__sockeye__sockeyesalmon__redsalmon__Onchorynchus_nerka  small salmon with red flesh; found in rivers and tributaries of the north Pacific and valued as food; adults die after spawning
                       member:  quinnat_salmon__quinnatsalmon__chinook__chinooksalmon__king_salmon__Onchorynchus_tshawtscha  large Pacific salmon valued as food; adults die after spawning
                       member:  blue_jack__coho__cohoe__coho_salmon__silver_salmon__Onchorynchus_kisutch  small salmon of north Pacific coasts and the Great Lakes
                    member:  genus_Salvelinus__Salvelinus  brook trout
                       member:  Salvelinus_namaycush__lake_trout__salmon_trout  large fork-tailed trout of lakes of Canada and the northern United States
                       member:  Salvelinus_fontinalis__brook_trout__speckled_trout  North American freshwater trout; introduced in Europe
                       member:  char  any of several small-scaled trout
                 member:  family_Coregonidae__Coregonidae  soft-finned fishes comprising the freshwater whitefishes; formerly included in the family Salmonidae
                    member:  whitefish  silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere
                    member:  genus_Coregonus__Coregonus  type genus of the Coregonidae: whitefishes
                       member:  lake_whitefish__Coregonus_clupeaformis  found in Great Lakes and north to Alaska
                       member:  Coregonus_artedi__cisco__lake_herring  important food fish of cold deep lakes of North America
                    member:  genus_Prosopium__Prosopium  whitefishes
                       member:  round_whitefish__Menominee_whitefish__Prosopium_cylindraceum  bronze-backed whitefish of northern North America and Siberia
                       member:  Rocky_Mountain_whitefish__Prosopium_williamsonii  whitefish of the western United States and Canada
                 member:  family_Osmeridae__Osmeridae  smelts
                    member:  smelt  small trout-like silvery marine or freshwater food fishes of cold northern waters
                    member:  genus_Osmerus__Osmerus  type genus of the Osmeridae
                       member:  rainbow_smelt__rainbowsmelt__Osmerus_mordax  important marine and landlocked food fish of eastern North America and Alaska
                       member:  Osmerus_eperlanus__sparling__European_smelt  the common smelt of Europe
                    member:  genus_Mallotus__Mallotus  capelins
                       member:  capelin__capelan__caplin  very small northern fish; forage for sea birds and marine mammals and other fishes
                 member:  family_Elopidae__Elopidae  tarpons and ladyfishes
                    member:  genus_Tarpon  tarpons
                       member:  tarpon__Tarpon_atlanticus  large silvery game fish of warm Atlantic coastal waters especially off Florida
                    member:  genus_Elops__Elops  type genus of the Elopidae: tenpounder
                       member:  ladyfish__tenpounder__Elops_saurus  game fish resembling the tarpon but smaller
                 member:  family_Albulidae__Albulidae  bonefish
                    member:  genus_Albula__Albula  type and sole genus of the family Albulidae
                       member:  bonefish__Albula_vulpes  slender silvery marine fish found in tropical mud flats and mangrove lagoons
                 member:  family_Argentinidae__Argentinidae  small marine soft-finned fishes with long silvery bodies; related to salmons and trouts
                    member:  genus_Argentina__Argentina  type genus of the Argentinidae: argentines
                       member:  argentine  any of various small silver-scaled salmon-like marine fishes
                 member:  family_Myctophidae__Myctophidae  deep-sea fishes comprising the lantern fishes
                    member:  lanternfish  small fish having rows of luminous organs along each side; some surface at night
              member:  family_Synodontidae__Synodontidae  soft-finned bottom-dwelling fishes
                 member:  lizardfish__snakefish  tropical fishes with large mouths in lizard-like heads; found worldwide
              member:  family_Chlorophthalmidae__Chlorophthalmidae  small family of soft-finned bottom-livers with large eyes; relatives of lizardfishes
                 member:  greeneye  bottom-livers having large eyes with metallic green luster
              member:  family_Lampridae__Lampridae  opahs
                 member:  genus_Lampris__Lampris  type genus of the Lampridae
                    member:  opah__moonfish__Lampris_regius  large elliptical brightly colored deep-sea fish of Atlantic and Pacific and Mediterranean
                    member:  New_World_opah__Lampris_guttatus  from Nova Scotia to West Indies and Gulf of Mexico
              member:  family_Trachipteridae__Trachipteridae  ribbonfishes
                 member:  ribbonfish  marine fish having a long compressed ribbon-like body
                 member:  genus_Trachipterus__Trachipterus  type genus of the Trachipteridae
                    member:  dealfish__Trachipterus_arcticus  deep-sea ribbonfish
              member:  family_Regalecidae__Regalecidae  ribbonfishes
                 member:  Reglaecus__genus_Regalecus  type genus of the Regalecidae
                    member:  oarfish__king_of_the_herring__ribbonfish__Regalecus_glesne  thin deep-water tropical fish 20 to 30 feet long having a red dorsal fin
           member:  order_Solenichthyes__Solenichthyes  bellows fishes; shrimpfishes; cornetfishes; pipefishes; small order of chiefly tropical marine fishes of varied and bizarre form all having a small mouth at the end of a drawn-out tubular snout
              member:  family_Fistulariidae__Fistulariidae  cornetfishes
                 member:  genus_Fistularia__Fistularia  type genus of the family Fistulariidae
                    member:  cornetfish  slender tropical fish with a long tubular snout and bony plates instead of scales
              member:  family_Gasterosteidae__Gasterosteidae  sticklebacks
                 member:  stickleback__prickleback  small (2-4 inches) pugnacious mostly scaleless spiny-backed fishes of northern fresh and littoral waters having elaborate courtship; subjects of much research
                 member:  Gasterosteus__genus_gasterosteus  type genus of the family Gasterosteidae
                    member:  three-spined_stickleback__Gasterosteus_aculeatus  of rivers and coastal regions
                    member:  ten-spined_stickleback__Gasterosteus_pungitius  confined to rivers
              member:  family_Syngnathidae__Syngnathidae  pipefishes
                 member:  pipefish__needlefish  fish with long tubular snout and slim body covered with bony plates
                 member:  genus_Syngnathus__Syngnathus  type genus of the family Syngnathidae
                    member:  dwarf_pipefish__dwarfpipefish__Syngnathus_hildebrandi  small (4 inches) fish found off Florida gulf coast
                 member:  genus_Cosmocampus__Cosmocampus  a genus of fish in the family Syngnathidae
                    member:  deepwater_pipefish__deepwaterpipefish__Cosmocampus_profundus  8 inches; from eastern Florida to western Caribbean
                 member:  genus_Hippocampus__Hippocampus  seahorses
                    member:  seahorse__sea_horse__seahorse  small fish with horselike heads bent sharply downward and curled tails; swim in upright position
              member:  family_Macrorhamphosidae__Macrorhamphosidae  bellows fishes
                 member:  snipefish__bellows_fish__bellowsfish  small bottom-dwelling fish of warm seas having a compressed body and a long snout with a toothless mouth
              member:  family_Centriscidae__Centriscidae  shrimpfishes
                 member:  shrimpfish  slender tropical shallow-water East Indian fish covered with transparent plates
              member:  family_Aulostomidae__Aulostomidae  trumpetfishes
                 member:  genus_Aulostomus__Aulostomus  type genus of the Aulostomidae
                    member:  trumpetfish__aulostomusmaculatu  tropical Atlantic fish with a long snout; swims snout down
           member:  leptocephalus__leptocephalu  slender transparent larva of eels and certain fishes
           member:  teleost_fish__teleostfish__teleost__teleostan  a bony fish of the subclass Teleostei
           member:  genus_Alepisaurus__Alepisaurus  slender scaleless predaceous tropical deep-sea fishes
              member:  lancetfish__lancet_fish__wolffish  large elongate scaleless oceanic fishes with sharp teeth and a long sail-like dorsal fin
              member:  handsaw_fish__handsawfish  a soft-finned fish of the genus Alepisaurus
           member:  order_Synentognathi__Synentognathi  order of fishes having spineless fins; needlefishes; sauries; flying fishes; halfbeaks
              member:  family_Belonidae__Belonidae  ferocious fishes of warm regions resembling but unrelated to the freshwater gars
                 member:  needlefish__gar__billfish  elongate European surface-dwelling predacious fishes with long toothed jaws; abundant in coastal waters
              member:  family_Exocoetidae__Exocoetidae  flying fishes; closely related to the halfbeaks
                 member:  flying_fish  tropical marine fishes having enlarged winglike fins used for brief gliding flight
              member:  family_Hemiramphidae__Hemiramphidae  halfbeaks; marine and freshwater fishes closely related to the flying fishes but not able to glide
                 member:  halfbeak  tropical and subtropical marine and freshwater fishes having an elongated body and long protruding lower jaw
