#device  an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose; "the device is small enough to wear on your wrist"; "a device intended to conserve water"
  supertype:  instrumentality__instrumentation  an artifact (or system of artifacts) that is instrumental in accomplishing some end
  subtype:  acoustic_device  a device for amplifying or transmitting sound
     subtype:  bell  a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
        subtype:  church_bell  a bell in a church tower (usually sounded to summon people to church); "church bells were ringing all over town"
        subtype:  cowbell  a bell hung around the neck of cow so that the cow can be easily located
        subtype:  death_bell__deathbell__death_knell__deathknell  a bell rung to announce a death
        subtype:  dinner_bell  a bell rung to announce that dinner has been served
        subtype:  electric_bell  a bell activated by the magnetic effect of an electric current
           subtype:  telephone_bell__telephonebell  electric bell that rings to signal a call
        subtype:  fire_bell  a bell rung to give a fire alarm
        subtype:  Liberty_Bell  the bell of Independence Hall; rung 8 July 1776 to announce the signing of the Declaration of Independence
        subtype:  school_bell  a bell rung to announce beginning or ending of class
        subtype:  sheep_bell__sheepbell  a bell hung round the neck of a sheep so that the sheep can be easily located
        subtype:  shop_bell  a bell attached to the door of a small shop; warns the proprietor that a customer has entered the shop
        subtype:  sleigh_bell__cascabel  bell attached to a sleigh, or to harness of horse pulling a sleigh
        subtype:  warning_bell__warningbell  a bell used to sound an alarm
     subtype:  birdcall  a device for imitating a birdcall
     subtype:  ear_trumpet__eartrumpet__hearing_aid__hearingaid  a conical acoustic device formerly used to direct sound to the ear of a hearing-impaired person
     subtype:  megaphone  a cone-shaped acoustic device held to the mouth to intensify and direct the human voice
     subtype:  mouthpiece  an acoustic device; the part of a telephone into which a person speaks
     subtype:  mute  a device used to soften the tone of a musical instrument
        subtype:  sordino__sourdine  a mute for a violin
     subtype:  silencer.acoustic_device__muffler  a tubular acoustic device inserted in the exhaust system that is designed to reduce noise
     subtype:  siren.acoustic_device  an acoustic device producing a loud often wailing sound as a signal or warning
     subtype:  slapstick.acoustic_device  acoustic device consisting of two paddles hinged together; used by an actor to make a loud noise without inflicting injury when striking someone
     subtype:  speaking_trumpet  a trumpet-shaped acoustic device to intensify and direct the human voice; formerly held to the ear by a hard-of-hearing person
     subtype:  whistle  acoustic device that forces air or steam against an edge or into a cavity and so produces a loud shrill sound
        subtype:  boat_whistle  a whistle on a boat that is sounded as a warning
        subtype:  factory_whistle__factorywhistle  a whistle at a factory that is sounded to announce times for starting or stopping work
        subtype:  steam_whistle__steamwhistle  a whistle in which the sound is produced by steam; usually attached to a steam boiler
  subtype:  adapter__adaptor  device that enables something to be used in a way different from that for which it was intended or makes different pieces of apparatus compatible
  subtype:  afterburner  a device injects fuel into a hot exhaust for extra thrust
  subtype:  airfoil__control_surface__surface  a device that provides reactive force when in motion relative to the surrounding air; can lift or control a plane in flight
     subtype:  aileron  an airfoil that controls lateral motion
     subtype:  elevator  the airfoil on the tailplane of an aircraft that makes it ascend or descend
     subtype:  flaps__flap__flap  a movable airfoil that is part of an aircraft wing; used to increase lift or drag
        subtype:  landing_flap__landingflap  a flap on the underside of the wing that is lowered to slow the plane for landing
     subtype:  horizontal_stabilizer__tailplane  the horizontal airfoil of an aircraft's tail assembly that is fixed and to which the elevator is hinged
     subtype:  rotor_blade__rotorblade__rotary_wing  the long airfoil that rotates to provide the lift that supports a helicopter in the air
     subtype:  rudder  a hinged vertical airfoil mounted at the tail of an aircraft and used to make horizontal course changes
     subtype:  spoiler  a hinged airfoil on the upper surface of an aircraft wing that is raised to reduce lift and increase drag
     subtype:  spoiler.airfoil  an airfoil mounted on the rear of a car to reduce lift at high speeds
     subtype:  stabilizer.airfoil  airfoil consisting of a device for stabilizing an aircraft
        subtype:  horizontal_tail  the horizontal stabilizer and elevator in the tail assembly of an aircraft
        subtype:  vertical_stabilizer__vertical_fin__tail_fin__tailfin  a stabilizer that is part of the vertical tail structure of an airplane
     subtype:  vertical_tail  the vertical airfoil in the tail assembly of an aircraft
     subtype:  wing.airfoil  one of the horizontal airfoils on either side of the fuselage of an airplane
  subtype:  alarm_system__alarmsystem__warning_device__warningdevice  a device that signals the occurrence of some undesirable event
     subtype:  automobile_horn__car_horn__carhorn__motor_horn__motorhorn__horn__hooter  a device on an automobile for making a warning noise
     subtype:  burglar_alarm__burglaralarm  a warning device that is tripped off by the occurrence of a burglary
     subtype:  smoke_alarm__smokealarm__fire_alarm  an alarm that is tripped off by fire or smoke
     subtype:  horn.alarm_system  an alarm device that makes a loud warning sound
        subtype:  air_horn.horn__airhorn  a pneumatic horn
        subtype:  foghorn  a warning device consisting of a horn that generates a loud low tone
           subtype:  diaphone  a foghorn that makes a signal consisting of two tones
        subtype:  klaxon__claxon  a kind of loud horn formerly used on motor vehicles
        subtype:  shofar__shophar  an ancient musical horn made from the horn of a ram; used in ancient times by the Israelites to sound a warning or a summons; used in synagogues today on solemn occasions
     subtype:  siren.acoustic_device  an acoustic device producing a loud often wailing sound as a signal or warning
  subtype:  contraption__appliance__contrivance__convenience__gadget__gizmo__gismo__widget  a device that very useful for a particular job
     subtype:  gadgetry  appliances collectively; "labor-saving gadgetry"
     subtype:  gimbals__gimbal  an appliance that allows an object (such as a ship's compass) to remain horizontal even as its support tips
  subtype:  applicator__applier  a device for applying a substance
     subtype:  flux_applicator  an applicator for applying flux (as in soldering)
     subtype:  paintbrush  a brush used as an applicator (to apply paint)
     subtype:  spray_gun__spraygun  an applicator resembling a gun for applying liquid substances (as paint) in the form of a spray
  subtype:  aspergill  a short-handled device with a globe containing a sponge; used for sprinkling holy water
  subtype:  autopilot__automatic_pilot__automaticpilot__robot_pilot__robotpilot  a navigational device that automatically keeps ships or planes or spacecraft on a steady course
  subtype:  decoy__bait__lure  something used to lure victims into danger
     subtype:  fisherman's_lure__fisherman'slure__fish_lure  (angling) any bright artificial bait consisting of plastic or metal mounted with hooks and trimmed with feathers
        subtype:  fly.fisherman's_lure  fisherman's lure consisting of a fishhook decorated to look like an insect
           subtype:  dry_fly  a fly (fisherman's lure) that skims the surface of the water
           subtype:  streamer_fly  an artificial fly that has wings extending back beyond the crook of the fishhook
           subtype:  wet_fly  fisherman's fly that floats under the surface of the water
        subtype:  spinner  fisherman's lure; revolves when drawn through the water
     subtype:  ground_bait  bait scattered on the water to attract fish
     subtype:  stool_pigeon__stoolpigeon  a dummy pigeon used to decoy others
  subtype:  billiard_marker  a device for keeping the score in a game of billiards
  subtype:  blower  a device that produces a current of air
     subtype:  hair_dryer__hand_blower__blow_dryer__blow_drier__hair_drier  a hand-held electric blower that can blow warm air onto the hair; used for styling hair
  subtype:  blowtube__blow_tube__blowpipe  a device that directs air or gas into a flame to concentrate heat
  subtype:  bootjack  has V-shaped notch for pulling off boots
  subtype:  breathalyzer__breathalyser  a device that measures chemicals (especially the alcohol content) in a person's expired breath
  subtype:  breathing_device__breathingdevice__breathingapparatu__breathing_machine__breathingmachine__ventilator  a device that facilitates breathing in cases of respiratory failure
     subtype:  aqualung__Aqua-Lung__scuba  a device (trade name Aqua-Lung) that lets divers breathe under water; scuba is acronym for Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus
     subtype:  oxygen_mask  a breathing device that is placed over the mouth and nose; supplies oxygen from an attached storage tank
     subtype:  respirator__inhalator  a breathing device for administering long-term artificial respiration
        subtype:  iron_lung  respirator that produces alternations in air pressure in a chamber surrounding a patient's chest to force air into and out of the lungs thus providing artificial respiration
     subtype:  resuscitator  a breathing apparatus used for resuscitation by forcing oxygen into the lungs of a person who has undergone asphyxia or arrest of respiration
     subtype:  snorkel  breathing device consisting of a bent tube fitting into a swimmer's mouth and extending above the surface; allows swimmer to breathe while face down in the water
  subtype:  bubbler  any of various devices in which air or some other gas is bubbled through a liquid
  subtype:  buffer.device__fender  a cushion-like device that reduces shock due to contact
  subtype:  launcher__catapult  a device that launches aircraft from a warship
  subtype:  battery_charger__charger  a device for charging or recharging batteries
  subtype:  comb  a flat device with narrow pointed teeth on one edge; disentangles or arranges hair
     subtype:  fine-toothed_comb.comb__finetoothedcomb  a comb with teeth set close together
     subtype:  pocketcomb__pocket_comb  a small comb suitable for carrying in a pocket
  subtype:  pacifier__comforter__baby's_dummy__teething_ring  device used for an infant to suck or bite on
  subtype:  conductor  a device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc.
     subtype:  busbar__bus  an electrical conductor that makes a common connection between several circuits; "the busbar in this computer can transmit data either way between any two components of the system"
     subtype:  transmission_line__cable__line  a conductor for transmitting electrical or optical signals or electric power
        subtype:  coaxial_cable__coaxialcable__coax__coax_cable  a transmission line for high-frequency signals
           subtype:  ethernet_cable  any of several types of coaxial cable used in ethernets
        subtype:  electrical_cable  a cable that provides an electrical connection for telephone or television or power stations
        subtype:  fiber_optic_cable__fiberopticcable__fibre_optic_cable__fibreopticcable  a cable made of optical fibers that can transmit large amounts of information at the speed of light
        subtype:  power_line__powerline__power_cable__powercable  cable used to distribute electricity
        subtype:  printer_cable__printercable  a cable between a computer and a printer
     subtype:  electric_cord__cord  a light insulated conductor for household use
        subtype:  extension_cord__extensioncord  an electric cord used to extend the length of a power cord
        subtype:  power_cord__powercord  a cord to conduct power to an electrical appliance
     subtype:  electrode  a conductor used to make electrical contact with some part of a circuit
        subtype:  anode  a positively charged electrode by which electrons leave an electrical device
           subtype:  plate.anode  the positively charged electrode in a vacuum tube
        subtype:  base.electrode  (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector
        subtype:  cathode  a negatively charged electrode that is the source of electrons in an electrical device
           subtype:  photocathode  a cathode that emits electrons when illuminated
        subtype:  collector.electrode  the electrode in a transistor through which a primary flow of carriers leaves the region between the electrodes
        subtype:  electron_gun  the electrode that is the source of electrons in a cathode-ray tube or electron microscope; consists of a cathode that emits a stream of electrons and the electrostatic or electromagnetic apparatus that focuses it
        subtype:  emitter  the electrode in a transistor where electrons originate
        subtype:  control_grid__controlgrid__grid  an electrode placed between the cathode and anode of a vacuum tube to control the flow of electrons through the tube
     subtype:  heat_sink  a metal conductor specially designed to conduct (and radiate) heat
     subtype:  lightning_conductor__lightning_rod__lightningrod  a metallic conductor that is attached to a high point and leads to the ground; protects the building from destruction by lightning
     subtype:  semiconductor_device__semiconductordevice__semiconductor_unit__semiconductorunit__semiconductor  a conductor made with semiconducting material
        subtype:  semiconductor_diode__semiconductordiode__diode__junction_rectifier__crystal_rectifier__crystalrectifier  a semiconductor that consists of a p-n junction
           subtype:  light-emitting_diode__LED  diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used
        subtype:  n-type_semiconductor  a semiconductor in which electrical conduction is due chiefly to the movement of electrons
        subtype:  p-type_semiconductor  a semiconductor in which electrical conduction is due chiefly to the movement of positive holes
        subtype:  thermistor__thermal_resistor__thermalresistor  a semiconductor device made of materials whose resistance varies as a function of temperature; can be used to compensate for temperature variation in other components of a circuit
        subtype:  electronic_transistor__transistor__junction_transistor  a semiconductor device capable of amplification
           subtype:  p-n-p_transistor__pnptransistor  a junction transistor having an n-type semiconductor between a p-type semiconductor that serves as an emitter and a p-type semiconductor that serves as a collector
     subtype:  electrical_shunt__shunt__bypass  a conductor having low resistance in parallel with another device to divert a fraction of the current
     subtype:  waveguide__wave_guide  a hollow metal conductor that provides a path to guide microwaves; used in radar
     subtype:  conducting_wire__wire  a metal conductor that carries electricity over a distance
        subtype:  filament  a thin wire (usually tungsten) that is heated white hot by the passage of an electric current
        subtype:  jumper_cable__jumper_lead__lead  a jumper that consists of a short piece of wire; "it was a tangle of jumper cables and clip leads"
           subtype:  clip_lead  a short piece of wire with alligator clips on both ends
        subtype:  lead-in  wire connecting an antenna to a receiver or a transmitter to a transmission line
        subtype:  patchcord  a length of wire that has a plug at each end; used to make connections at a patchboard
        subtype:  telephone_wire__telephonewire__telephone_line__telephoneline__telegraph_wire__telegraphwire__telegraph_line__telegraphline  the wire that carries telegraph and telephone signals
           subtype:  telephone_cord__telephonecord__phone_cord__phonecord  the telephone wire that connects to the handset
  subtype:  contraceptive_device__contraceptivedevice__contraceptive__preventive__preventative__prophylactic_device__birth_control_device__birthcontroldevice  an agent or device intended to prevent conception
     subtype:  cervical_cap  a contraceptive device consisting of a small thimble-shaped cup that is placed over the uterine cervix to prevent the entrance of spermatozoa
     subtype:  coil.contraceptive_device  a contraceptive device placed inside a woman's womb
     subtype:  condom__rubber__safety__safe__prophylactic  contraceptive device consisting of a thin rubber or latex sheath worn over the penis during intercourse
     subtype:  contraceptive_diaphragm__contraceptivediaphragm__diaphragm__pessary  a contraceptive device consisting of a flexible dome-shaped cup made of rubber or plastic; it is filled with spermicide and fitted over the uterine cervix
     subtype:  intrauterine_device__IUD  contraceptive device consisting of a piece of bent plastic or metal that is inserted through the vagina into the uterus
        subtype:  loop.intrauterine_device  an intrauterine device in the shape of a loop
     subtype:  morning-after_pill__morningafterpill  a large dose of estrogen taken orally within 24 to 72 hours after intercourse; prevents implantation of a fertilized ovum and so acts as a contraceptive; commonly used after rape or incest
     subtype:  oral_contraceptive_pill__pill__birth_control_pill__birthcontrolpill__contraceptive_pill__contraceptivepill__oral_contraceptive__anovulatory_drug__anovulatorydrug  a contraceptive in the form of a pill containing estrogen and progestin to inhibit ovulation and so prevent conception
        subtype:  Demulen  trade name for an oral contraceptive
        subtype:  Enovid  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing mestranol and norethynodrel
        subtype:  Loestrin  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone
        subtype:  Lo/Ovral  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norgestrel
        subtype:  Micronor  trade name for and oral contraceptive containing the progestin compound norethindrone
        subtype:  Modicon  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone
        subtype:  Norinyl  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing norethindrone and mestranol
        subtype:  Norlestrin  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone
        subtype:  Nor-Q-D  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing norethindrone
        subtype:  Ovocon  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norethindrone
        subtype:  Ovral  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing estradiol and norgestrel
        subtype:  Ovrette  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing norgestrel
        subtype:  Ovulen  trade name for an oral contraceptive containing mestranol and a progestin compound
     subtype:  spermicide__spermatocide  a contraceptive agent that kills spermatozoa
  subtype:  converter__convertor  a device for changing one substance or form or state into another
     subtype:  Bessemer_converter  a refractory-lined furnace used to convert pig iron into steel by the Bessemer process
     subtype:  catalytic_converter__catalyticconverter  a converter that uses a platinum-iridium catalyst to oxidize pollutants and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water; an antipollution device on an automotive exhaust system
     subtype:  data_converter  converter for changing information from one code to another
        subtype:  digital-analog_converter__digital-to-analog_converter  device for converting digital signals into analogue signals
        subtype:  digitizer__analog-digital_converter__analog-to-digital_converter  device for converting analogue signals into digital signals
     subtype:  electrical_converter  converter that converts alternating current into direct current or vice versa
        subtype:  inverter  an electrical converter that converts direct current into alternating current
        subtype:  power_pack__powerpack  a device for converting a power supply to a voltage required by particular equipment
        subtype:  synchronous_converter__synchronousconverter__rotary__rotary_converter  electrical converter consisting of a synchronous machine that converts alternating to direct current or vice versa
     subtype:  electronic_converter  (telecommunication) converter for converting a signal from one frequency to another
     subtype:  torque_converter  converter for transmitting and amplifying torque (especially by hydraulic means)
  subtype:  corrective__restorative  a device for treating injury or disease
     subtype:  pack.corrective  a sheet or blanket (either dry or wet) to wrap around the body for its therapeutic effect
     subtype:  face_pack__pack  a cream that cleanses and tones the skin
     subtype:  pick-me-up__pickup  anything with restorative powers; "she needed the pickup that coffee always gave her"
     subtype:  prosthesis__prosthetic_device  corrective consisting of a replacement for a part of the body
        subtype:  glass_eye__glasseye  prosthesis consisting of an artificial eye made of glass
        subtype:  implant  a prosthesis placed permanently in tissue
           subtype:  artificial_heart  a pump that replaces the natural heart
              subtype:  Jarvik_heart__Jarvik_artificial_heart  a kind of artificial heart that has been used with some success
           subtype:  artificial_joint  an metal or plastic part that is surgically implanted to replace a natural joint (possibly elbow or wrist but usually hip or knee)
           subtype:  breast_implant  an implant for cosmetic purposes to replace a breast that has been surgically removed
           subtype:  dental_implant  an implant that replaces a natural tooth
           subtype:  heart_valve  an implant that replaces a natural heart valve
           subtype:  lens_implant  a clear plastic lens implanted in the eye; usually done when the natural lens has been removed in a cataract operation
           subtype:  penile_implant  an implant that creates an artificial erection
           subtype:  shunt.implant  implant consisting of a tube made of plastic or rubber; for draining fluids within the body
        subtype:  obturator  a prosthesis used to close an opening (as to close an opening of the hard palate (usually in cases of cleft palate))
        subtype:  wooden_leg__peg__pegleg  a prosthesis that replaces a missing leg
  subtype:  crusher  a device that crushes something
  subtype:  cryptograph  a device for deciphering codes and ciphers
  subtype:  cutoff  a device that terminates the flow in a pipe
  subtype:  damper.device  a device that decreases the amplitude of electronic, mechanical, acoustical, or aerodynamic oscillations
     subtype:  damper_block__piano_damper__pianodamper  damper consisting of a small felted block that drops onto a piano string to stop its vibration
     subtype:  dash-pot  a mechanical damper; the vibrating part is attached to a piston that moves in a chamber filled with liquid
     subtype:  shock_absorber__shockabsorber__shock__cushion  a mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses
        subtype:  air_spring__airspring__air_cushion  a mechanical device using confined air to absorb the shock of motion
  subtype:  data_input_device  a device that can be used to insert data into a computer or other computational device
     subtype:  computer_keyboard  a keyboard that is a data input device for computers; arrangement of keys is modelled after the typewriter keyboard
     subtype:  joystick  a manual control consisting of a vertical handle that can move freely in two directions; used as an input device to computers or to devices controlled by computers
     subtype:  digital_scanner__scanner__imagescanner  an electronic device that generates a digital representation of a document for data input to a computer
  subtype:  deflector  a device intended to turn aside the flow of something (water or air or smoke etc)
  subtype:  dental_appliance  (dentistry) a device to repair teeth or replace missing teeth
     subtype:  biteplate  a removable dental appliance that is worn in the palate for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
     subtype:  braces__brace  an appliance that corrects dental irregularities
     subtype:  crownwork__cap  dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a tooth
     subtype:  denture__dental_plate__plate  a dental appliance that artificially replaces missing teeth
        subtype:  bridgework__bridge  a denture anchored to teeth on either side of missing teeth
        subtype:  false_teeth__falseteeth  a removable denture
     subtype:  filling.dental_appliance  (dentistry) a dental appliance consisting of any of various substances (as metal or plastic) inserted into a prepared cavity in a tooth; "an informal British term for `filling' is `stopping'"
        subtype:  inlay.filling  (dentistry) a filling consisting of a solid substance (as gold or porcelain) fitted to a cavity in a tooth and cemented into place
     subtype:  retainer  a dental appliance that holds teeth (or a prosthesis) in position after orthodontic treatment
  subtype:  depressor  a device used by physician to press a part down or aside
     subtype:  tongue_depressor  a thin depressor used to press the tongue down during an examination of the mouth and throat
  subtype:  sensor__detector__sensing_element  any device that receives a signal or stimulus (as heat or pressure or light or motion etc.) and responds to it
     subtype:  metal_detector__metaldetector  detector that gives a signal when it detects the presence of metal; used to detect the presence of stray bits of metal in food products or to find buried metal
     subtype:  mine_detector  detector consisting of an electromagnetic device; used to locate explosive mines
     subtype:  photoelectric_cell__photoelectriccell__photoconductive_cell__photoconductivecell__photocell__electric_eye__magic_eye__magiceye  a transducer used to detect and measure light and other radiations
        subtype:  selenium_cell  a photoelectric cell that uses a strip of selenium
  subtype:  diestock  a device that holds the dies that cut external threads on metal cylinders
  subtype:  drive.device  (computer science) a device that writes data onto or reads data from a storage medium
     subtype:  CD_drive  a drive that reads a compact disc and that is connected to an audio system
     subtype:  CD-ROM_drive  a drive that is connected to a computer and on which a CD-ROM can be `played'
     subtype:  disk_drive__disc_drive__hard_drive__Winchester_drive  (computer science) computer hardware that holds and spins a magnetic or optical disk and reads and writes information on it
     subtype:  external_drive  a drive with its own power supply and fan mounted outside the computer system enclosure and connected to the computer by a cable
     subtype:  internal_drive  a drive mounted inside of a computer
     subtype:  RAM_disk  (computer science) a virtual drive that is created by setting aside part of the random-access memory to use as if it were a group of sectors; "access to a RAM disk is very fast but the data it contains is lost when the system is turned off"
  subtype:  drop_forge__drop_hammer__drop_press  device for making large forgings
  subtype:  elastic_device__elasticdevice  any flexible device that will return to its original shape when stretched
     subtype:  rubber_band__elastic_band__elasticband__elastic  a narrow band of elastic rubber used to hold things (such as papers) together
     subtype:  spring  a metal elastic device that returns to its shape or position when pushed or pulled or pressed; "the spring was broken"
        subtype:  bedspring  (usually plural) one of the springs holding up the mattress of a bed
           subtype:  box_spring__boxspring  a coiled bedspring in a frame that is covered with cloth
        subtype:  coil_spring__volute_spring  a spring in the shape of a coil
        subtype:  leaf_spring  long narrow spring consisting of several layers of metal springs bracketed together
        subtype:  mainspring  the most important spring in a mechanical device (especially a clock or watch); as it uncoils it drives the mechanism
        subtype:  spiral_spring  a spring that is wound like a spiral
           subtype:  hairspring  a fine spiral spring that regulates the movement of the balance wheel in a timepiece
  subtype:  electrical_device  a device that produces or is powered by electricity
     subtype:  aerial__antenna__transmitting_aerial  an electrical device that sends or receives radio or television signals
        subtype:  dipole_antenna__dipole  an aerial half a wavelength long consisting of two rods connected to a transmission line at the center
        subtype:  directional_antenna__directionalantenna  an antenna that transmits or receives signals only in a narrow angle
           subtype:  array.directional_antenna  an arrangement of aerials spaced to give desired directional characteristics
           subtype:  dish_antenna__dish__dish_aerial__saucer  directional antenna consisting of a parabolic reflector for microwave or radio frequency radiation
              subtype:  scanner  a radar dish that rotates or oscillates in order to scan a broad area
           subtype:  yagi__Yagi_aerial  a sharply directional antenna
        subtype:  omnidirectional_antenna__omnidirectionalantenna__nondirectional_antenna  an antenna that sends or receives signals equally in all directions
           subtype:  radio_antenna__radioantenna__radio_aerial__radioaerial  omnidirectional antenna comprising the part of a radio receiver by means of which radio signals are received
           subtype:  television_antenna__tv-antenna  an omnidirectional antenna tuned to the broadcast frequencies assigned to television
              subtype:  rabbit_ears  an indoor tv antenna; 2 extendible rods forming a V
     subtype:  attenuator  an electrical device for attenuating the strength of an electrical signal
     subtype:  electric_battery__battery  a device that produces electricity; may have several primary or secondary cells arranged in parallel or series
        subtype:  A_battery  battery used to heat the filaments of a vacuum tube
        subtype:  B_battery  battery for supplying a constant positive voltage to the plate of a vacuum tube
        subtype:  C_battery  battery used to maintain the grid potential in a vacuum tube
        subtype:  voltaic_battery__galvanic_battery  battery consisting of a number of voltaic cells arranged in series or parallel
           subtype:  dry_battery__drybattery  a voltaic battery consisting of two or more dry cells
              subtype:  flashlight_battery  a small dry battery containing dry cells; used to power flashlights
           subtype:  storage_battery__storagebattery__accumulator  a voltaic battery that stores electric charge
              subtype:  lead-acid_battery__lead-acid_accumulator  a battery with lead electrodes with dilute sulphuric acid as the electrolyte; each cell generates about 2 volts
                 subtype:  car_battery__carbattery__automobile_battery  a lead-acid storage battery in a motor vehicle; usually a 12-volt battery of six cells; the heart of the car's electrical system
              subtype:  nicad__nickelcadmiumaccumulator  a rechargeable battery with a nickel cathode and a cadmium anode; often used in emergency systems because of its low discharge rate when not in use
              subtype:  nickel-iron_battery__nickel-iron_accumulator  a storage battery having a nickel oxide cathode and an iron anode with an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide; each cell gives about 1.2 volts
        subtype:  voltaic_pile__voltaicpile__galvanic_pile  battery consisting of voltaic cells arranged in series; the earliest electric battery devised by Volta
     subtype:  bimetallic_strip  a strip consisting of two metals that bends with a rise in temperature
     subtype:  brush.electrical_device  conducts current between rotating and stationary parts of a generator or motor
     subtype:  capacitor__capacitance__condenser__electrical_condenser  an electrical device characterized by its capacity to store an electric charge
        subtype:  bypass_condenser__bypass_capacitor  a capacitor that provides low impedance over certain (high) frequencies
        subtype:  electrolytic_capacitor__electrolytic__electrolytic_condenser  a fixed capacitor consisting of two electrodes separated by an electrolyte
        subtype:  Leiden_jar__Leyden_jar  an electrostatic capacitor of historical interest
        subtype:  trimming_capacitor__trimmer  capacitor having variable capacitance; used for making fine adjustments
     subtype:  electric_cell__cell  a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction
        subtype:  electrolytic_cell  a cell containing an electrolyte in which an applied voltage causes a reaction to occur that would not occur otherwise (such as the breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen)
        subtype:  fuel_cell  cell that produces electricity by oxidation of fuel (hydrogen and oxygen or zinc and air); for use in electric cars
        subtype:  solar_cell__solarcell__photovoltaic_cell  a cell that converts solar energy into electrical energy
        subtype:  storage_cell__storagecell__secondary_cell__secondarycell  a cell that can be recharged
        subtype:  voltaic_cell__voltaiccell__galvaniccell__primary_cell__primarycell  an electric cell that generates an electromotive force by an irreversible conversion of chemical to electrical energy; cannot be recharged
           subtype:  Leclanche_cell  voltaic cell that produces approximately 1.5 volts
              subtype:  dry_cell__drycell  a small Leclanche cell containing no free liquid; the electrolyte is a paste and the negative zinc pole forms the container of the cell; used in flashlights, portable radios, etc.
