#cognition__knowledge__noesis  the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning
  supertype:  psychological_feature__psychologicalfeature  a feature of the mental life of a living organism
  subtype:  mind__head__brain__psyche__nous  that which is responsible for one's thoughts and feelings; the seat of the faculty of reason; "his mind wandered"; "I couldn't get his words out of my head"
     subtype:  noddle  (British) "use your noddle"
     subtype:  tabula_rasa  a young mind not yet affected by experience (according to John Locke)
     subtype:  ego  (psychoanalysis) the conscious mind
     subtype:  unconscious_mind__unconsciousmind__unconsciou  that part of the mind wherein psychic activity takes place of which the person is unaware
     subtype:  subconscious_mind__subconscious  psychic activity just below the level of awareness
  subtype:  place.cognition  an abstract mental location; "he has a special place in my thoughts"; "a place in my heart"; "a political system with no place for the less prominent groups"
  subtype:  public_knowledge__general_knowledge__generalknowledge  knowledge that is available to anyone
     subtype:  common_knowledge  something generally known to everyone
        subtype:  ancient_history__ancienthistory  knowledge of some recent fact or event that has become so commonly known that it has lost its original pertinence
     subtype:  light.public_knowledge  public awareness; "it brought the scandal to light"
     subtype:  open.public_knowledge__surface  information that has become public; "all the reports were out in the open"; "the facts had been brought to the surface"
  subtype:  ability.cognition  possession of the qualities (especially mental qualities) required to do something or get something done; "danger heightened his powers of discrimination"
     subtype:  know-how  the (technical) knowledge and skill required to do something
        subtype:  bag_of_tricks  a supply of ways of accomplishing something; "every good mechanic has a large bag of tricks"
        subtype:  sapience__wisdom  ability to apply knowledge or experience or understanding or common sense and insight
           subtype:  astuteness__profundity__profoundness__depth  the intellectual ability to penetrate deeply into ideas
           subtype:  sagacity__sagaciousness__sagaciousnes__judgement__discernment  ability to make good judgments
              subtype:  eye.sagacity  good discernment (either with the eyes or as if with the eyes); "she has an eye for fresh talent"; "he has an artist's eye"
              subtype:  common_sense__good_sense__gumption__horse_sense__horsesense__sense__mother_wit  sound practical judgment; "I can't see the sense in doing it now"; "he hasn't got the sense God gave little green apples"; "fortunately shw had the sense to run away"
                 subtype:  logic  reasoned and reasonable judgment; "it made a certain kind of logic"
                 subtype:  nous  (British) common sense; "she has great social nous"
                 subtype:  road_sense  good judgment in avoiding trouble or accidents on the road
              subtype:  judiciousness__judiciousnes  good judgment
                 subtype:  forethought__caution__precaution__care  judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger; "he exercised caution in opening the door"; "he handled the vase with care"
              subtype:  discreetness__discretion__circumspection__prudence  knowing how to avoid embarrassment or distress; "the servants showed great tact and discretion"
                 subtype:  confidentiality.discreetness  discretion in keeping secret information
              subtype:  injudiciousness__indiscreetness  lacking good judgment
        subtype:  method  a way of doing something, esp. a systematic one; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)
           subtype:  teaching_method__teachingmethod  a method of instruction
              subtype:  Socratic_method__maieutic_method  a method of teaching by question and answer; used by Socrates to elicit truths from his students
           subtype:  method_of_choice  the best method to achieve a desired result
           subtype:  methodology  the system of methods followed in a particular discipline
              subtype:  scientific_method  a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses
                 subtype:  experimental_method  the use of controlled observations and measurements to test hypotheses
           subtype:  mnemonics__mnemonic  a method or system for improving the memory
           subtype:  solution.method  a method for solving a problem; "the easy solution is to look it up in the handbook"
           subtype:  technique  a practical method or art applied to some particular task
              subtype:  Benday_process  a photoengraving technique for adding shading or texture or tone to a printed image
              subtype:  bonding.technique  (dentistry) a technique for repairing a tooth; resinous material is applied to the surface of the tooth where it adheres to the tooth's enamel
              subtype:  emulation.technique  (computer science) technique of one machine obtaining the same results as another
                 subtype:  terminal_emulation  (computer science) having a computer act exactly like a terminal
              subtype:  immunofluorescence  (immunology) a technique that uses antibodies linked to a fluorescent dye in order to study antigens in a sample of tissue
              subtype:  computer_simulation__simulation  (computer science) the technique of representing the real world by a computer program; "a simulation should imitate the internal processes and not merely the results of the thing being simulated"
           subtype:  technicolor  a trademarked method of making color motion pictures
           subtype:  statistical_method__statisticalmethod  a method of analyzing or representing statistical data
              subtype:  method_of_least_squares__least_squares__leastsquare  a method of fitting a curve to data points so as to minimize the sum of the squares of the distances of the points from the curve
              subtype:  regression_toward_the_mean__regression__simple_regression  the relation between selected values of x and observed values of y (from which the most probable value of y can be predicted for any value of x)
                 subtype:  linear_regression__rectilinear_regression__rectilinearregression  the relation between variables when the regression equation is linear: e.g., y = ax + b
                 subtype:  curvilinear_regression__curvilinearregression  the relation between variables when the regression equation is nonlinear (quadratic or higher order)
              subtype:  multiple_regression  a statistical technique that predicts values of one variable on the basis of two or more other variables
              subtype:  regression_analysis  the use of regression to make quantitative predictions of one variable from the values of another
              subtype:  correlational_analysis  the use of statistical correlation to evaluate the strength of the relations between variables
              subtype:  analysis_of_variance__ANOVA  a statistical method for making simultaneous comparisons between two or more means; a statistical method that yields values that can be tested to determine whether a significant relation exists between variables
     subtype:  leadership.ability  the ability to lead: "he believed that leadership can be taught"
        subtype:  generalship.leadership  the leadership ability of a military general
     subtype:  intelligence  the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience
        subtype:  intellect__mind  knowledge and intellectual ability; "he reads to improve his mind"; "he has a keen intellect"
        subtype:  breadth__comprehensiveness__comprehensivenes  an ability to understand a broad range of topics; "a teacher must have a breadth of knowledge of the subject"
        subtype:  nonverbal_intelligence__nonverbalintelligence  intelligence that is manifested in the performance of tasks requiring little or no use of language
        subtype:  verbal_intelligence  intelligence in the use and comprehension of language
        subtype:  brainpower__brain__learning_ability__mental_capacity__mentality__wit  mental ability; "he's got plenty of brains but no common sense"
        subtype:  mental_quickness__quickness__quicknes__quickwittednes  intelligence as revealed by an ability to give correct responses without delay
        subtype:  brilliance__genius  unusual mental ability
           subtype:  pyrotechnics  brilliance of display (as in the performance of music)
        subtype:  precociousness__precocity  intelligence achieved far ahead of normal developmental schedules
        subtype:  acuity__acuteness__acutenes__sharpnes__keennes  a quick and penetrating intelligence; "he argued with great acuteness"; "I admired the keenness of his mind"
           subtype:  steel_trap__steeltrap  an acute intelligence (an analogy based on the well known sharpness of steel traps); "he's as sharp as a steel trap"; "a mind like a steel trap"
        subtype:  cleverness__brightness__smartness__smartnes  intelligence as manifested in being quick and witty
        subtype:  shrewdness__astuteness__perspicacity__perspicaciousness__perspicaciousnes  intelligence manifested by being astute (as in business dealings)
           subtype:  craftiness__craft__cunning__foxines__slyness__wiliness  shrewdness as demonstrated by being skilled in deception
           subtype:  cunning  shrewdness in deception; "as cunning as a fox"
           subtype:  insightfulness__acumen  shrewdness shown by keen insight
           subtype:  knowingness  shrewdness demonstrated by knowledge
           subtype:  street_smarts  a shrewd ability to survive in a dangerous urban environment
     subtype:  aptitude  inherent ability
        subtype:  instinct__inherent_aptitude  inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli: "the spawning instinct in salmon"; "altruistic instincts in social animals"
           subtype:  id  (psychoanalysis) primitive instincts and energies underlying all psychic activity
        subtype:  potentiality__capability__capableness__capablenes  an aptitude that may be developed
           subtype:  perfectibility__perfectability  the capability of becoming perfect; "he believes in the ultimate perfectability of man"
           subtype:  grasp__compass__compas__reach  the limit of capability; "within the compass of education"
              subtype:  ken__sight  the range of vision; "out of sight of land"
        subtype:  natural_ability__naturalability  ability that is inherited
           subtype:  natural_endowment__naturalendowment__endowment__gift__talent  natural qualities or talents
              subtype:  knack__bent__hang  a special way of doing something; "he had a bent for it"; "he had a special knack for getting into trouble"; "he couldn't get the hang of it"
              subtype:  genius__flair  a natural talent; "he has a flair for mathematics"; "he has a genius for interior decorating"
              subtype:  raw_talent__rawtalent  powerfully impressive talent
     subtype:  mental_ability__capacity  the power to learn or retain knowledge; in law, the ability to understand the facts and significance of your behavior
        subtype:  prescience__prevision  the power to foresee the future
     subtype:  creativity__creativeness  the ability to create
        subtype:  fecundity__fruitfulness  the intellectual fruitfulness of a creative imagination
        subtype:  flight.creativity  passing above and beyond ordinary bounds; "a flight of fancy"; "flights of rhetoric"; "flights of imagination"
        subtype:  wizardry__genius  exceptional creative ability
        subtype:  imaginativeness__imaginativenes__vision  the power of imagination; "popular imagination created a world of demons"
           subtype:  fancy  fancy was held by Coleridge to be more casual and superficial than imagination
           subtype:  fantasy  imagination unrestricted by reality; "a schoolgirl fantasy"
              subtype:  pipe_dream__dream  a fantastic but vain hope (from fantasies induced by the opium pipe); "I have this pipe dream about being emperor of the universe"
              subtype:  fantasy_life__fantasylife__phantasy_life  an imaginary life lived in a fantasy world
              subtype:  fantasy_world__fantasyworld__phantasy_world__fairyland  a place existing solely in the imagination (but often mistaken for reality)
           subtype:  dreaming__dream  imaginative thoughts indulged in while awake; "he lives in a dream that has nothing to do with reality"
              subtype:  daydream__reverie__revery__daydreaming__oneirism__air_castle__aircastle__castle_in_the_air__castle_in_Spain  absent-minded dreaming while awake
              subtype:  woolgathering  an idle indulgence in fantasy
        subtype:  innovation__invention__excogitation__conception__design  the creation of something in the mind
           subtype:  contrivance  the faculty of contriving; inventive skill; "his skillful contrivance of answers to every problem"
        subtype:  inventiveness__inventivenes__ingeniousnes__cleverness  the power of creative imagination
           subtype:  imagination__resourcefulness__resourcefulnes  the ability to deal resourcefully with unusual problems; "a man of resource"
              subtype:  armoury__armory__inventory  a collection of resources; "he dipped into his intellectual armory to find an answer"
     subtype:  originality  the ability to think and act independently
        subtype:  innovativeness  originality by virtue of introducing new ideas
        subtype:  unconventionality.originality  originality by virtue of being unconventional
        subtype:  novelty__freshness__freshnes  originality by virtue of being new and surprising
     subtype:  skill__science  ability to produce solutions in some problem domain; "the skill of a well-trained boxer"; "the sweet science of pugilism"
        subtype:  nose.skill  a natural skill; "he has a nose for good deals"
        subtype:  virtuosity  technical skill or fluency or style exhibited by a virtuoso
     subtype:  accomplishment__skill__acquirement__acquisition__attainment  an ability that has been acquired by training
        subtype:  airmanship  the art of flying airplane
        subtype:  craftsmanship__craft__workmanship  skill in an occupation or trade
           subtype:  housecraft  skill in domestic management
           subtype:  priestcraft  the skills involved in the work of a priest
           subtype:  stagecraft  skill in writing or staging plays
              subtype:  coup_de_theatre.stagecraft__coupdetheatre  a sensational bit of stagecraft
           subtype:  tradecraft  skill acquired through experience in a trade; "instructional designers are trained in something that might be called tradecraft"; often used to discuss skill in espionage; "the CIA chief of station accepted responsibility for his agents' failures of tradecraft"
           subtype:  watercraft  skill in the management of boats
           subtype:  woodcraft  skill in carving or fashioning objects from wood
        subtype:  horsemanship  skill in handling and riding horses
