#kingdom_Fungi__Fungi__fungus_kingdom the taxonomic kingdom of lower plants
supertype: #kingdom one of seven biological categories: Monera or Protoctista or Plantae or Fungi or Animalia
member: #fungus_family includes lichen families
member: #fungus_genus includes lichen genera
member: #fungus_order the order of fungi
member: #division_Myxomycota__divisionmyxomycota__Myxomycota__Gymnomycota__gymnomycota__division_Gymnomycota slime molds; organisms having a noncellular and multinucleate creeping vegetative phase and a propagative spore-producing stage: comprises Myxomycetes and Acrasiomycetes; in some classifications placed in the kingdom Protoctista
member: #class_Myxomycetes__Myxomycetes the class of true slime molds; essentially equivalent to the division Myxomycota
member: #true_slime_mold__acellular_slime_mold__acellularslimemold__plasmodial_slime_mold__myxomycete a slime mold of the class Myxomycetes
member: #class_Acrasiomycetes__Acrasiomycetes cellular slime molds; in some classifications placed in Kingdom Protoctista
member: #cellular_slime_mold differing from true slime molds in being cellular and nucleate throughout the life cycle
member: #genus_Dictostylium genus of slime molds that grow on dung and decaying vegetation
member: #dictostylium any slime mold of the genus Dictostylium
member: #Phycomycetes_group__Phycomycetes a large and probably unnatural group of fungi and funguslike organisms comprising the Mastigomycota (including the Oomycetes) and Zygomycota subdivisions of the division Eumycota; a category not used in all systems
member: #division_Lichenes__Lichenes comprising the lichens which grow symbiotically with algae; sometimes treated as an independent group more or less coordinate with Algae and Fungi
member: #order_Lichenales__Lichenales category used especially in former classifications for organisms now constituting the division Lichenes
member: #lichen any thallophytic plant of the division Lichenes; occur as crusty patches or bushy growths on tree trunks or rocks or bare ground etc.
member: #order_Lechanorales__Lechanorales category used in some classification systems for all lichens that produce apothecia
member: #family_Lecanoraceae__Lecanoraceae a fungus family of the division Lichenes
member: #genus_Lecanora type genus of Lecanoraceae; crustaceous lichens
member: #lecanora any lichen of the genus Lecanora; some used in dyeing; some used for food
member: #archil__orchil any of various lecanoras that yield the dye archil
member: #family_Roccellaceae__Roccellaceae a fungus family of division Lichenes
member: #genus_Roccella chiefly fruticose maritime rock-inhabiting lichens
member: #roccella__Roccella_tinctoria a source of the dye archil and of litmus
member: #family_Pertusariaceae__Pertusariaceae a fungus family of division Lichenes
member: #genus_Pertusaria__Pertusaria crustose lichens that are a source of the dye archil and of litmus
member: #family_Usneaceae__Usneaceae fruticose lichens having prostrate or erect or pendulous thalli: genera Usnea; Evernia; Ramalina; Alectoria
member: #genus_Usnea__Usnea widely distributed lichens usually having a grayish or yellow pendulous freely branched thallus
member: #beard_lichen__beardlichen__beard_moss__Usnea_barbata greenish gray pendulous lichen growing on trees
member: #genus_Evernia__Evernia lichens of the family Usneaceae having a pendulous or shrubby thallus
member: #genus_Ramalina__Ramalina shrubby lichens of the family Usneaceae having a flattened thallus
member: #genus_Alectoria__Alectoria lichens having dark brown erect or pendulous much-branched cylindrical thallus
member: #horsehair_lichen__horsehairlichen__horsetail_lichen__horsetaillichen any of several lichens of the genus Alectoria having a thallus consisting of filaments resembling hair
member: #family_Cladoniaceae__Cladoniaceae a family of lichens
member: #genus_Cladonia__Cladonia type genus of Cladoniaceae; lichens characterized by a crustose thallus and capitate fruiting bodies borne on simple or branched podetia
member: #reindeer_moss__reindeer_lichen__arctic_moss__Cladonia_rangiferina an erect grayish branching lichen of Arctic and even some north temperate regions constituting the chief food for reindeer and caribou and sometimes being eaten by humans
member: #family_Parmeliaceae__Parmeliaceae a family of lichens
member: #genus_Parmelia__Parmelia type genus of the Parmeliaceae; a large genus of chiefly alpine foliaceous lichens
member: #crottle__crottal__crotal any of several lichens of the genus Parmelia from which reddish brown or purple dyes are made
member: #genus_Cetraria__Cetraria foliose lichens chiefly of northern latitudes
member: #Iceland_moss__Iceland_lichen__Cetraria_islandica lichen with branched flattened partly erect thallus that grows in mountainous and arctic regions; used as a medicine or food for humans and livestock; a source of glycerol
member: #fungus a parasitic plant lacking chlorophyll and leaves and true stems and roots and reproducing by spores
member: #division_Eumycota__Eumycota true fungi; eukaryotic heterotrophic walled organisms; distinguished from Myxomycota (funguslike slime molds): comprises subdivisions Mastigomycotina; Zygomycotina; Ascomycotina; Basidiomycotina; Deuteromycotina (imperfect fungi)
member: #subdivision_Zygomycota__Zygomycota__Zygomycotina__subdivision_Zygomycotina division of fungi having sexually produced zygospores
member: #class_Zygomycetes__Zygomycetes class of fungi coextensive with subdivision Zygomycota
member: #order_Mucorales__Mucorales an order of mostly saprophytic fungi
member: #family_Mucoraceae__Mucoraceae large family of chiefly saprophytic fungi that includes many common molds destructive to food products
member: #genus_Mucor type genus of the Mucoraceae; genus of molds having cylindrical or pear-shaped sporangia not limited in location to points where rhizoids develop
member: #mucor any mold of the genus Mucor
member: #genus_Rhizopus genus of rot-causing fungi having columnar hemispherical aerial sporangia anchored to the substrate by rhizoids
member: #rhizopus any of various rot-causing fungi of the genus Rhizopus
member: #bread_mold__breadmold__Rhizopus_nigricans a mold of the genus Rhizopus
member: #leak_fungus__ring_rot_fungus__Rhizopus_stolonifer fungus causing soft watery rot in fruits and vegetables and rings of dry rot around roots of sweet potatoes
member: #order_Entomophthorales__Entomophthorales coextensive with the family Entomophthoraceae
member: #family_Entomophthoraceae__Entomophthoraceae mostly parasitic lower fungi that typically develop in the bodies of insects
member: #genus_Entomophthora__Entomophthora type genus of the Entomophthoraceae; fungi parasitic on insects
member: #subdivision_Mastigomycota__Mastigomycota__Mastigomycotina__subdivision_Mastigomycotina fungi in which the spores and gametes are motile; in some systems placed in the Phycomycetes group with the Zygomycota
member: #class_Oomycetes__Oomycetes nonphotosynthetic fungi that resemble algae and that reproduce by forming oospores; sometimes classified as protoctists
member: #order_Saprolegniales__Saprolegniales order of chiefly aquatic fungi
member: #genus_Saprolegnia__Saprolegnia aquatic fungi growing chiefly on plant debris and animal remains
member: #white_fungus__Saprolegnia_ferax a fungus that attacks living fish and tadpoles and spawn causing white fungus disease: a coating of white hyphae on especially peripheral parts (as fins)
member: #water_mold__watermold parasitic or saprobic organisms living chiefly in fresh water or moist soil
member: #order_Peronosporales__Peronosporales order of chiefly parasitic lower fungi: Albuginaceae and Peronosporaceae and Pythiaceae
member: #family_Peronosporaceae__Peronosporaceae parasitic fungi: downy mildews
member: #genus_Peronospora__Peronospora genus of destructive downy mildews
member: #blue_mold_fungus__Peronospora_tabacina fungus causing a serious disease in tobacco plants characterized by bluish-gray mildew on undersides of leaves
member: #onion_mildew__onionmildew__peronosporadestructor fungus causing a downy mildew on onions
member: #tobacco_mildew__tobaccomildew__Peronospora_hyoscyami fungus causing a downy mildew on growing tobacco
