#judicial_proceeding__proceeding__legal_proceeding__legalproceeding__proceedings__proceeding  (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked
  supertype:  due_process_of_law__due_process__dueproces  (law) the administration of justice according to established rules and principles; based on the principle that a person cannot be deprived of life or liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards
  subtype:  foreclosure  the legal proceedings initiated by a creditor to repossess the collateral for loan that is in default
  subtype:  procedure  a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings
     subtype:  bureaucratic_procedure__red_tape__redtape  needlessly time-consuming procedure
  subtype:  legal_action__legalaction__action__action_at_law  a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong
     subtype:  antitrust_case__antitrustcase  a legal action brought against parties who are charged with limiting free competition in the market place
     subtype:  counterclaim  a claim filed in opposition to another claim in a legal action
     subtype:  custody_case__custodycase  a legal action to determine custody (usually of children following a divorce)
     subtype:  test_case__test_suit  a representative legal action whose outcome is likely to become a precedent
     subtype:  lis_pendens__lispenden  a pending lawsuit
  subtype:  lawsuit__suit__case__cause__causa  (law) a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy; "the family brought suit against the landlord"
     subtype:  civil_suit__civilsuit  a lawsuit alleging violations of civil law by the defendant
     subtype:  class_action__classaction__class-action_suit  a lawsuit brought by a representative member of a large group of people on behalf of all members of the group
     subtype:  criminal_suit  a lawsuit alleging violations of criminal law by the defendant
     subtype:  paternity_suit__paternitysuit__bastardy_proceeding  a lawsuit filed to determine the father of a child born out of wedlock (and to provide for the support of the child once paternity is determined)
  subtype:  adoption  a legal proceeding that creates a parent-child relation between persons not related by blood; the adopted child is entitled to all privileges belonging to a natural child of the adoptive parents (including the right to inherit)
  subtype:  appeal  a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial
  subtype:  bankruptcy  a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared in bankruptcy
  subtype:  receivership.judicial_proceeding  a court action that places property under the control of a receiver during litigation so that it can be preserved for the benefit of all
  subtype:  litigation  a judicial proceeding
     subtype:  custody_battle__custodybattle  litigation to settle custody of the children of a divorced couple
  subtype:  naturalization__naturalisation  the proceeding whereby a foreigner is granted citizenship
  subtype:  trial  (law) legal proceedings consisting of the judicial examination of issues by a competent tribunal; "most of these complaints are settled before they go to trial"
     subtype:  mistrial  a trial that is invalid or inconclusive
     subtype:  retrial  a new trial in which issues already litigated and to which the court has already rendered a verdict or decision are reexamined by the same court; occurs when the initial trial is found to have been improper or unfair due to procedural errors
  subtype:  trial.judicial_proceeding  (law) the determination of a person's innocence or guilt by due process of law; "he had a fair trial and the jury found him guilty"
     subtype:  show_trial  a trial held for show; the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance
     subtype:  court-martial__courtmartial  a trial by court martial
     subtype:  Scopes_trial  a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed
  subtype:  review  (law) a judicial reexamination of the proceedings of a court (especially by an appellate court)
     subtype:  bill_of_review  a proceeding brought to obtain an explanation or an alteration or a reversal of a decree by the court that rended it
     subtype:  judicial_review  review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court
  subtype:  hearing  a proceeding (usually by a court of law) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence
     subtype:  administrative_hearing  a hearing that takes place outside the judicial process before hearing examiners who have been granted judicial authority specifically for the purpose of conducting such hearings
     subtype:  competence_hearing  a hearing to determine legal capacity (to determine whether the defendant can understand the charges and cooperate with a lawyer in preparing a defense)
     subtype:  fair_hearing  a hearing that is granted in extraordinary situations where the normal judicial process would be inadequate to secure due process because the person would be harmed or denied their rights before a judicial remedy became available (as in deportation or loss of welfare benefits)
     subtype:  quo_warranto__quowarranto  a hearing to determine by what authority someone has an office or franchise or liberty

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