#fungus a parasitic plant lacking chlorophyll and leaves and true stems and roots and reproducing by spores
supertype: #plant__flora__plant_life__plantlife a living organism lacking the power of locomotion
part: #pileus #volva #hymenium #mycelium
member of: #kingdom_Fungi
subtype: #Dutch_elm_fungus__Ceratostomella_ulmi fungus causing Dutch elm disease
subtype: #Claviceps_purpurea__ergot a fungus that infects various cereal plants forming compact black masses of branching filaments that replace many grains of the plant; source of medicinally important alkaloids and of lysergic acid
subtype: #rye_ergot__ryeergot a sclerotium or hardened mass of mycelium
subtype: #black_root_rot_fungus__Xylaria_mali fungus causing black root rot in apples
subtype: #dead-man's-fingers__dead-men's-fingers__Xylaria_polymorpha the fruiting bodies of the fungi of the genus Xylaria
subtype: #sclerotinia any fungus of the genus Sclerotinia; some causing brown rot diseases in plants
subtype: #brown_cup__browncup a variety of sclerotinia
subtype: #earthball__false_truffle__falsetruffle__puffball__hard-skinned_puffball any of various fungi of the genus Scleroderma having hard-skinned subterranean fruiting bodies resembling truffles
subtype: #Scleroderma_citrinum__Scleroderma_aurantium an earthball fungus that is a dingy brownish yellow and a dark purplish interior; the peridium is covered with a pattern of small warts
subtype: #Scleroderma_flavidium__star_earthball an earthball with a smooth upper surface that is at first buried in sand; the top of the fruiting body opens up to form segments like the ray of an umbel
subtype: #Scleroderma_bovista__smooth_earthball an earthball with a peridium that is firm dry and smooth when young but developing cracks when mature; pale orange-yellow when young and reddish brown at maturity
subtype: #stalked_puffball.fungus__stalkedpuffball mushroom of the genus Tulostoma that resembles a puffball
subtype: #false_truffle__falsetruffle any of various fungi of the family Rhizopogonaceae having subterranean fruiting bodies similar to the truffle
subtype: #Rhizopogon_idahoensis a large whitish Rhizopogon that becomes grayish brown in maturity
subtype: #Truncocolumella_citrina a fungus with a round yellow to orange fruiting body that is found on the surface of the ground or partially buried; has a distinctive sterile column extending into the spore-bearing tissue
subtype: #slime_mold__slimemold__slime_mould__slimemould a naked mass of protoplasm having characteristics of both plants and animals; sometimes classified as protoctists
subtype: #true_slime_mold__acellular_slime_mold__acellularslimemold__plasmodial_slime_mold__myxomycete a slime mold of the class Myxomycetes
subtype: #cellular_slime_mold differing from true slime molds in being cellular and nucleate throughout the life cycle
subtype: #dictostylium any slime mold of the genus Dictostylium
subtype: #pond-scum_parasite an aquatic fungus of genus Synchytriaceae that is parasitic on pond scum
subtype: #potato_wart_fungus__Synchytrium_endobioticum fungus causing potato wart disease in potato tubers
subtype: #white_fungus__Saprolegnia_ferax a fungus that attacks living fish and tadpoles and spawn causing white fungus disease: a coating of white hyphae on especially peripheral parts (as fins)
subtype: #white_rust__whiterust fungus causing a disease characterized by a white powdery mass of conidia
subtype: #pythium any fungus of the genus Pythium
subtype: #damping_off_fungus__Pythium_debaryanum fungus causing damping off disease in seedlings
subtype: #Phytophthora_citrophthora causes brown rot gummosis in citrus fruits
subtype: #Phytophthora_infestans fungus causing late blight in solanaceous plants especially tomatoes and potatoes
subtype: #clubroot_fungus__Plasmodiophora_brassicae a fungus resembling slime mold that causes swellings or distortions of the roots of cabbages and related plants
subtype: #earth-ball__earthball__truffle__earthnut any of various highly prized edible subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber; grow naturally in southwestern Europe
subtype: #coral_fungus any of numerous fungi of the family Clavariaceae often brightly colored that grow in often intricately branched clusters like coral
subtype: #club_fungus a club-shaped coral fungus
subtype: #tooth_fungus a fungus of the family Hydnaceae
subtype: #lichen any thallophytic plant of the division Lichenes; occur as crusty patches or bushy growths on tree trunks or rocks or bare ground etc.