              member:  family_Scomberesocidae__Scomberesocidae__Scombresocidae__family_Scombresocidae  only sauries
                 member:  genus_Scomberesox__Scomberesox__Scombresox__genus_Scombresox  a genus of Scomberesocidae
                    member:  saury__billfish__Scomberesox_saurus  slender long-beaked fish of temperate Atlantic waters
           member:  superorder_Acanthopterygii__Acanthopterygii  teleost fishes having fins with sharp bony rays
              member:  order_Berycomorphi__Berycomorphi  an order of spiny-finned fish in the superorder Acanthopterygii
                 member:  family_Holocentridae__Holocentridae  squirrelfishes and soldierfishes
                    member:  genus_Holocentrus__Holocentrus  type genus of the family Holocentridae; squirrelfishes
                       member:  reef_squirrelfish__Holocentrus_coruscus  on reefs from Bermuda and Florida to northern South America
                       member:  deepwater_squirrelfish__deepwatersquirrelfish__Holocentrus_bullisi  a squirrelfish found from South Carolina to Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico
                       member:  Holocentrus_ascensionis  bright red fish of West Indies and Bermuda
                    member:  squirrelfish  very small brightly colored (especially red) nocturnal fishes of shallow waters of tropical reefs; they make sounds like a squirrel's bark
                 member:  family_Anomalopidae__Anomalopidae  a family of fish including: flashlight fishes
                    member:  genus_Anomalops  type genus of the family Anomalopidae
                       member:  anomalops__anomalop__flashlight_fish  fish having a luminous organ beneath eye; of warm waters of the western Pacific and Puerto Rico
                    member:  genus_Krypterophaneron__Krypterophaneron  a genus of fish in the family Anomalopidae
                    member:  genus_Photoblepharon__Photoblepharon  a genus of fish in the family Anomalopidae
              member:  order_Zeomorphi__Zeomorphi  dories
                 member:  family_Zeidae__Zeidae  a family of fish in the order Zeomorphi
                    member:  dory  marine fishes widely distributed in mid-waters and deep slope waters
                    member:  genus_Zeus__Zeus  type genus of the family Zeidae
                       member:  John_dory__Zeus_faber  European dory
                 member:  family_Caproidae__Caproidae  boarfishes
                    member:  genus_Capros__Capros  a genus of fish in the family Caproidae
                       member:  Capros_aper__boarfish  fish with a projecting snout
                    member:  genus_Antigonia__Antigonia  a genus of fish in the family Caproidae
                       member:  boarfish  fish with large eyes and long snouts
              member:  order_Pediculati__Pediculati  anglers and batfishes; spiny-finned marine fishes having pectoral fins at the ends of armlike processes and a long movable spine on the dorsal fin to lure prey to the large mouth
                 member:  family_Ogcocephalidae__Ogcocephalidae  batfishes: sluggish bottom-dwelling spiny fishes
                    member:  batfish  bottom-dweller of warm western Atlantic coastal waters having a flattened scaleless body that crawls about on fleshy pectoral and pelvic fins
                 member:  family_Lophiidae__Lophiidae  large-headed marine fishes comprising the anglers
                    member:  genus_Lophius__Lophius  type genus of family Lophiidae
                    member:  goosefish__angler__anglerfish__angler_fish__monkfish__lotte__allmouth__Lophius_Americanus  fishes having large mouths with a wormlike filament attached for luring prey
                 member:  family_Batrachoididae__Batrachoididae  toadfishes; related to anglers and batfishes
                    member:  toadfish__Opsanus_tau  bottom-dwelling fish having scaleless slimy skin and a broad thick head with a wide mouth
                 member:  family_Antennariidae__Antennariidae  frogfishes; tropical spiny-finned marine fishes having large nearly vertical mouths; related to toadfishes and anglers
                    member:  frogfish  fish having a frog-like mouth with a lure on the snout
                    member:  sargassum_fish__sargassumfish  small fantastically formed and colored fishes found among masses of sargassum
              member:  spiny-finned_fish__acanthopterygian  a teleost fish with fins that are supported by sharp inflexible rays
              member:  order_Perciformes__Perciformes__Percomorphi__order_Percomorphi  one of the largest natural groups of fishes of both marine and fresh water: true perches; basses; tuna
                 member:  suborder_Percoidea__Percoidea  in some classifications nearly or exactly equivalent to the Perciformes which are considered a suborder
                    member:  family_Sillaginidae__Sillaginidae  small family of small food fishes in shallow waters of the Pacific around Indonesia
                       member:  genus_Sillago__Sillago  type genus of the Sillaginidae
                          member:  whiting.percoid_fish  a small fish of the genus Sillago; excellent food fish
                 member:  percoid_fish__percoidfish__percoid__percoidean  any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of the order Perciformes
                 member:  perch.percoid_fish  any of numerous spiny-finned fishes of various families of the order Perciformes
                 member:  family_Percidae__Percidae  active freshwater fishes; true perches and pike perches
                    member:  perch_flesh__perch  spiny-finned freshwater food and game fishes
                    member:  genus_Perca__Perca  type genus of the Percidae
                       member:  yellow_perch__Perca_flavescens  North American perch
                       member:  European_perch__Perca_fluviatilis  a perch native to Europe
                    member:  genus_Stizostedion__Stizostedion  pikeperches
                       member:  pikeperch__pike_perch  any of several pike-like fishes of the perch family
                    member:  genus_Percina__Percina  a genus of Percidae
                       member:  snail_darter__snaildarter__Percina_tanasi  3-inch snail-eating perch of the Tennessee River
                 member:  family_Trichodontidae__Trichodontidae  two species of elongate compressed scaleless large-eyed fishes that live in sand or mud
                    member:  sandfish  either of two small silvery scaleless fishes of the north Pacific that burrow into sand
                 member:  family_Ophidiidae__Ophidiidae  eel-like marine fishes
                    member:  cusk-eel  elongate compressed somewhat eel-shaped fishes
                 member:  family_Brotulidae__Brotulidae  chiefly deep-sea fishes related to the Ophidiidae
                    member:  brotula  deep-sea fishes
                 member:  family_Carapidae__Carapidae  pearlfishes: related to the Brotulidae
                    member:  pearlfish  found living within the alimentary canals of e.g. sea cucumbers or between the shells of pearl oysters in or near shallow seagrass beds
                 member:  family_Centropomidae__Centropomidae  a family of fish or the order Perciformes including robolos
                    member:  robolo  a kind of percoid fish
                    member:  genus_Centropomus__Centropomus  type genus of the Centropomidae: snooks
                    member:  snook  large tropical American food and game fishes of coastal and brackish waters; resemble pike
                 member:  family_Esocidae__Esocidae  pikes; pickerels; muskellunges
                    member:  genus_Esox__Esox  type and only genus of the family Esocidae
                       member:  pike  any of several elongate long-snouted freshwater game and food fishes widely distributed in cooler parts of the northern hemisphere
                 member:  family_Centrarchidae__Centrarchidae  sunfish family
                    member:  centrarchid__sunfish  small carnivorous freshwater percoid fishes of North America usually having a laterally compressed body and metallic luster: crappies; black bass; bluegills; pumpkinseed
                    member:  genus_Pomoxis__Pomoxis  crappies
                       member:  crappie  small sunfishes of central United States rivers
                    member:  genus_Lepomis__Lepomis  bream
                       member:  pumpkinseed__Lepomis_gibbosus  small brilliantly colored North American sunfish
                       member:  bluegill__Lepomis_macrochirus  important edible sunfish of eastern and central United States
                       member:  spotted_sunfish__spottedsunfish__stumpknocker__Lepomis_punctatus  inhabits streams from South Carolina to Florida; esteemed panfish
                    member:  genus_Ambloplites__Ambloplites  a genus of Centrarchidae
                       member:  rock_bass__rock_sunfish__Ambloplites_rupestris  game and food fish of upper Mississippi and Great Lakes
                    member:  freshwater_bass  North American food and game fish
                    member:  genus_Micropterus__Micropterus  American freshwater black basses
                       member:  black_bass  widely distributed and highly prized American freshwater game fishes (sunfish family)
                 member:  freshwater_bream__bream  any of various usually edible freshwater percoid fishes having compressed bodies and shiny scales; especially (but not exclusively) of the genus Lepomis
                 member:  family_Serranidae__Serranidae  marine fishes: sea basses; sea perches; groupers; jewfish