member: #downy_mildew__downymildew__falsemildew any of various fungi of the family Peronosporaceae parasitic on e.g. grapes and potatoes and melons
member: #family_Albuginaceae__Albuginaceae fungi that produce white sori resembling blisters on certain flowering plants
member: #genus_Albugo__Albugo type genus of the Albuginaceae; fungi causing white rusts
member: #white_rust__whiterust fungus causing a disease characterized by a white powdery mass of conidia
member: #family_Pythiaceae__Pythiaceae fungi having sporangia usually borne successively and singly at the tips of branching sporangiophores
member: #genus_Pythium destructive root-parasitic fungi
member: #pythium any fungus of the genus Pythium
member: #genus_Phytophthora__Phytophthora destructive parasitic fungi causing brown rot in plants
member: #Phytophthora_citrophthora causes brown rot gummosis in citrus fruits
member: #Phytophthora_infestans fungus causing late blight in solanaceous plants especially tomatoes and potatoes
member: #family_Plasmodiophoraceae__Plasmodiophoraceae family of fungi often causing hypertrophy in seed plants
member: #genus_Plasmodiophora__Plasmodiophora type genus of Plasmodiophoraceae comprising minute plant parasitic fungi similar to and sometimes included among the slime molds
member: #clubroot_fungus__Plasmodiophora_brassicae a fungus resembling slime mold that causes swellings or distortions of the roots of cabbages and related plants
member: #class_Chytridiomycetes__Chytridiomycetes a class of mostly aquatic fungi; saprophytic or parasitic on algae or fungi or plants
member: #order_Chytridiales__Chytridiales simple aquatic fungi mostly saprophytic but some parasitic on higher plants or animals or fresh water fungi; sometimes placed in class Oomycetes
member: #family_Chytridiaceae__Chytridiaceae a family of aquatic fungi of order Chytridiales
member: #family_Synchytriaceae__Synchytriaceae a fungus family of order Chytridiales
member: #genus_Synchytrium__Synchytrium simple parasitic fungi including pond scum parasites
member: #pond-scum_parasite an aquatic fungus of genus Synchytriaceae that is parasitic on pond scum
member: #potato_wart_fungus__Synchytrium_endobioticum fungus causing potato wart disease in potato tubers
member: #order_Blastocladiales__Blastocladiales fungi that carry out asexual reproduction by thick-walled resting spores that produce zoospores upon germination; sometimes placed in class Oomycetes
member: #family_Blastodiaceae__Blastodiaceae a family of saprobic fungi of order Blastocladiales
member: #genus_Blastocladia__Blastocladia a genus of fungi of the family Blastodiaceae
member: #class_Eumycetes__Eumycetes category used in some classifications: coextensive with division Eumycota
member: #true_fungus any of numerous fungi of the division Eumycota
member: #subdivision_Deuteromycota__Deuteromycota__Deuteromycotina__Fungi_imperfecti__subdivision_Deuteromycotina large and heterogeneous form division of fungi comprising forms for which no sexually reproductive stage is known
member: #class_Deuteromycetes__Deuteromycetes form class; coextensive with subdivision Deuteromycota
member: #order_Moniliales__Moniliales order of imperfect fungi lacking conidiophores of having conidiophores that are superficial and not enclosed in a pycnidium
member: #genus_Verticillium genus of imperfect fungi having conidia borne singly at the apex of whorled branchlets; cause wilt diseases
member: #verticillium a fungus of the genus Verticillium
member: #family_Moniliaceae__Moniliaceae family of imperfect fungi having white or brightly colored hyphae and spores that are produced directly on the mycelium and not aggregated in fruiting bodies
member: #genus_Trichophyton__Trichophyton a genus of fungus of the family Moniliaceae; causes ringworm
member: #genus_Microsporum__Microsporum a genus of fungus of the family Moniliaceae; causes ringworm
member: #genus_Monilia genus of parasitic yeastlike imperfect fungi having spherical or oval conidia in branched chains; some species usually placed in other genera especially genus Candida
member: #monilia any of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Monilia
member: #genus_Cercosporella__Cercosporella form genus of imperfect fungi lacking pigment in the spores and conidiophores
member: #genus_Penicillium__Penicillium genus of fungi commonly growing as green or blue molds on decaying food; used in making cheese and as a source of penicillin
member: #genus_Candida a genus of yeastlike imperfect fungi; sometimes included in genus Monilia of the family Moniliaceae
member: #candida any of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Candida
member: #Candida_albicans__Monilia_albicans a parasitic fungus that can infect the mouth or the skin or the intestines or the vagina
member: #genus_Blastomyces__Blastomyces genus of pathogenic yeastlike fungi
member: #family_Dematiaceae__Dematiaceae family of imperfect mushrooms having dark-colored hyphae or conidia
member: #genus_Cercospora__Cercospora form genus of imperfect fungi that are leaf parasites with long slender spores
member: #yellow_spot_fungus__Cercospora_kopkei fungus causing yellow spot (a sugarcane disease in Australia)
member: #genus_Ustilaginoidea__Ustilaginoidea genus of imperfect fungi causing plant diseases like smut
member: #green_smut_fungus__Ustilaginoidea_virens fungus causing green smut in rice
member: #family_Tuberculariaceae__Tuberculariaceae large family of mainly saprophytic imperfect fungi
member: #genus_Tubercularia__Tubercularia type genus of the Tuberculariaceae; fungi with nodules of red or pink conidia; some cause diebacks of woody plants
member: #genus_Fusarium a form genus of mostly plant parasites some of which cause dry rot; in humans a species can cause inflammation of cornea leading to blindness
member: #order_Mycelia_Sterilia__Mycelia_Sterilia order of imperfect fungi having no known spore stage
member: #genus_Rhizoctinia form genus of imperfect fungi some species of which are now placed in genera Pellicularia and Corticium because their perfect stages have been found
member: #rhizoctinia any fungus now or formerly belonging to the form genus Rhizoctinia
member: #genus_Ozonium__Ozonium form genus of imperfect fungi
member: #genus_Sclerotium__Sclerotium form genus of sterile imperfect fungi; many form sclerotia; some cause sclerotium disease in plants
member: #subdivision_Basidiomycota__Basidiomycota__Basidiomycotina__subdivision_Basidiomycotina comprises fungi bearing the spores on a basidium: Gasteromycetes (puffballs); Tiliomycetes (comprising the orders Ustilaginales (smuts) and Uredinales (rusts)); Hymenomycetes (mushrooms; toadstools; agarics; bracket fungi); in some classification systems considered a division of kingdom Fungi
member: #class_Basidiomycetes__Basidiomycetes large class of higher fungi coextensive with subdivision Basidiomycota
member: #subclass_Homobasidiomycetes__Homobasidiomycetes category used in some classification systems for various basidiomycetous fungi including e.g. mushrooms and puffballs which are usually placed in the classes Gasteromycetes and Hymenomycetes
member: #subclass_Heterobasidiomycetes__Heterobasidiomycetes category used in some classification systems for various basidiomycetous fungi including rusts and smuts
member: #basidiomycete__basidiomycetous_fungi__basidiomycetousfungi any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota
member: #order_Tremellales__Tremellales fungi varying from gelatinous to waxy or even horny in texture; most are saprophytic
member: #family_Tremellaceae__Tremellaceae a family of basidiomycetous fungi of the order Tremellales that have the basidium divided longitudinally
member: #genus_Tremella__Tremella fungi with yellowish gelatinous sporophores having convolutions resembling those of the brain
member: #snow_mushroom__Tremella_fuciformis popular in China and Japan and Taiwan; gelatinous mushrooms; most are dried
member: #witches'_butter__Tremella_lutescens a yellow jelly fungus
member: #Tremella_foliacea a jelly fungus with a fruiting body 5-15 cm broad and gelatinous in consistency; resembles a bunch of leaf lettuce; mostly water and brownish in color
member: #Tremella_reticulata a jelly fungus with an erect whitish fruiting body and a highly variable shape (sometimes resembling coral fungi)