        subtype:  marksmanship  skill in shooting
        subtype:  literacy  the ability to read and write
        subtype:  numeracy  skill with numbers and mathematics
        subtype:  oarsmanship  skill as an oarsman
        subtype:  salesmanship  skill in selling; skill in persuading people to buy; "he read a book on salesmanship but it didn't help"
        subtype:  seamanship  skill in sailing
           subtype:  boatmanship  skill in handling boats
        subtype:  showmanship  the ability to present something (especially theatrical shows) in an attractive manner
        subtype:  soldiering__soldiership  skills that are required for the life of soldier
        subtype:  swordsmanship  skill in fencing
     subtype:  hand.ability  ability; "he wanted to try his hand at singing"
     subtype:  superior_skill  more than ordinary ability
        subtype:  art__artistry__prowess__prowes  a superior skill that you can learn by study and practice and observation; "the art of conversation"; "it's quite an art"
           subtype:  falconry  the art of training falcons to hunt and return
           subtype:  homiletics  the art of preaching
           subtype:  horology  the art of designing and making clocks
           subtype:  minstrelsy  the art of a minstrel
           subtype:  musicianship  artistry in performing music
           subtype:  enology__oenology  the art of wine making
           subtype:  puppetry.art  the art of making puppets and presenting puppet shows
           subtype:  taxidermy  the art of mounting the skins of animals so that they have lifelike appearance
           subtype:  ventriloquism__ventriloquy  the art of projecting your voice so that it seems to come from another source (as from a ventriloquist's dummy)
     subtype:  mental_faculty__faculty__module  one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind
        subtype:  attention.mental_faculty  the faculty or power of mental concentration; "keeping track of all the details requires your complete attention"
           subtype:  engrossment__absorption  complete attention; intense mental effort
              subtype:  focussing__focu__focusing__centering  the concentration of attention or energy on something; "the focus of activity shifted to molecular biology"
                 subtype:  particularism  a focus on something particular
              subtype:  specialism  the concentration of your efforts on a particular field of study or occupation
              subtype:  study.engrossment  a state of deep mental absorption; "she is in a deep study"
           subtype:  mental_note  speical attention with intent to remember; "he made a mental note to send her flowers"
           subtype:  watchfulness__vigilance__alertness__alertnes  the process of paying close and continuous attention
              subtype:  jealousy  zealous vigilance: "cherish their official political freedom with fierce jealousy"-Paul Blanshard
        subtype:  faculty_of_language__language__speech  the mental faculty or power of vocal communication; "language sets homo sapiens apart from all other animals"
        subtype:  retention__memory__retentiveness__retentivenes  the power of retaining and recalling past experience; "he had a good memory when he was younger"
           subtype:  remembrance__anamnesis__anamnesi  the ability to recall past occurrences
        subtype:  reason.mental_faculty__understanding__intellect  the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination; "we are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil"
        subtype:  sentiency__sense__sensation__sentience__sensory_faculty__sensoryfaculty  the faculty through which the external world is apprehended
           subtype:  sense_modality__sensemodality__modality__sensory_system__sensorysystem  a particular sense
              subtype:  visual_sense__sight__vision__visual_modality  the ability to see; the faculty of vision
                 subtype:  achromatic_vision  vision using the rods
                 subtype:  visual_acuity__acuity__sharp-sightedness__sharpsightednes  sharpness of vision; the visual ability to resolve fine detail (usually measured by a Snellen chart)
                    subtype:  oxyopia  unusually acute vision
                 subtype:  binocular_vision__binocularvision  vision involving the use of both eyes
                    subtype:  stereoscopic_vision__stereoscopy  three-dimensional vision produced by the fusion of two slightly different views of a scene on each retina
                 subtype:  central_vision__centralvision  vision using the fovea and parafovea
                 subtype:  color_vision__colorvision__chromatic_vision__chromaticvision__trichromacy  the normal ability to see colors
                 subtype:  distance_vision  vision for objects that a 20 feet or more from the viewer
                 subtype:  eyesight__seeing__sightedness__sightednes  use of the faculty of vision
                 subtype:  monocular_vision__monocularvision  vision with only one eye
                 subtype:  near_vision  vision for objects 2 feet or closer to the viewer
                 subtype:  night_vision__nightvision__nightsight__scotopic_vision__twilight_vision  the ability to see in reduced illumination (as in moonlight)
                 subtype:  daylight_vision__photopic_vision  normal vision in daylight; vision with sufficient illumination that the cones are active and hue is perceived
                    subtype:  foveal_vision  vision with the fovea
                 subtype:  peripheral_vision  vision using only the periphery of the retina
              subtype:  somatosense  any of the sensory systems that mediate sensations of pressure and tickle and warmth and cold and vibration and limb position and limb movement and pain
                 subtype:  sense_of_touch__touch__skin_senses__touch_modality__touchmodality__cutaneous_senses  the faculty of touch; "only sight and touch enable us to locate objects in the space around us"
                 subtype:  kinesthesia__feeling_of_movement  the perception of body position and movement and muscular tensions etc
              subtype:  sense_of_hearing__hearing__audition__auditory_sense__auditory_modality  the ability to hear; the auditory faculty; "his hearing was impaired"
                 subtype:  ear.sense_of_hearing  good hearing; "he had a keen ear"; "a good ear for pitch"
                 subtype:  absolute_pitch__perfect_pitch__perfectpitch  the ability to identify the pitch of a tone
              subtype:  sense_of_taste__taste__gustation__gustatory_modality__gustatorymodality  the faculty of taste; "his cold deprived him of his sense of taste"
              subtype:  sense_of_smell__smell__olfaction__olfactory_modality__olfactorymodality  the faculty of smell
                 subtype:  nose.sense_of_smell  the sense of smell (especially in animals); "the hound has a good nose"
           subtype:  sensitivity.sentiency__sensitiveness__sensitivenes  (physiology) responsiveness to external stimuli: "sensitivity to pain"
              subtype:  hypersensitivity  extreme sensitivity
              subtype:  responsiveness.sensitivity__reactivity  responsive to stimulation
                 subtype:  excitability__irritability  excessive sensitivity of an organ or body part
              subtype:  exteroception  sensitivity to stimuli originating outside of the body
                 subtype:  visual_sense__sight__vision__visual_modality  the ability to see; the faculty of vision
                 subtype:  sense_of_touch__touch__skin_senses__touch_modality__touchmodality__cutaneous_senses  the faculty of touch; "only sight and touch enable us to locate objects in the space around us"
                 subtype:  sense_of_hearing__hearing__audition__auditory_sense__auditory_modality  the ability to hear; the auditory faculty; "his hearing was impaired"
                 subtype:  sense_of_taste__taste__gustation__gustatory_modality__gustatorymodality  the faculty of taste; "his cold deprived him of his sense of taste"
                 subtype:  sense_of_smell__smell__olfaction__olfactory_modality__olfactorymodality  the faculty of smell
              subtype:  interoception  sensitivity to stimuli originating inside of the body
                 subtype:  proprioception  the ability to sense the position and location and orientation and movement of the body and its parts
                    subtype:  kinesthesis__kinesthesi__kinaesthesis__kinesthesia__kinesthetics__muscle_sense__sense_of_movement  the ability to feel movements of the limbs and body
                    subtype:  kinanesthesia  inability to sense movement
                    subtype:  sense_of_equilibrium__equilibrium__labyrinthine_sense__vestibular_sense__sense_of_balance  a sensory system located in structures of the inner ear that registers the orientation of the head
                 subtype:  somesthesis__somesthesi__somesthesia__somaesthesis__somatesthesia__somatatesthesis__somatatesthesi__somatosensory_system__somatosensorysystem__somatic_sensory_system__somaticsensorysystem__somatic_sense__somaticsense  the faculty of bodily perception; sensory systems associated with the body; includes skin senses and proprioception and the internal organs
                    subtype:  tactual_sensation__tactualsensation__tactility__touchperception__skinperceptivenes  the faculty of perceiving (via the skin) pressure or heat or pain
                    subtype:  kinesthesia__feeling_of_movement  the perception of body position and movement and muscular tensions etc
              subtype:  photosensitivity__radiosensitivity  sensitivity to the action of radiant energy
        subtype:  volition__will  the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention: "the exercise of their volition we construe as revolt"- George Meredith
           subtype:  velleity  volition in its weakest form
  subtype:  inability  lack of ability (especially mental ability) to do something
     subtype:  mental_block__block  an inability to remember or think of something you normally can do; often caused by emotional tension; "I knew his name perfectly well but I had a temporary block"
        subtype:  writer's_block  an inability to write; "he had writer's block; the words wouldn't come"
     subtype:  stupidity  a poor ability to understand or to profit from experience
        subtype:  dumbness__denseness__densenes__slowwittednes  the quality of being mentally slow and limited
        subtype:  dulness__dulnes__dullnes__obtuseness  the quality of being slow to understand
        subtype:  mental_retardation__retardation__backwardness__slowness__subnormality  lack of normal development of intellectual capacities
           subtype:  mental_defectiveness__abnormality  retardation sufficient to fall outside the normal range of intelligence
              subtype:  feeblemindedness  severe mental deficiency
           subtype:  moronity__mental_deficiency  mild mental retardation
           subtype:  idiocy__amentia  extreme mental retardation
           subtype:  imbecility  retardation more severe than a moron but not as severe as an idiot
        subtype:  folly__foolishness__foolishnes__crazines  the quality of being rash and foolish
     subtype:  inaptitude  a lack of aptitude
        subtype:  talentlessness  a lack of talent
        subtype:  incapableness__incapablenes  lack of potential for development
           subtype:  imperfectibility__imperfectability  the incapability of becoming perfect
     subtype:  incapacity.inability  lack of intellectual power
     subtype:  unskillfulness  a lack of cognitive skill
        subtype:  incoordination  a lack of coordination of movements
        subtype:  ineptness__awkwardness__awkwardnes__clumsines__ineptitude__maladroitness__maladroitnes__slownes  unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training
        subtype:  inefficiency  unskillfulness resulting from a lack of efficiency
        subtype:  amateurishness  something that demonstrates a lack of professional competency
     subtype:  illiteracy  an inability to read
     subtype:  uncreativeness  a lack of creativity
        subtype:  fruitlessness  a lack of creative imagination
        subtype:  unoriginality.uncreativeness  uncreativeness due to a lack of originality
           subtype:  triteness__tritenes__stalenes  unoriginality as a result of being dull and hackneyed
              subtype:  camp.triteness  something that is considered amusing not because of its originality but because of its unoriginality; "the livingroom was pure camp"
           subtype:  conventionality  unoriginality as a result of being too conventional
     subtype:  incomprehension  an inability to understand; "his incomprehension of the consequences"
  subtype:  lexis__lexi  all of the words in a language; all word forms having meaning or grammatical function
  subtype:  lexicon__vocabulary__mental_lexicon  a language user's knowledge of words
  subtype:  practice.cognition  knowledge of how something is customarily done: "it is not the local practice to wear shorts to dinner"
     subtype:  custom.practice__tradition  a specific practice of long standing
        subtype:  habit.custom__wont  an established custom; "it was their habit to dine at 7 every evening"
        subtype:  institution.custom  a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society; "the institution of marriage"; "he had become an institution in the theater"
     subtype:  normal__convention__pattern__rule__formula  something regarded as a normative example; "the convention of not naming the main character"; "violence is the rule not the exception"; "his formula for impressing visitors"
        subtype:  mores__more  (sociology) the conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group
        subtype:  code_of_conduct__code_of_behavior  a set of conventional principles and expectations that are considered binding on any person who is a member of a particular group
           subtype:  courtly_love__courtlylove  (medieval) a highly conventionalized code of conduct for lovers
           subtype:  knight_errantry  (medieval) the code of conduct observed by a knight errant who is wandering in search of deeds of chivalry
           subtype:  protocol  code of correct conduct: "safety protocols"; "academic protocol"
     subtype:  heritage  practices that are handed down from the past by tradition; "a heritage of freedom"
     subtype:  standard_operating_procedure__SOP__S.O.P.  the procedure that would normally be followed
  subtype:  cognitive_factor__cognitivefactor  something immaterial (as a circumstance or influence) that contributes to producing a result
     subtype:  difficulty  a factor causing trouble in achieving a positive result or tending to produce a negative result; "serious difficulties were encountered in obtaining a pure reagent"
        subtype:  trouble.difficulty  a source of difficulty: "one trouble after another delayed the job"; "what's the problem?"
           subtype:  can_of_worms  (informal) a source of unpredictable trouble and complexity
           subtype:  deep_water  serious trouble
           subtype:  growing_pains__growingpain  problems that arise in enlarging an enterprise (especially in the early stages)
           subtype:  matter.trouble  a problem; "is anything the matter?"