                    member:  serranid_fish__serranid  marine food sport fishes mainly of warm coastal waters
                    member:  genus_Morone__Morone  carnivorous fresh and salt water fishes
                       member:  white_perch__whiteperch__silver_perch__Morone_americana  small silvery food and game fish of eastern United States streams
                       member:  yellow_bass__Morone_interrupta  North American freshwater bass resembling the larger marine striped bass
                    member:  sea_bass  any of various food and sport fishes of the United States Atlantic coast having an elongated body and long spiny dorsal fin
                    member:  genus_Synagrops__Synagrops  a genus of Serranidae
                       member:  blackmouth_bass__Synagrops_bellus  small marine fish with black mouth and gill cavity
                    member:  genus_Centropristis__Centropristis  sea basses
                       member:  rock_sea_bass__rock_bass__Centropristis_philadelphica  a kind of sea bass
                       member:  black_sea_bass__black_bass__Centropistes_striata  bluish black-striped sea bass of the Atlantic coast of the United States
                    member:  genus_Roccus__Roccus  a genus of Serranidae
                       member:  Roccus_saxatilis__striped_bass__striper__rockfish  marine food and game fish with dark longitudinal stripes; migrates upriver to spawn; sometimes placed in the genus Morone
                    member:  genus_Polyprion__Polyprion  wreckfish
                       member:  stone_bass__wreckfish__Polyprion_americanus  brown fish of the Atlantic and Mediterranean found around rocks and shipwrecks
                    member:  genus_Serranus__Serranus  type genus of the Serranidae: mostly small Pacific sea basses
                       member:  belted_sandfish__Serranus_subligarius  found in warm shallow waters of western Atlantic
                    member:  genus_Epinephelus__Epinephelus  genus of groupers or sea bass
                       member:  Epinephelus_fulvus__coney  black-spotted usually dusky-colored fish with reddish fins
                       member:  hind.grouper  any of several mostly spotted fishes that resemble groupers
                       member:  rock_hind__Epinephelus_adscensionis  found around rocky coasts or on reefs
                    member:  genus_Paranthias__Paranthias  a genus of Serranidae
                       member:  creole-fish__Paranthias_furcifer  deep-sea fish of tropical Atlantic
                    member:  genus_Mycteroperca__Mycteroperca  groupers
                       member:  jewfish__mycteropercabonaci  large dark grouper with a thick head and rough scales
                    member:  genus_Rypticus__Rypticus  a genus of fish of the family Serranidae, including soapfishes
                       member:  soapfish  fishes with slimy mucus-covered skin; found in warm American Atlantic coastal waters
                 member:  family_Embiotocidae__Embiotocidae  viviparous percoid fishes comprising the surf fishes
                    member:  surfperch__surffish__surf_fish  small to medium-sized shallow-water fishes of the North American Pacific coast
                    member:  genus_Hipsurus__Hipsurus  a genus of Embiotocidae
                       member:  rainbow_seaperch__rainbowseaperch__rainbow_perch__rainbowperch__Hipsurus_caryi  Pacific coast fish
                 member:  family_Priacanthidae__Priacanthidae  small carnivorous percoid fishes found worldwide in tropical seas
                    member:  genus_Priacanthus__Priacanthus  type genus of the Priacanthidae
                       member:  bigeye  red fishes of American coastal tropical waters having very large eyes and rough scales
                       member:  catalufa__Priacanthus_arenatus  brightly colored carnivorous fish of western Atlantic and West Indies waters
                 member:  family_Apogonidae__Apogonidae  bright-colored marine fishes that incubate eggs in the mouth
                    member:  cardinalfish  small red fishes of coral reefs and inshore tropical waters
                    member:  genus_Apogon__Apogon  type genus of the Apogonidae
                    member:  genus_Astropogon__Astropogon  a genus of fish of the family Apogonidae
                 member:  family_Malacanthidae__Malacanthidae  short-headed marine fishes; often brightly colored
                    member:  genus_Lopholatilus__Lopholatilus  large brightly colored food fish of deep Atlantic waters
                       member:  tilefish__Lopholatilus_chamaeleonticeps  yellow-spotted violet food fish of warm deep waters
                 member:  family_Pomatomidae__Pomatomidae  food and game fishes related to pompanos
                    member:  genus_Pomatomus__Pomatomus  type genus of the Pomatomidae
                       member:  Pomatomus_saltatrix__bluefish  bluish warm-water marine food and game fish that follow schools of small fishes into shallow waters
                 member:  family_Rachycentridae__Rachycentridae  family of pelagic fishes containing solely the cobia
                    member:  genus_Rachycentron__Rachycentron  genus and family are coextensive and comprise only the cobia
                       member:  cobia__Rachycentron_canadum__sergeant_fish  large dark-striped tropical food and game fish related to remoras; found worldwide in coastal to open waters
                 member:  family_Carangidae__Carangidae  large family of narrow-bodied marine food fishes with widely forked tails; chiefly of warm seas
                    member:  carangid_fish__carangid  a percoid fish of the family Carangidae
                    member:  genus_Caranx__Caranx  type genus of the Carangidae
                    member:  jack  any of several fast-swimming predacious fishes of tropical to warm-temperate seas
                    member:  genus_Elagatis__Elagatis  a genus of Carangidae
                    member:  genus_Oligoplites__Oligoplites  leatherjackets
                       member:  leatherjack__leatherjacket  any of several New World tropical fishes having tiny embedded scales
                    member:  genus_Alectis__Alectis  a genus of Carangidae
                       member:  threadfish__Alectis_ciliaris  fish having greatly elongated front rays on dorsal and anal fins
                    member:  genus_Selene__Selene  a genus of Carangidae
                    member:  genus_Seriola__Seriola  a genus of Carangidae
                       member:  amberjack__amberfish  any of several amber to coppery fork-tailed warm-water carangid fishes
                       member:  yellowtail__Seriola_dorsalis  game fish of S California and Mexico having a yellow tail fin
                       member:  banded_rudderfish__rudderfish__Seriola_zonata  fish having the habit of following ships; found in North and South American coastal waters
                    member:  genus_Trachinotus__Trachinotus  a genus of Carangidae
                       member:  pompano  any of several deep-bodied food fishes of western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
                    member:  genus_Naucrates__Naucrates  a genus of Carangidae
                       member:  pilotfish__Naucrates_ductor  small pelagic fish often accompanying sharks or mantas
                    member:  scad  any of a number of fishes of the family Carangidae
                    member:  genus_Trachurus__Trachurus  scads especially horse mackerels
                    member:  genus_Selar__Selar  big-eyed scad
                       member:  bigeye_scad__big-eyed_scad__goggle-eye__Selar_crumenophthalmus  of Atlantic coastal waters; commonly used for bait
                    member:  genus_Decapterus__Decapterus  scads especially mackerel scad; cosmopolitan
                       member:  mackerel_scad__mackerel_shad__Decapterus_macarellus  small silvery fish; Nova Scotia to Brazil
                       member:  round_scad__roundscad__cigarfish__quiaquia__Decapterus_punctatus  small fusiform fish of western Atlantic
                 member:  family_Coryphaenidae__Coryphaenidae  large active pelagic percoid fish
                    member:  mahimahi__dolphinfish__dolphin  large slender food and game fish widely distributed in warm seas (especially around Hawaii)
                 member:  family_Bramidae__Bramidae  deep-bodied percoid fishes of the open seas
                    member:  genus_Brama__Brama  type genus of the Bramidae
                       member:  pomfret__Brama_raii  deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of North Atlantic and North Pacific; valued for food
                 member:  family_Branchiostegidae__Branchiostegidae  small family of marine fishes having covered gills
                    member:  blanquillo__tilefish  important marine food fishes
                 member:  family_Cichlidae__Cichlidae  cichlids
                    member:  cichlid_fish__cichlidfish__cichlid  freshwater fishes of tropical America and Africa and Asia similar to American sunfishes; some are food fishes; many small ones are popular in aquariums
                    member:  genus_Tilapia__Tilapia  a genus of Cichlidae
                 member:  family_Lutjanidae__Lutjanidae  snappers
                    member:  snapper  any of several large sharp-toothed marine food and sport fishes of the family Lutjanidae of mainly tropical coastal waters
                    member:  genus_Lutjanus__Lutjanus  type genus of the Lutjanidae: snappers
                       member:  Lutjanus_blackfordi__red_snapper  esteemed food fish with pinkish red head and body; common in American Atlantic coastal waters and Gulf of Mexico
