#illness__illnes__sickness impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism
supertype: #ill_health__illhealth__unhealthiness__unhealthines__healthproblem a state in which you are unable to function normally and without pain
subtype: #ague a fit of shivering
subtype: #amyloidosis__amyloidosi a disorder characterized by deposit of amyloid in organs or tissues; often secondary to chronic rheumatoid arthritis or tuberculosis or multiple myeloma
subtype: #anuresis__anuria inability to urinate
subtype: #catastrophic_illness severe illness requiring prolonged hospitalization or recovery; usually involves high costs for hospitals and doctors and medicines
subtype: #collapse an abrupt failure of function or health
subtype: #crack-up__crackup__breakdown a mental or physical breakdown
subtype: #nervous_breakdown__nervousbreakdown a severe or incapacitating emotional disorder
subtype: #nervous_exhaustion__nervousexhaustion__nervous_prostration__nervousprostration an emotional disorder that leaves you exhausted and unable to work
subtype: #neurasthenia nervous breakdown (not in technical use)
subtype: #shock (pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor
subtype: #cardiogenic_shock__cardiogenicshock shock caused by cardiac arrest
subtype: #hypovolemic_shock__hypovolemicshock shock caused by severe blood or fluid loss
subtype: #obstructive_shock__obstructiveshock shock caused by obstruction of blood flow
subtype: #distributive_shock shock caused by poor distribution of the blood flow
subtype: #insulin_shock__insulinshock__insulin_reaction__insulinreaction hypoglycemia produced by excessive insulin in the system causing coma
subtype: #decompression_sickness__aeroembolism__air_embolism__airembolism__gas_embolism__gasembolism__caisson_disease__caissondisease__bends__bend pain resulting from rapid change in pressure
subtype: #food_poisoning__gastrointestinal_disorder illness caused by poisonous or contaminated food
subtype: #botulism food poisoning from ingesting botulin; affects the CNS; can be fatal if not treated promptly
subtype: #mushroom_poisoning toxic condition caused by eating certain species of mushrooms (especially Amanita species)
subtype: #ptomaine_poisoning__ptomaine a term for food poisoning that is no longer in scientific use; food poisoning was once thought to be caused by ingesting ptomaines
subtype: #salmonellosis__salmonellosi a kind of food poisoning caused by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium
subtype: #lead_poisoning__plumbism__saturnism toxic condition produced by the absorption of excessive lead into the system
subtype: #disease an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
subtype: #aspergillosis__aspergillosi disease especially in agricultural workers caused by inhalation of Aspergillus spores causing lumps in skin and ears and respiratory organs
subtype: #blackwater any of several human or animal diseases characterized by dark urine resulting from rapid breakdown of red blood cells
subtype: #cat_scratch_disease__catscratchdisease a disease thought to be transmitted to humans by a scratch from a cat
subtype: #complication.disease any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another disease; "bed sores are a common complication in cases of paralysis"
subtype: #endemic_disease__endemicdisease__endemic a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in people of a certain class or in people living in a particular location
subtype: #enteropathy a disease of the intestinal tract
subtype: #intestinal_obstruction__ileus__ileu blockage of the intestine (especially the ileum) that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing to the lower bowel
subtype: #incompetence inability of a part or organ to function properly
subtype: #hypogonadism incompetence of the gonads (especially in the male with low testosterone)
subtype: #valvular_incompetence inability of a bodily valve to close completely
subtype: #Kawasaki_disease__mucocutaneous_lymph_node_syndrome an acute disease of young children characterized by a rash and swollen lymph nodes and fever; of unknown cause
subtype: #pycnosis__pyknosis a degenerative state of the cell nucleus
subtype: #Marseilles_fever__Kenya_fever__Indian_tick_fever__boutonneuse_fever__boutonneusefever a disease (common in India and around the Mediterranean area) caused by a rickettsia that is transmitted to humans by a reddish brown tick (ixodid) that lives on dogs and other mammals
subtype: #Meniere's_disease a disease of the inner ear characterized by episodes of dizziness and tinnitus and progressive hearing loss (usually unilateral)
subtype: #milk_sickness caused by consuming milk from cattle suffering from trembles
subtype: #mimesis.disease any disease that shows symptoms characteristic of another disease
subtype: #myasthenia_gravis__myasthenia a chronic progressive disease characterized by chronic fatigue and muscular weakness (especially in the face and neck); caused by a deficiency of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions
subtype: #occupational_disease__industrial_disease disease or disability resulting from conditions of employment (usually from long exposure to a noxious substance or from continuous repetition of certain acts)
subtype: #onychosis__onychosi any disease or disorder of the nails
subtype: #onycholysis__onycholysi separation of a nail from its normal attachment to the nail bed
subtype: #rheumatism any painful disorder of the joints or muscles or connective tissues
subtype: #periarteritis_nodosa__periarteritisnodosa__polyarteritis_nodosa__polyarteritisnodosa a progressive disease of connective tissue that is characterized by nodules along arteries; nodules may block the artery and result in inadequate circulation to the particular area
subtype: #periodontal_disease__periodontaldisease__periodontitis__periodontiti a disease that attacks the gum and bone and around the teeth
subtype: #pyorrhea_alveolaris__pyorrhea__pyorrhoea__Riggs'_disease chronic periodontitis; purulent inflammation of the teeth sockets
subtype: #pericementoclasia pus pocket formation around a tooth
subtype: #alveolar_resorption wasting of the bony socket
subtype: #gingivitis inflammation of the gums
subtype: #ulatrophia recession of the gums
subtype: #liver_disease__liverdisease a disease affecting the liver
subtype: #cirrhosis_of_the_liver__cirrhosis__cirrhosi a chronic disease interfering with the normal functioning of the liver; the major cause is chronic alcoholism
subtype: #fatty_liver__fattyliver yellow discoloration as a result of the accumulation of certain fats (triglycerides) in the liver; can be caused by alcoholic cirrhosis or pregnancy or exposure to certain toxins
subtype: #hepatitis__hepatiti inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin
subtype: #viral_hepatitis__viralhepatiti hepatitis caused by a virus
subtype: #hepatitis_A__infectious_hepatitis an acute but benign form of viral hepatitis caused by an RNA virus that does not persist in the blood serum and is usually transmitted by ingesting food or drink that is contaiminated with fecal matter
subtype: #hepatitis_B__serum_hepatitis an acute (sometimes fatal) form of viral hepatitis caused by a DNA virus that tends to persist in the blood serum and is transmitted by sexual contact or by transfusion or by ingestion of contaminated blood or other bodily fluids
subtype: #hepatitis_C a viral hepatitis clinically indistinguishable from hepatitis B but caused by a single-stranded RNA virus; usually transmitted by parenteral means (as injection of an illicit drug or blood transfusion or exposure to blood or blood products)
subtype: #hepatitis_delta__hepatitisdelta__delta_hepatitis__deltahepatiti a severe form of hepatitis
subtype: #liver_cancer__livercancer__cancer_of_the_liver malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness and bloating and jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort
subtype: #communicable_disease a disease that can be communicated from one person to another
subtype: #contagious_disease__contagion any disease easily transmitted by contact
subtype: #influenza__flu__grippe an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease
subtype: #Asiatic_flu influenza caused by the Asian virus that was first isolated in 1957
subtype: #measles__rubeola an acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children
subtype: #German_measles__rubella__threedaymeasle__epidemic_roseola a contagious viral disease that is a milder form of measles lasting three or four days; can be damaging to a fetus during the first trimester
subtype: #diphtheria acute contagious bacterial infection marked by the formation of a false membrane in the throat and other air passages causing difficulty in breathing
subtype: #scarlet_fever__scarletfever__scarlatina an acute communicable disease (usually in children) characterized by fever and a red rash
subtype: #pox a contagious disease characterized by purulent skin eruptions that may leave pock marks
subtype: #smallpox__variola a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever and weakness and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs that slough off leaving scars
subtype: #chickenpox__varicella an acute contagious disease caused by herpes varicella zoster virus; causes a rash of vesicles on the face and body
subtype: #Vincent's_angina__Vincent's_infection__trench_mouth an acute communicable infection of the respiratory tract and mouth marked by ulceration of the mucous membrane
subtype: #venereal_disease__VD__social_disease__Cupid's_itch__Cupid's_disease__Venus's_curse__sexually_transmitted_disease a communicable disease transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact
subtype: #genital_herpes__herpes_genitalis an infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) that is usually transmitted by sexual contact; marked by recurrent attacks of painful eruptions on the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area
subtype: #gonorrhea__gonorrhoea__clap a common venereal disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae; symptoms are painful urination and pain around the urethra
subtype: #granuloma_inguinale__granulomainguinale__granuloma_venereum__granulomavenereum a venereal disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Calymmatobacterium; characterized by a pimply rash of the skin in the genital and groin region
subtype: #syphilis__syph__pox a common venereal disease caused by the Treponema pallidum spirochete; symptoms change through progressive stages; can be congenital (transmitted through the placenta)
subtype: #primary_syphilis the first stage; characterized by a chancre at the site of infection