subtype: #ascolichen a lichen in which the fungus component is an ascomycete
subtype: #basidiolichen a lichen in which the fungus component is a basidiomycete
subtype: #lecanora any lichen of the genus Lecanora; some used in dyeing; some used for food
subtype: #manna_lichen__mannalichen any of several Old World semi-crustaceous or shrubby lecanoras that roll up and are blown about over African and Arabian deserts and used as food by people and animals
subtype: #archil__orchil any of various lecanoras that yield the dye archil
subtype: #roccella__Roccella_tinctoria a source of the dye archil and of litmus
subtype: #beard_lichen__beardlichen__beard_moss__Usnea_barbata greenish gray pendulous lichen growing on trees
subtype: #horsehair_lichen__horsehairlichen__horsetail_lichen__horsetaillichen any of several lichens of the genus Alectoria having a thallus consisting of filaments resembling hair
subtype: #reindeer_moss__reindeer_lichen__arctic_moss__Cladonia_rangiferina an erect grayish branching lichen of Arctic and even some north temperate regions constituting the chief food for reindeer and caribou and sometimes being eaten by humans
subtype: #crottle__crottal__crotal any of several lichens of the genus Parmelia from which reddish brown or purple dyes are made
subtype: #Iceland_moss__Iceland_lichen__Cetraria_islandica lichen with branched flattened partly erect thallus that grows in mountainous and arctic regions; used as a medicine or food for humans and livestock; a source of glycerol
subtype: #true_fungus any of numerous fungi of the division Eumycota
subtype: #basidiomycete__basidiomycetous_fungi__basidiomycetousfungi any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota
subtype: #mushroom.basidiomycete any of various fleshy fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota consisting of a cap at the end of a stem arising from an underground mycelium
subtype: #morel any of various edible mushrooms of the genus Morchella having a brownish spongelike cap
subtype: #common_morel__Morchella_esculenta__sponge_mushroom__sponge_morel an edible and choice morel with a globular to elongate head with an irregular pattern of pits and ridges
subtype: #Disciotis_venosa__cup_morel__cupmorel an edible morel with a cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting body can be up to 20 cm wide; the fertile surface inside the cup has wrinkles radiating from the center; can be easily confused with inedible mushrooms
subtype: #Verpa__bell_morel a morel whose fertile portion resembles a bell and is attached to the stipe only at the top
subtype: #Verpa_bohemica__early_morel__earlymorel resembles a thimble on a finger; the surface of the fertile portion is folded into wrinkles that extend from the top down; fruiting begins in spring before the leaves are out on the trees
subtype: #Verpa_conica__conic_Verpa a morel with a fertile portion that has a relatively smooth surface; the stalk is fragile
subtype: #black_morel__blackmorel__Morchella_conica__conic_morel__conicmorel__Morchella_angusticeps__narrowhead_morel a morel whose pitted fertile body is attached to the stalk with little free skirt around it; the fertile body is gray when young and black in old age
subtype: #Morchella_crassipes__thick-footed_morel a delicious morel with a conic fertile portion having deep and irregular pits
subtype: #Morchella_semilibera__half-free_morel__cow's_head__cow'shead a morel with the ridged and pitted fertile portion attached to the stipe for about half its length
subtype: #agaric a saprophytic fungus of the order Agaricales having an umbrellalike cap with gills on the underside
subtype: #mushroom.agaric common name for an edible agaric (contrasting with the inedible toadstool)
subtype: #toadstool common name for an inedible or poisonous agaric (contrasting with the edible mushroom)
subtype: #horse_mushroom__horsemushroom__Agaricus_arvensis coarse edible mushroom with a hollow stem and abroad white cap
subtype: #meadow_mushroom__field_mushroom__fieldmushroom__Agaricus_campestris common edible mushroom found naturally in moist open soil; the cultivated mushroom of commerce
subtype: #royal_agaric__royalagaric__Caesar's_agaric__Amanita_caesarea widely distributed edible mushroom resembling the fly agaric
subtype: #false_deathcap__falsedeathcap__Amanita_mappa agaric often confused with the death cup
subtype: #fly_agaric__flyagaric__Amanita_muscaria poisonous (but rarely fatal) woodland fungus having a scarlet cap with white warts and white gills
subtype: #death_cap__deathcap__death_cup__death_angel__destroying_angel__Amanita_phalloides extremely poisonous usually white fungus with a prominent cup-shaped base; differs from edible Agaricus only in its white gills
subtype: #blushing_mushroom__blusher__amanitarubescen yellowish edible agaric that usually turns red when touched
subtype: #destroying_angel__Amanita_verna fungus similar to Amanita phalloides
subtype: #chanterelle__chantarelle__Cantharellus_cibarius widely distributed edible mushroom rich yellow in color with a smooth cap and a pleasant apricot aroma
subtype: #floccose_chanterelle__Cantharellus_floccosus a mildly poisonous fungus with a fruiting body shaped like a hollow trumpet