                       member:  gray_snapper__mangrove_snapper__Lutjanus_griseus  found in shallow waters off the coast of Florida
                       member:  Lutjanus_apodus__schoolmaster  food fish of warm Caribbean and Atlantic waters
                    member:  genus_Ocyurus__Ocyurus  snappers
                       member:  yellowtail_snapper__yellowtail__Ocyurus_chrysurus  superior food fish of the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean with broad yellow stripe along the sides and on the tail
                 member:  family_Haemulidae__Haemulidae  grunts
                    member:  grunt  medium-sized tropical marine food fishes that utter a grunting sound when caught
                    member:  genus_Haemulon__Haemulon  type genus of the Haemulidae
                       member:  margate__Haemulon_album  red-mouthed grunt found from Florida to Brazil
                       member:  Spanish_grunt__Haemulon_macrostomum  a kind of grunt
                       member:  tomtate__Haemulon_aurolineatum  found off the West Indies and Florida
                       member:  cottonwick__Haemulon_malanurum  of warm Atlantic waters
                       member:  sailor's-choice__sailors_choice__sailorschoice__Haemulon_parra  found from Florida to Brazil and Gulf of Mexico
                    member:  genus_Anisotremus__Anisotremus  a genus of Haemulidae
                       member:  porkfish__Anisotremus_virginicus  black and gold grunt found from Bermuda to Caribbean to Brazil
                    member:  genus_Orthopristis__Orthopristis  a genus of Haemulidae
                       member:  pigfish__hogfish__Orthopristis_chrysopterus  found from Long Island southward
                 member:  family_Sparidae__Sparidae  porgies; scups
                    member:  sparid_fish__sparid  spiny-finned food fishes of warm waters having well-developed teeth
                    member:  genus_Pagrus__Pagrus  a genus of Sparidae
                       member:  red_porgy__redporgy__Pagrus_pagrus  food fish of the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe and America
                    member:  genus_Pagellus__Pagellus  sea breams
                       member:  European_sea_bream__Pagellus_centrodontus  food fish of European coastal waters
                    member:  genus_Archosargus__Archosargus  a genus of Sparidae
                       member:  Atlantic_sea_bream__Archosargus_rhomboidalis  sea bream of warm Atlantic waters
                       member:  sheepshead__Archosargus_probatocephalus  large (up to 20 lbs) food fish of the eastern coast of the United States and Mexico
                    member:  genus_Lagodon__Lagodon  a genus of Sparidae
                       member:  pinfish__sailor's-choice__squirrelfish__Lagodon_rhomboides  similar to sea bream; small spiny-finned fish found in bays along the southeastern coast of the United States
                    member:  Calamus__genus_Calamus  a genus of Sparidae
                       member:  sheepshead_porgy__Calamus_penna  from Florida and Bahamas to Brazil
                    member:  genus_Chrysophrys__Chrysophrys  australian snapper
                       member:  Chrysophrys_auratus__snapper  Australian food fish having a pinkish body with blue spots
                       member:  black_bream__blackbream__Chrysophrys_australis  important dark-colored edible food and game fish of Australia
                    member:  genus_Stenotomus__Stenotomus  scups
                 member:  sea_bream__seabream__bream  any of numerous marine percoid fishes especially (but not exclusively) of the family Sparidae
                 member:  family_Sciaenidae__Sciaenidae  warm-water marine fishes including the drums and grunts and croakers and sea trout
                    member:  sciaenid_fish__sciaenid  widely distributed family of carnivorous percoid fishes having a large air bladder used to produce sound
                    member:  genus_Equetus__Equetus  drumfish
                       member:  striped_drum__stripeddrum__Equetus_pulcher  a kind of drumfish
                       member:  jackknife-fish__jackknifefish__Equetus_lanceolatus  black-and-white drumfish with an erect elongated dorsal fin
                    member:  genus_Bairdiella__Bairdiella  drumfish
                       member:  silver_perch__mademoiselle__Bairdiella_chrysoura  small silvery drumfish often mistaken for white perch; found along coasts of United States from New York to Mexico
                    member:  genus_Sciaenops__Sciaenops  a genus of Sciaenidae
                       member:  red_drum__reddrum__channel_bass__redfish__Sciaenops_ocellatus  large edible fish found off coast of United States from Massachusetts to Mexico
                    member:  genus_Sciaena__Sciaena  type genus of the Sciaenidae: croakers
                       member:  mulloway__jewfish__sciaenaantarctica  large important food fish of Australia; almost indistinguishable from the maigre
                       member:  maigre__maiger__Sciaena_aquila  large European marine food fish
                    member:  genus_Micropogonias__Micropogonias  croakers
                       member:  Atlantic_croaker__Micropogonias_undulatus  silvery-bodied with dark markings and tiny barbels
                    member:  genus_Umbrina__Umbrina  croakers
                       member:  yellowfin_croaker__yellowfincroaker__surffish__surf_fish__Umbrina_roncador  fish of North American Pacific coast
                    member:  genus_Menticirrhus__Menticirrhus  kingfishes; whiting
                       member:  whiting  any of several food fishes of North American coastal waters
                       member:  kingfish  any of several food and game fishes of the drum family indigenous to warm Atlantic waters of the North American coast
                       member:  king_whiting__Menticirrhus_americanus  whiting of the southeastern coast of North America
                       member:  silver_whiting__Menticirrhus_littoralis  a dull silvery whiting of southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States
                    member:  genus_Genyonemus__Genyonemus  a genus of Sciaenidae
                       member:  chenfish__white_croaker__whitecroaker__kingfish__Genyonemus_lineatus  small silvery marine food fish found off California
                    member:  genus_Seriphus__Seriphus  a genus of Sciaenidae
                       member:  white_croaker__whitecroaker__queenfish__Seriphus_politus  silvery and bluish drumfish of shallow California coastal waters
                    member:  genus_Cynoscion__Cynoscion  sea trout
                       member:  Cynoscion_regalis__weakfish  food and game fish of North American coastal waters with a mouth from which hooks easily tear out
                       member:  spotted_weakfish__spottedweakfish__spotted_sea_trout__spottedseatrout__spotted_squeateague__spottedsqueateague__Cynoscion_nebulosus  weakfish of southern Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States
                 member:  family_Mullidae__Mullidae  goatfishes or red mullets
                    member:  mullet  bottom-dwelling marine warm-water fishes with two barbels on the chin
                    member:  genus_Mullus__Mullus  type genus of the Mullidae: goatfishes
                       member:  goatfish__red_mullet__redmullet__surmullet__Mullus_surmuletus  brightly colored tropical fishes with chin barbels
                       member:  red_goatfish__redgoatfish__mullusauratu  body bright scarlet with 2 yellow to reddish strips on side
                    member:  genus_Mulloidichthys__Mulloidichthys  a genus of Mullidae
                       member:  yellow_goatfish__Mulloidichthys_martinicus  schooling goatfish; grayish with yellow stripe
                 member:  suborder_Mugiloidea__Mugiloidea  fishes distinguished by abdominal pelvic fins: families Mugilidae; Atherinidae; Sphyraenidae
                    member:  family_Mugilidae__Mugilidae  gray mullets
                       member:  gray_mullet__mullet  freshwater or coastal food fishes a spindle-shaped body; found worldwide
                       member:  genus_Mugil__Mugil  type genus of the Mugilidae: mullets
                          member:  striped_mullet__stripedmullet__Mugil_cephalus  most important commercial mullet in eastern United States
                          member:  white_mullet__whitemullet__mugilcurema  silvery mullet of Atlantic and Pacific coasts
                          member:  Mugil_liza__liza  similar to the striped mullet and takes its place in the Caribbean region
                    member:  family_Atherinidae__Atherinidae  small spiny-finned fishes of both salt and fresh water
                       member:  silverside__silversides  small fishes having a silver stripe along each side; found along the Atlantic coast of the United States
                       member:  genus_Atherinopsis__Atherinopsis  a genus of Atherinidae
                          member:  jacksmelt__Atherinopsis_californiensis  large silversides of Pacific coast of North America
                    member:  family_Sphyraenidae__Sphyraenidae  monotypic family of large active fishes of tropical and subtropical waters: barracuda
                       member:  genus_Sphyraena__Sphyraena  type and sole genus of the Sphyraenidae: barracuda
                 member:  family_Kyphosidae__Kyphosidae  sea chubs
                    member:  sea_chub__seachub  schooling fishes mostly of Indian and western Pacific oceans; two species in western Atlantic
                    member:  genus_Kyphosus__Kyphosus  type genus of the Kyphosidae