subtype: #secondary_syphilis the second stage; characterized by eruptions of the skin and mucous membrane
subtype: #tertiary_syphilis the third stage; characterized by involvement of internal organs especially the brain and spinal cord as well as the heart and liver
subtype: #neurosyphilis__neurosyphili syphilis of the central nervous system
subtype: #tabes_dorsalis__locomotor_ataxia__locomotorataxia syphilis of the spinal cord characterized by degeneration of sensory neurons and stabbing pains in the trunk and legs and unsteady gait and incontinence and impotence
subtype: #infectious_disease a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact
subtype: #AIDS__acquired_immune_deficiency_syndrome a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles
subtype: #undulant_fever__brucellosis__Malta_fever__Gibraltar_fever__Rock_fever__Mediterranean_fever infectious bacterial disease of human beings transmitted by contact with infected animals or infected meat or milk products; characterized by fever and headache
subtype: #epidemic_cholera__cholera__Asiatic_cholera__Indian_cholera an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food
subtype: #dengue_fever__dengue__dandy_fever__dandyfever__breakbone_fever an infectious disease of the tropics transmitted by mosquitoes and characterized by rash and aching head and joints
subtype: #dysentery an infection of the intestines marked by severe diarrhea
subtype: #amebic_dysentery__amoebic_dysentery__amoebicdysentery inflammation of the intestines caused by Endamoeba histolytica; usually acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated with feces; characterized by severe diarrhea
subtype: #shigellosis__bacillary_dysentery__bacillarydysentery an acute infection of the intestine by Shigella bacteria; characterized by diarrhea and fever and abdominal pains
subtype: #epidemic_disease any infectious disease that develops and spreads rapidly to many people
subtype: #plague.epidemic_disease__pestilence any epidemic disease with a high death rate
subtype: #plague a serious (sometimes fatal) infection transmitted by the bite of an infected rat flea (especially bubonic plague)
subtype: #bubonic_plague__bubonicplague plague characterized by delirium and the formation of buboes
subtype: #Black_Death__black_plague__blackplague the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe
subtype: #pneumonic_plague__pneumonicplague characterized by lung involvement
subtype: #septicemic_plague an especially dangerous form in which infecting organisms invade the bloodstream
subtype: #epidemic_pleurodynia__epidemic_myalgia__myosis__diaphragmatic_pleurisy__diaphragmaticpleurisy__Bornholm_disease an acute infectious disease occurring in epidemic form and featuring paroxysms of pain (usually in the chest)
subtype: #hepatitis__hepatiti inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin
subtype: #herpes viral diseases causing eruptions of the skin or mucous membrane
subtype: #herpes_simplex an infection caused by the herpes simples virus; affects the skin and nervous system; produces small temporary (but sometimes painful) blisters on the skin and mucous membranes
subtype: #oral_herpes__herpes_labialis__cold_sore__fever_blister__feverblister caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
subtype: #genital_herpes__herpes_genitalis an infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) that is usually transmitted by sexual contact; marked by recurrent attacks of painful eruptions on the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area
subtype: #herpes_zoster__zoster__shingles eruptions along a nerve path often accompanied by severe neuralgia
subtype: #infectious_mononucleosis__mononucleosis__mononucleosi__mono__glandular_fever__glandularfever__kissing_disease__kissingdisease an acute disease characterized by fever and swollen lymph nodes and an abnormal increase of mononuclear leucocytes or monocytes in the bloodstream; not highly contagious; some believe it can be transmitted by kissing
subtype: #Lassa_fever a serious contagious viral disease of central western Africa; characterized by fever and inflammation and muscular pains and difficulty swallowing
subtype: #leprosy__hansen'sdisease chronic granulomatous communicable disease occurring in tropical and subtropical regions; characterized by inflamed nodules beneath the skin and wasting of body parts; caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae
subtype: #tuberculoid_leprosy leprosy characterized by tumors in the skin and cutaneous nerves
subtype: #lepromatous_leprosy a very serious form of leprosy characterized by lesions that spread over much of the body and affecting many systems of the body
subtype: #listeriosis__listeriosi an infectious disease common to many animals and occasionally transmitted to humans (especially to newborn or immunosuppressed persons)
subtype: #lymphogranuloma_venereum__lymphogranulomavenereum__LGV__lymphopathia_venereum infectious disease caused by a species of chlamydia bacterium; transmitted by sexual contact; characterized by genital lesions and swelling of lymph nodes in the groin
subtype: #meningitis infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) caused by a bacterial infection; symptoms include headache and stiff neck and fever and nausea
subtype: #cerebrospinal_meningitis__epidemic_meningitis__brain_fever__brainfever__cerebrospinal_fever__cerebrospinalfever meningitis caused by bacteria and often fatal
subtype: #leptomeningitis inflammation of the leptomeninges
subtype: #mumps__mump__epidemic_parotitis an acute contagious viral disease characterized by fever and by swelling of the parotid glands
subtype: #paratyphoid_fever__paratyphoidfever__paratyphoid any of a variety of infectious intestinal diseases resembling typhoid fever
subtype: #acute_anterior_poliomyelitis__poliomyelitis__poliomyeliti__polio__infantileparalysi an acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord
subtype: #ratbite_fever__ratbitefever either of two infectious diseases transmitted to humans by the bite of a rat or mouse; characterized by fever and headache and nausea and skin eruptions
subtype: #Haverhill_fever the form of ratbite fever occurring in the United States
subtype: #sodoku__spirillum_fever the form of ratbite fever occurring in the Far East
subtype: #rickettsial_disease__rickettsialdisease__rickettsiosis__rickettsiosi infectious disease caused by ticks or mites or body lice infected with rickettsial bacteria
subtype: #typhus_fever__typhus rickettsial disease transmitted by body lice and characterized by skin rash and high fever
subtype: #murine_typhus__rat_typhus__urban_typhus__endemic_typhus acute infection caused by rickettsia and transmitted by the bite of an infected flea; characterized by fever and chills and muscle aches and a rash
subtype: #spotted_fever__spottedfever any of several severe febrile diseases characterized by skin rashes or spots on the skin
subtype: #Rocky_Mountain_spotted_fever__mountain_fever__tick_fever caused by rickettsial bacteria and transmitted by wood ticks
subtype: #Q_fever an acute disease resembling influenza
subtype: #ricketsialpox mild infectious rickettsial disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Rickettsia transmitted to humans by the bite a mite that lives on rodents; characterized by chills and fever and headache and skin lesions that resemble chickenpox
subtype: #trench_fever marked by pain in muscles and joints and transmitted by lice
subtype: #tsutsugamushi_disease__tsutsugamushidisease__scrub_typhus transmitted by larval mites and widespread in Asia
subtype: #relapsing_fever__recurrent_fever marked by recurring high fever and transmitted by the bite of infected lice or ticks; characterized by episodes of high fever and chills and headache and muscle pain and nausea that recur every week or ten days for several months
subtype: #rheumatic_fever a severe disease chiefly of children and characterized by painful inflammation of the joints and frequently damage to the heart valves
subtype: #miliary_fever__miliaryfever__sweating_sickness epidemic in the 15th and 16th centuries and characterized by profuse sweating and high mortality
subtype: #tuberculosis__TB__T.B. infection transmitted by inhalation or ingestion of tubercle bacilli and manifested in fever and small lesions (usually in the lungs but in various other parts of the body in acute stages)
subtype: #Pott's_disease TB of the spine with destruction of vertebrae resulting in curvature of the spine
subtype: #miliary_tuberculosis acute tuberculosis characterized by the appearance of tiny tubercles on one or more organs of the body (presumably resulting from tubercle bacilli being spread in the bloodstream)
subtype: #pulmonary_tuberculosis__consumption__phthisi__wasting_disease__wastingdisease__white_plague__whiteplague involving the lungs with progressive wasting of the body
subtype: #scrofula__struma__king's_evil a form of tuberculosis characterized by swellings of the lymphatic glands
subtype: #lupus_vulgaris tuberculosis of the skin; appears first on the face and heals slowly leaving deep scars
subtype: #typhoid_fever__typhoidfever__typhoid__enteric_fever__entericfever serious infection marked by intestinal inflammation and ulceration; caused by Salmonella typhosa ingested with food or water
subtype: #whooping_cough__pertussis__pertussi a disease of the respiratory mucous membrane
subtype: #yaws__frambesia__framboesia an infectious tropical disease resembling syphilis in its early stages; marked by red skin eruptions and ulcerating lesions
subtype: #yellow_fever__yellow_jack__black_vomit__blackvomit caused by a virus transmitted by a mosquito
subtype: #common_cold__cold a mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs); "will they never find a cure for the common cold?"
subtype: #head_cold a common cold affecting the nasal passages and resulting in congestion and sneezing and headache
subtype: #exanthema_subitum__exanthemasubitum__roseola_infantum__roseolainfantum__roseola_infantilis__pseudorubella a viral disease of infants and young children; characterized by abrupt high fever and mild sore throat; a few days later there is a faint pinkish rash that lasts for a few hours to a few days
subtype: #respiratory_disease__respiratorydisease__respiratory_disorder__respiratorydisorder a disease affecting the respiratory system
subtype: #influenza__flu__grippe an acute febrile highly contagious viral disease
subtype: #whooping_cough__pertussis__pertussi a disease of the respiratory mucous membrane
subtype: #common_cold__cold a mild viral infection involving the nose and respiratory passages (but not the lungs); "will they never find a cure for the common cold?"