           subtype:  mercury_cell__mercurycell  a primary cell consisting of a zinc anode and a cathode of mercury oxide and an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide
           subtype:  standard_cell  a primary cell used as a standard of electro-motive force
              subtype:  Clark_cell__Clark_standard_cell  a form of voltaic cell once used as a standard for electromotive force
              subtype:  Weston_cell__cadmium_cell__cadmiumcell  a standard voltaic cell (trademark Weston)
           subtype:  wet_cell__wetcell  a primary voltaic cell having a liquid electrolyte
     subtype:  electrical_circuit__circuit__electric_circuit  an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow
        subtype:  bridge_circuit__bridge  a circuit consisting of two branches (4 arms arranged in a diamond configuration) across which a meter is connected
           subtype:  Wheatstone_bridge  a bridge used to measure resistances
        subtype:  bridged-T  a circuit consisting of a T-network with an additional shunt bridging the two series circuits
        subtype:  closed_circuit__loop  a complete electrical circuit around which current flows or a signal circulates
           subtype:  parallel_circuit__shunt_circuit__shuntcircuit  a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit
        subtype:  computer_circuit  (computer science) a circuit that is part of a computer
           subtype:  logic_gate__logicgate__gate  a computer circuit with several inputs but only one output that can be activated by particular combinations of inputs
              subtype:  AND_circuit__AND_gate  a circuit in a computer that fires only when all of its inputs fire
              subtype:  NAND_circuit__NAND_gate  a logic gate that produces an output that is the inverse of the output of an AND gate
              subtype:  OR_circuit__OR_gate__orgate  a gate circuit in a computer that fires when any of its inputs fire
              subtype:  X-OR_circuit__XOR_circuit__XOR_gate  gate for exclusive OR; a circuit in a computer that fires only if only one of its inputs fire
           subtype:  integrated_circuit__microcircuit  a microelectronic computer circuit incorporated into a chip of semiconductor; a whole system rather than a single component
              subtype:  silicon_chip__siliconchip__chip__microchip__micro_chip__microchip  electronic equipment consisting of a small crystal of a silicon semiconductor fabricated to carry out a number of electronic functions in an integrated circuit
                 subtype:  biochip  a microchip that uses tiny strands of DNA to latch onto and quickly recognize thousands of genes at a time; intended for use in a biological environment
                 subtype:  gene_chip__DNA_chip  a microchip that holds DNA probes that form half of the DNA double helix and can recognize DNA from samples being tested
                 subtype:  memory_chip  a RAM microchip that can be plugged into a computer to provide additional memory
                    subtype:  read-only_memory_chip  a memory chip providing read-only memory
                 subtype:  microprocessor  integrated circuit semiconductor chip that performs the bulk of the processing and controls the parts of a system; "a microprocessor functions as the central processing unit of a microcomputer"; "a disk drive contains a microprocessor to handle the internal functions of the drive"
           subtype:  interface.computer_circuit__port  (computer science) computer circuit consisting of the hardware and associated circuitry that links one device with another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other peripherals)
              subtype:  parallel_interface__parallel_port  an interface between a computer and a printer where the computer sends multiple bits of information to the printer simultaneously
              subtype:  serial_port  an interface (commonly used for modems and mice and some printers) that transmits data a bit at a time
              subtype:  small_computer_system_interface__SCSI  interface consisting of a standard port between a computer and its peripherals that is used in some computers
           subtype:  module.computer_circuit  computer circuit consisting of an assembly of electronic components (as of computer hardware)
           subtype:  printed_circuit__printedcircuit  computer circuit consisting of an electronic sub-assembly; copper conductors are laminated on an insulating board or card and circuit components are inserted into holes and dip soldered
              subtype:  circuit_board__circuitboard__circuit_card__circuitcard__board__card  a printed circuit that can be inserted into expansion slots in a computer to increase the computer's capabilities
                 subtype:  CPU_board__mother_board  the main circuit board for a computer
                 subtype:  PC_board  a removable circuit board for a personal computer; fits into a slot in the mother board
        subtype:  delay_line__delayline  a circuit designed to introduce a calculated delay into the transmission of a signal
           subtype:  acoustic_delay_line__sonic_delay_line__sonicdelayline  a delay line based on the time of propagation of sound waves
           subtype:  electromagnetic_delay_line__electromagneticdelayline  a delay line based on the time of propagation of electromagnetic waves
        subtype:  feedback_circuit__feedback_loop  a circuit that feeds back some of the output to the input of a system
           subtype:  control_circuit__controlcircuit__negative_feedback_circuit  a feedback circuit that subtracts from the input
        subtype:  flip-flop.electrical_circuit__flipflop  an electronic circuit that can assume either of two stable states
        subtype:  limiter__clipper  (electronics) a circuit whose output is limited which serves to limits the amplitude of a waveform or clip off the peaks
        subtype:  data_link__link  an interconnecting circuit between two or more locations for the purpose of transmitting and receiving data
        subtype:  open_circuit  an incomplete electrical circuit in which no current flows
        subtype:  pulse_timing_circuit  a circuit that times pulses
        subtype:  resonant_circuit__resonator  an electrical circuit that combines capacitance and inductance in such a way that a periodic electric oscillation will reach maximum amplitude
        subtype:  series_circuit  a circuit having its parts connected serially
        subtype:  squelch_circuit__squelchcircuit__squelch__squelcher  an electric circuit that cuts off a receiver when the signal becomes weaker than the noise
        subtype:  tank_circuit  an oscillatory circuit
        subtype:  T-network  a circuit formed by two equal series circuits with a shunt between them
        subtype:  wiring.electrical_circuit  a circuit of wires for the distribution of electricity
           subtype:  light_circuit__lightcircuit__lighting_circuit  wiring that provides power to electric lights
     subtype:  control_panel__controlpanel__instrument_panel__control_board__controlboard__board__panel  electrical device consisting of an insulated panel containing switches and dials and meters for controlling other electrical devices; "he checked the instrument panel"; "suddenly the board lit up like a Christmas tree"
        subtype:  dashboard  instrument panel on an automobile or airplane containing dials and controls
     subtype:  electrical_distributor__distributor__distributer  electrical device that distributes voltage to the spark plugs of a gasoline engine in the order of the firing sequence
     subtype:  electrograph  electrical device used for etching by electrolytic means
     subtype:  electrostatic_generator__electrostaticgenerator__electrostatic_machine__electrostaticmachine__Wimshurst_machine__Van_de_Graaff_generator  electrical device that produces a high voltage by building up a charge of static electricity
        subtype:  electrophorus__electrophoru  a simple electrostatic generator that generates repeated charges of static electricity
     subtype:  filter.electrical_device  n electrical device that alters the frequency spectrum of signals passing through it
     subtype:  flasher  an electrical device that automatically turns a lamp on and off (as for an advertising display)
     subtype:  electrical_fuse__fuse  electrical device that can interrupt the flow of electrical current when it is overloaded
        subtype:  cartridge_fuse__cartridgefuse  a fuse cased in a tube
        subtype:  circuit_breaker__circuitbreaker__breaker  a device that trips like a switch and opens the circuit when overloaded
        subtype:  plug_fuse  a fuse with a thread that screws into a socket
     subtype:  inductor__inductance  an electrical device that introduces inductance into a circuit
     subtype:  jack.electrical_device  an electrical device consisting of a connector socket designed for the insertion of a plug
        subtype:  telephone_jack__telephonejack__phone_jack__phonejack  a jack for plugging in a telephone
     subtype:  load.electrical_device  electrical device to which electrical power is delivered
     subtype:  male_plug__plug  an electrical device with two or three pins that is inserted in a socket to make an electrical connection
        subtype:  telephone_plug__telephoneplug__phone_plug__phoneplug  a plug for connecting a telephone
     subtype:  Cottrell_precipitator__precipitator  removes dust particles from gases by electrostatic precipitation
     subtype:  reactor  an electrical device used to introduce reactance into a circuit
        subtype:  coil  reactor consisting of a spiral of insulated wire that introduces inductance into a circuit
           subtype:  armature  coil in which voltage is induced by motion through a magnetic field
              subtype:  rotor_coil__rotorcoil__rotor  the rotating armature of a motor or generator
           subtype:  astatic_coils__astaticcoil  an arrangement of coils used in sensitive electrical instruments; the coils are arranged to give zero resultant external magnetic field when a current passes through them and to have zero electromotive force induced in them by an external magnetic field
           subtype:  choke_coil__chokecoil__choke__choking_coil__chokingcoil  a coil of low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to pass direct current and attenuate alternating current
           subtype:  field_coil__fieldcoil__field_winding__fieldwinding  the electric coil around a field magnet that produces the magneto motive force to set up the flux in an electric machine
           subtype:  induction_coil__inductioncoil  a coil for producing a high voltage from a low-voltage source
              subtype:  ignition_coil  an induction coil that converts current from a battery into the high-voltage current required by spark plugs
              subtype:  spark_coil__sparkcoil  an induction coil used to create sparks
           subtype:  primary_coil__primarycoil__primary_winding__primarywinding__primary  coil forming the part of an electrical circuit such that changing current in it induces a current in a neighboring circuit; "current through the primary coil induces current in the secondary coil"
           subtype:  read/write_head__head  (computer science) a tiny electromagnetic coil and metal pole used to write and read magnetic patterns on a disk
           subtype:  secondary_coil__secondarycoil__secondary_winding__secondarywinding__secondary  coil such that current is induced in it by passing a current through the primary coil
           subtype:  solenoid  a coil of wire around an iron core; becomes a magnet when current passes through the coil
           subtype:  tickler_coil__ticklercoil  a small coil in series with the anode of a vacuum tube and coupled to the grid to provide feedback
     subtype:  rectifier  electrical device that transforms alternating into direct current
        subtype:  demodulator  rectifier that extracts modulation from a radio carrier wave
        subtype:  full-wave_rectifier  rectifier that converts the negative half wave of an alternating current into a positive half wave
     subtype:  electrical_relay__relay  electrical device such that current flowing through it in one circuit can switch on and off a current in a second circuit
        subtype:  frame_relay
     subtype:  resistor__resistance  an electrical device that resists the flow of electrical current
        subtype:  ballast_resistor__ballastresistor__barretter  a resistor inserted into a circuit to compensate for changes (as those arising from temperature fluctuations)
        subtype:  potential_divider__potentialdivider__voltage_divider__voltagedivider  resistors connected in series across a voltage source; used to obtain a desired fraction of the voltage
           subtype:  potentiometer.potential_divider__pot  a resistor with three terminals, the third being an adjustable center terminal; used to adjust voltages in radios and TV sets
        subtype:  rheostat__variable_resistor  resistor for regulating current
           subtype:  dimmer  a rheostat that varies the current through an electric light in order to control the level of illumination
     subtype:  security_system__security_measures__security  an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in
     subtype:  solar_array__solararray__solar_battery__solarbattery__solar_panel__solarpanel  electrical device consisting of a large array of connected solar cells
     subtype:  spark_arrester__sparkarrester  electrical device to reduce sparking when electrical contacts are opened or closed
     subtype:  spark_plug__sparkplug__sparking_plug__plug  electrical device that fits into the cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine and ignites the gas by means of an electric spark
     subtype:  suppressor__suppresser  an electrical device for suppressing unwanted currents
        subtype:  surge_suppressor__surgesuppressor__surge_protector__surgeprotector__spike_suppressor__spikesuppressor__spike_arrester__spikearrester__lightning_arrester__lightningarrester  electrical device inserted in a power line to protect equipment from sudden fluctuations in current
     subtype:  transducer  an electrical device that converts one form of energy into another
        subtype:  electro-acoustic_transducer  a transducer that converts electrical to acoustic energy or vice versa
           subtype:  cartridge.electro-acoustic_transducer__pickup  an electro-acoustic transducer that is the part of the arm of a record player that holds the needle and that is removable
              subtype:  crystal_pickup__crystalpickup  a cartridge in which an output voltage is produced by the vibration of a piezoelectric crystal
           subtype:  earphone__earpiece__headphone__phone  electro-acoustic transducer for converting electric signals into sounds; it is held over or inserted into the ear; "it was not the typing but the earphones that she disliked"
              subtype:  telephone_receiver__telephonereceiver__receiver  earphone that converts electrical signals into sounds
                 subtype:  headset  receiver consisting of a pair of headphones
           subtype:  loudspeaker_system__loudspeakersystem__loudspeaker__speaker__speaker_unit__speakerunit__speaker_system__speakersystem  electro-acoustic transducer that converts electrical signals into sounds loud enough to be heard at a distance
              subtype:  bullhorn__loud-hailer  a portable loudspeaker with built-in microphone and amplifier
              subtype:  squawk_box__squawker__intercom_speaker  the loudspeaker on an inter-com or public address system
              subtype:  tannoy  (British) a loudspeaker
              subtype:  tweeter  a loudspeaker that reproduces higher audio frequency sounds; "the sound system had both tweeters and woofers"
              subtype:  woofer  a loudspeaker that reproduces lower audio frequency sounds
           subtype:  microphone__mike  device for converting sound waves into electrical energy
              subtype:  bug.microphone  a small hidden microphone; for listening secretly
              subtype:  condenser_microphone__condensermicrophone__capacitor_microphone__capacitormicrophone  microphone consisting of a capacitor with one plate fixed and the other forming the diaphragm moved by sound waves
              subtype:  crystal_microphone__crystalmicrophone  a microphone in which sound waves vibrate a piezoelectric crystal that generates a varying voltage
        subtype:  mosaic.transducer  transducer formed by the light-sensitive surface on a television camera tube
        subtype:  photoelectric_cell__photoelectriccell__photoconductive_cell__photoconductivecell__photocell__electric_eye__magic_eye__magiceye  a transducer used to detect and measure light and other radiations
     subtype:  transformer  an electrical device by which alternating current of one voltage is changed to another voltage
        subtype:  coil.transformer  a transformer that supplies high voltage to spark plugs in a gasoline engine
        subtype:  step-down_transformer  a transformer that reduces voltage
        subtype:  step-up_transformer  a transformer that increases voltage
           subtype:  cascade_transformer  a number of transformers in series; provides a high-voltage source
        subtype:  Tesla_coil  a step-up transformer with an air core; used to produce high voltages at high frequencies
        subtype:  voltage_regulator__voltageregulator  a transformer whose voltage ratio of transformation can be adjusted
     subtype:  transponder  electrical device designed to receive a specific signal and automatically transmit a specific reply
     subtype:  zapper  an electrical device that can injure or kill by means of electric currents; "a bug zapper"
  subtype:  electronic_device  a device that accomplishes its purpose electronically
     subtype:  answering_machine__answeringmachine  an electronic device that answers the telephone and records messages
     subtype:  beeper__pager  an electronic device that generates a series of beeps when the person carrying it is being paged
     subtype:  defibrillator  an electronic device that administers an electric shock of preset voltage to the heart through the chest wall in an attempt to restore the normal rhythm of the heart during ventricular fibrillation
     subtype:  display.electronic_device  an electronic device that represents information in visual form
        subtype:  caller_ID  a small display that will show you the telephone number of the party calling you
        subtype:  digital_display__digitaldisplay__alphanumeric_display  a display that gives the information in the form of characters (numbers or letters)
           subtype:  liquid_crystal_display__LCD  a digital display that uses liquid crystal cells that change reflectivity in an applied electric field; used for portable computer displays and watches etc.