        subtype:  facer  (a dated Briticism) a serious difficulty with which one is suddenly faced
        subtype:  killer  a difficulty that is hard to deal with; "that exam was a real killer"
        subtype:  pisser  a very disagreeable difficulty
        subtype:  pitfall  an unforeseen or unexpected difficulty
        subtype:  snorter.difficulty  (British) something outstandingly difficult; "the problem was a real snorter"
        subtype:  deterrent__hindrance__impediment__handicap  something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress
           subtype:  albatross__albatros  (figurative) something that hinders or handicaps; "she was an albatross around his neck"
           subtype:  bind  something that hinders as if with bonds
           subtype:  obstacle.deterrent__obstruction  something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted: "lack of immagination is an obstacle to one's advancement"; "the poverty of a district is an obstacle to good education"; "the filibuster was a major obstruction to the success of their plan"
              subtype:  barrier.obstacle  any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective; "intolerance is a barrier to understanding"
                 subtype:  ideological_barrier__ideologicalbarrier  a barrier to cooperation or interaction resulting from conflicting ideologies
                    subtype:  iron_curtain  an impenetrable barrier to communication or information especially as imposed by rigid censorship and secrecy; used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe the demarcation between democratic and communist countries
                    subtype:  bamboo_curtain  an ideological barrier around communist China especially in the 1950s and 1960s
                    subtype:  color_bar__colorbar__colour_bar__color_line__colorline__colourline__Jim_Crow  barrier preventing blacks from participating in various activities with whites
                 subtype:  language_barrier  barrier to communication resulting from speaking different languages
              subtype:  rub__hang-up__hitch__snag  an unforeseen obstacle
              subtype:  hurdle.obstacle  an obstacle that you are expected to overcome; "the last hurdle before graduation"
              subtype:  stymie  a thwarting and distressing situation
     subtype:  determining_factor__determiningfactor__determinant__determiner__determinative__causal_factor  a determining or causal element or factor; "education is an important determinant of one's outlook on life"
        subtype:  decisive_factor__clincher  a point or fact or remark that settles something conclusively
        subtype:  influence.determining_factor  a cognitive factor that tends to have an effect on what you do; "her wishes had a great influence on his thinking"
           subtype:  imponderable  a factor whose effects cannot be accurately assessed: "human behavior depends on many imponderables"
              subtype:  leavening__leaven  an influence that works subtly to lighten or modify something; "his sermons benefited from a leavening of humor"
           subtype:  imprint  a distinctive influence; "English stills bears the imprint of the Norman invasion"
           subtype:  morale_builder  something or someone who influences by building or strengthening morale
           subtype:  pestilence  a pernicious evil influence
           subtype:  support.influence  something providing immaterial support or assistance to a person or cause or interest; "the policy found little public support"; "his faith was all the support he needed"; "the team enjoyed the support of their fans"
              subtype:  anchor__mainstay__backbone__linchpin__lynchpin  a central cohesive source of support and stability: "faith is his anchor"; "he is the linchpin of this firm"
           subtype:  temptation.influence__enticement  something tempting or enticing
              subtype:  forbidden_fruit  the original forbidden fruit was an apple from the tree of knowledge of good and evil in the Garden of Eden; it is now used to refer to anything that is tempting but dangerous (as sexuality)
              subtype:  bait__come-on__hook__lure__sweetener  anything that serves as an enticement
              subtype:  allurement  attractiveness; "its allure was its remoteness"
  subtype:  equivalent  a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc: "send two dollars or the equivalent in stamps"
     subtype:  opposite_number__counterpart__vis-a-vis  a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another
        subtype:  match.opposite_number  something that resembles or harmonizes with; "that tie makes a good match with your jacket"
        subtype:  complement.opposite_number  either of two parts that mutually complete each other
     subtype:  replacement__substitute  a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another
        subtype:  successor  a thing or person that immediately replaces something or someone
  subtype:  perception.cognition  knowledge gained by perceiving; "a man admired for the depth of his perception"
     subtype:  discernment__perceptivenes  perception of that which is obscure
     subtype:  insight__penetration  clear or deep perception of a situation
     subtype:  cognizance  range or scope of what is perceived
  subtype:  structure  the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations; "his lectures have no structure"
     subtype:  organisation__arrangement__organization__system  an organized structure for arranging or classifying; "he changed the arrangement of the topics"; "the facts were familiar but it was in the organization of them that he was original"; "he tried to understand their system of classification"
        subtype:  classification_system  a system for classifying things
           subtype:  hierarchical_classification_system  a classification system where entries are arranged based on some hierarchical structure
           subtype:  rating_system__scoring_system__scoringsystem  a system of classifying according to quality or merit or amount
           subtype:  file_system__filing_system  a system of classifying into files (usually arranged alphabetically)
           subtype:  pigeonholing__grouping  a system for classifying things into groups
              subtype:  ABO_blood_group_system__ABO_system__ABO_group  a classification system for the antigens of human blood; used in blood transfusion therapy; four groups are A and B and AB and O
        subtype:  contrivance.organisation  an artificial or unnatural or obviously contrived arrangement of details or parts etc.; "the plot contained too many improbable contrivances to be believable"
        subtype:  coordinate_system__frame_of_reference__reference_system__referencesystem__reference_frame__referenceframe  a system that uses coordinates to establish position
           subtype:  inertial_reference_frame__inertial_frame  a coordinate system in which Newton's first law of motion is valid
           subtype:  space-time_continuum__space-time__spacetime  the 4-dimensional coordinate system (3 dimensions of space and 1 of time) in which physical events are located
        subtype:  data_structure  the organization of data (and its storage allocations in a computer)
           subtype:  hierarchical_structure__hierarchical_data_structure  a structure of data having several levels arranged in a tree-like structure
        subtype:  design.organisation__plan  an arrangement scheme; "the awkward design of the keyboard made operation difficult"; "it was an excellent design for living"; "a plan for seating guests"
           subtype:  layout.design  a plan or design of something that is laid out
           subtype:  trap.design__snare  something (often something deceptively attractive) that catches you unawares; "the exam was full of trap questions"; "it was all a snare and delusion"
              subtype:  iron_trap  a trap from which there is no escape
              subtype:  speed_trap__speedtrap  a trap arranged on a roadway for catching speeders
           subtype:  hotel_plan__hotelplan__meal_plan  a plan and a room rate for providing meals to guests at a hotel
              subtype:  American_plan  a hotel plan that includes three meals daily
                 subtype:  modified_American_plan  a hotel plan that includes breakfast and dinner (but not lunch)
              subtype:  Bermuda_plan  a hotel plan that provides a full breakfast daily
              subtype:  European_plan__continental_plan__continentalplan  a hotel plan that provides a continental breakfast daily
        subtype:  statistical_distribution__statisticaldistribution__distribution  an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence
           subtype:  frequency_distribution__frequencydistribution  a distribution of observed frequencies of occurrence of the values of a variable
           subtype:  normal_distribution__Gaussian_distribution  a theoretical distribution with finite mean and variance
           subtype:  Poisson_distribution  a theoretical distribution that is a good approximation to the binomial distribution when the probability is small and the number of trials is large
           subtype:  sample_distribution__sample  items selected from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population
              subtype:  random_sample  a sample in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
              subtype:  stratified_sample__representative_sample__proportional_sample  the population is divided into strata and a random sample is taken from each stratum
           subtype:  binomial_distribution__Bernoulli_distribution  a theoretical distribution of the number of successes in a finite set of independent trials with a constant probability of success
        subtype:  genetic_map__geneticmap  graphical representation of the arrangement of genes on a chromosome
        subtype:  lattice  an arrangement of points or particles or objects in a regular periodic pattern in 2 or 3 dimensions
           subtype:  space_lattice__spacelattice__crystal_lattice__crystallattice__Bravais_lattice  a 3-dimensional geometric arrangement of the atoms or molecules or ions composing a crystal
        subtype:  living_arrangement  an arrangement to allow people (or ideas) to co-exist
        subtype:  calendar.organisation  a system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year
           subtype:  lunar_calendar__lunarcalendar  a calendar based on lunar cycles
              subtype:  Muhammadan_calendar__Mohammedan_calendar__Moslem_calendar__Muslim_calendar  the lunar calendar used by Moslems; dates from 622 AD (the year of the Hegira); the beginning of the Moslem year retrogresses through the solar year completing the cycle every 32 years
              instance:  Roman_calendar
           subtype:  lunisolar_calendar__lunisolarcalendar  a calendar based on both lunar and solar cycles
              subtype:  Jewish_calendar__Hebrew_calendar__hebrewcalendar  (Judaism) the calendar used by the Jews; dates from 3761 BC (the assumed date of the creation of the world); a lunar year of 354 days is adjusted to the solar year by periodic leap years
              subtype:  Hindu_calendar  the lunisolar calendar governing the religious life of Hindus; an extra month is inserted after every month in which there are two new moons (once every three years)
           subtype:  solar_calendar__solarcalendar  a calendar based on solar cycles
              subtype:  Gregorian_calendar__New_Style  the solar calendar now in general use, introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 AD to correct an error in the Julian calendar by suppressing 10 days, making Oct 5 be called Oct 15, and providing that only centenary years divisible by 400 should be leap years; it was adopted by Great Britain and the American colonies in 1752
                 subtype:  church_calendar__ecclesiastical_calendar  a calendar of the Christian year indicating the dates of fasts and festivals
              subtype:  Julian_calendar__Old_Style  the solar calendar introduced in Rome in 46 b.c. by Julius Caesar and slightly modified by Augustus, establishing the 12-month year of 365 days with each 4th year having 366 days and the months having 31 or 30 days except for February
              subtype:  Revolutionary_calendar  the calendar adopted by The French First Republic in 1793 and abandoned in 1805; dates were calculated from Sept. 22, 1792
     subtype:  configuration__constellation  an arrangement of parts or elements; "the outcome depends on the configuration of influences at the time"
        subtype:  unitization  the configuration of smaller units of information into large coordinated units
        subtype:  redundancy.configuration  (electronics) a system design that duplicates components to provide alternatives in case one component fails
     subtype:  form.structure__shape__pattern  a perceptual structure; "the composition presents problems for students of musical form"; "a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them"
        subtype:  fractal  a geometric pattern that is repeated at every scale and so cannot be represented by classical geometry
        subtype:  gestalt  a configuration or pattern of elements so unified as a whole that it cannot be described merely as a sum of its parts
        subtype:  mosaic.form  a pattern resembling a mosaic
        subtype:  strand.form  a pattern forming a unity within a larger structural whole; "he tried to pick up the strands of his former life"; "I could hear several melodic strands simultaneously"
     subtype:  syntax__sentence_structure__phrase_structure  the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences
     subtype:  sound_structure__soundstructure__morphology__syllable_structure__word_structure  the admissible arrangement of sounds in words
        subtype:  affixation  the result of adding an affix to a root word
  subtype:  cognitive_content__cognitivecontent__content__mental_object  the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned
     subtype:  tradition  an inherited pattern of thought or action
     subtype:  object.cognitive_content  the focus of cognitions or feelings; "objects of thought"; "the object of my affection"
        subtype:  antipathy  the object of a feeling of intense aversion; something to be avoided; "cats were his greatest antipathy"
        subtype:  center_of_attention__center  the object upon which interest and attention focuses; "his stories made him the center of the party"
           subtype:  conversation_piece  something interesting that stimulates conversation
           subtype:  cynosure  something that strongly attracts attention (as the north star attracts mariners); "let faith be your cynosure to walk by"
           subtype:  eye-catcher__eyecatcher  a striking person or thing that attracts attention
        subtype:  infatuation.object  an object of extravagant short-lived passion
        subtype:  love.object__passion  any object of warm affection or devotion; "the theater was her first love" or "he has a passion for cock fighting"
     subtype:  food_for_thought__food__intellectual_nourishment  anything that provides mental stimulus for thinking
        subtype:  pabulum  insipid intellectual nourishment
     subtype:  noumenon__thing-in-itself  the intellectual conception of a thing as it is in itself, not as it is known through perception
     subtype:  universe_of_discourse__universe  everything stated or assumed in a given discussion
     subtype:  topic__subject__issue__matter  some situation or event that is thought about; "he kept drifting off the topic"; "he had been thinking about the subject for several years"; "it is a matter for the police"
        subtype:  res_judicata__resjudicata__res_adjudicata__resadjudicata  a matter already settled in court; cannot be raised again
        subtype:  area.topic  a subject of study; "it was his area of specialization"; "areas of interest include..."
           subtype:  gray_area__grey_area  an intermediate area; a topic that is not clearly one thing or the other
           subtype:  territory  an area of knowledge or interest; "his questions covered a lot of territory"
     subtype:  issue  an important question that is in dispute and must be settled; "the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone"; "politicians never discuss the real issues"
        subtype:  quodlibet  an issue that is presented for formal disputation
     subtype:  idea.cognitive_content__thought  the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about; "it was not a good idea"; "the thought never entered my mind"
        subtype:  inspiration.idea  arousal of the mind to special unusual activity or creativity
           subtype:  source.inspiration__seed__germ  anything that provides inspiration for later work
              subtype:  muse  the source of an artist's inspiration; "Euterpe was his muse"
           subtype:  mother.inspiration  a condition that is the inspiration for an activity or situation; "necessity is the mother of invention"
           subtype:  afflatus  a strong creative impulse; divine inspiration; "divine afflatus"
        subtype:  concept__conception__construct  an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances
           subtype:  conceptuality__conceptualization__conceptualisation  an elaborated concept
              subtype:  perception.conceptuality  a way of conceiving something; "Luther had a new perception of the Bible"
           subtype:  notion  a general inclusive concept
           subtype:  category  a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual scheme
              subtype:  kind__sort__form__variety  a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality; "sculpture is a form of art"; "what kinds of desserts are there?"
                 subtype:  description.kind  sort or variety; "every description of book was there"
                 subtype:  type  a subdivision of a particular kind of thing; "what type of sculpture do you prefer?"