subtype: #pig's_ears__Cantharellus_clavatus an edible agaric with a brown fruiting body that is often compound
subtype: #cinnabar_chanterelle__Cantharellus_cinnabarinus mushroom with a distinctive pink to vermillion fruiting body
subtype: #jack-o-lantern_fungus__jack-o-lantern__jack-a-lantern__Omphalotus_illudens a large poisonous agaric with orange caps and narrow clustered stalks; the gills are luminescent
subtype: #inky_cap__inky-cap_mushroom__Coprinus_atramentarius having a cap that melts into an inky fluid after spores have matured
subtype: #shaggymane_mushroom__shaggymane__shaggycap__Coprinus_comatus common edible mushroom having an elongated shaggy white cap and black spores
subtype: #milkcap__Lactarius_delicioso edible mushroom
subtype: #fairy-ring_mushroom__Marasmius_oreades mushroom that grows in a fairy ring
subtype: #oyster_mushroom__oyster_fungus__oyster_agaric__Pleurotus_ostreatus edible agaric with a soft grayish cap growing in shelving masses on dead wood
subtype: #olive-tree_agaric__Pleurotus_phosphoreus red luminescent mushroom of Europe
subtype: #Pholiota_astragalina a fungus with a smooth orange cap and yellow gills and pale yellow stalk
subtype: #Pholiota_aurea__golden_pholiota a beautiful yellow gilled fungus found from Alaska south along the coast
subtype: #Pholiota_destruens a large fungus with whitish scales on the cap and remnants of the veil hanging from the cap; the stalk is thick and hard
subtype: #Pholiota_flammans a fungus with a yellow cap covered with fine scales as is the stalk
subtype: #Pholiota_flavida a fungus that grows in clusters on the ground; cap is brownish orange with a surface that is smooth and slightly sticky; whitish gills and a cylindrical brown stalk
subtype: #Pholiota_nameko__nameko__viscid_mushroom one of the most important fungi cultivated in Japan
subtype: #Pholiota_squarrosa-adiposa a gilled fungus having yellow slimy caps with conspicuous tawny scales on the caps and stalks
subtype: #Pholiota_squarrosa__scaly_pholiota__scalypholiota a gilled fungus with a cap and stalk that are conspicuously scaly with upright scales; gills develop a greenish tinge with age
subtype: #Pholiota_squarrosoides a pale buff fungus with tawny scales
subtype: #Stropharia_ambigua a gilled fungus with a long stalk and a yellow slimy cap from which fragments of the broken veil hang; gills are initially white but become dark brown as spores are released
subtype: #Stropharia_hornemannii a gilled fungus with a large slimy purple or olive cap; gills become purple with age; the stalk is long and richly decorated with pieces of the white sheath that extends up to a ring
subtype: #Stropharia_rugoso-annulata a large gilled fungus with a broad cap and a long stalk; the cap is dark brown; the white gills turn dark purplish brown with age; edible and choice
subtype: #Entoloma_lividum__Entoloma_sinuatum a deadly poisonous agaric; a large cap that is first white (livid or lead-colored) and then turns yellowish or tan
subtype: #Entoloma_aprile an agaric with a dark brown conical cap; fruits in early spring
subtype: #Chlorophyllum_molybdites a poisonous agaric with a fibrillose cap and brown scales on a white ground color; cap can reach a diameter of 30 cm; often forms `fairy rings'
subtype: #lepiota any fungus of the genus Lepiota
subtype: #poisonous_parasol__poisonousparasol__Lepiota_morgani an agaric regarded as poisonous
subtype: #Lepiota_naucina an agaric with grayish white fruiting body and gills that change from pink to dingy red
subtype: #Lepiota_rhacodes an agaric with a large cap with brown scales and a thick stalk
subtype: #American_parasol__Lepiota_americana an agaric with a pallid cap and a stalk that is enlarged near the base
subtype: #Lepiota_rubrotincta an agaric with a relatively small pink to red cap and white gills and stalk
subtype: #Lepiota_clypeolaria an agaric with a ragged stalk and a soft floccose cap
subtype: #onion_stem__onionstem__Lepiota_cepaestipes a white agaric that tends to cluster and has a club-shaped base
subtype: #parasol_mushroom__parasolmushroom__Lepiota_procera edible long-stalked mushroom with white flesh and gills and spores; found in open woodlands in autumn
subtype: #blewits__blewit__Clitocybe_nuda edible agaric that is pale lilac when young; has a smooth moist cap
subtype: #sandy_mushroom__sandymushroom__Tricholoma_populinum an edible agaric that fruits in great clusters (especially in sandy soil under cottonwood trees)
subtype: #Tricholoma_pessundatum a mildly poisonous agaric with a viscid reddish brown cap and white gills and stalk
subtype: #Tricholoma_sejunctum an agaric with a cap that is coated with dark fibrils in the center and has yellowish margins
subtype: #man-on-a-horse__Tricholoma_flavovirens an edible agaric with yellow gills and a viscid yellow cap that has a brownish center
subtype: #Tricholoma_venenata a poisonous white agaric
subtype: #Tricholoma_pardinum a poisonous agaric having a pale cap with fine gray fibrils
subtype: #Tricholoma_vaccinum an agaric with a cap that is densely covered with reddish fibrils and pale gills an stalk
subtype: #Tricholoma_aurantium an orange tan agaric whose gills become brown by maturity; has a strong odor and taste