              subtype:  active_matrix_screen  a type of LCD screen used for some portable computers; there is a separate circuit for each pixel
              subtype:  passive_matrix_display  a type of LCD screen used for some portable computers; parallel wires run both vertically and horizontally and pixels are turned on when the wires intersecting at that pixel are both energized; "passive matrix displays are generally inferior to active matrix displays"
                 subtype:  dual_scan_display  a type of passive matrix display in which the top and bottom half of the screen are refreshed simultaneously
        subtype:  display_panel__displaypanel__display_board__displayboard__board  a board on which information can be displayed to public view
           subtype:  big_board__bigboard  the large display board at the New York Stock Exchange that reports on stocks traded on the exchange
        subtype:  monitoring_device__monitor  display consisting of a device that takes signals from a computer and displays them on a CRT screen
        subtype:  CRT_screen__screen  display on the surface of the large end of a cathode-ray tube on which is electronically created
           subtype:  screen_background__background__desktop  (computer science) the area of the screen in graphical user interfaces against which icons and windows appear
           subtype:  computer_screen__computer_display  a screen used to display the output of a computer to the user
        subtype:  window.display  (computer science) a rectangular part of a computer screen that contains a display different from the rest of the screen
           subtype:  dialog_box__panel  (computer science) a small temporary window in a graphical user interface that appears in order to request information from the user; after the information has been provided the user dismisses the box with `okay' or `cancel'
           subtype:  foreground.window  (computer science) a window for an active application
     subtype:  display_adapter__displayadapter__display_adaptor__displayadaptor  (computer science) an electronic device that converts information in memory to video output to a display
     subtype:  dongle  (computer science) an electronic device that must be attached to a computer in order for it to use protected software
     subtype:  generator.electronic_device  an electronic device for producing a signal voltage
        subtype:  oscillator  generator that produces sonic oscillations or alternating current
           subtype:  crystal_oscillator__crystaloscillator__quartz_oscillator  an oscillator that produces electrical oscillations at a frequency determined by the physical characteristics of a piezoelectric quartz crystal
           subtype:  local_oscillator__localoscillator__heterodyne_oscillator  an oscillator whose output heterodynes with the incoming radio signal to produce sum and difference tones
        subtype:  pulse_generator__pulsegenerator  a generator of single or multiple voltage pulses; usually adjustable for pulse rate
           subtype:  pinger  a pulse generator used for echo sounding in sonar
     subtype:  hearing_aid__hearingaid__deaf-aid  an electronic device that amplifies sound and is worn to compensate for poor hearing
     subtype:  logic_element__logicelement  an electronic device that performs an elementary logic operation
        subtype:  threshold_element__thresholdelement__threshold_gate__thresholdgate  a logic element that performs a threshold operation
     subtype:  mouse.electronic_device  a hand-operated electronic device that moves the cursor on a computer screen
     subtype:  multiplexer  a device that can interleave two or more activities
        subtype:  data_multiplexer  a multiplexer that permits two or more data sources to share a common transmission medium
        subtype:  WDM  wave length division multiplexer
     subtype:  artificial_pacemaker__pacemaker  an implanted electronic device that takes over the function of the natural cardiac pacemaker
     subtype:  repeater  (electrical engineering) electronic device that amplifies a signal before transmitting it again; "repeaters can be used in computer networks to extend cabling distances"
     subtype:  digital_scanner__scanner__imagescanner  an electronic device that generates a digital representation of a document for data input to a computer
     subtype:  system_clock  an electronic device in a computer that issues a steady high-frequency signal that synchronizes all the internal components
     subtype:  thermionic_vacuum_tube__tube__vacuum_tube__thermionic_tube__electron_tube__thermionic_valve  electronic device consisting of a system of electrodes arranged in an evacuated glass or metal envelope
        subtype:  acorn_tube__acorntube  a small vacuum tube; used at high frequencies
        subtype:  diode__rectifying_tube__rectifying_valve  a thermionic tube having two electrodes; used as a rectifier
        subtype:  electron_multiplier  a vacuum tube that amplifies a flow of electrons
        subtype:  gas-discharge_tube__gasdischargetube  a tube in which an electric discharge takes place through a gas
           subtype:  cathode-ray_tube__cathoderaytube__CRT  a vacuum tube in which a hot cathode emits a beam of electrons that pass through a high voltage anode and are focused or deflected before hitting a phosphorescent screen
              subtype:  Crookes_tube  the original gas-discharge cathode-ray tube
              subtype:  kinescope__picture_tube__picturetube__television_tube  a cathode-ray tube in a television receiver; translates the received signal into a picture on a luminescent screen
                 subtype:  color_tube__colortube__colour_tube__color_television_tube__colour_television_tube__color_TV_tube__colour_TV_tube  a television tube that displays images in full color
                    subtype:  tricolor_television_tube__tricolour_television_tube__tricolor_tube__tricolour_tube__tricolourtube  a color television tube in which three primary colors are combined to give the full range of colors
           subtype:  glow_lamp__glow_tube  a gas-discharge tube consisting of a cold cathode and a diode in a tube filled with gas; the color of the glow depends on the particular gas
        subtype:  klystron  an electron tube used to generate or amplify electromagnetic radiation in the microwave region by velocity modulation
        subtype:  magnetron  a diode vacuum tube in which the flow of electrons from a central cathode to a cylindrical anode is controlled by crossed magnetic and electric fields; used mainly in microwave oscillators
        subtype:  pentode  a thermionic tube having five electrodes
        subtype:  television-camera_tube__television_pickup_tube  a tube that rapidly scans an optical image and converts it into electronic signals
           subtype:  iconoscope  the first practical television-camera for picture pickup; invented in 1923 by Vladimir Kosma Zworykin
           subtype:  image_orthicon__imageorthicon__orthicon  a now obsolete picture pickup tube in a television camera; electrons emitted from a photoemissive surface in proportion to the intensity of the incident light are focused onto the target causing secondary emission of electrons
        subtype:  tetrode  a thermionic tube having four electrodes
        subtype:  triode  a thermionic vacuum tube having three electrodes; fluctuations of the charge on the grid control the flow from cathode to anode which making amplification possible
        subtype:  X-ray_tube  a vacuum tube containing a metal target onto which a beam of electrons is directed at high energy for the generation of X rays
     subtype:  subscriber_line
        subtype:  ADSL  asynchronous subscriber line, assymetric digital subscriber line
        subtype:  DSL  digital subscriber line, HDSL, VDSL
  subtype:  energizer__energiser  a device that supplies electrical energy
  subtype:  exercise_device  a device designed to provide exercise for the user
     subtype:  exercise_bike__exercycle  an exercise device resembling a stationary bike
     subtype:  treadmill  an exercise device consisting of an endless belt on which a person can walk or jog without changing place
  subtype:  explosive_device__explosivedevice  device that bursts with sudden violence from internal energy
     subtype:  bomb  an explosive device fused to denote under specific conditions
        subtype:  blockbuster  a large bomb used to demolish extensive areas
        subtype:  bombshell  an explosive bomb or artillery shell
        subtype:  car_bomb__carbomb  a bomb placed in a car and wired to explode when the ignition is started or by remote control or by a timing device
        subtype:  cluster_bomb__clusterbomb  bomb consisting of a canister that is dropped from a plane and that opens to release a cluster of fragmentation bombs over a wide area
        subtype:  cruise_missile  an unmanned aircraft that is a self-contained bomb
        subtype:  depth_charge__depthcharge__depth_bomb__depthbomb  a bomb that explodes at a pre-set depth under water; anti-submarine device
        subtype:  firebomb  a bomb with incendiary effects
        subtype:  fragmentation_bomb__fragmentationbomb__antipersonnel_bomb__antipersonnelbomb  a bomb designed to break into many small high-velocity fragments
        subtype:  gas_bomb__gasbomb__gasshell  (military) bomb consisting of an explosive projectile filled with a toxic gas that is released when the bomb explodes
        subtype:  grenade  a small explosive bomb thrown by hand or fired from a missile
           subtype:  hand_grenade  a grenade designed to be thrown by hand
           subtype:  rifle_grenade__riflegrenade  a grenade that is thrown from a launching device attached to the barrel of a rifle
        subtype:  incendiary_bomb__incendiary  a bomb that is designed to start fires
        subtype:  Molotov_cocktail__petrol_bomb__gasoline_bomb  a crude incendiary bomb made of a bottle filled with flammable liquid and fitted with a rag wick
        subtype:  pipe_bomb  a small homemade bomb usually contained in a metal pipe
        subtype:  plastic_bomb__plasticbomb  a bomb made of plastic explosive
        subtype:  smoke_bomb__smokebomb__smoke_grenade__smokegrenade  a bomb that gives off thick smoke when it explodes; used to make a smoke screen or to mark a position
        subtype:  stink_bomb__stinkbomb__stench_bomb  a small bomb designed to give off a foul odor when it explodes
        subtype:  time_bomb__infernal_machine  a bomb that has a detonating mechanism that can be set to go off at a particular time
     subtype:  detonator__detonating_device__cap  a mechanical or electrical explosive device or a small amount of explosive; can be used to fire an explosive charge
        subtype:  blasting_cap  a small tube filled with detonating substances; used to detonate high explosives
        subtype:  percussion_cap  a detonator that explodes when struck
     subtype:  firework__pyrotechnics  (usually plural) an explosive device that burns with colored flames
        subtype:  Catherine_wheel__catherine_wheel__catherinewheel__pinwheel  circular-shaped firework; spins round and round
        subtype:  firecracker__cracker  firework consisting of a small explosive charge and fuse in a heavy paper casing
           subtype:  cannon_cracker  a large firecracker
           subtype:  cherry_bomb  a red ball-shaped firecracker with high explosive power
           subtype:  whizbang__whizzbang  a firecracker that (like the whizbang shell) makes a whizzing sound followed by a loud explosion
        subtype:  fizgig  a firework that fizzes as it moves
        subtype:  maroon  an exploding firework used as a warning signal
        subtype:  Roman_candle__roman_candle__romancandle  a cylindrical firework that projects a series of colored balls of fire
        subtype:  serpent.firework  a firework that moves in serpentine manner when ignited
        subtype:  skyrocket__rocket  sends a firework display high into the sky
        subtype:  sparkler  a firework that burns slowly and throws out a shower of sparks
        subtype:  squib  firework consisting of a tube filled with powder (as a broken firecracker) that burns with a fizzing noise
     subtype:  mine.explosive_device  explosive device that explodes on contact; designed to destroy vehicles or ships or to kill or maim personnel
        subtype:  floating_mine__marine_mine  an explosive mine designed to destroy ships that bump into it
           subtype:  magnetic_mine  a marine mine that is detonated by a mechanism that responds to magnetic material (as the steel hull of a ship)
        subtype:  land_mine__ground-emplaced_mine__booby_trap__boobytrap  an explosive mine hidden underground; explodes when stepped on or driven over
           subtype:  bouncing_betty  an anti-personnel land mine
           subtype:  claymore_mine__claymore  an anti-personnel land mine whose blast is aimed at the oncoming enemy
     subtype:  petard  a explosive device used to break down a gate or wall
  subtype:  fan  a device for creating a current of air by movement of a surface or surfaces
     subtype:  electric_fan__blower  a fan run by an electric motor
     subtype:  exhaust_fan__exhaustfan  a fan that moves air out of an enclosure
        subtype:  attic_fan__atticfan  a fan that blows hot air out of the attic of a building
     subtype:  punkah  a large fan consisting of a frame covered with canvas that is suspended from the ceiling; used in India for circulating air in a room
  subtype:  filter  device that removes something from whatever passes through it
     subtype:  air_filter__airfilter__aircleaner  removes dust from air that passes through it
        subtype:  filter_tip  an air filter on the end of a cigarette; contains material that filters the smoke
     subtype:  bacteria_bed  layer of sand or gravel used to expose sewage effluent to air and the action of microorganisms
     subtype:  coffee_filter  filter (usually of paper) that passes the coffee and retains the coffee grounds
     subtype:  drain_basket__drainbasket  a filter in a sink drain; traps debris but passes water
     subtype:  filter_bed  filter consisting of a layer of sand or gravel for filtering water
     subtype:  fuel_filter  a filter in the fuel line that screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel
     subtype:  light_filter__lightfilter__diffusing_screen__diffusingscreen  a transparent filter that reduces the light (or some wavelengths of the light) passing through it
     subtype:  oil_filter__oilfilter  a filter that removes impurities from the oil used to lubricate an internal-combustion engine
     subtype:  strainer  a filter to retain larger pieces while smaller pieces and liquids pass through
        subtype:  colander__cullender  bowl-shaped strainer; used to wash or drain foods
        subtype:  sieve__screen  a strainer for separating lumps from powdered material or grading particles
           subtype:  riddle  a coarse sieve (as for gravel)
           subtype:  sifter  a household sieve (as for flour)
        subtype:  tea-strainer__teastrainer  a device to keep back tea leaves when pouring a cup of tea
     subtype:  water_filter__waterfilter  a filter to remove impurities from the water supply
     subtype:  glass_wool__glasswool  glass fibers spun and massed into bundles resembling wool
     subtype:  diatomaceous_earth__diatomite__kieselguhr  a light soil consisting of siliceous diatom remains and often used as a filtering material
  subtype:  fire_extinguisher__extinguisher__asphyxiator  a manually operated device for extinguishing small fires
  subtype:  gas_fixture__gasfixture  a device to convey illuminating gas from the pipe to the gas burner
  subtype:  groover  a device that makes grooves by cutting or punching
  subtype:  guard.device__safety  a device designed to prevent injury
     subtype:  fender  a low metal guard to confine falling coals to a hearth
     subtype:  safety_catch__safety_lock  guard consisting of a locking device that prevents a weapon from being fired
  subtype:  heater__warmer  device that heats water or supplies warmth to a room
     subtype:  brazier__brasier  large metal container in which coal or charcoal is burned; warms people who must stay outside for long times
        subtype:  hibachi  a portable brazier that burns charcoal and has a grill for cooking
     subtype:  convector  a space heater that transfers heat to the surrounding air by convection
     subtype:  defroster__deicer  heater that removes ice or frost (as from a windshield or a refrigerator or the wings of an airplane)
     subtype:  demister  heater that removes mist from the windshield of a car
     subtype:  gas_heater__gasheater  a heater that burns gas for heat
     subtype:  heating_pad__heatingpad__hot_pad__hotpad  heater consisting of electrical heating elements contained in a flexible pad
     subtype:  oil_heater__oilheater__oilstove__kerosene_heater__kerosine_heater  heater that burns oil (as kerosine) for heating or cooking
     subtype:  radiator.heater  heater consisting of a series of pipes for circulating steam or hot water to heat rooms or buildings
     subtype:  solar_heater__solarheater  a heater that makes direct use of solar energy
     subtype:  space_heater__spaceheater  heater consisting of a self-contained (usually portable) unit to warm a room
        subtype:  electric_heater__electric_fire  a small electric space heater
           subtype:  heat_lamp__infrared_lamp  electric heater consisting of a high-power incandescent lamp that emits infrared radiation; "the bathroom could be warmed by an infrared lamp"
     subtype:  stove  any heating apparatus
     subtype:  hot-water_heater__hotwaterheater__water_heater__waterheater  a heater and storage tank for the heated water
        subtype:  water_back__waterback  water heater consisting of a tank or pipes set at the back of a fireplace or in the firebox of a stove
  subtype:  heat_exchanger  device that transfers heat from one liquid to another without allowing them to mix
  subtype:  holding_device__holdingdevice  a device for holding something
     subtype:  chuck  a holding device consisting of adjustable jaws that center a workpiece in a lathe or center a tool in a drill
        subtype:  collet_chuck__collet  a cone-shaped chuck used for holding cylindrical pieces in a lathe
     subtype:  clamp  a device (used by carpenters) that holds things firmly together
        subtype:  bench_clamp__benchclamp  a clamp used to hold work in place on a workbench
        subtype:  C-clamp  a clamp in the shape of a C
        subtype:  cramp  a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued
        subtype:  pipe_vise__pipe_clamp  a clamp for holding pipe that is to be cut or threaded
        subtype:  press.clamp__pres  clamp to prevent wooden rackets from warping when not in use
     subtype:  holder  a holding device; "a towel holder"
        subtype:  candlestick__candleholder  a holder with sockets for candles
           subtype:  candelabrum  branched candlestick; ornamental; has several lights
              subtype:  menorah  (Judaism) a candelabrum with nine branches; used during the Hanukkah festival
              subtype:  Menorah  (Judaism) a candelabrum with seven branches used in ceremonies to symbolize the seven days of creation
           subtype:  girandole__girandola  an ornate candle holder; often with a mirror
           subtype:  sconce  a candlestick with a flat side to be hung on the wall
        subtype:  keyboard.holder  holder consisting of an arrangement of hooks on which keys or locks can be hung
        subtype:  thole__peg__tholepin__rowlock__oarlock  a holder attached to the gunwale of a boat that holds the oar in place and acts as a fulcrum for rowing
        subtype:  zarf  (Middle East) an ornamental metal cup-shaped holder for a hot coffee cup
     subtype:  jaws  holding device consisting of one or both of the opposing parts of a tool that close to hold an object
     subtype:  shoemaker's_last__shoemaker'slast__last__cobbler's_last__cobbler'slast  holding device shaped like a human foot that is used to fashion or repair shoes
     subtype:  spike.holding_device  any holding device consisting of a long sharp-pointed object
     subtype:  bench_vise__benchvise__vise  a holding device attached to a workbench; has two jaws to hold workpiece firmly in place
        subtype:  machinist's_vise__machinist'svise__metalworking_vise  a vise with two parallel iron jaws and a wide opening below
        subtype:  wood_vise__woodworking_vise__woodworkingvise__shoulder_vise  a vise with jaws that are padded in order to hold lumber without denting it
  subtype:  hydrofoil__foil  a device consisting of a flat or curved piece (as a metal plate) so that its surface reacts to the water it is passing through; "the fins of a fish act as hydrofoils"
  subtype:  imprint.device  a device produced by pressure on a surface
     subtype:  impression.imprint  (dentistry) an imprint of the teeth and gums in wax or plaster; "the dentist made an impression for use in preparing an inlay"
  subtype:  indicator  a device for showing the operating condition of some system
     subtype:  air_sock__airsock__air_sleeve__airsleeve__wind_sock__wind_sleeve  truncated cloth cone used to indicate wind direction
     subtype:  annunciator  an indicator that indicates which electrical circuit has been active
     subtype:  cursor__pointer  (computer science) indicator consisting of a movable spot of light (an icon) on a visual display; moving the cursor allows the user to point to commands or screen positions
     subtype:  dial.indicator  the circular graduated indicator on various measuring instruments
     subtype:  fuel_gauge__fuel_indicator  an indicator of the amount of fuel remaining in a vehicle
     subtype:  gnomon  indicator provided by the stationary arm whose shadow indicates the time on the sundial
     subtype:  spirit_level__level  indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid
        subtype:  mason's_level__mason'slevel  a level longer than a carpenter's level
     subtype:  pilot_light__pilot_lamp__pilotlamp__indicator_lamp__indicatorlamp  indicator consisting of a light to indicate whether power is on or a motor is in operation
     subtype:  pointer  an indicator as on a dial
        subtype:  hand  a rotating pointer on the face of a timepiece; "the big hand counts the minutes"
           subtype:  hour_hand__little_hand  the shorter hand of a clock that points to the hours
           subtype:  minute_hand__big_hand__bighand  points to the minutes
           subtype:  second_hand.hand__secondhand  hand marking seconds on a timepiece
              subtype:  sweep_hand__sweephand__sweepsecond  a second hand that is mounted on the same center as the hour and minute hand and is read on the minutes
        subtype:  light_pen__electronic_stylus  (computer science) a pointer that when pointed at a computer display senses whether or not the spot is illuminated
        subtype:  needle.pointer  a slender pointer for indicating the reading on the scale of a measuring instrument
     subtype:  scale.indicator  an indicator having a graduated sequence of marks
        subtype:  vernier_scale__vernierscale__vernier  a small movable scale that slides along a main scale; the small scale is calibrated to indicate fractional divisions of the main scale
     subtype:  test_paper  paper impregnated with an indicator for use in chemical tests
     subtype:  tidemark  indicator consisting of a line at the high-water or low-water limits of the tides
  subtype:  instrument  a device that requires skill for proper use
     subtype:  analyzer__analyser  an instrument that performs analyses
     subtype:  cautery__cauterant  an instrument or substance used to destroy tissue for medical reasons (eg removal of a wart) by burning it with a hot iron or an electric current or a caustic or by freezing it
        subtype:  cryocautery.cautery  an instrument for destroying tissue by freezing it
        subtype:  searing_iron__searingiron  a hot iron used to destroy tissue
     subtype:  drafting_instrument  an instrument used by a draftsman in making drawings
        subtype:  compass.drafting_instrument__compas  drafting instrument used for drawing circles
        subtype:  dividers  a drafting instrument resembling a compass that is used for dividing lines into equal segments or for transferring measurements
        subtype:  protractor  drafting instrument used to draw or measure angles
        subtype:  triangle.drafting_instrument  any of various triangular drafting instruments used to draw straight lines at specified angles
        subtype:  T-square  a square used by draftsmen to draw parallel lines
     subtype:  extractor  an instrument for extracting tight-fitting components
        subtype:  forceps  an extractor consisting of a pair of pincers used in medical treatment (especially for the delivery of babies)
           subtype:  lion-jaw_forceps  a type of forceps
           subtype:  mouse-tooth_forceps__mousetoothforcep  a type of forceps
     subtype:  instrument_of_execution  an instrument designed and used to take the life of a condemned person
        subtype:  electric_chair__chair__deathchair__hot_seat__hotseat  an instrument of execution by electrocution; resembles a chair
        subtype:  gallows__gallow__gallowstree__gibbet__gallous__gallou  instrument of execution consisting of a wooden frame from which condemned persons are executed by hanging
        subtype:  garrote__garotte__garrotte__iron_collar  an instrument of execution for execution by strangulation
        subtype:  gas_chamber__death_chamber__deathchamber  instrument of execution consisting of a sealed chamber into which poison gas is introduced; used to kill people or animals
        subtype:  guillotine  instrument of execution that consists of a weighted blade between two vertical poles; used for beheading people
        subtype:  stake  instrument of execution consisting of a vertical post that a victim is tied to for burning
     subtype:  instrument_of_punishment  an instrument designed and used to punish a condemned person
        subtype:  cangue  an instrument of punishment formerly used in China for petty criminals; consists of a heavy wooden collar enclosing the neck and arms
        subtype:  cucking_stool__cuckingstool__ducking_stool__duckingstool  an instrument of punishment consisting of a chair in which offenders were ducked in water
        subtype:  instrument_of_torture  an instrument of punishment designed and used to inflict torture on the condemned person
           subtype:  iron_boot__boot__iron_heel  an instrument of torture that is used to crush the foot and leg
           subtype:  iron_maiden  instrument of torture consisting of a hollow iron frame shaped like the human body and lined with spikes to impale the victim
           subtype:  rack.instrument_of_torture__wheel  an instrument of torture that stretches or disjoints or mutilates victims
           subtype:  thumbscrew.instrument_of_torture  instrument of torture that crushes the thumb
        subtype:  paddle  an instrument of punishment consisting of a flat board
        subtype:  pillory__stock  a wooden instrument of punishment on a post with holes for the neck and hands; offenders were locked in and so exposed to public scorn
        subtype:  switch.instrument_of_punishment  a flexible implement used as an instrument of punishment
           subtype:  birch_rod__birchrod__birch  bundle of birch twigs used to hit people as punishment
           subtype:  cane.switch  a stiff switch used to hit students as punishment
           subtype:  ferule  a switch (a stick or cane or flat paddle) used to punish children
           subtype:  rattan__ratan  a switch made from the stems of the rattan palms
     subtype:  measuring_instrument__measuringinstrument__measuring_system__measuringsystem__measuring_device__measuringdevice  instrument that shows the extent or amount or quantity or degree of something
        subtype:  accelerometer  an instrument for measuring the acceleration of aircraft or rockets
        subtype:  actinometer  an instrument for measuring the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (usually by the photochemical effect)
        subtype:  algometer  device for measuring pain caused by pressure
        subtype:  altazimuth  an instrument that measures the altitude and azimuth of celestial bodies; used in navigation
        subtype:  altimeter  an instrument that measures the height above ground; used in navigation
           subtype:  hypsometer  an altimeter that uses the boiling point of water to determine land elevation
        subtype:  astrolabe  an early form of sextant
        subtype:  atmometer__evaporometer  an instrument that measures rate of evaporation of water
        subtype:  audiometer  an instrument used to measure the sensitivity of hearing
        subtype:  barometer  an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
           subtype:  aneroid_barometer__aneroidbarometer__aneroid  a barometer that measures pressure without using fluids
           subtype:  barograph  a recording barometer; automatically records on paper the variations in atmospheric pressure
           subtype:  mercury_barometer__mercurybarometer  barometer that shows pressure by the height of a column of mercury
           subtype:  weatherglass  a simple barometer for indicating changes in atmospheric pressure
        subtype:  bolometer  an instrument that measures heat radiation; extremely sensitive
        subtype:  bubble_chamber  an instrument that records the tracks of ionizing particles
        subtype:  burette  measuring instrument consisting of a graduated glass tube with a tap at the bottom; used for titration
        subtype:  caliper__calipers__calliper__callipers__calliper  an instrument for measuring the distance between two points
           subtype:  inside_caliper  caliper for measuring inside dimensions (the size of a cavity or hole); points on its legs curve outward
           subtype:  micrometer_caliper__micrometer__micrometer_gauge  caliper for measuring small distances
           subtype:  odd-leg_caliper__oddlegcaliper  caliper having the points on its legs both curve in the same direction
           subtype:  outside_caliper__outsidecaliper  caliper for measuring outside dimensions; points on its legs curve inward
           subtype:  vernier_caliper__vernier_micrometer__verniermicrometer  a caliper with a vernier scale for very fine measurements
        subtype:  calorimeter  a measuring instrument that determines quantities of heat
           subtype:  bomb_calorimeter__bomb  strong sealed vessel for measuring heat of combustion
        subtype:  chronoscope  an instrument for accurate measurements of small intervals of time
           subtype:  time-delay_measuring_instrument__time-delay_measuring_system  chronoscope for measuring the time difference between two events
        subtype:  colorimeter__tintometer  a measuring instrument used in colorimetric analysis to determine the quantity of a substance from the color it yields with specific reagents
        subtype:  counter_tube__countertube  a measuring instrument for counting individual ionizing events
           subtype:  crystal_counter__crystalcounter  a counter tube in which an ionizing event increases conductivity
           subtype:  Geiger_counter__Geiger-Muller_counter  counter tube that detects ionizing radiations
           subtype:  proportional_counter_tube__proportional_counter  counter tube whose output pulse is proportional to number of ions produced
              subtype:  boron_counter_tube__boroncountertube  a proportional counter tube for counting neutrons
           subtype:  scintillation_counter__scintillationcounter  counter tube in which light flashes when exposed to ionizing radiation
        subtype:  craniometer  an instrument for measuring skull sizes
        subtype:  cryoscope  a measuring instrument for measuring freezing and melting points
        subtype:  transit_declinometer__transitdeclinometer__declinometer  an instrument for measuring magnetic declination
        subtype:  densimeter__densitometer  a measuring instrument for determining density or specific gravity