subtype: #bronchial_asthma__bronchialasthma__asthma__asthma_attack respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing; usually of allergic origin
subtype: #status_asthmaticus a prolonged and severe asthma attack that does not respond to standard treatment
subtype: #bronchitis inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchial tubes
subtype: #bronchiolitis__bronchioliti inflammation of the membranes lining the bronchioles
subtype: #chronic_bronchitis a form of bronchitis characterized by excess production of sputum leading to a chronic cough and obstruction of air flow
subtype: #chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease__chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease a nonreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis; usually patients have been heavy cigarette smokers
subtype: #pulmonary_emphysema__pulmonaryemphysema__emphysema an abnormal condition of the lungs marked by decreased respiratory function; associated with smoking or chronic bronchitis or old age
subtype: #chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease__chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease a nonreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis; usually patients have been heavy cigarette smokers
subtype: #pneumonia respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma (excluding the bronchi) with congestion caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
subtype: #bronchopneumonia__bronchial_pneumonia pneumonia characterized by acute inflammation of the walls of the bronchioles
subtype: #aspiration_pneumonia bronchopneumonia resulting from foreign material (usually vomit or food particles) entering the bronchi
subtype: #lobar_pneumonia pneumonia affecting one or more lobes of the lung; commonly due to streptococcal infection
subtype: #double_pneumonia lobar pneumonia involving both lungs
subtype: #Legionnaire's_disease acute (sometimes fatal) lobar pneumonia caused by bacteria of a kind first recognized after an outbreak of the disease at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in 1976; characterized by fever and muscle and chest pain and headache and chills and a dry cough
subtype: #pneumococcal_pneumonia pneumonia caused by bacteria of the genus pneumococcus
subtype: #pneumocytosis__pneumocytosi__pneumocystis_pneumonia__pneumocystis_carinii_pneumonia__interstitial_plasma_cell_pneumonia pneumonia occurring in infants or in persons with impaired immune systems (as AIDS victims)
subtype: #pleuropneumonia pleurisy and pneumonia
subtype: #viral_pneumonia__viralpneumonia pneumonia caused by a virus
subtype: #primary_atypical_pneumonia__atypical_pneumonia__mycoplasmal_pneumonia__mycoplasmalpneumonia an acute respiratory disease marked by high fever and coughing; caused by mycoplasma; primarily affecting children and young adults
subtype: #parrot_fever__psittacosis__psittacosi__ornithosis an atypical pneumonia caused by a rickettsia microorganism and transmitted to humans from infected birds
subtype: #interstitial_pneumonia chronic lung disease affecting the interstitial tissue of the lungs
subtype: #pneumoconiosis__pneumonoconiosis chronic respiratory disease caused by inhaling metallic or mineral particles
subtype: #anthracosis__anthracosi__black_lung__blacklung__blacklungdisease__coal_miner's_lung lung disease caused by inhaling coal dust
subtype: #asbestosis lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles
subtype: #siderosis__siderosi fibrosis of the lung caused by iron dust; occurs among welders and other metal workers
subtype: #silicosis__silicosi a lung disease caused by inhaling particles of silica or quartz or slate
subtype: #respiratory_distress_syndrome_of_the_newborn__respiratory_distress_syndrome__hyaline_membrane_disease an acute lung disease of the newborn (especially the premature newborn); lungs cannot expand because of a wetting agent is lacking; characterized by rapid shallow breathing and cyanosis and the formation of a glassy hyaline membrane over the alveoli
subtype: #genetic_disease__geneticdisease__genetic_disorder__geneticdisorder__genetic_abnormality__geneticabnormality__genetic_defect__geneticdefect__congenital_disease__inherited_disease__inheriteddisease__inherited_disorder__inheriteddisorder__hereditary_disease__hereditary_condition a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically
subtype: #achondroplasia__achondroplasty__osteosclerosis_congenita__chondrodystrophy an inherited skeletal disorder beginning before birth; cartilage is converted to bone resulting in dwarfism
subtype: #abetalipoproteinemia a rare inherited disorder of fat metabolism; characterized by severe deficiency of beta-lipoproteins and abnormal red blood cells (acanthocytes) and abnormally low cholesterol levels
subtype: #cystic_fibrosis__fibrocystic_disease_of_the_pancreas__pancreatic_fibrosis__mucoviscidosis a congenital disease in which the pancreas and lungs and intestines become clogged with mucus
subtype: #inborn_error_of_metabolism any of a number of diseases in which an inherited defect (usually a missing or inadequate enzyme) results in an abnormality of metabolism
subtype: #galactosemia a genetic disease (autosomal recessive) in which an enzyme needed to metabolize galactose is deficient or absent; typically develops shortly after birth
subtype: #lysinemia an inborn error of metabolism in which the lack of certain enzymes leads to an inability to metabolize the amino acid lysine; characterized by muscular weakness and mental retardation
subtype: #Niemann-Pick_disease a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
subtype: #Tay-Sachs_disease__Tay-Sachs__Sachs_disease__infantile_amaurotic_idiocy__infantileamauroticidiocy a hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism occuring most frequently in individuals of E European Jewish descent; accumulation of lipids in nervous tissue results in death in early childhood
subtype: #phenylketonuria__PKU a genetic disorder of metabolism; lack of the enzyme needed to turn phenylalanine into tyrosine results in an accumulation of phenylalanine in the body fluids which causes various degrees of mental deficiency
subtype: #Hirschsprung's_disease__congenital_megacolon congenital condition in which the colon does not have the normal network of nerves; there is little urge to defecate so the feces accumulate and cause megacolon
subtype: #mucopolysaccharidosis__mucopolysaccharidosi any of a group of genetic disorders involving a defect in the metabolism of mucopolysaccharides resulting in greater than normal levels of mucopolysaccharides in tissues
subtype: #Hurler's_syndrome__Hurler's_disease__gargoylism__dysostosis_multiplex__lipochondrodystrophy hereditary disease (autosomal recessive) consisting of an error is mucopolysaccharide metabolism; characterized by severe abnormalities in development of skeletal cartilage and bone and mental retardation
subtype: #hyperbetalipoproteinemia a genetic disorder characterized by high levels of beta-lipoproteins and cholesterol; can lead to atherosclerosis at an early age
subtype: #ichthyosis any of several congenital diseases in which the skin is fishlike (dry and scaly)
subtype: #maple_syrup_urine_disease__maplesyrupurinedisease__branched_chain_ketoaciduria an inherited disorder of metabolism in which the urine has a odor characteristic of maple syrup; if untreated it can lead to mental retardation and death in early childhood
subtype: #McArdle's_disease an inherited disease in which abnormal amounts of glycogen accumulate in skeletal muscle; results in weakness and cramping
subtype: #muscular_dystrophy__dystrophy any of several hereditary diseases of the muscular system characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles
subtype: #Duchenne's_muscular_dystrophy__pseudohypertrophic_dystrophy the most common form of muscular dystrophy; X-linked recessive (affecting only males)
subtype: #limb-girdle_muscular_dystrophy an autosomal recessive form of muscular dystrophy characterized by progressive muscular weakness beginning either in the shoulder or pelvic girdle
subtype: #myotonic_muscular_dystrophy__myotonia_atrophica__Steinert's_disease a severe form of muscular dystrophy marked by facial weakness and drooping eyelids and difficult speech and difficulty with the hands that spreads to the arms and shoulders and legs and hips
subtype: #oligodactyly congenital condition in which some fingers or toes are missing
subtype: #oligodontia congenital condition in which some of the teeth are missing
subtype: #otosclerosis hereditary disorder in which ossification of the labyrinth of the inner ear causes tinnitus and eventual deafness
subtype: #autosomal_dominant_disease__autosomal_dominant_disorder a disease caused by a dominant mutant gene on an autosome
subtype: #Huntington's_chorea__Huntington's_disease hereditary; develops in adulthood and ends in dementia
subtype: #malignant_hyperthermia__malignanthyperthermia hereditary condition in which certain anesthetics (e.g., halothane) cause high body temperatures and muscle rigidity
subtype: #Marfan's_syndrome an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elongated bones (especially of limbs and digits) and abnormalities of the eyes and circulatory system
subtype: #neurofibromatosis__neurofibromatosi__von_Recklinghausen's_disease autosomal dominant disease characterized by numerous neurofibromas and by spots on the skin and often by developmental abnormalities
subtype: #osteogenesis_imperfecta autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily
subtype: #autosomal_recessive_disease__autosomalrecessivedisease__autosomal_recessive_defect__autosomalrecessivedefect a disease caused by the presence of two recessive mutant genes on an autosome
subtype: #limb-girdle_muscular_dystrophy an autosomal recessive form of muscular dystrophy characterized by progressive muscular weakness beginning either in the shoulder or pelvic girdle
subtype: #Niemann-Pick_disease a disorder of lipid metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
subtype: #Tay-Sachs_disease__Tay-Sachs__Sachs_disease__infantile_amaurotic_idiocy__infantileamauroticidiocy a hereditary disorder of lipid metabolism occuring most frequently in individuals of E European Jewish descent; accumulation of lipids in nervous tissue results in death in early childhood