                       member:  Bermuda_chub__rudderfish__Kyphosus_sectatrix  food and game fish around Bermuda and Florida; often follow ships
                 member:  family_Ephippidae__Ephippidae  small family comprising the spadefishes
                    member:  genus_Chaetodipterus__Chaetodipterus  a genus of Ephippidae
                       member:  spadefish__angelfish__Chaetodipterus_faber  deep-bodied disk-shaped food fish of warmer western Atlantic coastal waters
                 member:  family_Chaetodontidae__Chaetodontidae  butterfly fishes
                    member:  butterfly_fish__butterflyfish  small usually brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes having narrow deep bodies with large broad fins; found worldwide
                    member:  genus_Chaetodon  type genus of the Chaetodontidae
                       member:  chaetodon  any fish of the genus Chaetodon
                    member:  genus_Pomacanthus__Pomacanthus  angelfishes
                       member:  angelfish  a butterfly fish of the genus Pomacanthus
                 member:  family_Pomacentridae__Pomacentridae  damselfishes
                    member:  damselfish__demoiselle  small brilliantly colored tropical marine fishes of coral reefs
                    member:  genus_Pomacentrus__Pomacentrus  type genus of the Pomacentridae: damselfishes
                       member:  beaugregory__Pomacentrus_leucostictus  blue-and-yellow damselfish of Bermuda Florida and West Indies
                    member:  genus_Amphiprion__Amphiprion  damsel fishes
                       member:  anemone_fish__anemonefish  live associated with sea anemones
                       member:  clown_anemone_fish__clownanemonefish__Amphiprion_percula  an anemone fish of the genus Amphiprion
                    member:  genus_Abudefduf__Abudefduf  damsel fishes
                       member:  Abudefduf_saxatilis__sergeant_major  large blue-gray black-striped damselfish; nearly worldwide
                 member:  family_Labridae__Labridae  wrasses
                    member:  genus_Achoerodus__Achoerodus  a genus of Labridae
                       member:  giant_pigfish__giantpigfish__pigfish__Achoerodus_gouldii  found around the Great Barrier Reef
                    member:  genus_Lachnolaimus__Lachnolaimus  a genus of Labridae
                    member:  genus_Halicoeres__Halicoeres  a genus of Labridae
                       member:  slippery_dick__Halicoeres_bivittatus  small wrasse of tropical Atlantic
                       member:  puddingwife__Halicoeres_radiatus  bluish and bronze wrasse; found from Florida keys to Brazil
                    member:  genus_Thalassoma__Thalassoma  a genus of Labridae
                       member:  bluehead__Thalassoma_bifasciatum  small Atlantic wrasse the male of which has a brilliant blue head
                    member:  genus_Hemipteronatus__Hemipteronatus  razorfishes
                       member:  razorfish  any of several small wrasses with compressed sharp-edged heads of the West Indies and Mediterranean
                       member:  pearly_razorfish__Hemipteronatus_novacula  a kind of razorfish
                    member:  genus_Tautoga__Tautoga  tautogs
                       member:  tautog__blackfish__Tautoga_onitis  large dark-colored food fish of the Atlantic coast of North America
                    member:  genus_Tautogolabrus__Tautogolabrus  a genus of Labridae
                       member:  cunner__bergall__Tautogolabrus_adspersus  common in north Atlantic coastal waters of the United States
                 member:  family_Scaridae__Scaridae  parrotfishes
                    member:  parrotfish__pollyfish  gaudy tropical fishes with parrotlike beaks formed by fusion of teeth
                 member:  family_Polynemidae__Polynemidae  threadfins
                    member:  threadfin  mullet-like tropical marine fishes having pectoral fins with long threadlike rays
                    member:  genus_Polydactylus__Polydactylus  a genus of Polynemidae
                       member:  barbu__polydactylusvirginicu  found along western Atlantic coast
                 member:  family_Opisthognathidae__Opisthognathidae  jawfishes
                    member:  jawfish  small large-mouthed tropical marine fishes common along sandy bottoms; males brood egg balls in their mouths; popular aquarium fishes
                 member:  family_Uranoscopidae__Uranoscopidae  stargazers
                    member:  stargazer  heavy-bodied marine bottom-lurkers with eyes on flattened top of the head
                 member:  suborder_Blennioidea__Blennioidea  blennies; butterfishes; gunnels
                    member:  blennioid_fish__blennioidfish__blennioid  elongated mostly scaleless marine fishes with large pectoral fins and reduced pelvic fins
                    member:  family_Blenniidae__Blenniidae  a family of fish including: combtooth blennies
                       member:  combtooth_blenny__combtoothblenny__blenny  small usually scaleless fishes with comb-like teeth living about rocky shores; territorial and hole-dwelling
                       member:  genus_Blennius__Blennius  type genus of the Blenniidae
                          member:  shanny__Blennius_pholis  European scaleless blenny
                       member:  genus_Scartella__Scartella  a genus of Blenniidae
                          member:  Molly_Miller__Scartella_cristata  inhabits both coasts of tropical Atlantic
                    member:  family_Clinidae__Clinidae  viviparous blennies of temperate and tropical seas
                       member:  clinid_fish__clinid  mostly small blennioid fishes of coral reefs and seagrass beds
                       member:  genus_Chaenopsis__Chaenopsis  a genus of fish of the family Clinidae including pikeblennies
                          member:  pikeblenny  tropical American fishes; males are aggressively defensive of their territory
                          member:  bluethroat_pikeblenny__Chaenopsis_ocellata  found from Florida to Cuba
                    member:  family_Pholidae__Pholidae__family_Pholididae  a family of fish of suborder Blennioidea
                       member:  gunnel__bracketed_blenny__bracketedblenny  small eellike fishes common in shallow waters of the North Atlantic
                       member:  genus_Pholis__Pholis  type genus of the Pholidae: gunnels
                          member:  rock_gunnel__butterfish__Pholis_gunnellus  slippery scaleless food fish of North Atlantic coastal waters
                    member:  family_Stichaeidae__Stichaeidae  pricklebacks
                       member:  genus_Lumpenus__Lumpenus  a genus of Stichaeidae
                          member:  snakeblenny__Lumpenus_lumpretaeformis  found in Arctic and North Atlantic
                          member:  eelblenny  eellike fishes found in subarctic coastal waters
                       member:  genus_Cryptacanthodes__Cryptacanthodes  a genus of Stichaeidae
                          member:  wrymouth__ghostfish__Cryptacanthodes_maculatus  eellike Atlantic bottom fish with large almost vertical mouth
                    member:  family_Anarhichadidae__Anarhichadidae  wolffishes
                       member:  genus_Anarhichas__Anarhichas  type genus of the Anarhichadidae
                          member:  wolffish__wolf_fish__catfish  large ferocious northern deep-sea food fishes with strong teeth and no pelvic fins
                    member:  family_Zoarcidae__Zoarcidae  eelpouts
                       member:  eelpout__pout  marine eellike mostly bottom-dwelling fishes of northern seas
                       member:  genus_Zoarces__Zoarces  type genus of the Zoarcidae
                          member:  viviparous_eelpout__Zoarces_viviparus  an eelpout of northern Europe that is viviparous
                       member:  genus_Gymnelis__Gymnelis  a genus of Zoarcidae
                          member:  fish_doctor__Gymnelis_viridis  brightly colored scaleless Arctic eelpout
                       member:  genus_Macrozoarces__Macrozoarces  a genus of Zoarcidae
                          member:  ocean_pout__oceanpout__Macrozoarces_americanus  common along northeastern coast of North America
                 member:  family_Ammodytidae__Ammodytidae  sand lances
                    member:  genus_Ammodytes__Ammodytes  type genus of the Ammodytidae
                       member:  sand_lance__sand_launce__sand_eel__launce  very small silvery eellike schooling fishes that burrow into sandy beaches
                 member:  family_Callionymidae__Callionymidae  dragonets
                    member:  dragonet  small often brightly colored scaleless marine bottom-dwellers; found in tropical and warm-temperate waters of Europe and America
                 member:  family_Gobiidae__Gobiidae  gobies
                    member:  goby__gudgeon  small spiny-finned fish of coastal or brackish waters having a large head and elongated tapering body having the ventral fins modified as a sucker
                    member:  genus_Periophthalmus__Periophthalmus  a genus of Gobiidae
                       member:  mudskipper__mudspringer  found in tropical coastal regions of Africa and Asia; able to move on land on strong pectoral fins
                 member:  family_Eleotridae__Eleotridae  sleepers
                    member:  sleeper_goby__sleepergoby__sleeper  tropical fish that resembles a goby and rests quietly on the bottom in shallow water
                 member:  family_Percophidae__Percophidae  percoid flatheads
                    member:  flathead  pallid bottom-dwelling flat-headed fish with large eyes and a duck-like snout