                    subtype:  nature.type  a particular type of thing; "problems of this type are very difficult to solve"; "he's interested in trains and things of that nature"; "matters of a personal nature"
                    subtype:  variant__variation  something a little different from others of the same type; "an experimental version of the night fighter"; "an emery wheel is a modern variant of the grindstone"
                 subtype:  antitype  an opposite or contrasting type
                 subtype:  art_form__artform  a form of artistic expression (such as writing or painting or architecture)
                    subtype:  architectural_style__architecturalstyle__style_of_architecture__type_of_architecture  architecture as a kind of art form
                       subtype:  Bauhaus  a German style of architecture begun by Walter Gropius in 1918
                       subtype:  Byzantine_architecture__Byzantine  the style of architecture developed in the Byzantine Empire; massive domes with square bases and rounded arches and spires and minarets and much use of mosaics
                       subtype:  classical_architecture__classicalarchitecture__grecoromanarchitecture  architecture influenced by the ancient Greeks or Romans
                          subtype:  Greek_architecture  the architecture of ancient Greece
                          subtype:  Roman_architecture  the architecture of ancient Rome
                       subtype:  Gothic_architecture__Gothic  a style of architecture developed in N France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries; characterized by slender vertical piers and counterbalancing buttresses and by vaulting and pointed arches
                          subtype:  perpendicular_style__perpendicularstyle__perpendicular__English-Gothic__English-Gothic_architecture  a Gothic style in 14th and 15th century England; characterized by vertical lines, a four-centered (Tudor) arch, fan vaulting
                             subtype:  Tudor_architecture  a style of English-Gothic architecture popular during the Tudor period; characterized by half-timbered houses
                       subtype:  Romanesque_architecture__Romanesque  a style of architecture developed in Italy and western Europe between the Roman and the Gothic styles after 1000 AD; characterized by round arches and vaults and by the substitution of piers for columns and profuse ornament and arcades
                          subtype:  Norman_architecture  a Romanesque style first appearing in Normandy around 950 AD and used in Britain from the Norman Conquest until the 12th century
                       subtype:  Moorish_architecture__Moorish  a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to 16th centuries; characterized by the horseshoe (Moorish) arch
                       subtype:  Victorian_architecture  a style of architecture used in England during the reign of Queen Victoria; characterized by massive construction and elaborate ornamentation
                    subtype:  sonata_form  a musical form having 3 sections -- exposition and development and recapitulation; characteristic of 1st movement of a sonata or symphony
                 subtype:  style  a particular kind (as to appearance); "this style of shoe is in demand"
                 subtype:  flavor__flavour  (high energy physics) the kinds of quarks and antiquarks
                 subtype:  colour.quark__color  (high energy physics) the characteristic of quarks that determines their role in the strong interaction; each flavor of quarks comes in three colors
                 subtype:  species.kind__specie__variety  a specific kind of something: "a species of molecule"; "a species of villainy"
                 subtype:  genus.kind__genu  a general kind of something; "ignore the genus communism"
                 subtype:  make__brand  a recognizable kind; "there's a new brand of hero in the movies now"; "what make of car is that?"
                 subtype:  genre.kind  a kind of literary or artistic work
                 subtype:  ilk  a kind of person; "I don't like people of his ilk"
                 subtype:  manner  a kind; "what manner of man are you?"
                 subtype:  model  a type of product; "his car was an old model"
                 subtype:  the_like__thelike__the_likes_of__thelikesof  a similar kind; "dogs, foxes, and the like", "we don't want the likes of you around here"
              subtype:  pigeonhole  a specific (often simplistic) category
              subtype:  rubric.category  category name; "it is usually discussed under the rubric of `functional obesity'"
              subtype:  way.category  a general category of things; used in the expression "in the way of": "they didn't have much in the way of clothing"
           subtype:  rule__regulation  a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior; "it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast"; "short haircuts were the regulation"
              subtype:  restriction.rule__limitation  a principle that limits the extent of something; "I am willing to accept certain restrictions on my movements"
                 subtype:  quantification.restriction  a limitation imposed on the variables of a proposition (as by the quantifiers `some' or `all' or `no')
                 subtype:  restraint.restriction  a rule or condition that limits freedom; "legal restraints"; "restraints imposed on imports"
              subtype:  guidepost__guideline__rule_of_thumb  a rule or principle that provides guidance to appropriate behavior
              subtype:  cy_pres_doctrine__cy_pres__cypre__rule_of_cy_pres  a rule that when literal compliance is impossible the intention of a donor or testator should be carried out as nearly as possible
              subtype:  working_principle__workingprinciple__working_rule__workingrule  a rule that is adequate to permit work to be done
           subtype:  abstract__abstraction  a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance; "he loved her only in the abstract--not in person"
              subtype:  right  an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature: "they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights"; "Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people"- Eleanor Roosevelt; "a right is not something that somebody gives you; it is something that nobody can take away"
                 subtype:  access.right  the right to obtain or make use of or take advantage of something (as services or membership)
                 subtype:  advowson  the right in English law of presenting a nominee to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice
                 subtype:  cabotage.right  the exclusive right of a country to control the air traffic within its borders
                 subtype:  claim.right__title  an informal right to something: "his claim on her attentions"; "his title to fame"
                 subtype:  due  that which is deserved or owed: "give the devil his due"
                 subtype:  admittance__entree__access  the right to enter
                    subtype:  door.admittance  anything providing a means of access (or escape); "we closed the door to Haitian immigrants"; "education is the door to success"
                       subtype:  open_door  freedom of access; "he maintained an open door for all employees"
                 subtype:  floor.right  the parliamentary right to address an assembly; "the chairman granted him the floor"
                 subtype:  grant.right  a right or privilege that has been granted
                 subtype:  human_right__humanright  any basic right or freedom to which all human beings are entitled and in whose exercise a government may not interfere (including rights to life and liberty as well as freedom of thought and expression and equality before the law)
                    subtype:  right_to_privacy  right to be free of unsanctioned intrusion
                    subtype:  right_to_life  the right to live
                    subtype:  right_to_liberty  the right to be free
                    subtype:  right_to_the_pursuit_of_happiness  the right to try to find happiness
                    subtype:  freedom_of_thought  the right to hold unpopular ideas
                    subtype:  equality_before_the_law  the right to equal protection of the laws
                    subtype:  civil_right__civilright__civil_rights  right or rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of Congress including the right to legal and social and economic equality
                       subtype:  civil_liberty__civilliberty  fundamental individual right protected by law and expressed as immunity from unwarranted governmental interference
                       subtype:  habeas_corpus  right to obtain a writ of habeas corpus as protection against illegal imprisonment
                       subtype:  freedom_of_religion  guaranteed by the 1st amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_of_speech  guaranteed by the 1st amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_of_the_press  guaranteed by the 1st amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_of_assembly  right peaceably to assemble and to petition the government for redress of grievances; guaranteed by the 1st amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_to_bear_arms  guaranteed by the 2nd amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_from_search_and_seizure__freedomfromsearchandseizure  guaranteed by the 4th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  right_to_due_process  guaranteed by the 5th amendment to the US constitution; reaffirmed by the 14th amendment
                       subtype:  freedom_from_self-incrimination__freedomfromselfincrimination  guaranteed by the 5th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_from_double_jeopardy  guaranteed by the 5th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  right_to_speedy_and_public_trial_by_jury  guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  right_to_an_attorney  guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  right_to_confront_accusors  guaranteed by the 6th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_from_cruel_and_unusual_punishment  guaranteed by the 8th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  freedom_from_involuntary_servitude  guaranteed by the 13th amendment to the US constitution
                       subtype:  equal_protection_of_the_laws  guaranteed by the 14th amendment to the US constitution and by the due-process clause of the 5th amendment
                       subtype:  freedom_from_discrimination  freedom from discrimination on the basis of race or sex or nationality or religion or age; guaranteed by US Federal laws
                       subtype:  equal_opportunity__equalopportunity  equivalent opportunities for employment regardless of race or color or sex or national origin
                 subtype:  legal_right__legalright  a right based in law
                    subtype:  compulsory_process  the right of a defendant to have a court use its subpoena power to compel the appearance of material witnesses before the court
                    subtype:  preemption.legal_right__pre-emption__preemption  the right of a government to seize or appropriate something (as property)
                    subtype:  title.legal_right__claim  an established or recognized right: "a strong legal claim to the property"; "he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate"; "he staked his claim"
                       subtype:  own_right__ownright  by title vested in yourself or by virtue of qualifications that you have achieved; "a peer in his own right"; "a leading sports figure in his own right": "a fine opera in its own right"
                       subtype:  entitlement  right granted by law or contract esp to benefits
                    subtype:  eminent_domain__eminentdomain  the right of the state to take private property for public use; the 5th Amendment of the US Constitution requires that just compensation be made
                    subtype:  franchise.legal_right  a statutory right or privilege granted to a person or group by a government (especially the right to vote)
                       subtype:  right_to_vote__vote__suffrage  a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment; "American women got the vote in 1920"
                    subtype:  patent_right  the right granted by a patent; especially the exclusive right to an invention
                    subtype:  right_of_election  in probate law: the legal right of a surviving spouse to elect to take either what the deceased spouse gave under the will or the share of the estate as set forth by statute
                    subtype:  right_of_entry  the legal right to take possession of real estate in a peaceable manner
                    subtype:  right_of_re-entry  the legal right to resume possession (a right that was reserved when a former possession was parted with)
                    subtype:  right_of_privacy  a legal right (not explicitly provided in the US Constitution) to be left alone; the right to live life free from unwarranted publicity
                    subtype:  use.legal_right__enjoyment  (law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property; "we were given the use of his boat"
                       subtype:  fair_use  the conditions under which you can use material that is copyrighted by someone else without paying royalties
                    subtype:  usufruct  a legal right to use and derive profit from property belonging to someone else provided that the property itself is not injured in any way
                    subtype:  copyright__rightoffirstpublication  a document granting exclusive right to publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work
                    subtype:  land_tenure__tenure  the right to hold property; part of an ancient hierarchical system of holding lands
                       subtype:  copyhold  a medieval form of land tenure in England; a copyhold was a parcel of land granted to a peasant by the lord of the manor in return for agricultural services
                       subtype:  freehold  tenure by which land is held in fee simple or for life
                       subtype:  villeinage  tenure by which a villein held land
                 subtype:  preemption.right__pre-emption__preemption  the right to purchase something in advance of others
                    subtype:  preemptive_right  the right granting to shareholders the first opportunity to buy a new issue of stock; provides protection against dilution of the shareholder's ownership interest
                    subtype:  subscription_right  the right of a shareholder in a company to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock before it is offered to the public
                 subtype:  prerogative__privilege__perquisite__exclusive_right__exclusiveright  a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right); "suffrage was the prerogative of white adult males"
                    subtype:  easement  (law) the privilege of using something that is not your own (as using another's land as a right of way to your own land)
                       subtype:  public_easement__publiceasement  any easement enjoyed by the public in general (as the public's right to use public streets)
                       subtype:  right_of_way.easement__rightofway  the privilege of someone to pass over land belonging to someone else
                    subtype:  privilege_of_the_floor  the right to be admitted onto the floor of a legislative assembly while it is in session
                 subtype:  privilege  (law) the right to refuse to divulge information obtained in a confidential relationship
                    subtype:  attorney-client_privilege  the right of a lawyer to refuse to divulge confidential information from his client
                    subtype:  informer's_privilege  the right of the government to refuse to reveal the identity of an informer
                    subtype:  journalist's_privilege  the right of a journalist to refuse to divulge sources of confidential information
                    subtype:  marital_communications_privilege__husband-wife_privilege  neither spouse can divulge confidential communications from the other while they were married
                    subtype:  physician-patient_privilege__physicianpatientprivilege  the right of a physician to refuse to divulge confidential information from a patient without the consent of the patient
                    subtype:  priest-penitent_privilege  the right of a clergyman to refuse to divulge confidential information received from a person during confession or similar exchanges
                 subtype:  right_of_search  the right of a belligerent to stop neutral ships on the high seas in wartime and search them
                 subtype:  right_of_way.right__rightofway  the right of one vehicle or vessel to take precedence over another
                 subtype:  states'_rights  the rights conceded to the states by the United States constitution
                 subtype:  voting_right  the right to vote; especially the right of a common shareholder to vote in person or by proxy on the affairs of a company
                 subtype:  water_right__waterright__riparian_right  right of access to water
              subtype:  absolute  something that is conceived to be absolute; something that does not depends on anything else and is beyond human control; "no mortal being can influence the absolute"
              subtype:  teacher  a personified abstraction that teaches; "books were his teachers"; "experience is a demanding teacher"
              subtype:  thing.abstract  a special abstraction; "a thing of the spirit"; "things of the heart"
