#herbaceous_plant__herb a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests
supertype: vascular_plant__tracheophyte green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
part: veggie
subtype: barrenwort__bishop's_hat__Epimedium_grandiflorum slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover
subtype: mayapple__May_apple__wild_mandrake__Podophyllum_peltatum North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit
subtype: buttercup__butterflower__crowfoot__goldcup__kingcup any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus
subtype: meadow_buttercup__tall_buttercup__tall_crowfoot__tall_field_buttercup__Ranunculus_acris perennial European buttercup with yellow spring flowers widely naturalized especially in eastern North America
subtype: common_buttercup__Ranunculus_bulbosus perennial Old World buttercup with golden to sulphur yellow flowers in late spring to early summer; naturalized in North America
subtype: Mount_Cook_lily__mountain_lily__Ranunculus_lyalii showy white-flowered perennial of New Zealand
subtype: western_buttercup__westernbuttercup__Ranunculus_occidentalis perennial of western North America
subtype: creeping_buttercup__creeping_crowfoot__Ranunculus_repens perennial European herb with long creeping stolons
subtype: cursed_crowfoot__celery-leaved_buttercup__Ranunculus_sceleratus annual herb growing in marshy places
subtype: goldthread__golden_thread__Coptis_groenlandica__Coptis_trifolia_groenlandica low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers
subtype: winter_aconite__Eranthis_hyemalis small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone
subtype: hepatica__liverleaf any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having 3-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions
subtype: goldenseal__golden_seal__yellow_root__turmeric_root__Hydrastis_Canadensis perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves
subtype: false_rue_anemone__falserueanemone__false_rue__falserue__Isopyrum_biternatum slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue
subtype: giant_buttercup__giantbuttercup__Laccopetalum_giganteum spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus
subtype: false_bugbane__falsebugbane__Trautvetteria_carolinensis tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers
subtype: globeflower__globe_flower__globeflower any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers
subtype: leguminous_plant__legume an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae
subtype: peanut_vine__peanut__Arachis_hypogaea widely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground
subtype: chickpea_plant__chickpea__Egyptian_pea__Cicer_arietinum Asiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds
subtype: guar__cluster_bean__clusterbean__Cyamopsis_tetragonolobus__Cyamopsis_psoraloides drought-tolerant herb grown for forage and for its seed which yield a gum used as a thickening agent or sizing material
subtype: soya__soy__soybean__soya_bean__soybean_plant__soybeanplant__soja__soja_bean__Glycine_max__glycinemax erect bushy hairy annual herb having trifoliate leaves and purple to pink flowers; extensively cultivated for food and forage and soil improvement but especially for its nutritious oil-rich seeds; native to Asia
subtype: wild_pea any of various plants of the family Leguminosae that usually grow like vines
subtype: singletary_pea__Caley_pea__rough_pea__roughpea__wild_winterpea__Lathyrus_hirsutus week-stemmed winter annual native to Mediterranean region for long established in southern United States; cultivated as a cover and pasture crop
subtype: beach_pea__beachpea__sea_pea__Lathyrus_maritimus__Lathyrus_japonicus wild pea of seashores of north temperate zone having tough roots and purple flowers and useful as a sand binder
subtype: marsh_pea__marshpea__Lathyrus_palustris scrambling perennial of damp or marshy areas of Eurasia and North America with purplish flowers
subtype: common_vetchling__meadow_pea__yellow_vetchling__Lathyrus_pratensis scrambling perennial Eurasian wild pea having yellowish flowers and compressed seed pods; cultivated for forage
subtype: pride_of_California__Lathyrus_splendens shrubby California perennial having large pink or violet flowers; cultivated as an ornamental
subtype: Tangier_pea__Tangier_peavine__Lalthyrus_tingitanus North African annual resembling the sweet pea having showy but odorless flowers
subtype: lentil_plant__lentil__Lens_culinaris widely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder
subtype: horse_gram__horsegram__horse_grain__horsegrain__poor_man's_pulse__Macrotyloma_uniflorum__Dolichos_biflorus twining herb of Old World tropics cultivated in India for food and fodder; sometimes placed in genus Dolichos
subtype: locoweed__crazyweed__crazy_weed__crazyweed any of several leguminous plants of western North America causing locoism in livestock
subtype: purple_locoweed__purple_loco__Oxytropis_lambertii tufted locoweed of southwestern United States having purple or pink to white flowers
subtype: bean_plant__bean any of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods
subtype: carob_bean__carobbean__carob__algarroba_bean__algarrobabean__algarroba__locust_bean__locust_pod long pod containing small beans and sweetish edible pulp; used as animal feed and source of a chocolate substitute
subtype: soyabean__soy__soybean a source of oil; used for forage and soil improvement and as food
subtype: common_bean_plant__common_bean__Phaseolus_vulgaris the common annual twining or bushy bean plant grown for its edible seeds or pods
subtype: frijol__kidney_bean__frijole the common bean plant grown for the beans rather than the pods (especially a variety with large red kidney-shaped beans)
subtype: green_bean.common_bean_plant__greenbean a common bean plant cultivated for its slender green edible pods
subtype: haricot a French variety of green bean plant bearing light-colored beans
subtype: wax_bean__waxbean a common bean plant grown for its edible golden pod
subtype: Dutch_case-knife_bean__scarlet_runner__scarletrunner__scarlet_runner_bean__runner_bean__Phaseolus_coccineus__Phaseolus_multiflorus tropical American high-climbing bean with red flowers and mottled black beans similar to Phaseolus vulgaris but perennial; a preferred food bean in G Britain
subtype: shell_bean_plant__shell_bean__shellbean a bean plant grown primarily for its edible seed rather than its pod
subtype: lima_bean_plant__lima_bean__Phaseolus_limensis bush or tall-growing bean plant having large flat edible seeds
subtype: sieva_bean__sievabean__butterbean__butter-bean_plant__lima_bean__Phaseolus_lunatus bush bean plant cultivated especially in southern United States having small flat edible seeds
subtype: tepary_bean__Phaseolus_acutifolius_latifolius twining plant of southwestern United States and Mexico having roundish white or yellow or brown or black beans
subtype: broadbean__broad_bean__broadbean__broad-bean_plant__English_bean__European_bean__field_bean__fieldbean__Vicia_faba Old World upright plant grown especially for its large flat edible seeds but also as fodder
subtype: horsebean__broad_bean__broadbean__fava_bean seed of the broad-bean plant
subtype: pea_plant__peaplant__pea a leguminous plant of the genus Pisum with small white flowers and long green pods containing edible green seeds
subtype: garden_pea_plant__garden_pea__common_pea__Pisum_sativum plant producing peas usually eaten fresh rather than dried
subtype: edible-pod_pea__edible-podded_pea__Pisum_sativum_macrocarpon a variety of pea plant producing peas having soft thick edible pods lacking the fibrous inner lining of the common pea
subtype: sugar_pea__sugarpea__snow_pea variety of pea plant producing peas having thin flat edible pods
subtype: snap_pea__sugar_snap_pea variety of pea plant producing peas having crisp rounded edible pods
subtype: field-pea_plant__field_pea__fieldpea__Austrian_winter_pea__Pisum_sativum_arvense__Pisum_arvense variety of pea plant native to the Mediterranean region and North Africa and widely grown especially for forage
subtype: sesbania any of various plants of the genus Sesbania having pinnate leaves and large showy pealike flowers
subtype: Colorado_River_hemp__Sesbania_exaltata tall-growing annual of southwestern United States widely grown as green manure; yields a strong tough bast fiber formerly used by Indians for cordage
subtype: vetch any of various climbing plants of the genus Vicia having pinnately compound leaves that terminate in tendrils and small variously colored flowers; includes valuable forage and soil-building plants
subtype: tare.vetch any of several weedy vetches grown for forage
subtype: hairy_vetch__hairy_tare__hairytare__Vicia_villosa European vetch much cultivated as forage and cover crops
subtype: tufted_vetch__bird_vetch__Calnada_pea__Vicia_cracca common perennial climber of temperate regions of Eurasia and North America having dense elongate clusters of flowers
subtype: bitter_betch__Vicia_orobus European perennial toxic vetch
subtype: spring_vetch__Vicia_sativa herbaceous climbing plant valuable as fodder and for soil-building
subtype: bush_vetch__Vicia_sepium European purple-flowered with slender stems; occurs as a weed in hedges
subtype: moth_bean__Vigna_aconitifolia__Phaseolus_aconitifolius East Indian legume having hairy foliage and small yellow flowers followed by cylindrical pods; used especially in India for food and forage and soil-conditioning; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus
subtype: adzuki_bean__adsuki_bean__Vigna_angularis__Phaseolus_angularis bushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seeds
subtype: snailflower__snail_flower__snailflower__snail_bean__snailbean__corkscrew_flower__corkscrewflower__Vigna_caracalla__Phaseolus_caracalla__phaseoluscaracalla perennial tropical American vine cultivated for its racemes of showy yellow and purple flowers having the corolla keel coiled like a snail shell; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus
subtype: mung_bean__mung__green_gram__greengram__golden_gram__Vigna_radiata__Phaseolus_aureus erect bushy annual widely cultivated in warm regions of India and Indonesia and United States for forage and especially its edible seeds; chief source of bean sprouts used in Chinese cookery; sometimes placed in genus Phaseolus
subtype: cowpea_plant__cowpea__black-eyed_pea__Vigna_unguiculata__Vigna_sinensis sprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure
subtype: asparagus_bean__asparagusbean__yard-long_bean__Vigna_unguiculata_sesquipedalis__Vigna_sesquipedalis South American bean having very long succulent pods
subtype: clover__trefoil a plant of the genus Trifolium
subtype: alpine_clover__Trifolium_alpinum European mountain clover with fragrant usually pink flowers
subtype: hop_clover__hopclover__shamrock__lesser_yellow_trefoil__Trifolium_dubium clover native to Ireland with yellowish flowers; often considered the true or original shamrock
subtype: crimson_clover__crimsonclover__Italian_clover__Trifolium_incarnatum southern European annual with spiky heads of crimson flower; extensively cultivated in United States for forage
subtype: red_clover__redclover__purpleclover__Trifolium_pratense erect to decumbent short-lived perennial having red-purple to pink flowers; the most commonly grown forage clover
subtype: Trifolium_reflexum__buffalo_clover__buffaloclover clover of western United States
subtype: white_clover__whiteclover__dutch_clover__dutchclover__shamrock__Trifolium_repens creeping European clover having white to pink flowers and bright green leaves; naturalized in United States; widely grown for forage
subtype: buffalo_clover__buffaloclover__Trifolium_stoloniferum clover of western United States
subtype: Madagascar_periwinkle__periwinkle__rose_periwinkle__old_maid__oldmaid__Cape_periwinkle__red_periwinkle__redperiwinkle__cayenne_jasmine__cayennejasmine__Catharanthus_roseus__Vinca_rosea commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers
subtype: aroid__arum any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe
subtype: cuckoopint__lords-and-ladies__jack-in-the-pulpit__Arum_maculatum common European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a starch called arum
subtype: black_calla__Arum_palaestinum ornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe
subtype: alocasia__elephant's_ear__elephant_ear any plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries
subtype: giant_taro__gianttaro__Alocasia_macrorrhiza large evergreen with extremely large erect or spreading leaves; cultivated widely in tropics for its edible rhizome and shoots; used in wet warm regions as a stately ornamental
subtype: amorphophallus any plant of the genus Amorphophallus
subtype: pungapung__telingo_potato__telingopotato__elephant_yam__Amorphophallus_paeonifolius__Amorphophallus_campanulatus putrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber
subtype: devil's_tongue__devil'stongue__snake_palm__snakepalm__umbrella_arum__Amorphophallus_rivieri foul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix
subtype: krubi__titan_arum__titanarum__Amorphophallus_titanum malodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet
subtype: jack-in-the-pulpit__Indian_turnip__wake-robin__Arisaema_triphyllum__Arisaema_atrorubens common American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries
subtype: green_dragon__greendragon__Arisaema_dracontium early spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix
subtype: friar's-cowl__friar'scowl__arisarumvulgare tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores
subtype: caladium any plant of the genus Caladium cultivated for their ornamental foliage variously patterned in white or pink or red
subtype: Caladium_bicolor most popular caladium; cultivated in many varieties since the late 19th century
subtype: taro_plant__taro__dalo__dasheen__Colocasia_esculenta herb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves
subtype: dumb_cane__mother-in-law_plant__mother-in-law's_tongue__Dieffenbachia_sequine a evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name
subtype: dracontium any plant of the genus Dracontium; strongly malodorous tropical American plants usually with gigantic leaves
subtype: dragon_arum__green_dragon__greendragon__Dracunculus_vulgaris European arum resembling the cuckoopint
subtype: nephthytis any plant of the genus Nephthytis
subtype: Nephthytis_afzelii tropical rhizomatous plant cultivated as an ornamental for its large sagittate leaves
subtype: yautia__tannia__spoonflower__malanga__Xanthosoma_sagittifolium__Xanthosoma_atrovirens tropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes
subtype: Panax_ginseng__ginseng__nin-sin__ninsin__Panax_schinseng__Panax_pseudoginseng Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers
subtype: American_ginseng__sang__Panax_quinquefolius North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng
subtype: wild_ginger low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes
subtype: Canada_ginger__black_snakeroot__Asarum_canadense deciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States
subtype: Asarum_virginicum__heartleaf evergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-gray heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina
subtype: asarabacca__Asarum_europaeum thick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe
subtype: heartleaf__Asarum_shuttleworthii wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama
subtype: caryophyllaceous_plant a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae
subtype: mouse-ear_chickweed__mouseearchickweed__mouse_eared_chickweed__mouseearedchickweed__mouse_ear__mouseear__clammy_chickweed__chickweed any of various plants related to the common chickweed
subtype: field_chickweed__fieldchickweed__field_mouse-ear__fieldmouseear__Cerastium_arvense densely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone
subtype: snow-in-summer__love-in-a-mist__Cerastium_tomentosum chickweed with hairy silver-gray leaves and rather large white flowers
subtype: Alpine_mouse-ear__Arctic_mouse-ear__Cerastium_alpinum widespread in Arctic and on mountains in Europe
subtype: drypis spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers
subtype: coral_necklace__coralnecklace__Illecebrum_verticullatum glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas
subtype: chickweed any of various plants of the genus Stellaria
subtype: common_chickweed__Stellaria_media a common low-growing annual garden weed with small white flowers; cosmopolitan; so-called because it is eaten by chickens
subtype: greater_stitchwort__greaterstitchwort__stitchwort__starwort__Stellaria_holostea low-growing north temperate herb having small white star-shaped flowers; named for its alleged ability to ease sharp pains in the side
subtype: New_Zealand_spinach__Tetragonia_tetragonioides__Tetragonia_expansa coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves
subtype: amaranth any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food
subtype: Amaranthus_albus__tumbleweed__Amaranthus_graecizans bushy plant of western United States
subtype: love-lies-bleeding__velvet_flower__tassel_flower__Amaranthus_caudatus young leaves widely used as leaf vegetables; seeds used as cereal
subtype: gentleman's-cane__gentleman'scane__prince's-feather__prince's-plume__red_amaranth__redamaranth__purple_amaranth__Amaranthus_cruentus__Amaranthus_hybridus_hypochondriacus__Amaranthus_hybridus_erythrostachys tall showy tropical American annual having hairy stems and long spikes of usually red flowers above leaves deeply flushed with purple; seeds often used as cereal