                 member:  family_Toxotidae__Toxotidae  archerfishes
                    member:  genus_Toxotes__Toxotes  type genus of the Toxotidae
                       member:  archerfish__Toxotes_jaculatrix  any of several small freshwater fishes that catch insects by squirting water at them and knocking them into the water; found in Indonesia and Australia
                 member:  family_Microdesmidae__Microdesmidae  wormfishes
                    member:  wormfish  poorly known family of small tropical shallow-water fishes related to gobies
                 member:  family_Acanthuridae__Acanthuridae  surgeonfishes
                    member:  surgeonfish  brightly colored coral-reef fish with knifelike spines at the tail
                    member:  genus_Acanthurus__Acanthurus  type genus of the Acanthuridae: doctorfishes
                       member:  doctorfish__Acanthurus_chirurgus  surgeon fish of the West Indies
                 member:  family_Gempylidae__Gempylidae  snake mackerels
                    member:  gempylid  snake mackerels; elongated marine fishes with oily flesh; resembles mackerels; found worldwide
                    member:  genus_Gempylus__Gempylus  type genus of the Gempylidae
                    member:  snake_mackerel__snakemackerel__Gempylus_serpens  predatory tropical fishes with jutting jaws and strong teeth
                    member:  genus_Lepidocybium__Lepidocybium  a genus of Gempylidae
                       member:  escolar__Lepidocybium_flavobrunneum  large snake mackerel with rings like spectacles around its eyes
                 member:  family_Trichiuridae__Trichiuridae  cutlassfishes
                    member:  cutlassfish__frost_fish__frostfish__hairtail  long-bodied marine fishes having a long whiplike scaleless body and sharp teeth; closely related to snake mackerel
                 member:  suborder_Scombroidea__Scombroidea  mackerels; tunas; albacores; bonitos; swordfishes; sailfishes
                    member:  scombroid_fish__scombroidfish__scombroid  important marine food and game fishes found in all tropical and temperate seas; some are at least partially endothermic and can thrive in colder waters
                    member:  family_Scombridae__Scombridae  marine food fishes: mackerels; chub mackerels; tuna
                       member:  mackerel  any of various fishes of the family Scombridae
                       member:  genus_Scomber__Scomber  type genus of the Scombridae
                          member:  common_mackerel__shiner__Scomber_scombrus  important food fish of the North Atlantic and Mediterranean; its body is greenish-blue with dark bars and small if any scales
                          member:  Scomber_colias__Spanish_mackerel  medium-sized mackerel of temperate Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico
                          member:  chub_mackerel__tinker__Scomber_japonicus  small mackerel found nearly worldwide
                       member:  genus_Acanthocybium__Acanthocybium  wahoos
                          member:  Acanthocybium_solandri__wahoo  large fast-moving predacious food and game fish; found worldwide
                       member:  genus_Scomberomorus__Scomberomorus  Spanish mackerels
                          member:  Spanish_mackerel  any of several large marine food fishes of the genus Scomberomorus
                          member:  king_mackerel__cavalla__cero__Scomberomorus_cavalla  large mackerel with long pointed snout; important food and game fish of the eastern Atlantic coast south to Brazil
                          member:  Scomberomorus_maculatus  large commercially important mackerel of American Atlantic coastal waters
                          member:  cero__pintado__kingfish__Scomberomorus_regalis  large edible mackerel of temperate United States coastal Atlantic waters
                       member:  genus_Thunnus__Thunnus  tunas: warm-blooded fishes
                          member:  tuna__tunny  any very large marine food and game fish of the genus Thunnus; related to mackerel; chiefly of warm waters
                          member:  horse_mackerel__horsemackerel__bluefin__bluefin_tuna__bluefintuna__Thunnus_thynnus  largest tuna; to 1500 pounds; of mostly temperate seas: feed in polar regions but breed in tropics
                          member:  yellowfin_tuna__yellowfintuna__yellowfin__Thunnus_albacares  may reach 400 pounds; worldwide in tropics
                       member:  genus_Sarda__Sarda  bonitos
                          member:  bonito  any of various scombroid fishes intermediate in size and characteristics between mackerels and tunas
                          member:  skipjack__Atlantic_bonito__Sarda_sarda  medium-sized tuna-like food fish of warm Atlantic and Pacific waters; less valued than tuna
                          member:  Chile_bonito__Chilean_bonito__Sarda_chiliensis  common bonito of Pacific coast of the Americas; its dark oily flesh cans well
                          member:  Pacific_bonito__Sarda_lineolata__sardalineolata  probably a northern strain of Chile bonito
                       member:  genus_Euthynnus__Euthynnus  a genus of Scombridae
                          member:  skipjack_tuna__skipjack__Euthynnus_pelamis  oceanic schooling tuna of considerable value in Pacific but less in Atlantic; reaches 75 pounds; very similar to if not the same as oceanic bonito
                       member:  genus_Katsuwonus__Katsuwonus  oceanic bonitos; in some classifications placed in its own family Katsuwonidae
                          member:  oceanic_bonito__oceanicbonito__bonito__Katsuwonus_pelamis  fish whose flesh is dried and flaked for Japanese cookery; may be same species as skipjack tuna
                    member:  Katsuwonidae__family_Kasuwonidae  in some classifications considered a separate family comprising the oceanic bonitos
                    member:  family_Xiphiidae__Xiphiidae  comprising the common swordfishes
                       member:  genus_Xiphias__Xiphias  type genus of the Xiphiidae
                          member:  Xiphias_gladius__swordfish  large toothless marine food fish with a long swordlike upper jaw; not completely cold-blooded i.e. they are able to warm their brains and eyes: worldwide in warm waters but feed on cold ocean floor coming to surface at night
                    member:  family_Istiophoridae__Istiophoridae  sailfishes; spearfishes; marlins
                       member:  sailfish  large pelagic game fish having an elongated upper jaw and long sail-like dorsal fin
                       member:  genus_Istiophorus__Istiophorus  type genus of the Istiophoridae
                          member:  Atlantic_sailfish__Istiophorus_albicans  a kind of sailfish
                       member:  billfish  giant warm-water game fish having a prolonged and rounded toothless upper jaw
                       member:  genus_Makaira__Makaira  marlins
                          member:  marlin__spearfish  large long-jawed oceanic sport fishes; related to sailfishes and spearfishes; not completely cold-blooded i.e. able to warm their brains and eyes
                       member:  genus_Tetrapturus__Tetrapturus  a genus of Istiophoridae
                          member:  spearfish  any of several large vigorous pelagic fishes resembling sailfishes but with first dorsal fin much reduced; worldwide but rare
                    member:  family_Luvaridae__Luvaridae  louvars
                       member:  genus_Luvarus__Luvarus  type genus of the Luvaridae
                          member:  louvar__Luvarus_imperialis  large silvery fish found worldwide in warm seas but nowhere common; resembles a whale and feeds on plankton
                 member:  family_Stromateidae__Stromateidae  butterfishes: harvest fishes; dollar fishes
                    member:  stromateid_fish__butterfish__stromateid  small marine fish with a short smooth-scaled compressed body and feeble spines
                    member:  genus_Poronotus__Poronotus  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  dollarfish__Poronotus_triacanthus  small food fish of Atlantic coast
                    member:  genus_Palometa  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  palometa__California_pompano__Palometa_simillima  smaller than Florida pompano; common in West Indies
                    member:  genus_Paprilus__Paprilus  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  harvestfish__Paprilus_alepidotus  butterfish up to a foot long of Atlantic waters from Chesapeake Bay to Argentina
                    member:  genus_Psenes__Psenes  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  driftfish  small (6 inches) tropical butterfishes found worldwide
                    member:  genus_Ariomma__Ariomma  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  driftfish.stromateid_fish  larger driftfishes of eastern Atlantic from the New York area to the northern Gulf of Mexico
                    member:  genus_Tetragonurus__Tetragonurus  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  squaretail  sluggish square-tailed fish armored with tough bony scales; of deep warm waters
                    member:  genus_Hyperoglyphe__Hyperoglyphe  a genus of Stromateidae
                       member:  barrelfish__black_rudderfish__blackrudderfish__Hyperglyphe_perciformis  blackish fish of New England waters
                 member:  family_Gobiesocidae__Gobiesocidae  clingfishes
                    member:  genus_Gobiesox__Gobiesox  type genus of the Gobiesocidae
                    member:  clingfish  very small (to 3 inches) flattened marine fish with a sucking disc on the abdomen for clinging to rocks etc.