           subtype:  dasymeter  densimeter consisting of a thin glass globe that is weighed in a gas to determine its density
        subtype:  densitometer  a measuring instrument for determining optical or photographic density
           subtype:  microphotometer  special kind of densitometer that measures density variations over a very small area
        subtype:  dosemeter__dosimeter  a measuring instrument for measuring doses of ionizing radiation (X-rays or radioactivity)
        subtype:  dynamometer  measuring instrument designed to measure power
        subtype:  electrodynamometer  measuring instrument that uses the interaction of the magnetic fields of two coils to measure current or voltage or power
        subtype:  electroscope  measuring instrument that detects electric charge; two gold leaves diverge owing to repulsion of charges with like sign
        subtype:  eudiometer  measuring instrument consisting of a graduated glass tube for measuring volume changes in chemical reactions between gases
        subtype:  gauge__gage  a measuring instrument for measuring and indicating a quantity or for testing conformity with a standard
           subtype:  anemometer__wind_gauge  a gauge for recording the speed and direction of wind
           subtype:  depth_gauge__depthgauge  a gauge for measuring the depth of grooves or holes or other concavities
           subtype:  dipstick  a graduated rod dipped into a container to indicate the fluid level
           subtype:  gasoline_gauge__gas_gauge__gasgauge  gauge that indicates the amount of gasoline left in the gasoline tank of a vehicle
           subtype:  pressure_gauge  gauge for measuring and indicating fluid pressure
              subtype:  manometer  a pressure gauge for comparing pressures of a gas
                 subtype:  tensimeter  a manometer for measuring vapor pressure
              subtype:  sphygmomanometer  a pressure gauge for measuring blood pressure
           subtype:  rain_gauge  gauge consisting of an instrument to measure the quantity of precipitation
           subtype:  strain_gauge  an gauge for measuring strain in a surface
           subtype:  surface_gauge__surfacegauge__scribing_block  gauge consisting of a scriber mounted on an adjustable stand; used to test the accuracy of plane surfaces
           subtype:  vacuum_gauge  a gauge for indicating negative atmospheric pressure
           subtype:  water_gauge__watergauge__water_gage__watergage__waterglas  gauge for indicating the level of water in e.g. a tank or boiler or reservoir
              subtype:  water_level.water_gauge  a water gauge that shows the level by showing the surface of the water in a trough or U-shaped tube
           subtype:  wire_gauge  gauge for measuring the diameter of wire
        subtype:  graduate  a measuring instrument for measuring fluid volume; a glass container (cup or cylinder or flask) whose sides are marked with or divided into amounts
           subtype:  graduated_cylinder__graduatedcylinder  a cylindrical graduate
        subtype:  gravimeter__gravity_meter__gravitymeter  a measuring instrument for measuring variations in the gravitational field of the earth
        subtype:  hematocrit__haematocrit  a measuring instrument to determine (usually by centrifugation) the relative amounts of corpuscles and plasma in the blood
        subtype:  hydrometer__gravimeter  a measuring instrument for determining the specific gravity of a liquid or solid
           subtype:  salinometer  a hydrometer that determines the concentration of salt solutions by measuring their density
           subtype:  thermohydrometer__thermogravimeter  a hydrometer that includes a thermometer
        subtype:  hygrometer  measuring instrument for measuring the relative humidity of the atmosphere
           subtype:  hygrodeik  a wet and dry bulb hygrometer
           subtype:  hygroscope  hygrometer that shows variations in the relative humidity of the atmosphere
           subtype:  psychrometer  a hygrometer consisting of a dry-bulb thermometer and a wet-bulb thermometer; their difference indicates the dryness of the surrounding air
        subtype:  dip_circle__dipcircle__inclinometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the angle of magnetic dip (as from an airplane)
        subtype:  integrator__planimeter  a measuring instrument for measuring the area of an irregular plane figure
        subtype:  interferometer  any measuring instrument that uses interference patterns to make accurate measurements of waves
        subtype:  ionization_chamber__ionization_tube  a measuring instrument that measures the amount of ionizing radiation
           subtype:  boron_chamber__boronchamber  an ionization chamber lined with boron or filled with boron trifluoride gas for counting low velocity neutrons
           subtype:  Geiger_tube__Geiger-Muller_tube  an ionization chamber contained in a tube in a Geiger counter
        subtype:  katharometer  measures thermal conductivity
        subtype:  Kundt's_tube  a measuring instrument used to measure the speed of sound
        subtype:  log.measuring_instrument  measuring instrument that consists of a float that trails from a ship by a knotted line in order to measure the ship's speed through the water
           subtype:  harpoon_log__harpoonlog  a cylindrical log with a device that registers distance
           subtype:  patent_log__screw_log__screwlog__taffrail_log  a torpedo-shaped log with rotary fins that measure the ship's speed
        subtype:  measuring_stick__measuringstick__measure__measuring_rod__measuringrod  measuring instrument having a sequence of marks at regular intervals; used as a reference in making measurements
           subtype:  board_rule__boardrule  a measure used in computing board feet
           subtype:  ruler__rule  measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths
              subtype:  carpenter's_rule__carpenter'srule  a rule used by a carpenter
              subtype:  foot_rule  a ruler one foot long
              subtype:  meterstick__metrestick  a rule one meter long (usually marked off in centimeters and millimeters)
              subtype:  yard_measure__yardstick  a ruler or tape that is three feet long
           subtype:  size_stick  a mechanical measuring stick used by shoe fitters to measure the length and width of your foot
        subtype:  meter.measuring_instrument  any of various measuring instruments for measuring a quantity
           subtype:  ammeter  a meter that measures the flow of electrical current in amperes
              subtype:  milliammeter  a sensitive ammeter graduated in milliamperes
           subtype:  electrometer  meter to measure electrostatic voltage differences; draws no current from the source
           subtype:  fluxmeter  meter that measures magnetic flux by the current it generates in a coil
           subtype:  galvanometer  meter for detecting or comparing or measuring small electric currents
              subtype:  astatic_galvanometer__astaticgalvanometer  has a moving magnet and astatic coils arranged to cancel the effect of the Earth's magnetic field
              subtype:  moving-coil_galvanometer  a galvanometer that is operated by the force exerted by an electric current flowing in a movable coil suspended in a magnetic field
                 subtype:  ballistic_galvanometer__ballisticgalvanometer  a moving-coil galvanometer that measures electric charge
           subtype:  gas_meter__gasmeter__gasometer  a meter for measuring the amount of gas flowing through a particular pipe
           subtype:  magnetometer__gaussmeter  an meter to compare strengths of magnetic fields
           subtype:  odometer__hodometer__mileometer__milometer  a meter that shows mileage traversed
           subtype:  ohmmeter  a meter for measuring electrical resistance in ohms
           subtype:  postage_meter__postagemeter  meter for bulk mailings that imprints correct prepaid postage on pieces of mail and records the total charge
           subtype:  radiometer  meter to detect and measure radiant energy (electromagnetic or acoustic)
              subtype:  Crookes_radiometer  electromagnetic radiometer consisting of a small paddlewheel that rotates when placed in daylight
              subtype:  radiomicrometer  radiometer that is extremely sensitive
              subtype:  Rayleigh_disk  an acoustic radiometer consisting of a light disk suspended from a quartz thread; when exposed to a progressive sound wave its torque can measure velocity
           subtype:  reflectometer  a meter that measures the reflectance of a surface
           subtype:  speedometer__speed_indicator__speedindicator  a meter fixed to a vehicle that measures and displays its speed
              subtype:  machmeter  speedometer for measuring the speed of an aircraft relative to the speed of sound
           subtype:  taximeter  a meter in a taxi that registers the fare (based on the length of the ride)
           subtype:  voltmeter  meter that measures the potential difference between two points
              subtype:  electronic_voltmeter  a voltmeter whose sensitivity is increased by amplification
                 subtype:  digital_voltmeter__digitalvoltmeter  an electronic voltmeter that gives readings in digits
              subtype:  millivoltmeter  sensitive voltmeter that can measure voltage in millivolts
           subtype:  water_meter__watermeter  meter for measuring the quantity of water passing through a particular outlet
        subtype:  nephoscope  a grid-like measuring instrument for measuring the altitude, direction, and velocity of movement of clouds
        subtype:  octant  a measuring instrument for measuring angles to a celestial body; similar to a sextant but with 45 degree calibration
        subtype:  oximeter  a measuring instrument that measures the oxygen in arterial blood
        subtype:  pedometer  measuring instrument for recording the number of steps taken in walking
        subtype:  pelvimeter  measuring instrument for performing pelvimetry
        subtype:  photometer  measuring instrument for measuring the luminous intensity of a source by comparing it (visually or photoelectrically) with a standard source
           subtype:  spectrophotometer  a photometer for comparing two light radiations wavelength by wavelength
        subtype:  piezometer  a measuring instrument for measuring high pressures
        subtype:  pipet__pipette  measuring instrument consisting of a graduated glass tube used to measure or transfer precise volumes of a liquid by drawing the liquid up into the tube
           subtype:  eye_dropper__eyedropper__dropper  pipet consisting of a small tube with a vacuum bulb at one end for drawing liquid in and releasing it a drop at a time
        subtype:  Pitot-static_tube__Pitot_tube  measuring instrument consisting of a combined Pitot tube and static tube that measures total and static pressure; used in aircraft to measure airspeed
        subtype:  Pitot_tube  measuring instrument used to measure the velocity of fluid flow
        subtype:  plethysmograph  a measuring instrument for measuring changes in volume of a part or organ or whole body (usually resulting from fluctuations in the amount of blood it contains)
           subtype:  body_plethysmograph  plethysmograph consisting of a chamber surrounding the entire body; used in studies of respiration
           subtype:  digital_plethysmograph__digitalplethysmograph  plethysmograph applied to a digit of the hand or foot to measure skin blood flow
        subtype:  potentiometer  a measuring instrument for measuring direct current electromotive forces
        subtype:  quadrant  a measuring instrument for measuring altitude of heavenly bodies
        subtype:  microwave_radar__microwaveradar__radar__radio_detection_and_ranging__radiodetectionandranging__radiolocation  measuring instrument in which the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects
           subtype:  early_warning_radar__earlywarningradar  a radar that is part of an early warning system
           subtype:  three-dimensional_radar__threedimensionalradar__3d_radar  radar that will report altitude as well as azimuth and distance of a target
           subtype:  weather_radar__weatherradar  radar that is able to detect clouds and precipitation
        subtype:  rangefinder__range_finder__rangefinder  a measuring instrument (acoustic or optical or electronic) for finding the distance of an object
        subtype:  refractometer  measuring instrument for measuring the refractive index of a substance
        subtype:  weighing_machine__scale  a measuring instrument for weighing; shows amount of mass
           subtype:  balance.weighing_machine  a scale for weighing; depends on pull of gravity
              subtype:  beam_balance  a balance consisting of a lever with two equal arms and a pan suspended from each arm
                 subtype:  analytical_balance__chemical_balance  a beam balance of great precision used in quantitative chemical analysis
              subtype:  electronic_balance  balance that generates a current proportional to displacement of pan
              subtype:  microbalance  balance for weighing very small objects
              subtype:  spring_balance__spring_scale  a balance that measure weight by the tension on a helical spring
              subtype:  steelyard__lever_scale__leverscale__beam_scale  a portable balance consisting of a pivoted bar with arms of unequal length
           subtype:  weighbridge  platform scale flush with a roadway for weighing vehicles and cattle etc
        subtype:  sclerometer  a measuring instrument that measures the hardness of materials by penetrating them with a stylus that has a diamond point
        subtype:  sector.measuring_instrument  measuring instrument consisting of two graduated arms hinged at one end
        subtype:  seismograph  a measuring instrument for detecting and measuring the intensity and direction and duration of of movements of the ground (as an earthquake)
        subtype:  sensitometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the light sensitivity of film over a range of exposures
        subtype:  sextant  a measuring instrument for measuring the angular distance between celestial objects; resembles an octant
        subtype:  sonar__echo_sounder__asdic  a measuring instrument that sends out an acoustic pulse in water and measures distances in terms of the time for the echo of the pulse to return (sonar is SOund NAvigation Ranging; asdic is Anti-Submarine Detection Investigation Committee)
        subtype:  spark_chamber__sparkchamber__spark_counter__sparkcounter  measuring instrument that detects ionizing radiation from elementary particles
        subtype:  spherometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the curvature of a surface
        subtype:  spirograph  a measuring instrument for recording the depth and rapidity of breathing movements
        subtype:  spirometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the vital capacity of the lungs
        subtype:  static_tube  a measuring instrument used to measure static pressure in a stream of fluid
        subtype:  synchroscope__synchronoscoppe__synchronizer  an instrument that indicates whether two periodic motions are synchronous (especially an instrument that enables a pilot to synchronize the propellers of a plane that has two or more engines)
        subtype:  tachometer__tach  measuring instrument for indicating speed of rotation
           subtype:  tachograph  a tachometer that produces a graphical record of its readings; used to record the speed and duration of trips in a motor vehicle
        subtype:  tape_measure__tape__tapeline  measuring instrument consisting of a narrow strip (cloth or metal) marked in inches or centimeters and used for measuring lengths; "the carpenter should have used his tape measure"
        subtype:  tensiometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the surface tension of a liquid
        subtype:  wire_tensiometer__tensiometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the tension in a wire or fiber or beam
        subtype:  moisture_tensiometer__tensiometer  a measuring instrument for measuring the moisture content of soil
        subtype:  thermometer  measuring instrument for measuring temperature
           subtype:  alcohol_thermometer__alcoholthermometer__alcohol-in-glass_thermometer  thermometer consisting of a glass capillary tube marked with degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit and containing alcohol which rises or falls as it expands or contracts with changes in temperature
           subtype:  candy_thermometer__candythermometer  a thermometer used to determine the temperature of candy syrups during cooking
           subtype:  Centigrade_thermometer  a thermometer calibrated in degrees centigrade
           subtype:  cryometer  a thermometer designed to measure low temperatures
           subtype:  dry-bulb_thermometer  an ordinary thermometer with a dry bulb; used to measure the air temperature
           subtype:  Fahrenheit_thermometer  a thermometer calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit
           subtype:  gas_thermometer__air_thermometer__airthermometer  thermometer that measures temperature by changes in the pressure of a gas kept at constant volume
           subtype:  maximum_and_minimum_thermometer  thermometer that records the highest and lowest temperatures reached during a period of time
           subtype:  meat_thermometer  a thermometer that is inserted into the center of a roast (with the top away from the heat source); used to measure how well done the meat is
           subtype:  mercury_thermometer__mercurythermometer__mercury-in-glass_thermometer  thermometer consisting of mercury contained in a bulb at the bottom of a graduated sealed glass capillary tube marked in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit; mercury expands with a rise in temperature causing a thin thread of mercury to rise in the tube
              subtype:  Beckman_thermometer  a mercury thermometer that measures small differences or changes in temperature
              subtype:  mercury-in-glass_clinical_thermometer__clinical_thermometer  a mercury thermometer designed to measure the temperature of the human body; graduated to cover a range a few degrees on either side of the normal body temperature
           subtype:  oven_thermometer  a thermometer that registers the temperature inside an oven
           subtype:  pyrometer  a thermometer designed to measure high temperatures
              subtype:  optical_pyrometer__opticalpyrometer__pyroscope  a pyrometer that uses the color of the light emitted by a hot object
              subtype:  pyrometric_cone  a pyrometer consisting of a series of cones that melt at different temperatures
              subtype:  radiation_pyrometer__radiationpyrometer  a pyrometer for estimating the temperature of distant sources of heat; radiation is focussed on a thermojunction connected in circuit with a galvanometer
              subtype:  resistance_pyrometer  pyrometer that measures high temperatures by the resistance in a heated wire
           subtype:  Reaumur_thermometer  an alcohol thermometer calibrated in degrees Reaumur
           subtype:  resistance_thermometer__platinum_thermometer  thermometer that measures temperature by changes in the resistance of a spiral of platinum wire
           subtype:  reversing_thermometer__reversingthermometer  a thermometer that registers the temperature in deep waters
           subtype:  self-registering_thermometer  a thermometer that records the temperature automatically
           subtype:  telethermometer  a thermometer that registers the temperature at some distant point
           subtype:  thermocouple_junction__thermocouple  a kind of thermometer consisting of two wires of different metals that are joined at both ends; one junction is at the temperature to be measured and the other is held at a fixed lower temperature; the current generated in the circuit is proportional to the temperature difference
           subtype:  thermoelectric_thermometer__thermel__electricthermometer  a thermometer that uses thermoelectric current to measure temperature
           subtype:  thermometrograph__thermograph  a thermometer that records temperature variations on a graph as a function of time
           subtype:  thermopile  a kind of thermometer for measuring heat radiation; consists of several thermocouple junctions in series
           subtype:  wet-bulb_thermometer  a thermometer with a bulb that is covered with moist muslin; used in a psychrometer to measure humidity
        subtype:  timepiece__timekeeper  a measuring instrument or device for keeping time
           subtype:  atomic_clock  a timepiece that derives its time scale from the vibration of atoms or molecules
              subtype:  ammonia_clock__ammoniaclock  an atomic clock based on vibrational frequency of the nitrogen atom in the ammonia molecule
              subtype:  caesium_clock__caesiumclock  an atomic clock based on the energy difference between two states of the caesium nucleus in a magnetic field
           subtype:  clock  a timepiece that shows the time of day
              subtype:  alarm_clock__alarmclock__alarm  a clock that wakes sleeper at preset time
              subtype:  Big_Ben  clock in the clock tower of the Houses of Parliament, London
              subtype:  chronometer  an accurate clock (especially used in navigation)
              subtype:  cuckoo_clock  clock that announces the hours with a sound like the call of the cuckoo
              subtype:  electric_clock  a clock using a small electric motor
              subtype:  pendulum_clock  a clock regulated by a pendulum
                 subtype:  grandfather_clock__grandfatherclock__longcase_clock  a pendulum clock enclosed in a tall narrow case
              subtype:  system_clock.clock__systemclock  a time-of-day clock in a computer system
              subtype:  time_clock  clock used to record the hours that people work
              subtype:  turret_clock  a clock with more than one dial to show the time in all directions from a tower
              subtype:  wall_clock  a clock mounted on a wall
              subtype:  water_clock__waterclock__clepsydra__water_glass__waterglas  clock that measures time by the escape of water
           subtype:  sandglass__sandglas  timepiece in which the passage of time is indicated by the flow of sand from one transparent container to another through a narrow passage
              subtype:  egg_timer__eggtimer  a sandglass that runs for three minutes; used to time the boiling of eggs
              subtype:  hourglass__hourglas  a sandglass that runs for sixty minutes
           subtype:  sundial  timepiece that indicates the daylight hours by the shadow that the gnomon casts on a calibrated dial
           subtype:  timer  a timepiece that measures a time interval and signals its end
              subtype:  chronograph  an accurate timer for recording time
              subtype:  parking_meter__parkingmeter  a coin-operated timer located next to a parking space; depositing money into it entitles you to park your car there for a specified length of time
              subtype:  stopwatch__stopo_watch__stopowatch  a timepiece that can be started or stopped for exact timing (as of a race)
           subtype:  ticker__watch  a small portable timepiece
              subtype:  analog_watch  a watch that represents time by the position of hands on a dial
              subtype:  digital_watch__digitalwatch  a watch with a digital display
              subtype:  hunting_watch__huntingwatch__hunter  a watch with a hinged metal lid to protect the crystal
              subtype:  pendulum_watch  (18th century) a watch with a balance wheel having a fake pendulum attached to it
              subtype:  pocket_watch  a watch that is carried in a small watch pocket
              subtype:  stem-winder  a watch that is wound by turning a knob at the stem
              subtype:  wristwatch__wrist_watch__wristwatch  a watch that is worn strapped to the wrist
        subtype:  tonometer  measuring instrument for measuring tension or pressure (especially for measuring intraocular pressure in testing for glaucoma)
        subtype:  torsion_balance__torsionbalance  measuring instrument designed to measure small forces by the torsion they exert on a thin wire
        subtype:  variometer  a measuring instrument for measuring variations in a magnetic field
        subtype:  Venturi_tube  a measuring instrument used to measure the rate of flow of a liquid
        subtype:  viscometer__viscosimeter  a measuring instrument for measuring viscosity
     subtype:  medical_instrument__medicalinstrument  instrument used in the practice of medicine
        subtype:  ballistocardiograph__cardiograph  a medical instrument that measures the mechanical force of cardiac contractions and the amount of blood passing through the heart during a specified period by measuring the recoil of the body as blood is pumped from the ventricles
        subtype:  bronchoscope  a slender tubular instrument used to examine the bronchial tubes
        subtype:  cardiograph__electrocardiograph  medical instrument that records electric currents associated with contractions of the heart
        subtype:  dialyzer__dialysis_machine  a medical instrument for separating substances in solution by unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes
           subtype:  artificial_kidney__hemodialyzer  a machine that uses dialysis to remove impurities and waste products from the bloodstream before returning the blood to the patient's body
        subtype:  diathermy_machine__diathermymachine  a medical instrument for local heating of bodily tissues for medical purposes
           subtype:  microwave_diathermy_machine__microwavediathermymachine  diathermy machine that uses microwave radiation as the source of heat
           subtype:  shortwave_diathermy_machine__shortwavediathermymachine  a diathermy machine that uses short wave radiation as the source of heat
        subtype:  electroencephalograph  medical instrument that records electric currents generated by the brain
        subtype:  electromyograph  a medical instrument that records the electrical waves associated with the activity of skeletal muscles
        subtype:  endoscope  a long slender medical instrument for examining the interior of a bodily organ or performing minor surgery
           subtype:  arthroscope  a type of endoscope that is inserted into a joint for visual examination
           subtype:  colonoscope  an elongated fiberoptic endoscope for examining the entire colon from cecum to rectum
           subtype:  culdoscope  a specialized endoscope for visually examining a woman's pelvic organs
           subtype:  gastroscope  a type of endoscope for visually examining the stomach
           subtype:  laparoscope  a slender endoscope inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall in order to examine the abdominal organs or to perform minor surgery
           subtype:  proctoscope  an endoscope for examining the rectum
           subtype:  flexible_sigmoidoscope__sigmoidoscope  an endoscope (a flexible fiberoptic probe) for examining the sigmoid colon
        subtype:  fiberscope  a flexible medical instrument involving fiber optics that is used to examine internal organs
        subtype:  keratoscope  medical instrument to examine the cornea in order to detect irregularities in its anterior surface
        subtype:  laryngoscope  a medical instrument for examining the larynx
        subtype:  ophthalmoscope  medical instrument for examining the retina of the eye
           subtype:  orthoscope  an ophthalmoscope with a layer of water to neutralize the refraction of the cornea
        subtype:  otoscope  medical instrument consisting of a magnifying lens and light; used for examining the external ear (the auditory meatus and especially the tympanic membrane)
        subtype:  polygraph  a medical instrument that records several physiological processes simultaneously (e.g., pulse rate and blood pressure and respiration and perspiration)
           subtype:  lie_detector__liedetector  a polygraph that records bodily changes sometimes associated with lying
        subtype:  rhinoscope  medical instrument consisting of a mirror mounted at an angle on a rod; used to examine the nasal passages (through the nasopharynx)
        subtype:  speculum  a medical instrument for dilating a bodily passage or cavity in order to examine the interior
        subtype:  stethoscope  a medical instrument for listening to the sounds generated inside the body
           subtype:  fetoscope__foetoscope  a stethoscope placed on the pregnant woman's abdomen to listen for the fetal heartbeat
        subtype:  surgical_instrument  a medical instrument used in surgery
           subtype:  curette__curet  a surgical instrument shaped like a scoop to remove tissue from a bodily cavity
           subtype:  dermatome  a surgical instrument used to cut very thin slices of skin
           subtype:  dilater__dilator  a surgical instrument that is used to dilate or distend an opening or an organ
           subtype:  hemostat__haemostat  a surgical instrument that stops bleeding by clamping the blood vessel
           subtype:  photocoagulator  surgical instrument containing a laser for use in photocoagulation
           subtype:  probe.surgical_instrument  a flexible slender surgical instrument used to explore wounds or body cavities
           subtype:  retractor  surgical instrument that holds back the edges of a surgical incision
           subtype:  snare.surgical_instrument  a surgical instrument consisting of wire hoop that can be drawn tight around the base of polyps or small tumors to sever them; used especially in body cavities
           subtype:  surgical_knife  a very sharp knife used in surgery
              subtype:  catling  a long double-edged knife used for amputations
              subtype:  lancet__lance  a surgical knife with a pointed double-edged blade; used for punctures and small incisions
              subtype:  scalpel  a thin straight surgical knife used in dissection and surgery
           subtype:  trephine__trepan  a surgical instrument used to remove sections of bone from the skull
        subtype:  syringe  a medical instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids
           subtype:  douche_bag__douche  a small syringe with detachable nozzles; used for vaginal lavage and enemas
           subtype:  hypodermic_syringe__hypodermic__hypo  a piston syringe that is fitted with a hypodermic needle for giving injections
        subtype:  thermograph  medical instrument that uses an infrared camera to reveal temperature variations on the surface of the body
     subtype:  musical_instrument__musicalinstrument  an instrument used to produce music
        subtype:  barrel_organ__grind_organ__hand_organ__hurdy_gurdy__street_organ  a musical instrument that makes music by rotation of a cylinder studded with pegs
        subtype:  bass.musical_instrument__bas  the member with the lowest range of a family of musical instruments
           subtype:  bass_fiddle__bass_viol__bull_fiddle__double_bass__contrabass__string_bass  largest and lowest member of the violin family
           subtype:  bass_horn__sousaphone__Sousaphone__tuba  the lowest brass wind instrument
              subtype:  euphonium  a bass horn (brass wind instrument) that is the tenor of the tuba family
              subtype:  helicon__bombardon  a tuba that coils over the shoulder of the musician
           subtype:  bombardon__bombard  a large shawm; the bass member of the shawm family
        subtype:  calliope__steam_organ__steamorgan  a musical instrument consisting of a series of steam whistles played from a keyboard
        subtype:  celesta  a musical instrument consisting of graduated steel plates that are struck by hammers activated by a keyboard
        subtype:  electronic_instrument  a musical instrument that generates sounds electronically
           subtype:  electric_organ__electronic_organ__Hammond_organ__organ  (music) an electronic simulation of a pipe organ