subtype: pigweed__Amaranthus_hypochondriacus leaves sometimes used as potherbs; seeds used as cereal; southern United States to Central America; India and China
subtype: thorny_amaranth__Amaranthus_spinosus erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes
subtype: red_fox__Celosia_argentea weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers
subtype: common_cockscomb__cockscomb__Celosia_cristata__Celosia_argentea_cristata garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers
subtype: cottonweed any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers
subtype: goosefoot any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers
subtype: lamb's-quarters__pigweed__wild_spinach__Chenopodium_album common weedy European plant introduced into North America; often used as a potherb
subtype: American_wormseed__Mexican_tea__Spanish_tea__wormseed__Chenopodium_ambrosioides rank-smelling tropical American pigweed
subtype: good-king-henry__allgood__fat_hen__fathen__wild_spinach__Chenopodium_bonus-henricus European plant naturalized in North America; often collected from the wild as a potherb
subtype: Jerusalem_oak__feather_geranium__feathergeranium__Mexican_tea__Chenopodium_botrys__Atriplex_mexicana Eurasian aromatic oak-leaved goosefoot with many yellow-green flowers; naturalized North America
subtype: strawberry_blite__strawberry_pigweed__Indian_paint__Chenopodium_capitatum European annual with clusters of greenish flowers followed by red pulpy berrylike fruit; naturalized North America
subtype: oak-leaved_goosefoot__oakleaf_goosefoot__oakleafgoosefoot__Chenopodium_glaucum annual European plant with spikes of greenish flowers and leaves that are white-hairy beneath; common as a weed in North America
subtype: sowbane__red_goosefoot__redgoosefoot__Chenopodium_hybridum herb considered fatal to swine
subtype: nettle-leaved_goosefoot__nettleleaf_goosefoot__Chenopodium_murale European annual with coarsely dentate leaves; widespread in United States and southern Canada
subtype: red_goosefoot__redgoosefoot__French_spinach__Chenopodium_rubrum common Eurasian weed; naturalized in United States
subtype: stinking_goosefoot__Chenopodium_vulvaria European goosefoot with strong-scented foliage; adventive in eastern North America
subtype: orach__orache any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes
subtype: garden_orache__mountain_spinach__Atriplex_hortensis Asiatic plant resembling spinach often used as a potherb; naturalized in Europe and North America
subtype: halogeton__Halogeton_glomeratus a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content
subtype: Halogeton_souda__barilla Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate
subtype: samphire__glasswort__Salicornia_europaea fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass
subtype: pokeweed perennial of the genus Phytolacca
subtype: Indian_poke__Phytolacca_acinosa pokeweed of southeastern Asia and China
subtype: pigeon_berry__poke__garget__scoke__Phytolacca_americana tall coarse perennial American herb having small white flowers followed by blackish-red berries on long drooping racemes; young fleshy stems are edible; berries and root are poisonous
subtype: ombu__bella_sombra__bellasombra__phytolaccadioica fast-growing herbaceous evergreen tree of South America having a broad trunk with high water content and dark green oval leaves
subtype: purslane a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas
subtype: common_purslane__pussley__pusly__verdolagas__Portulaca_oleracea weedy trailing mat-forming herb with bright yellow flowers cultivated for its edible mildly acid leaves eaten raw or cooked especially in Indian and Greek and Middle Eastern cuisine; cosmopolitan
subtype: rock_purslane a plant of the genus Calandrinia
subtype: Indian_lettuce a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves
subtype: broad-leaved_montia__Montia_cordifolia succulent plant with mostly basal leaves; stem bears 1 pair of broadly ovate or heart-shaped leaves and a loose raceme of 3-10 white flowers; western North America
subtype: blinks__blinking_chickweed__water_chickweed__Montia_lamprosperma small Indian lettuce of northern regions
subtype: toad_lily__Montia_chamissoi a floating or creeping Indian lettuce having terminal racemes of pale rose flowers; wet areas at high elevations of western North America
subtype: winter_purslane__miner's_lettuce__miner'slettuce__Cuban_spinach__Montia_perfoliata succulent herb sometimes grown as a salad or pot herb; grows on dunes and waste ground of Pacific coast of North America
subtype: spiderflower__cleome any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers
subtype: spider_flower__spider_plant__Cleome_hassleriana native to South America but naturalized in warm parts of United States; grown for its long-lasting spider-shaped white to pink-purple flowers
subtype: Rocky_Mountain_bee_plant__stinking_clover__Cleome_serrulata plant of western North America having trifoliate leaves and white or pink spider-shaped flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental
subtype: clammyweed__Polanisia_graveolens__Polanisia_dodecandra strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs
subtype: crucifer__cruciferous_plant__cruciferousplant any of various plants of the family Cruciferae
subtype: cress_plant__cress any of various plants of the family Cruciferae having edible pungent-tasting leaves
subtype: watercress any of several water-loving cresses
subtype: American_watercress__mountain_watercress__Cardamine_rotundifolia mat-forming perennial found in cold springs of the eastern United States
subtype: common_watercress__Rorippa_nasturtium-aquaticum__Nasturtium_officinale perennial Eurasian cress growing chiefly in springs or running water having fleshy pungent leaves used in salads or as a potherb or garnish; introduced in North America and elsewhere
subtype: marsh_cress__marshcres__yellow_watercress__Rorippa_islandica annual or biennial cress growing in damp places sometimes used in salads or as a potherb; troublesome weed in some localities
subtype: great_yellowcress__greatyellowcres__Rorippa_amphibia__Nasturtium_amphibium perennial herb found on streams and riversides throughout Europe except extreme north and Mediterranean; sometimes placed in genus Nasturtium
subtype: Arabidopsis_thaliana__mouse-ear_cress__mouseearcres a small invasive self-pollinating weed with small white flowers; much studied by plant geneticists; the first higher plant whose complete genome sequence was described
subtype: Arabidopsis_lyrata a small non-invasive cross-pollinating plant with white flowers; closely related to Arabidopsis thaliana
subtype: rock_cress__rockcress__rockcres any of several rock-loving cresses of the genus Arabis
subtype: Arabis_Canadensis__sicklepod North American rock cress having very long curved pods
subtype: Arabis_turrita__tower_cress__tower_mustard__towermustard European cress having stiff erect stems; sometimes placed in genus Turritis
subtype: tower_mustard__towermustard__tower_cress__Turritis_glabra__Arabis_glabra or genus Arabis: erect cress widely distributed throughout Europe
subtype: St._Barbara's_herb__winter_cress__scurvy_grass any plant of the genus Barbarea: yellow-flowered Eurasian cresses; widely cultivated for winter salad
subtype: Belle_Isle_cress__early_winter_cress__land_cress__American_cress__American_watercress__Barbarea_verna__Barbarea_praecox of southwestern Europe; cultivated in Florida
subtype: bittercress__bittercres__bittercres any of various herbs of the genus Cardamine, having usually pinnate leaves and racemes of white, pink or purple flowers; cosmopolitan except Antarctic
subtype: lady's_smock__cuckooflower__cuckoo_flower__meadow_cress__Cardamine_pratensis a bitter cress of Europe and America
subtype: coral-root_bittercress__coralroot__coralwort__cardaminebulbifera__Dentaria_bulbifera European bittercress having a knotted white rootstock
subtype: crinkleroot__pepperroot__toothwort__Cardamine_diphylla__Dentaria_diphylla North American herb with pungent scaly or toothed roots
subtype: spring_cress__Cardamine_bulbosa small white-flowered cress common in wet places in eastern North America
subtype: purple_cress__Cardamine_douglasii small perennial herb of cooler regions of North America with racemose purple flowers
subtype: common_scurvy_grass__scurvy_grass__Cochlearia_officinalis a widely distributed arctic cress reputed to have value in treatment or prevention of scurvy; a concentrated source of vitamin C
subtype: common_garden_cress__garden_pepper_cress__pepper_grass__pepperwort__Lepidium_sativum annual herb used as salad green and garnish
subtype: garlic_mustard__hedge_garlic__hedgegarlic__sauce-alone__saucealone__jack-by-the-hedge__Alliaria_officinalis European herb that smells like garlic
subtype: alyssum__madwort any garden plant of the genus Alyssum having clusters of small yellow or white flowers
subtype: Anastatica_hierochuntica__rose_of_Jericho__resurrection_plant small gray Asiatic desert plant bearing minute white flowers that rolls up when dry and expands when moist
subtype: wild_cabbage__Brassica_oleracea wild original of cultivated cabbages; common in western coastal Europe
subtype: cultivated_cabbage__cabbage__Brassica_oleracea any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers
subtype: head_cabbage_plant__head_cabbage__Brassica_oleracea_capitata any of various cultivated cabbage plants having a short thick stalk and large compact head of edible usually green leaves
subtype: savoy_cabbage__savoycabbage cabbage plant with a compact head of crinkled leaves
subtype: red_cabbage.head_cabbage_plant__redcabbage cabbage plant with a compact head of reddish purple leaves
subtype: brussels_sprout__Brassica_oleracea_gemmifera plant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages
subtype: Brassica_oleracea_botrytis__cauliflower a plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds
subtype: Brassica_oleracea_italica__broccoli plant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds
subtype: borecole__kale__kail__cole__colewort__Brassica_oleracea_acephala a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head
subtype: collard variety of kale having smooth leaves
subtype: kohlrabi__Brassica_oleracea_gongylodes plant cultivated for its enlarged fleshy turnip-shaped edible stem
subtype: turnip_plant any of several widely cultivated plants having edible roots
subtype: Brassica_rapa__turnip__white_turnip__whiteturnip widely cultivated plant having a large fleshy edible white or yellow root
subtype: rutabaga_plant__rutabaga__turnip_cabbage__swede__Swedish_turnip__Brassica_napus_napobrassica a cruciferous plant with a thick bulbous edible yellow root
subtype: Brassica_rapa_ruvo__broccoli_raab__broccoli_rabe plant grown for its pungent edible leafy shoots
subtype: mustard any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica
subtype: chinese_mustard__chinesemustard__indian_mustard__leaf_mustard__gai_choi__gaichoi__Brassica_juncea Asiatic mustard used as a potherb
subtype: black_mustard__blackmustard__Brassica_nigra widespread Eurasian annual plant cultivated for its pungent seeds; a principal source of table mustard
subtype: colza__rape__Brassica_napus Eurasian plant cultivated for its seed and as a forage crop
subtype: white_mustard__whitemustard__Brassica_hirta__Sinapis_alba Eurasian mustard cultivated for its pungent seeds; a source of table mustard and mustard oil
subtype: field_mustard__fieldmustard__wild_mustard__charlock__chadlock__Brassica_kaber__Sinapis_arvensis weedy Eurasian plant often a pest in grain fields
subtype: Chinese_cabbage__celery_cabbage__napa__pe-tsai__Brassica_rapa_pekinensis plant with an elongated head of broad stalked leaves resembling celery; used as a vegetable in east Asia
subtype: pakchoi__bok_choy__bokchoy__bok_choi__bokchoi__Chinese_white_cabbage__Brassica_rapa_chinensis Asiatic plant grown for its cluster of edible white stalks with dark green leaves
subtype: tendergreen__spinach_mustard__spinachmustard__Brassica_perviridis__Brassica_rapa_perviridis Asiatic plant cultivated for its swollen root crown and edible foliage
subtype: gold_of_pleasure__Camelina_sativa annual European false flax having small white flowers; cultivated since Neolithic times as a source of fiber and for its oil-rich seeds; widely naturalized in North America
subtype: shepherd's_purse__shepherd's_pouch__Capsella_bursa-pastoris white-flowered annual European herb bearing triangular notched pods; nearly cosmopolitan as an introduced weed
subtype: radish_plant a cruciferous plant of the genus Raphanus having a pungent edible root
subtype: Raphanus_sativus__radish Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its edible pungent root usually eaten raw
subtype: daikon__Japanese_radish__Raphanus_sativus_longipinnatus radish of Japan with a long hard durable root eaten raw or cooked
subtype: malheur_wire_lettuce__Stephanomeria_malheurensis a small plant of Oregon resembling mustard; a threatened species
subtype: stonecress__stone_cress__stonecres any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats
subtype: horse_radish__horseradish__red_cole__redcole__Armoracia_rusticana coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root
subtype: hoary_alison__hoaryalison__hoary_alyssum__hoaryalyssum__Berteroa_incana tall European annual with downy gray-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed
subtype: sea-rocket__searocket__Cakile_maritima salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy gray-green foliage
subtype: sea_kale__seakale__sea_cole__seacole__Crambe_maritima perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs
subtype: tansy_mustard__Descurainia_pinnata North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy
subtype: wall_rocket__Diplotaxis_muralis__Diplotaxis_tenuifolia yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America
subtype: white_rocket__whiterocket__Diplotaxis_erucoides from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe
subtype: draba any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique
subtype: whitlow_grass__whitlowgras__Draba_verna annual weed of Europe and North America having a rosette of basal leaves and tiny flowers followed by oblong seed capsules
subtype: garden_rocket__rocket__roquette__rocket_salad__arugula__erucasativa__erucavesicariasativa erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender
subtype: tansy-leaved_rocket__Hugueninia_tanacetifolia__Sisymbrium_tanacetifolia perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium
subtype: woad any of several herbs of the genus Isatis
subtype: dyer's_woad__Isatis_tinctoria European biennial formerly grown for the blue coloring matter yielded by its leaves
subtype: bladderpod any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods
subtype: honesty__silverdollar__money_plant__moneyplant__satin_flower__satinflower__satinpod__Lunaria_annua southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration
subtype: Physaria_bladderpod__bladderpod any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods
subtype: chamois_cress__chamoiscres__Pritzelago_alpina__Lepidium_alpina small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium
subtype: hedge_mustard__hedgemustard__Sisymbrium_officinale stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally
subtype: fringepod__lacepod annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles
subtype: bladderpod.herbaceous_plant annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella
subtype: prickly_poppy__pricklypoppy__argemone__white_thistle__whitethistle__devil's_fig__devil'sfig any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America
subtype: Mexican_poppy__Argemone_mexicana annual herb with prickly stems and large yellow flowers; southern United States to West Indies and Mexico
subtype: bloodroot__puccoon__redroot__tetterwort__Sanguinaria_canadensis perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leave and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant
subtype: fumitory__fumewort__fumeroot__Fumaria_officinalis delicate European herb with grayish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally
subtype: bleeding_heart__lyreflower__Dicentra_spectabilis garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers
subtype: Dutchman's_breeches__Dicentra_cucullaria delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having double-spurred white flowers
subtype: squirrel_corn__Dicentra_canadensis American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn
subtype: achillea any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads
subtype: yarrow__milfoil__Achillea_millefolium ubiquitous strong-scented mat-forming Eurasian herb of wasteland, hedgerow or pasture having narrow serrate leaves and small usually white florets; widely naturalized in North America
subtype: sneezeweed_yarrow__sneezewort__Achillea_ptarmica Eurasian herb having loose heads of button-shaped white flowers and long gray-green leaves that cause sneezing when powdered
subtype: white_snakeroot__whitesnakeroot__white_sanicle__whitesanicle__Ageratina_altissima__Eupatorium_rugosum American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
subtype: pellitory-of-Spain__pellitory__Anacyclus_pyrethrum small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache
subtype: andryala any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers
subtype: ladies'_tobacco__ladies'tobacco__lady's_tobacco__Antennaria_plantaginifolia North American perennial propagated by means of runners
subtype: cat's_foot__cat'sfoot__cat's_feet__cat'sfeet__pussytoes__pussytoe__Antennaria_dioica low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers
subtype: plantain-leaved_pussytoes a variety of pussytoes
subtype: field_pussytoes__fieldpussytoe a variety of pussytoes
subtype: solitary_pussytoes a variety of pussytoes
subtype: mountain_everlasting a variety of cat's foot
subtype: arnica.herbaceous_plant any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica
subtype: lamb_succory__dwarf_nipplewort__dwarfnipplewort__Arnoseris_minima small European herb with small yellow flowers
subtype: ayapana__Ayapana_triplinervis__Eupatorium_aya-pana low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
subtype: balsamroot a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having white-downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots
subtype: Indian_plantain any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain
subtype: safflower__false_saffron__falsesaffron__Carthamus_tinctorius thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil
subtype: chamomile__camomile__Chamaemelum_nobilis__Anthemis_nobilis Eurasian plant apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis
subtype: chaenactis any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers
subtype: chicory_plant__chicory__Cichorium_intybus perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads
subtype: endive__witloof__Cichorium_endivia widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched
subtype: coreopsis__coreopsi__tickseed__tickweed any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America
subtype: giant_coreopsis__giantcoreopsi__Coreopsis_gigantea large treelike shrub having feathery leaves and clusters of large yellow flower heads; coastal southern California
subtype: sea_dahlia__seadahlia__Coreopsis_maritima stout herb with flowers one to a stalk; ornamental developed from a Mexican wildflower
subtype: calliopsis__Coreopsis_tinctoria North American annual widely cultivated for its yellow flowers with purple-red to brownish centers; in some classifications placed in a subgenus Calliopsis
subtype: leopard's-bane__leopard'sbane__leopardbane any of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads
subtype: globe_thistle__globethistle any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers
subtype: elephant's-foot any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America
subtype: Emilia_coccinea__tassel_flower__Emilia_javanica__Emilia_flammea__Cacalia_javanica__Cacalia_lutea tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia
subtype: tassel_flower__Emilia_sagitta tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers
subtype: hemp_agrimony__Eupatorium_cannabinum coarse European herb with palmately-divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads
subtype: dog_fennel__dogfennel__Eupatorium_capillifolium weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers
subtype: spotted_Joe-Pye_weed__Joe-Pye_weed__Eupatorium_maculatum North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads
subtype: boneset__agueweed__thoroughwort__Eupatorium_perfoliatum perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine
subtype: Joe-Pye_weed__purple_boneset__trumpet_weed__trumpetweed__marsh_milkweed__marshmilkweed__Eupatorium_purpureum North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple
subtype: gumweed__gum_plant__gumplant__tarweed__rosinweed any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock
subtype: Grindelia_robusta perennial gumweed of California and Baja California
subtype: curlycup_gumweed__Grindelia_squarrosa perennial gumweed of western and central North America
subtype: Haastia_pulvinaris__vegetable_sheep__vegetablesheep__sheep_plant__sheepplant cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs
subtype: sneezeweed any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing
subtype: autumn_sneezeweed__Helenium_autumnale North American perennial with bright yellow late summer flowers flowers
subtype: orange_sneezeweed__owlclaws__Helenium_hoopesii stout perennial herb of western United States having flower heads with drooping orange-yellow rays; causes spewing sickness in sheep
subtype: rosilla__Helenium_puberulum a sneezeweed of southwestern United States especially southern California
subtype: hawkweed any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion
subtype: rattlesnake_weed__rattlesnakeweed__hieraciumvenosum a hawkweed with a rosette of purple-veined basal leaves; Canada to northern Georgia and Kentucky
subtype: mouse-ear_hawkweed__mouseearhawkweed__Pilosella_officinarum__Hieracium_pilocella European hawkweed having soft hairy leaves; sometimes placed in genus Hieracium
subtype: alpine_coltsfoot__Homogyne_alpina__Tussilago_alpina rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago
subtype: inula any plant of the genus Inula
subtype: elecampane__Inula_helenium tall coarse Eurasian herb having daisylike yellow flowers with narrow petals whose rhizomatous roots are used medicinally
subtype: krigia any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia
subtype: dwarf_dandelion__dwarfdandelion__Krigia_dandelion__Krigia_bulbosa small yellow-flowered herb resembling dandelions of central and southeastern United States
subtype: lettuce.herbaceous_plant any of various plants of the genus Lactuca
subtype: garden_lettuce__common_lettuce__Lactuca_sativa annual or perennial garden plant having succulent leaves used in salads; widely grown
subtype: cos_lettuce__coslettuce__romaine_lettuce__romainelettuce__Lactuca_sativa_longifolia lettuce with long dark-green spoon-shaped leaves
subtype: head_lettuce__Lactuca_sativa_capitata distinguished by leaves arranged in a dense rosette that develop into a compact ball
subtype: leaf_lettuce__Lactuca_sativa_crispa distinguished by leaves having curled or incised leaves forming a loose rosette that does not develop into a compact head
subtype: stem_lettuce__celtuce__Lactuca_sativa_asparagina lettuce valued especially for its edible stems
subtype: leopard_plant__leopardplant any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage
subtype: tarweed any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America
subtype: melosa__Chile_tarweed__madia_oil_plant__madiaoilplant__Madia_sativa South American herb with sticky glandular foliage; source of madia oil
subtype: sweet_false_chamomile__sweetfalsechamomile__wild_chamomile__German_chamomile__Matricaria_recutita__Matricaria_chamomilla annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior
subtype: pineapple_weed__pineappleweed__rayless_chamomile__raylesschamomile__Matricaria_matricarioides annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States; northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers
subtype: rattlesnake_root__rattlesnakeroot a plant of the genus Nabalus
subtype: white_lettuce__whitelettuce__cankerweed__Nabalus_alba__Prenanthes_alba herb of northeastern North America having drooping clusters of yellowish-white flowers; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes
subtype: lion's_foot__gall_of_the_earth__Nabalus_serpentarius__Prenanthes_serpentaria common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes
subtype: butterweed any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packer; often placed in genus Senecio
subtype: golden_groundsel__golden_ragwort__Packera_aurea__Senecio_aureus weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio
subtype: butterbur__bog_rhubarb__bogrhubarb__Petasites_hybridus__Petasites_vulgaris small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas
subtype: winter_heliotrope__sweet_coltsfoot__sweetcoltsfoot__Petasites_fragrans European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers
subtype: sweet_coltsfoot__sweetcoltsfoot__Petasites_sagitattus American sweet-scented herb
subtype: hawkweed.herbaceous_plant any of various plants of the genus Pilosella
subtype: stevia any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia
subtype: Prenanthes_purpurea__rattlesnake_root__rattlesnakeroot herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets
subtype: pteropogon__Pteropogon_humboltianum southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit
subtype: feabane_mullet__feabanemullet__fleabane__Pulicaria_dysenterica hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas
subtype: sheep_plant__sheepplant__vegetable_sheep__vegetablesheep__Raoulia_lutescens__Raoulia_australis perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage
subtype: creeping_zinnia__Sanvitalia_procumbens low-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala
subtype: costusroot__Saussurea_costus__Saussurea_lappa annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs
subtype: viper's_grass__viper'sgras__black_salsify__blacksalsify__scorzonera__Scorzonera_hispanica perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black-skinned carrot-shaped edible roots
subtype: sawwort__Serratula_tinctoria European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye
subtype: milk_thistle__lady's_thistle__Our_Lady's_mild_thistle__holy_thistle__blessed_thistle__Silybum_marianum tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America
subtype: stevia.herbaceous_plant any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America
subtype: alecost__costmary__bible_leaf__bibleleaf__mint_geranium__balsam_herb__Tanacetum_balsamita__Chrysanthemum_balsamita tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
subtype: camphor_dune_tansy__Tanacetum_camphoratum densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area
subtype: Dalmatian_pyrethrum__pyrethrum__Dalmatia_pyrethrum__Tanacetum_cinerariifolium__Chrysanthemum_cinerariifolium white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
subtype: feverfew__Tanacetum_parthenium__Chrysanthemum_parthenium bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
subtype: dandelion__blowball any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls
subtype: common_dandelion__Taraxacum_ruderalia__Taraxacum_officinale Eurasian plant widely naturalized as a weed in North America; used as salad greens and to make wine
subtype: Russian_dandelion__kok-saghyz__koksaghyz__kok-sagyz__koksagyz__Taraxacum_kok-saghyz perennial dandelion native to Kazakh Republic of Russia cultivated for its fleshy roots which have high rubber content
subtype: Tragopogon_porrifolius__salsify__oysterplant__vegetable_oyster__vegetableoyster Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States
subtype: wild_vanilla__Trilisa_odoratissima perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla
subtype: scentless_camomile__scentlesscamomile__scentless_false_camomile__scentlessfalsecamomile__scentless_mayweed__scentless_hayweed__scentlesshayweed__corn_mayweed__Tripleurospermum_inodorum__Matricaria_inodorum ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
subtype: Tripleurospermum_oreades_tchihatchewii__turfing_daisy__turfingdaisy__Matricaria_oreades mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
subtype: turfing_daisy__turfingdaisy__Tripleurospermum_tchihatchewii__Matricaria_tchihatchewii low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
subtype: coltsfoot__Tussilago_farfara perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly
subtype: ironweed__vernonia any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue
subtype: loasa any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers
subtype: campanula__bellflower any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers
subtype: harebell__bluebell__Campanula_rotundifolia perennial of northern hemisphere with slender stems and bell-shaped blue flowers
subtype: creeping_bellflower__Campanula_rapunculoides erect European herb with creeping rootstocks and nodding spikelike racemes of blue to violet flowers
subtype: cup_and_saucer__cupandsaucer__Canterbury_bell__Campanula_medium European biennial widely cultivated for its blue or violet or white flowers
subtype: southern_harebell__Campanula_divaricata bellflower of southeastern United States (Maryland to Georgia) having pale blue flowers
subtype: tall_bellflower__Campanula_americana annual or perennial of eastern North America with long spikes of blue or white flowers
subtype: marsh_bellflower__marshbellflower__Campanula_aparinoides bellflower common in marshes of eastern North America having lanceolate linear leaves and small whitish flowers
subtype: clustered_bellflower__clusteredbellflower__Campanula_glomerata bellflower of Europe to temperate Asia having dense spikes of violet-blue to white flowers
subtype: peach_bells__peachbell__peachbell__willowbell__Campanula_persicifolia perennial European bellflower with racemose white or blue flowers
subtype: chimney_plant__chimneyplant__chimney_bellflower__chimneybellflower__campanulapyramidali bellflower of southeastern Europe
subtype: rampion_bellflower__rampionbellflower__rampion__campanularapunculu bellflower of Europe and Asia and North Africa having bluish flowers and an edible tuberous root used with the leaves in salad
subtype: throatwort__nettle-leaved_bellflower__Campanula_trachelium European bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throat
subtype: tussock_bellflower__tussockbellflower__spreading_bellflower__spreadingbellflower__Campanula_carpatica European perennial bellflower that grows in clumps with spreading stems and blue or white flowers
subtype: primrose__primula any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads
subtype: English_primrose__Primula_vulgaris plant of western and southern Europe widely cultivated for its pale yellow flowers
subtype: cowslip__paigle__Primula_veris early spring flower common in British isles having fragrant yellow or sometimes purple flowers
subtype: oxlip__paigle__Primula_elatior Eurasian primrose with yellow flowers clustered in a one-sided umbel
subtype: Chinese_primrose__Primula_sinensis cultivated Asiatic primrose
subtype: Primula_auricula__auricula__bear's_ear yellow-flowered primrose native to Alps; commonly cultivated
subtype: polyanthus__Primula_polyantha florists' primroses; considered a complex hybrid derived from oxlip, cowslip, and common primrose
subtype: pimpernel any of several plants of the genus Anagallis
subtype: scarlet_pimpernel__scarletpimpernel__red_pimpernel__redpimpernel__poor_man's_weatherglass__Anagallis_arvensis herb with scarlet or white or purple blossoms that close at approach of rainy weather
subtype: bog_pimpernel__bogpimpernel__Anagallis_tenella small creeping European herb having delicate pink flowers
subtype: sea_milkwort__seamilkwort__sea_trifoly__seatrifoly__black_saltwort__blacksaltwort__Glaux_maritima a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers
subtype: loosestrife any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia
subtype: gooseneck_loosestrife__gooseneckloosestrife__Lysimachia_clethroides_Duby a variety of the loosestrife herb
subtype: yellow_pimpernel__Lysimachia_nemorum trailing European evergreen with yellow flowers
subtype: fringed_loosestrife__fringedloosestrife__Lysimachia_ciliatum of North America
subtype: moneywort__creepingjenny__creeping_Charlie__Lysimachia_nummularia a loosestrife vine
subtype: yellow_loosestrife__garden_loosestrife__Lysimachia_vulgaris frequently considered a weed; Europe and Asia
subtype: swamp_candles__swampcandle__lysimachiaterrestri North American plant with spikes of yellow flowers, found in wet places
subtype: whorled_loosestrife__whorledloosestrife__Lysimachia_quadrifolia common North American yellow-flowered plant
subtype: plumbago any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago
subtype: gramineous_plant__graminaceous_plant cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and narrow long-bladed leaves
subtype: grass__gras narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay
subtype: beach_grass__beachgras tough grasses with strong roots that can grow on exposed sandy shores
subtype: bunchgrass__bunch_grass__bunchgras any of various grasses of many genera that grow in tufts or clumps rather than forming a sod or mat; chiefly of western United States
subtype: midgrass any of various grasses of moderate height which covered the undisturbed prairie in the United States; includes most of the forage grasses of the temperate zone
subtype: shortgrass any of various grasses that are short and can tolerate drought conditions; common on the dry upland plains just east of the Rocky Mountains
subtype: sword_grass__swordgras any of various grasses or sedges having sword-shaped leaves with sharp edges
subtype: tallgrass__tallgras any of various grasses that are tall and that flourish with abundant moisture
subtype: goat_grass__Aegilops_triuncalis European grass naturalized as a weed in North America; sharp-pointed seeds cause injury when eaten by livestock
subtype: wheatgrass a grass of the genus Agropyron
subtype: crested_wheatgrass__crested_wheat_grass__crestedwheatgras__fairwaycrestedwheatgras__Agropyron_cristatum Eurasian grass grown in United States great plains area for forage and erosion control
subtype: dog_grass__doggras__couch_grass__couchgras__quackgrass__quack_grass__quackgras__quickgras__witch_grass__witchgrass__Agropyron_repens European grass spreading rapidly by creeping rhizomes; naturalized in North America as a weed