subtype: #thrombasthenia a rare autosomal recessive disease in which the platelets do not produce clots in the normal way and hemorrhage results
subtype: #tyrosinemia autosomal recessive defect in tyrosine metabolism resulting in liver and kidney disturbances and mental retardation
subtype: #Werdnig-Hoffman_disease autosomal recessive disease in which the degeneration of spinal nerve cells and brain nerve cells leads to atrophy of skeletal muscles and flaccid paralysis; death usually occurs in early childhood
subtype: #Fanconi's_anemia__Fanconi's_anaemia__congenital_pancytopenia a rare congenital anemia characterized by pancytopenia and hypoplasia of the bone marrow
subtype: #sickle-cell_anemia__sickle-cell_anaemia__sickle-cell_disease__crescent-cell_anemia__crescent-cell_anaemia__drepanocytic_anemia__drepanocytic_anaemia a congenital form of anemia occurring mostly in blacks; characterized by abnormal blood cells having a crescent shape
subtype: #Spielmeyer-Vogt_disease__juvenile_amaurotic_idiocy a congenital progressive disorder of lipid metabolism having an onset at age 5 and characterized by blindness and dementia and early death
subtype: #congenital_afibrinogenemia a rare congenital disorder of blood coagulation in which no fibrinogen is found in the blood plasma
subtype: #osteopetrosis__Albers-Schonberg_disease__marble_bones_disease an inherited disorder characterized by an increase in bone density; in severe forms the bone marrow cavity may be obliterated
subtype: #nevoid_elephantiasis__pachyderma thickening of the skin (usually unilateral on an extremity) caused by congenital enlargement of lymph vessel and lymph vessel obstruction
subtype: #dwarfism__nanism a genetic abnormality resulting in short stature
subtype: #pycnodysostosis__pycnodysostosi a form of dwarfism accompanied by fragile bones and bad teeth
subtype: #lactose_intolerance__lactoseintolerance__lactase_deficiency__lactasedeficiency__milk_intolerance congenital disorder consisting of an inability to digest milk and milk products; absence or deficiency of lactase results in an inability to hydrolyze lactose
subtype: #porphyria a genetic abnormality of metabolism causing abdominal pains and mental confusion
subtype: #hepatolenticular_degeneration__Wilson's_disease a rare inherited disorder of copper metabolism; copper accumulates in the liver and then in the red blood cells and brain
subtype: #inflammatory_disease a disease characterized by inflammation
subtype: #necrotizing_enterocolitis__necrotizingenterocoliti__nec an acute inflammatory disease occurring in the intestines of premature infants; necrosis of intestinal tissue may follow
subtype: #gastroenteritis__stomach_flu__intestinal_flu inflammation of the stomach and intestines; can be caused by Salmonella enteritidis
subtype: #cholera_infantum__cholerainfantum often fatal form of gastroenteritis occurring in children; not true cholera but having similar symptoms
subtype: #pelvic_inflammatory_disease__PID inflammation of the female pelvic organs (especially the Fallopian tubes) caused by infection by any of several microorganisms (chiefly gonococci and chlamydia); symptoms are abdominal pain and fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge
subtype: #empyema a collection of pus in a body cavity (especially in the lung cavity)
subtype: #purulent_pleurisy a collection of pus in the lung cavity
subtype: #pleurisy inflammation of the pleura of the lungs (especially the parietal layer)
subtype: #purulent_pleurisy a collection of pus in the lung cavity
subtype: #pleuropneumonia pleurisy and pneumonia
subtype: #sore_throat__pharyngitis__raw_throat__rawthroat inflammation of the fauces and pharynx
subtype: #streptococcal_sore_throat__strep_throat__strepthroat__streptococcustonsiliti__septic_sore_throat__throat_infection an infection of the oral pharynx and tonsils by streptococcus
subtype: #angina any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain
subtype: #Vincent's_angina__Vincent's_infection__trench_mouth an acute communicable infection of the respiratory tract and mouth marked by ulceration of the mucous membrane
subtype: #quinsy__peritonsillar_abscess__peritonsillarabsces a painful pus-filled inflammation of the tonsils and surrounding tissues; usually a complication of tonsillitis
subtype: #croup__spasmodic_laryngitis a disease of infants and young children; harsh coughing and hoarseness and fever and difficult breathing
subtype: #arthritis__arthriti inflammation of a joint or joints
subtype: #rheumatoid_arthritis__atrophic_arthritis__rheumatism a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities; something (possibly a virus) triggers an attack on the synovium by the immune system, which releases cytokines that stimulate an inflammatory reaction that can lead to the destruction of all components of the joint
subtype: #psoriatic_arthritis a form of rheumatoid arthritis usually affecting fingers and toes and associated with psoriasis
subtype: #Still's_disease__juvenile_rheumatoid_arthritis a form of rheumatoid arthritis that affects children; large joints become inflamed and bone growth may be retarded
subtype: #osteoarthritis__degenerative_arthritis__degenerative_joint_disease chronic breakdown of cartilage in the joints; the most common form of arthritis occurring usually after middle age
subtype: #gout__gouty_arthritis__goutyarthriti__urarthritis__urarthriti a painful inflammation of the big toe and foot caused by defects in uric acid metabolism resulting in deposits of the acid and its salts in the blood and joints
subtype: #spondylarthritis arthritis that affects one or more of the intervertebral joints in the spine
subtype: #acne an inflammatory disease involving the sebaceous glands of the skin; characterized by papules or pustules or comedones
subtype: #acne_rosacea__rosacea a skin disease of adults (more often women) in which blood vessels of the face enlarge resulting in a flushed appearance
subtype: #acne_vulgaris the most common form of acne; usually affects people from puberty to young adulthood
subtype: #aspiration_penumonia inflammation of the lungs caused by inhaling or choking on vomitus; may occur during unconsciousness (anesthesia or drunkenness or seizure or cardiac arrest)
subtype: #urinary_tract_infection__urinarytractinfection any infection of any of the organs of the urinary tract
subtype: #cystitis inflammation of the urinary bladder and ureters
subtype: #pyelonephritis inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis caused by bacterial infection
subtype: #acute_pyelonephritis pyelonephritis resulting from the spread of a bladder infection
subtype: #chronic_pyelonephritis pyelonephritis that develops slowly and can lead to renal failure if untreated; often associated with a kidney stone or with narrowing of the urinary passageways
subtype: #urethritis inflammation of the urethra; results in painful urination
subtype: #nongonococcal_urethritis__NGU sexually transmitted urethritis (usually caused by chlamydia)
subtype: #nonspecific_urethritis__NSU inflammation of the urethra of unknown cause
subtype: #autoimmune_disease__autoimmune_disorder any of a large group of diseases characterized by abnormal functioning of the immune system that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against your own tissues
subtype: #Type_I_diabetes__insulin-dependent_diabetes_mellitus__IDDM__juvenile-onset_diabetes__juvenile_diabetes__growth-onset_diabetes__ketosis-prone_diabetes__ketoacidosis-prone_diabetes__autoimmune_diabetes severe diabetes mellitus with an early onset; characterized by polyuria and excessive thirst and increased appetite and weight loss and episodic ketoacidosis; diet and insulin injections are required to control the disease
subtype: #rheumatoid_arthritis__atrophic_arthritis__rheumatism a chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities; something (possibly a virus) triggers an attack on the synovium by the immune system, which releases cytokines that stimulate an inflammatory reaction that can lead to the destruction of all components of the joint
subtype: #ankylosing_spondylitis__Marie-Strumpell_disease__rheumatoid_spondylitis a chronic form of spondylitis primarily in males and marked by impaired mobility of the spine; sometimes leads to ankylosis
subtype: #discoid_lupus_erythematosus__DLE a chronic skin disease occurring primarily in women between the ages of 20 and 40; characterized by an eruption of red lesions over the cheeks and bridge of the nose
subtype: #Hashimoto's_disease autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland; most common in middle-aged women
subtype: #lupus_erythematosus__lupuserythematosu__LE a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)
subtype: #scleroderma__dermatosclerosis an autoimmune disease that affects the blood vessels and connective tissue; fibrous connective tissue is deposited in the skin
subtype: #morphea localized scleroderma
subtype: #idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpura__thrombocytopenic_purpura__purpura_hemorrhagica__purpurahemorrhagica__Werlhof's_disease purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of factors
subtype: #deficiency_disease any disease caused by a lack of an essential nutrient (as a vitamin or mineral)
subtype: #malnutrition a state of poor nutrition; can result from insufficient or excessive or unbalanced diet or from inability to absorb foods
subtype: #avitaminosis__hypovitaminosis__hypovitaminosi any of several diseases caused by deficiency of one or more vitamins
subtype: #beriberi avitaminosis caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B1)
subtype: #kakke_disease the endemic form of beriberi
subtype: #pellagra__Alpine_scurvy__mal_de_la_rosa__mal_rosso__malrosso__maidism__Saint_Ignatius'_itch a disease caused by deficiency of niacin or tryptophan (or by a defect in the metabolic conversion of tryptophan to niacin); characterized by gastrointestinal disturbances and erythema and nervous or mental disorders; may be caused by malnutrition or alcoholism or other nutritional impairments
subtype: #rickets__rachitis childhood disease caused by deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight associated with impaired metabolism of calcium and phosphorus
subtype: #scurvy a condition caused by deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