           subtype:  synthesizer  (music) an electronic instrument (usually played with a keyboard) that generates and modifies sounds electronically and can imitate a variety of other musical instruments
        subtype:  Jew's_harp__jew's_harp__jew'sharp__Jews'_harp__jews'_harp__jews'harp__mouth_bow__mouthbow  a small lyre-shaped musical instrument that is placed between the teeth and played by twanging a wire tongue while changing the shape of the mouth cavity
        subtype:  music_box__musicbox__musical_box__musicalbox  produces music by means of pins on a revolving cylinder that strike the tuned teeth of a comb-like metal plate
        subtype:  percussion_instrument__percussive_instrument  a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by one object striking another
           subtype:  bones__bone__castanets__castanet__clappers__finger_cymbals__maraca  a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance
           subtype:  chime__bell__gong  a percussion instrument consisting of vertical metal tubes of different lengths that are struck with a hammer
              subtype:  carillon  set of bells hung in a bell tower
              subtype:  handbell  a bell that is held in the hand
           subtype:  cymbal  a percussion instrument consisting of a concave brass disk; makes a loud crashing sound when hit with a drumstick or when two are struck together
              subtype:  high-hat_cymbal__high_hat  cymbals that are operated by a foot pedal
              subtype:  zill  one of a pair of small metallic cymbals worn on the thumb and middle finger; used in belly dancing in rhythm with the dance
           subtype:  membranophone__drum__tympan  a musical percussion instrument; usually consists of a hollow cylinder with a membrane stretch across each end
              subtype:  bass_drum__gran_casa  a large drum with two heads; makes a sound of indefinite but very low pitch
              subtype:  bongo_drum__bongodrum__bongo  a small drum; played with the hands
              subtype:  snare_drum__snaredrum__snare__side_drum  a small drum with two heads and a snare stretched across the lower head
              subtype:  tabor__tabour  a small drum with one head of soft calfskin
              subtype:  tambour  a drum
              subtype:  tambourine  a shallow drum with a single drumhead and with metallic disks in the sides
              subtype:  tenor_drum__tenordrum  any of various drums with small heads
              subtype:  timbrel  small hand drum similar to a tambourine; formerly carried by itinerant jugglers
           subtype:  glockenspiel__orchestral_bells  a percussion instrument consisting of a set of graduated metal bars mounted on a frame and played with small hammers
           subtype:  gong__tam-tam__tamtam  a percussion instrument consisting of a metal plate that is struck with a soft-headed drumstick
           subtype:  kettledrum__kettle__tympanum__tympani__timpani  a large hemispherical brass or copper percussion instrument with a drumhead that can be tuned by adjusting the tension on it
           subtype:  marimba__xylophone  a percussion instrument with wooden bars tuned to produce a chromatic scale and with resonators; played with small mallets
           subtype:  forte-piano__fortepiano__piano__pianoforte  a stringed instrument that is played by depressing keys that cause hammers to strike tuned strings and produce sounds
              subtype:  grand_piano__grandpiano__grand  a piano with the strings on a harp-shaped frame; usually supported by 3 legs
                 subtype:  baby_grand_piano__baby_grand__parlor_grand__parlor_grand_piano__parlour_grand__parlourgrand__parlour_grand_piano__parlourgrandpiano  a small grand piano
                 subtype:  concert_grand__concertgrand__concert_piano__concertpiano  a grand piano suitable for concert performances
              subtype:  mechanical_piano__Pianola__player_piano  a mechanically operated piano that uses a roll of perforated paper to activate the keys
              subtype:  upright_piano__uprightpiano__upright  a piano with a vertical sounding board
                 subtype:  spinet.upright_piano  small and compactly built upright piano
           subtype:  steel_drum__steeldrum  a concave percussion instrument made from the metal top of an oil drum; has an array of flattened areas that produce different tones when struck (of Caribbean origin)
           subtype:  triangle  a percussion instrument consisting of a metal bar bent in the shape of an open triangle
           subtype:  vibraphone__vibraharp__vibes__vibe  an percussion instrument similar to a xylophone but having metal bars and rotating disks in the resonators that produce a vibrato sound
        subtype:  stringed_instrument  a musical instrument in which taut strings provide the source of sound
           subtype:  banjo  a stringed instrument of the guitar family that has long neck and circular body
           subtype:  bowed_stringed_instrument__string  stringed instruments that are played with a bow; "the strings played superlatively well"
              subtype:  bass_fiddle__bass_viol__bull_fiddle__double_bass__contrabass__string_bass  largest and lowest member of the violin family
              subtype:  cello  a large stringed instrument; seated player holds it upright while playing
              subtype:  viol  any of a family of bowed stringed instruments that preceded the violin family
                 subtype:  viola_da_braccio  a member of the viol family with approximately the range of a viola
                 subtype:  viola_da_gamba__bass_viol  viol that is the bass member of the viol family with approximately the range of the cello
                 subtype:  viola_d'amore__violad'amore  viol that is the tenor of the viol family
              subtype:  viola.bowed_stringed_instrument  a bowed stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, tuned a fifth lower
              subtype:  violin__fiddle  bowed stringed instrument that is the highest member of the violin family; this instrument has four strings and a hollow body and an unfretted fingerboard and is played with a bow
                 subtype:  Amati  a violin made by a member of the Amati family
                 subtype:  Guarnerius  a violin made by a member of the guarneri family
                 subtype:  Stradavarius__Strad  a violin made by Antonio Stradivari or a member of his family
           subtype:  chordophone  a stringed instrument of the group including harps, lutes, lyres, and zithers
              subtype:  balalaika  a stringed instrument that has triangular body and three strings
              subtype:  harp  a chordophone that has a triangular frame consisting of a sounding board and a pillar and a curved neck; the strings stretched between the neck and the soundbox are plucked with the fingers
                 subtype:  aeolian_harp__aeolianharp__aeolian_lyre__aeolianlyre__wind_harp  a harp having strings tuned in unison; they sound when wind passes over them
                 subtype:  lyre  a harp used by ancient Greeks for accompaniment
              subtype:  lute  chordophone consisting of a plucked instrument having a pear-shaped body, a usually bent neck, and a fretted fingerboard
              subtype:  mandolin  a stringed instrument related to the lute, usually played with a plectrum
                 subtype:  mandola  an early type of mandolin
           subtype:  clavichord  an early stringed instrument like a piano but with more delicate sound
           subtype:  clavier__Klavier  a stringed instrument that has a keyboard
              subtype:  harpsichord  a clavier with strings that are plucked by plectra mounted on pivots
                 subtype:  spinet  early model harpsichord with only one string per note
                 subtype:  pair_of_virginals__virginal  a legless rectangular harpsichord; played (usually by women) in the 16th and 17th centuries
           subtype:  dulcimer.stringed_instrument  a stringed instrument used in American folk music; an elliptical body and a fretted fingerboard and three strings
           subtype:  guitar  a stringed instrument usually having six strings; played by strumming or plucking
              subtype:  acoustic_guitar  sound is not amplified by electrical means
              subtype:  electric_guitar  a guitar whose sound is amplified by electrical means
              subtype:  gittern  medieval musical instrument resembling a guitar
              subtype:  Hawaiian_guitar__steel_guitar__steelguitar  guitar whose steel strings are twanged while being pressed with a movable steel bar for a glissando effect
              subtype:  uke__ukulele  (Hawaiian) a small guitar having four strings
           subtype:  koto  Japanese stringed instrument that resembles a zither; has a rectangular wooden sounding box and silk strings that are plucked with the fingers
           subtype:  forte-piano__fortepiano__piano__pianoforte  a stringed instrument that is played by depressing keys that cause hammers to strike tuned strings and produce sounds
           subtype:  psaltery  an ancient stringed instrument similar to the lyre or zither but having a trapezoidal sounding board under the strings
           subtype:  samisen  Japanese stringed instrument resembling a banjo with a long neck and a fretted fingerboard and a rectangular soundbox
           subtype:  sitar  a stringed instrument of India; has a long neck and movable frets
           subtype:  zither__cither__zithern  a musical stringed instrument with strings stretch over a flat sounding box; played with a plectrum and with fingers
              subtype:  dulcimer  a trapezoidal zither whose metal strings are struck with light hammers
        subtype:  wind_instrument__wind  a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by an enclosed column of air that is moved by the breath
           subtype:  bagpipe__pipes__pipe  a wind instrument; the player blows air into a bag and squeezes it out through pipes
              subtype:  musette__shepherd's_pipe  a small bagpipe formerly popular in France
           subtype:  brass.wind_instrument__bras  a wind instrument that consists of a brass tube (usually of variable length) blown by means of a cup-shaped or funnel-shaped mouthpiece
              subtype:  baritone_horn__baritone  the second lowest brass wind instrument
              subtype:  bass_horn__sousaphone__Sousaphone__tuba  the lowest brass wind instrument
              subtype:  bugle  a brass instrument without valves; used for military calls and fanfares
              subtype:  clarion  a medieval brass instrument with a clear shrill tone
              subtype:  cornet__horn__trumpet  a brass musical instrument with a brilliant tone; has a narrow tube and a flared bell and is played by means of valves
                 subtype:  serpent  an obsolete bass cornet; resembles a snake
              subtype:  flugelhorn__fluegelhorn  a brass instrument resembling a cornet but with a wider bore
              subtype:  French_horn__horn  a brass musical instrument consisting of a conical tube that is coiled into a spiral and played by means of valves
              subtype:  saxhorn  any of a family of brass wind instruments that resemble a bugle with valves
              subtype:  trombone  a brass instrument consisting of a long tube whose length can be varied by a U-shaped slide
                 subtype:  sackbut  a medieval musical instrument resembling a trombone
           subtype:  free-reed_instrument  a wind instrument with a free reed
              subtype:  piano_accordion__pianoaccordion__accordion__squeeze_box__squeezebox  a portable box-shaped free-reed instrument; the reeds are made to vibrate by air from the bellows controlled by the player
              subtype:  American_organ  a free-reed instrument in which air is drawn in through reeds by suction bellows
              subtype:  concertina.free-reed_instrument  free-reed instrument played like an accordion by pushing its ends together to force air through the reeds
              subtype:  harmonica__mouth_organ__mouthorgan__harp__mouth_harp__mouthharp  a small rectangular free-reed instrument having a row of free reeds set back in air holes and played by blowing into the desired hole
              subtype:  harmonium__organ__reed_organ  a free-reed instrument in which air is forced through the reeds by bellows
           subtype:  kazoo  a toy wind instrument that has a membrane that makes a sound when you hum into the mouthpiece
           subtype:  ocarina__sweet_potato__sweetpotato  egg-shaped terra-cotta wind instrument with a mouthpiece and finger holes
           subtype:  pipe_organ__organ  wind instrument whose sound is produced by means of pipes arranged in sets supplied with air from a bellows and controlled from a large complex musical keyboard
           subtype:  organ_pipe__organpipe__pipe__pipework  the flues and stops on a pipe organ
              subtype:  flue_pipe__flue__labial_pipe  organ pipe whose tone is produced by air passing across the sharp edge of a fissure or lip
              subtype:  organ_stop__organstop  a graduated set of organ pipes of like tone quality
                 subtype:  diapason_stop__diapason  either of the two main stops on a pipe organ
                 subtype:  dulciana  the organ stop having a tone of soft sweet string quality
                 subtype:  flue_stop  an organ stop with the tone of a flue pipe
                 subtype:  reed_stop  an organ stop with the tone of a reed instrument
                    subtype:  vox_humana__voxhumana  an organ reed stop producing tones imitative of the human voice
                 subtype:  sourdine  an organ stop resulting in a soft muted sound
                 subtype:  vox_angelica__voxangelica__voix_celeste  an organ stop producing a gentle tremolo effect
              subtype:  reed_pipe  organ pipe with a vibrating reed
           subtype:  panpipe__pandean_pipe__pandeanpipe__syrinx  a primitive wind instrument consisting of several parallel pipes bound together
           subtype:  tabor_pipe__taborpipe__pipe  a tubular wind instrument
              subtype:  chanter__melody_pipe  reed pipe with finger holes on which the melody is played
              subtype:  drone_pipe__dronepipe__drone__bourdon  a pipe of the bagpipe that is tuned to produce a single continuous tone
              subtype:  pitch_pipe__pitchpipe  a small pipe sounding a tone of standard frequency; used to establish the starting pitch for unaccompanied singing
           subtype:  post_horn  wind instrument used by postilions of the 18th and 19th centuries
           subtype:  woodwind_instrument__woodwind__wood  any wind instrument other than the brass instruments
              subtype:  beating-reed_instrument__reed  a musical instrument that sounds by means of a reed
                 subtype:  double-reed_instrument  a woodwind that has a double reed
                    subtype:  bassoon  a double-reed instrument; the tenor of the oboe family
                       subtype:  contrabassoon__contrafagotto__double_bassoon  the bassoon that is the largest instrument in the oboe family
                       subtype:  tenoroon  a tenor bassoon; pitched a fifth higher than the ordinary bassoon
                    subtype:  English_horn__cor_anglais__coranglai  a double-reed woodwind instrument similar to an oboe but lower in pitch
                    subtype:  krummhorn__crumhorn__cromorne  a Renaissance woodwind with a double reed and a curving tube (crooked horn)
                    subtype:  oboe__hautboy__hautbois  a slender double-reed instrument; a woodwind with a conical bore and a double-reed mouthpiece
                       subtype:  heckelphone__basset_oboe  a oboe pitched an octave below the ordinary oboe
                       subtype:  musette_pipe__musettepipe  a small simple oboe
                       subtype:  oboe_da_caccia  an alto oboe; precursor of the English horn
                       subtype:  oboe_d'amore  a oboe pitched a minor third lower than the ordinary oboe; used to perform baroque music
                       subtype:  shawm  a medieval oboe
                          subtype:  bombardon__bombard  a large shawm; the bass member of the shawm family
                 subtype:  free-reed  a reed that does not fit closely over the aperture
                 subtype:  single-reed_instrument__single-reed_woodwind  a beating-reed instrument with a single reed (as a clarinet or saxophone)
                    subtype:  clarinet  a single-reed instrument with a straight tube
                       subtype:  bass_clarinet  a large clarinet whose range is an octave below the B-flat clarinet
                       subtype:  basset_horn  a tenor clarinet; pitched in the key of F below the B-flat clarinet
                       subtype:  B-flat_clarinet__licorice_stick  the ordinary clarinet with a middle range
                    subtype:  pibgorn__hornpipe__stockhorn  an ancient (now obsolete) single-reed woodwind; usually made of bone
                    subtype:  sax__saxophone  a single-reed woodwind with a conical bore
              subtype:  fipple_flute__fipple_pipe__recorder__vertical_flute  a woodwind with a vertical pipe and 8 finger holes and a whistle mouthpiece
                 subtype:  treble_recorder__flageolet__shepherd'spipe  a small fipple flute with with four finger holes and two thumb holes
                 subtype:  pennywhistle__tin_whistle__tinwhistle__whistle  an inexpensive fipple flute
              subtype:  transverse_flute__flute  a high-pitched woodwind instrument; a slender tube closed at one end with finger holes on one end and an opening near the closed end across which the breath is blown
                 subtype:  fife  a small high-pitched flute similar to a piccolo; has a shrill tone and is used chiefly to accompany drums in a marching band
                 subtype:  nose_flute  a flute that is played by blowing through the nostrils (used in some Asian countries)
                 subtype:  piccolo  a small flute; pitched an octave above the standard flute
     subtype:  navigational_instrument  an instrument used for navigating
        subtype:  artificial_horizon__gyro_horizon__flight_indicator  a navigational instrument based on a gyroscope; provides an artificial horizon for the pilot
        subtype:  compass__compas  navigational instrument for finding directions
           subtype:  gyrocompass__gyrocompas  a compass that does not depend on magnetism but uses a gyroscope instead
           subtype:  magnetic_compass  compass based on an indicator (as a magnetic needle) that points to the magnetic north
              subtype:  compass_card__compasscard__mariner'scompas  compass in the form of a card that rotates so that 0 degrees or North points to magnetic north
        subtype:  depth_finder__depthfinder  navigational instrument used to measure the depth of a body of water (as by ultrasound or radar)
           subtype:  sonic_depth_finder__sonicdepthfinder__fathometer  depth finder for determining depth of water or a submerged object by means of ultrasound waves
        subtype:  inclinometer  an instrument showing the angle that an aircraft makes with the horizon
        subtype:  sonar__echo_sounder__asdic  a measuring instrument that sends out an acoustic pulse in water and measures distances in terms of the time for the echo of the pulse to return (sonar is SOund NAvigation Ranging; asdic is Anti-Submarine Detection Investigation Committee)
     subtype:  optical_instrument__opticalinstrument  an instrument designed to aid vision
        subtype:  binocular__fieldglasse__operaglasse  an optical instrument designed for simultaneous use by both eyes
        subtype:  esophagoscope__oesophagoscope  an optical instrument for examining the inside of the esophagus
        subtype:  jeweler's_glass  an optical instrument used by jewelers; has one or more lenses and is used to view features not readily seen
        subtype:  periscope  an optical instrument that provides a view of an otherwise obstructed field
        subtype:  projector  an optical instrument that projects an enlarged image onto a screen
           subtype:  epidiascope  a projector for images for both transparent and opaque objects
           subtype:  movie_projector__cine_projector__film_projector  projects successive frames from a reel of film to create moving pictures
              subtype:  bioscope  a kind of early movie projector
           subtype:  overhead_projector  a projector operated by a speaker; projects the image over the speaker's head
           subtype:  slide_projector__slideprojector  projector that projects an enlarged image of a slide onto a screen
              subtype:  magic_lantern__magiclantern  an early form of slide projector
        subtype:  sight.optical_instrument  a optical instrument for aiding the eye in aiming, as on a firearm or surveying instrument
           subtype:  bombsight  a sighting device in an aircraft for aiming bombs
           subtype:  gunsight  a sight used for aiming a gun
              subtype:  battlesight  an arrangement of sights that makes possible the rapid aiming of a firearm at short ranges
              subtype:  open_sight  rear gunsight having an open notch instead of a peephole or telescope
              subtype:  panoramic_sight__panoramicsight  gunsight (a telescopic device for an artillery piece) that can be rotated horizontally in a full circle
              subtype:  peep_sight  rear gunsight having an adjustable eyepiece with a small aperture through which the front sight and the target are aligned
              subtype:  telescopic_sight__telescope_sight  gunsight consisting of a telescope on a firearm for use as a sight
        subtype:  spectacles__specs__spec__eyeglasses__glasses  optical instrument consisting of a pair of lenses for correcting defective vision
           subtype:  goggles  spectacles worn to protect the eyes
           subtype:  lorgnette  eyeglasses that are held to the eyes with a long handle
           subtype:  pince-nez__pincenez  spectacles clipped to the nose by a spring
           subtype:  sunglasses__dark_glasses__shades  spectacles that are darkened or polarized to protect the eyes from the glare of the sun; "he was wearing a pair of mirrored shades"
        subtype:  prism_spectroscope__prismspectroscope__spectroscope  an optical instrument for spectrographic analysis
           subtype:  mass_spectrometer__spectrometer  spectroscope for obtaining a mass spectrum by deflecting ions into a thin slit and measuring the ion current with an electrometer
              subtype:  mass_spectrograph  a mass spectrometer that produces a graphical representation of the mass spectrum
           subtype:  spectrograph  a spectroscope by which spectra can be photographed
              subtype:  sound_spectrograph__soundspectrograph  a spectrograph for acoustic spectra
     subtype:  plotter  an instrument (usually driven by a computer) for drawing graphs or pictures
     subtype:  scientific_instrument  an instrument used by scientists
        subtype:  particle_accelerator__accelerator__atom_smasher  a scientific instrument that increases the kinetic energy of charged particles
           subtype:  betatron__induction_accelerator__inductionaccelerator  accelerates a continuous beam of electrons to high speeds by means of the electric field produced by changing magnetic flux
           subtype:  charge-exchange_accelerator  an accelerator in which high-energy ions escape from plasma following charge exchange
           subtype:  Cockcroft_and_Walton_accelerator__Cockcroft-Walton_accelerator__Cockcroft_and_Walton_voltage_multiplier__Cockcroft-Walton_voltage_multiplier  a high-voltage machine in which rectifiers charge capacitors that discharge and drive charged particles through an accelerating tube
           subtype:  collider  an accelerator in which two beams of particles are forced to collide head on
              subtype:  electron_accelerator  collider that consists of an accelerator that collides electrons and positrons
              subtype:  proton_accelerator  a collider that collides beams of protons and antiprotons
              subtype:  superconducting_supercollider__superconductingsupercollider  a collider that operates at very low temperatures
           subtype:  cyclotron  an accelerator that imparts energies of several million electron-volts to rapidly moving particles
              subtype:  bevatron  a cyclotron that accelerates protons up to several billion electron volts
              subtype:  synchrocyclotron  cyclotron that achieves relativistic velocities by modulating the frequency of the accelerating electric field
              subtype:  synchrotron  cyclotron in which the electric field is maintained at a constant frequency
                 subtype:  cosmotron  a large proton synchrotron; uses frequency modulation of an electric field to accelerate protons
           subtype:  linear_accelerator__linac  ions are accelerated along a linear path by voltage differences on electrodes along the path
              subtype:  microwave_linear_accelerator  linear accelerator that uses microwaves
        subtype:  armillary_sphere__armillarysphere  model of the celestial sphere; used by early astronomers to determine the positions of stars
        subtype:  console.scientific_instrument  a scientific instrument consisting of displays and an input device that an operator can use to monitor and control a system (especially a computer system)
        subtype:  hodoscope  (physics) scientific instrument that traces the path of a charged particle
        subtype:  kicksorter__pulse_height_analyzer  scientific instrument consisting of an electronic circuit that permits only voltage pulses of predetermined height to pass
        subtype:  kymograph__cymograph  scientific instrument consisting of a rotating drum holding paper on which a stylus traces a continuous record (as of breathing or blood pressure)
        subtype:  magnifier  a scientific instrument that magnifies an image
           subtype:  microscope  magnifier of the image of small objects; "the invention of the microscope led to the discovery of the cell"
              subtype:  electron_microscope  a microscope that is similar in purpose to a light microscope but achieves much greater resolving power by using a parallel beam of electrons to illuminate the object instead of a beam of light
                 subtype:  field-emission_microscope  electron microscope used to observe the surface structure of a solid
              subtype:  light_microscope__lightmicroscope  microscope consisting of an optical instrument that magnifies the image of an object
                 subtype:  binocular_microscope__binocularmicroscope  a light microscope adapted to the use of both eyes
                    subtype:  operating_microscope__operatingmicroscope  binocular microscope used in surgery to provide a clear view of small and inaccessible parts of the body (as in microsurgery)
                 subtype:  compound_microscope  light microscope that has two converging lens systems: the objective and the eyepiece
                 subtype:  simple_microscope__hand_glass__magnifying_glass  light microscope consisting of a single convex lens that is used to produce an enlarged image
                    subtype:  jeweler's_loupe__jeweler'sloupe__loupe  small magnifying glass (usually set in an eyepiece) used by jewelers and horologists
                 subtype:  ultramicroscope__dark-field_microscope  light microscope that uses scattered light to show particles too small to see with ordinary microscopes
           subtype:  telescope__scope  a magnifier of images of distant objects
              subtype:  astronomical_telescope  any telescope designed to collect and record electromagnetic radiation from cosmic sources
                 subtype:  optical_telescope__opticaltelescope  an astronomical telescope designed to collect and record light from cosmic sources
                    subtype:  reflecting_telescope__reflector  optical telescope consisting of a large concave mirror that produces an image that is magnified by the eyepiece
                       subtype:  Cassegrainian_telescope__Gregorian_telescope  a reflecting telescope that has a paraboloidal primary mirror and a hyperboloidal secondary mirror; light is brought to a focus through an aperture in the center of the primary mirror
                       subtype:  coude_telescope__coudetelescope__coude_system__coudesystem  a reflecting telescope so constructed that the light is led to a plate holder or spectrograph
                       subtype:  Herschelian_telescope__off-axis_reflector  a reflecting telescope with the mirror slightly tilted to throw the image to the side where it can be viewed
                       subtype:  Maksutov_telescope  reflecting telescope in which the aberration of the concave mirror is reduced by a meniscus lens
                       subtype:  Newtonian_telescope__Newtonian_reflector  reflecting telescope in which the image is viewed through an eyepiece perpendicular to main axis
                       subtype:  Schmidt_telescope__Schmidt_camera  reflecting telescope that has plate that corrects for aberration so a wide area of sky can be photographed
                    subtype:  refracting_telescope  optical telescope that has a large convex lens that produces an image that is viewed through the eyepiece
                       subtype:  field_glass__fieldglas__glass__glas__spyglas  a small refracting telescope
                       subtype:  Galilean_telescope  a type of refracting telescope that is no longer used in astronomy
                 subtype:  radio_telescope__radiotelescope__radio_reflector__radioreflector  astronomical telescope that picks up electromagnetic radiations in the radio-frequency range from extra-terrestrial sources
                    subtype:  radio_interferometer__radiointerferometer  radio telescope that uses interference patterns from two antennas instead of a parabolic antenna
              subtype:  collimator.telescope  a small telescope attached to a large telescope to use in setting the line of the larger one
              subtype:  solar_telescope__solartelescope  a telescope designed to make observations of the sun
              subtype:  transit_instrument__transitinstrument  a telescope mounted on an axis running east and west and used to time the transit of a celestial body across the meridian
        subtype:  microtome  scientific instrument that cuts thin slices of something for microscopic examination
        subtype:  stroboscope__strobe__strobe_light  scientific instrument that provides a flashing light synchronized with the periodic movement of an object; can make moving object appear stationary
        subtype:  tachistoscope__t-scope__tscope  scientific instrument used by psychologists; presents visual stimuli for brief exposures
        subtype:  telemeter  any scientific instrument for observing events at a distance and transmitting the information back to the observer
     subtype:  surveying_instrument__surveyinginstrument__surveyor's_instrument  an instrument used by surveyors
        subtype:  alidade__alidad  surveying instrument used with a plane table for drawing lines of sight on a distant object and for measuring angles
        subtype:  alidad__alidade  surveying instrument consisting of the upper movable part of a theodolite including the telescope and its attachments
        subtype:  clinometer__inclinometer  an instrument used by surveyors in order to measure an angle of inclination or elevation
        subtype:  plane_table__planetable  surveying instrument consisting of a drawing board and a ruler that are mounted on a tripod; used to sight and map topographical details
        subtype:  range_pole__rangepole__ranging_pole__rangingpole__flagpole  surveying instrument consisting of a straight rod painted in bands of alternate red and white each one foot wide; used for sightings by surveyors
        subtype:  surveyor's_level  surveying instrument consisting basically of a small telescope with an attached spirit level rotating around a vertical axis; for measuring relative heights of land