subtype: bearded_wheatgrass__Agropyron_subsecundum a wheatgrass with straight terminal awns on the flowering glumes
subtype: western_wheatgrass__bluestem_wheatgrass__Agropyron_smithii valuable forage grass of western United States
subtype: intermediate_wheatgrass__Agropyron_intermedium__Elymus_hispidus Asiatic grass introduced into United States rangelands for pasture and fodder
subtype: slender_wheatgrass__Agropyron_trachycaulum__Agropyron_pauciflorum__Elymus_trachycaulos North American grass cultivated in western United States as excellent forage crop
subtype: bent_grass__bent__bentgrass__bentgras grass for pastures and lawns especially bowling and putting greens
subtype: velvet_bent_grass__velvet_bent__brown_bent__brownbent__Rhode_Island_bent__dog_bent__dogbent__Agrostis_canina common grass with slender stems and narrow leaves
subtype: cloud_grass__cloudgras__Agrostis_nebulosa Spanish grass with light feathery panicles grown for dried bouquets
subtype: creeping_bent__creeping_bentgrass__Agrostis_palustris common pasture or lawn grass spread by long runners
subtype: broom_grass__broomgras any of several grasses of the genus Andropogon; used in broom making
subtype: broom_sedge__broomsedge__Andropogon_virginicus tall tufted grass of southeastern United States
subtype: broom_beard_grass__broombeardgras__prairiegras__wiregras__andropogonscopariu__Schizachyrium_scoparium handsome hardy North American grass with foliage turning pale bronze in autumn
subtype: tall_oat_grass__tall_meadow_grass__evergreen_grass__evergreengras__false_oat__falseoat__French_rye__Arrhenatherum_elatius coarse perennial Eurasian grass resembling oat; found on roadside verges and rough grassland and in hay meadows; introduced in North America for forage
subtype: brome__bromegrass any of various woodland and meadow grasses of the genus Bromus; native to temperate regions
subtype: awnless_bromegrass__Bromus_inermis drought-resistant perennial with awns lacking or very short and long creeping rhizomes; Europe and temperate Asia
subtype: chess__ches__Bromus_secalinus weedy annual native to Europe but widely distributed as a weed especially in wheat
subtype: downy_brome__downybrome__downy_bromegrass__downy_cheat__downycheat__downy_chess__downyches__cheatgrass__drooping_brome__Bromus_tectorum annual or winter annual grass with softly hairy leaves of the Mediterranean
subtype: field_brome__fieldbrome__Bromus_arvensis annual grass of Europe and temperate Asia
subtype: Japanese_brome__Japanese_chess__Bromus_japonicus grass of Mediterranean and temperate Asia
subtype: grama_grass__gramagras__grama__gramma__gramma_grass pasture grass of plains of South America and western North America
subtype: blue_grama__Bouteloua_gracilis of western North America
subtype: black_grama__Bouteloua_eriopoda especially of western coastal regions of North America
subtype: buffalo_grass__buffalogras__Buchloe_dactyloides short grass growing on dry plains of central United States (where buffalo roam)
subtype: reed_grass any of various tall perennial grasses of the genus Calamagrostis having feathery plumes; natives of marshland fens and wet woodlands of temperate northern hemisphere
subtype: feather_reed_grass__feathertop__Calamagrostis_acutiflora a variety of reed grass
subtype: Australian_reed_grass__Calamagrostic_quadriseta tall Australian reedlike grass sometimes used for hay
subtype: burgrass__bur_grass__burgras a grass of the genus Cenchrus
subtype: buffel_grass__Cenchrus_ciliaris__Pennisetum_cenchroides erect tussock-forming perennial bur grass used in especially in South Africa and Australia for pasture and forage
subtype: field_sandbur__fieldsandbur__sandbur__Cenchrus_tribuloides grass of the eastern United States and tropical America having spikelets enclosed in prickly burs
subtype: finger_grass any grass of the genus Chloris; occurs in short grassland especially on waste ground or poor soils
subtype: Rhodes_grass__Chloris_gayana perennial grass of South Africa introduced into United States; cultivated as forage grass in dry regions
subtype: creeping_windmill_grass__windmill_grass__star_grass__Chloris_truncata perennial Australian grass having numerous long spikes arranged like the vanes of a windmill
subtype: pampas_grass__Cortaderia_selloana tall perennial grass of pampas of South America having silvery plumes and growing in large dense clumps
subtype: plumed_tussock__toe_toe__toetoe__Cortaderia_richardii__Arundo_richardii tall grass of New Zealand grown for plumelike flower heads
subtype: Bermuda_grass__devil_grass__Bahama_grass__kweek__scutch_grass__star_grass__Cynodon_dactylon trailing grass native to Europe now cosmopolitan in warm regions; used for lawns and pastures especially in southern United States and India
subtype: giant_star_grass__Cynodon_plectostachyum perennial grass having stems 3 to 4 feet high; used especially in Africa and India for pasture and hay
subtype: orchard_grass__orchardgras__cocksfoot__cockspur__Dactylis_glomerata widely grown stout Old World hay and pasture grass
subtype: crabgrass__crabgras__crabgras__fingergras grasses with creeping stems that root freely; a pest in lawns
subtype: Egyptian_grass__crowfoot_grass__Dactyloctenium_aegypticum a creeping grass with spikes like fingers
subtype: smooth_crabgrass__Digitaria_ischaemum a weed
subtype: large_crabgrass__largecrabgras__hairy_finger_grass__Digitaria_sanguinalis a European forage grass grown for hay; a naturalized weed in United States
subtype: lyme_grass a grass of the genus Elymus
subtype: giant_ryegrass__Elymus_condensatus__Leymus_condensatus stout perennial grass of western North America
subtype: sea_lyme_grass__European_dune_grass__Elymus_arenarius__Leymus_arenaria a dune grass of the Pacific seacoast used as a sand binder
subtype: wild_rye any of several grasses of the genus Elymus
subtype: Canada_wild_rye__Elymus_canadensis North American wild rye
subtype: Elymus_caput-medusae__medusa's_head weedy rye grass having long bristling awns
subtype: love_grass__bay_grass__baygras any of various grasses of the genus Eragrostis; useful especially for forage and prevention of erosion
subtype: teff_grass__teff__Eragrostis_tef__Eragrostic_abyssinica an African grass economically important as a cereal grass (yielding white flower of good quality) as well as for forage and hay
subtype: weeping_love_grass__African_love_grass__Eragrostis_curvula perennial South African grass having densely clumped flimsy stems; introduced into United States especially for erosion control
subtype: plume_grass__plumegras a reedlike grass of the genus Erianthus having large plumes
subtype: Ravenna_grass__wool_grass__Erianthus_ravennae grass often cultivated for its long white-ribbed leaves and large plumes resembling those of pampas grass
subtype: meadow_fescue__fescue__fescue_grass__Festuca_elatior grass with wide flat leaves cultivated in Europe and America for permanent pasture and hay and for lawns
subtype: sheep_fescue__sheepfescue__sheep's_fescue__sheep'sfescue__Festuca_ovina cultivated for sheep pasturage in upland regions or used as a lawn grass
subtype: silver_grass of Australia and New Zealand
subtype: velvet_grass__Yorkshire_fog__Holcus_lanatus tall European perennial grass having a velvety stem; naturalized in United States and used for forage
subtype: creeping_soft_grass__Holcus_mollis European perennial grass with soft velvety foliage
subtype: rye_grass__ryegras__ryegrass any of several annual or perennial Eurasian grasses
subtype: perennial_ryegrass__English_ryegrass__Lolium_perenne European perennial grass widely cultivated for pasture and hay and as a lawn grass
subtype: Italian_ryegrass__Italian_rye__Lolium_multiflorum European grass much used for hay and in United States also for turf and green manure
subtype: bearded_darnel__beardeddarnel__darnel__tare__cheat__Lolium_temulentum weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous
subtype: nimblewill__nimble_Will__Muhlenbergia_schreberi slender branching American grass of some value for grazing in central United States
subtype: dallisgrass__dallisgras__dallisgras__Paspalum_dilatatum tall tufted perennial tropical American grass naturalized as pasture and forage grass in southern United States
subtype: Bahia_grass__Paspalum_notatum perennial tropical American grass used as pasture grass in arid areas of Gulf states
subtype: knotgrass__knotgras__paspalumdistichum low-growing weedy grass with spikelets along the leaf stems
subtype: fountain_grass__Pennisetum_ruppelii__Pennisetum_setaceum tall perennial ornamental grass with long nodding flower plumes of tropical Africa and Asia
subtype: feathertop_grass__feathertop__Pennistum_villosum northeastern tropical African plant having feathery panicles
subtype: reed_canary_grass__gardener's_garters__lady's_laces__ribbon_grass__Phalaris_arundinacea perennial grass of marshy meadows and ditches having broad leaves; Europe and North America
subtype: canary_grass__birdseed_grass__Phalaris_canariensis Canary Islands grass; seeds used as feed for caged birds
subtype: hardinggrass__Harding_grass__toowomba_canary_grass__Phalaris_aquatica__Phalaris_tuberosa perennial grass of Australia and South Africa; introduced in North America as forage grass
subtype: herd's_grass__timothy__Phleum_pratense grass with long cylindrical spikes frown in northern United States and Europe for hay
subtype: blue_grass__bluegrass__bluegras any of various grasses of the genus Poa
subtype: Kentucky_bluegrass__Kentucky_blue__Kentucy_blue_grass__June_grass__Poa_pratensis valuable meadow and pasture grass in Europe and especially central United States having tall stalks and slender bright green leaves; a chief constituent in lawn grass mixtures
subtype: meadowgrass__meadow_grass any of various grasses that thrive in the presence of abundant moisture
subtype: foxtail__foxtail_grass__foxtailgras grasses of the genera Alopecurus and Setaria having dense silky or bristly brushlike flowering spikes
subtype: meadow_foxtail__Alopecurus_pratensis stout erect perennial grass of northern parts of Old World having silky flowering spikes; widely cultivated for pasture and hay; naturalized in North America
subtype: bristlegrass__bristle_grass__bristlegras grasses of grasslands and woodlands having large gracefully arching spikes with long bristles beneath each spikelet
subtype: giant_foxtail__giantfoxtail two species of coarse annual foxtails that are naturalized weeds in United States
subtype: yellow_bristlegrass__yellow_bristle_grass__yellow_foxtail__glaucous_bristlegrass__Setaria_glauca common weedy and bristly grass found in nearly all temperate areas
subtype: green_bristlegrass__green_foxtail__greenfoxtail__rough_bristlegrass__bottlegrass__bottlegras__bottlegras__setariaviridi European foxtail naturalized in North America; often a troublesome weed
subtype: foxtail_millet__foxtailmillet__Italian_millet__Hungarian_grass__Setaria_italica coarse drought-resistant annual grass grown for grain, hay and forage in Europe and Asia and chiefly for forage and hay in United States
subtype: Siberian_millet__Setaria_italica_rubrofructa millet having orange to reddish grains in long bristly spikes
subtype: German_millet__golden_wonder_millet__Setaria_italica_stramineofructa millet having yellow grains in large drooping spikes
subtype: manna_grass__mannagras__sweet_grass__sweetgras any of several moisture-loving grasses of the genus Glyceria having sweet flavor or odor
subtype: reed_meadow_grass__Glyceria_grandis a pasture grass of moist places throughout North America
subtype: wood_meadowgrass__Poa_nemoralis__Agrostis_alba slender European grass of shady places; grown also in northeastern America and temperate Asia
subtype: munj__munja__Saccharum_bengalense__Saccharum_munja tough Asiatic grass whose culms are used for ropes and baskets
subtype: bluestem__blue_stem__Andropogon_furcatus__Andropogon_gerardii tall grass with smooth bluish leaf sheaths grown for hay in the United States
subtype: cordgrass__cordgras__cordgras any of several perennial grasses of the genus Spartina; some important as coastal soil binders
subtype: salt_reed_grass__Spartina_cynosuroides tall reedlike grass common in salt meadows
subtype: prairie_cordgrass__prairiecordgras__freshwater_cordgrass__slough_grass__Spartina_pectinmata North American cordgrass having leaves with dry membranous margins and glumes with long awns
subtype: dropseed a grass of the genus Sporobolus
subtype: smut_grass__blackseed__carpet_grass__Sporobolus_poiretii grass native to West Indies but common in southern United States having tufted wiry stems often infested with a dark fungus
subtype: sand_dropseed__Sporobolus_cryptandrus erect smooth grass of sandy places in eastern North America
subtype: rushgrass__rushgras grass having wiry stems and sheathed panicles
subtype: St._Augustine_grass__Stenotaphrum_secundatum__buffalo_grass__buffalogras low mat-forming grass of southern United States and tropical America; grown as a lawn grass
subtype: cereal_grass__cereal grass whose starchy grains are used as food: wheat; rice; rye; oats; maize; buckwheat; millet
subtype: oat annual grass of Europe and North Africa; grains used as food and fodder (referred to primarily in the plural: `oats')
subtype: cereal_oat__Avena_sativa widely cultivated in temperate regions for its edible grains
subtype: wild_oat_grass__wild_oat__Avena_fatua common in meadows and pastures
subtype: slender_wild_oat__Avena_barbata oat of southern Europe and southwestern Asia
subtype: wild_red_oat__animated_oat__Avene_sterilis Mediterranean oat held to be progenitor of modern cultivated oat
subtype: barley cultivated since prehistoric times; grown for forage and grain
subtype: common_barley__Hordeum_vulgare grass yielding grain used for for breakfast food, animal feed and in malt beverages
subtype: barley_grass__wall_barley__Hordeum_murinum European annual grass often found as a weed in waste ground especially along roadsides and hedgerows
subtype: squirreltail_barley__foxtail_barley__foxtailbarley__squirreltail_grass__Hordeum_jubatum barley grown for its highly ornamental flower heads with delicate long silky awns; North America and northeastern Asia
subtype: little_barley__Hordeum_pusillum annual barley native to western North America and widespread in southern United States and tropical America
subtype: rice.cereal_grass annual or perennial rhizomatous marsh grasses; seed used for food; straw used for paper
subtype: cultivated_rice__Oryza_sativa yields the staple food of 50 percent of world's population
subtype: ricegrass__ricegras__ricegras any grass of the genus Oryzopsis
subtype: mountain_rice__silkgrass__silkgras__silkgras__indianmillet__Oryzopsis_hymenoides valuable forage grass of dry upland areas and plains of western North America to northern Mexico
subtype: smilo_grass__smilogras__smilo__Oryzopsis_miliacea perennial mountain rice native to Mediterranean region and introduced into North America
subtype: pearl_millet__pearlmillet__bulrush_millet__bulrushmillet__cattail_millet__cattailmillet__Pennisetum_glaucum__Pennisetum_Americanum tall grass having cattail like spikes; grown in Africa and Asia for its grain and in the United States chiefly for forage; sometimes used in making beer
subtype: Secale_cereale__rye hardy annual cereal grass widely cultivated in northern Europe where its grain is the chief ingredient of black bread and in North America for forage and soil improvement
subtype: millet any of various small-grained annual cereal and forage grasses of the genera Panicum, Echinochloa, Setaria, Sorghum, and Eleusine
subtype: barnyard_grass__barn_grass__barn_millet__Echinochloa_crusgalli a coarse annual panic grass; a cosmopolitan weed; occasionally used for hay or grazing
subtype: Japanese_millet__billion-dollar_grass__Japanese_barnyard_millet__sanwa_millet__sanwamillet__Echinochloa_frumentacea coarse annual grass cultivated in Japan and southeastern Asia for its edible seeds and for forage; important wildlife food in United States
subtype: yardgrass__yardgras__yardgras__wiregras__goosegras__Eleusine_indica coarse annual grass having fingerlike spikes of flowers; native to Old World tropics; a naturalized weed elsewhere
subtype: finger_millet__ragi__ragee__African_millet__coracan__corakan__kurakkan__Eleusine_coracana East Indian cereal grass whose seed yield a somewhat bitter flour, a staple in the Orient
subtype: panic_grass__panicgras any grass of the genus Panicum; grown for grain and fodder
subtype: old_witchgrass__witchgrass__witch_grass__old_witch_grass__oldwitchgras__tumblegras__panicumcapillare North American grass with slender brushy panicles; often a weed on cultivated land
subtype: switch_grass__Panicum_virgatum grass of western America used for hay
subtype: broomcorn_millet__broomcornmillet__millet__hog_millet__hogmillet__Panicum_miliaceum extensively cultivated in Europe and Asia for its grain and in United States sometimes for forage
subtype: Texas_millet__goose_grass__goosegras__Panicum_Texanum annual weedy grass used for hay
subtype: sorghum economically important Old World tropical cereal grass
subtype: great_millet__greatmillet__kaffir__kafir_corn__kafircorn__kaffir_corn__Sorghum_bicolor important for human and animal food; growth habit and stem form similar to Indian corn but having sawtooth-edged leaves
subtype: grain_sorghum__grainsorghum any of several sorghums cultivated primarily for grain
subtype: durra__doura__dourah__Egyptian_corn__Indian_millet__Guinea_corn sorghums of dry regions of Asia and North Africa