subtype: #nyctalopia__night_blindness__nightblindnes__moon_blindness inability to see clearly in dim light; due to a deficiency of vitamin A or to a retinal disorder
subtype: #kwashiorkor severe malnutrition in children resulting from a diet excessively high in carbohydrates and low in protein
subtype: #marasmus extreme malnutrition and emaciation (especially in children); can result from inadequate intake of food or from malabsorption or metabolic disorders
subtype: #zinc_deficiency a deficiency caused by inadequate zinc in the diet or by liver disease or cystic fibrosis or other diseases
subtype: #fibrocystic_breast_disease__fibrocystic_disease_of_the_breast__cystic_breast_disease__cystic_mastitis the presence of one or more cysts in a breast
subtype: #goiter__goitre__struma__thyromegaly abnormally enlarged thyroid gland; can result from under-production or over-production of hormone or from a deficiency of iodine in the diet
subtype: #sandfly_fever__sandflyfever__pappataci_fever__phlebotomus a mild viral disease transmitted by the bite of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasii
subtype: #skin_disease__disease_of_the_skin__skin_disorder__skin_problem__skin_condition a disease affecting the skin
subtype: #acantholysis a breakdown of a cell layer in the epidermis (as in pemphigus)
subtype: #acanthosis an abnormal but benign thickening of the prickle-cell layer of the skin (as in psoriasis)
subtype: #acanthosis_nigricans__keratosis_nigricans__keratosisnigrican a skin disease characterized by dark wart-like patches in the body folds; can be benign or malignant
subtype: #acne an inflammatory disease involving the sebaceous glands of the skin; characterized by papules or pustules or comedones
subtype: #dermatosis disorder involving lesions or eruptions of the skin (in which there is usually no inflammation)
subtype: #pityriasis any of several skin disorders characterized by shedding dry flakes of skin
subtype: #dandruff.pityriasis a condition in which white scales of dead skin are shed by the scalp
subtype: #pityriasis_alba common form of pityriasis (usually in children or young adults) characterized by round patches of depigmentation
subtype: #pityriasis_rosea pityriasis in which an itchy rash develops over the trunk and extremities
subtype: #eczema generic term for inflammatory conditions of the skin; particularly with vesiculation in the acute stages
subtype: #dermatitis inflammation of the skin; skin becomes itchy and may develop blisters
subtype: #actinic_dermatitis dermatitis caused exposure to sunlight
subtype: #atopic_dermatitis__atopic_eczema dermatitis characterized by atopy
subtype: #contact_dermatitis a delayed type of allergic reaction of the skin resulting from skin contact with a specific allergen (such as poison ivy)
subtype: #bubble_gum_dermatitis an allergic contact dermatitis developed around the lips of children who chew bubble gum
subtype: #Rhus_dermatitis contact dermatitis resulting from contact with plants of the genus Toxicodendron
subtype: #poison_ivy dermatitis resulting from contact with the poison ivy plant
subtype: #poison_oak dermatitis resulting from contact with a poison oak plant
subtype: #poison_sumac dermatitis resulting from contact with a poison sumac plant
subtype: #cradle_cap a dermatitis of the scalp that is common in infants
subtype: #diaper_rash__diaper_dermatitis dermatitis of the thighs and buttocks of infants; supposedly caused by ammonia in the urine in the child's diapers
subtype: #hypericism a severe dermatitis of herbivorous domestic animals attributable to photosensitivity from eating Saint John's wort
subtype: #neurodermatitis__neurodermatiti dermatitis in which localized areas (especially the forearms or back of the neck or outer part of the ankle) itch persistently; cause is unknown
subtype: #schistosome_dermatitis__swimmer's_itch__swimmer'sitch a sensitization reaction to repeated invasion of the skin by cercariae of schistosomes (human or animal)
subtype: #seborrheic_dermatitis__seborrheic_eczema a chronic skin disease associated with seborrhea and greasy scales on the scalp or eyelids or other parts of the skin
subtype: #allergic_eczema eczema caused by an allergic reaction
subtype: #baker's_eczema__baker'seczema allergic eczema caused by flour or other ingredients handled by bakers
subtype: #eczema_herpeticum eczema characterized by a feverish condition and widespread eruption of vesicles; most common in children
subtype: #lichtenoid_eczema__chronic_eczema__chroniceczema__eczema_hypertrophicum eczema characterized by thickening of the skin with accentuated skin lines
subtype: #erythroderma any skin disorder involving abnormal redness
subtype: #erythema abnormal redness of the skin resulting from dilation of blood vessels (as in sunburn or inflammation)
subtype: #erythema_multiforme a red rash caused by hypersensitivity to a drug or disease or other allergen
subtype: #erythema_nodosum skin condition characterized by tender red nodules on the shins and legs
subtype: #erythema_nodosum_leprosum__ENL an inflammatory complication of leprosy that results in painful skin lesions on the arms and legs and face
subtype: #hickey__love_bite a temporary red mark on a person's skin resulting from kissing or sucking by their lover
subtype: #erythema_solare__sunburn redness of the skin caused by exposure to the rays of the sun
subtype: #windburn redness and irritation of the skin caused by exposure to high-velocity wind
subtype: #flare.erythroderma reddening of the skin spreading outward from a focus of infection or irritation
subtype: #furunculosis acute skin disease characterized by the presence of many furuncles
subtype: #impetigo a very contagious infection of the skin; common in children; localized redness develops into small blisters that gradually crust and erode
subtype: #jungle_rot skin disorder induced by a tropical climate
subtype: #keratoderma any skin disorder consisting of a growth that appears horny
subtype: #keratonosis any abnormal condition of the outer skin (epidermis)
subtype: #keratosis__keratosi a skin condition marked by an overgrowth of layers of horny skin
subtype: #actinic_keratosis__actinickeratosi an overgrowth of skin layers resulting from extended exposure to the sun
subtype: #keratosis_blennorrhagica__keratosisblennorrhagica__keratoderma_blennorrhagica__keratodermablennorrhagica skin disease characterized by a scaly rash on the palms and soles; associated with Reiter's syndrome
subtype: #keratosis_follicularis__Darier's_disease a rare hereditary condition marked by dark crusted patches (sometimes containing pus)
subtype: #keratosis_pilaris__keratosispilari keratosis characterized by hard conical elevations in the openings of sebaceous glands (especially of arms and thighs)
subtype: #seborrheic_keratosis a skin condition characterized by circumscribed wartlike lesions that can be itchy and covered with a greasy crust
subtype: #leukoderma a congenital skin condition characterized by spots or bands of unpigmented skin
subtype: #lichen.skin_disease any of several eruptive skin diseases characterized by hard thick lesions grouped together and resembling lichens growing on rocks
subtype: #lichen_planus__lichen_ruber_planus an eruption of shiny flat-topped purplish (usually itchy) papules on the wrist and forearms and thighs
subtype: #livedo skin disorder characterized by patchy bluish discolorations on the skin
subtype: #lupus__lupu any of several forms of ulcerative skin disease
subtype: #lupus_vulgaris tuberculosis of the skin; appears first on the face and heals slowly leaving deep scars
subtype: #discoid_lupus_erythematosus__DLE a chronic skin disease occurring primarily in women between the ages of 20 and 40; characterized by an eruption of red lesions over the cheeks and bridge of the nose
subtype: #lupus_erythematosus__lupuserythematosu__LE a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)
subtype: #systemic_lupus_erythematosus__SLE__disseminated_lupus_erythematosus an inflammatory disease of connective tissue with variable features including fever and weakness and fatigability and joint pains and skin lesions on the face or neck or arms
subtype: #melanosis__melanosi__melanism a condition characterized by abnormal deposits of melanin (especially in the skin)
subtype: #molluscum any skin disease characterized by soft pulpy nodules
subtype: #molluscum_contagiosum__molluscumcontagiosum a virus disease of the skin marked by round white swellings; transmitted from person to person (most often in children or in adults with impaired immune function)
subtype: #necrobiosis_lipoidica_diabeticorum__necrobiosislipoidicadiabeticorum__necrobiosis_lipoidica__necrobiosislipoidica skin disease marked by thin shiny patches (especially on the legs); often associated with diabetes mellitus
subtype: #pemphigus__pemphigu a skin disease characterized by large thin-walled blisters (bullae) arising from normal skin or mucous membrane
subtype: #prurigo chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by blister capped papules and intense itching
subtype: #psoriasis__psoriasi a chronic skin disease characterized by dry red patches covered with scales; occurs especially on the scalp and ears and genitalia and the skin over bony prominences
subtype: #rhagades cracks or fissures in the skin (especially around the mouth or anus)
subtype: #Saint_Anthony's_fire any of several inflammatory or gangrenous skin conditions
subtype: #erysipelas an acute streptococcal infection characterized by deep-red inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes
subtype: #seborrhea a condition in which overactivity of the sebaceous glands causes the skin to become oily
subtype: #vitiligo an acquired skin disease characterized by patches of unpigmented skin (often surrounded by a heavily pigmented border)
subtype: #xanthoma a skin problem marked by the development (on the eyelids and neck and back) of irregular yellow nodules; sometimes attributable to disturbances of cholesterol metabolism
subtype: #xanthelasma xanthoma of the eyelids; occurs chiefly in the elderly
subtype: #xanthoma_disseminatum rare chronic xanthoma of adults n which orange or brownish papules develop on many surfaces of the body
subtype: #xanthomatosis__xanthomatosi__xanthoma_multiplex__cholesterosis_cutis__cholesterosiscuti__lipid_granulomatosis__lipoid_granulomatosis widespread xanthomas (especially on elbows and knees); often associated with a disorder of lipid metabolism