subtype: #Pluteus_aurantiorugosus an agaric with a brilliant scarlet cap and a slender stalk
subtype: #Pluteus_magnus__swadust_mushroom__swadustmushroom an edible agaric found in piles of hardwood sawdust; the caps are black and coarsely wrinkled
subtype: #deer_mushroom__Pluteus_cervinus a small edible agaric with a slender stalk; usually found on rotting hardwoods
subtype: #straw_mushroom__strawmushroom__Chinese_mushroom__Volvariella_volvacea small tropical and subtropical edible mushroom having a white cap and long stem; an expensive delicacy in China and other Asian countries where it is grown commercially
subtype: #Volvariella_bombycina a mushroom with a dry yellowish to white fibrillose cap
subtype: #Clitocybe_clavipes an agaric with a flat cap that is grayish or yellowish brown with pallid gills and a stalk that bulges toward the base
subtype: #Clitocybe_dealbata a small poisonous agaric; has a dry white cap with crowded gills and a short stalk
subtype: #Clitocybe_inornata a fungus with a cap that is creamy gray when young and turns brown with age and a whitish stalk that stains yellow when handled
subtype: #Clitocybe_robusta__Clytocybe_alba a large white agaric; edible but not palatable
subtype: #Clitocybe_irina__Tricholoma_irinum__Lepista_irina an edible agaric with large silky white caps and thick stalks
subtype: #Clitocybe_subconnexa an edible white agaric that fruits in dense clusters; the gills are narrow and crowded and the stalk in fleshy and unpolished
subtype: #winter_mushroom__Flammulina_velutipes an edible agaric that is available in early spring or late fall when few other mushrooms are; has a viscid smooth orange to brown cap and a velvety stalk that turns black in maturity and pallid gills; often occur in clusters
subtype: #waxycap any fungus of the family Hygrophoraceae having gills that are more or less waxy in appearance
subtype: #Hygrocybe_acutoconica__conic_waxycap__conicwaxycap a fungus having an acutely conic cap and dry stalks
subtype: #Hygrophorus_borealis a fungus with a white convex cap and arcuate white gills and a stalk that tapers toward the base
subtype: #Hygrophorus_caeruleus a fungus with a broadly convex cap that is cream color with a tint of blue over the margin; waxy gills are bluish green to blue-gray; a short stalk tapers abruptly at the base
subtype: #Hygrophorus_inocybiformis a fungus with a drab squamulose cap and gray-brown squamules over the white background of the stalk and waxy gray-white gills
subtype: #Hygrophorus_kauffmanii a fungus with a slightly viscid cap; cap and gills are reddish brown nd the stalk is gray
subtype: #Hygrophorus_marzuolus a gray fungus frequently found near melting snow banks
subtype: #Hygrophorus_purpurascens a fungus with a viscid purplish red cap and stalk; found under spruce and other conifers
subtype: #Hygrophorus_russula an edible fungus with a reddish cap and close pale gills and dry stalk; found under hardwoods
subtype: #Hygrophorus_sordidus an edible fungus with a large white cap and a cry stalk and white gills
subtype: #Hygrophorus_tennesseensis a fungus having a brownish sticky cap with a white margin and white gills and an odor of raw potatoes
subtype: #Hygrophorus_turundus a small fungus with orange cap and yellow gills found in sphagnum bogs
subtype: #Hygrotrama_foetens a small gray-brown fungus with an unpleasant odor of mothballs
subtype: #Neohygrophorus_angelesianus a fungus with a small brown convex cap with a depressed disc; waxy wine-colored gills and a brown stalk; fruits in or near melting snow banks in the western mountains of North America
subtype: #Cortinarius_armillatus a fungus with large tawny caps and pale cinnamon gills and a red band of veil around the stalk; usually found near birch trees
subtype: #Cortinarius_atkinsonianus an edible fungus with a slimy viscid cap that is initially yellow but turns olive and then tawny; flesh is lavender
subtype: #Cortinarius_corrugatus a fungus with a viscid wrinkled tawny cap; the stalk has a basal bulb that diminishes as the stalk elongates; the gills are dark violet at first but soon turn brown
subtype: #Cortinarius_gentilis a poisonous fungus with a bright yellow brown cap and a long cinnamon colored stalk
subtype: #Cortinarius_mutabilis__purple-staining_Cortinarius a fungus with a reddish purple cap having a smooth slimy surface; close violet gills; all parts stain dark purple when bruised
subtype: #Cortinarius_semisanguineus a fungus with a dry brown cap and rusty red gills and a yellowish stalk
subtype: #Cortinarius_subfoetidus a fungus with a sticky lavender cap and stalk that whitish above and covered with a silky lavender sheath
subtype: #Cortinarius_violaceus a fungus that is violet over-all with a squamulose cap
subtype: #Gymnopilus_spectabilis a fungus with a brownish orange fruiting body and a ring near the top of the stalk; the taste is bitter and the flesh contains psilocybin and psilocin
subtype: #Gymnopilus_validipes a poisonous fungus with a dry cap and a cortina that does not leave much of a ring on the robust stalk
subtype: #Gymnopilus_ventricosus a giant fungus of the Pacific Northwest; has a very thick stalk and the cortina leaves a ring high up on the stalk
