#doctrine__philosophy__school_of_thought__ism a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school
supertype: #belief any cognitive content held as true
subtype: #abolitionism the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery
subtype: #absolutism the doctrine of an absolute being
subtype: #amoralism the doctrine that moral distinctions are invalid
subtype: #animalism the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature
subtype: #animism the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls; "animism is common among primitive peoples"
subtype: #creationism the literal belief in the account of creation given in the Book of Genesis; "creationism denies the theory of evolution of species"
subtype: #creation_science an effort to give scientific support for the truth of the account of creation given in the Book of Genesis
subtype: #creed__credo any system of principles or beliefs
subtype: #testament a profession of belief; "he stated his political testament"
subtype: #Athanasian_Creed a Christian profession of faith
subtype: #dogma a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative; "he believed all the Marxist dogma"
subtype: #dualism the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil
subtype: #epicureanism a doctrine of hedonism that was defended by several ancient Greek philosophers
subtype: #expansionism the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country
subtype: #formalism.doctrine the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented
subtype: #functionalism any doctrine that stresses utility or purpose
subtype: #gospel a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance; "Newton's writings were gospel for those who followed"
subtype: #gymnosophy the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation
subtype: #imitation.doctrine the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations
subtype: #mimesis the imitative representation of nature and human behavior in art and literature
subtype: #laissez_faire__laissezfaire__individualism the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs
subtype: #internationalism the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences
subtype: #unilateralism the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations
subtype: #irredentism__irridentism the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related
subtype: #literalism the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature
subtype: #majority_rule__democracy the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group
subtype: #monism the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element
subtype: #nihilism a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake
subtype: #passivism__pacifism the doctrine that all violence in unjustifiable
subtype: #pluralism the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements
subtype: #populism the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite
subtype: #freethinking__rationalism the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct
subtype: #humanism the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason; rejects religion and the supernatural
subtype: #humanitarianism__humanism the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare
subtype: #egalitarianism__equalitarianism the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality
subtype: #feminism a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women
subtype: #ecumenism__ecumenicism__ecumenicalism the doctrine of the ecumenical movement promoting cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations; aimed at universal Christian unity
subtype: #secessionism a doctrine that maintains the right of secession
subtype: #secularism a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations
subtype: #phenomenology a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account
subtype: #philosophical_doctrine__philosophicaldoctrine__philosophical_theory__philosophicaltheory a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy
subtype: #aesthetic__esthetic a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful; "he despised the esthetic of minimalism"
subtype: #Aristotelianism the philosophy of Aristotle that elaborates the fundamental principles of the syllogism
subtype: #conceptualism the doctrine that the application of a general term to various objects indicates the existence of a mental entity that mediates the application
subtype: #Confucianism the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China
subtype: #deconstruction__deconstructionism a philosophical theory of criticism (usually of literature or film) that seeks to expose deep-seated contradictions in a work by delving below its surface meaning
subtype: #empiricism__empiricist_philosophy__sensationalism the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
subtype: #experimentalism an empirical doctrine that advocates experimental principles
subtype: #logical_positivism__logicalpositivism__positivism the form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience (not on intuition or revelation)
subtype: #Comtism Auguste Comte's positivistic philosophy that metaphysics and theology should be replaced by a hierarchy of sciences from mathematics at the base to sociology at the top
subtype: #existentialism__existentialist_philosophy a 20th-century philosophical movement; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they make of themselves
subtype: #determinism a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as denying the possibility of free will
subtype: #fatalism a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are predetermined in advance for all time and human beings are powerless to change them
subtype: #formalism.philosophical_doctrine the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physical entities) exhibit a form that has useful applications
subtype: #idealism.philosophical_doctrine the doctrine that ideas are the only reality
subtype: #intuitionism the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition
subtype: #logicism the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic
subtype: #physicalism__materialism the doctrine that matter is the only reality
subtype: #dialectical_materialism__dialecticalmaterialism the materialistic philosophy of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
subtype: #mechanism.philosophical_doctrine the doctrine that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes
subtype: #mentalism a doctrine that mind is the true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of the mind's awareness