           subtype:  quantity  something that has a magnitude and can be represented in mathematical expressions by a constant or a variable
              subtype:  quantum  (physics) the smallest quantity of some physical property that a system can possess (according to quantum theory)
              subtype:  term.quantity  any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial; "the general term of an algebraic equation of the n-th degree"
              subtype:  numerical_quantity__numericalquantity  a quantity expressed as a number
                 subtype:  zero_point__zero  the quantity that registers a reading of zero on a scale
                 subtype:  value.numerical_quantity  a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed; "the value assigned was 16 milliseconds"
                    subtype:  scale_value  a value on some scale of measurement
                 subtype:  voter_turnout__voterturnout__vote  the total number of votes cast; "they are hoping for a large vote"
              subtype:  operand  a quantity upon which a mathematical operation is performed
              subtype:  variable_quantity__variable  a quantity that can assume any of a set of values
                 subtype:  independent_variable__independentvariable  a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value determines the dependent variable; if f(x)=y, x is the independent variable
                 subtype:  correlate  either of two correlated variables
                 subtype:  degree_of_freedom  an unrestricted variable in a frequency distribution
                 subtype:  dependent_variable__dependentvariable  a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value depends in the independent variable; if f(x)=y, y is the dependent variable
                 subtype:  random_variable__variate__variant__stochasticvariable__chance_variable  a variable quantity that is random
                 subtype:  scalar  a variable quantity that cannot be resolved into components
                 subtype:  tensor.variable_quantity  a generalization of the concept of a vector
                 subtype:  vector  a variable quantity that can be resolved into components
                    subtype:  vector_product__cross_product__crossproduct  a vector that is the product of two other vectors
                    subtype:  vector_sum__resultant  a vector that is the sum of two or more other vectors
                    subtype:  radius_vector  a line connecting a point in space to the origin of a polar coordinate system
                    subtype:  radius_vector.vector__radiusvector  a line connecting a satellite to the center of the body around which it is rotating
              subtype:  constant_quantity__constant  a quantity that does not vary
                 subtype:  parametric_quantity__parameter  a constant in the equation of a curve that can be varied to yield a family of similar curves
                    subtype:  degree_of_freedom.parametric_quantity__degreeoffreedom  one of the minimum number of parameters needed to describe the state of a physical system
              subtype:  parameter.quantity  a quantity (such as the mean or variance) that characterizes a statistical population and that can be estimated by calculations from sample data
              subtype:  mathematical_product__product  a quantity obtained by multiplication; "the product of 2 and 3 is 6"
                 subtype:  factorial  the product of all the integers up to and including a given integer; "1, 2, 6, 24, and 120 are factorials"
                 subtype:  multiple  the product of a quantity by an integer; "36 is a multiple of 9"
                    subtype:  double  a quantity that is twice as great as another; "36 is the double of 18"
                    subtype:  triple  a quantity that is three times as great as another
                    subtype:  quadruple  a quantity that is four times as great as another
                    subtype:  lowest_common_multiple__least_common_multiple__lcm  the smallest multiple that is exactly divisible by every member of a set of numbers; "the least common multiple of 12 and 18 is 36"
              subtype:  total__sum  a quantity obtained by addition
                 subtype:  polynomial  a mathematical expression that is the sum of a number of terms
                    subtype:  monic_polynomial__monicpolynomial  a polynomial in one variable
                    subtype:  quadratic_polynomial__quadraticpolynomial__quadratic  a polynomial of the second degree
                    subtype:  biquadratic_polynomial__biquadraticpolynomial__biquadratic__quartic_polynomial__quarticpolynomial  a polynomial of the fourth degree
                    subtype:  series.polynomial  (mathematics) the sum of a finite or infinite sequence of expressions
                       subtype:  power_series  the sum of terms containing successively higher integral powers of a variable
                       subtype:  convergency  the approach of an infinite series to a finite limit
                       subtype:  divergency__divergence  an infinite series that has no limit
                       subtype:  geometric_series  a geometric progression written as a sum
                       subtype:  Fourier_series  the sum of a series of trigonometric expressions; used in the analysis of periodic functions
                       subtype:  exponential_series  a series derived from the expansion of an exponential expression
              subtype:  proportional  one of the quantities in a mathematical proportion
              subtype:  quotient  a quantity obtained by division
              subtype:  difference.quantity  a quantity obtained by subtraction; "profit is a positive difference between income and expenses"
              subtype:  binomial  a quantity expressed as a sum or difference of two terms
           subtype:  part__section__division  one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole: "the written part of the exam"; "the finance section of the company"; "the BBC's engineering division"
              subtype:  beginning.part  the first part or section of something: "`It was a dark and stormy night' is a hackneyed beginning for a story"
              subtype:  middle  an intermediate part or section: "A whole is that which has beginning, middle, and end"- Aristotle
              subtype:  end.part  a final part or section: "we have given it at the end of the section since it involves the calculus"; "Start at the beginning and go on until you come to the end"
              subtype:  high_point  the most enjoyable part of a given experience; "the trumpet solo was the high point of the concert"
              subtype:  component.part__constituent__factor__ingredient  an abstract part of something: "jealousy was a component of his character"; "two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony"; "the grammatical elements of a sentence"; "a key factor in her success"; "humor: an effective ingredient of a speech"
                 subtype:  mathematical_point__point  a geometric element that has position but no extension; "a point is defined by its coordinates"
                    subtype:  point_of_intersection__intersection__intersection_point  a point where lines intersect
                       subtype:  vertex  the point of intersection of lines or the point opposite the base of a figure
                    subtype:  intercept  the point at which a line intersects a coordinate axis
           subtype:  whole  all of something including all its component elements or parts; "Europe as a whole"; "the whole of American literature"
              subtype:  unit.whole  a single undivided whole; "an idea is not a unit that can be moved from one brain to another"
                 subtype:  one  a single person or thing; "he is the best one"; "this is the one I ordered"
              subtype:  compound  a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts
              subtype:  composite__complex  a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts
                 subtype:  hybrid  a composite of mixed origin; "the vice-presidency is a hybrid of administrative and legislative offices"
                 subtype:  syndrome.composite  a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"
           subtype:  natural_law__naturallaw__law  a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society
              subtype:  divine_law  a law that is believed to come directly from God
              subtype:  principle.natural_law  a basic truth or law or assumption: "the principles of democracy"
                 subtype:  dictate  a guiding principle: "the dictates of reason"
                 subtype:  fundamentals__basics__fundamental_principle__fundamentalprinciple__basic_principle__basicprinciple__bedrock  principles from which other truths can be derived; "first you must learn the fundamentals"; "let's get down to basics"
                    subtype:  first_rudiment__firstrudiment__rudiment__first_principle__firstprinciple__alphabet__ABC__ABC's__ABCs  the elementary stages of any subject (usually plural); "he mastered the rudiments of geometry"
                 subtype:  logic.principle  the principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation; "economic logic requires it"; "by the logic of war"
                 subtype:  pleasure_principle__pleasure-pain_principle__pleasure-unpleasure_principle  (psychoanalysis) the governing principle of the id; the principle that an infant seeks gratification and fails to distinguish fantasy from reality
                 subtype:  reality_principle__realityprinciple  (psychoanalysis) the governing principle of the ego; the principle that as a child grows it becomes aware of the real environment and the need to accommodate to it
                 subtype:  conservation.principle  (physics) the maintenance of a certain quantities unchanged during chemical reactions or physical transformations
                    subtype:  conservation_of_charge__conservation_of_electricity  the principle that the total electric charge of a system remains constant despite changes inside the system
                    subtype:  law_of_conservation_of_energy__conservation_of_energy__first_law_of_thermodynamics  the fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes
                    subtype:  law_of_conservation_of_mass__lawofconservationofmas__conservationofmas__conservation_of_matter__law_of_conservation_of_matter  a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system
                    subtype:  conservation_of_momentum  the principle that the total linear momentum in a closed system is constant and is not affected by processes occurring inside the system
                    subtype:  conservation_of_parity__parity__space-reflection_symmetry__mirror_symmetry  (physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system
                 instance:  Tao
              subtype:  sound_law__soundlaw  a law describing sound changes in the history of a language
                 subtype:  Grimm's_law  a sound law relating German consonants and consonants in other Indo-European languages
                 subtype:  Verner's_law  a qualification of Grimm's law
           subtype:  law_of_nature__law  a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature: "the laws of thermodynamics"
              subtype:  all-or-none_law__allornonelaw  (neurophysiology) a nerve impulse resulting from a weak stimulus is just as strong as a nerve impulse resulting from a strong stimulus
              subtype:  principle.law_of_nature__rule  a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system: "the principle of the conservation of mass"; "the principle of jet propulsion"; "the right-hand rule for inductive fields"
                 subtype:  Le_Chatelier's_principle__Le_Chatelier's_law__Le_Chatelier_principle__Le_Chatelier-Braun_principle  the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change
                 subtype:  Gresham's_Law  (economics) the principle that when two kinds of money having the same denominational value are in circulation the intrinsically more valuable money will be hoarded and the money of lower intrinsic value will circulate more freely until the intrinsically more valuable money is driven out of circulation; bad money drives out good; credited to Sir Thomas Gresham
                 subtype:  Naegele's_rule  rule for calculating an expected delivery date; subtract three months from the first day of the last menstrual period and add seven days to that date
                 subtype:  Occam's_Razor__Ockham's_Razor__principle_of_parsimony__law_of_parsimony  the principle that entities should not be multiplied needlessly; the simplest of two competing theories is to be preferred
                 subtype:  principle_of_equivalence  (physics) the principle that an observer has no way of distinguishing whether his laboratory is in a uniform gravitational field or is in an accelerated frame of reference
                 subtype:  principle_of_liquid_displacement  (hydrostatics) the volume of a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the volume of the displaced fluid
                 subtype:  Huygens'_principle_of_superposition__principle_of_superposition  the displacement of any point due to the superposition of wave systems is equal to the sum of the displacements of the individual waves at that point; "the principle of superposition is the basis of the wave theory of light"
                 subtype:  mass-action_principle__mass_action  (neurology) the principle that the cortex of the brain operates as a coordinated system with large masses of neural tissue involved in all complex functioning
                 subtype:  localization_of_function__localisation_of_function__localization_principle__localisation_principle__localization__localisation  (neurology) the principle that specific functions have relatively circumscribed locations in the cortex of the brain
                    subtype:  lateralization__lateralisation__laterality  localization of function on either the right or left sides of the brain
              subtype:  Archimedes'_principle__law_of_Archimedes  (hydrostatics) the apparent loss in weight of a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid
              subtype:  Avogadro's_law__Avogadro's_hypothesis  the principle that equal volumes of all gases (given the same temperature and pressure) contain equal numbers of molecules
              subtype:  Bernoulli's_law__law_of_large_numbers  (statistics) law stating that a large number of items taken at random from a population will (on the average) have the population statistics
              subtype:  Bose-Einstein_statistics  (physics) statistical law obeyed by a system of particles whose wave function is not changed when two particles are interchanged (the Pauli exclusion principle does not apply)
              subtype:  Boyle's_law__Mariotte's_law  the pressure of an ideal gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the volume
              subtype:  Coulomb's_Law  a fundamental principle of electrostatics; the force of attraction or repulsion between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them; principle also holds for magnetic poles
              subtype:  Dalton's_law_of_partial_pressures__Dalton's_law__law_of_partial_pressures  (chemistry and physics) law stating that the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture; the pressure of a gas in a mixture equals the pressure it would exert if it occupied the same volume alone at the same temperature
              subtype:  distribution_law  (chemistry) the total energy in an assembly of molecules is not distributed equally but is distributed around an average value according to a statistical distribution
                 subtype:  Maxwell-Boltzmann_distribution_law__Boltzmann_distribution_law  (physics) a law expressing the distribution of energy among the molecules of a gas in thermal equilibrium
              subtype:  equilibrium_law__law_of_chemical_equilibrium  (chemistry) the principle that (at chemical equilibrium) in a reversible reaction the ratio of the rate of the forward reaction to the rate of the reverse reaction is a constant for that reaction
              subtype:  Fechner's_law__Weber-Fechner_law  (psychophysics) the concept that the magnitude of a subjective sensation increases proportional to the logarithm of the stimulus intensity; based on early work by E. H. Weber
              subtype:  Fermi-Dirac_statistics  (physics) law obeyed by a systems of particles whose wave function changes when two particles are interchanged (the Pauli exclusion principle applies)
              subtype:  Gay-Lussac's_law__Charles'_law__law_of_volumes  the density of an ideal gas at constant pressure varies inversely with the temperature
              subtype:  Henry's_law  (chemistry) law formulated by the English chemist William Henry; the amount of a gas that will be absorbed by water increases as the gas pressure increases
              subtype:  Hooke's_law  (physics) the principle that (within the elastic limit) the stress applied to a solid is proportional to the strain produced
              subtype:  Hubble's_law__Hubble_law  (astronomy) the generalization that the speed of recession of distant galaxies (the red shift) is proportional to their distance from the observer
              subtype:  Kepler's_law_of_planetary_motion__Kepler's_law  (astronomy) one of three empirical laws of planetary motion stated by Johannes Kepler
                 subtype:  Kepler's_first_law  a law stating that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse with the sun at one focus of the ellipse