subtype: #shoestring_fungus any of several fungi of the genus Armillaria that form brown stringy rhizomorphs and cause destructive rot of the roots of some trees such as apples or maples
subtype: #Armillaria_caligata__booted_armillaria fungus with a brown cap and white gills and a membranous ring halfway up the stalk
subtype: #Armillaria_ponderosa__white_matsutake a large white mushroom that develops brown stains as it ages; gills are white; odor is spicy and aromatic; collected commercially for oriental cooking the Pacific Northwest
subtype: #Armillaria_zelleri a large fungus with viscid cap that dries and turns brown with age; gills are off-white
subtype: #honey_mushroom__honeymushroom__honey_fungus__Armillariella_mellea a honey-colored edible mushroom commonly associated with the roots of trees in late summer and fall; do not eat raw
subtype: #gill_fungus a basidiomycete with gills
subtype: #polypore__pore_fungus__pore_mushrum woody pore fungi; any fungus of the family Polyporaceae or family Boletaceae having the spore-bearing surface within tubes or pores; the fruiting bodies are usually woody at maturity and persistent
subtype: #bracket_fungus__shelf_fungus a woody fungus that forms shelflike sporophores
subtype: #Albatrellus_dispansus a rare fungus having a large (up to 14 inches wide) yellow fruiting body with multiple individual caps and a broad central stalk and a fragrant odor
subtype: #Albatrellus_ovinus__sheep_polypore__sheeppolypore a fungus with a whitish often circular cap and a white pore surface and small pores and a white central stalk; found under conifers; edible but not popular
subtype: #Neolentinus_ponderosus a gilled polypore with a large cap (up to 15 inches in diameter) and a broad stalk; edible when young and tender
subtype: #Nigroporus_vinosus a woody pore fungus with a dark brown to red brown cap and spore surface and small pores
subtype: #Oligoporus_leucospongia a pore fungus with a whitish cottony soft cap found on conifer logs in forests at high elevation in the western United States and adjacent Canada
subtype: #Polyporus_tenuiculus a fungus with a whitish kidney-shaped cap and elongated pores; causes white rot in dead hardwoods
subtype: #Polyporus_squamosus__scaly_polypore__scalypolypore a fungus with a lateral stalk (when there is a stalk) and a scaly cap that becomes nearly black in maturity; widely distributed in the northern hemisphere
subtype: #beefsteak_fungus__Fistulina_hepatica a popular edible fungus with a cap the color of liver or raw meat; abundant in southeastern United States
subtype: #shiitake_mushroom__shiitake__Chinese_black_mushroom__golden_oak_mushroom__Oriental_black_mushroom__Lentinus_edodes edible east Asian mushroom having a golden or dark brown to blackish cap and an inedible stipe
subtype: #scaly_lentinus__Lentinus_lepideus a fungus with a scaly cap and white flesh and a ring on the stalk (with scales below the ring); odor reminiscent of licorice
subtype: #pink_disease_fungus__Corticium_salmonicolor fungus causing pink disease in citrus and coffee and rubber trees etc
subtype: #bottom_rot_fungus__Corticium_solani fungus causing bottom rot in lettuce
subtype: #potato_fungus__Pellicularia_filamentosa__Rhizoctinia_solani fungus causing a disease in potatoes characterized by black scurfy spots on the tubers
subtype: #coffee_fungus__Pellicularia_koleroga fungus causing a disease in coffee and some other tropical plants
subtype: #Volvaria_bombycina a parasite on various trees
subtype: #sac_fungus any of various ascomycetous fungi in which the spores are formed in a sac or ascus
subtype: #ascomycete__ascomycetous_fungus any fungus of the class Ascomycetes (or subdivision Ascomycota) in which the spores are formed inside an ascus
subtype: #Geglossaceae a type of ascomycetous fungus
subtype: #Sarcosomataceae a type of ascomycetous fungus
subtype: #black_felt_cup a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae
subtype: #Rufous_rubber_cup a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae
subtype: #charred_pancake_cup__charredpancakecup a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae
subtype: #devil's_cigar__devil'scigar a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae
subtype: #devil's_urn__devil'surn a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae
subtype: #winter_urn a common name for a variety of Sarcosomataceae
subtype: #Clavicipitaceae__grainy_club_mushrooms any of various mushrooms of the class Ascomycete
subtype: #grainy_club a variety of grainy club mushrooms
subtype: #soldier_grainy_club a variety of grainy club
subtype: #discomycete__cupfungu any fungus that is a member of the subclass Discomycetes
subtype: #Leotia_lubrica a discomycete that develops in clusters of slippery rubbery gelatinous fruiting bodies that are dingy yellow to tan in color
subtype: #Mitrula_elegans a discomycete that is 3-8 cm high with an orange to yellow fertile portion and white or pinkish stalks often half in and half out of the water
subtype: #Sarcoscypha_coccinea__scarlet_cup__scarletcup a discomycete that is a harbinger of spring; the fruiting body is thin and tough and saucer-shaped (about the size of quarter to a half dollar) with a deep bright red upper surface and a whitish exterior