subtype: feterita__federita__Sorghum_vulgare_caudatum a Sudanese sorghum having exceptionally large soft white grains
subtype: hegari Sudanese sorghums having white seeds; one variety grown in southwestern United States
subtype: kaoliang sorghums of China and Manchuria having small white or brown grains (used for food) and dry pithy stalks (used for fodder, fuel and thatching)
subtype: milo_maize__milo small drought-resistant sorghums having large yellow or whitish grains
subtype: shallu__Sorghum_vulgare_rosburghii sorghum having slender dry stalks and small hard grains; introduced into United States from India
subtype: sorgo__sorgho__sweet_sorghum__sweetsorghum__sugar_sorghum__sugarsorghum any of several sorghums cultivated as a source of syrup
subtype: Johnson_grass__Aleppa_grass__means_grass__meansgras__evergreen_millet__evergreenmillet__Sorghum_halepense__Sorghum_halapense tall perennial grass that spreads by creeping rhizomes and is grown for fodder; naturalized in southern United States where it is a serious pest on cultivated land
subtype: broomcorn__Sorghum_vulgare_technicum tall grasses grown for the elongated stiff-branched panicle used for brooms and brushes
subtype: wheat__corn annual or biennial grass having erect flower spikes and light brown grains
subtype: Triticum_durum__durum__durum_wheat__durumwheat__hard_wheat__Triticum_turgidum__maccaroni_wheat__maccaroniwheat wheat with hard dark-colored kernels high in gluten and used for bread and pasta; grown especially in southern Russia, North Africa, and northern central North America
subtype: soft_wheat wheat with soft starch kernels used in pastry and breakfast cereals
subtype: common_wheat__Triticum_aestivum widely cultivated in temperate regions in many varieties for its commercially important grain
subtype: spelt__Triticum_spelta__Triticum_aestivum_spelta hardy wheat grown mostly in Europe for livestock feed
subtype: emmer__starchwheat__two-grain_spelt__twograinspelt__Triticum_dicoccum hard red wheat grown especially in Russia and Germany; in United States as stock feed
subtype: wild_wheat__wild_emmer__Triticum_dicoccum_dicoccoides found wild in Palestine; held to be prototype of cultivated wheat
subtype: Indian_corn__corn__maize__Zea_mays tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times
subtype: field_corn__fieldcorn corn grown primarily for animal feed or market grain
subtype: dent_corn__Zea_mays_indentata corn whose kernels contain both hard and soft starch and become indented at maturity
subtype: flint_corn__flintcorn__flint_maize__flintmaize__Yankee_corn__Zea_mays_indurata corn having kernels with a hard outer layer enclosing the soft endosperm
subtype: soft_corn__flour_corn__flourcorn__squaw_corn__squawcorn__Zea_mays_amylacea corn having kernels almost entirely of soft starch
subtype: sweet_corn_plant__sweet_corn__sweetcorn__sugar_corn__sugarcorn__green_corn__greencorn__Zea_mays_rugosa__Zea_saccharata corn whose young ears are sweet and suitable for eating as a vegetable
subtype: Zea_mays_everta__popcorn corn having small ears and kernels that burst when exposed to dry heat
subtype: wild_rice__Zizania_aquatica perennial aquatic grass of North America bearing grain used for food
subtype: zoysia any of several creeping grasses of the genus Zoysia
subtype: Manila_grass__Japanese_carpet_grass__Zoysia_matrella lawn grass common in the Philippines; grown also in United States
subtype: Korean_lawn_grass__Japanese_lawn_grass__Zoysia_japonica lawn grass common in China and Japan; grown also in United States
subtype: mascarene_grass__mascarenegras__Korean_velvet_grass__Zoysia_tenuifolia Asiatic creeping perennial grass; introduced in southern United States as a drought-resistant lawn grass
subtype: Saccharum_officinarum__sugarcane__sugar_cane__sugarcane tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar
subtype: noble_cane__noblecane sugarcanes representing the highest development of the species; characterized by large juicy stalks with soft rinds and high sugar content
subtype: reed.gramineous_plant tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites
subtype: toetoe__toitoi__Arundo_conspicua__Chionochloa_conspicua used by Maoris for thatching
subtype: giant_reed__giantreed__Arundo_donax large rhizomatous perennial grasses found by riversides and in ditches having jointed stems and large gray-white feathery panicles
subtype: ditch_reed__ditchreed__common_reed__carrizo__Phragmites_communis tall North American reed having relative wide leaves and large plumelike panicles; widely distributed in moist areas; used for mats, screens and arrow shafts
subtype: bamboo woody tropical grass having hollow woody stems; mature canes used for construction and furniture
subtype: common_bamboo__Bambusa_vulgaris extremely vigorous bamboo having thin-walled culms striped green and yellow; so widely cultivated that native area is uncertain
subtype: giant_cane__giantcane__cane_reed__Arundinaria_gigantea tall grass of southern United States growing in thickets
subtype: small_cane__smallcane__switch_cane__Arundinaria_tecta small cane of watery or moist areas in southern United States
subtype: giant_bamboo__giantbamboo__kyo-chiku__kyochiku__Dendrocalamus_giganteus immense tropical southeast Asian bamboo with tough hollow culms that resemble tree trunks
subtype: fishpole_bamboo__gosan-chiku__gosanchiku__hotei-chiku__hoteichiku__Phyllostachys_aurea small bamboo of southeastern China having slender culms flexuous when young
subtype: black_bamboo__blackbamboo__kuri-chiku__Phyllostachys_nigra small bamboo having thin green culms turning shining black
subtype: giant_timber_bamboo__madake__ku-chiku__Phyllostachys_bambusoides large bamboo having thick-walled culms; native of China and perhaps Japan; widely brown elsewhere
subtype: herbage__pasturage succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land
subtype: bur_reed__burreed marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit
subtype: lobelia any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia
subtype: cardinal_flower__Indian_pink__Lobelia_cardinalis North American lobelia having brilliant red flowers
subtype: Indian_tobacco__bladderpod__Lobelia_inflata North American wild lobelia having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic
subtype: water_lobelia__waterlobelia__Lobelia_dortmanna erect perennial aquatic herb of Europe and North America having submerged spongy leaves and pendulous racemes of blue flowers above the water
subtype: great_lobelia__greatlobelia__blue_cardinal_flower__Lobelia_siphilitica tall erect and very leafy perennial herb of eastern North America having dense spikes of blue flowers
subtype: okra_plant__okra__gumbo__lady's-finger__Abelmoschus_esculentus__Hibiscus_esculentus tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus
subtype: vegetable any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower
subtype: common_beet__beet__Beta_vulgaris biennial Eurasian plant usually having a swollen edible root; widely cultivated as a food crop
subtype: beetroot__Beta_vulgaris_rubra beet having a massively swollen red root; widely grown for human consumption
subtype: chard_plant__chard__swisschard__spinach_beet__spinachbeet__leafbeet__Beta_vulgaris_cicla beet lacking swollen root; grown as a vegetable for its edible leaves and stalks
subtype: mangold-wurzel__mangoldwurzel__mangel-wurzel__mangold__betavulgarisvulgari beet with a large yellowish root; grown chiefly as cattle feed
subtype: sugar_beet.common_beet__sugarbeet form of the common beet having a sweet white root from which sugar is obtained
subtype: prickly-seeded_spinach__spinach__spinachplant__Spinacia_oleracea southwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves
subtype: artichoke_plant__artichokeplant__artichoke__globe_artichoke__globeartichoke__Cynara_scolymus Mediterranean thistlelike plant widely cultivated for its large edible flower head
subtype: Cynara_cardunculus__cardoon southern European plant having spiny leaves and purple flowers cultivated for its edible leafstalks and roots
subtype: simple (archaic) any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties
subtype: galax__galaxy__cold's_foot__wandflower__beetleweed__Galax_urceolata tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall
subtype: wintergreen__pyrola any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola
subtype: false_wintergreen__falsewintergreen__Pyrola_americana__Pyrola_rotundifolia_americana evergreen of eastern North America with leathery leaves and numerous white flowers
subtype: lesser_wintergreen__Pyrola_minor the common wintergreen having many-flowered racemes of pink-tinged white flowers; Europe and North America
subtype: shinleaf__wild_lily_of_the_valley__Pyrola_elliptica North American evergreen with small pinkish bell-shaped flowers and oblong leaves used formerly for shinplasters
subtype: wild_lily_of_the_valley__Pyrola_rotundifolia evergreen with rounded leaves and very fragrant creamy-white flowers; widely distributed in northern parts of Old and New Worlds
subtype: pipsissewa__prince's_pine any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila
subtype: love-in-winter__western_prince's_pine__Chimaphila_umbellata__Chimaphila_corymbosa Eurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb
subtype: one-flowered_wintergreen__one-flowered_pyrola__Moneses_uniflora__Pyrola_uniflora delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola
subtype: American_columbo__columbo__deer's-ear__deer's-ears__pyramid_plant__pyramidplant__American_gentian any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of the United States Pacific states
subtype: green_gentian__greengentian__Frasera_speciosa__Swertia_speciosa tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia
subtype: marsh_felwort__marshfelwort__Swertia_perennia perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers
subtype: bloodwort any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter
subtype: kangaroo_paw__kangaroo's-foot__kangaroo-foot_plant__Australian_sword_lily__Anigozanthus_manglesii sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia
subtype: willowherb a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs
subtype: fireweed__giant_willowherb__giantwillowherb__rosebay_willowherb__rosebaywillowherb__wickup__Epilobium_angustifolium tall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant
subtype: hairy_willowherb__hairywillowherb__codlins-and-cream__codlinsandcream__Epilobium_hirsutum plant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America
subtype: evening_primrose__eveningprimrose any of several plants of the family Onagraceae
subtype: enchanter's_nightshade__enchanter'snightshade any of several erect perennial rhizomatous herbs of the genus Circaea having white flowers that open at dawn; northern hemisphere
subtype: Alpine_enchanter's_nightshade__Circaea_alpina an Alpine variety of enchanter's nightshade
subtype: Circaea_lutetiana tall evening primrose with inconspicuous flowers
subtype: common_evening_primrose__German_rampion__Oenothera_biennis a coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe
subtype: sundrops__Oenothera_fruticosa a day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera
subtype: Missouri_primrose__Ozark_sundrops__Oenothera_macrocarpa evening-opening primrose of south central United States
subtype: canna any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers
subtype: canna_lily__cannalily__Canna_generalis plants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers
subtype: achira__indian_shot__arrowroot__cannaindica__cannaeduli canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained
subtype: maranta any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves
subtype: American_arrowroot__arrowroot__obedienceplant__Maranta_arundinaceae white-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch
subtype: banana_tree__banana any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits
subtype: dwarf_banana__dwarfbanana__Musa_acuminata low-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit
subtype: Japanese_banana__Musa_basjoo Asiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan
subtype: plantain_tree__plantain__Musa_paradisiaca a banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics
subtype: edible_banana__Musa_paradisiaca_sapientum widely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit
subtype: abaca__manilahemp__Musa_textilis Philippine banana tree having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc
subtype: Abyssinian_banana__Ethiopian_banana__Ensete_ventricosum__Musa_ensete large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa
subtype: Strelitzia_reginae__bird_of_paradise ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird
subtype: ginger perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems
subtype: common_ginger__Canton_ginger__stem_ginger__Zingiber_officinale tropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger
subtype: galangal__Alpinia_galanga southeastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots
subtype: lesser_galangal__Alpinia_officinarum__Alpinia_officinalis Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of rose-veined white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring
subtype: red_ginger__redginger__Alpinia_purpurata an ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands
subtype: shell_ginger__shellginger__shellflower__Alpinia_Zerumbet__Alpinia_speciosa__Languas_speciosa cultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with shell-pink shading and crinkled yellow lip with variegated magenta stripes
subtype: Curcuma_longa__turmeric__Curcuma_domestica widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye
subtype: grains_of_paradise__Guinea_grains__Guinea_pepper__melagueta_pepper__melaguetapepper__Aframomum_melegueta West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds
subtype: cardamom__cardamon__Elettaria_cardamomum rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning
subtype: reseda any plant of the genus Reseda
subtype: mignonette__sweet_reseda__sweetreseda__Reseda_odorata Mediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance
subtype: dyer's_rocket__dyer's_mignonette__weld__Reseda_luteola European mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America
subtype: viola any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola
subtype: violet any of numerous low-growing small-flowered violas
subtype: American_dog_violet__Viola_conspersa violet of eastern North America having pale violet to white flowers
subtype: sweet_white_violet__sweetwhiteviolet__white_violet__whiteviolet__woodland_white_violet__Viola_blanda short-stemmed violet of eastern North America having fragrant purple-veined white flowers
subtype: Canada_violet__tall_white_violet__white_violet__whiteviolet__Viola_canadensis tall North American perennial with heart-shaped leaves and purple-streaked white flowers
subtype: dog_violet__dogviolet__heath_violet__heathviolet__Viola_canina Old World leafy-stemmed blue-flowered violet
subtype: two-eyed_violet__heartsease__Viola_ocellata violet of Pacific coast of North America having white petals tinged with yellow and deep violet
subtype: sweet_violet__sweetviolet__garden_violet__English_violet__Viola_odorata European violet typically having purple to white flowers; widely naturalized
subtype: bird's-foot_violet__pansy_violet__pansyviolet__Johnny-jump-up__wood_violet__Viola_pedata common violet of the eastern United States with large pale blue or purple flowers resembling pansies
subtype: downy_yellow_violet__Viola_pubescens violet of eastern North America having softly pubescent leaves and stems and clear yellow flowers with brown-purple veins
subtype: long-spurred_violet__Viola_rostrata violet of eastern North America having lilac-purple flowers with a long slender spur
subtype: pale_violet__striped_violet__stripedviolet__cream_violet__creamviolet__violastriata leafy-stemmed violet of eastern North America having large white or creamy flowers faintly marked with purple
subtype: hedge_violet__hedgeviolet__wood_violet__Viola_sylvatica__Viola_reichenbachiana common European violet that grows in woods and hedgerows
subtype: field_pansy__fieldpansy__heartsease__Viola_arvensis common Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers
subtype: horned_violet__tufted_pansy__Viola_cornuta European viola with an unusually long corolla spur
subtype: Viola_tricolor_hortensis__pansy large-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors
subtype: wild_pansy__Johnny-jump-up__heartsease__love-in-idleness__pink_of_my_John__Viola_tricolor a common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived
subtype: false_nettle__falsenettle__bog_hemp__boghemp any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs
subtype: ramie__ramee__Chinese_silk_plant__China_grass__Boehmeria_nivea tall perennial herb of tropical Asia with dark green leaves; cultivated for the fiber from its woody stems that resembles flax
subtype: pellitory-of-the-wall__wall_pellitory__pellitory__Parietaria_difussa herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers
subtype: kniphofia__tritoma__flameflower a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers
subtype: poker_plant__Kniphofia_uvaria clump-forming plant of South Africa with spikes of scarlet flowers
subtype: red-hot_poker__redhotpoker__Kniphofia_praecox widely cultivated hybrid poker plant
subtype: edible_asparagus__asparagus__asparagu__Asparagus_officinales plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable
subtype: asparagus_fern__asparagusfern__Asparagus_setaceous__Asparagus_plumosus a fernlike plant native to South Africa
subtype: aspidistra__cast-iron_plant__bar-room_plant__Aspidistra_elatio evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant
subtype: climbing_onion__Bowiea_volubilis much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large above-ground bulbs
subtype: plantain_lily__day_lily__daylily any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover
subtype: herb_Paris__Paris_quadrifolia European herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous
subtype: pia__indianarrowroot__Tacca_leontopetaloides__Tacca_pinnatifida perennial herb of East India to Polynesia and Australia cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch
subtype: flax plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem
subtype: wild_senna__Senna_marilandica__Cassia_marilandica North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia
subtype: kidney_vetch__Anthyllis_vulneraria perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders
subtype: crotalaria__rattlebox any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops
subtype: American_rattlebox__Crotalaria_sagitallis tropical American annual herb having an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle
subtype: Indian_rattlebox__Crotalaria_spectabilis erect subshrub having purple-tinted flowers and an inflated pod in which the ripe seeds rattle; India
subtype: prairie_mimosa__prairiemimosa__prickle-weed__prickleweed__Desmanthus_ilinoensis perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers
subtype: goat_rue__goat's_rue__Galega_officinalis tall bushy European perennial grown for its masses of light-textured pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally
subtype: Glycyrrhiza_glabra__licorice__liquorice deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots
subtype: wild_licorice__wild_liquorice__American_licorice__American_liquorice__Glycyrrhiza_lepidota North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties
subtype: winged_pea__asparagus_pea__asparaguspea__Lotus_tetragonolobus sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod
subtype: medic__medick__trefoil any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves
subtype: moon_trefoil__Medicago_arborea evergreen shrub of southern European highlands having downy foliage and a succession of yellow flowers throughout the summer followed by curious snail-shaped pods
subtype: sickle_alfalfa__sickle_lucerne__sickle_medick__Medicago_falcata European medic naturalized in North America having yellow flowers and sickle-shaped pods
subtype: Calvary_clover__Medicago_intertexta__Medicago_echinus an annual of the Mediterranean area having spiny seed pods and leaves with dark spots
subtype: black_medick__blackmedick__hop_clover__hopclover__yellow_trefoil__nonesuch_clover__Medicago_lupulina prostrate European herb with small yellow flowers and curved black pods; naturalized in North America
subtype: lucerne__alfalfa__Medicago_sativa important European leguminous forage plant with trifoliate leaves and blue-violet flowers grown widely as a pasture and hay crop
subtype: sainfoin__sanfoin__holy_clover__esparcet__Onobrychis_viciifolia__Onobrychis_viciaefolia Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain
subtype: shamrock_pea__Parochetus_communis trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers
subtype: Indian_breadroot__breadroot__pomme_blanche__pommeblanche__pomme_de_prairie__Psoralea_esculenta densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots
subtype: bush_pea any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers
subtype: false_lupine__falselupine__golden_pea__yellow_pea__Thermopsis_macrophylla western United States bushy herb having yellow pealike flowers
subtype: Carolina_lupine__Thermopsis_villosa eastern United States bush pea
subtype: bird's_foot_trefoil__Trigonella_ornithopodioides Old World herb related to fenugreek
subtype: fenugreek__Greek_clover__Trigonella_foenumgraecum annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry
subtype: plantain any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally
subtype: English_plantain__narrow-leaved_plantain__ribgrass__ribwort__ripple-grass__buckthorn__Plantago_lanceolata an Old World plantain with long narrow ribbed leaves widely established in temperate regions
subtype: broad-leaved_plantain__common_plantain__white-man's_foot__whiteman'sfoot__whiteman's_foot__cart-track_plant__Plantago_major common European perennial naturalized worldwide; a troublesome weed
subtype: Plantago_media__hoary_plantain__hoaryplantain widely distributed Old World perennial naturalized in North America having finely hairy leaves and inconspicuous white fragrant flowers
subtype: fleawort__psyllium__Spanish_psyllium__Plantago_psyllium plantain of Mediterranean regions whose seeds swell and become gelatinous when moist and are used as a mild laxative
subtype: rugel's_plantain__rugel'splantain__broad-leaved_plantain__Plantago_rugelii North American plantain having reddish leafstalks and broad leaves
subtype: hoary_plantain__hoaryplantain__Plantago_virginica North American annual or biennial with long soft hairs on the leaves
subtype: Polygonum_fagopyrum__buckwheat__Fagopyrum_esculentum or member of genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour
subtype: rhubarb_plant__rhubarbplant__rhubarb plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous
subtype: Himalayan_rhubarb__Indian_rhubarb__red-veined_pie_plant__Rheum_australe__Rheum_emodi Asian herb (Himalayas)
subtype: pie_plant__pieplant__garden_rhubarb__Rheum_cultorum__Rheum_rhabarbarum__Rheum_rhaponticum long-cultivated hybrid of Rheum palmatum; stems often cooked in pies or as sauce or preserves
subtype: Chinese_rhubarb__Rheum_palmatum long used for laxative properties
subtype: sour_grass__dock__sorrel any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine
subtype: sour_dock__garden_sorrel__Rumex_acetosa European sorrel with large slightly acidic sagittate leaves grown throughout north temperate zone for salad and spring greens
subtype: sheep_sorrel__sheepsorrel__sheep's_sorrel__sheep'ssorrel__Rumex_acetosella small plant having pleasantly acid-tasting arrow-shaped leaves; common in dry places
subtype: bitter_dock__broad-leaved_dock__yellow_dock__Rumex_obtusifolius European dock with broad obtuse leaves and bitter rootstock common as a weed in North America
subtype: garden_sorrel__French_sorrel__Rumex_scutatus low perennial with small silvery-green ovate to hastate leaves
subtype: spiderwort__dayflower any plant of the family Commelinaceae
subtype: St.-Bruno's-lily__Paradisea_liliastrum a variety of spiderwort
subtype: pineapple_plant__pineappleplant__pineapple__Ananas_comosus a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics
subtype: agrimonia__agrimony a plant of the genus Agrimony having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers
subtype: harvest-lice__harvestlice__Agrimonia_eupatoria erect perennial Old World herb of dry grassy habitats
subtype: fragrant_agrimony__Agrimonia_procera fragrant European perennial herb found at woodland margins on moist soils
subtype: strawberry any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry
subtype: garden_strawberry__cultivated_strawberry__Fragaria_ananassa widely cultivated
subtype: wild_strawberry__wood_strawberry__Fragaria_vesca Europe
subtype: beach_strawberry__beachstrawberry__Chilean_strawberry__Fragaria_chiloensis wild strawberry of western United States and South America; source of many varieties of cultivated strawberries
subtype: Virginia_strawberry__scarlet_strawberry__scarletstrawberry__Fragaria_virginiana North American wild strawberry with sweet scarlet fruit; a source of many cultivated strawberries
subtype: burnet_bloodwort__salad_burnet__saladburnet__Poterium_sanguisorba European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads
subtype: bedstraw any of several plants of the genus Galium
subtype: fragrant_bedstraw__sweet_woodruff__sweetwoodruff__waldmeister__woodruff__Galium_odoratum__Asperula_odorata Old World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula
subtype: Northern_bedstraw__Northern_snow_bedstraw__Galium_boreale North American stoloniferous perennial having white flowers; sometimes used as an ornamental
subtype: yellow_bedstraw__yellow_cleavers__Our_Lady's_bedstraw__Galium_verum common yellow-flowered perennial bedstraw; North America and Europe and Asia
subtype: Galium_lanceolatum__wild_licorice bedstraw with sweetish roots
subtype: spring_cleavers__cleavers__clivers__cliver__goose_grass__goosegras__catchweed__Galium_aparine annual having the stem beset with curved prickles; North America and Europe and Asia
subtype: wild_madder__white_madder__whitemadder__white_bedstraw__whitebedstraw__infant's-breath__false_baby's_breath__Galium_mollugo Eurasian herb with ample panicles of small white flowers; naturalized in North America
subtype: feverroot__horse_gentian__horsegentian__tinker's_root__wild_coffee__Triostium_perfoliatum coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers
subtype: teasel__teazel__teasle any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts
subtype: common_teasel__Dipsacus_fullonum teasel with lilac flowers native to Old World but naturalized in North America; dried flower heads used to raise a nap on woolen cloth
subtype: fuller's_teasel__Dipsacus_sativus similar to the common teasel and similarly used; widespread in Europe and North Africa and western Asia; naturalized in United States
subtype: wild_teasel__Dipsacus_sylvestris European teasel with white to pink flowers; naturalized in United States
subtype: jewelweed__lady's_earrings__orange_balsam__celandine__touchmenot__Impatiens_capensis North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil
subtype: geranium any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae
subtype: cranesbill__crane's_bill__crane'sbill any of numerous geraniums of the genus Geranium
subtype: wild_geranium__spotted_cranesbill__spottedcranesbill__Geranium_maculatum common wild geranium of eastern North America with deeply parted leaves and rose-purple flowers
subtype: meadow_cranesbill__Geranium_pratense tall perennial cranesbill with paired violet-blue axillary flowers; native to northern parts of Old World and naturalized in North America
subtype: Richardson's_geranium__Geranium_richardsonii geranium of western North America having branched clusters of white or pale pink flowers
subtype: herb_robert__herbs_robert__herbsrobert__herb_roberts__Geranium_robertianum a sticky low herb with small reddish-purple flowers; widespread in the northern hemisphere
subtype: sticky_geranium__Geranium_viscosissimum geranium of western North America having pinkish-purple flowers in open clusters
subtype: dove's_foot_geranium__Geranium_molle western geranium with small pink flowers; a common weed on lawns and in vacant lots
subtype: rose_geranium__sweet-scented_geranium__sweetscentedgeranium__Pelargonium_graveolens any of several southern African geraniums having fragrant 3- to 5-lobed leaves and pink flowers
subtype: fish_geranium__bedding_geranium__beddinggeranium__zonal_pelargonium__zonalpelargonium__Pelargonium_hortorum an upright geranium having scalloped leaves with a broad color zone inside the margin and white or pink or red flowers
subtype: ivy_geranium__ivygeranium__ivy-leaved_geranium__hanging_geranium__hanginggeranium__Pelargonium_peltatum a commonly cultivated trailing South American plant with peltate leaves and rosy flowers
subtype: apple_geranium__applegeranium__nutmet_geranium__Pelargonium_odoratissimum geranium with round fragrant leaves and small white flowers
subtype: lemon_geranium__lemongeranium__Pelargonium_limoneum a common garden geranium with lemon-scented foliage
subtype: storksbill__heron's_bill__heron'sbill any of various plants of the genus Erodium
subtype: redstem_storksbill__redstemstorksbill__alfilaria__alfileria__filaree__clocks__pin_grass__pingras__pin_clover__pinclover__Erodium_cicutarium European weed naturalized in southwestern United States and Mexico having reddish decumbent stems with small fernlike leaves and small deep reddish-lavender flowers followed by slender fruits that stick straight up; often grown for forage
subtype: musk_clover__muskus_grass__white-stemmed_filaree__whitestemmedfilaree__Erodium_moschatum low annual European herb naturalized in America; similar to alfilaria
subtype: Texas_storksbill__Erodium_texanum of prairies and desert areas of southwestern United States and Mexico
subtype: oxalis__sorrel__wood_sorrel any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis
subtype: common_wood_sorrel__cuckoo_bread__shamrock__Oxalis_acetosella Eurasian plant with heart-shaped trifoliate leaves and white pink- or purple-veined flowers
subtype: Bermuda_buttercup__English-weed__Oxalis_pes-caprae__Oxalis_cernua South African bulbous wood sorrel with showy yellow flowers
subtype: creeping_oxalis__creeping_wood_sorrel__Oxalis_corniculata creeping much-branched mat-forming weed; cosmopolitan
subtype: goatsfoot__goat's_foot__Oxalis_caprina short-stemmed South African plant with bluish flowers
subtype: violet_wood_sorrel__Oxalis_violacea perennial herb of eastern North America with palmately compound leaves and usually rose-purple flowers
subtype: oca__oka__Oxalis_tuberosa__Oxalis_crenata South American wood sorrel cultivated for its edible tubers
subtype: herb_of_grace__rue__rutagraveolen European strong-scented perennial herb with gray-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy
subtype: fraxinella__dittany__burning_bush__burningbush__gas_plant__gasplant__Dictamnus_alba Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather
subtype: nasturtium any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers
subtype: garden_nasturtium__Indian_cress__Tropaeolum_majus strong-growing annual climber having large flowers of all shades of orange from orange-red to yellowish orange and seeds that are pickled and used like capers
subtype: bush_nasturtium__Tropaeolum_minus annual with deep yellow flowers smaller than the common garden nasturtium
subtype: canarybird_flower__canarybird_vine__canary_creeper__Tropaeolum_peregrinum a climber having canary-colored flowers
subtype: carnivorous_plant__carnivorousplant plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals
subtype: pitcher_plant__pitcherplant any of several insectivorous herbs of the order Sarraceniales
subtype: common_pitcher_plant__huntsman's_cup__huntsman's_cups__Sarracenia_purpurea perennial bog herb having dark red flowers and decumbent broadly winged pitchers forming a rosette; of northeastern North America and naturalized in Europe especially Ireland
subtype: hooded_pitcher_plant__Sarracenia_minor yellow-flowered pitcher plant of southeastern United States having trumpet-shaped leaves with the orifice covered with an arched hood
subtype: huntsman's_horn__huntsman's_horns__yellow_trumpet__yellow_pitcher_plant__trumpets__Sarracenia_flava pitcher plant of southeastern United States having erect wide-mouth yellow trumpet-shaped pitchers with erect lids
subtype: California_pitcher_plant__Darlingtonia_californica marsh or bog herb having solitary pendulous yellow-green flowers and somewhat twisted pitchers with broad wings below
subtype: sun_pitcher__sunpitcher any of several herbs of Guiana highlands having racemes of nodding white or pink flowers; trap and digest insects in pitcher-shaped leaves with spoon-shaped caps
subtype: tropical_pitcher_plant any of several tropical carnivorous shrubs or woody herbs of the genus Nepenthes
subtype: sundew_plant__sundew__daily_dew__dailydew any of various bog plants of the genus Drosera having leaves covered with sticky hairs that trap and digest insects; cosmopolitan in distribution
subtype: Venus's_flytrap__Venus's_flytraps__Dionaea_muscipula carnivorous plant of coastal plains of the Carolinas having sensitive hinged marginally bristled leaf blades that close and entrap insects
subtype: waterwheel_plant__Aldrovanda_vesiculosa floating aquatic carnivorous perennial of central and southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia having whorls of 6 to 9 leaves ending in hinged lobes for capturing e.g. water fleas
subtype: Drosophyllum_lusitanicum perennial of dry habitats whose leaves have glandular hairs that secrete adhesive and digestive fluid for capture and digestion of insects; Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco
subtype: roridula either of 2 species of the genus Roridula; South African viscid perennial low-growing woody shrubs
subtype: bladderwort any of numerous aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia some of whose leaves are modified as small urn-shaped bladders that trap minute aquatic animals
subtype: butterwort any of numerous carnivorous bog plants of the genus Pinguicula having showy purple or yellow or white flowers and a rosette of basal leaves coated with a sticky secretion to trap small insects
subtype: genlisea rootless carnivorous swamp plants having at the base of the stem a rosette of foliage and trap-leaves consisting of slender tubes swollen in the middle; each tube passes into two long spirally twisted arms with stiff hairs
subtype: Australian_pitcher_plant__Cephalotus_follicularis carnivorous perennial herb having a red-brown-marked green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia
subtype: sedum any of various plants of the genus Sedum