                 subtype:  Kepler's_second_law__law_of_areas__law_of_equal_areas  a law concerning the speed at which planets travel; a line connecting a planet to the sun will sweep out equal areas in equal times; "Kepler's second law means that a planet's orbital speed changes with its distance from the sun"
                 subtype:  Kepler's_third_law__harmonic_law  a law stating that the ratio of the square of the revolutionary period (in years) to the cube of the orbital axis (in astronomical units) is the same for all planets
              subtype:  Kirchhoff's_laws  (physics) two laws governing electric networks in which steady currents flow: (1) the sum of all the currents at a point is zero; (2) the sum of the voltage gains and drops around any closed circuit is zero
              subtype:  law_of_averages  a law affirming that in the long run probabilities will determine performance
              subtype:  law_of_constant_proportion__law_of_definite_proportions  (chemistry) law stating that every pure substance always contains the same elements combined in the same proportions by weight
              subtype:  law_of_diminishing_returns  a law affirming that to continue after a certain level of performance has been reached will result in a decline in effectiveness
              subtype:  law_of_effect  (psychology) the principle that behaviors are selected by their consequences; behavior having good consequences tends to be repeated whereas behavior that leads to bad consequences is not repeated
              subtype:  law_of_equivalent_proportions__law_of_reciprocal_proportions  (chemistry) law stating that the proportions in which two elements separately combine with a third element are also the proportions in which they combine together
              subtype:  Newton's_law_of_gravitation__newton'slawofgravitation__law_of_gravitation  (physics) the law that states any two bodies attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
              subtype:  law_of_multiple_proportions__Dalton's_law  (chemistry) law stating that when two elements can combine to form more than one compound the amounts of one of them that combines with a fixed amount of the other will exhibit a simple multiple relation
              subtype:  law_of_mass_action  (chemistry) the law that states the following principle: the rate of a chemical reaction is directly proportional to the molecular concentrations of the reacting substances
              subtype:  law_of_thermodynamics  (physics) a law governing the relations between states of energy in a closed system
                 subtype:  second_law_of_thermodynamics  a law stating that mechanical work can be derived from a body only when that body interacts with another at a lower temperature; any spontaneous process results in an increase of entropy
                 subtype:  third_law_of_thermodynamics  law stating that the entropy of a substance approaches zero as its temperature approaches absolute zero
                 subtype:  zeroth_law_of_thermodynamics  the law that if two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body then the first two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with each other
                 subtype:  law_of_conservation_of_energy__conservation_of_energy__first_law_of_thermodynamics  the fundamental principle of physics that the total energy of an isolated system is constant despite internal changes
              subtype:  Mendel's_law  (genetics) one of two principles of heredity formulated by Gregor Mendel on the basis of his experiments with plants; the principles were limited and modified by subsequent genetic research
                 subtype:  law_of_segregation  members of a pair of homologous chromosomes separate during the formation of gametes and are distributed to different gametes so that every gamete receives only one member of the pair
                 subtype:  law_of_independent_assortment  each member of a pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the members of other pairs so the results are random
              subtype:  Newton's_law_of_motion__Newton's_law__law_of_motion  one of three basic laws of classical mechanics
                 subtype:  Newton's_first_law_of_motion__first_law_of_motion__Newton's_first_law  a body remains at rest or in motion with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force
                 subtype:  Newton's_second_law_of_motion__second_law_of_motion__Newton's_second_law  the rate of change of momentum is proportional to the imposed force and goes in the direction of the force
                 subtype:  Newton's_third_law_of_motion__third_law_of_motion__Newton's_third_law__law_of_action_and_reaction  action and reaction are equal and opposite
              subtype:  Ohm's_law  electric current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance; I = E/R
              subtype:  Pascal's_law_of_fluid_pressures__Pascal's_law  pressure applied anywhere to a body of fluid causes a force to be transmitted equally in all directions; the force acts at right angles to any surface in contact with the fluid; "the hydraulic press is an application of Pascal's law"
              subtype:  Pauli_exclusion_principle__exclusion_principle  no two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers
              subtype:  periodic_law__Mendeleev's_law  (chemistry) the principle that chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers
              subtype:  Planck's_law  (physics) the basis of quantum theory; the energy of electromagnetic waves is contained in indivisible quanta that have to be radiated or absorbed as a whole; the magnitude is proportional to frequency where the constant of proportionality is give by Planck's constant
              subtype:  Planck's_radiation_law  (physics) an equation that expresses the distribution of energy in the radiated spectrum of an ideal black body
              subtype:  principle_of_relativity  (physics) a universal law that states that the laws of mechanics are not affected by a uniform rectilinear motion of the system of coordinates to which they are referred
              subtype:  Weber's_law  (psychophysics) the concept that a just-noticeable difference in a stimulus is proportional to the magnitude of the original stimulus; "Weber's law explains why you don't notice your headlights are on in the daytime"
           subtype:  lexicalized_concept__lexicalizedconcept  a concept that is expressed by a word (in some particular language)
           subtype:  hypothesis.concept__possibility  a tentative theory about the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory"; "he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices"
              subtype:  theoretical_account__theoreticalaccount__model__framework  a simplified description of a complex entity or process; "the computer program was based on a model of the circulatory and respiratory systems"
                 subtype:  computer_simulation__simulation  (computer science) the technique of representing the real world by a computer program; "a simulation should imitate the internal processes and not merely the results of the thing being simulated"
                 subtype:  mean_sun  a theoretical sun that moves along the celestial equator at a constant speed and completes its annual course in the same amount of time the real sun takes at variable speeds
                 subtype:  Copernican_system  Copernicus' astronomical model in which the Earth rotates around the sun
                 subtype:  Ptolemaic_system  Ptolemy's model of the universe with the Earth at the center
                 subtype:  stochastic_process  a statistical process involving a number of random variables depending on a variable parameter (which is usually time)
                    subtype:  Markov_process__Markoff_process  a simple stochastic process in which the distribution of future states depends only on the present state and not on how it arrived in the present state
                       subtype:  Markov_chain__Markoff_chain  a Markov process for which the parameter is discrete time values
                    subtype:  stationary_stochastic_process  a stochastic process in which the distribution of the random variables is the same for any value of the variable parameter
                 subtype:  graph_model
                    subtype:  Conceptual_Graph_model
                    subtype:  RDF_model
                 subtype:  KADS_model
                    subtype:  KADS1_model
                       subtype:  KADS1_layer_of_Model_of_Expertise
                          subtype:  KADS1_inference_layer
                          subtype:  KADS1_task_layer
                          subtype:  KADS1_domain_layer
                       subtype:  KADS1_Model_of_Expertise
                          subtype:  KADS1_model_of_problem_solving_expertise
                          subtype:  KADS1_model_of_communication_expertise
                          subtype:  KADS1_model_of_cooperation_expertise
                          subtype:  KADS1_strategy_layer
                       subtype:  KADS1_Conceptual_Model
              subtype:  speculation  a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence); "speculations about the outcome of the election"; "he dismissed it as mere conjecture"
              subtype:  supposal__assumption__supposition  a hypothesis that is taken for granted; "any society is built upon certain assumptions"
                 subtype:  conclusion  an intuitive assumption; "jump to a conclusion"
                    subtype:  non_sequitur.conclusion__nonsequitur  (logic) a conclusion that does not follow from the premises
                 subtype:  fundament__basis__basi__base__foundation__groundwork__cornerstone  the fundamental assumptions underlying an explanation; "the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture"
                 subtype:  given__presumption  an assumption that is taken for granted
                 subtype:  basic_assumption__basicassumption__constatation__self-evident_truth  an assumption that is basic to an argument
           subtype:  fact.concept  a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
           subtype:  theory  a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena; "theories can incorporate facts and laws and tested hypotheses"; "true in fact and theory"
              subtype:  reductionism.theory  a theory that all complex systems can be completely understood in terms of their components
              subtype:  blastogenesis__blastogenesi  theory that inherited characteristics are transmitted by germ plasm
              subtype:  theory_of_preformation__preformation  a theory (popular in the 18th century and now discredited) that an individual develops by simple enlargement of a tiny fully formed organism (a homunculus) that exists in the germ cell
              subtype:  scientific_theory  a theory that explains scientific observations; "scientific theories must be falsifiable"
                 subtype:  big-bang_theory__big_bang_theory  (cosmology) the theory that the universe originated 20 billion years ago from the cataclysmic explosion of a small mass of matter at extremely high density and temperature
                 subtype:  nebular_hypothesis  the theory that the solar system evolved from a hot gaseous nebula
                 subtype:  planetesimal_hypothesis  the theory that the solar system was formed by the gravitational accumulation of planetesimals
                 subtype:  Newton's_theory_of_gravitation__theory_of_gravitation__theory_of_gravity__gravitational_theory__gravitationaltheory  (physics) the theory that any two particles of matter attract one another with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
                 subtype:  organicism  theory that the total organization of an organism rather than the functioning of individual organs is the determinant of life processes
                 subtype:  atomic_theory  a theory in which matter consists of atoms
                 subtype:  atomic_theory.scientific_theory__atomictheory  a theory of the structure of the atom
                    subtype:  Bohr_theory  (physics) a theory of atomic structure that combined Rutherford's model with the quantum theory; electrons orbiting a nucleus can only be in certain stationary energy states and light is emitted when electrons jump from one energy state to another
                    subtype:  Rutherford_atom  first modern concept of atomic structure; all of the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom are contained in a compact nucleus; a number of electrons (equal to the atomic number) occupy the rest of the volume of the atom and neutralize the positive charge
                 subtype:  cell_theory  (biology) the theory that cells form the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms
                 subtype:  wave_theory_of_light__wave_theory__undulatory_theory  the theory that light is transmitted as waves
                 subtype:  corpuscular_theory_of_light__corpuscular_theory__corpusculartheory  the theory that light is transmitted as a stream of particles
                 subtype:  kinetic_theory_of_gases__kinetictheoryofgase__kinetic_theory__kinetictheory  a theory that gases consist of small particles in random movement
                    subtype:  kinetic_theory_of_heat  a theory that the temperature of a body increases when kinetic energy increases
                 subtype:  Einstein's_theory_of_relativity__relativity__theory_of_relativity__relativity_theory  (physics) the theory that space and time are relative concepts rather than absolute concepts
                    subtype:  general_relativity_theory__general_relativity__generalrelativity__general_theory_of_relativity__Einstein's_general_theory_of_relativity  a generalization of special relativity to include gravity (based on the principle of equivalence)
                    subtype:  special_relativity_theory__special_relativity__specialrelativity__special_theory_of_relativity__Einstein's_special_theory_of_relativity  a physical theory of relativity based on the assumption that the speed of light in a vacuum is a constant and the assumption that the laws of physics are invariant in all inertial systems
                 subtype:  supersymmetry  a theory that tries to link the four fundamental forces; "according to supersymmetry each force emerged separately during the big bang"
                 subtype:  quantum_theory__quantumtheory  a physical theory that certain properties occur only in discrete amounts (quanta)
                 subtype:  uncertainty_principle__uncertaintyprinciple__indeterminacy_principle__indeterminacyprinciple  the theory that it is impossible to measure both energy and time (or position and momentum) completely accurately at the same time
                 subtype:  germ_theory  the theory that all contagious diseases are caused by microorganisms
                 subtype:  information_theory__informationtheory  a statistical theory dealing with the limits and efficiency of information processing
                 subtype:  Arrhenius_theory_of_dissociation__theory_of_dissociation__theory_of_electrolytic_dissociation  (chemistry) theory that describes aqueous solutions in terms of acids (which dissociate to give hydrogen ions) and bases (which dissociate to give hydroxyl ions); the product of an acid and a base is a salt and water
                 subtype:  theory_of_evolution__theory_of_organic_evolution  (biology) a scientific theory of the origin of species of plants and animals
                    subtype:  Darwinism  a theory of organic evolution claiming that new species arise and are perpetuated by natural selection
                       subtype:  Neo-Darwinism  a modern Darwinian theory that explains new species in terms of genetic mutations
                    subtype:  Lamarckism  a theory of organic evolution claiming that acquired characteristics are transmitted to offspring
                       subtype:  Neo-Lamarckism  a modern Lamarckian theory emphasizing the importance of environmental factors in genetic changes and retaining the notion of the inheritance of acquired characters
                 subtype:  Ostwald's_theory_of_indicators__theory_of_indicators  (chemistry) the theory that all indicators are either weak acids or weak bases in which the color of the ionized form is different from the color before dissociation
                 subtype:  theory_of_inheritance  a theory of how characteristics of one generation are derived from earlier generations
                    subtype:  Mendelism__Mendelianism  the theory of inheritance based on Mendel's laws
                 subtype:  game_theory__theory_of_games  a theory of competition stated in terms of gains and losses among opposing players
              subtype:  economic_theory  (economics) a theory of commercial activities (such as the production and consumption of goods)
                 subtype:  consumerism.economic_theory  the theory that an increasing consumption of goods is economically beneficial
                 subtype:  Keynesianism  the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes who advocated government monetary and fiscal programs intended to stimulate business activity and increase employment
                 subtype:  liberalism.economic_theory  an economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market and the gold standard
                 subtype:  Malthusianism__Malthusian_theory  Malthus' theory that population increase would outpace increases in the means of subsistence
                 subtype:  monetarism  an economic theory holding that variations in unemployment and the rate of inflation are usually caused by changes in the supply of money