subtype: #xanthosis__xanthosi an abnormal yellow discoloration of the skin
subtype: #malignancy__malignance (medical) a malignant state; progressive and resistant to treatment and tending to cause death
subtype: #malignant_tumor__malignanttumor__malignant_neoplasm__malignantneoplasm__metastatic_tumor a tumor that is malignant and tends to spread to other parts of the body
subtype: #carcinosarcoma a malignant neoplasm composed of carcinoma and sarcoma extensively intermixed
subtype: #cancer__malignant_neoplastic_disease any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream
subtype: #lymphoma a neoplasm of lymph tissue that is usually malignant; one of the four major types of cancer
subtype: #Hodgkin's_disease a malignant disorder in which there is progressive (but painless) enlargement of lymph tissue followed by enlargement of the spleen and liver
subtype: #carcinoma any malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue; one of the four major types of cancer
subtype: #liver_cancer__livercancer__cancer_of_the_liver malignant neoplastic disease of the liver usually occurring as a metastasis from another cancer; symptoms include loss of appetite and weakness and bloating and jaundice and upper abdominal discomfort
subtype: #adenocarcinoma__glandular_cancer__glandularcancer__glandular_carcinoma__glandularcarcinoma malignant tumor originating in glandular epithelium
subtype: #prostate_cancer__prostatic_adenocarcinoma__prostaticadenocarcinoma cancer of the prostate gland
subtype: #breast_cancer cancer of the breast; one of the most common malignancies in women in the US
subtype: #carcinoma_in_situ__preinvasive_cancer__preinvasivecancer a cluster of malignant cells that has not yet invaded the deeper epithelial tissue or spread to other parts of the body
subtype: #colon_cancer__coloncancer a malignant tumor of the colon; early symptom is bloody stools
subtype: #embryonal_carcinoma malignant neoplasm of the testis
subtype: #endometrial_carcinoma__endometrialcarcinoma__endometrial_cancer__endometrialcancer cancer of the uterine lining
subtype: #malignant_hepatoma__malignanthepatoma__hepatoma__hepatocarcinoma__hepatocellular_carcinoma carcinoma of the liver
subtype: #lung_cancer carcinoma of the lungs; one of the commonest forms of cancer
subtype: #mesothelioma a rare form of carcinoma of the mesothelium lining lungs or abdomen or heart; usually associated with exposure to asbestos dust
subtype: #oat_cell_carcinoma__small_cell_carcinoma highly malignant carcinoma composed of small round or egg-shaped cells with little cytoplasm; lung cancers are frequently oat cell carcinomas
subtype: #oral_cancer malignant neoplasm of the lips of mouth; most common in men over the age of 60
subtype: #pancreatic_cancer cancer of the pancreas
subtype: #seminoma__testicular_cancer malignant tumor of the testis; usually occurring in older men
subtype: #skin_cancer a malignant neoplasm of the skin
subtype: #cancroid__squamous_cell_carcinoma the most common form of skin cancer
subtype: #epithelioma a malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue
subtype: #malignant_melanoma__malignantmelanoma__melanoma any of several malignant neoplasms (usually of the skin) consisting of melanocytes
subtype: #trophoblastic_cancer__trophoblasticcancer malignant neoplasm of the uterus derived from the epithelium of the chorion
subtype: #leukemia__leukaemia__cancer_of_the_blood malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; characterized by abnormal proliferation of leukocytes; one of the four major types of cancer
subtype: #acute_leukemia__acuteleukemia rapidly progressing leukemia
subtype: #acute_lymphocytic_leukemia__acutelymphocyticleukemia__acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia__acutelymphoblasticleukemia acute leukemia characterized by proliferation of immature lymphoblast-like cells in bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and blood; most common in children
subtype: #acute_myelocytic_leukemia__acute_myeloid_leukemia__acutemyeloidleukemia acute leukemia characterized by proliferation of granular leukocytes; most common in adolescents and young adults
subtype: #chronic_leukemia__chronicleukemia slowly progressing leukemia
subtype: #chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia__chroniclymphocyticleukemia chronic leukemia characterized by lymphoblast-like cells; more common in older men
subtype: #chronic_myelocytic_leukemia__myeloid_leukemia__myeloidleukemia chronic leukemia characterized by granular leukocytes; more common in older people
subtype: #lymphocytic_leukemia__lymphocyticleukemia leukemia characterized by enlargement of lymphoid tissues and lymphocytic cells in the circulating blood
subtype: #lymphoblastic_leukemia__lymphoblasticleukemia a form of lymphocytic leukemia in which the abnormal cells in the circulating blood are almost totally lymphoblasts
subtype: #monocytic_leukemia__monocyticleukemia__monocytic_lukaemia__monocyticlukaemia__monoblastic_leukemia__monoblasticleukemia__monoblstic_leukaemia__histiocytic_leukemia__histiocyticleukemia__histiocytic_leukaemia__histiocyticleukaemia leukemia characterized by the proliferation of monocytes and monoblasts in the blood
subtype: #myeloblastic_leukemia a malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; characterized by numerous myeloblasts in the blood stream
subtype: #myelocytic_leukemia__granulocytic_leukemia a malignant neoplasm of blood-forming tissues; marked by proliferation of myelocytes and their presence in the blood
subtype: #acute_myelocytic_leukemia__acute_myeloid_leukemia__acutemyeloidleukemia acute leukemia characterized by proliferation of granular leukocytes; most common in adolescents and young adults
subtype: #chronic_myelocytic_leukemia__myeloid_leukemia__myeloidleukemia chronic leukemia characterized by granular leukocytes; more common in older people
subtype: #sarcoma a usually malignant tumor arising from connective tissue (bone or muscle etc.); one of the four major types of cancer
subtype: #chondrosarcoma a malignant neoplasm of cartilage cells
subtype: #Ewing's_sarcoma__Ewing's_tumor__Ewing's_tumour__endothelial_myeloma__endothelialmyeloma malignant tumor in bone marrow (usually in the pelvis or in long bones)
subtype: #Kaposi's_sarcoma a sarcoma that starts with purplish spots on the feet and legs and spreads from the skin to lymph nodes and internal organs; a common manifestation of AIDS; "until 1980 Kaposi's sarcoma occurred almost exclusively with Jewish or Italian or black men"
subtype: #leiomyosarcoma sarcoma of smooth muscle; occurs most often digestive tract or uterus or bladder or prostate
subtype: #liposarcoma sarcoma of fat cells
subtype: #myosarcoma sarcoma of muscle tissue
subtype: #neurosarcoma__malignant_neuroma__malignantneuroma a malignant neoplasm of nerve tissue and fibrous tissue and connective tissue
subtype: #osteosarcoma__osteogenic_sarcoma malignant bone tumor; most common in children and young adults where it tends to affect the femur
subtype: #rhabdomyosarcoma__rhabdosrcoma a highly malignant neoplasm derived from striated muscle
subtype: #embryonal_rhabdomyosarcoma__embryonalrhabdomyosarcoma__embryonal_rhabdosarcoma__embryonalrhabdosarcoma form of rhabdomyosarcoma occurring mainly in infants and children
subtype: #alveolar_rhabdomyosarcoma__alveolar_rhabdosarcoma form of rhabdomyosarcoma occuring mainly in adolescents and young adults
subtype: #pleomorphic_rhabdomyosarcoma__pleomorphicrhabdomyosarcoma__pleomorphic_rhabdosarcoma form of rhabdomyosarcoma that affects limb muscles of older adults
subtype: #Wilms'_tumor__Wilms_tumour__adenomyosarcoma__nephroblastoma__embryoma_of_the_kidney malignant renal tumor of young children characterized by hypertension and blood in the urine and the presence of a palpable mass
subtype: #retinoblastoma malignant ocular tumor of retinal cells; usually occurs before the third year of life; composed of primitive small round retinal cells
subtype: #eye_disease__eyedisease any disease of the eye
subtype: #glaucoma increased pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor; damages the optic disc and impairs vision (sometimes progressing to blindness)
subtype: #acute_glaucoma__acuteglaucoma__angle-closure_glaucoma__angleclosureglaucoma glaucoma in which the iris blocks the outflow of aqueous humor
subtype: #chronic_glaucoma__chronicglaucoma__open-angle_glaucoma glaucoma caused by blockage of the canal of Schlemm; produces gradual loss of peripheral vision
subtype: #keratonosus__keratonosu any disease of the cornea
subtype: #trachoma a chronic contagious viral disease marked by inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye and the formation of scar tissue
subtype: #leukoma eye disease consisting of an opaque white spot on the cornea
subtype: #cataract clouding of the natural lens of the eye
subtype: #animal_disease a disease that typically does not affect human beings
subtype: #warble a lumpy abscess under the hide of domestic mammals caused by larvae of a botfly or warble fly
subtype: #anaplasmosis a disease of cattle that is transmitted by cattle ticks; similar to Texas fever
subtype: #brooder_pneumonia__brooderpneumonia__aspergillosis__aspergillosi severe respiratory disease of birds that takes the form of an acute rapidly fatal pneumonia in young chickens and turkeys
subtype: #bighead any of various diseases of animals characterized by edema of the head and neck
subtype: #bull_nose a disease of pigs resulting in swelling of the snout
subtype: #canine_chorea__chorea chorea in dogs
subtype: #costiasis__costiasi a fatal disease of fresh-water fish caused by a flagellated protozoan invading the skin
subtype: #cowpox__vaccinia a viral disease of cattle causing a mild skin disease affecting the udder; formerly used to inoculate humans against smallpox
subtype: #creeps.animal_disease a disease of cattle and sheep attributed to a dietary deficiency; characterized by anemia and softening of the bones and a slow stiff gait
subtype: #hemorrhagic_septicemia__hemorrhagicsepticemia__pasteurellosis an acute infectious disease characterized by pneumonia and blood infection
subtype: #fowl_cholera an acute diarrheal disease (especially of chickens) caused by the microorganism that causes hemorrhagic septicemia