subtype: stonecrop any of various northern temperate plants of the genus Sedum having fleshy leaves and red or yellow or white flowers
subtype: wall_pepper__Sedum_acre mossy European creeping sedum with yellow flowers; widely introduced as a ground cover
subtype: rose-root__midsummer-men__midsummermen__Sedum_rosea Eurasian mountain plant with fleshy pink-tipped leaves and a cluster of yellow flowers
subtype: orpine__orpin__livelong__live-forever__Sedum_telephium perennial northern temperate plant with toothed leaves and heads of small purplish-white flowers
subtype: saxifrage__breakstone__rockfoil any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga
subtype: yellow_mountain_saxifrage__Saxifraga_aizoides tufted evergreen perennial having ciliate leaves and yellow corymbose flowers often spotted orange
subtype: meadow_saxifrage__fair-maids-of-France__Saxifraga_granulata rosette-forming perennial having compact panicles of white flowers; Europe
subtype: mossy_saxifrage__mossysaxifrage__Saxifraga_hypnoides tufted or mat-forming perennial of mountains of Europe; cultivated for its white flowers
subtype: western_saxifrage__westernsaxifrage__Saxifraga_occidentalis saxifrage having loose clusters of white flowers on hairy stems growing from a cluster of basal leaves; moist slopes of western North America
subtype: purple_saxifrage__Saxifraga_oppositifolia plants forming dense cushions with bright reddish-lavender flowers; rocky areas of Europe and Asia and western North America
subtype: star_saxifrage__starry_saxifrage__Saxifraga_stellaris small often mat-forming alpine plant having small starlike white flowers; Europe
subtype: strawberry_geranium__strawberry_saxifrage__mother-of-thousands__Saxifraga_stolonifera__Saxifraga_sarmentosam eastern Asiatic saxifrage with racemes of small red-and-white flowers; spreads by numerous creeping stolons
subtype: astilbe any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers
subtype: false_goatsbeard__falsegoatsbeard__Astilbe_biternata North American astilbe with panicles of creamy white flowers
subtype: dwarf_astilbe__dwarfastilbe__Astilbe_chinensis_pumila mat-forming evergreen Asiatic plant with finely cut leaves and small pink to burgundy flowers; grown as ground cover
subtype: Astilbe_japonica__spirea__spiraea a Japanese shrub that resembles members of the genus Spiraea; widely cultivated in many varieties for its dense panicles of flowers in many colors; often forced by florists for Easter blooming
subtype: bergenia any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms
subtype: umbrella_plant__Indian_rhubarb__Darmera_peltata__Peltiphyllum_peltatum rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the California Sierra Nevada
subtype: alumroot__alumbloom any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera
subtype: rock_geranium__Heuchera_americana plant with basal leaves mottled with white and flowers in lax panicles on erect stems
subtype: poker_alumroot__pokeralumroot__poker_heuchera__pokerheuchera__Heuchera_cylindrica plant with leathery heart-shaped leaf blades clustered at base of long stalks with greenish-white flowers clustered along the upper part; western North America
subtype: coralbells__Heuchera_sanguinea perennial plant of the western United States having bright red flowers in feathery spikes; used as an ornamental
subtype: miterwort__mitrewort__bishop's_cap any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter
subtype: fairy_cup__fairycup__Mitella_diphylla miterwort of northeastern North America usually with two opposite leaves on erect flowering stems that terminate in erect racemes of white flowers
subtype: five-point_bishop's_cap__Mitella_pentandra small plant with leaves in a basal cluster and tiny greenish flowers in slender racemes; northwestern North America to California and Colorado
subtype: suksdorfia any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles
subtype: violet_suksdorfia__Suksdorfia_violaceae slender delicate plant with wide roundish deeply lobed leaves and deep pink to violet funnel-shaped flowers; British Columbia to northern Oregon and west to Idaho and Montana
subtype: foamflower__coolwart__false_miterwort__falsemiterwort__false_mitrewort__falsemitrewort__Tiarella_cordifolia stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant
subtype: pickaback_plant__pickabackplant__piggyback_plant__piggybackplant__youth-on-age__Tolmiea_menziesii vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk
subtype: polemonium any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to arctic regions
subtype: Jacob's_ladder__Greek_valerian__charity__Polemonium_caeruleum__Polemonium_van-bruntiae__Polymonium_caeruleum_van-bruntiae pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers
subtype: Greek_valerian__Polemonium_reptans erect or spreading perennial of the eastern United States
subtype: northern_Jacob's_ladder__Polemonium_boreale perennial erect herb with white flowers; circumboreal
subtype: skunkweed__polemoniumviscosum tall sticky-leaved herb of the Rocky Mountains having an offensive smell
subtype: phlox any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers
subtype: chickweed_phlox__chickweedphlox__sand_phlox__Phlox_bifida__Phlox_stellaria low mat-forming herb of rocky places in United States
subtype: moss_pink__mountain_phlox__moss_phlox__dwarf_phlox__dwarfphlox__Phlox_subulata low tufted perennial phlox with needlelike evergreen leaves and pink or white flowers; native to United States and widely cultivated as a ground cover
subtype: ground_pink__fringed_pink__fringedpink__mosspink__Linanthus_dianthiflorus low wiry-stemmed branching herb or southern California having fringed pink flowers
subtype: evening-snow__eveningsnow__linanthusdichotomu small California annual with white flowers
subtype: acanthus any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated
subtype: bear's_breech__bear's_breeches__sea_holly__seaholly__Acanthus_mollis widely cultivated southern European acanthus with whitish purple-veined flowers
subtype: tailwort__borage__Borago_officinalis hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach
subtype: common_amsinckia__Amsinckia_intermedia annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers
subtype: large-flowered_fiddleneck__Amsinckia_grandiflora annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species
subtype: anchusa any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers
subtype: bugloss__alkanet__anchusaofficinali perennial or biennial herb cultivated for its delicate usually blue flowers
subtype: Anchusa_capensis__cape_forget-me-not anchusa of southern Africa having blue flowers with white throats
subtype: cape_forget-me-not__Anchusa_riparia anchusa of southern Africa having blue to red-purple flowers
subtype: Chinese_forget-me-not__Cynoglossum_amabile biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers
subtype: Cynoglossum_officinale__hound's-tongue__hound'stongue biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers
subtype: hound's-tongue__hound'stongue__Cynoglossum_virginaticum perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers
subtype: blueweed__blue_devil__blue_thistle__viper's_bugloss__viper'sbuglos__Echium_vulgare a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States
subtype: stickweed any of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing
subtype: beggar's_lice__beggar_lice Eurasian and North American plants having small prickly nutlets that stick to clothing
subtype: gromwell__Lithospermum_officinale European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands
subtype: puccoon__Lithospermum_caroliniense perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment
subtype: hoary_puccoon__hoarypuccoon__paint_Indian__Lithospermum_canescens perennial North American plant with grayish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment
subtype: Virginia_bluebell__Virginia_cowslip__Mertensia_virginica smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud
subtype: garden_forget-me-not__Myosotis_sylvatica small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers
subtype: forget-me-not__mouse_ear__mouseear__Myosotis_scorpiodes__myosotisscorpiode small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers
subtype: false_gromwell__falsegromwell any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers
subtype: comfrey perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas
subtype: common_comfrey__boneset__Symphytum_officinale European herb having small white, pink or purple flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America
subtype: gesneria any plant of the genus Gesneria
subtype: waterleaf any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum
subtype: Virginia_waterleaf__Shawnee_salad__shawny__Indian_salad__John's_cabbage__Hydrophyllum_virginianum showy perennial herb with white flowers; leaves sometimes used as edible greens in southeastern United States
subtype: California_yellow_bells__yellow_bells__whispering_bells__Emmanthe_penduliflora viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers
subtype: nemophila any plant of the genus Nemophila
subtype: Nemophila_maculata__five-spot California annual having white flowers with a deep purple blotch on each petal
subtype: baby_blue-eyes__Nemophila_menziesii delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots
subtype: fiesta_flower__Pholistoma_auritum__Nemophila_aurita straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila
subtype: basil_thyme__basil_balm__basilbalm__mother_of_thyme__Acinos_arvensis__Satureja_acinos fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America
subtype: giant_hyssop__gianthyssop any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache
subtype: yellow_giant_hyssop__Agastache_nepetoides erect perennial with stout stems and yellow-green flowers; southern Canada and southeastern United States
subtype: anise_hyssop__anisehyssop__Agastache_foeniculum much-branched North American herb with an odor like fennel
subtype: Mexican_hyssop__Agastache_mexicana erect perennial of Mexico having rose to crimson flowers
subtype: bugleweed__bugle any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover
subtype: creeping_bugle__Ajuga_reptans low rhizomatous European carpeting plant having spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in parts of United States
subtype: erect_bugle__erectbugle__blue_bugle__Ajuga_genevensis upright rhizomatous perennial with bright blue flowers; southern Europe
subtype: pyramid_bugle__pyramidbugle__Ajuga_pyramidalis European evergreen carpeting perennial
subtype: yellow_bugle__ground_pine__Ajuga_chamaepitys low-growing annual with yellow flowers dotted red; faintly aromatic of pine resin; Europe, British Isles and North Africa
subtype: black_horehound__blackhorehound__black_archangel__blackarchangel__fetid_horehound__fetidhorehound__stinking_horehound__Ballota_nigra ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers
subtype: wood_mint American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers
subtype: hairy_wood_mint__Blephilia_hirsuta a variety of wood mint
subtype: downy_wood_mint__Blephilia_celiata a variety of wood mint
subtype: calamint perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America
subtype: common_calamint__Calamintha_sylvatica__Satureja_calamintha_officinalis mint-scented perennial of central and southern Europe
subtype: large-flowered_calamint__Calamintha_grandiflora__Clinopodium_grandiflorum__Satureja_grandiflora aromatic herb with large pink flowers; southern and southeastern Europe; Anatolia; northern Iran
subtype: lesser_calamint__field_balm__fieldbalm__calaminthanepeta__Calamintha_nepeta_glantulosa__Satureja_nepeta__Satureja_calamintha_glandulosa low-growing strongly aromatic perennial herb of southern Europe to GB naturalized in United States
subtype: wild_basil__cushion_calamint__cushioncalamint__Clinopodium_vulgare__Satureja_vulgaris aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia
subtype: horse_balm__horsebalm__horseweed__stoneroot__richweed__stone_root__stoneroot__Collinsonia_canadensis erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States
subtype: coleus__flame_nettle__flamenettle any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers
subtype: country_borage__countryborage__Coleus_aromaticus__Coleus_amboinicus__Plectranthus_amboinicus an aromatic fleshy herb of India and Ceylon to South Africa; sometimes placed in genus Plectranthus
subtype: painted_nettle__paintednettle__Joseph's_coat__Coleus_blumei__Solenostemon_blumei__Solenostemon_scutellarioides perennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves and spikes of blue-violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Solenostemon
subtype: dragonhead__dragon's_head__Dracocephalum_parviflorum American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of double-lipped blue to violet flowers
subtype: elsholtzia any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes
subtype: hemp_nettle__dead_nettle__Galeopsis_tetrahit coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States
subtype: American_pennyroyal__pennyroyal__Hedeoma_pulegioides erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine
subtype: Hyssopus_officinalis__hyssop a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil
subtype: dead_nettle any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips
subtype: white_dead_nettle__Lamium_album European dead nettle with white flowers
subtype: henbit__Lamium_amplexicaule Eurasian plant having toothed leaves and small two-lipped white or purplish-red flowers
subtype: wilde_dagga__dagga__capedagga__red_dagga__reddagga__Leonotis_leonurus relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco
subtype: lion's-ear__Leonotis_nepetaefolia__Leonotis_nepetifolia pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States
subtype: motherwort__Leonurus_cardiaca bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers
subtype: Lycopus_virginicus__bugleweed a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States
subtype: water_horehound__waterhorehound__Lycopus_americanus aromatic perennial herb of United States
subtype: gipsywort__gypsywort__Lycopus_europaeus hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers
subtype: origanum any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings
subtype: pot_marjoram__potmarjoram__oregano__wild_marjoram__winter_sweet__Origanum_vulgare aromatic Eurasian perennial
subtype: sweet_marjoram__sweetmarjoram__knotted_marjoram__knottedmarjoram__Origanum_majorana__Majorana_hortensis aromatic European plant native to Mediterranean and Turkey; not widespread in Europe
subtype: dittany_of_crete__cretan_dittany__crete_dittany__cretedittany__hop_marjoram__hopmarjoram__winter_sweet__Origanum_dictamnus dwarf aromatic shrub of Crete
subtype: horehound.herbaceous_plant any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium
subtype: common_horehound__white_horehound__whitehorehound__Marrubium_vulgare European aromatic herb with hairy leaves and numerous white flowers in axillary cymes; leaves yield a bitter extract use medicinally and as flavoring
subtype: garden_balm__lemon_balm__lemonbalm__sweet_balm__sweetbalm__bee_balm__beebalm__Melissa_officinalis bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America
subtype: mint any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers
subtype: corn_mint__field_mint__fieldmint__Mentha_arvensis European mint naturalized in United States
subtype: watermint__water_mint__watermint__Mentha_aquatica a European mint that thrives in wet places; has a perfume like that of the bergamot orange; naturalized in eastern North America
subtype: lemon_mint__lemonmint__bergamotmint__eau_de_cologne_mint__Mentha_citrata mint with leaves having perfume like that of the bergamot orange
subtype: Mentha_longifolia__horsemint a coarse Old World wild water mint having long leaves and spikelike clusters of flowers; naturalized in the eastern United States
subtype: Mentha_piperita__peppermint herb with downy leaves and small purple or white flowers that yields a pungent oil used as a flavoring
subtype: spearmint__Mentha_spicata common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring
subtype: apple_mint__applemint__Mentha_rotundifolia__Mentha_suaveolens mint with apple-scented stems of southern and western Europe; naturalized in United States
subtype: pennyroyal__Mentha_pulegium Eurasian perennial mint have small lilac-blue flowers and ovate leaves; yields an aromatic oil
subtype: yerba_buena__yerbabuena__Micromeria_chamissonis__Micromeria_douglasii__Satureja_douglasii trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally
subtype: Micromeria_juliana__savory dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions
subtype: molucca_balm__moluccabalm__bells_of_Ireland__Molucella_laevis aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer- or bell-shaped calyx
subtype: monarda__wild_bergamot any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda
subtype: bergamot_mint__bee_balm__beebalm__beebalm__oswego_tea__Monarda_didyma perennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy heads
subtype: Monarda_punctata__horsemint tall erect perennial or annual having lanceolate leaves and heads of purple-spotted creamy flowers; many subspecies grown from eastern to southwestern United States and in Mexico
subtype: bee_balm__beebalm__beebalm__Monarda_fistulosa perennial herb of North America