member: #family_Auriculariaceae__Auriculariaceae fungi having gelatinous sporophores
member: #genus_Auricularia__Auricularia type genus of the Auriculariaceae
member: #Jew's-ear__Jew's-ears__ear_fungus__Auricularia_auricula widely distributed edible fungus shaped like a human ear and growing on decaying wood
member: #family_Dacrymycetaceae__Dacrymycetaceae a family of basidiomycetous fungi belonging to the order Tremellales having a bifurcate basidium that lacks septa
member: #genus_Dacrymyces__Dacrymyces type genus of the Dacrymycetaceae: fungi with a bifurcate basidium that lacks septa
member: #order_Auriculariales__Auriculariales coextensive with the family Auriculariaceae; sometimes included in the order Tremellales
member: #order_Uredinales__Uredinales rust fungi: parasitic fungi causing rust in plants; sometimes placed in
member: #rust_fungus__rust any of various fungi causing rust disease in plants
member: #family_Melampsoraceae__Melampsoraceae rust fungi
member: #genus_Melampsora__Melampsora rusts having sessile one-celled teliospores in a single layer
member: #flax_rust_fungus__flax_rust__Melampsora_lini fungus causing flax rust
member: #genus_Cronartium__Cronartium rust fungi having aecia produced in raised or swollen sori and teliospores borne in waxy columns
member: #blister_rust__blisterrust__Cronartium_ribicola fungus causing white pine blister rust and having a complex life cycle requiring a plant of genus Ribes as alternate host
member: #family_Pucciniaceae__Pucciniaceae large important family of rust fungi
member: #genus_Puccinia__Puccinia type genus of the Pucciniaceae; a large genus of parasitic fungi including many that are destructive to various economic plants
member: #wheat_rust__wheatrust__Puccinia_graminis rust fungus that attacks wheat
member: #genus_Gymnosporangium__Gymnosporangium__gymnosporangium genus of fungi that produce galls on cedars and other conifers of genera Juniperus and Libocedrus and causes rust spots on apples and pears and other plants of family Rosaceae
member: #cedar-apple_rust__cedarapplerust__apple_rust__applerust__Gymnosporangium_juniperi-virginianae rust fungus causing rust spots on apples and pears etc
member: #class_Hymenomycetes__Hymenomycetes used in some classifications; usually coextensive with order Agaricales: mushrooms; toadstools; agarics; bracket fungi
member: #order_Agaricales__Agaricales typical gilled mushrooms belonging to the subdivision Basidiomycota
member: #family_Clavariaceae__Clavariaceae fleshy fungi: coral fungi
member: #coral_fungus any of numerous fungi of the family Clavariaceae often brightly colored that grow in often intricately branched clusters like coral
member: #family_Hydnaceae__Hydnaceae tooth fungi
member: #tooth_fungus a fungus of the family Hydnaceae
member: #genus_Hydnum__Hydnum type genus of Hydnaceae
member: #agaric a saprophytic fungus of the order Agaricales having an umbrellalike cap with gills on the underside
member: #family_Agaricaceae__Agaricaceae large family including many familiar mushrooms
member: #genus_Agaricus__Agaricus type genus of Agaricaceae; gill fungi having brown spores and including several edible species
member: #horse_mushroom__horsemushroom__Agaricus_arvensis coarse edible mushroom with a hollow stem and abroad white cap
member: #meadow_mushroom__field_mushroom__fieldmushroom__Agaricus_campestris common edible mushroom found naturally in moist open soil; the cultivated mushroom of commerce
member: #genus_Amanita__Amanita genus of widely distributed agarics that have white spores and are poisonous with few exceptions
member: #royal_agaric__royalagaric__Caesar's_agaric__Amanita_caesarea widely distributed edible mushroom resembling the fly agaric
member: #false_deathcap__falsedeathcap__Amanita_mappa agaric often confused with the death cup
member: #fly_agaric__flyagaric__Amanita_muscaria poisonous (but rarely fatal) woodland fungus having a scarlet cap with white warts and white gills
member: #death_cap__deathcap__death_cup__death_angel__destroying_angel__Amanita_phalloides extremely poisonous usually white fungus with a prominent cup-shaped base; differs from edible Agaricus only in its white gills
member: #blushing_mushroom__blusher__amanitarubescen yellowish edible agaric that usually turns red when touched
member: #destroying_angel__Amanita_verna fungus similar to Amanita phalloides
member: #genus_Cantharellus__Cantharellus a well-known genus of fungus; has funnel-shaped fruiting body; includes the chanterelles
member: #chanterelle__chantarelle__Cantharellus_cibarius widely distributed edible mushroom rich yellow in color with a smooth cap and a pleasant apricot aroma
member: #floccose_chanterelle__Cantharellus_floccosus a mildly poisonous fungus with a fruiting body shaped like a hollow trumpet
member: #pig's_ears__Cantharellus_clavatus an edible agaric with a brown fruiting body that is often compound
member: #cinnabar_chanterelle__Cantharellus_cinnabarinus mushroom with a distinctive pink to vermillion fruiting body
member: #genus_Coprinus__Coprinus genus of black-spotted agarics in which the cap breaks down at maturity into an inky fluid; sometimes placed in its own family Coprinaceae
member: #inky_cap__inky-cap_mushroom__Coprinus_atramentarius having a cap that melts into an inky fluid after spores have matured
member: #shaggymane_mushroom__shaggymane__shaggycap__Coprinus_comatus common edible mushroom having an elongated shaggy white cap and black spores
member: #genus_Lactarius__Lactarius large genus of agarics that have white spore and contain a white or milky juice when cut or broken; includes both edible and poisonous species
member: #milkcap__Lactarius_delicioso edible mushroom
member: #genus_Marasmius__Marasmius chiefly small mushrooms with white spores
member: #fairy-ring_mushroom__Marasmius_oreades mushroom that grows in a fairy ring
member: #genus_Pleurotus__Pleurotus agarics with white spores and caps having an eccentric stem; an important mushroom of Japan
member: #oyster_mushroom__oyster_fungus__oyster_agaric__Pleurotus_ostreatus edible agaric with a soft grayish cap growing in shelving masses on dead wood
member: #olive-tree_agaric__Pleurotus_phosphoreus red luminescent mushroom of Europe
member: #genus_Russula__Russula large genus of fungi with stout stems and white spores and neither annulus nor volva; brittle caps of red or purple or yellow or green or blue; differs from genus Lactarius in lacking milky juice
member: #family_Coprinaceae__Coprinaceae used in some classifications for the genus Coprinus
member: #family_Russulaceae__Russulaceae used in some classification systems for the genus Russula
member: #family_Strophariaceae__Strophariaceae sometimes included in family Agaricaceae
member: #genus_Pholiota__Pholiota genus of gilled agarics of Europe and North America having brown spores and an annulus; grows on open ground or decaying wood
member: #Pholiota_astragalina a fungus with a smooth orange cap and yellow gills and pale yellow stalk
member: #Pholiota_aurea__golden_pholiota a beautiful yellow gilled fungus found from Alaska south along the coast
member: #Pholiota_destruens a large fungus with whitish scales on the cap and remnants of the veil hanging from the cap; the stalk is thick and hard
member: #Pholiota_flammans a fungus with a yellow cap covered with fine scales as is the stalk
member: #Pholiota_flavida a fungus that grows in clusters on the ground; cap is brownish orange with a surface that is smooth and slightly sticky; whitish gills and a cylindrical brown stalk
member: #Pholiota_nameko__nameko__viscid_mushroom one of the most important fungi cultivated in Japan
member: #Pholiota_squarrosa-adiposa a gilled fungus having yellow slimy caps with conspicuous tawny scales on the caps and stalks
member: #Pholiota_squarrosa__scaly_pholiota__scalypholiota a gilled fungus with a cap and stalk that are conspicuously scaly with upright scales; gills develop a greenish tinge with age
member: #Pholiota_squarrosoides a pale buff fungus with tawny scales
member: #genus_Stropharia__Stropharia__ring-stalked_fungus genus of gill fungi with brown spores that is closely related to Agaricus; here placed in its own family Strophariaceae