              subtype:  structural_sociology__structuralism  a sociological theory based on the premise that society comes before individuals
              subtype:  structural_anthropology__structuralism  an anthropological theory that there are unobservable social structures that generate observable social phenomena
           subtype:  linguistic_rule__rule  a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice
              subtype:  grammatical_rule__grammaticalrule__ruleofgrammar  a linguistic rule for the syntax of grammatical utterances
        subtype:  preoccupation  an idea that preoccupies the mind and holds the attention
           subtype:  obsession__fixation  an unhealthy and compulsive preoccupation with something or someone
           subtype:  hang-up  (informal) an emotional preoccupation
           subtype:  hobbyhorse  a topic to which on constantly reverts: "don't get him started on his hobbyhorse"
           subtype:  self-absorption__selfabsorption  preoccupation with yourself to the exclusion of everything else
        subtype:  misconception  an incorrect conception
           subtype:  fallacy__falsebelief  a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning
              subtype:  pseudoscience  an activity resembling science but based on fallacious assumptions
                 subtype:  astrology__stardivination  a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon
                    subtype:  horoscopy  the drawing up and interpretation of horoscopes
                 subtype:  alchemy  a pseudoscientific forerunner of chemistry in medieval times
              subtype:  logical_fallacy  a fallacy in logical argumentation
                 subtype:  hysteron_proteron  the logical fallacy of using as a true premise a proposition that is yet to be proved
                 subtype:  ignoratio_elenchi__ignoratioelenchi  the logical fallacy of supposing that an argument proving an irrelevant point has proved the point at issue
                 subtype:  petitio_principii__petitio  the logical fallacy of assuming the conclusion in the premises; begging the question
                 subtype:  post_hoc_ergo_propter_hoc__post_hoc  the logical fallacy of believing that temporal succession implies a causal relation
              subtype:  pathetic_fallacy  the fallacy of attributing human feelings to inanimate objects; `the friendly sun' is an example of the pathetic fallacy
              subtype:  sophism  a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone
              subtype:  paralogism  an unintentionally invalid argument
           subtype:  erroneous_belief__erroneousbelief__error  a misconception resulting from incorrect information
           subtype:  self-deception__self-deceit  a misconception that is favorable to the person who holds it
           subtype:  misunderstanding__mistake__misapprehension  an understanding of something that is not correct; "he wasn't going to admit his mistake"; "make no mistake about his intentions"; "there must be some misunderstanding--I don't have a sister"
           subtype:  illusion.misconception__fantasy__fancy  something many people believe that is false; "they have the illusion that I am very wealthy"
              subtype:  bubble.illusion  an impracticable and illusory idea; "he didn't want to burst the newcomer's bubble"
              subtype:  will-o'-the-wisp__ignis_fatuus  an illusion that misleads
              subtype:  wishful_thinking__wishfulthinking  the illusion that what you wish for is actually true
           subtype:  delusion  a mistaken opinion or idea; "he has delusions of competence"
              subtype:  freak_out__freakout__disorientation  a wild delusion (especially one induced by a hallucinogenic drug)
           subtype:  mirage  something illusory and unattainable
        subtype:  plan__program__programme  a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished; "they drew up a six-step plan"; "they discussed plans for a new bond issue"
           subtype:  outline.plan__schema__scheme  a schematic or preliminary plan
           subtype:  master_plan  a long-term outline of a project or government function: "the zoning board adopted a master plan for the new development"
           subtype:  blueprint.plan__design__pattern  something intended as a guide for making something else; "a blueprint for a house"; "a pattern for a skirt"
           subtype:  plan_of_action  a plan for actively doing something
              subtype:  play.plan_of_action  a preset plan of action in team sports; "the coach drew up the plays for her team"
                 subtype:  knock_on__knockon  (Rugby) knocking the ball forward while trying to catch it (a foul)
                 subtype:  football_play  a play by the offensive team in a football game
                    subtype:  touchback  (American football) a play in which the opposing team has kicked the football into your end zone
                    subtype:  running_play__runningplay__running__running_game__runninggame  a football play in which a player runs with the ball; "the defensive line braced to stop the run"; "the coach put great emphasis on running"
                       subtype:  draw_play__draw  the quarterback moves back as if to pass and then hands the ball to the fullback who is running toward the line of scrimmage
                       subtype:  return.running_play  the act of running back the football after a kickoff or punt or interception or fumble
                       subtype:  rush.running_play__rushing  (football) an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line; "the linebackers were ready to stop a rush"
                       subtype:  end_run__endrun__sweep  (football) an attempt to advance the ball by running around the end of the line
                    subtype:  passing_play__passingplay__pass__passing_game__passinggame__passing  a football play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate; "the coach sent in a passing play on third and long"
                       subtype:  forward_pass__aerial  a pass to a receiver downfield from the passer
                          subtype:  screen_pass  a forward pass in which the receiver is protected by a screen of blockers
                       subtype:  lateral_pass__lateral  a pass to a receiver upfield from the passer
                    subtype:  handoff  a football play in which one player hands the ball to a teammate
                    subtype:  tackle.football_play  (football) grasping an opposing player with the intention of stopping by throwing to the ground
                 subtype:  razzle-dazzle__razzle__razzmatazz__razmataz  any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent
                 subtype:  basketball_play  a play executed by a basketball team
                    subtype:  pick  a basketball maneuver; obstructing an opponent with one's body; "he was called for setting an illegal pick"
                    subtype:  switch.basketball_play  a basketball maneuver; two defensive players shift assignments so that each guards the player usually guarded by the other
                    subtype:  give-and-go  a basketball maneuver; one offensive player passes the ball to another, then runs toward the basket to take a return pass
                 subtype:  baseball_play  a play executed by a baseball team
                    subtype:  double_play  the act of getting two players out on one play
                    subtype:  triple_play  the act of getting three players out on one play
                    subtype:  squeeze_play__squeezeplay  a baseball play in which a runner on third base tries to score as the batter bunts the pitch
                       subtype:  suicide_squeeze_play__suicidesqueezeplay__suicide_squeeze__suicidesqueeze  the runner on third base starts home as the pitcher delivers the ball
                       subtype:  safety_squeeze_play__safety_squeeze  the runner on third base waits to start home until the batter has bunted successfully
              subtype:  policy.plan_of_action  a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group; "it was a policy of retribution"; "a politician keeps changing his policies"
                 subtype:  activism  a policy of taking direct and militant action to achieve a political or social goal
                 subtype:  obscurantism.policy  a policy of opposition to enlightenment or the spread of knowledge
              subtype:  battle_plan  plan for conducting a battle
              subtype:  system.plan_of_action  a procedure or process for obtaining an objective; "they had to devise a system that did not depend on cooperation"
                 subtype:  credit_system  a system for allowing people to purchase things on credit
                 subtype:  legal_system__legalsystem  a system for interpreting and enforcing the laws
                    subtype:  bail  the legal system that allows an accused person to be temporarily released from custody (usually on condition that a sum of money guarantees their appearance at trial); "he is out on bail"
                    subtype:  jury_system  a legal system for determining the facts at issue in a law suit
                    subtype:  patent_system  a legal system for protecting the rights of inventors
                    subtype:  tax_system__taxsystem  a legal system for assessing and collecting taxes
                    subtype:  voting_system__electoral_system__electoralsystem  a legal system for making democratic choices
                       subtype:  uninominal_system__uninominal_voting_system__single-member_system__scrutin_uninomial_system__scrutinuninomialsystem__scrutin_uninominal_voting_system  based on the principle of having only one member (as of a legislature) selected from each electoral district
                       subtype:  list_system__scrutin_de_liste__scrutin_de_liste_system  based on the principle of proportional representation; voters choose between party lists, the number elected from each list being determined by the percentage cast for each list out of the total vote
                 subtype:  pricing_system__pricingsystem  a system for setting prices on goods or services
                 subtype:  promotion_system__promotionsystem  a system for advancing participants to higher-status positions
              subtype:  tactic__maneuver__manoeuvre  a plan for attaining a particular goal
              subtype:  strategy__scheme  an elaborate and systematic plan of action
                 subtype:  stratagem__contrivance__dodge  an elaborate or deceitful scheme contrived to deceive or evade; "his testimony was just a contrivance to throw us off the track"
                    subtype:  plant.stratagem  something planted secretly for discovery by another; "the police used a plant to trick the thieves"; "he claimed that the evidence against him was a plant"
                    subtype:  wangle__wangling  an instance of accomplishing something by scheming or trickery
                 subtype:  game_plan  a plan for achieving an objective (especially in some sport)
                 subtype:  house_of_cards__bubble  a speculative scheme that depends on unstable factors that the planner cannot control; "his proposal was nothing but a house of cards"; "a real estate bubble"
                 subtype:  secret_plan__plot  a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal); "they concocted a plot to discredit the governor"
                    subtype:  counterplot  a plot intended to subvert another plot
                    subtype:  machination  covert and involved plotting to achieve your ends
                       subtype:  priestcraft.machination  a derogatory reference to priests who use their influence to control secular or political affairs
                    subtype:  cabal__conspiracy  a plot to carry out some harmful or illegal act (especially a political plot)
                       subtype:  Gunpowder_Plot  a conspiracy in 1605 in England to blow up King James I and the Houses of Parliament to avenge the persecution of Catholics in England; led by Guy Fawkes
                 subtype:  waiting_game__waitinggame  a strategy of delay
                 subtype:  incentive_program__incentiveprogram__incentive_scheme__incentivescheme  a formal scheme for inducing someone (as employees) to do something
              subtype:  travel_plan__itinerary  a proposed route of travel
           subtype:  regimen__regime  (medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)
           subtype:  project__projection  a planned undertaking
              subtype:  money-spinner__moneyspinner__moneymaker__cash_cow  a project that generates a continuous flow of money
              subtype:  software__software_system__software_package__package  (computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory; "the market for software is expected to expand"
                 subtype:  alpha_software__alphasoftware  a first release of a software product that is usually tested only by the developers
                 subtype:  authoring_language__authoringlanguage  software that can be used to develop interactive computer programs without the technically demanding task of computer programming
                 subtype:  beta_software  pre-release software that has received an alpha test but still has more bugs than a regular release; "beta software is usually available only to particular users who will test it"
                 subtype:  compatible_software  software that can run on different computers without modification
                 subtype:  compatible_software.software__compatiblesoftware  application software programs that share common conventions so they can be utilized together
                 subtype:  computer-aided_design__CAD  software used in art and architecture and engineering and manufacturing to assist in precision drawing
                 subtype:  freeware  software that is provided without charge
                 subtype:  groupware  software that can be used by a group of people who are working on the same information but may be distributed in space
                 subtype:  operating_system__operatingsystem__OS  (computer science) software that controls the execution of computer programs and may provide various services
                    subtype:  DOS__disk_operating_system  an operating system that is on a disk
                       subtype:  MS-DOS__Microsoft_disk_operating_system  an operating system developed by Bill Gates for personal computers
                    subtype:  UNIX__UNIX_operating_system__UNIX_system  a powerful operating system developed at the Bell Telephone Laboratories
                 subtype:  computer_program__program__programme__computer_programme  (computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute; "the program required several hundred lines of code"
                    subtype:  application_program__applicationprogram__application__applications_programme  a program that gives a computer instructions that provide the user with tools to accomplish a task; "he has tried several different word processing applications"
                       subtype:  active_application  an application that is currently running and in the foreground
                       subtype:  applet  a Java application; an application program that uses the client's web browser to provide a user interface
                       subtype:  web_browser__webbrowser__browser  a program used to view HTML documents
                          subtype:  Mosaic  a freeware browser
                          subtype:  Netscape  a commercial browser
                       subtype:  natural_language_processor__natural_language_processing_application  an application program that deals with natural language text
                          subtype:  disambiguator  (computer science) a natural language processing application that tries to determine the intended meaning of a word or phrase by examining the linguistic context in which it is used
                       subtype:  job.application_program  (computer science) a program application that may consist of several steps but is a single logical unit
                       subtype:  word_processor__word_processing_system  an application that provides the user with tools needed to write and edit and format text and to send it to a printer
                       subtype:  editor_program__editor  (computer science) a program designed to perform such editorial functions as rearrangement or modification or deletion of data
                          subtype:  linkage_editor__linkageeditor  an editor program that creates one module from several by resolving cross-references among the modules
                          subtype:  text_editor  (computer science) an application that can be used to create and view and edit text files
                             subtype:  Emacs_text_editor
                          subtype:  graph_editor__grapheditor__graph_graphical-editor__graphgraphicaleditor
                             subtype:  hierarchy_editor__hierarchyeditor  a graph editor tailored to ease the display and edition of hierarchies
                                subtype:  taxonomy_graphical_editor
                             subtype:  hyperbolic_graph_editor
                             subtype:  knowledge_graphical_editor__knowledgegraphicaleditor
                                subtype:  taxonomy_graphical_editor
                                subtype:  CG_graphical_editor
                                   subtype:  Charger
                                subtype:  FCA_structure_graphical_editor  graphic editor of FCA objects
                    subtype:  loop.computer_program  a computer program that performs a series of instructions repeatedly until some specified condition is satisfied