                 member:  family_Lobotidae__Lobotidae  tripletails
                    member:  genus_Lobotes__Lobotes  type genus of the Lobotidae
                       member:  tripletail  large food fish of warm waters worldwide having long anal and dorsal fins that with caudal fin suggest a three-lobed tail
                 member:  family_Gerreidae__Gerreidae__Gerridae__family_Gerridae  mojarras
                    member:  mojarra  small silvery schooling fishes with protrusible mouths found in warm coastal waters
                    member:  genus_Gerres__Gerres  type genus of the Gerreidae
                       member:  yellowfin_mojarra__yellowfinmojarra__Gerres_cinereus  popular panfish from Bermuda and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil
                    member:  genus_Eucinostomus__Eucinostomus  a genus of Gerreidae
                       member:  silver_jenny__Eucinostomus_gula  silvery mojarra found along sandy shores of the western Atlantic
              member:  order_Discocephali__Discocephali  small order of fishes comprising the remoras
                 member:  family_Echeneididae__Echeneididae__family_Echeneidae  fishes having a sucking disk on the head for clinging to other fishes and to ships
                    member:  remora__suckerfish__sucking_fish__suckingfish  marine fishes with a flattened elongated body and a sucking disk on the head for attaching to large fish or moving objects
                    member:  genus_Echeneis__Echeneis  type genus of the Echeneididae: typical remoras
                       member:  sharksucker__Echeneis_naucrates  remoras found attached to sharks
                    member:  genus_Remilegia__Remilegia  a genus of Echeneididae
                       member:  whalesucker__Remilegia_australis  large blue Pacific remora that attaches to whales and dolphins
              member:  order_Scleroparei__Scleroparei  scorpionfishes; sculpins; gurnards; greenlings; flying gurnards
                 member:  family_Agonidae__Agonidae  poachers
                    member:  sea_poacher__seapoacher__poacher__sea_poker__seapoker  small slender fish (to 8 inches) with body covered by bony plates; chiefly of deeper north Pacific waters
                    member:  genus_Agonus__Agonus  type genus of the Agonidae
                       member:  pogge__armed_bullhead__armedbullhead__Agonus_cataphractus  North Atlantic sea poacher
                    member:  genus_Aspidophoroides__Aspidophoroides  alligatorfishes
                       member:  alligatorfish__Aspidophoroides_monopterygius  small very elongate sea poachers
                 member:  family_Hexagrammidae__Hexagrammidae  greenlings
                    member:  greenling  food fish of the northern Pacific
                    member:  genus_Hexagrammos__Hexagrammos  type genus of the Hexagrammidae
                       member:  kelp_greenling__Hexagrammos_decagrammus  common food and sport fish of western coast of North America
                    member:  genus_Oxylebius__Oxylebius  a genus of Hexagrammidae
                       member:  painted_greenling__paintedgreenling__convictfish__Oxylebius_pictus  greenling with whitish body marked with black bands
                 member:  family_Dactylopteridae__Dactylopteridae  flying gurnards
                    member:  genus_Dactylopterus__Dactylopterus  a genus of Dactylopteridae
                    member:  flying_gurnard__flying_robin__butterflyfish  tropical fish with huge fanlike pectoral fins for underwater gliding; unrelated to searobins
              member:  suborder_Scorpaenoidea__Scorpaenoidea  mail-cheeked fishes: scorpionfishes; gurnards
                 member:  family_Ophiodontidae__Ophiodontidae  fishes closely related to greenlings
                    member:  genus_Ophiodon__Ophiodon  a genus of Ophiodontidae
                       member:  Ophiodon_elongatus__lingcod  food fish of Northern Pacific waters related to greenlings
                 member:  scorpaenoid_fish__scorpaenoidfish__scorpaenoid  fishes having the the head armored with bony plates
                 member:  family_Cottidae__Cottidae  sculpins
                    member:  genus_Cottus__Cottus  type genus of the Cottidae: sculpins
                       member:  bullhead.sculpin  freshwater sculpin with a large flattened bony-plated head with hornlike spines
                       member:  miller's-thumb  small freshwater sculpin of Europe and North America
                    member:  sculpin  any of numerous spiny large-headed broad-mouthed usually scaleless scorpaenoid fishes
                    member:  genus_Hemitripterus__Hemitripterus  sea ravens
                       member:  sea_raven__searaven__Hemitripterus_americanus  large sculpin of western Atlantic; inflates itself when caught
                    member:  genus_Myxocephalus__Myxocephalus  grubby
                       member:  grubby__Myxocephalus_aenaeus  small sculpin of the coast of New England
                 member:  family_Cyclopteridae__Cyclopteridae  lumpfishes
                    member:  genus_Cyclopterus__Cyclopterus  type genus of the Cyclopteridae: lumpfishes
                       member:  lumpfish__Cyclopterus_lumpus  clumsy soft thick-bodied North Atlantic fish with pelvic fins fused into a sucker; edible roe used for caviar
                 member:  family_Liparididae__Liparididae__Liparidae__family_Liparidae  snailfishes
                    member:  Liparis__genus_Liparis  type genus of the Liparididae: snailfishes
                       member:  snailfish__seasnail__sea_snail__seasnail__Liparis_liparis  small tadpole-shaped cold-water fishes with pelvic fins forming a sucker; related to lumpfish
                 member:  family_Platycephalidae__Platycephalidae  scorpaenoid flatheads
                    member:  flathead.scorpaenoid_fish  food fish of the Indonesian region of the Pacific; resembles gurnards
                 member:  family_Triglidae__Triglidae  in some classifications restricted to the gurnards and subdivided into the subfamilies Triglinae (true sea robins) and Peristediinae (armored sea robins)
                    member:  gurnard  bottom-dwelling coastal fishes with spiny armored heads and fingerlike pectoral fins used for crawling along the sea bottom
                    member:  genus_Triga__Triga  type genus of the Triglidae
                       member:  tub_gurnard__tubgurnard__yellow_gurnard__Trigla_lucerna  a kind of gurnard
                    member:  subfamily_Triglinae__Triglinae  in some classifications considered a subfamily of Triglidae comprising searobins having ordinary scales and no barbels (true searobins)
                    member:  genus_Prionotus__Prionotus  a genus of Triglidae
                       member:  northern_sea_robin__Prionotus_carolinus  large searobin; found from Nova Scotia to Florida
                    member:  subfamily_Peristediinae__Peristediinae  in some classifications considered a subfamily of Triglidae comprising the armored searobins
                    member:  genus_Peristedion__Peristedion  in some classifications the type genus of the subfamily Peristediinae: armored sea robins
                       member:  armored_searobin__armoredsearobin__armored_sea_robin__armoredsearobin__Peristedion_miniatum  sea robins having bony scutes on the body and barbels on the chin; found mostly on the continental slope
              member:  order_Plectognathi__Plectognathi__order_Tetraodontiformes  boxfishes; filefishes; globefishes; ocean sunfishes; triggerfishes; puffers
                 member:  plectognath_fish__plectognathfish__plectognath  tropical marine fishes having the teeth fused into a beak and thick skin covered with bony plates or spines
                 member:  family_Balistidae__Balistidae  triggerfishes
                    member:  triggerfish  any of numerous compressed deep-bodied tropical fishes with sandpapery skin and erectile spines in the first dorsal fin
                    member:  genus_Balistes__Balistes  type genus of the Balistidae
                       member:  queen_triggerfish__queentriggerfish__Bessy_cerca__oldwench__oldwife__balistesvetula  tropical Atlantic fish
                    member:  filefish  narrow flattened warm-water fishes with leathery skin and a long file-like dorsal spine
                 member:  family_Monocanthidae__Monocanthidae  filefishes
                    member:  genus_Monocanthus__Monocanthus  type genus of the Monocanthidae