member: #Stropharia_ambigua a gilled fungus with a long stalk and a yellow slimy cap from which fragments of the broken veil hang; gills are initially white but become dark brown as spores are released
member: #Stropharia_hornemannii a gilled fungus with a large slimy purple or olive cap; gills become purple with age; the stalk is long and richly decorated with pieces of the white sheath that extends up to a ring
member: #Stropharia_rugoso-annulata a large gilled fungus with a broad cap and a long stalk; the cap is dark brown; the white gills turn dark purplish brown with age; edible and choice
member: #family_Entolomataceae__Entolomataceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales
member: #genus_Entoloma__Entoloma agarics with pink spores but lacking both volva and annulus (includes some that are poisonous)
member: #Entoloma_lividum__Entoloma_sinuatum a deadly poisonous agaric; a large cap that is first white (livid or lead-colored) and then turns yellowish or tan
member: #Entoloma_aprile an agaric with a dark brown conical cap; fruits in early spring
member: #family_Lepiotaceae__Lepiotaceae a family of fungi having free gills and a cap that is cleanly separable from the stalk
member: #genus_Chlorophyllum a genus of fungus belonging to the family Lepiotaceae
member: #genus_Lepiota agarics with white spores that includes several edible and poisonous mushrooms: parasol mushrooms
member: #lepiota any fungus of the genus Lepiota
member: #parasol_mushroom__parasolmushroom__Lepiota_procera edible long-stalked mushroom with white flesh and gills and spores; found in open woodlands in autumn
member: #poisonous_parasol__poisonousparasol__Lepiota_morgani an agaric regarded as poisonous
member: #Lepiota_naucina an agaric with grayish white fruiting body and gills that change from pink to dingy red
member: #Lepiota_rhacodes an agaric with a large cap with brown scales and a thick stalk
member: #American_parasol__Lepiota_americana an agaric with a pallid cap and a stalk that is enlarged near the base
member: #Lepiota_rubrotincta an agaric with a relatively small pink to red cap and white gills and stalk
member: #Lepiota_clypeolaria an agaric with a ragged stalk and a soft floccose cap
member: #onion_stem__onionstem__Lepiota_cepaestipes a white agaric that tends to cluster and has a club-shaped base
member: #family_Thelephoraceae__Thelephoraceae fungi having leathery or membranous sporophores
member: #genus_Corticium__Corticium genus of fungi having simple smooth-surfaced sporophores; some are parasitic on wood or economic crops; some species formerly placed in form genus Rhizoctinia
member: #pink_disease_fungus__Corticium_salmonicolor fungus causing pink disease in citrus and coffee and rubber trees etc
member: #bottom_rot_fungus__Corticium_solani fungus causing bottom rot in lettuce
member: #genus_Pellicularia__Pellicularia genus of fungi having the hymenium in the form of a crust; some species formerly placed in the form genus Rhizoctinia
member: #potato_fungus__Pellicularia_filamentosa__Rhizoctinia_solani fungus causing a disease in potatoes characterized by black scurfy spots on the tubers
member: #coffee_fungus__Pellicularia_koleroga fungus causing a disease in coffee and some other tropical plants
member: #family_Tricholomataceae__Tricholomataceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales
member: #genus_Lentinus__Lentinus a genus of fungus belonging to the family Tricholomataceae
member: #shiitake_mushroom__shiitake__Chinese_black_mushroom__golden_oak_mushroom__Oriental_black_mushroom__Lentinus_edodes edible east Asian mushroom having a golden or dark brown to blackish cap and an inedible stipe
member: #scaly_lentinus__Lentinus_lepideus a fungus with a scaly cap and white flesh and a ring on the stalk (with scales below the ring); odor reminiscent of licorice
member: #genus_Omphalotus__Omphalotus a genus of mushrooms with a depressed disc in the cap
member: #jack-o-lantern_fungus__jack-o-lantern__jack-a-lantern__Omphalotus_illudens a large poisonous agaric with orange caps and narrow clustered stalks; the gills are luminescent
member: #genus_Tricholoma__Tricholoma agarics with white spores and a fleshy stalk and notched gills; of various colors both edible and inedible
member: #sandy_mushroom__sandymushroom__Tricholoma_populinum an edible agaric that fruits in great clusters (especially in sandy soil under cottonwood trees)
member: #Tricholoma_pessundatum a mildly poisonous agaric with a viscid reddish brown cap and white gills and stalk
member: #Tricholoma_sejunctum an agaric with a cap that is coated with dark fibrils in the center and has yellowish margins
member: #man-on-a-horse__Tricholoma_flavovirens an edible agaric with yellow gills and a viscid yellow cap that has a brownish center
member: #Tricholoma_venenata a poisonous white agaric
member: #Tricholoma_pardinum a poisonous agaric having a pale cap with fine gray fibrils
member: #Tricholoma_vaccinum an agaric with a cap that is densely covered with reddish fibrils and pale gills an stalk
member: #Tricholoma_aurantium an orange tan agaric whose gills become brown by maturity; has a strong odor and taste
member: #genus_Clitocybe__Clitocybe a genus of agarics with white to pale yellow spore deposits and fleshy stalks centrally attached to the cap and closely attached gills
member: #Clitocybe_clavipes an agaric with a flat cap that is grayish or yellowish brown with pallid gills and a stalk that bulges toward the base
member: #Clitocybe_dealbata a small poisonous agaric; has a dry white cap with crowded gills and a short stalk
member: #Clitocybe_inornata a fungus with a cap that is creamy gray when young and turns brown with age and a whitish stalk that stains yellow when handled
member: #Clitocybe_robusta__Clytocybe_alba a large white agaric; edible but not palatable
member: #Clitocybe_irina__Tricholoma_irinum__Lepista_irina an edible agaric with large silky white caps and thick stalks
member: #Clitocybe_subconnexa an edible white agaric that fruits in dense clusters; the gills are narrow and crowded and the stalk in fleshy and unpolished
member: #genus_Flammulina__Flammulina a genus of agarics
member: #winter_mushroom__Flammulina_velutipes an edible agaric that is available in early spring or late fall when few other mushrooms are; has a viscid smooth orange to brown cap and a velvety stalk that turns black in maturity and pallid gills; often occur in clusters
member: #genus_Armillaria__Armillaria genus of edible mushrooms having white spores an annulus and blue juice; some are edible; some cause root rot
member: #shoestring_fungus any of several fungi of the genus Armillaria that form brown stringy rhizomorphs and cause destructive rot of the roots of some trees such as apples or maples
member: #Armillaria_caligata__booted_armillaria fungus with a brown cap and white gills and a membranous ring halfway up the stalk
member: #genus_Armillariella__Armillariella a honey-colored diminutive form of genus Armillaria; grows in clusters; edible (when cooked) but most attention has been on how to get rid of it
member: #honey_mushroom__honeymushroom__honey_fungus__Armillariella_mellea a honey-colored edible mushroom commonly associated with the roots of trees in late summer and fall; do not eat raw
member: #family_Volvariaceae__Volvariaceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales
member: #genus_Volvaria__Volvaria agarics having pink spores and a distinct volva
member: #Volvaria_bombycina a parasite on various trees
member: #family_Pluteaceae__Pluteaceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales
member: #genus_Pluteus__Pluteus__roof_mushroom a large genus of fungi belonging to the family Pluteaceae; the shape of the cap resembles a roof; often abundant early in the summer
member: #Pluteus_aurantiorugosus an agaric with a brilliant scarlet cap and a slender stalk
member: #Pluteus_magnus__swadust_mushroom__swadustmushroom an edible agaric found in piles of hardwood sawdust; the caps are black and coarsely wrinkled
member: #deer_mushroom__Pluteus_cervinus a small edible agaric with a slender stalk; usually found on rotting hardwoods
member: #genus_Volvariella__Volvariella an important genus of mushrooms in the Orient
member: #straw_mushroom__strawmushroom__Chinese_mushroom__Volvariella_volvacea small tropical and subtropical edible mushroom having a white cap and long stem; an expensive delicacy in China and other Asian countries where it is grown commercially