           subtype:  Abney_level  a surveying instrument consisting of a spirit level and a sighting tube; used to measure the angle of inclination of a line from the observer to the target
           subtype:  Dumpy_level  a surveyor's level having a short telescope fixed to a horizontally rotating table and a spirit level
        subtype:  theodolite__transit  a surveying instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles, consisting of a small telescope mounted on a tripod
           subtype:  tachymeter__tacheometer  a theodolite designed for rapid measurements
     subtype:  tracer.instrument  an instrument used to make tracings
     subtype:  weapon__weapon_system__arm  instrument used in fighting or hunting; "he was licensed to carry a weapon"
        subtype:  bow.weapon_system  curved piece of resilient wood with taut cord to propel arrows
           subtype:  crossbow  a bow fixed transversely on a wooden stock grooved to direct the arrow (quarrel)
           subtype:  Cupid's_bow  a curved bow with reversed curve ends
           subtype:  handbow  a bow drawn by hand as distinguished from a crossbow
           subtype:  longbow  a powerful wooden bow drawn by hand; usually 5-6 feet long; used in medieval England
        subtype:  bow_and_arrow__bowandarrow  a weapon consisting of arrows and the bow to shoot them
        subtype:  brass_knucks__knucks__brass_knuckles__knuckles__knuckle_duster__knuckleduster  a small metal weapon; worn over the knuckles on the back of the hand
        subtype:  fire_ship  a weapon consisting of a ship carrying explosives that is set adrift to destroy enemy ships
        subtype:  flamethrower  a weapon that squirts ignited fuel for several yards
        subtype:  gun  a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)
           subtype:  air_gun__airgun__airgun  a gun that propels a projectile by compressed air
              subtype:  BB_gun  an air gun in which pellets are propelled by air pressure
           subtype:  antiaircraft_gun__antiaircraft__flak__flack__pom-pom__pompom__ack-ack__ackack__ack-ack_gun__ackackgun  artillery designed to shoot upward at airplanes
              subtype:  Bofors_gun  an automatic double-barreled antiaircraft gun
           subtype:  breechloader  a gun that is loaded at the breech
           subtype:  cannon.gun  heavy automatic gun fired from an airplane
           subtype:  firearm__piece__small-arm__smallarm  a portable gun; "he wore his firearm in a shoulder holster"
              subtype:  autoloader  a firearm that reloads itself
                 subtype:  automatic_firearm__automaticfirearm  a firearm that reloads itself and keeps firing until the trigger is released
                    subtype:  automatic_pistol__automaticpistol__automatic  a pistol that will keep firing until the ammunition is gone or the trigger is released
                    subtype:  automatic_rifle__automaticrifle__automatic__machine_rifle__machinerifle  light machine gun
                       subtype:  assault_rifle  any of the automatic rifles with large magazines designed for military use
                       subtype:  Browning_automatic_rifle__BAR  a portable .30 caliber magazine-fed automatic rifle operated by gas pressure; used by United States troops in World Wars I and II and in the Korean War
                 subtype:  semiautomatic_firearm__semiautomaticfirearm  an autoloader that fires only one shot at each pull of the trigger
                    subtype:  Garand_rifle__Garand__M-1__M-1_rifle  a semiautomatic rifle
                    subtype:  semiautomatic_pistol__semiautomaticpistol__semiautomatic  a pistol that is a semiautomatic firearm
                       subtype:  Luger  (trademark) a German semiautomatic pistol
              subtype:  machine_gun__machinegun  a rapidly firing automatic gun (often mounted)
                 subtype:  automatic_rifle__automaticrifle__automatic__machine_rifle__machinerifle  light machine gun
                 subtype:  Browning_machine_gun  a belt-fed machine gun capable of firing more than 500 rounds per minute; used by United States troops in World War II and the Korean War
                 subtype:  Gatling_gun  an early form of machine gun having several barrels that fire in sequence as they are rotated
                 subtype:  Maxim_gun  an obsolete water-cooled machine gun having a single barrel
                 subtype:  Spandau  a German machine gun
                 subtype:  submachine_gun  machine gun that is a portable automatic firearm
                    subtype:  Bren_gun__Bren  a submachine gun operated by gas pressure; used by the British in World War II
                    subtype:  burp_gun__machine_pistol__machinepistol  a fully automatic pistol; a small submachine gun
                    subtype:  Kalashnikov  a type of submachine gun made in Russia
                    subtype:  light_machine_gun__lightmachinegun  a submachine gun not greater than .30 millimeter
                    subtype:  Tommy_gun__Thompson_submachine_gun  a .45-caliber submachine gun
                    subtype:  Uzi  a type of submachine gun that is designed and manufactured in Israel; "the Uzi is the weapon of choice for America's crack pedlars"
              subtype:  muzzle_loader  a firearm that is load through the muzzle
                 subtype:  arquebus__harquebus__harquebu__hackbut__hagbut  an obsolete firearm with a long barrel
                 subtype:  firelock__flintlock  a muzzle loader having a flintlock type of gunlock
                 subtype:  musket  a muzzle-loading shoulder gun with a long barrel; formerly used by infantrymen
                    subtype:  blunderbuss  a short musket of wide bore with a flared muzzle
                    subtype:  fusil  a light flintlock musket
                    subtype:  matchlock  an early style of musket; had a slow burning wick that could be lowered into a hole in the breech to ignite the charge
              subtype:  pistol__handgun__side_arm__shooting_iron  a firearm that is held and fired with one hand
                 subtype:  automatic_pistol__automaticpistol__automatic  a pistol that will keep firing until the ammunition is gone or the trigger is released
                 subtype:  derringer  a pocket pistol of large caliber with a short barrel
                 subtype:  forty-five__fortyfive  a .45-caliber pistol
                 subtype:  gat  (slang) a gangster's pistol
                 subtype:  horse_pistol__horsepistol__horsepistol  a large pistol (usually in a holster) formerly carried by horsemen
                 subtype:  peacekeeper  the pistol of a law officer in the old West
                 subtype:  revolver__six-gun__sixgun__six-shooter__sixshooter  a pistol with a revolving cylinder (usually having six chambers for bullets)
                    subtype:  Colt  (trademark) a kind of revolver
                 subtype:  Saturday_night_special  a cheap handgun that is easily obtained
                 subtype:  semiautomatic_pistol__semiautomaticpistol__semiautomatic  a pistol that is a semiautomatic firearm
                 subtype:  Very_pistol__Verey_pistol  a pistol for firing Very-light flares
                 subtype:  zip_gun__zipgun  a crude homemade pistol
              subtype:  repeating_firearm__repeatingfirearm__repeater  a firearm that can fire several rounds without reloading
                 subtype:  Mauser  trademark for a repeating rifle or pistol
              subtype:  rifle  a shoulder firearm with a long barrel and a rifled bore; "he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired"
                 subtype:  carbine  light automatic rifle
                 subtype:  Garand_rifle__Garand__M-1__M-1_rifle  a semiautomatic rifle
                 subtype:  Winchester  (trade mark) a shoulder rifle
              subtype:  shotgun__scattergun  firearm that is a double-barreled smoothbore shoulder weapon for firing shot at short ranges
                 subtype:  fowling_piece__fowlingpiece  a light shotgun used for fowling
                 subtype:  sawed-off_shotgun__sawedoffshotgun  a shotgun with short barrels
              subtype:  .22__twenty-two  a .22 caliber firearm (pistol or rifle)
                 subtype:  twenty-two_pistol  a .22-caliber pistol
                 subtype:  twenty-two_rifle  a .22-caliber rifle
           subtype:  gas_gun__gasgun  a gun that fires gas shells
           subtype:  minute_gun  gun that is discharged once every minute (usually as part of a military funeral)
           subtype:  Quaker_gun  a dummy gun or piece of artillery made usually of wood
           subtype:  set_gun__setgun__spring_gun  a gun that is set to fire on any intruder that comes in contact with the wire that sets it off
           subtype:  whaling_gun__whalinggun  a gun (or device resembling a gun) for discharging a projectile (especially a harpoon) at a whale
        subtype:  knife.weapon_system  a weapon with a handle and blade with a sharp point
           subtype:  bayonet  a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon
           subtype:  sticker  a short knife with a pointed blade used for piercing or stabbing
              subtype:  dirk  (Scottish) a long dagger with a straight blade
              subtype:  poniard__bodkin  a dagger with a slender blade
              subtype:  stiletto  a small dagger with a tapered blade
           subtype:  flick-knife__flickknife  a knife with the blade hidden in the handle; the blade springs out when a button is pressed
           subtype:  machete__panga  a large heavy knife used in Central and South America as a weapon or for cutting vegetation
           subtype:  shiv  a knife used as a weapon
           subtype:  trench_knife  a knife with a double-edged blade for hand-to-hand fighting
           subtype:  yataghan  a long Turkish knife with a curved blade having a single edge
        subtype:  nuclear_weapon__nuclearweapon  a weapon of mass destruction whose explosive power derives from a nuclear reaction
           subtype:  atom_bomb__atomic_bomb__A-bomb__fission_bomb__fissionbomb__plutonium_bomb__plutoniumbomb  a nuclear weapon in which enormous energy is released by nuclear fission (splitting the nuclei of a heavy element (uranium 235 or plutonium 239))
              subtype:  neutron_bomb__neutronbomb  atom bomb that produces lethal neutrons with less blast
           subtype:  hydrogen_bomb__H-bomb__fusion_bomb__thermonuclear_bomb__thermonuclearbomb  a nuclear weapon that releases atomic energy by union of light (hydrogen) nuclei at high temperatures to form helium
           subtype:  megaton_bomb__megatonbomb  a nuclear weapon with an explosive power equivalent to one million tons of TNT
        subtype:  pike.weapon_system  medieval weapon consisting of a spearhead attached to a long pole or pikestaff; superseded by the bayonet
           subtype:  halberd  a pike fitted with an ax head
           subtype:  partizan__partisan  a pike with a long tapering double-edged blade with lateral projections; 16th and 17th centuries
           subtype:  vouge  a kind of pike used by foot soldiers in the 14th century
        subtype:  projectile__missile  a weapon that is thrown or projected
           subtype:  arrow  a projectile with a straight thin shaft and an arrowhead on one end and stabilizing vanes on the other; intended to be shot from a bow
              subtype:  broad_arrow  an arrow with a wide barbed head
              subtype:  butt_shaft  an arrow without a barb; a target arrow
              subtype:  quarrel  an arrow that is shot from a crossbow; has a head with four edges
           subtype:  throwing_stick__boomerang__throw_stick  (Australian) a curved piece of wood; when properly thrown will return to thrower
              subtype:  kylie__kiley  an Australian boomerang; one side flat and the other convex
           subtype:  bullet__slug  a projectile that is fired from a gun
              subtype:  dumdum_bullet__dumdum  a soft-nosed small-arms bullet that expands when it hits a target and causes a gaping wound
              subtype:  rifle_ball__rifleball  a bullet designed to be fired from a rifle; no longer made spherical in shape
           subtype:  cannonball__cannon_ball__round_shot__roundshot  a solid projectile that in former times was fired from a cannon
           subtype:  dart.projectile  a small narrow pointed missile that is thrown or shot
              subtype:  banderilla  a decorated dart that is implanted in the neck or shoulders of the bull during a bull fight
           subtype:  seeker  a missile equipped with a device that is attracted toward some kind of emission (heat or light or sound or radio waves)
           subtype:  shot.projectile__pellet  a solid missile discharged from a firearm; "the shot buzzed past his ear"
              subtype:  BB_shot__BB  a small pellet fired from an air rifle or BB gun
              subtype:  bird_shot__buckshot__duck_shot  small lead shot for shotgun shells
              subtype:  grapeshot  a cluster of small projectiles fired together from a cannon to produce a hail of shot
              subtype:  musket_ball__ball  a solid ball shot by a musket; "they had to carry a ramrod as well as powder and ball"
           subtype:  spitball  a projectile made by chewing a piece of paper and shaping it into a sphere
        subtype:  spear__lance__shaft  a long pointed rod used as a weapon
           subtype:  assegai__assagai  the slender spear of the Bantu-speaking people of Africa
           subtype:  javelin  a spear thrown as a weapon or in competitive field events
           subtype:  trident  a spear with three prongs
        subtype:  sword__blade__brand__steel  a cutting or thrusting weapon with a long blade
           subtype:  backsword  a sword with only one cutting edge
           subtype:  broadsword  a sword with a broad blade and (usually) two cutting edges; used to cut rather than stab
              subtype:  claymore  a large double-edged broadsword; formerly used by Scottish Highlanders
           subtype:  cavalry_sword__cavalrysword__saber__sabre  a stout sword with a curved blade and thick back
              subtype:  scimitar  a curved oriental saber; the edge is on the convex side of the blade
           subtype:  cutlas__cutlass__cutlas  a short heavy curved sword with one edge; formerly used by sailors
           subtype:  Excalibur  the legendary sword of King Arthur
           subtype:  falchion  a short broad slightly convex medieval sword with a sharp point
           subtype:  fencing_sword__fencingsword  a sword used in the sport of fencing
              subtype:  epee  a fencing sword similar to a foil but with a heavier blade
              subtype:  foil.fencing_sword  a light slender flexible sword tipped by a button
              subtype:  saber__sabre  a fencing sword with a v-shaped blade and a slightly curved handle
           subtype:  rapier  a straight sword with a narrow blade and two edges
        subtype:  tomahawk__hatchet  weapon consisting of a fighting ax; used by North American indians
        subtype:  Greek_fire  a mixture used by Byzantine Greeks that was often shot at adversaries; catches fire when wetted
     subtype:  whip  an instrument with a handle and a flexible lash that is used for whipping
        subtype:  cat-o'-nine-tails__cat  a whip with nine knotted cords; "British sailors feared the cat"
        subtype:  cowhide  a heavy flexible whip made of braided cowhide
        subtype:  horsewhip  a whip for controlling horses
           subtype:  buggy_whip__buggywhip  a horsewhip once used by a driver of a buggy; "since buggies have been replaced by cars the buggy whip has become a symbol for anything that is hopelessly outmoded"
        subtype:  knout  a whip with a lash of leather thongs twisted with wire; used for flogging prisoners
        subtype:  quirt  whip with a leather thong at the end
        subtype:  riding_crop__hunting_crop__huntingcrop  a short whip with a thong at the end and a handle for opening gates
        subtype:  scourge__flagellum  a whip used to inflict punishment (often used for pedantic humor)
        subtype:  strap.whip  whip consisting of a strip of leather used in flogging
           subtype:  tawse  (Scot) a leather strap for punishing children
  subtype:  interrupter  a device for automatically interrupting an electric current
  subtype:  key  metal device shaped in such a way that when it is inserted into the appropriate lock the lock's mechanism can be rotated
     subtype:  ignition_key  a key that operates the ignition switch of an automotive engine
     subtype:  passkey__passe-partout__passepartout__master_key__master  key that secures entrance everywhere
        subtype:  latchkey  passkey for raising or drawing back a latch (especially on an outside door)
        subtype:  skeleton_key  a passkey with much of the bit filed away so that it can open different locks
  subtype:  keyboard  device consisting of a set of keys on a piano or organ or typewriter or typesetting machine or computer or the like
     subtype:  computer_keyboard  a keyboard that is a data input device for computers; arrangement of keys is modelled after the typewriter keyboard
     subtype:  piano_keyboard__pianokeyboard__fingerboard__clavier  a bank of keys on a musical instrument
     subtype:  typewriter_keyboard  a keyboard for manually entering characters to be printed
        subtype:  QWERTY_keyboard  the standard typewriter keyboard; the keys for Q, W, E, R, T, and Y are the first six from the left on the top row of letter keys
  subtype:  Kinetoscope  (trade name) a device invented by Edison that gave an impression of movement as an endless loop of film moved continuously over a light source with a rapid shutter; precursor of the modern motion picture
  subtype:  doorknocker  a device (usually metal and ornamental) attached by a hinge to a door
  subtype:  lifting_device__liftingdevice  a device for lifting heavy loads
     subtype:  crane.lifting_device  lifts and moves heavy objects; lifting tackle is suspended from a pivoted boom that rotates around a vertical axis
        subtype:  davit  a crane-like device (usually one of a pair) for suspending or lowering equipment (as a lifeboat)
        subtype:  derrick.crane  a simple crane having lifting tackle slung from a boom
        subtype:  transporter  a crane for moving material with dispatch as in loading and unloading ships
     subtype:  elevator.lifting_device__lift  lifting device consisting of a platform or cage that is raised and lowered mechanically in a vertical shaft in order to move people from one floor to another in a building
        subtype:  dumbwaiter__food_elevator  a small elevator used to convey food (or other goods) from one floor of a building to another
        subtype:  freight_elevator__freightelevator__service_elevator__serviceelevator  an elevator designed for carrying freight
        subtype:  paternoster  (British) a type of lift having a chain of open compartments that move continually in a loop so that (agile) passengers can step on or off at each floor
     subtype:  hoist  lifting device for raising heavy or cumbersome objects
        subtype:  block_and_tackle__blockandtackle  pulley blocks with associated rope or cable
        subtype:  headgear.hoist  the hoist at the pithead of a mine
        subtype:  wheel_and_axle__wheelandaxle  hoist so arranged that a rope unwinding from a wheel is wound onto a cylindrical drum or shaft coaxial with the wheel
     subtype:  winch__windlass  lifting device consisting of a horizontal cylinder turned by a crank on which a cable or rope winds
        subtype:  capstan  a windlass rotated in a horizontal plane
  subtype:  lighter__light__igniter__ignitor  a device for lighting or igniting fuel or charges or fires; "do you have a light?"
     subtype:  cigar_lighter__cigarlighter__cigarette_lighter__cigarettelighter__pocket_lighter  a lighter for cigars or cigarettes
     subtype:  fuse__fuze__fusee__fuzee__primer__priming  any igniter by which an explosive charge is ignited
        subtype:  detonating_fuse  a fuse containing an explosive
        subtype:  safety_fuse  fuse consisting of a tube or cord filled or saturated with combustible matter
        subtype:  time-fuse  a fuse made to burn for a given time (especially to explode a bomb)
     subtype:  friction_match__match__lucifer  lighter consisting of a thin piece of wood or cardboard tipped with combustible chemical; ignites with friction; "he always carries matches to light his pipe"
        subtype:  fusee__fuzee  a friction match with a large head that will stay alight in the wind
        subtype:  kitchen_match__kitchenmatch  a wooden friction match that will light on any granular surface; useful to light wood or gas stoves
        subtype:  safety_match__book_matches  a paper match that strikes only on a specially prepared surface
        subtype:  slow_match  match or fuse made to burn slowly and evenly
     subtype:  match.lighter  a burning piece of wood or cardboard; "if you drop a match in there the whole place will explode"
  subtype:  machine  any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks
     subtype:  assembly.machine  a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit
        subtype:  sub-assembly__subassembly  a unit assembled separately but designed to fit with other units in a manufactured product
        subtype:  weldment  an assembly of parts welded together
     subtype:  bagger  a machine for putting objects or substances into bags
     subtype:  calculating_machine__calculatingmachine__calculator  a small machine that is used for mathematical calculations
        subtype:  abacus  a calculator that performs arithmetic functions by manually sliding counters on rods or in grooves
        subtype:  adder  a machine that adds
        subtype:  adding_machine__totalizer__totaliser  a calculator that performs simple arithmetic functions
        subtype:  tabulator__counter  a calculator that keeps a record of the number of times something happens
           subtype:  pulse_counter__pulsecounter  an electronic counter that counts the number of electric pulses
              subtype:  scaler  an electronic pulse counter used to count pulses that occur too rapidly to be recorded individually
        subtype:  hand_calculator__pocket_calculator  a calculator small enough to hold in the hand or carry in a pocket
        subtype:  Napier's_bones__Napier's_rods  a set of graduated rods formerly used to do multiplication and division by a method invented by John Napier
        subtype:  quipu  calculator consisting of a cord with attached cords; used by ancient Peruvians for calculating and keeping records
        subtype:  subtracter  a machine that subtracts
     subtype:  calender  a machine that smoothes or glazes paper or cloth by pressing it between plates or passing it through rollers
     subtype:  cash_machine__cash_dispenser__automated_teller_machine__automatic_teller_machine__automated_teller__automatedteller__automatic_teller__automaticteller__ATM  an unattended machine (outside some banks) that dispenses money when a personal coded card is used
     subtype:  electronic_computer__computer__computing_machine__computingmachine__computing_device__computingdevice__data_processor__information_processing_system  a machine for performing calculations automatically
        subtype:  analog_computer__analogue_computer  a computer that represents information by variable quantities (e.g., positions or voltages)
           subtype:  differential_analyzer  an analog computer designed to solve differential equations
           subtype:  slide_rule__sliderule__slipstick  analog computer consisting of a handheld instrument used for rapid calculations; have been replaced by pocket calculators
        subtype:  digital_computer__digitalcomputer  a computer that represents information by numerical (binary) digits
           subtype:  bulletin_board_system__bulletin_board__electronic_bulletin_board__bbs__bb  (computer science) a computer that is running software that allows users to leave messages and access information of general interest
           subtype:  file_server  (computer science) a digital computer that provides workstations on a network with controlled access to shared resources
              subtype:  dedicated_file_server  (computer science) a file server that can be used only as a file server
              subtype:  non-dedicated_file_server  (computer science) a file server that can be used simultaneously as a workstation
           subtype:  mainframe_computer__mainframecomputer__mainframe  a large digital computer serving 100-400 users and occupying a special air-conditioned room
           subtype:  minicomputer  a digital computer of medium size
           subtype:  multiprocessor  a computer that uses two or more processing units under integrated control
           subtype:  personal_computer__PC__microcomputer  a small digital computer based on a microprocessor and designed to be used by one person at a time
              subtype:  desktop_computer__desktopcomputer  a personal computer small enough to fit conveniently in an individual workspace
              subtype:  portable_computer  a personal computer that can easily be carried by hand
                 subtype:  briefcase_computer__briefcasecomputer  a portable computer housed in a box that resembles a briefcase
                 subtype:  hand-held_computer  a portable computer small enough to be carried in your pocket
                 subtype:  laptop_computer__laptop  a portable computer small enough to use in your lap
                 subtype:  notebook_computer__notebook  a small compact portable computer
           subtype:  von_Neumann_machine  any digital computer incorporating the ideas of stored programs and serial counters that were proposed in 1946 by von Neumann and his colleagues
           subtype:  workstation  a desktop digital computer that is conventionally considered to be more powerful than a microcomputer
        subtype:  node.electronic_computer__client__guest  (computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a computer network
        subtype:  number_cruncher  a computer capable of performing a large number of mathematical operations per second
        subtype:  pari-mutuel_machine__totalizer__totaliser__totalizator__totalisator  computer that registers bets and divides the total amount bet among those who won
        subtype:  predictor  a computer for controlling antiaircraft fire that computes the position of an aircraft at the instant of a shell's arrival
        subtype:  server.electronic_computer__host  (computer science) a computer that provides client stations with access to files and printers as shared resources to a computer network
        subtype:  Turing_machine  a hypothetical computer with an infinitely long memory tape
        subtype:  web_site__website__internetsite__site  a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web; "the Israeli web site was damaged by hostile hackers"
     subtype:  concrete_mixer__cement_mixer  a machine with a large revolving drum in which cement is mixed with other materials to make concrete
     subtype:  corker  a machine that is used to put corks in bottles
     subtype:  cotton_gin__gin  a machine that separates the seeds from raw cotton fibers
     subtype:  decoder  a machine that converts a coded text into ordinary language
     subtype:  farm_machine  a machine used in farming
        subtype:  cultivator__tiller  a farm implement used to break up the surface of the soil (for aeration and weed control and conservation of moisture)
           subtype:  harrow  a cultivator that pulverizes or smoothes the soil
              subtype:  disk_harrow__disc_harrow  a harrow with a series of disks set on edge at an angle
        subtype:  harvester__reaper  farm machine that gathers a food crop from the fields
           subtype:  reaper_binder__binder  a machine that cuts grain and binds it in sheaves
           subtype:  combine  harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field
           subtype:  header.harvester  a machine that cuts the heads off grain and moves them into a wagon
        subtype:  haymaker__hay_conditioner__hayconditioner  a farm machine that treats hay to cause more rapid and even drying
        subtype:  thresher__thrasher__threshing_machine__threshingmachine  a farm machine for separating seeds or grain from the husks and straw
     subtype:  franking_machine  a machine that automatically stamps letters or packages passing through it and computes the total charge
     subtype:  hop-picker__hoppicker__hopper  a machine used for picking hops
     subtype:  machinery  machines or machine systems collectively
        subtype:  enginery  machinery consisting of engines collectively
     subtype:  machine_tool__machinetool  a powered machine for cutting or shaping or finishing metals or other materials
        subtype:  grinder  a machine tool that polishes metal
        subtype:  shaping_machine__shaper  a machine tool for shaping metal or wood
           subtype:  lathe  machine tool for shaping metal or wood; the workpiece turns about a horizontal axis against a fixed tool
              subtype:  bench_lathe__benchlathe  lathe mounted on a workbench
           subtype:  milling_machine__millingmachine__miller  machine tool in which metal that is secured to a carriage is fed against rotating cutters that shape it
     subtype:  milking_machine__milkingmachine  machine consisting of a suction apparatus for milking cows mechanically
     subtype:  mill__grinder  machine that processes materials by grinding or crushing
        subtype:  cider_mill__cidermill  mill that extracts juice from apples to make apple cider
        subtype:  coffee_mill__coffee_grinder  a mill that grinds roasted coffee beans
        subtype:  flour_mill__flourmill  a mill for grinding grain into flour
        subtype:  gristmill  a mill for grinding grain (especially the customer's own grain)
        subtype:  meat_grinder.mill__meatgrinder  a mill for grinding meat
        subtype:  pepper_mill__pepper_grinder  a mill for grinding pepper
        subtype:  quern  a primitive stone mill for grinding corn by hand
        subtype:  spicemill  a mill for grinding spices
        subtype:  treadwheel__treadmill  a mill that is powered by men or animals walking on a circular belt or climbing steps
        subtype:  water_mill__watermill  a mill powered by a water wheel
        subtype:  windmill  a mill that is powered by the wind
     subtype:  motor  machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion
        subtype:  electric_motor  a motor that converts electricity to mechanical work
           subtype:  starter_motor__startermotor__starter__startingmotor  an electric motor for starting an engine
              subtype:  kick_starter__kick_start  a starter (as on a motorcycle) that is activated with the foot and the weight of the body
              subtype:  self-starter  an electric starting motor that automatically starts an internal-combustion engine
           subtype:  synchronous_motor__synchronousmotor  electric motor in which the speed of rotation is proportional to the frequency of the A.C. power
           subtype:  wiper_motor__wipermotor  electric motor that moves the windshield wiper
        subtype:  engine  motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work
           subtype:  aircraft_engine  the engine that powers and aircraft
           subtype:  automobile_engine  the engine that propels an automobile
           subtype:  auxiliary_engine__auxiliaryengine__donkey_engine  a small engine (as one used on board ships to operate a windlass)
           subtype:  generator  engine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction
              subtype:  alternator  an old term for an electric generator that produces alternating current (especially in automobiles)
              subtype:  dynamo  generator consisting of a coil (the armature) that rotates between the poles of an electromagnet (the field magnet) causing a current to flow in the armature
              subtype:  magneto__magnetoelectric_machine__magnetoelectricmachine  a small dynamo with a secondary winding that produces a high voltage enabling a spark to jump between the poles of a spark plug in a gasoline engine