subtype: horsemint__lemon_mint__lemonmint__monardacitriodora an annual horsemint of central and western United States and northern Mexico
subtype: plains_lemon_monarda__Monarda_pectinata annual of southern United States
subtype: basil_balm__basilbalm__Monarda_clinopodia perennial herb of North America (New York to Illinois and mountains of Alaska) having aromatic leaves and clusters of yellowish-pink balls
subtype: mustang_mint__mustangmint__Monardella_lanceolata fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers
subtype: catmint__catnip__Nepeta_cataria hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats
subtype: basil any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum
subtype: common_basil__sweet_basil__Ocimum_basilicum annual or perennial of tropical Asia having spikes of small white flowers and aromatic leave; one of the most important culinary herbs; used in salads, casseroles, sauces and some liqueurs
subtype: beefsteak_plant__beefsteakplant__Perilla_frutescens_crispa plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage
subtype: physostegia any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers
subtype: false_dragonhead__falsedragonhead__false_dragon_head__obedient_plant__Physostegia_virginiana North American plant having a spike of two-lipped pink or white flowers
subtype: self-heal__heal_all__Prunella_vulgaris decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America
subtype: mountain_mint any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California
subtype: basil_mint__basilmint__Pycnanthemum_virginianum perennial herb of the eastern United States having inconspicuous greenish flowers and narrow leaves that are very aromatic when bruised
subtype: Rosmarinus_officinalis__rosemary widely cultivated for its fragrant gray-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery
subtype: salvia__sage any of various plants of the genus Salvia; cosmopolitan
subtype: Salvia_azurea__blue_sage blue-flowered sage of dry prairies of the eastern United States
subtype: Salvia_clarea__clary_sage__clarysage stout Mediterranean sage with white or pink or violet flowers; yields oil used as a flavoring and in perfumery
subtype: mealy_sage__mealysage__blue_sage__Salvia_farinacea Texas sage having intensely blue flowers
subtype: blue_sage__Salvia_reflexa__Salvia_lancifolia sage of western North America to Central America having violet-blue flowers; widespread in cultivation
subtype: purple_sage__chaparral_sage__chaparralsage__Salvia_leucophylla silvery-leaved California herb with purple flowers
subtype: cancerweed__cancer_weed__Salvia_lyrata sage of eastern United States
subtype: common_sage__ramona__Salvia_officinalis shrubby plant with aromatic grayish-green leaves used as a cooking herb
subtype: meadow_clary__Salvia_pratensis tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands
subtype: clary__salviasclarea aromatic herb of southern Europe; cultivated in England as a potherb and widely as an ornamental
subtype: pitcher_sage__pitchersage__salviaspathacea California erect and sparsely branched perennial
subtype: wild_sage__wild_clary__vervain_sage__vervainsage__Salvia_verbenaca Eurasian sage with blue flowers and foliage like verbena; naturalized in United States
subtype: savory any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees
subtype: summer_savory__Satureja_hortensis__Satureia_hortensis erect annual herb with oval leaves and pink flowers; used to flavor e.g. meats or soups or salads; southeastern Europe and naturalized elsewhere
subtype: winter_savory__Satureja_montana__Satureia_montana erect perennial subshrub having pink or white flowers and leathery leaves with a flavor of thyme; southern Europe
subtype: blue_pimpernel__blue_skullcap__mad-dog_skullcap__maddogskullcap__mad-dog_weed__maddogweed__Scutellaria_lateriflora an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic
subtype: hedge_nettle__hedgenettle__dead_nettle__Stachys_sylvatica foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome
subtype: Stachys_palustris__hedge_nettle__hedgenettle perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere
subtype: thyme.herbaceous_plant any of various mints of the genus Thymus
subtype: common_thyme__Thymus_vulgaris common aromatic garden perennial native to the western Mediterranean; used in seasonings and formerly as medicine
subtype: wild_thyme__creeping_thyme__Thymus_serpyllum aromatic dwarf shrub common on banks and hillsides in Europe; naturalized in United States
subtype: martynia__Martynia_annua sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit
subtype: sesame__benne__benni__benny__Sesamum_indicum East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil
subtype: common_unicorn_plant__devil's_claw__devil'sclaw__common_devil's_claw__elephant-tusk__proboscis_flower__proboscisflower__ram's_horn__ram'shorn__Proboscidea_louisianica annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak
subtype: sand_devil's_claw__Proboscidea_arenaria__Martynia_arenaria alternatively placed in genus Martynia
subtype: sweet_unicorn_plant__Proboscidea_fragrans__Martynia_fragrans a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea
subtype: Aureolaria_pedicularia__false_foxglove__falsefoxglove__Gerardia_pedicularia multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia
subtype: false_foxglove__falsefoxglove__Aureolaria_virginica__Gerardia_virginica sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia
subtype: foxglove__digitalis__digitali any of several plants of the genus Digitalis
subtype: common_foxglove__fairy_bell__fairybell__fingerflower__fingerroot__Digitalis_purpurea tall leafy European biennial or perennial having spectacular clusters of large tubular pink-purple flowers; leaves yield drug digitalis and are poisonous to livestock
subtype: yellow_foxglove__straw_foxglove__strawfoxglove__Digitalis_lutea European yellow-flowered foxglove
subtype: mullein__flannel_leaf__flannelleaf__velvet_plant any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers
subtype: moth_mullein__Verbascum_blattaria European mullein with smooth leaves and large yellow or purplish flowers; naturalized as a weed in North America
subtype: white_mullein__whitemullein__Verbascum_lychnitis densely hairy Eurasian herb with racemose white flowers; naturalized in North America
subtype: purple_mullein__Verbascum_phoeniceum Eurasian mullein with showy purple or pink flowers
subtype: common_mullein__great_mullein__greatmullein__Aaron's_rod__flannel_mullein__flannelmullein__woolly_mullein__torch__Verbascum_thapsus tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers; ancient Greeks and Romans dipped the stalks in tallow for funeral torches
subtype: eggplant_bush__eggplant__aubergine__brinjal__gardenegg__mad_apple__Solanum_melongena hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable
subtype: Atropa_belladonna__belladonna__deadly_nightshade perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine
subtype: black_henbane__blackhenbane__henbane__stinking_nightshade__Hyoscyamus_niger poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine
subtype: Egyptian_henbane__Hyoscyamus_muticus poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine
subtype: tomato_plant__tomato__love_apple__Lycopersicon_esculentum native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties
subtype: Lycopersicon_esculentum_cerasiforme__cherry_tomato plant bearing small red to yellow fruit
subtype: plum_tomato.Lycopersicon_esculentum_cerasiforme__plumtomato a kind of cherry tomato that has an oblong shape
subtype: mandrake__devil's_apples__Mandragora_officinarum a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers
subtype: apple_of_Peru__shoo_fly__Nicandra_physaloides coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry
subtype: tobacco aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs
subtype: flowering_tobacco__floweringtobacco__Jasmine_tobacco__Nicotiana_alata South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers
subtype: common_tobacco__Nicotiana_tabacum tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves
subtype: wild_tobacco__Indian_tobacco__Nicotiana_rustica tobacco plant of South America and Mexico
subtype: tree_tobacco__mustard_tree__mustardtree__Nicotiana_glauca evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock
subtype: cupflower__nierembergia any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers
subtype: whitecup__Nierembergia_repens__Nierembergia_rivularis prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose
subtype: tall_cupflower__Nierembergia_frutescens shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental
subtype: ground_cherry__husk_tomato any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers
subtype: downy_ground_cherry__strawberry_tomato__Physalis_pubescens decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk
subtype: Chinese_lantern_plant__winter_cherry__bladder_cherry__bladdercherry__Physalis_alkekengi Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx
subtype: cape_gooseberry__purple_ground_cherry__Physalis_peruviana annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits
subtype: strawberry_tomato__dwarf_cape_gooseberry__Physalis_pruinosa stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits
subtype: tomatillo__jamberry__Mexican_husk_tomato__Physalis_ixocarpa annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes
subtype: miltomate__tomatillo__purple_ground_cherry__jamberry__Physalis_philadelphica Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes
subtype: yellow_henbane__Physalis_viscosa found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries
subtype: salpiglossis any plant of the genus Salpiglossis
subtype: painted_tongue__paintedtongue__Salpiglossis_sinuata Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat
subtype: Scopolia_carniolica herb that is a source of scopolamine
subtype: herb_mercury__herbs_mercury__herbsmercury__boys-and-girls__Mercurialis_annua Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic
subtype: dog's_mercury__dog'smercury__dog_mercury__dogmercury__Mercurialis_perennis European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers
subtype: spurge_nettle__tread-softly__treadsoftly__devil_nettle__devilnettle__pica-pica__Cnidoscolus_urens__Jatropha_urens__Jatropha_stimulosus a stinging herb of tropical America
subtype: umbellifer__umbelliferous_plant__umbelliferousplant any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae
subtype: wild_parsley any of various uncultivated umbelliferous plants with foliage resembling that of carrots or parsley
subtype: dill__Anethum_graveolens aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning
subtype: angelique__angelica any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels
subtype: garden_angelica__archangel__Angelica_Archangelica a biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally
subtype: wild_angelica__Angelica_sylvestris European herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island
subtype: beaked_parsley__chervil__Anthriscus_cereifolium aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads
subtype: cow_parsley__cowparsley__wild_chervil__Anthriscus_sylvestris coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America
subtype: wild_celery__Apium_graveolens herb of Europe and temperate Asia
subtype: cultivated_celery__celery__Apium_graveolens_dulce widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked
subtype: knob_celery__celeriac__celery_root__root_celery__turnip-rooted_celery__Apium_graveolens_rapaceum grown for its thickened edible aromatic root
subtype: astrantia__masterwort any plant of the genus Astrantia
subtype: greater_masterwort__greatermasterwort__Astrantia_major European herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers
subtype: Carum_carvi__caraway a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed
subtype: whorled_caraway a caraway with whorled leaves
subtype: Conopodium_denudatum__earthnut a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts
subtype: coriander_plant__corianderplant__coriander__Chinese_parsley__cilantro__Coriandrum_sativum Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley
subtype: cumin__Cuminum_cyminum dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds
subtype: cultivated_carrot__carrot__Daucus_carota_sativa perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical deep-orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions
subtype: Eryngium_aquaticum__button_snakeroot coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master
subtype: fennel any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems
subtype: Foeniculum_vulgare__common_fennel strongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning
subtype: Foeniculum_dulce__Florence_fennel__Foeniculum_vulgare_dulce grown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base
subtype: cow_parsnip__cowparsnip__hogweed__Heracleum_sphondylium tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers
subtype: Levisticum_officinale__lovage herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds
subtype: Myrrhis_odorata__sweet_cicely__sweetcicely European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers
subtype: Pastinaca_sativa__parsnip a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root
subtype: cultivated_parsnip European biennial having a long fusiform root that has been made palatable through cultivation
subtype: wild_parsnip__madnep biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip
subtype: Petroselinum_crispum__parsley annual or perennial herb with aromatic finely-cut leaves
subtype: Italian_parsley__flat-leaf_parsley__Petroselinum_crispum_neapolitanum a variety of parsley having flat leaves
subtype: Hamburg_parsley__turnip-rooted_parsley__Petroselinum_crispum_tuberosum parsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip
subtype: anise_plant__aniseplant__anise__Pimpinella_anisum native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery
subtype: sanicle__snakeroot a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers
subtype: footsteps-of-spring__Sanicula_arctopoides sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers
subtype: purple_sanicle__Sanicula_bipinnatifida sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers
subtype: European_sanicle__Sanicula_Europaea sanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers
subtype: moon_carrot__stone_parsley__stoneparsley any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage
subtype: stone_parsley__stoneparsley__Sison_amomum slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean having foliage like parsley and white flowers with aromatic seeds
subtype: Alexander__Alexanders__black_lovage__blacklovage__horse_parsley__horseparsley__Smyrnium_olusatrum European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb
subtype: corn_salad a plant of the genus Valerianella
subtype: common_corn_salad__lamb's_lettuce__Valerianella_olitoria__Valerianella_locusta widely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed
subtype: wort.herbaceous_plant usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'
subtype: peperomia any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage
subtype: watermelon_begonia__Peperomia_argyreia__Peperomia_sandersii grown as a houseplant for its silvery striped fleshy foliage; South America
subtype: yerba_mansa__yerbamansa__Anemopsis_californica stoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone
subtype: asclepiad any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae
subtype: milkweed__silkweed any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts
subtype: white_milkweed__whitemilkweed__Asclepias_albicans tall herb with leafless waxy-white stems and whitish starlike flowers; southwestern United States
subtype: blood_flower__bloodflower__swallowwort__asclepiascurassavica tropical herb having orange-red flowers followed by pods suggesting a swallow with outspread wings; a weed throughout the tropics
subtype: poke_milkweed__Asclepias_exaltata milkweed of the eastern United States with leaves resembling those of pokeweed
subtype: swamp_milkweed__swampmilkweed__Asclepias_incarnata densely branching perennial of the eastern United States with white to crimson or purple flowers
subtype: Mead's_milkweed__Asclepias_meadii__Asclepia_meadii milkweed of central North America; a threatened species
subtype: purple_silkweed__Asclepias_purpurascens perennial of eastern North America having pink-purple flowers
subtype: showy_milkweed__showymilkweed__Asclepias_speciosa milkweed of southern North America having large starry purple-pink flowers
subtype: poison_milkweed__horsetail_milkweed__horsetailmilkweed__Asclepias_subverticillata milkweed of southwestern United States and Mexico; poisonous to livestock
subtype: butterfly_weed__butterflyweed__orange_milkweed__orangemilkweed__chiggerflower__pleurisy_root__tuber_root__tuberroot__Indian_paintbrush__Asclepias_tuberosa erect perennial of eastern and southern United States having showy orange flowers
subtype: whorled_milkweed__whorledmilkweed__asclepiasverticillata milkweed of the eastern United States with narrow leaves in whorls and greenish-white flowers
subtype: stapelia__carrion_flower__carrionflower__starfish_flower any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large evil-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers
subtype: Stapelias_asterias stapelia of Cape Province Africa having mostly dark red-brown flowers with flat starlike corollas
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