member: #Volvariella_bombycina a mushroom with a dry yellowish to white fibrillose cap
member: #family_Boletaceae__Boletaceae family of pore-bearing fleshy fungi having the spores easily separating from the cup and often from each other
member: #bolete any fungus of the family Boletaceae
member: #genus_Boletus__Boletus type genus of Boletaceae; genus of soft early-decaying pore fungi; some poisonous and some edible
member: #Boletus_chrysenteron a fungus convex cap and a dingy yellow under surface and a dry stalk
member: #Boletus_edulis a edible and choice fungus; has a convex cap that is slightly viscid when fresh and moist but soon dries and a thick bulbous tan stalk
member: #Frost's_bolete__Boletus_frostii a fungus with a red cap and a red coarsely reticulate stalk
member: #Boletus_luridus a poisonous fungus with a dingy yellow cap and orange red undersurface and a cylindrical reticulate stalk
member: #Boletus_mirabilis a fungus that is edible when young and fresh; has a dark brown convex cap with a yellow to greenish under surface and reddish stalk
member: #Boletus_pallidus a fungus that has an off-white cap when it is young but later becomes dingy brown and a stalk of the same color; the under surface of the cap (the tubes) a pale greenish yellow
member: #Boletus_pulcherrimus a beautiful but poisonous bolete; has a brown cap with a scarlet pore surface and a thick reticulate stalk
member: #Boletus_pulverulentus an edible fungus with a broadly convex blackish brown cap and a pore surface that is yellow when young and darkens with age; stalk is thick and enlarges toward the base
member: #Boletus_roxanae a fungus with a rusty red cap and a white pore surface that becomes yellow with age and a pale yellow stalk
member: #Boletus_subvelutipes a fungus with a velvety stalk and usually a dingy brown cap; injured areas turn blue instantly
member: #Boletus_variipes an edible (but not choice) fungus found on soil under hardwoods; has a dry convex cap with whitish under surface and a reticulate stalk
member: #Boletus_zelleri an edible and choice fungus that has a brown cap with greenish yellow under surface and a stalk that become dull red with age
member: #genus_Fuscoboletinus__Fuscoboletinus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae
member: #Fuscoboletinus_paluster an edible fungus with a pinkish purple cap and stalk and a pore surface that is yellow with large angular pores that become like gills in maturity
member: #Fuscoboletinus_serotinus an edible fungus with a broadly convex brown cap and a whitish pore surface and stalk
member: #genus_Leccinum__Leccinum a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae
member: #Leccinum_fibrillosum an edible fungus with a dark reddish brown cap and a wide light tan stalk that expands toward the base
member: #genus_Phylloporus__Phylloporus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae
member: #Phylloporus_boletinoides a fungus with a broadly convex brown cap and pores that extend part way down the stalk
member: #genus_Suillus__Suillus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae
member: #Suillus_albivelatus__suillusalbivelatu a short squat edible fungus with a reddish brown cap and white stalk; fruits under pines in the spring
member: #genus_Strobilomyces__Strobilomyces fungi similar to Boletus but with a shaggy scaly cap
member: #old-man-of-the-woods__Strobilomyces_floccopus edible mild-tasting mushroom found in coniferous woodlands of eastern North America
member: #genus_Boletellus__Boletellus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Boletaceae
member: #Boletellus_russellii a fungus with a long coarsely shaggy reticulate stalk and a rimose areolate cap surface
member: #family_Hygrophoraceae__Hygrophoraceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales; the gills of these fungi have a clean waxy appearance
member: #waxycap any fungus of the family Hygrophoraceae having gills that are more or less waxy in appearance
member: #genus_Hygrocybe__Hygrocybe a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae
member: #Hygrocybe_acutoconica__conic_waxycap__conicwaxycap a fungus having an acutely conic cap and dry stalks
member: #genus_Hygrophorus__Hygrophorus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae
member: #Hygrophorus_borealis a fungus with a white convex cap and arcuate white gills and a stalk that tapers toward the base
member: #Hygrophorus_caeruleus a fungus with a broadly convex cap that is cream color with a tint of blue over the margin; waxy gills are bluish green to blue-gray; a short stalk tapers abruptly at the base
member: #Hygrophorus_inocybiformis a fungus with a drab squamulose cap and gray-brown squamules over the white background of the stalk and waxy gray-white gills
member: #Hygrophorus_kauffmanii a fungus with a slightly viscid cap; cap and gills are reddish brown nd the stalk is gray
member: #Hygrophorus_marzuolus a gray fungus frequently found near melting snow banks
member: #Hygrophorus_purpurascens a fungus with a viscid purplish red cap and stalk; found under spruce and other conifers
member: #Hygrophorus_russula an edible fungus with a reddish cap and close pale gills and dry stalk; found under hardwoods
member: #Hygrophorus_sordidus an edible fungus with a large white cap and a cry stalk and white gills
member: #Hygrophorus_tennesseensis a fungus having a brownish sticky cap with a white margin and white gills and an odor of raw potatoes
member: #Hygrophorus_turundus a small fungus with orange cap and yellow gills found in sphagnum bogs
member: #genus_Hygrotrama__Hygrotrama a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae
member: #Hygrotrama_foetens a small gray-brown fungus with an unpleasant odor of mothballs
member: #genus_Neohygrophorus__Neohygrophorus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hygrophoraceae
member: #Neohygrophorus_angelesianus a fungus with a small brown convex cap with a depressed disc; waxy wine-colored gills and a brown stalk; fruits in or near melting snow banks in the western mountains of North America
member: #family_Cortinariaceae__Cortinariaceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales
member: #genus_Cortinarius__Cortinarius the largest genus in th Agaricales; agarics having rusty spores and prominent cortinae (cobwebby partial veils)
member: #Cortinarius_atkinsonianus an edible fungus with a slimy viscid cap that is initially yellow but turns olive and then tawny; flesh is lavender
member: #Cortinarius_corrugatus a fungus with a viscid wrinkled tawny cap; the stalk has a basal bulb that diminishes as the stalk elongates; the gills are dark violet at first but soon turn brown
member: #Cortinarius_gentilis a poisonous fungus with a bright yellow brown cap and a long cinnamon colored stalk
member: #Cortinarius_mutabilis__purple-staining_Cortinarius a fungus with a reddish purple cap having a smooth slimy surface; close violet gills; all parts stain dark purple when bruised
member: #Cortinarius_semisanguineus a fungus with a dry brown cap and rusty red gills and a yellowish stalk
member: #Cortinarius_subfoetidus a fungus with a sticky lavender cap and stalk that whitish above and covered with a silky lavender sheath
member: #Cortinarius_violaceus a fungus that is violet over-all with a squamulose cap
member: #genus_Gymnopilus__Gymnopilus a genus of fungus characterized by the orange color of the spore deposit
member: #Gymnopilus_spectabilis a fungus with a brownish orange fruiting body and a ring near the top of the stalk; the taste is bitter and the flesh contains psilocybin and psilocin
member: #Gymnopilus_validipes a poisonous fungus with a dry cap and a cortina that does not leave much of a ring on the robust stalk
member: #Gymnopilus_ventricosus a giant fungus of the Pacific Northwest; has a very thick stalk and the cortina leaves a ring high up on the stalk
member: #class_Gasteromycetes__Gasteromycetes__Gastromycetes__class_Gastromycetes fungi in which the hymenium is enclosed until after spores have matured: puffballs; earth stars; stinkhorn fungi
member: #order_Sclerodermatales__Sclerodermatales an order of fungi having a peridium surrounding a gleba (sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes)