              subtype:  turbogenerator  generator consisting of a steam turbine coupled to an electric generator for the production of electric power
              subtype:  aerogenerator__windmill__wind_generator  generator that extracts usable energy from winds
           subtype:  heat_engine  any engine that makes use of heat to do work
              subtype:  external-combustion_engine  a heat engine in which ignition occurs outside the chamber (cylinder or turbine) in which heat is converted to mechanical energy
                 subtype:  steam_engine__steamengine  external-combustion engine in which heat is used to raise steam which either turns a turbine or forces a piston to move up and down in a cylinder
              subtype:  internal-combustion_engine__ICE  a heat engine in which combustion occurs inside the engine rather than in a separate furnace; heat expands a gas that either moves a piston or turns a gas turbine
                 subtype:  diesel_engine__diesel__diesel_motor  an internal-combustion engine that burns heavy oil
                 subtype:  four-stroke_engine__four-stroke_internal-combustion_engine  an internal-combustion engine in which an explosive mixture is drawn into the cylinder on the first stroke and is compressed and ignited on the second stroke; work is done on the third stroke and the products of combustion are exhausted on the fourth stroke
                 subtype:  gas_engine__gasengine  an internal-combustion engine similar to a gasoline engine but using natural gas instead of gasoline vapor
                 subtype:  gasoline_engine  an internal-combustion engine that burns gasoline; most automobiles are driven by gasoline engines
                    subtype:  put-put__putput  (informal) a small gasoline engine (as on motor boat)
                 subtype:  outboard_motor__outboard  internal-combustion engine that mounts at stern of small boat
                 subtype:  radial_engine__rotary_engine  an internal-combustion engine having cylinders arranged radially around a central crankcase
                 subtype:  reciprocating_engine__reciprocatingengine  an internal-combustion engine in which the crankshaft is turned by pistons moving up and down in cylinders
                 subtype:  rotary_engine  an internal-combustion engine in which power is transmitted directly to rotating components
                    subtype:  turbine  rotary engine in which the kinetic energy of a moving fluid is converted into mechanical energy by causing a bladed rotor to rotate
                       subtype:  gas_turbine__gasturbine  turbine that converts the chemical energy of a liquid fuel into mechanical energy by internal combustion; gaseous products of the fuel (which is burned in compressed air) are expanded through a turbine
                       subtype:  hydroelectric_turbine__hydroelectricturbine  turbine consisting of a large and efficient version of a water wheel used to drive an electric generator
                          subtype:  Francis_turbine  a type of hydroelectric turbine
                       subtype:  impulse_turbine__impulseturbine  a turbine that is driven by jets direct against the blades
                       subtype:  reaction_turbine  a turbine with blades arranged to develop torque from gradual decrease of steam pressure from inlet to exhaust
                       subtype:  steam_turbine__steamturbine  turbine in which steam strikes blades and makes them turn
                    subtype:  Wankel_engine__Wankel_rotary_engine__epitrochoidal_engine__epitrochoidalengine  a rotary engine that is a four-stroke internal-combustion engine without reciprocating parts
                 subtype:  valve-in-head_engine  internal-combustion engine having both inlet and exhaust valves located in the cylinder head
           subtype:  reaction-propulsion_engine__reaction_engine  a jet or rocket engine based on a form of aerodynamic propulsion in which the vehicle emits a high-speed stream
              subtype:  ion_engine__ionengine  a type of reaction-propulsion engine to propel rockets in space; a stream of positive ions is accelerated to a high velocity by an electric field
              subtype:  jet_engine__jetengine  a gas turbine produces a stream of hot gas that propels a jet plane by reaction propulsion
                 subtype:  ramjet_engine__ramjet__atherodyde__athodyd__flying_drainpipe  a simple type of jet engine; must be launched at high speed
                 subtype:  rocket_engine__rocket  a jet engine containing its own propellant and driven by reaction propulsion
                    subtype:  takeoff_booster__takeoffbooster__booster__booster_rocket__boosterrocket__booster_unit__boosterunit__multistage_rocket__takeoff_rocket__takeoffrocket  the first stage of a multistage rocket
                    subtype:  nuclear_rocket__nuclearrocket  a rocket engine in which a nuclear reactor is used to heat a propellant
                    subtype:  retrorocket  a small rocket engine on a larger rocket or spacecraft that is fired to slow or alter its course
                    subtype:  space_rocket__spacerocket  a rocket powerful enough to travel into outer space
                    subtype:  thruster  a small rocket engine that provides the thrust needed to maneuver a spacecraft
                 subtype:  turbojet_engine__turbojet__turbofan__turbofan_engine  jet engine in which a turbine drives air to the burner
     subtype:  pavior__paviour__paving_machine  a machine for laying pavement
     subtype:  perpetual_motion_machine  a machine that can continue to do work indefinitely without drawing energy from some external source; impossible under the law of conservation of energy
     subtype:  pile_driver  a machine that drives piling into the ground
     subtype:  power_shovel__powershovel__excavator__digger__shovel  a machine for excavating
        subtype:  backhoe  an excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn backward to move earth
        subtype:  dredge  a power shovel to remove material from a channel or riverbed
        subtype:  steam_shovel__steamshovel  a power shovel that is driven by steam
     subtype:  power_tool__powertool  a tool driven by a motor
        subtype:  polisher__buffer  a power tool used to buff surfaces
        subtype:  burr.power_tool  rotary file for smoothing rough edges left on a workpiece
        subtype:  drum_sander__electric_sander__sander__smoother  a power tool used for sanding wood; a loop of sandpaper is moved at high speed by an electric motor
        subtype:  power_hammer__powerhammer__hammer  a power tool for drilling rocks
           subtype:  air_hammer__airhammer__jackhammer__pneumatic_hammer__pneumatichammer  a hammer driven by compressed air
           subtype:  electric_hammer  a hammer driven by electric motor
           subtype:  triphammer  a massive power hammer; raised by a cam until released to fall under gravity
        subtype:  planer__plane__planing_machine__planingmachine  a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood
        subtype:  power_drill__powerdrill  a power tool for making holes in hard materials
           subtype:  electric_drill__drill  a rotating power drill powered by an electric motor
           subtype:  pneumatic_drill__pneumaticdrill  a power drill powered by compressed air
        subtype:  power_saw__powersaw__saw__sawingmachine  a power tool for cutting wood
           subtype:  bandsaw  a toothed metal band driven by two wheels
           subtype:  chain_saw__chainsaw__chainsaw  portable power saw; teeth linked to form an endless chain
           subtype:  circular_saw__buzz_saw  a power saw that has a steel disk with cutting teeth on the periphery; rotates on a spindle
              subtype:  portable_saw  a portable circular saw (with a hand grip)
           subtype:  gangsaw  a power saw that has several parallel blades making simultaneous cuts
           subtype:  jigsaw__scroll_saw__fretsaw  fine-toothed power saw with a narrow blade; used to cut curved outlines
           subtype:  sawmill  a large sawing machine
        subtype:  router  a power tool with a shaped cutter; used in carpentry for cutting grooves
        subtype:  stamping_machine__stamper  a power tool that stamps; "a metal stamper"
     subtype:  mechanical_press__press__pres  any machine that exerts pressure to form or shape or cut materials or extract liquids or compress solids
        subtype:  cheese_press  a press for shaping cheese curd
        subtype:  ciderpress  a press that is used to extract the juice from apples
        subtype:  garlic_press  a press for extracting juice from garlic
        subtype:  hydraulic_press__hydraulicpres  press in which a force applied by a piston to a small area is transmitted through water to another piston having a large area
        subtype:  punch_press__punchpres  a power driven press used to shape metal parts
           subtype:  bench_press.punch_press__benchpres  a small punch press mounted on a workbench
        subtype:  winepress__winepres  a press that is used to extract the juice from grapes
     subtype:  printing_press__press__pres  a machine used for printing
        subtype:  rotary_press  a printing press for printing from a revolving cylinder
        subtype:  standing_press  a large printing press that exerts pressure vertically
     subtype:  printing_machine__printer  a machine that prints
        subtype:  addressing_machine__Addressograph  a printer that automatically prints addresses on letters for mailing
        subtype:  character_printer__characterprinter__character-at-a-time_printer__serial_printer  a printer that prints a single character at a time
           subtype:  daisywheel_printer  a printer that uses a daisy print wheel
           subtype:  teletypewriter__teleprinter__teletype_machine__telex__telex_machine  a character printer connected to a telegraph that operates like a typewriter
           subtype:  stock_ticker__stockticker  character printer that automatically prints stock quotations on tickertape
           subtype:  typewriter  hand-operated character printer for printing written messages one character at a time
              subtype:  electric_typewriter  a typewriter powered by an electric motor
              subtype:  portable  a small light typewriter; usually with a case in which it can be carried
        subtype:  electrostatic_printer__electrostaticprinter  a printer that uses an electric charge to deposit toner on paper
           subtype:  laser_printer__laserprinter  electrostatic printer that focuses a laser beam to form images that are transferred to paper electrostatically
        subtype:  impact_printer  a printer that prints by mechanical impacts
           subtype:  bar_printer__barprinter  an impact printer that uses a bar to carry the type slugs
           subtype:  chain_printer__chainprinter  an impact printer that carries the type slugs by links of a revolving chain
           subtype:  wire_matrix_printer__wire_printer__stylus_printer  an impact printer in which each character is represented by a pattern of dots made by wires or styli
        subtype:  line_printer__line-at-a-time_printer  printer that serves as an output device on a computer; prints a whole line of characters at a time
           subtype:  drum_printer  a line printer in which the type is mounted on a rotating drum that contains a full character set for each printing position
        subtype:  page_printer__page-at-a-time_printer  a printer that prints one page at a time
           subtype:  xerographic_printer__xerographicprinter  a page printer that uses the xerographic process
        subtype:  thermal_printer  a printer that produces characters by applying heat to special paper that is sensitive to heat
        subtype:  typesetting_machine__typesettingmachine  a printer that sets textual material in type
           subtype:  Linotype_machine__Linotype  (trade mark) a typesetting machine operated from a keyboard that casts an entire line as a single slug of metal
           subtype:  monotype  a typesetting machine operated from a keyboard that sets separate characters
     subtype:  record_player__phonograph  machine in which rotating records cause a stylus to vibrate and the vibrations are amplified acoustically or electronically
        subtype:  acoustic_gramophone__gramophone  an antique record player; the sound of the vibrating needle is amplified acoustically
           subtype:  Victrola  (trademark) a brand of gramophone
        subtype:  jukebox__nickelodeon  a cabinet containing an automatic record player; records are played by inserting a coin
     subtype:  riveting_machine__riveter__rivetter  a machine for driving rivets
     subtype:  self-feeder__feeder  a machine that automatically provides a supply of some material (especially one that discharges feed into a trough for livestock)
     subtype:  simulator  a machine that simulates an environment for the purpose of training or research
        subtype:  flight_simulator__trainer  simulator consisting of a machine on the ground that simulates the conditions of flying a plane
           subtype:  Link_trainer  (trademark) an early form of flight simulator
     subtype:  slicer.machine  a machine for cutting; usually with a revolving blade
     subtype:  slot_machine__coin_machine  a machine that is operated by the insertion of a coin in a slot
        subtype:  one-armed_bandit__onearmedbandit__slot  a slot machine that is used for gambling; "they spend hours and hours just playing the slots"
        subtype:  vending_machine__vendingmachine  a slot machine for selling goods
           subtype:  automat.vending_machine  a vending machine from which you can get food
     subtype:  snow_thrower__snow_blower  a machine that removes snow by scooping it up and throwing it forcefully through a chute
     subtype:  sorter  a machine for sorting things (such as punched cards or letters) into classes
        subtype:  mailsorter  a sorter for sorting mail according to the address
     subtype:  stamp.machine__pestle  machine consisting of a heavy bar that moves vertically for pounding or crushing ores
     subtype:  stapler__stapling_machine  a machine that inserts staples into sheets of paper in order to fasten them together
     subtype:  textile_machine__textilemachine  a machine for making textiles
        subtype:  knitting_machine  a textile machine that makes knitted fabrics
        subtype:  loom  a textile machine for weaving yarn into a textile
           subtype:  carpet_loom  a loom for weaving carpeting
           subtype:  figure_loom__figured-fabric_loom  a loom for weaving figured fabrics
           subtype:  handloom  a loom powered by hand
              subtype:  high-warp_loom  a handloom in which the warp is carried vertically; for weaving tapestry
              subtype:  low-warp-loom  a handloom in which the warp is carried horizontally; for weaving tapestry
           subtype:  Jacquard_loom  a loom with an attachment for forming openings for the passage of the shuttle between the warp threads
           subtype:  power_loom__powerloom  a loom operated mechanically
        subtype:  sewing_machine  a textile machine used as a home appliance for sewing
           subtype:  serger  a sewing machine that overcasts the raw edges of a fabric with a V-shaped stitch
        subtype:  spinning_machine  a textile machine for spinning yarn and thread
           subtype:  spinning_frame  spinning machine that draws, twists, and winds yarn
           subtype:  spinning_jenny  an early spinning machine with multiple spindles
           subtype:  spinning_wheel  a small domestic spinning machine with a single spindle that is driven by hand or foot
           subtype:  throstle  a spinning machine formerly used to twist and wind fibers of cotton or wool continuously
        subtype:  willow  a textile machine having a system of revolving spikes for opening and cleaning raw textile fibers
     subtype:  time_machine  a science fiction machine that is supposed to transport people or objects into the past or the future
     subtype:  trimmer  a machine that trims timber
     subtype:  workhorse.machine  machine that performs dependably under heavy use; "the IBM main frame computers have been the workhorse of the business world"
  subtype:  magnet  a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field
     subtype:  bar_magnet__barmagnet  a magnet in the form of a bar with magnetic poles at each end
     subtype:  electromagnet  a temporary magnet made by coiling wire around an iron core; when current flows in the coil the iron becomes a magnet
        subtype:  magnetic_head  an electromagnet (as on a tape recorder) that converts electrical variations into magnetic variations that can be stored on a surface a later retrieved
     subtype:  field_magnet__fieldmagnet  a magnet that provides a magnetic field in a dynamo or electric motor
     subtype:  magnetic_needle  a slender magnet suspended in a magnetic compass on a mounting with little friction; used to indicate the direction of the earth's magnetic pole
     subtype:  paramagnet  magnet made of a substance whose magnetization is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field applied to it
     subtype:  permanent_magnet__permanentmagnet__static_magnet  a magnet that retains its magnetism after being removed from a magnetic field
        subtype:  stud_finder  a small permanent magnet in a metal container; when the magnet clicks against the container it indicates that the magnet is directly over an iron nail that holds the wallboard to a stud
        subtype:  lodestone__loadstone  magnetite that possess polarity and has the power to attract as well as to be attracted magnetically
     subtype:  solenoid  a coil of wire around an iron core; becomes a magnet when current passes through the coil
  subtype:  mechanism  device consisting of a piece of machinery; has moving parts that perform some function
     subtype:  action_mechanism__action  the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism; "the piano had a very stiff action"
        subtype:  gunlock__firing_mechanism  the action that ignites the charge in a firearm
           subtype:  flintlock  a gunlock that has flint embedded in the hammer; the flint makes a spark that ignites the charge
           subtype:  wheel_lock__wheellock  an obsolete gunlock using flint and a revolving wheel
        subtype:  movement.action_mechanism  the driving and regulating parts of a mechanism (as of a watch or clock); "it was an expensive watch with a diamond movement"
        subtype:  piano_action__pianoaction  action consisting of a system of levers that move a felt hammer to strike the strings when a key is depressed
        subtype:  pump_action__slide_action__slideaction  action mechanism in a modern rifle or shotgun; a back and forward motion of a sliding lever ejects the empty shell case and cocks the firearm and loads a new round
     subtype:  actuator  a mechanism that puts something into automatic action
        subtype:  rotary_actuator__positioner  (computer science) the actuator that moves a read/write head to the proper data track
     subtype:  robot__automaton__golem  a mechanism that can move automatically
        subtype:  android__humanoid__mechanical_man  an automaton that resembles a human being
     subtype:  axis_of_rotation__axis  the center around which something rotates
        subtype:  pivot.axis_of_rotation__pin  axis consisting of a short shaft that supports something that turns
           subtype:  fulcrum  the pivot about which a lever turns
           subtype:  pintle  a pin or bolt forming the pivot of a hinge
        subtype:  rotor_head__rotorhead__rotor_shaft__rotorshaft  the axis around which the major rotor of a helicopter turns
     subtype:  carriage  a machine part that carries something else
        subtype:  typewriter_carriage  a carriage for carrying a sheet of paper
     subtype:  cartridge_ejector__cartridgeejector__ejector  a mechanism in a firearm that ejects the empty shell case after firing
     subtype:  cartridge_extractor__cartridgeextractor__cartridge_remover__cartridgeremover__extractor  a mechanism in a firearm that pulls an empty shell case out of the chamber and passes it to the ejector
     subtype:  clockwork  any mechanism of geared wheels that is driven by a coiled spring; resembles the works of a mechanical clock
     subtype:  controller__control  a mechanism that controls the operation of a machine; "the speed control on his turntable was not working properly"; "I turned the controls over to her"
        subtype:  cruise_control  control mechanism for keeping an automobile at a set speed
        subtype:  dial.controller  the control on a radio or television set that is used for tuning
        subtype:  disk_controller  (computer science) a circuit or chip that translates commands into a form that can control a hard disk drive
        subtype:  governor.controller__regulator  a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel)
           subtype:  timer.governor  a regulator that activates or deactivates a mechanism at set times
        subtype:  handwheel  control consisting of a wheel whose rim serves as the handle by which a part is operated
           subtype:  steering_wheel__wheel  a handwheel that is used for steering
        subtype:  joystick  a manual control consisting of a vertical handle that can move freely in two directions; used as an input device to computers or to devices controlled by computers
        subtype:  regulator  any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
           subtype:  aperture  a device that controls amount of light admitted
           subtype:  ballcock__ball_cock  floating ball that controls level in a water tank
           subtype:  draft.regulator  a regulator for controlling the flow of air in a fireplace
           subtype:  faucet  a regulator for controlling the flow of a liquid from a reservoir
              subtype:  mixing_faucet  single faucet for separate hot and cold water pipes
              subtype:  stopcock__cock__turncock  faucet consisting of a rotating device for regulating flow of a liquid
              subtype:  water_faucet__waterfaucet__water_tap__watertap__tap__spigot__hydrant  a faucet for drawing water from a pipe or cask
           subtype:  flywheel  regulator consisting of a heavy wheel that stores kinetic energy and smoothes the operation of a reciprocating engine
           subtype:  peg  regulator that can be turned to regulate the pitch of the strings of a stringed instrument
           subtype:  petcock  regulator consisting of a small cock or faucet or valve for letting out air or releasing compression or draining
           subtype:  register.regulator  a regulator (as a sliding plate) for regulating the flow of air into a furnace or other heating device
           subtype:  safety_valve__relief_valve__escape_valve__escape_cock__escape  a valve in a container in which pressure can build up (as a steam boiler); it opens automatically when the pressure reaches a dangerous level
           subtype:  sluicegate__sluice_valve__floodgate__penstock__head_gate__water_gate__watergate  regulator consisting of a valve or gate that controls the rate of water flow through a sluice
           subtype:  thermostat__thermoregulator  a regulator for automatically regulating temperature by starting or stopping the supply of heat
              subtype:  cryostat  a thermostat that operates at very low temperatures
              subtype:  pyrostat  a thermostat that operates at very high temperatures
        subtype:  switch__switch_device  control consisting of a mechanical or electrical or electronic device for making or breaking or changing the connections in a circuit
           subtype:  commutator  switch for reversing the direction of an electric current
           subtype:  ignition_switch  switch that operates a solenoid that closes a circuit to operate the starter
           subtype:  push_button__push__button  an electrical switch operated by pressing a button; "the elevator was operated by push buttons"; "the push beside the bed operated a buzzer at the desk"
              subtype:  bell_push  a button that is pushed to ring a bell
              subtype:  doorbell__bell__buzzer  a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed
                 subtype:  night_bell__nightbell  a doorbell to be used at night
              subtype:  horn_button  a button that you press to activate the horn of an automobile
              subtype:  mouse_button__mousebutton  a push button on the mouse
              subtype:  reset_button__resetbutton  a push button that you press to activate the reset mechanism
           subtype:  selector_switch__selector  a switch that is used to select among alternatives
              subtype:  telephone_dial__telephonedial__dial  a disc on a telephone that is rotated a fixed distance for each number called
           subtype:  time-switch  a switch set to operate at a desired time
           subtype:  toggle_switch__toggle__on-off_switch  a hinged switch that can assume either of two positions
              subtype:  DIP_switch__dual_inline_package_switch  (computer science) one of a set of small on-off switches mounted in computer hardware; used in place of jumpers to configure the machine for a user
           subtype:  switching_object__switchingobject
              subtype:  toll_switch
              subtype:  office_switch
              subtype:  tandem_switch
              subtype:  router
              subtype:  PBX  public branch exchange
              subtype:  international_gateway  international switch
        subtype:  valve  control consisting of a mechanical device for controlling the flow of a fluid
           subtype:  throttle__accelerator__throttle_valve  a valve that regulates the supply of fuel to the engine
           subtype:  ball_valve  any valve that checks flow by the seating of a ball
           subtype:  butterfly_valve__butterflyvalve  a valve in a carburetor that consists of a disc that turns and acts as a throttle
           subtype:  choke  a valve that controls the flow of air into the carburetor of a gasoline engine
              subtype:  automatic_choke  a choke that automatically controls the flow of air to the carburetor
           subtype:  clack_valve__clackvalve__clack__clapper_valve__clappervalve  a simple valve with a hinge on one side; allows fluid to flow in only one direction
           subtype:  exhaust_valve__exhaustvalve  a valve through which burned gases from a cylinder escape into the exhaust manifold
           subtype:  intake_valve  a valve that controls the flow of fluid through an intake
           subtype:  poppet_valve__poppet  a mushroom-shaped valve that rises perpendicular from its seat; commonly used in internal-combustion engines
           subtype:  safety_valve__relief_valve__escape_valve__escape_cock__escape  a valve in a container in which pressure can build up (as a steam boiler); it opens automatically when the pressure reaches a dangerous level
           subtype:  slide_valve__slidevalve  valve that opens and closes a passageway by sliding over a port
     subtype:  cooling_system__coolingsystem__cooling  a mechanism for keeping something cool; "the cooling was overhead fans"
        subtype:  air-conditioner__airconditioner__air-conditioning__airconditioning  a system that keeps air cool and dry
        subtype:  coolant_system__coolantsystem  a cooling system that uses a fluid to transfer heat from one place to another
        subtype:  cooling_tower__coolingtower  a cooling system used in industry to cool hot water (by partial evaporation) before reusing it as a coolant
        subtype:  evaporative_cooler__evaporativecooler  a cooing system that cools by evaporation
        subtype:  refrigeration_system__refrigerationsystem  a cooling system for chilling or freezing (usually for preservative purposes)
     subtype:  delayed_action__delayedaction  a mechanism that automatically delays the release of a camera shutter for a fixed period of time so that the photographer can appear in the picture
     subtype:  drive.mechanism  a mechanism by which force or power is transmitted in a machine; "a variable speed drive permitted operation through a range of speeds"
     subtype:  drive_line_system__drive_line__driveline  mechanism that transmits power from the engine to the driving wheels of a motor vehicle
     subtype:  film_advance  a mechanism for advancing film in a camera or projector
     subtype:  gear_mechanism__gear  a mechanism for transmitting motion by gears for some specific purpose (as the steering gear of a vehicle)
        subtype:  first_gear__firstgear__first__low_gear__lowgear__low  the lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; used to start a car moving
        subtype:  gearset  a set of gears
        subtype:  high_gear__high  a forward gear with a gear ratio giving high vehicle velocity for a given engine speed
           subtype:  overdrive  a high gear used at high speeds to maintain the driving speed with less output power
        subtype:  park.gear_mechanism  a gear position that acts as a parking brake; "the put the car in park and got out"
        subtype:  reverse  the gears by which the motion of a machine can be reversed
        subtype:  second_gear__second  the gear that has the second lowest forward gear ratio in the gear box of a motor vehicle; "he had to shift down into second to make the hill"
        subtype:  steering_gear  a gear that couples the the steering wheel to the steering linkage of a motor vehicle
        subtype:  third_gear__thirdgear__third  the third from the lowest forward ratio gear in the gear box of a motor vehicle; "you shouldn't try to start in third gear"
        subtype:  transmission_system__transmission  the gears that transmit power from an automobile engine via the driveshaft to the live axle
           subtype:  automatic_transmission__automatictransmission__automatic_drive__automaticdrive  a transmission that automatically changes the gears according to the speed of the car
           subtype:  four-wheel_drive__4WD  a transmission that provides power directly to all four wheels of a motor vehicle
           subtype:  standard_transmission__stick_shift__stickshift  a transmission that is operated manually with a gear lever and a clutch pedal
     subtype:  homing_device  the mechanism in a guided missile that guides it toward its objective
     subtype:  hydraulic_system__hydraulicsystem  a mechanism operated by the resistance offered or the pressure transmitted when a liquid is forced through a small opening or tube
     subtype:  ignition_system__ignition  the mechanism that ignites the fuel in an internal-combustion engine
     subtype:  lock.mechanism  a mechanism that detonates the charge of a gun
     subtype:  mechanical_device  mechanism consisting of a device that works on mechanical principles
        subtype:  bellows__bellow__blower  a mechanical device that blows air onto a fire to make it burn more fiercely
        subtype:  broadcaster.mechanical_device__spreader  a mechanical device for scattering something (seed or fertilizer or sand etc.) in all directions
        subtype:  bumper  a mechanical device consisting of bars at either end of vehicle absorb shock and prevent damage
        subtype:  bumper_guard  vertical bars attached to a bumper to prevent locking bumpers with another vehicle
        subtype:  carburetor__carburettor  mixes air with gasoline vapor prior to explosion
        subtype:  compressor  a mechanical device that compresses gasses
           subtype:  air_compressor__aircompressor  a compressor that takes in air at atmospheric pressure and delivers it at a higher pressure
           subtype:  supercharger  compressor that forces increased oxygen into the cylinders of an internal-combustion engine
        subtype:  copyholder  mechanical device used in printing; holds the copy for the compositor
        subtype:  coupler__coupling  a mechanical device that serves to connect the ends of adjacent objects
           subtype:  clevis  a coupling to attach a drawbar to a plow or wagon or trailer etc.