subtype: #fowl_pest an acute viral disease of domestic fowl; characterized by refusal to each and high temperature and discoloration of the comb
subtype: #hog_cholera highly infectious virus disease of swine
subtype: #distemper any of various infectious diseases of animals
subtype: #canine_distemper a viral disease of young dogs characterized by high fever and respiratory inflammation
subtype: #equine_distemper__strangles__strangle an acute bacterial disease of horses characterized by inflammation of the mucous membranes
subtype: #enterotoxemia a disease of cattle and sheep that is attributed to toxins absorbed from the intestines
subtype: #foot-and-mouth_disease__hoof-and-mouth_disease acute contagious disease of cloven-footed animals marked by ulcers in the mouth and around the hoofs
subtype: #foot_rot contagious degenerative infection of the feet of hoofed animals (especially cattle and sheep)
subtype: #black_disease__blackdisease__sheep_rot__sheeprot__liver_rot__liverrot__distomatosis a disease of the liver (especially in sheep and cattle) caused by liver flukes and their by-products
subtype: #heaves__broken_wind a chronic emphysema of the horse that causes difficult expiration and heaving of the flanks
subtype: #red_water__redwater a disease of cattle; characterized by hematuria
subtype: #rhinotracheitis__rhinotracheiti an respiratory infection of the nose and throat in cattle
subtype: #rinderpest__cattle_plague an acute infectious viral disease of cattle (usually fatal); characterized by fever and diarrhea and inflammation of mucous membranes
subtype: #scours diarrhea in livestock
subtype: #bovine_spongiform_encephalitis__BSE__mad_cow_disease__madcowdisease a fatal disease of cattle that affects the central nervous system; causes staggering and agitation
subtype: #scrapie a fatal disease of sheep characterized by chronic itching and loss of muscular control and progressive degeneration of the central nervous system
subtype: #shipping_fever__shipping_pneumonia a deadly form of septicemia in cattle and sheep; involves high fever and pneumonia; contracted under conditions of exposure or exhaustion (as often happens when the animals are shipped to market)
subtype: #spavin a swelling of the hock joint of a horse; resulting in lameness
subtype: #blood_spavin__bloodspavin spavin caused by distension of the veins
subtype: #bog_spavin__bogspavin spavin caused by collection of fluids
subtype: #bone_spavin spavin caused by a bony growth
subtype: #loco_disease__locoism a disease of livestock caused by locoweed poisoning; characterized by weakness and lack of coordination and trembling and partial paralysis
subtype: #mange an persistent and contagious disease of the skin causing inflammation and itching and loss of hair; affects domestic animals (and sometimes people)
subtype: #moon_blindness__mooneye recurrent eye inflammation in horses; sometimes resulting in blindness
subtype: #murrain any plaguelike disease of domestic animals
subtype: #myxomatosis__myxomatosi a viral disease (usually fatal) of rabbits
subtype: #Newcastle_disease disease of domestic fowl and other birds
subtype: #pip.animal_disease a disease of poultry
subtype: #psittacosis__psittacosi__parrot_disease infectious disease of birds
subtype: #pullorum_disease__bacillary_white_diarrhea__bacillarywhitediarrhea__bacillary_white_diarrhoea__bacillarywhitediarrhoea a serious bacterial disease of young chickens
subtype: #saddle_sore.animal_disease__saddlesore__gall an open sore on the back of a horse caused by ill-fitting or badly adjusted saddle
subtype: #sand_crack a fissure in the wall of a horse's hoof often causing lameness
subtype: #toe_crack__toecrack a crack on the forepart of a horse's hindfoot
subtype: #quarter_crack__quartercrack a crack on the inside of a horse's forefoot
subtype: #sweating_sickness a disease of cattle (especially calves)
subtype: #Texas_fever an infectious disease of cattle transmitted by the cattle tick
subtype: #trembles__milk_sickness disease of livestock and especially cattle poisoned by eating certain kinds of snakeroot
subtype: #zoonosis an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans
subtype: #actinomycosis__actinomycosi disease of cattle that can be transmitted to humans; results from infection with actinomycetes; characterized by hard swellings that exude pus through long sinuses
subtype: #cervicofacial_actinomycosis__cervicofacialactinomycosi__lumpy_jaw__lumpyjaw the commonest and least severe form of actinomycosis; affects the face and neck regions
subtype: #thoracic_actinomycosis a serious form of actinomycosis that affects the chest
subtype: #abdominal_actinomycosis__abdominalactinomycosi a serious form of actinomycosis that affects the abdomen
subtype: #anthrax__splenic_fever__splenicfever a highly infectious animal disease (especially cattle and sheep); it can be transmitted to people
subtype: #brucellosis__contagious_abortion__Bang's_disease an infectious disease of domestic animals often resulting in spontaneous abortion; transmittable to human beings
subtype: #glanders a destructive and contagious bacterial disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans
subtype: #Lyme_disease__Lyme_arthritis an acute inflammatory disease characterized by a rash with joint swelling and fever; caused by bacteria carried by the bite of a deer tick
subtype: #Marburg_disease__Marburg-ebola_disease__green_monkey_disease a viral disease of green monkeys; when transmitted to humans it causes serious or fatal illness
subtype: #rabies__hydrophobia__madness an acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal); rabies is fatal if the virus reaches the brain
subtype: #swamp_fever__swampfever__leptospirosis__leptospirosi an infectious disease cause by leptospira and transmitted to humans from domestic animals; characterized by jaundice and fever
subtype: #canicola_fever an acute feverish disease in people and in dogs marked by gastroenteritis and mild jaundice
subtype: #Weil's_disease a severe form of leptospirosis in human beings
subtype: #tularemia__tularaemia__rabbit_fever__deer_fly_fever__yatobyo disease of rodents (especially rabbits and squirrels) and sometimes transmitted to humans by ticks or flies or by handling infected animals
subtype: #plant_disease__plantdisease a disease that affects plants
subtype: #blight any plant disease resulting in withering without rotting
subtype: #alder_blight__alderblight a disease of alders caused by the woolly alder aphid (a plant louse)
subtype: #apple_blight__appleblight__apple_canker__applecanker a disease of apple trees
subtype: #beet_blight a disease of beet plants
subtype: #blister_blight__blisterblight a disease of tea plants
subtype: #blister_blight.blight__blisterblight a disease of Scotch pines
subtype: #cane_blight a disease affecting the canes of various bush fruits (e.g., raspberries or currants)
subtype: #chestnut_blight__chestnut_canker__chestnut-bark_disease a disease of American chestnut trees
subtype: #coffee_blight a blight affecting the coffee plant
subtype: #collar_blight a disease affecting the trunks of pear and apple trees
subtype: #halo_spot__halo_blight__bean_blight a blight of bean plants
subtype: #halo_blight a blight affecting the leaves of oats and other grasses
subtype: #head_blight a blight of the heads of cereals
subtype: #wheat_scab__wheatscab a disease of the heads of wheat plants
subtype: #late_blight blight in which symptoms appear late in the growing season especially a disease of solanaceous plants caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans
subtype: #celery_blight a fungous leaf spot disease of the celery plant
subtype: #leaf_blight any blight causing a browning and falling of the leaves of a plant
subtype: #fire_blight__pear_blight a disease blackening the leaves of pear and apple trees
subtype: #blight_canker a phase of fire blight in which cankers appear
subtype: #needle_blight__needle_cast__leaf_cast a disease of conifers causing the needles to fall
subtype: #peach_blight__peachblight a disease of trees bearing drupes
subtype: #potato_blight__potato_mold__potato_disease__potato_mildew__potato_murrain a blight of potatoes
subtype: #rim_blight__rimblight a disease of tea plants
subtype: #spinach_blight__spinachblight a disease of spinach plants
subtype: #spur_blight a disease of raspberries
subtype: #stem_blight a fungous blight attacking the stems of plants
subtype: #stripe_blight a disease of oats
subtype: #thread_blight a disease of tropical woody plants(cocoa or tea or citrus)
subtype: #tomato_blight__tomato_yellows a disease of tomato plants
subtype: #twig_blight a disease of the ends of twigs of woody plants
subtype: #walnut_blight a disease of English walnut trees
subtype: #rust a reddish-brown discoloration of leaves and stems caused by a rust fungus
subtype: #white_pine_blister_rust__whitepineblisterrust__blister_rust__blisterrust__white-pine_rust__whitepinerust any of several diseases of pines caused by rust fungi of the genus Cronartium and marked by destructive invasion of bark and sapwood and producing blisters externally
subtype: #blackheart any of various diseases in which the central tissues blacken
subtype: #black_knot__blackknot disease of plum and cherry trees characterized by black excrescences on the branches
subtype: #black_rot__blackrot a fungous disease causing darkening and decay of the leaves of fruits and vegetables
subtype: #black_spot__blackspot any of several fungous diseases of plants that produce small black spots on the plant
subtype: #bottom_rot fungous disease of lettuce that first rots lower leaves and spreads upward
subtype: #brown_rot__brownrot any of certain fungous diseases of plants characterized by browning and decay of tissues
subtype: #brown_rot_gummosis__gummosis disease of citrus trees caused by the fungus Phytophthora citrophthora
subtype: #ring_rot__ring_disease__tobacco_wilt__tobaccowilt disease of tomatoes and potatoes and tobacco etc caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas solanacearum
subtype: #gummosis pathological production of gummy exudates in citrus and various stone-fruit trees
subtype: #cotton_ball a fungus disease of cranberries
subtype: #crown_gall__crowngall a bacterial disease of plants (especially pome and stone fruits and grapes and roses) which forms excrescences on the stem near the ground
subtype: #hairy_root__hairyroot a phase of crown gall (especially in apples) during which there is abnormal development of fine fibrous roots