member: #family_Sclerodermataceae__Sclerodermataceae a family of fungi or order Sclerodermatales with a single-layered peridium; includes earthballs
member: #genus_Scleroderma__Scleroderma genus of poisonous fungi having hard-skinned fruiting bodies: false truffles
member: #earthball__false_truffle__falsetruffle__puffball__hard-skinned_puffball any of various fungi of the genus Scleroderma having hard-skinned subterranean fruiting bodies resembling truffles
member: #Scleroderma_citrinum__Scleroderma_aurantium an earthball fungus that is a dingy brownish yellow and a dark purplish interior; the peridium is covered with a pattern of small warts
member: #Scleroderma_flavidium__star_earthball an earthball with a smooth upper surface that is at first buried in sand; the top of the fruiting body opens up to form segments like the ray of an umbel
member: #Scleroderma_bovista__smooth_earthball an earthball with a peridium that is firm dry and smooth when young but developing cracks when mature; pale orange-yellow when young and reddish brown at maturity
member: #family_Tulostomaceae__Tulostomaceae__Tulostomataceae__family_Tulostomataceae stalked puffballs
member: #genus_Tulostoma__Tulostoma__Tulestoma__genus_Tulestoma type genus of the Tulostomaceae
member: #stalked_puffball.fungus__stalkedpuffball mushroom of the genus Tulostoma that resembles a puffball
member: #order_Hymenogastrales__Hymenogastrales an order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes; has a distinct basidiocarp with a fleshy or waxy gleba (sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes)
member: #family_Rhizopogonaceae__Rhizopogonaceae a family of fungi of order Hymenogastrales having round subterranean sporophores
member: #false_truffle__falsetruffle any of various fungi of the family Rhizopogonaceae having subterranean fruiting bodies similar to the truffle
member: #genus_Rhizopogon__Rhizopogon a genus of fungi having subterranean sporophores resembling tubers
member: #Rhizopogon_idahoensis a large whitish Rhizopogon that becomes grayish brown in maturity
member: #genus_Truncocolumella__Truncocolumella a genus of fungi belonging to the family Rhizopogonaceae
member: #Truncocolumella_citrina a fungus with a round yellow to orange fruiting body that is found on the surface of the ground or partially buried; has a distinctive sterile column extending into the spore-bearing tissue
member: #gasteromycete any fungus of the class Gasteromycetes
member: #order_Phallales__Phallales order of fungi comprising the stinkhorns and related forms whose mature hymenium is slimy and fetid; sometimes placed in subclass Homobasidiomycetes
member: #family_Phallaceae__Phallaceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Phallales and comprising the true stinkhorns
member: #genus_Phallus__Phallus genus of fungi having the cap or pileus hanging free around the stem
member: #common_stinkhorn__Phallus_impudicus a common fungus formerly used in preparing a salve for rheumatism
member: #Phallus_ravenelii this stinkhorn has a cap with a granulose surface at the apex and smells like decaying flesh
member: #genus_Dictyophera__Dictyophera closely related to genus Phallus distinguished by an indusium hanging like a skirt from below the pileus
member: #genus_Mutinus__Mutinus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Phallaceae
member: #stinkhorn__carrion_fungus any of various ill-smelling brown-capped fungi of the order Phallales; "the foul smell of the stinkhorn attracts insects that carry the spores away on their feet"
member: #dog_stinkhorn__dogstinkhorn__Mutinus_caninus a stinkhorn having a stalk without a cap; the slimy gleba is simply plastered on its surface near the apex where winged insects can find it
member: #family_Clathraceae__Clathraceae family of fleshy fungi resembling stinkhorns
member: #genus_Clathrus__Clathrus type genus of the Clathraceae
member: #genus_Pseudocolus__Pseudocolus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Clathraceae
member: #stinky_squid__Pseudocolus_fusiformis a stinkhorn of genus Pseudocolus; the fruiting body first resembles a small puffball that soon splits open to form a stalk with tapering arms that arch and taper to a common point
member: #order_Tulostomatales__Tulostomatales an order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes
member: #family_Calostomataceae__Calostomataceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Tulostomatales
member: #Calostoma_lutescens a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body that is globose and has a pale yellow spore case
member: #Calostoma_cinnabarina a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body this globose and has a red spore case
member: #Calostoma_ravenelii a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body with a thin gelatinous spore case and elliptical spores
member: #order_Lycoperdales__Lycoperdales small order of basidiomycetous fungi having fleshy often globose fruiting bodies; includes puffballs and earthstars
member: #family_Lycoperdaceae__Lycoperdaceae a fungus family belonging to the order Lycoperdales; includes puffballs
member: #genus_Lycoperdon__Lycoperdon genus of fungi whose fruiting body tapers toward a base consisting of spongy mycelium
member: #true_puffball__puffball any of various fungi of the family Lycoperdaceae whose round fruiting body discharges a cloud of spores when mature
member: #genus_Calvatia__Calvatia genus of puffballs having outer casings whose upper parts break at maturity into angular pieces to expose the spores
member: #giant_puffball__giantpuffball__Calvatia_gigantea huge edible puffball up to 2 feet diameter and 25 pounds in weight
member: #family_Geastraceae__Geastraceae a family of earthstar fungi belonging to the order Lycoperdales
member: #earthstar any fungus of the family Geastraceae; in form suggesting a puffball whose outer peridium splits into the shape of a star
member: #genus_Geastrum__Geastrum type genus of Geastraceae; fungi whose outer peridium when dry splits into starlike segments
member: #genus_Radiigera__Radiigera a genus of fungus belonging to the family Geastraceae
member: #Radiigera_fuscogleba a fungus similar to an earthstar except that it does not open up; the spore mass is brown at maturity with a column of sterile tissue extending up into it
member: #genus_Astreus__Astreus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Geastraceae
member: #order_Nidulariales__Nidulariales small order of basidiomycetous fungi comprising families Nidulariaceae and Sphaerobolaceae
member: #family_Nidulariaceae__Nidulariaceae bird's-nest fungi
member: #bird's-nest_fungus any of various fungi of the family Nidulariaceae having a cup-shaped body containing several egg-shaped structure enclosing the spores
member: #genus_Nidularia__Nidularia type genus of the Nidulariaceae
member: #family_Sphaerobolaceae__Sphaerobolaceae monotypic family of fungi in which the more or less spherical gleba is forcibly ejected at maturity
member: #order_Secotiales__Secotiales an order of fungi belonging to the class Gasteromycetes
member: #family_Secotiaceae__Secotiaceae a family of fungi that have a stalk and cap and a wrinkled mass of tissue (the gleba) where spores are produced; are often dismissed as misshapen forms of other fungi
member: #genus_Gastrocybe__Gastrocybe a genus of fungi of the family Secotiaceae
member: #Gastrocybe_lateritia a species of Gastrocybe fungus that has a conic cap and a thin stalk; at first the stalk is upright but as it matures the stalk bends over and then downward; the cap then gelatinizes and a slimy mass containing the spores falls to the ground as the stalk collapses
member: #genus_Macowanites__Macowanites a stout-stemmed genus of fungus belonging to the family Secotiaceae having fruiting bodies that never expand completely
member: #Macowanites_americanus a small fungus with a fragile cap that cracks to expose the white context and a white stalk that is practically enclosed by the cap
member: #genus_Gastroboletus__Gastroboletus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Secotiaceae; they resemble boletes but the spores are not discharged from the basidium