subtype: #Caloscypha_fulgens an early spring variety of discomycete with yellow to orange yellow lining of the cup
subtype: #Aleuria_aurantia__orange_peel_fungus a discomycete with bright orange cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting bodies and pale orange exteriors
subtype: #Peziza_domicilina a discomycetous fungus of the genus Peziza; the fragile fruiting body is a ghostly white but stains yellow when broken; favors strongly alkaline habitats
subtype: #blood_cup__bloodcup__fairy_cup__fairycup__Peziza_coccinea a scarlet European fungus with cup-shaped ascocarp
subtype: #Urnula_craterium__urn_fungus an urn-shaped discomycete with a nearly black interior
subtype: #Galiella_rufa the cup-shaped fruiting body of this discomycete has a jellylike interior and a short stalk
subtype: #Jafnea_semitosta the fruiting bodies of this discomycete have a firm texture and long retain their cup shape; the pale brown interior blends with the color of dead leaves
subtype: #yeast any of various single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or division
subtype: #baker's_yeast__baker'syeast__brewer's_yeast__Saccharomyces_cerevisiae used as a leaven in baking and brewing
subtype: #wine-maker's_yeast__Saccharomyces_ellipsoides used in making wine
subtype: #Aspergillus_fumigatus a mold causing aspergillosis in birds and man
subtype: #brown_root_rot_fungus__Thielavia_basicola fungus causing brown root rot in plants of the pea and potato and cucumber families
subtype: #Wynnea_americana a fungus composed of several apothecia that look like elongated rabbit ears; the sterile surface is dark brown and warty; the fertile surface is smooth and pinkish orange
subtype: #Wynnea_sparassoides a fungus with a long solid stalk embedded in soil and a cauliflower-shaped yellow-brown head
subtype: #false_morel a fungus of the family Helvellaceae
subtype: #helvella any fungus of the genus Helvella having the ascocarps stalked or pleated or often in folds
subtype: #Helvella_crispa__miter_mushroom__mitermushroom a helvella with a saddle-shaped fertile part and creamy color; the stalk is fluted and pitted
subtype: #Helvella_acetabulum a helvella with a cup-shaped fertile body having a brown interior; the stalk is creamy white and heavily ribbed
subtype: #Helvella_sulcata a helvella with an irregularly convoluted cap that is dark brown when young and becomes dull gray with age; the lower surface of the cap is smooth and pale gray; the stalk is thick and deeply fluted
subtype: #discina any fungus of the genus Discina
subtype: #Discina_macrospora a discina with a flat or saucer-shaped fertile body that is brown on the upper surface; has a short stalk; not recommended for eating
subtype: #lorchel a large fungus of the family Helvellaceae
subtype: #Gyromitra_fastigiata__Gyromitra_brunnea a lorchel with deep brownish red fertile part and white stalk
subtype: #gyromitra any fungus of the genus Gyromitra
subtype: #Gyromitra_californica__California_false_morel a gyromitra with a brown puffed up fertile part and a thick fluted stalk; found under conifers in California
subtype: #Gyromitra_sphaerospora__round-spored_gyromitra a gyromitra with a brown puffed up fertile part and a rosy pink fluted stalk and smooth round spores; found on hardwood slash east of the Great Plains
subtype: #Gyromitra_esculenta__brain_mushroom__brainmushroom__beefsteak_morel__beefsteakmorel a poisonous gyromitra; the surface of the fertile body is smooth at first and becomes progressively undulating and wrinkled (but never truly pitted); color varies from dull yellow to brown
subtype: #Gyromitra_infula__saddled-shaped_false_morel a poisonous fungus; saddle-shaped and dull yellow to brown fertile part is relatively even
subtype: #Gyromitra_gigas a gyromitra with a large irregular stalk and fertile part that is yellow to brown and wrinkled; has early fruiting time
subtype: #gasteromycete any fungus of the class Gasteromycetes
subtype: #Podaxaceae a variety of Gastromycete
subtype: #stalked_puffball__stalkedpuffball a variety of Podaxaceae
subtype: #Calostoma_lutescens a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body that is globose and has a pale yellow spore case
subtype: #Calostoma_cinnabarina a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body this globose and has a red spore case
subtype: #Calostoma_ravenelii a gasteromycete with a leathery stalk and a fruiting body with a thin gelatinous spore case and elliptical spores
subtype: #stinkhorn__carrion_fungus any of various ill-smelling brown-capped fungi of the order Phallales; "the foul smell of the stinkhorn attracts insects that carry the spores away on their feet"
subtype: #common_stinkhorn__Phallus_impudicus a common fungus formerly used in preparing a salve for rheumatism
subtype: #Phallus_ravenelii this stinkhorn has a cap with a granulose surface at the apex and smells like decaying flesh
subtype: #dog_stinkhorn__dogstinkhorn__Mutinus_caninus a stinkhorn having a stalk without a cap; the slimy gleba is simply plastered on its surface near the apex where winged insects can find it