                       member:  leatherfish__leatherjacket  any of several brightly colored tropical filefishes
                 member:  family_Ostraciidae__Ostraciidae__family_Ostraciontidae  boxfishes
                    member:  boxfish__trunkfish  any of numerous small tropical fishes having body and head encased in bony plates
                    member:  genus_Lactophrys__Lactophrys  a genus of Ostraciidae
                       member:  cowfish__Lactophrys_quadricornis  trunkfish having hornlike spines over the eyes
                 member:  family_Tetraodontidae__Tetraodontidae  puffers
                    member:  puffer__blowfish__globefish  any of numerous marine fishes whose elongated spiny body can inflate itself with water or air to form a globe; several species contain a potent nerve poison; closely related to spiny puffers
                 member:  family_Diodontidae__Diodontidae  spiny puffers
                    member:  spiny_puffer__spinypuffer  puffers having rigid or erectile spines
                    member:  genus_Diodon__Diodon  type genus of the Diodontidae
                       member:  porcupinefish__porcupine_fish__porcupinefish__Diodon_hystrix  spines become erect when the body is inflated; worldwide in warm waters
                       member:  balloonfish__Diodon_holocanthus  similar to but smaller than porcupinefish
                    member:  genus_Chilomycterus__Chilomycterus  burrfishes
                       member:  burrfish  any of several fishes having rigid flattened spines
                 member:  family_Molidae__Molidae  ocean sunfishes
                    member:  genus_Mola  type genus of the Molidae
                       member:  ocean_sunfish__oceansunfish__sunfish__headfish  among the largest bony fish; pelagic fish having an oval compressed body with high dorsal and anal fins and caudal fin reduced to a rudder-like lobe; worldwide in warm waters
              member:  order_Heterosomata__Heterosomata__order_Pleuronectiformes  flatfishes: halibut; sole; flounder; plaice; turbot; tonguefishes
                 member:  flatfish  any of several families of fishes having flattened bodies that swim along the sea floor on one side of the body with both eyes on the upper side
                 member:  family_Pleuronectidae__Pleuronectidae  righteye flounders
                    member:  righteye_flounder__righteyed_flounder__righteyedflounder  flounders with both eyes on the right side of the head
                    member:  genus_Pleuronectes__Pleuronectes  type genus of the Pleuronectidae
                       member:  Pleuronectes_platessa__plaice  large European food fish
                    member:  genus_Platichthys__Platichthys  a genus of Pleuronectidae
                       member:  European_flatfish__Platichthys_flesus  important food fish of Europe
                    member:  genus_Limanda__Limanda  a genus of Pleuronectidae
                       member:  Limanda_ferruginea__yellowtail_flounder  American flounder having a yellowish tail
                    member:  genus_Pseudopleuronectes__Pseudopleuronectes  a genus of Pleuronectidae
                    member:  genus_Microstomus__Microstomus  a genus of Pleuronectidae
                       member:  Microstomus_kitt__lemon_sole__lemonsole  European flatfish highly valued as food
                    member:  genus_Hippoglossoides__Hippoglossoides  a genus of Pleuronectidae
                    member:  genus_Hippoglossus__Hippoglossus  halibuts
                 member:  family_Bothidae__Bothidae  a family of fish of the order Heterosomata
                    member:  lefteye_flounder__lefteyeflounder__lefteyed_flounder  flatfishes with both eyes on the left side of the head
                    member:  genus_Paralichthys__Paralichthys  a genus of Bothidae
                       member:  southern_flounder__Paralichthys_lethostigmus  flounder of southern United States
                       member:  summer_flounder__Paralichthys_dentatus  flounder of eastern coast of North America
                    member:  genus_Etropus__Etropus  a genus of Bothidae
                       member:  gray_flounder__Etropus_rimosus  flounder found from North Carolina to Florida and the eastern Gulf of Mexico
                    member:  genus_Citharichthys__Citharichthys  a genus of Bothidae
                       member:  whiff.lefteye_flounder  a lefteye flounder found in coastal waters from New England to Brazil
                       member:  sand_dab  small food fishes of the Pacific coast of North America
                    member:  genus_Scophthalmus__Scophthalmus  a genus of Bothidae
                       member:  Scophthalmus_aquosus__windowpane  very thin translucent flounder of the Atlantic coast of North America
                    member:  genus_Psetta__Psetta  a genus of Bothidae
                       member:  Psetta_maxima__turbot  a large brownish European flatfish
                 member:  family_Cynoglossidae__Cynoglossidae  tonguefishes
                    member:  tonguefish  left-eyed marine flatfish whose tail tapers to a point; of little commercial value
                 member:  family_Soleidae__Soleidae  soles
                    member:  sole.flatfish  right-eyed flatfish; many are valued as food; most common in warm seas especially European
                    member:  genus_Solea__Solea  type genus of the Soleidae
                       member:  European_sole__Solea_solea  highly valued as food
                       member:  Solea_lascaris__lemon_sole__lemonsole  small European sole
                    member:  genus_Parophrys__Parophrys  a genus of Soleidae
                       member:  Parophrys_vitulus__English_sole__lemon_sole__lemonsole  popular pale brown food flatfish of the Pacific coast of North America
                    member:  genus_Psettichthys__Psettichthys  a genus of Soleidae
                       member:  sand_sole__Psettichthys_melanostichus  common flatfish of North American Pacific coast
                    member:  genus_Trinectes__Trinectes  a genus of Soleidae
                       member:  hogchoker__Trinectes_maculatus  useless as food; in coastal streams from Maine to Texas and Panama
           member:  family_Pempheridae__Pempheridae  sweepers
              member:  sweeper  little-known nocturnal fish of warm shallow seas with an oblong compressed body
           member:  order_Ganoidei__Ganoidei  a group of mostly extinct primitive bony fishes characterized by armor-like bony scales
              member:  ganoid_fish__ganoid  primitive fishes having thick bony scales with a shiny covering
              member:  family_Amiidae__Amiidae  only the bowfins
                 member:  genus_Amia__Amia  type genus of the Amiidae
                    member:  bowfin__grindle__Amia_calva  primitive long-bodies carnivorous freshwater fish with a very long dorsal fin; found in sluggish waters of North America
              member:  family_Polyodontidae__Polyodontidae  paddlefishes
                 member:  genus_Polyodon__Polyodon  type genus of the Polyodontidae
                    member:  paddlefish__duckbill__Polyodon_spathula  primitive fish of the Mississippi valley having a long paddle-shaped snout
                 member:  genus_Psephurus__Psephurus  a genus of Polyodontidae
                    member:  Chinese_paddlefish__Psephurus_gladis  fish of larger rivers of China similar to the Mississippi paddlefish
              member:  family_Acipenseridae__Acipenseridae  sturgeons
                 member:  sturgeon  large primitive fishes valued for their flesh and roe; widely distributed in north temperate zone
                 member:  genus_Acipenser__Acipenser  type genus of the Acipenseridae: sturgeons
                    member:  Pacific_sturgeon__white_sturgeon__whitesturgeon__Sacramento_sturgeon__Acipenser_transmontanus  food and game fish of marine and fresh waters of northwestern coast of North America
                    member:  beluga__hausen__white_sturgeon__whitesturgeon__Acipenser_huso  valuable source of caviar and isinglass; found in Black and Caspian seas
              member:  family_Lepisosteidae__Lepisosteidae  comprises the genus Lepisosteus
                 member:  genus_Lepisosteus__Lepisosteus  type genus of the Lepisosteidae: freshwater gars
                    member:  gar__garfish__garpike__billfish__Lepisosteus_osseus  primitive predaceous North American fish covered with hard scales and having long jaws with needle-like teeth

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