member: #Gastroboletus_scabrosus a dingy yellow brown fungus with a rough stalk that superficially resembles a bolete
member: #Gastroboletus_turbinatus a fungus with a cap that can vary from red to dark brown; superficially resembles a bolete
member: #order_Aphyllophorales__Aphyllophorales includes chiefly saprophytic fungi typically with shelflike bodies; sometimes placed in class Hymenomycetes or included in Agaricales
member: #family_Polyporaceae__Polyporaceae fungi that become corky or woody with age, often forming shelflike growths on trees
member: #genus_Albatrellus__Albatrellus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae
member: #Albatrellus_dispansus a rare fungus having a large (up to 14 inches wide) yellow fruiting body with multiple individual caps and a broad central stalk and a fragrant odor
member: #Albatrellus_ovinus__sheep_polypore__sheeppolypore a fungus with a whitish often circular cap and a white pore surface and small pores and a white central stalk; found under conifers; edible but not popular
member: #genus_Neolentinus__Neolentinus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae
member: #Neolentinus_ponderosus a gilled polypore with a large cap (up to 15 inches in diameter) and a broad stalk; edible when young and tender
member: #genus_Nigroporus__Nigroporus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae
member: #Nigroporus_vinosus a woody pore fungus with a dark brown to red brown cap and spore surface and small pores
member: #genus_Oligoporus__Oligoporus a genus of fungi belonging to the family Polyporaceae
member: #Oligoporus_leucospongia a pore fungus with a whitish cottony soft cap found on conifer logs in forests at high elevation in the western United States and adjacent Canada
member: #genus_Polyporus__Polyporus type genus of the Polyporaceae; includes important pathogens of e.g. birches and conifers
member: #Polyporus_tenuiculus a fungus with a whitish kidney-shaped cap and elongated pores; causes white rot in dead hardwoods
member: #hen-of-the-woods__hen_of_the_woods__Polyporus_frondosus__Grifola_frondosa large grayish-brown edible fungus forming a mass of overlapping caps that somewhat resembles a hen at the base of trees
member: #Polyporus_squamosus__scaly_polypore__scalypolypore a fungus with a lateral stalk (when there is a stalk) and a scaly cap that becomes nearly black in maturity; widely distributed in the northern hemisphere
member: #genus_Fomes__Fomes genus of bracket fungi forming corky or woody perennial shelflike sporophores often of large size; includes some that cause destructive heartrot in trees
member: #Fomes_igniarius__agaric fungus used in the preparation of punk for fuses
member: #family_Fistulinaceae__Fistulinaceae a family of fungi closely related to the family Polyporaceae except that the tubes on the undersurface of the cap are separate from each other
member: #genus_Fistulina__Fistulina fungi having each pore separate though crowded
member: #beefsteak_fungus__Fistulina_hepatica a popular edible fungus with a cap the color of liver or raw meat; abundant in southeastern United States
member: #class_Tiliomycetes__Tiliomycetes category used in some systems to comprise the two orders Ustilaginales (smuts) and Uredinales (rusts)
member: #order_Ustilaginales__Ustilaginales parasitic fungi causing smuts; sometimes placed in class Tiliomycetes
member: #smut_fungus__smut any fungus of the order Ustilaginales
member: #family_Ustilaginaceae__Ustilaginaceae a fungus family of loose smuts
member: #cornsmut__corn_smut a smut fungus attacking Indian corn
member: #genus_Sphacelotheca__Sphacelotheca genus of smut fungus
member: #head_smut__Sphacelotheca_reiliana smut fungus attacking heads of corn or sorghum and causing a covered smut
member: #family_Tilletiaceae__Tilletiaceae a family of smut fungi having a simple promycelium bearing the spores in an apical cluster
member: #genus_Tilletia__Tilletia a genus of fungi belonging to the family Tilletiaceae
member: #Tilletia_caries__bunt fungus that destroys kernels of wheat by replacing them with greasy masses of smelly spores
member: #Tilletia_foetida__bunt__stinking_smut similar to Tilletia caries
member: #genus_Urocystis__Urocystis a genus of smut fungi belonging to the family Tilletiaceae
member: #flag_smut_fungus a smut fungus causing a smut in cereals and other grasses that chiefly affects leaves and stems and is characterized chains of sori within the plant tissue that later rupture releasing black masses of spores
member: #family_Septobasidiaceae__Septobasidiaceae a family of fungi belonging to the subdivision Basidiomycota
member: #genus_Septobasidium__Septobasidium type genus of Septobasidiaceae: smooth shelf fungi usually having a well-developed sometimes thick-walled hypobasidium
member: #felt_fungus__Septobasidium_pseudopedicellatum fungus that frequently encircles twigs and branches of various trees especially citrus trees in southern United States
member: #subdivision_Ascomycota__Ascomycota__Ascomycotina__subdivision_Ascomycotina a large subdivision of Eumycota including Hemiascomycetes and Plectomycetes and Pyrenomycetes and Discomycetes; sac fungi; in some classification systems considered a division of the kingdom Fungi
member: #order_Helotiales__Helotiales order of fungi having asci in a disk- to goblet-shaped apothecium
member: #family_Helotiaceae__Helotiaceae a fungus family of order Helotiales
member: #genus_Helotium__Helotium type genus of the Helotiaceae
member: #family_Sclerotiniaceae__Sclerotiniaceae a fungus family of order Helotiales
member: #genus_Sclerotinia large genus of ascomycetous fungi including various destructive plant pathogens
member: #sclerotinia any fungus of the genus Sclerotinia; some causing brown rot diseases in plants
member: #brown_cup__browncup a variety of sclerotinia
member: #family_Geoglossaceae__Geoglossaceae a family of fungi belonging to the order Helotiales
member: #genus_Geoglossum__Geoglossum type genus of the Geoglossaceae comprising the earthtongues
member: #earthtongue any club-shaped fungus of the genus Geoglossum
member: #order_Tuberales__Tuberales small order of fungi belonging to the subdivision Ascomycota having closed underground ascocarps
member: #family_Tuberaceae__Tuberaceae family of fungi whose ascocarps resemble tubers and vary in size from that of an acorn to that of a large apple
member: #genus_Tuber__Tuber type genus of the Tuberaceae: fungi whose fruiting bodies are typically truffles
member: #earth-ball__earthball__truffle__earthnut any of various highly prized edible subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber; grow naturally in southwestern Europe
member: #sac_fungus any of various ascomycetous fungi in which the spores are formed in a sac or ascus
member: #class_Ascomycetes__Ascomycetes large class of higher fungi coextensive with division Ascomycota: sac fungi
member: #subclass_Euascomycetes__Euascomycetes category not used in many classification systems
member: #subclass_Discomycetes__Discomycetes a large and taxonomically difficult group of Ascomycetes in which the fleshy fruiting body is disklike or cup-shaped
member: #discomycete__cupfungu any fungus that is a member of the subclass Discomycetes
member: #order_Pezizales__Pezizales order of mostly saprophytic fungi having cup-shaped ascocarps
member: #family_Pezizaceae__Pezizaceae large family comprising many typical cup fungi
member: #genus_Peziza__Peziza type genus of the Pezizaceae: a variety of cup fungus
member: #Peziza_domicilina a discomycetous fungus of the genus Peziza; the fragile fruiting body is a ghostly white but stains yellow when broken; favors strongly alkaline habitats
member: #blood_cup__bloodcup__fairy_cup__fairycup__Peziza_coccinea a scarlet European fungus with cup-shaped ascocarp
member: #genus_Plectania__Plectania genus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae closely related to and often included in genus Peziza
member: #family_Sarcoscyphaceae__Sarcoscyphaceae family of fungi belonging to the order Pezizales
member: #family_Helvellaceae__Helvellaceae family of false morels or lorchels; some are edible and some are poisonous
member: #genus_Morchella__Morchella genus of edible fungi: morel
member: #morel any of various edible mushrooms of the genus Morchella having a brownish spongelike cap