subtype: #stinky_squid__Pseudocolus_fusiformis a stinkhorn of genus Pseudocolus; the fruiting body first resembles a small puffball that soon splits open to form a stalk with tapering arms that arch and taper to a common point
subtype: #true_puffball__puffball any of various fungi of the family Lycoperdaceae whose round fruiting body discharges a cloud of spores when mature
subtype: #giant_puffball__giantpuffball__Calvatia_gigantea huge edible puffball up to 2 feet diameter and 25 pounds in weight
subtype: #earthstar any fungus of the family Geastraceae; in form suggesting a puffball whose outer peridium splits into the shape of a star
subtype: #Geastrum_coronatum an earthstar with a bluish spore sac and a purplish brown gleba; at maturity the outer layer splits into rays that bend backward and elevate the spore sac
subtype: #Astreus_pteridis the largest earthstar; the fruiting body can measure 15 cm across when the rays are expanded
subtype: #Astreus_hygrometricus a common species of earthstar widely distributed in sandy soil; the gleba is a pale tan
subtype: #Radiigera_fuscogleba a fungus similar to an earthstar except that it does not open up; the spore mass is brown at maturity with a column of sterile tissue extending up into it
subtype: #bird's-nest_fungus any of various fungi of the family Nidulariaceae having a cup-shaped body containing several egg-shaped structure enclosing the spores
subtype: #Gastrocybe_lateritia a species of Gastrocybe fungus that has a conic cap and a thin stalk; at first the stalk is upright but as it matures the stalk bends over and then downward; the cap then gelatinizes and a slimy mass containing the spores falls to the ground as the stalk collapses
subtype: #Macowanites_americanus a small fungus with a fragile cap that cracks to expose the white context and a white stalk that is practically enclosed by the cap
subtype: #Gastroboletus_scabrosus a dingy yellow brown fungus with a rough stalk that superficially resembles a bolete
subtype: #Gastroboletus_turbinatus a fungus with a cap that can vary from red to dark brown; superficially resembles a bolete
subtype: #hen-of-the-woods__hen_of_the_woods__Polyporus_frondosus__Grifola_frondosa large grayish-brown edible fungus forming a mass of overlapping caps that somewhat resembles a hen at the base of trees
subtype: #Fomes_igniarius__agaric fungus used in the preparation of punk for fuses
subtype: #bolete any fungus of the family Boletaceae
subtype: #Boletus_chrysenteron a fungus convex cap and a dingy yellow under surface and a dry stalk
subtype: #Boletus_edulis a edible and choice fungus; has a convex cap that is slightly viscid when fresh and moist but soon dries and a thick bulbous tan stalk
subtype: #Frost's_bolete__Boletus_frostii a fungus with a red cap and a red coarsely reticulate stalk
subtype: #Boletus_luridus a poisonous fungus with a dingy yellow cap and orange red undersurface and a cylindrical reticulate stalk
subtype: #Boletus_mirabilis a fungus that is edible when young and fresh; has a dark brown convex cap with a yellow to greenish under surface and reddish stalk
subtype: #Boletus_pallidus a fungus that has an off-white cap when it is young but later becomes dingy brown and a stalk of the same color; the under surface of the cap (the tubes) a pale greenish yellow
subtype: #Boletus_pulcherrimus a beautiful but poisonous bolete; has a brown cap with a scarlet pore surface and a thick reticulate stalk
subtype: #Boletus_pulverulentus an edible fungus with a broadly convex blackish brown cap and a pore surface that is yellow when young and darkens with age; stalk is thick and enlarges toward the base
subtype: #Boletus_roxanae a fungus with a rusty red cap and a white pore surface that becomes yellow with age and a pale yellow stalk
subtype: #Boletus_subvelutipes a fungus with a velvety stalk and usually a dingy brown cap; injured areas turn blue instantly
subtype: #Boletus_variipes an edible (but not choice) fungus found on soil under hardwoods; has a dry convex cap with whitish under surface and a reticulate stalk
subtype: #Boletus_zelleri an edible and choice fungus that has a brown cap with greenish yellow under surface and a stalk that become dull red with age
subtype: #Fuscoboletinus_paluster an edible fungus with a pinkish purple cap and stalk and a pore surface that is yellow with large angular pores that become like gills in maturity
subtype: #Fuscoboletinus_serotinus an edible fungus with a broadly convex brown cap and a whitish pore surface and stalk
subtype: #Leccinum_fibrillosum an edible fungus with a dark reddish brown cap and a wide light tan stalk that expands toward the base
subtype: #Phylloporus_boletinoides a fungus with a broadly convex brown cap and pores that extend part way down the stalk
subtype: #Suillus_albivelatus__suillusalbivelatu a short squat edible fungus with a reddish brown cap and white stalk; fruits under pines in the spring
subtype: #old-man-of-the-woods__Strobilomyces_floccopus edible mild-tasting mushroom found in coniferous woodlands of eastern North America
subtype: #Boletellus_russellii a fungus with a long coarsely shaggy reticulate stalk and a rimose areolate cap surface