           subtype:  clutch.coupler  a coupling that connects or disconnects driving and driven parts of a driving mechanism
              subtype:  friction_clutch  a clutch in which one part turns the other by the friction between them
                 subtype:  cone_clutch__cone_friction_clutch  a friction clutch in which the frictional surfaces are cone-shaped
                 subtype:  disk_clutch  a friction clutch in which the frictional surfaces are disks
                 subtype:  slip_clutch__slip_friction_clutch  a friction clutch that will slip with the torque is too great
           subtype:  fluid_drive__fluiddrive  an automotive power coupling
           subtype:  swivel  a coupling (as in a chain) that has one end that turns on a headed pin
           subtype:  universal_joint__universaljoint__universal  coupling that connects two rotating shafts allowing freedom of movement in all directions; "in motor vehicles a universal joint allows the driveshaft to move up and down as the vehicle passes over bumps"
        subtype:  hair_curler__curler__roller__crimper  a mechanical device consisting of a cylindrical tube around which the hair is wound to curl it; "a woman with her head full of curlers is not a pretty sight"
        subtype:  diaphragm.mechanical_device__stop  a mechanical device in a camera that controls size of aperture of the lens; "the new cameras adjust the diaphragm automatically"
           subtype:  iris_diaphragm__iris  diaphragm consisting of thin overlapping plates that can be adjusted to change the diameter of a central opening
        subtype:  dicer  a mechanical device used for dicing food
        subtype:  dildo  a mechanical device that substitutes for an erect penis to provide vaginal stimulation
           subtype:  vibrator.dildo  dildo that has a vibrating tip
        subtype:  electromechanical_device__electromechanicaldevice  a mechanical device that is operated by electricity
        subtype:  escapement  mechanical device that regulates movement
        subtype:  gearshift__gearstick__shifter  a mechanical device for engaging and disengaging gears
        subtype:  hook.mechanical_device__claw  a mechanical device that is curved or bent to suspend or hold or pull something
           subtype:  ground_tackle__anchor  a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving
              subtype:  grapnel_anchor__grapnelanchor__grapnel  a light anchor for small boats
              subtype:  mooring_anchor__mooringanchor  an anchor used to hold a mooring buoy or a channel marker in place
              subtype:  mushroom_anchor  an anchor used for semipermanent moorings; has a bowl-shaped head that will dig in however it falls
              subtype:  sheet_anchor__sheetanchor__waist_anchor__waistanchor  spare anchor for use in emergency
           subtype:  pothook  an S-shaped hook to suspend a pot over a fire
              subtype:  trammel.pothook  an adjustable pothook set in a fireplace
           subtype:  tenterhook  one of a series of hooks used to hold cloth on a tenter
        subtype:  simple_machine__machine  a device for overcoming resistance at one point by applying force at some other point
           subtype:  inclined_plane  a simple machine for elevating objects; consists of plane surface that makes an acute angle with the horizontal
              subtype:  ramp__incline  an inclined surface or roadway that moves traffic from one level to another
                 subtype:  ski_jump__skijump  a steep downward ramp from which skiers jump
              subtype:  screw.inclined_plane  a simple machine of the inclined-plane type consisting of a spirally threaded cylindrical rod that engages with a similarly threaded hole
              subtype:  wedge  something usable as an inclined plane (shaped like a V) that can be pushed between two things to separate them
                 subtype:  ax_head__axe_head__axehead  the cutting head of an ax
                 subtype:  colter__coulter  a sharp steel wedge that precedes the plow and cuts vertically through the soil
                 subtype:  moldboard__mouldboard  wedge formed by the curved part of a steel plow blade that turns the furrow
                 subtype:  plowshare__ploughshare__share  a sharp steel wedge that cuts loose the top layer of soil
                 subtype:  coign__quoin__coigne  expandable metal or wooden wedge used by printers to lock up a form within a chase
                 subtype:  shim  a thin wedge of material (wood or metal or stone) for driving into crevices
           subtype:  lever.simple_machine  a simple machine that gives a mechanical advantage when given a fulcrum
           subtype:  pulley-block__pulley__block  a simple machine consisting of a wheel with a groove in which a rope can run to change the direction or point of application of a force applied to the rope
              subtype:  bollock__bullock_block__bullockblock  a pulley-block at the head of a topmast
              subtype:  fairlead  a pulley-block used to guide a rope forming part of a ship's rigging to avoid chafing
                 subtype:  snatch_block  a pulley-block that can be opened to receive the bight of a rope
              subtype:  idle_pulley__idler_pulley__idlerpulley__idle_wheel  a pulley on a shaft that presses against a guide belt to guide or tighten it
           subtype:  wheel  a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)
              subtype:  balance_wheel__balancewheel  a wheel oscillating against the hairspring of a timepiece to regulate its beat
              subtype:  bicycle_wheel__bicyclewheel  the wheel of a bicycle
              subtype:  buffing_wheel__buffingwheel  a wheel that is covered with soft material
              subtype:  cartwheel.wheel  a wheel that has wooden spokes and a metal rim
              subtype:  car_wheel__carwheel  a wheel that has a tire and rim and hubcap; used to propel the car
                 subtype:  fifth_wheel.car_wheel__spare  an extra car wheel and tire
              subtype:  daisy_print_wheel__daisyprintwheel__daisy_wheel__daisywheel  a wheel around which is a set of print characters that make a typing impression on paper
              subtype:  driving_wheel__drivingwheel  a wheel that drives a motor vehicle (transforms torque into a tractive force)
              subtype:  gear_wheel__gear__cogwheel  a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion
                 subtype:  bevel_gear__bevelgear__pinionandcrownwheel__pinion_and_ring_gear  gears that mesh at an angle
                    subtype:  differential_gear__differential  a bevel gear that permits rotation of two shafts at different speeds; used on the rear axle of automobiles to allow wheels to rotate at different speeds on curves
                 subtype:  escape_wheel  gear that engages a rocking lever
                 subtype:  pinion  a gear with a small number of teeth designed to mesh with a larger wheel or rack
                    subtype:  lantern_pinion__lanternpinion__lantern_wheel__lanternwheel  a small pinion having cylindrical bars instead of teeth, used chiefly in inexpensive clocks
                 subtype:  planetary_gear__planetarygear__epicyclic_gear__epicyclicgear__planet_wheel__planet_gear  an outer gear that revolves about a central sun gear of an epicyclic train
                 subtype:  rack_and_pinion  a wheel gear (the pinion) meshes with a toothed rack; converts rotary to reciprocating motion (and vice versa)
                 subtype:  spur_gear__spur_wheel  gear wheels that mesh in the same plane
                 subtype:  sun_gear__sungear  the central gear in a epicyclic train
                 subtype:  worm_gear  gear consisting of a shaft with screw thread (the worm) that meshes with a toothed wheel (the worm wheel); changes the direction of the axis of rotary motion
                 subtype:  worm_wheel  gear with the thread of a worm
              subtype:  grinding_wheel__emery_wheel__emerywheel  a wheel composed of abrasive material; used for grinding
              subtype:  handwheel.wheel  a wheel worked by hand
              subtype:  nosewheel  a wheel located under the nose of an airplane that is part of the plan's landing gear
              subtype:  paddlewheel  a large wheel fitted with paddles and driven by an engine in order to propel a boat
              subtype:  potter's_wheel  a horizontal rotating wheel holding the clay being shaped by a potter
              subtype:  ratchet_wheel__ratchetwheel  toothed wheel held in place by a pawl or detent and turned by a lever
              subtype:  roller.wheel  a small wheel without spokes (as on a roller skate)
                 subtype:  caster.roller__castor  a pivoting roller attached to the bottom of furniture or trucks or portable machines to make them movable
              subtype:  toothed_wheel__toothedwheel__roulette  a wheel with teeth for making a row of perforations
              subtype:  rowel  a small spiked wheel at the end of a spur
              subtype:  sprocket_wheel__sprocket  thin wheel with teeth that engage with a chain
              subtype:  trundle  small wheel or roller
              subtype:  wagon_wheel__wagonwheel  a wheel of a wagon
              subtype:  waterwheel__water_wheel__waterwheel  a wheel that rotates by direct action of water; a simple turbine
                 subtype:  millwheel  water wheel that is used to drive machinery in a mill
                 subtype:  noria  a water wheel with buckets attached to the rim; used to raise water for transfer to an irrigation channel
              subtype:  water_wheel__waterwheel__waterwheel  a wheel with buckets attached to its rim; raises water from a stream or pond
        subtype:  pantograph  mechanical device used to copy a figure or plan on a different scale
        subtype:  piston__plunger  mechanical device that has a plunging or thrusting motion
        subtype:  propeller__propellor  a mechanical device that rotates to push against air or water
           subtype:  airplane_propeller__airscrew__prop  a propeller that rotates to push against air
           subtype:  screw_propeller__screw  a propeller with several angled blades that rotates to push against water or air
           subtype:  variable-pitch_propeller  propeller for which the angle of the blades is adjustable
        subtype:  pump  a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction
           subtype:  air_pump__airpump__vacuum_pump  a pump that moves air in or out of something
              subtype:  condensation_pump__diffusion_pump__diffusionpump  vacuum pump used to obtain a high vacuum
              subtype:  inflater__inflator  an air pump operated by hand to inflate something (as a tire)
              subtype:  ion_pump__ionpump  a vacuum pump that removes gas by ionizing the atoms or molecules and adsorbing them on a metal surface
           subtype:  aspirator  a pump that draws air or another gas through a liquid
           subtype:  auxiliary_pump__auxiliarypump__donkey_pump  a supplementary pump available if needed
           subtype:  bicycle_pump__bicyclepump  a small pump that fills bicycle tires with air
           subtype:  bilge_pump__bilgepump  a pump to remove bilgewater
           subtype:  centrifugal_pump__centrifugalpump  a pump that use centrifugal force to discharge fluid into a pipe
           subtype:  force_pump__forcepump  pump used to force a liquid up and expel it under pressure
           subtype:  gas_pump__gaspump__gasoline_pump__island_dispenser  a pump in a service station that draws gasoline from underground storage tanks
           subtype:  grease-gun__gun  a hand-operated pump that resembles a gun; forces grease into parts of a machine
           subtype:  hand_pump  a pump worked by hand
           subtype:  heart-lung_machine  a pump to maintain circulation during heart surgery; diverts blood from the heart and oxygenates it and then pumps it through the body
           subtype:  hydraulic_pump__hydraulicpump__hydraulic_ram__hydraulicram  a water pump that uses the kinetic energy of flowing water to force a small fraction of that water to a reservoir at a higher level
           subtype:  lift_pump  pump used to lift rather than force a liquid up
           subtype:  oil_pump__oilpump  a pump that keeps a supply of oil on moving parts
           subtype:  stirrup_pump__stirruppump  a hand-operated reciprocating pump; used in fighting fires
           subtype:  suction_pump__suctionpump  a pump for raising fluids by suction
              subtype:  stomach_pump__stomachpump  a suction pump used to remove the contents of the stomach
              subtype:  sump_pump  a suction pump for removing liquid from a sump
           subtype:  water_pump__waterpump  the pump in the cooling system of an automobile that cause the water to circulate
        subtype:  ratchet__rachet__ratch  mechanical device consisting of a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction
        subtype:  record_changer__auto-changer__changer  an automatic mechanical device on a record player that causes new records to be played without manual intervention
        subtype:  reed  mechanical device consisting of a thin strip of stiff material that is fitted into the mouthpiece of woodwind instruments and that vibrates to produce a tone when air streams over it
           subtype:  double_reed  a pair of joined reeds that vibrate together to produce the sound in some woodwinds
        subtype:  ride  a mechanical device that you ride for amusement or excitement
           subtype:  carousel__carrousel__merrygoround__roundabout__whirligig  large mechanical apparatus with seats for children to ride on
           subtype:  Ferris_wheel  rotating mechanism consisting of a large upright wheel with suspended seats that remain upright as the wheel turns; provides a ride at an amusement park
           subtype:  roller_coaster__big_dipper__bigdipper__chutethechute  elevated railway in an amusement park (usually with sharp curves and steep inclines)
        subtype:  seeder.mechanical_device  a mechanical device that sows grass seed or grain evenly over the ground
        subtype:  shutter.mechanical_device  a mechanical device on a camera that opens and closes to control the time of a photographic exposure
        subtype:  splicer  a mechanical device for joining two pieces of paper or film or magnetic tape
        subtype:  splint  an orthopedic mechanical device used to immobilize and protect a part of the body (as a broken leg)
        subtype:  sprinkler  mechanical device that attaches to a garden hose for watering lawn or garden
        subtype:  stator_coil__stator  mechanical device consisting of the stationary part of a motor or generator in or around which the rotor revolves
        subtype:  stoker  a mechanical device for stoking a furnace
        subtype:  stretcher.mechanical_device  a mechanical device used to make something larger (as shoes or gloves) by stretching it
        subtype:  striker  the part of a mechanical device that strikes something
           subtype:  clapper__tongue  metal striker that hangs inside a bell and makes a sound by hitting the side
           subtype:  firing_pin  striker that ignites the charge by striking the primer
           subtype:  piano_hammer__pianohammer__hammer  a striker that is covered in felt and that causes the piano strings to vibrate
           subtype:  gunlock_hammer__gunlockhammer__hammer  the part of a gunlock that strikes the percussion cap when the trigger is pulled
           subtype:  head.striker  the striking part of a tool; "the head of the hammer"
              subtype:  golfclub_head__club_head  the head of the golf club that strikes the ball
              subtype:  hammerhead  the striking part of a hammer
        subtype:  supply_chamber  a mechanical device for holding something and supplying it as needed
           subtype:  cartridge_holder__cartridgeholder__cartridge_clip__cartridgeclip__clip__magazine  a metal frame or container holding cartridges; can be inserted into an automatic gun
              subtype:  pincurl_clip__pincurlclip  a variety of clip for holding pin curls
           subtype:  magazine.supply_chamber__cartridge  a light-tight supply chamber holding the film and supplying it for exposure as required
        subtype:  swing.plaything  mechanical device used as a plaything to support someone swinging back and forth
           subtype:  trapeze  a swing used by circus acrobats
        subtype:  tone_arm__pickup__pickup_arm  mechanical device consisting of a light balanced arm that carries the cartridge
        subtype:  trap.mechanical_device  a device to hurl clay pigeons into the air for trapshooters
        subtype:  vibrator  mechanical device that produces vibratory motion; used for massage
        subtype:  voting_machine  a mechanical device for recording and counting votes mechanically
        subtype:  weathervane__wind_vane  mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind
           subtype:  weathercock  weathervane with a vane in the form of a rooster
           subtype:  wind_tee  weather vane shaped like a T and located at an airfield
        subtype:  wheelwork  mechanical device including an arrangement of wheel in a machine (especially a train of gears)
           subtype:  gearing__gears__gear__geartrain__power_train__powertrain__train  wheelwork consisting of a connected set of rotating gears by which force is transmitted or motion or torque is changed; "the fool got his tie caught in the geartrain"
              subtype:  epicyclic_train__epicyclictrain__epicyclic_gear_train  a system of epicyclic gears in which at least one wheel axis itself revolves about another fixed axis
              subtype:  reduction_gear__reductiongear  gearing that reduces an input speed to a slower output speed
        subtype:  winder  mechanical device around which something can be wound
           subtype:  bobbin__spool__reel  a winder around which thread or tape or film or other flexible materials can be wound
              subtype:  filature  a bobbin used in spinning silk into thread
              subtype:  shuttle  bobbin that passes the weft thread between the warp threads
           subtype:  reel.winder  winder consisting of a revolving spool with a handle; attached to a fishing rod
        subtype:  winder.mechanical_device__key  mechanical device used to wind another device that is driven by a spring (as a clock)
           subtype:  watch_key__watchkey  winder consisting of a key with a square hole; used for winding some watches
        subtype:  windshield_wiper__windscreen_wiper__wiper__wiper_blade  a mechanical device that cleans the windshield
     subtype:  radiator.mechanism  a mechanism consisting of a metal honeycomb through which hot fluids circulate; heat is transferred from the fluid through the honeycomb to the airstream that is created either by the motion of the vehicle or by a fan
     subtype:  rotating_mechanism  a mechanism that rotates
        subtype:  blade.rotating_mechanism__vane  flat surface that rotates and pushes against air or water
           subtype:  fan_blade__fanblade  blade of a rotating fan
           subtype:  impeller  the blade of a rotor (as in the compressor of a jet engine)
           subtype:  paddle.blade  a blade of a paddle wheel or water wheel
           subtype:  rudder_blade  the vertical blade on a rudder
        subtype:  cam  a rotating disk shaped to convert circular into linear motion
           subtype:  distributor_cam__distributorcam  the cam inside the distributor that rotates to contact spark plug terminals in the correct order
        subtype:  circle.rotating_mechanism__round  any circular or rotating mechanism; "the machine punched out metal circles"
           subtype:  disk__disc  a thin flat circular plate
              subtype:  acetate_disk__acetatedisk__phonograph_recording_disk  a disk coated with cellulose acetate
              subtype:  brake_disk__brakedisk  the brake disk plate is fixed to the wheel; pressure is applied to it by the brake pads
              subtype:  diaphragm  electro-acoustic transducer that vibrates to receive or produce sound waves
              subtype:  discus.disk__saucer  a disk used in throwing competitions
              subtype:  Frisbee  (trademark) a light plastic disk about 10 inches in diameter; sailed with a flip of the wrist for recreation or competition
              subtype:  planchet__coin_blank  a flat metal disk ready for stamping as a coin
              subtype:  hockey_puck__puck  a vulcanized rubber disk 3 inches in diameter that is used instead of a ball in ice hockey
              subtype:  token  a metal or plastic disk that can be used (as a substitute for coins) in slot machines
                 subtype:  subway_token  a token that is used to pay for entry to the subway system
        subtype:  Ferris_wheel  rotating mechanism consisting of a large upright wheel with suspended seats that remain upright as the wheel turns; provides a ride at an amusement park
        subtype:  gyroscope__gyro  rotating mechanism in the form of a universally mounted spinning wheel that offers resistance to turns in any direction
        subtype:  rotor  rotating mechanism consisting of an assembly of rotating airfoils; horizontal rotors on a helicopter or compressor rotors of a jet engine
           subtype:  main_rotor  rotor consisting of large rotating airfoils on a single-rotor helicopter that produce the lift to support the helicopter in the air
           subtype:  tail_rotor__anti-torque_rotor  rotor consisting of a rotating airfoil on the tail of a single-rotor helicopter; keeps the helicopter from spinning in the direction opposite to the rotation of the main rotor
     subtype:  steering_linkage  mechanism consisting of a system of rods and levers connected to the front wheels of a motor vehicle; the steering gear pushes the steering linkage left or right which swivels the front wheels causing the vehicle to turn
     subtype:  steering_system__steering_mechanism  a mechanism by which something is steered (especially a motor vehicle)
        subtype:  helm.steering_system  steering mechanism for a vessel; a mechanical device by which a vessel is steered
           subtype:  wheel.helm  a circular helm to control the rudder of a vessel
        subtype:  power_steering__powersteering__powerassistedsteering  automotive steering where engineer power amplifies the torque applied to the steering wheel
        subtype:  rudder.steering_system  (nautical) steering mechanism consisting of a hinged vertical plate mounted at the stern of a vessel
     subtype:  tape_drive__tape_transport__transport  a mechanism that transport magnetic tape across the read/write heads of a tape playback/recorder
     subtype:  whirler  a revolving mechanism
     subtype:  works__work__workings  the internal mechanism of a device
  subtype:  memory_device__storage_device__storagedevice  a device that preserves information for retrieval
     subtype:  acoustic_storage  a storage device consisting of acoustic delay lines
     subtype:  auxiliary_storage__auxiliarystorage__external_storage__secondary_storage__secondarystorage  a data storage device that is not the main memory of a computer
     subtype:  buffer_storage__buffer__buffer_store  (computer science) a part of RAM used for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device; used to compensate for differences in the rate of flow of data between components of a computer system
        subtype:  memory_cache__cache  (computer science) RAM memory that is set aside as a specialized buffer storage that is continually updated; used to optimize data transfers between system elements with different characteristics
           subtype:  disk_cache  a cache that stores copies of frequently used disk sectors in random access memory (RAM) so they can be read without accessing the slower disk
        subtype:  frame_buffer__framebuffer  (in computer graphics) a buffer that stores the contents of an image pixel by pixel
        subtype:  keyboard_buffer  a buffer that keeps track of key strokes until the computer is ready to respond to them
        subtype:  print_buffer__printbuffer  a buffer that stores data until the printer is ready
     subtype:  magnetic_disk__magnetic_disc__disk__disc  (computer science) a memory device consisting of a flat disk covered with a magnetic coating on which information is stored
        subtype:  diskette__floppy__floppy_disk  a small plastic magnetic disk enclosed in a stiff envelope with a radial slit; used to store data or programs for a microcomputer; "floppy disks are noted for their relatively slow speed and small capacity and low price"
        subtype:  hard_disc__hard_disk__fixed_disk__fixeddisk  a rigid magnetic disk mounted permanently in a drive unit
           subtype:  removable_disk__removabledisk  a hard disk that can be removed from the disk drive; removal prevents unauthorized use
     subtype:  magnetic_tape__mag_tape__magtape  memory device consisting of a long thin plastic strip coated with iron oxide; used to record audio or video signals or to store computer information; "he took along a dozen tapes to record the interview"
        subtype:  audiotape  magnetic tape for use in recording sound
        subtype:  cassette_tape  a cassette that contains magnetic tape
        subtype:  videotape  a relatively wide magnetic tape for use in recording visual images and associated sound
     subtype:  memory_board__memory__storage__store  an electronic memory device; "a memory and the CPU form the central part of a computer to which peripherals are attached"
        subtype:  RAM__random-access_memory__random_access_memory__random_memory__read/write_memory  the most common computer memory which can be used by programs to perform necessary tasks while the computer is on; an integrated circuit memory chip allows information to be stored or accessed in any order and all storage locations are equally accessible
        subtype:  ROM__read-only_memory__read-only_storage__fixed_storage__fixedstorage  (computer science) memory whose contents can be accessed and read but cannot be changed
           subtype:  CD-ROM__compact_disc_read-only_memory  a compact disk that is used with a computer (rather than with an audio system); a large amount of digital information can be stored and accessed but it cannot be altered by the user
           subtype:  EPROM__erasable_programmable_read-only_memory  (computer science) a read-only memory chip that can be erased by ultraviolet light and programmed again with new data
        subtype:  real_storage  the main memory in a virtual memory system
        subtype:  scratchpad  (computer) a high-speed internal memory used for temporary storage of preliminary information
        subtype:  virtual_memory__virtualmemory__virtual_storage__virtualstorage  (computer science) memory created by using the hard disk to simulate additional random-access memory; the addressable storage space available to the user of a computer system in which virtual addresses are mapped into real addresses
     subtype:  push-down_storage__push-down_store__pushdownstore__stack  a storage device that handles data so that the next item to be retrieved is the item most recently stored (LIFO)
     subtype:  recording.memory_device  a storage device on which information (sounds or images) have been recorded
        subtype:  compact_disk__compactdisk__compact_disc__compactdisc__CD  a recording that is smaller than a phonograph record; played back by a laser
           subtype:  audio_CD__audio_compact_disc__audiocompactdisc  compact discs used to reproduce sound (voice and music)
           subtype:  CD-R__compact_disc_recordable__CD-WO__compact_disc_write-once  a compact disc on which you can write only once and thereafter is read-only memory
           subtype:  CD-ROM__compact_disc_read-only_memory  a compact disk that is used with a computer (rather than with an audio system); a large amount of digital information can be stored and accessed but it cannot be altered by the user
        subtype:  sound_recording__audio_recording  a recording of just the sound
           subtype:  audiotape.tape_recording  a tape recording of sound
              subtype:  digital_audiotape__digitalaudiotape__DAT  an audiotape recording of sound
           subtype:  phonograph_record__phonograph_recording__record__disk__disc__platter  sound recording consisting of a disc with continuous grooves; formerly used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracked in the grooves
              subtype:  LP__L-P  a long-playing phonograph record; designed to be played at 33.3 rpm
           subtype:  soundtrack  sound recording on a narrow strip of a motion picture film
              subtype:  dubbing  a new soundtrack that is added to a film
           subtype:  talking_book__talkingbook  sound recording of someone reading a book; frequently used by blind people
        subtype:  tape_recording__tape__taping  a recording made on magnetic tape; "the several recordings were combined on a master tape"
           subtype:  audiotape.tape_recording  a tape recording of sound
           subtype:  videotape.tape_recording  a video recording made on magnetic tape
        subtype:  transcription  a recording (e.g., from broadcast to tape recording)
        subtype:  video_recording  a recording of both the video and audio components
           subtype:  videotape.tape_recording  a video recording made on magnetic tape
     subtype:  register.memory_device  (computer science) memory device that is the part of computer memory that has a specific address and that is used to hold information of a specific kind
        subtype:  accumulator_register__accumulatorregister__accumulator  (computer science) a register that has a built-in adder that adds an input number to the contents of the accumulator
        subtype:  counter.register  (computer science) a register whose contents go through a regular series of states (usually states indicating consecutive integers)
        subtype:  index_register__indexregister  (computer science) a register used to determine the address of an operand
        subtype:  shift_register__shiftregister  (computer science) register in which all bits can be shifted one or more positions to the left or to the right
  subtype:  nest_egg  device consisting of an artificial egg left in a nest to induce hens to lay their eggs in it
  subtype:  noisemaker  a device (such as a clapper or bell or horn) used to make a loud noise at a celebration
  subtype:  optical_device__opticaldevice  a device for producing or controlling light
  subtype:  override  a manually operated device to correct the operation of an automatic device
  subtype:  plectrum__pick__plectron  a small thin device (of metal or plastic or ivory) used to pluck a stringed instrument
  subtype:  prod__goad  a pointed instrument used to prod into motion
  subtype:  prompter__autocue  a device that displays words for people to read
  subtype:  pull.device  a device used for pulling something; "he grabbed the pull and opened the drawer"
  subtype:  reflector  device that reflects radiation
  subtype:  remote_control__remote  a device used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance; "he lost the remote for his TV"
  subtype:  reset  device for resetting instruments or controls
  subtype:  restraint.device__constraint  a device that stops something from moving; "the car did not have proper restraints fitted"
  subtype:  router.device  (computer science) a device that forwards data packets between computer networks
  subtype:  runner.device  device consisting of the parts on which something can slide along
  subtype:  scratcher  a device used for scratching
  subtype:  shoehorn  a device used for easing the foot into a shoe
  subtype:  shoetree  a wooden or metal device that is inserted into a shoe to preserve its shape when it is not being worn
  subtype:  shooting_stick  device that resembles a spiked walking stick but the top opens into a seat
  subtype:  signaling_device__signalingdevice  a device used to send signals
  subtype:  snowshoe  a device to help you walk on deep snow; a lightweight frame shaped like a racquet is strengthened with cross pieces and contains a network of thongs; one is worn on each foot
  subtype:  sounder  a device for making soundings
  subtype:  source_of_illumination  any device serving as a source of visible electromagnetic radiation
  subtype:  stabilizer  a device for making something stable
  subtype:  stencil  device that has a sheet perforated with printing through which ink or paint can pass to create a printed pattern
  subtype:  straightener  a device for straightening; "a hair straightener"
  subtype:  strengthener__reinforcement  a device designed to provide additional strength; "the cardboard backing was just a strengthener,"; "he used gummed reinforcements to hold the page in his notebook"
  subtype:  stylus  a sharp pointed device attached to the cartridge of a record player
  subtype:  support.device  any device that bears the weight of another thing; "there was no place to attach supports for a shelf"
  subtype:  sweatbox  a device that causes tobacco leaves or fruit or hides to sweat
  subtype:  synchroflash  a device used in photography to synchronize the peak of a flash with the opening of the camera shutter
  subtype:  take-up.device__takeup  a device for reducing slack or taking up lost motion
  subtype:  throwing_board__throwing_stick__spear_thrower__spearthrower__dart_thrower  a sling-like device used in various primitive societies to propel a dart or spear
  subtype:  tilter  a device for emptying a cask by tilting it without disturbing the dregs
  subtype:  pair_of_tongs__tongs__tong  any of various devices for taking hold of objects; usually have two hinged legs with handles above and pointed hooks below
  subtype:  trap  a device in which something (usually an animal) can be caught and penned
  subtype:  valve.device  device in a brass wind instrument for varying the length of the air column to alter the pitch of a tone
  subtype:  ventilator  a device (such as a fan) that introduces fresh air or expels foul air
  subtype:  washboard  device consisting of a corrugated surface to scrub clothes on
  subtype:  water_cooler__watercooler  a device for cooling and dispensing drinking water

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