subtype: #nativism the philosophical doctrine that some ideas are innate
subtype: #naturalism the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations
subtype: #nominalism the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name
subtype: #operationalism the doctrine that the meaning of a proposition consists of the operations involved in proving or applying it
subtype: #Platonism__realism the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names
subtype: #pragmatism the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value
subtype: #probabilism the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action
subtype: #rationalism the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
subtype: #naive_realism__naiverealism__realism the philosophical doctrine that physical object continue to exist when not perceived
subtype: #relativism the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
subtype: #scholasticism the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe; based on Aristotle and the Church Fathers
subtype: #semiotics__semiotic a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols
subtype: #sensualism__sensationalism the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good
subtype: #solipsism the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist
subtype: #Stoicism the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno
subtype: #subjectivism the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience
subtype: #Daoism__Taoism philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events
subtype: #teleology a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes
subtype: #traditionalism.philosophical_doctrine the doctrine that all knowledge was originally derived by divine revelation and that it is transmitted by traditions
subtype: #vitalism a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry
subtype: #states'_rights.doctrine a doctrine that federal powers should be curtailed and returned to the individual states
subtype: #nullification.states'_rights the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress
subtype: #teaching__precept a doctrine that is taught; "the teaching of religion"; "he believed all the Christian precepts"
subtype: #Golden_Rule a command based on Jesus' words in the Sermon on the Mount: "Whatsoever ye would that men do unto you, do you even so unto them" (Mathew 7:12)
subtype: #theological_doctrine__theologicaldoctrine the doctrine of a religious group
subtype: #theanthropism (theology) the doctrine that Jesus was a union of the human and the divine
subtype: #predestination__foreordination__preordination__predetermination (theology) the doctrine (usually associated with Calvin) that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity (including the final salvation of mankind)
subtype: #spiritualism.theological_doctrine any doctrine that asserts the separate existence of God
subtype: #antinomianism the theological doctrine that by faith and God's grace a Christian is freed from all laws (including the moral standards of the culture)
subtype: #Thomism the comprehensive theological doctrine created by Saint Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century and still taught by the Dominicans
subtype: #Arianism the theological doctrine taught by Arius that Christ the Son was not consubstantial with God the Father
subtype: #Athanasianism the theological doctrine taught by Athanasius that Christ the Son is of the same substance as God the Father
subtype: #Boehmenism__Behmenism the mystical theological doctrine of Jakob Boehme that influenced the Quakers
subtype: #consubstantiation the High-Church Anglican doctrine that after the consecration of the Eucharist the substance of the body and blood of Christ coexists with the substance of the consecrated bread and wine
subtype: #Episcopalianism the theological doctrine of Church government by bishops
subtype: #Erastianism__Byzantinism__Caesaropapism the doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters
subtype: #Jansenism the Roman Catholic doctrine of Cornelis Jansen and his disciples; salvation is limited to those who are subject to supernatural determinism and the rest are assigned to perdition
subtype: #millenarianism belief in the Christian doctrine of the millennium mentioned in the Book of Revelations
subtype: #Quakerism the theological doctrine of the Society of Friends characterized by opposition to war and rejection of ritual and a formal creed and an ordained ministry
subtype: #rationalism.theological_doctrine the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth
subtype: #deism__free_thought the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation
subtype: #Rosicrucianism the theological doctrine that venerates the rose and the Cross as symbols of Christ's Resurrection and Redemption; claims various occult powers
subtype: #synergism the theological doctrine that salvation results from the interaction of human will and divine grace
subtype: #total_depravity the Calvinist doctrine that everyone is born in a state of corruption as a result of original sin
subtype: #transubstantiation the Roman Catholic doctrine that the whole substance of the bread and the wine changes into the substance of the body and blood of Christ when consecrated in the Eucharist
subtype: #universalism the theological doctrine that all people will eventually be saved
subtype: #Virgin_Birth__Nativity the theological doctrine that Jesus Christ had no human father; Christians believe that Jesus's birth fulfilled Old Testament prophecies and was attended by miracles; the Nativity is celebrated at Christmas
subtype: #utilitarianism doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number
subtype: #religious_doctrine__religiousdoctrine__church_doctrine__gospel__creed the body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group
subtype: #Nicene_Creed a formal creed summarizing Christian beliefs; first adopted in 325 and later expanded
subtype: #tenet__belief__dogma a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof
subtype: #article_of_faith__credendum (Christianity) any of the sections into which a creed or other statement of doctrine is divided
subtype: #Immaculate_Conception the Roman Catholic doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without any stain of original sin
subtype: #Incarnation the Christian doctrine of the union of God and man in the person of Jesus Christ
subtype: #real_presence the Christian doctrine that the body of Christ is actually present in the Eucharist
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