subtype: #jelly_fungus any fungus of the order Tremellales or Auriculariales whose fruiting body is jellylike in consistency when fresh
subtype: #snow_mushroom__Tremella_fuciformis popular in China and Japan and Taiwan; gelatinous mushrooms; most are dried
subtype: #witches'_butter__Tremella_lutescens a yellow jelly fungus
subtype: #Tremella_foliacea a jelly fungus with a fruiting body 5-15 cm broad and gelatinous in consistency; resembles a bunch of leaf lettuce; mostly water and brownish in color
subtype: #Tremella_reticulata a jelly fungus with an erect whitish fruiting body and a highly variable shape (sometimes resembling coral fungi)
subtype: #Jew's-ear__Jew's-ears__ear_fungus__Auricularia_auricula widely distributed edible fungus shaped like a human ear and growing on decaying wood
subtype: #rust_fungus__rust any of various fungi causing rust disease in plants
subtype: #flax_rust_fungus__flax_rust__Melampsora_lini fungus causing flax rust
subtype: #blister_rust__blisterrust__Cronartium_ribicola fungus causing white pine blister rust and having a complex life cycle requiring a plant of genus Ribes as alternate host
subtype: #wheat_rust__wheatrust__Puccinia_graminis rust fungus that attacks wheat
subtype: #cedar-apple_rust__cedarapplerust__apple_rust__applerust__Gymnosporangium_juniperi-virginianae rust fungus causing rust spots on apples and pears etc
subtype: #smut_fungus__smut any fungus of the order Ustilaginales
subtype: #covered_smut__coveredsmut a smut fungus causing a smut disease of grains in which the spore masses are covered or held together by the grain membranes
subtype: #loose_smut__loosesmut a smut fungus of the genus Ustilago causing a smut disease of grains in which the entire head is transformed into a dusty mass of spores
subtype: #cornsmut__corn_smut a smut fungus attacking Indian corn
subtype: #boil_smut__Ustilago_maydis a common smut attacking Indian corn causing grayish white swellings that rupture to expose a black spore mass
subtype: #genus_Sphacelotheca__Sphacelotheca genus of smut fungus
subtype: #head_smut__Sphacelotheca_reiliana smut fungus attacking heads of corn or sorghum and causing a covered smut
subtype: #Tilletia_caries__bunt fungus that destroys kernels of wheat by replacing them with greasy masses of smelly spores
subtype: #Tilletia_foetida__bunt__stinking_smut similar to Tilletia caries
subtype: #onion_smut__onionsmut__Urocystis_cepulae smut fungus causing blackish blisters on scales and leaves of onions; especially destructive to seedlings
subtype: #flag_smut_fungus a smut fungus causing a smut in cereals and other grasses that chiefly affects leaves and stems and is characterized chains of sori within the plant tissue that later rupture releasing black masses of spores
subtype: #wheat_flag_smut__wheatflagsmut__Urocystis_tritici fungus affecting leaves and stems of wheat
subtype: #felt_fungus__Septobasidium_pseudopedicellatum fungus that frequently encircles twigs and branches of various trees especially citrus trees in southern United States
subtype: #mold.fungus__mould a fungus that produces a superficial growth on various kinds of damp or decaying organic matter
subtype: #mucor any mold of the genus Mucor
subtype: #rhizopus any of various rot-causing fungi of the genus Rhizopus
subtype: #bread_mold__breadmold__Rhizopus_nigricans a mold of the genus Rhizopus
subtype: #water_mold__watermold parasitic or saprobic organisms living chiefly in fresh water or moist soil
subtype: #mildew a fungus that produces a superficial (usually white) growth on organic matter
subtype: #powdery_mildew__powderymildew any of various fungi of the genus Erysiphe producing powdery conidia on the host surface
subtype: #downy_mildew__downymildew__falsemildew any of various fungi of the family Peronosporaceae parasitic on e.g. grapes and potatoes and melons
subtype: #blue_mold_fungus__Peronospora_tabacina fungus causing a serious disease in tobacco plants characterized by bluish-gray mildew on undersides of leaves
subtype: #onion_mildew__onionmildew__peronosporadestructor fungus causing a downy mildew on onions
subtype: #tobacco_mildew__tobaccomildew__Peronospora_hyoscyami fungus causing a downy mildew on growing tobacco
subtype: #verticillium a fungus of the genus Verticillium
subtype: #monilia any of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Monilia
subtype: #candida any of the yeastlike imperfect fungi of the genus Candida
subtype: #Candida_albicans__Monilia_albicans a parasitic fungus that can infect the mouth or the skin or the intestines or the vagina
subtype: #blastomycete any of various yeastlike budding fungi of the genus Blastomyces; cause disease in humans and other animals
subtype: #yellow_spot_fungus__Cercospora_kopkei fungus causing yellow spot (a sugarcane disease in Australia)
subtype: #green_smut_fungus__Ustilaginoidea_virens fungus causing green smut in rice
subtype: #dry_rot__dryrot a fungus causing dry rot
subtype: #rhizoctinia any fungus now or formerly belonging to the form genus Rhizoctinia
subtype: #earthtongue any club-shaped fungus of the genus Geoglossum
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