subtype: #crown_wart__crownwart a fungous disease of alfalfa which forms white excrescences at the base of the stem
subtype: #damping_off__dampingoff a plant disease caused by a fungus; diseased condition of seedlings in excessive moisture
subtype: #dieback a disease of plants characterized by the gradual dying of the young shoots starting at the tips and progressing to the larger branches
subtype: #dry_rot.plant_disease__dryrot a crumbling and drying of timber or bulbs or potatoes or fruit caused by a fungus
subtype: #heartrot any plant disease in which the central part of a plant rots (especially in trees)
subtype: #mosaic.plant_disease viral disease in solanaceous plants (tomatoes; potatoes; tobacco) resulting in mottling and often shriveling of the leaves
subtype: #potato_mosaic a disease of the leaves of potato plants
subtype: #tobacco_mosaic__tobaccomosaic a plant disease causing discoloration of the leaves of tobacco plants
subtype: #rhizoctinia_disease__rhizoctiniadisease disease caused by rhizoctinia or fungi of Pellicularia and Corticium
subtype: #little_potato__rosette__russet_scab__stem_canker rhizoctinia disease of potatoes
subtype: #pink_disease serious bark disease of many tropical crop trees (coffee; citrus; rubber); branches have a covering of pink hyphae
subtype: #potato_wart fungous disease causing dark warty spongy excrescences in the eyes of potato tubers
subtype: #root_rot disease characterized by root decay; caused by various fungi
subtype: #sweet-potato_ring_rot disease of sweet potatoes in which roots are girdled by rings of dry rot
subtype: #sclerotium_disease__sclerotium_rot plant disease cause by fungi of the genus Sclerotium; also one in which sclerotia are formed
subtype: #Dutch_elm_disease disease of elms caused by a fungus
subtype: #ergot a plant disease caused by the ergot fungus
subtype: #foot_rot.plant_disease__footrot plant disease in which the stem or trunk rots at the base
subtype: #pinkroot a fungal disease of onions
subtype: #wilt_disease__wilt any plant disease characterized by drooping and shriveling; usually caused by parasites attacking the roots
subtype: #granville_wilt__granvillewilt a bacterial wilt of tobacco plants
subtype: #fusarium_wilt caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium
subtype: #verticilliosis caused by soil-borne fungi of the genus Verticillium
subtype: #smut destructive diseases of plants (especially cereal grasses) caused by fungi that produce black powdery masses of spores
subtype: #loose_smut.smut__loosesmut disease of grains; the entire head is a dusty mass of spores
subtype: #stinking_smut__bunt disease of wheat characterized by replacement of the grains with greasy masses of smelly smut spores
subtype: #flag_smut smut affecting leaves and stems of cereals and other grasses
subtype: #green_smut__greensmut__false_smut__falsesmut disease of rice; grains covered by a green powder consisting of conidia
subtype: #soft_rot mushy or slimy decay of plants caused by bacteria or fungi
subtype: #leak.soft_rot soft watery rot in fruits and vegetables caused by fungi
subtype: #yellow_dwarf any of several virus diseases of plants characterized by stunting and yellowing of the leaves
subtype: #yellow_dwarf_of_potato__potato_yellow_dwarf the yellow dwarf disease of potato plants
subtype: #onion_yellow_dwarf the yellow dwarf disease of onion plants
subtype: #yellow_spot any of several fungous or viral diseases characterized by yellow spotting on the leaves
subtype: #tomato_streak disease of a wide range of plants (tomatoes; potatoes; peas) resulting from a mixed infection of potato and tomato mosaic
subtype: #ozena__ozaena a chronic disease of the nose characterized by a foul-smelling nasal discharge and atrophy of nasal structures
subtype: #filariasis a disease caused by nematodes in the blood or tissues of the body causing blockage of lymphatic vessels
subtype: #hypermotility excessive movement; especially excessive motility of the gastrointestinal tract
subtype: #indisposition a slight illness
subtype: #ozone_sickness illness that can occur to persons exposed to ozone in high-altitude aircraft; characterized by sleepiness and headache and chest pains and itchiness
subtype: #toxemia_of_pregnancy__toxaemia_of_pregnancy__toxemia__toxaemia an abnormal condition of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and edema and protein in the urine
subtype: #eclampsia a toxic condition characterized by convulsions and possibly coma during or immediately after pregnancy
subtype: #preeclampsia__pre-eclampsia__preeclampsia abnormal state of pregnancy characterized by hypertension and fluid retention and albuminuria; can lead to eclampsia if untreated
subtype: #growth.illness (pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
subtype: #exostosis__exostosi a benign outgrowth from a bone (usually covered with cartilage)
subtype: #polypus__polyp a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane
subtype: #adenomatous_polyp__adenomatouspolyp a polyp that consists of benign neoplastic tissue derived from glandular epithelium; "adenomatous polyps are visible protrusions that can develop on the mucosal surface of the colon or rectum"
subtype: #sessile_polyp__sessilepolyp a relatively flat polyp
subtype: #pedunculated_polyp a polyp with a stalk or peduncle
subtype: #peduncle.growth the thin process of tissue that attaches a polyp to the body
subtype: #tumor__tumour__neoplasm an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose
subtype: #acanthoma__skin_tumor a neoplasm originating in the epidermis
subtype: #keratoacanthoma skin tumor that grows rapidly (especially in older people) and resembles a carcinoma but does not spread; it usually disappears spontaneously, often leaving a scar
subtype: #adenoma a benign epithelial tumor of glandular origin
subtype: #fibroadenoma benign and movable and firm and not tender tumor of the breast; common in young women and caused by high levels of estrogen
subtype: #angioma a tumor consisting of a mass of blood or lymphatic vessels
subtype: #hemangioma__haemangioma benign angioma consisting of a mass of blood vessels; some appear as birthmarks
subtype: #strawberry_hemangioma__strawberry_haemangioma a congenital bright red superficial vascular tumor resembling a strawberry; tends to decrease in size during childhood
subtype: #lymphangioma benign angioma consisting of a mass of lymphatic vessels
subtype: #spider_angioma__spider_nevus__vascular_spider a dilation of superficial capillaries with a central red dot from which blood vessels radiate
subtype: #benign_tumor__benign_tumour__nonmalignant_tumor__nonmalignant_tumout__nonmalignant_neoplasm a tumor that is not cancerous
subtype: #chondroma a common benign tumor of cartilage cells
subtype: #myxoma a benign tumor of connective tissue containing jellylike material
subtype: #osteoblastoma benign tumor of bone and fibrous tissue; occurs in the vertebrae or femur or tibia or arm bones (especially in young adults)
subtype: #osteochondroma benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage; usually occurs near the end of a long bone
subtype: #blastoma__blastocytoma__embryonal_carcinosarcoma__embryonalcarcinosarcoma a tumor composed of immature undifferentiated cells
subtype: #brain_tumor__braintumor__brain_tumour__braintumour a tumor in the brain
subtype: #glioblastoma__spongioblastoma a fast-growing malignant brain tumor composed of spongioblasts; nearly always fatal
subtype: #glioma a tumor of the brain consisting of neuroglia
subtype: #carcinoid a small tumor (benign or malignant) arising from the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract; usually associated with excessive secretion of serotonin
subtype: #celioma an abdominal tumor
subtype: #enchondroma benign slow-growing tumor of cartilaginous cells at the ends of tubular bones (especially in the hands and feet)
subtype: #fibroma nonmalignant tumor of connective tissue
subtype: #fibroid_tumor__fibroidtumor benign tumor containing fibrous tissue (especially in the uterus)
subtype: #granuloma a tumor composed of granulation tissue resulting from injury or inflammation or infection
subtype: #gumma a small rubbery granuloma that is characteristic of an advanced stage of syphilis
subtype: #lipoma__adipose_tumor__adiposetumor a tumor consisting of fatty tissue
subtype: #malignant_tumor__malignanttumor__malignant_neoplasm__malignantneoplasm__metastatic_tumor a tumor that is malignant and tends to spread to other parts of the body
subtype: #meningioma a tumor arising in the meninges which surround the brain and spinal cord; usually slow growing and sometimes malignant
subtype: #myeloma a tumor of the bone marrow (usually malignant) composed of cells normally found in bone marrow
subtype: #multiple_myeloma myeloma that develops in several places at the same time
subtype: #myoma a benign tumor composed of muscle tissue
subtype: #leiomyoma benign tumor of smooth muscle (usually in the uterus or digestive tract)
subtype: #rhabdomyoma benign rumor of striated muscle
subtype: #neurinoma tumor (usually benign) of the sheath surrounding a nerve
subtype: #neuroblastoma malignant tumor containing embryonic nerve cells; usually metastasizes quickly
subtype: #neuroepithelioma malignant tumor of the neuroepithelium
subtype: #neurofibroma__neurilemoma tumor of the fibrous covering of a peripheral nerve
subtype: #neuroma any tumor derived from cells of the nervous system
subtype: #osteoma a tumor of bone tissue
subtype: #papilloma__villoma__papillary_tumor__papillarytumor__papillary_tumour__papillarytumour a benign epithelial tumor forming a rounded mass
subtype: #pheochromocytoma__phaeochromocytoma a vascular tumor of the adrenal gland; hypersecretion of epinephrine results in intermittent or sustained hypertension
subtype: #pinealoma tumor of the pineal gland
subtype: #plasmacytoma neoplasm of plasma cells (usually in bone marrow)
subtype: #psammoma__sand_tumor a tumor derived from fibrous tissue of the meninges or choroid plexus or certain other structures associated with the brain; characterized by sand-like particles
subtype: #teratoma a tumor consisting of a mixture of tissues not normally found at that site
subtype: #hamartoma a focal growth that resembles a neoplasm but results from faulty development in an organ
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