member: #common_morel__Morchella_esculenta__sponge_mushroom__sponge_morel an edible and choice morel with a globular to elongate head with an irregular pattern of pits and ridges
member: #false_morel a fungus of the family Helvellaceae
member: #lorchel a large fungus of the family Helvellaceae
member: #genus_Helvella type genus of the Helvellaceae
member: #Helvella_sulcata a helvella with an irregularly convoluted cap that is dark brown when young and becomes dull gray with age; the lower surface of the cap is smooth and pale gray; the stalk is thick and deeply fluted
member: #helvella any fungus of the genus Helvella having the ascocarps stalked or pleated or often in folds
member: #Helvella_crispa__miter_mushroom__mitermushroom a helvella with a saddle-shaped fertile part and creamy color; the stalk is fluted and pitted
member: #Helvella_acetabulum a helvella with a cup-shaped fertile body having a brown interior; the stalk is creamy white and heavily ribbed
member: #genus_Discina a genus of fungi of the family Helvellaceae with a cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting body and ornamented spores
member: #Discina_macrospora a discina with a flat or saucer-shaped fertile body that is brown on the upper surface; has a short stalk; not recommended for eating
member: #genus_Gyromitra a genus of fungi of the family Helvellaceae with a fertile portion that is tan to brown
member: #Gyromitra_californica__California_false_morel a gyromitra with a brown puffed up fertile part and a thick fluted stalk; found under conifers in California
member: #Gyromitra_sphaerospora__round-spored_gyromitra a gyromitra with a brown puffed up fertile part and a rosy pink fluted stalk and smooth round spores; found on hardwood slash east of the Great Plains
member: #Gyromitra_esculenta__brain_mushroom__brainmushroom__beefsteak_morel__beefsteakmorel a poisonous gyromitra; the surface of the fertile body is smooth at first and becomes progressively undulating and wrinkled (but never truly pitted); color varies from dull yellow to brown
member: #Gyromitra_infula__saddled-shaped_false_morel a poisonous fungus; saddle-shaped and dull yellow to brown fertile part is relatively even
member: #Gyromitra_fastigiata__Gyromitra_brunnea a lorchel with deep brownish red fertile part and white stalk
member: #Gyromitra_gigas a gyromitra with a large irregular stalk and fertile part that is yellow to brown and wrinkled; has early fruiting time
member: #family_Morchellaceae__Morchellaceae a family of edible fungi including the true morels
member: #Disciotis_venosa__cup_morel__cupmorel an edible morel with a cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting body can be up to 20 cm wide; the fertile surface inside the cup has wrinkles radiating from the center; can be easily confused with inedible mushrooms
member: #Verpa__bell_morel a morel whose fertile portion resembles a bell and is attached to the stipe only at the top
member: #Verpa_conica__conic_Verpa a morel with a fertile portion that has a relatively smooth surface; the stalk is fragile
member: #black_morel__blackmorel__Morchella_conica__conic_morel__conicmorel__Morchella_angusticeps__narrowhead_morel a morel whose pitted fertile body is attached to the stalk with little free skirt around it; the fertile body is gray when young and black in old age
member: #Morchella_crassipes__thick-footed_morel a delicious morel with a conic fertile portion having deep and irregular pits
member: #Morchella_semilibera__half-free_morel__cow's_head__cow'shead a morel with the ridged and pitted fertile portion attached to the stipe for about half its length
member: #ascomycete__ascomycetous_fungus any fungus of the class Ascomycetes (or subdivision Ascomycota) in which the spores are formed inside an ascus
member: #class_Hemiascomycetes__Hemiascomycetes class of fungi in which no ascocarps are formed: yeasts and some plant parasites
member: #order_Endomycetales__Endomycetales fungi having a zygote or a single cell developing directly into an ascus
member: #family_Saccharomycetaceae__Saccharomycetaceae family of fungi comprising the typical yeasts: reproduce by budding and ferment carbohydrates
member: #genus_Saccharomyces__Saccharomyces single-celled yeasts that reproduce asexually by budding; used to ferment carbohydrates
member: #baker's_yeast__baker'syeast__brewer's_yeast__Saccharomyces_cerevisiae used as a leaven in baking and brewing
member: #wine-maker's_yeast__Saccharomyces_ellipsoides used in making wine
member: #yeast any of various single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or division
member: #family_Schizosaccharomycetaceae__Schizosaccharomycetaceae a family of fungi belonging to order Endomycetales
member: #genus_Schizosaccharomyces__Schizosaccharomyces type and only genus of Schizosaccharomycetaceae; comprises the fission yeasts
member: #class_Plectomycetes__Plectomycetes class of fungi in which the fruiting body is a cleistothecium (it releases spores only on decay or disintegration)
member: #order_Eurotiales__Eurotiales__Aspergillales__order_Aspergillales order of fungi having a closed ascocarp (cleistothecium) with the asci scattered rather than gathered in a hymenium
member: #genus_Eurotium__Eurotium a genus of fungi belonging to the order Eurotiales
member: #family_Aspergillaceae__Aspergillaceae family of fungi including some common molds
member: #genus_Aspergillus__Aspergillus genus of common molds causing food spoilage and some pathogenic to plants and animals
member: #genus_Thielavia__Thielavia genus of fungi having spherical brown perithecia and some conidia borne in chains; cause root rot
member: #brown_root_rot_fungus__Thielavia_basicola fungus causing brown root rot in plants of the pea and potato and cucumber families
member: #class_Pyrenomycetes__Pyrenomycetes class of fungi in which the fruiting body is a perithecium; includes powdery mildews and ergot and neurospora
member: #order_Erysiphales__Erysiphales saprophytic and parasitic fungi that live on plants
member: #family_Erysiphaceae__Erysiphaceae family of fungi parasitic mostly on leaves; includes powdery mildews
member: #genus_Erysiphe__Erysiphe genus of powdery mildews
member: #powdery_mildew__powderymildew any of various fungi of the genus Erysiphe producing powdery conidia on the host surface
member: #order_Sphaeriales__Sphaeriales large order of ascomycetous fungi usually having a dark hard perithecia with definite ostioles; in more recent classifications often divided among several orders
member: #family_Sphaeriaceae__Sphaeriaceae parasitic fungi having globose and sometimes necked or beaked perithecia
member: #genus_Neurospora__Neurospora genus of fungi with black perithecia used extensively in genetic research; includes some forms with orange spore masses that cause severe damage in bakeries
member: #family_Ceratostomataceae__Ceratostomataceae fungi having carbonous perithecia with long necks
member: #genus_Ceratostomella__Ceratostomella genus of fungi forming continuous hyaline spores
member: #Dutch_elm_fungus__Ceratostomella_ulmi fungus causing Dutch elm disease
member: #family_Hypocreaceae__Hypocreaceae family of fungi having brightly colored fleshy or membranous ascocarps; sometimes placed in its own order Hypocreales
member: #genus_Claviceps__Claviceps fungi parasitic upon the ovaries of various grasses
member: #Claviceps_purpurea__ergot a fungus that infects various cereal plants forming compact black masses of branching filaments that replace many grains of the plant; source of medicinally important alkaloids and of lysergic acid
member: #family_Xylariaceae__Xylariaceae family of fungi characterized by dark brown to back spores
member: #genus_Xylaria__Xylaria type genus of Xylariaceae; fungi with perithecia in the upper part of erect black woody stromata
member: #black_root_rot_fungus__Xylaria_mali fungus causing black root rot in apples
member: #dead-man's-fingers__dead-men's-fingers__Xylaria_polymorpha the fruiting bodies of the fungi of the genus Xylaria
member: #genus_Rosellinia__Rosellinia fungi having smooth perithecia with dark one-celled ascospores
member: #order_Hypocreales__Hypocreales used in some classifications for the family Hypocreaceae
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