                    subtype:  patch.computer_program  a short set of commands to correct a bug in a computer program
                    subtype:  assembler__assembly_program  a program to convert assembly language into machine language
                    subtype:  checking_program  a program that examines other computer programs for syntax errors
                    subtype:  compiler__compiling_program__compilingprogram  (computer science) a program that decodes instructions written in a higher order language and produces an assembly language program
                       subtype:  C_compiler  a compiler for programs written in C
                       subtype:  Fortran_compiler  a compiler for programs written in Fortran
                       subtype:  LISP_compiler  a compiler for programs written in LISP
                       subtype:  Pascal_compiler  a compiler for programs written in Pascal
                    subtype:  debugger  a program that helps in locating and correcting programming errors
                    subtype:  user_interface__interface  (computer science) a program that controls a display for the user (usually on a computer monitor) and that allows the user to interact with the system
                       subtype:  command_line_interface__CLI  a user interface in which you type commands instead of choosing them from a menu or selecting an icon
                       subtype:  graphical_user_interface__GUI  a user interface based on graphics (icons and pictures and menus) instead of text; uses a mouse as well as a keyboard as an input device
                          subtype:  2D_user_interface
                          subtype:  3D_user_interface
                          subtype:  HTML_based_interface
                          subtype:  graph_visualization_interface__graphvisualizationinterface
                             subtype:  display-only_graph_viewer
                             subtype:  graph_editor__grapheditor__graph_graphical-editor__graphgraphicaleditor
                       subtype:  user_interface
                          subtype:  non-graphical_user_interface
                             subtype:  procedure_call_interface
                                subtype:  network-accessible_procedure_call_interface
                                   subtype:  RPC_interface__Remote_Procedure_Call_interface__remoteprocedurecallinterface
                                subtype:  API__application_programming_interface__applicationprogramminginterface
                             subtype:  command_based_interface__commandbasedinterface
                                subtype:  network-accessible_command_based_interface
                                   subtype:  OKBC_interface
                                   subtype:  CGI-accessible_command_based_interface
                                subtype:  direct_command_based_interface__shell
                                   subtype:  sh
                                   subtype:  ksh
                                   subtype:  csh
                          subtype:  graphical_user_interface
                          subtype:  network-accessible_interface
                             subtype:  Web_based_interface
                                subtype:  HTML_based_interface
                                subtype:  CGI_based_interface
                             subtype:  network-accessible_procedure_call_interface
                             subtype:  network-accessible_command_based_interface
                    subtype:  interpretive_program__interpreter  (computer science) a program that translates and executes source language statements one line at a time
                    subtype:  job_control__jobcontrol  a program that is called to prepare each job to be run
                    subtype:  library_program__libraryprogram  a program in a program library
                    subtype:  monitor_program__monitoring_program  a program that observes and regulates and controls or verifies the operations of a data-processing system
                    subtype:  object_program__target_program  a fully compiled or assembled program ready to be loaded into the computer
                    subtype:  source_program  a program written in a language from which statements are translated into machine language
                    subtype:  relocatable_program__relocatableprogram  a program that can be located in different parts of memory at different times
                    subtype:  reusable_program  a program that can be loaded once and executed repeatedly
                    subtype:  search_engine  a computer program that retrieves documents or files or data from a database or from a computer network (especially from the internet)
                    subtype:  self-adapting_program  a program that can change its performance in response to its environment
                    subtype:  spreadsheet  a screen-oriented interactive program enabling a user to lay out financial data on the screen
                    subtype:  supervisory_program__supervisoryprogram__supervisor__executive_program__executiveprogram  a program that controls the execution of other programs
                    subtype:  syntax_checker  a program to check natural language syntax
                    subtype:  system_program__systems_program__systemsprogram__systems_software__systemssoftware  a program (as an operating system or compiler or utility program) that controls some aspect of the operation of a computer
                    subtype:  translating_program__translatingprogram__translator  a program that translates one programming language into another
                    subtype:  utility_program__utilityprogram__utility__service_program__serviceprogram  (computer science) a program designed for general support of the processes of a computer; "a computer system provides utility programs to perform the tasks needed by most users"
                       subtype:  device_driver__driver  (computer science) a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device
                       subtype:  diagnostic_program  a program that recognizes and explains faults in the equipment or mistakes in a computer program
                       subtype:  input_program__inputprogram  a utility program that organizes the input to a computer
                       subtype:  output_program  a utility program that organizes the output of a computer
                       subtype:  sort_program__sorting_program__sortingprogram  a utility program that sorts data items
                       subtype:  trace_program__traceprogram  a utility program that exhibits the sequence and results of executing the instructions in another program
                          subtype:  snapshot_program  a trace program that produces output for selected conditions
                    subtype:  script  program witten with an interpreted language
                       subtype:  class_script__classscript  script associated to a class
                       subtype:  object_script  script associated to a class instance (that is not a class itself
                       subtype:  global_script  script that is not associated to an object or a class
                    subtype:  program_written_in_a_certain_language
                       subtype:  LISP_program  a program written in LISP
                       subtype:  FORTRAN_program  a program written in FORTRAN
                       subtype:  C_program  a program written in C
                 subtype:  subroutine__routine__subprogram__procedure__function  a set sequence of steps, part of larger computer program
                    subtype:  cataloged_procedure__catalogedprocedure  a set of control statements that have been placed in a library and can be retrieved by name
                    subtype:  contingency_procedure__contingencyprocedure  an alternative to the normal procedure; triggered if an unusual but anticipated situation arises
                    subtype:  library_routine__libraryroutine  a debugged routine that is maintained in a program library
                    subtype:  random_number_generator  a routine designed to yield a random number
                    subtype:  recursive_routine__recursiveroutine  a routine that can call itself
                    subtype:  reusable_routine  a routine that can be loaded once and executed repeatedly
                    subtype:  supervisory_routine__supervisoryroutine__executive_routine__executiveroutine  a routine that coordinates the operation of subroutines
                    subtype:  tracing_routine  a routine that provides a chronological record of the execution of a computer program
                    subtype:  utility_routine__utilityroutine__service_routine__serviceroutine  a routine that can be used as needed
                       subtype:  dump_routine  a routine that writes from an internal store to some external medium
                       subtype:  input_routine__inputroutine  a routine that writes from an external source to an internal store
                       subtype:  output_routine  a routine that controls an output device
                 subtype:  shareware  software that has been copyrighted but is sold to users with permission to copy it and give it to others
                 subtype:  shrink-wrapped_software  software on cd-roms that are boxed and shrink-wrapped and sold in stores (implying a widely supported standard platform)
                 subtype:  supervisory_software__supervisorysoftware  specialized programs that reside permanently in the computer's main memory and control the processing of user's programs
                 subtype:  software_documentation__documentation  program listings or technical manuals describing the operation and use of programs
                 subtype:  DBMS__database_management_system  a software system that facilitates the creation and maintenance and use of an electronic database
                    subtype:  RDBMS__relational_database_management_system  a database management system designed to manage a relational database
                    subtype:  ODBMS__OODBMS__object-oriented_database_management_system  $("ODBMS" added as key, "OODBMS" added)$a database management system designed to manage an object-oriented database
                    subtype:  ORDBMS__object-relational_DBMS__extended_RDBM  DBMS mixing features from RDBMSs and ODBMSs but not being a genuine RDBMS nor ODBMS
                       subtype:  in_memory_ORDBMS
                       subtype:  Gigabase
                    subtype:  DDBMS
                    subtype:  in_memory_DBMS__IMDBMS  DBMS loading/mapping the whole database in main memory before answering a query
                       subtype:  in_memory_ODBMS
                          subtype:  FastDB
                    subtype:  federated_DBMS__multi_DBMS
                 subtype:  IR_system
                    subtype:  distributed_IR_system
                       subtype:  distributed_hypertext_IR_system__distributedhypertextirsystem  e.g. the WWW
                          subtype:  WWW
                       subtype:  Semantic_Web
                    subtype:  hypertext_system__hypertextsystem  a database management system that allows chunks of text (objects) to be processed as a complex network of nodes that are linked together in an arbitrary way
                 subtype:  KM_tool__knowledge_management_tool
                    subtype:  knowledge_base_system__KBS
                       subtype:  KBMS
                          subtype:  graph_based_KBMS
                          subtype:  SNEPSwD
                          subtype:  CG_based_KBMS
                             subtype:  CGWorld
                             subtype:  PROLOG\+CG
                             subtype:  CoGITaNT
                             subtype:  Notio
                             subtype:  WebKB
                                subtype:  WebKB-1__WebKB_private_annotation_tool
                                subtype:  WebKB-2__WebKB_shared_annotation_tool
                    subtype:  inference_engine__inferenceengine
                    subtype:  KA_tool
                       subtype:  KADS_tool
                    subtype:  terminological_analysis_tool
                       subtype:  ACABIT
                       subtype:  LEXTER
                       subtype:  TERMS
                       subtype:  XTract
                    subtype:  knowledge_based_IR_system
                       subtype:  WebKB
                       subtype:  CGKAT
                    subtype:  knowledge_interface_generator__knowledgeinterfacegenerator
                       subtype:  knowledge_graphical_editor__knowledgegraphicaleditor
                    subtype:  language/structure_specific_tool
                       subtype:  CG_related_tool__cgrelatedtool
                          subtype:  CG_based_KBMS
                          subtype:  CG_graphical_editor
                          subtype:  NL_parser_with_CG_output
                    subtype:  ontology_management_tool
                    subtype:  FCA_tool
                       subtype:  FCA_structure_graphical_editor  graphic editor of FCA objects
           subtype:  agenda__docket__schedule  a temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to
              subtype:  menu.agenda__fare  an agenda of things to do; "they worked rapidly down the menu of reports"
           subtype:  pension_plan__pensionplan__retirement_plan__retirement_program  a plan for setting aside money to be spent after retirement
              subtype:  individual_retirement_account__IRA  a self-funded retirement plan that allows you to contribute a limited yearly sum toward your retirement; taxes on the interest earned in the account are deferred
           subtype:  employee_savings_plan  a plan that allows employees to contribute to an investment pool managed the employer
              subtype:  401-k_plan__401kplan__401-k__401k  an employee savings plan that allows employees to contribute pre-tax dollars and federal income taxes are deferred until retirement or withdrawal from the plan; can then be converted into an IRA
           subtype:  stock_purchase_plan  an organized plan for employees of a company to buy shares of its stock
              subtype:  employee_stock_ownership_plan__ESOP  a program under which employees regularly accumulate shares and may ultimately assume control of the company
           subtype:  budget.plan  a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them; "the president submitted the annual budget to Congress"
              subtype:  balanced_budget  a budget is balanced when current expenditures are equal to receipts
        subtype:  figment  a contrived or fantastic idea; "a figment of the imagination"
        subtype:  generalization__generalisation__generality  an idea having general application; "he spoke in broad generalities"
           subtype:  principle.generalization__rule  a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct; "their principles of composition characterized all their works"
              subtype:  pillar  a fundamental principle or practice; "science eroded the pillars of superstition"
        subtype:  suggestion  an idea that is suggested; "the picnic was her suggestion"
           subtype:  inkling  a slight suggestion; "he had no inkling what was about to happen"
        subtype:  impression__feeling__belief__notion__opinion  a vague idea in which some confidence is placed; "his impression of her was favorable"; "what are your feelings about the crisis?"; "it strengthened my belief in his sincerity"; "I had a feeling that she was lying"
           subtype:  presence.impression  the impression that something is present; "he felt the presence of an evil force"
           subtype:  effect.impression  an impression (especially one that is artificial or contrived); "he just did it for effect"
              subtype:  sound_effect__soundeffect  an effect that imitates a sound called for in the script of a play
              subtype:  special_effect__specialeffect  an effect used to produce scenes that cannot be achieved by normal techniques (especially on film)
                 subtype:  stage_effect__stageeffect  a special effect created on the stage
           subtype:  intuition.impression__hunch__suspicion  an impression that something might be the case; "he had an intuition that something had gone wrong"
              subtype:  heart__bosom  the locus of feelings and intuitions; "in your heart you know it is true"; "her story would melt your bosom"
        subtype:  reaction.idea  an idea evoked by some experience; "his reaction to the news was to start planning what to do"
        subtype:  theorem.idea  an idea accepted as a demonstrable truth
        subtype:  whim__notion__whimsy__whimsey  a whimsical idea; "the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories"
        subtype:  meaning__substance  the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?"
           subtype:  significance.meaning__import__implication  a meaning that is not expressly stated but can be inferred; "the significance of his remark became clear only later"; "the expectation was spread both by word and by implication"
           subtype:  tenor.meaning__strain  pervading note of an utterance; "I could follow the general tenor of his argument"
              subtype:  purport__drift  general meaning or tenor: "caught the drift of the conversation"
           subtype:  undercurrent__undertone  subdued emotional quality underlying an utterance; implicit meaning
           subtype:  denotation__reference__extension  the class of objects that an expression refers to; "the extension of `satellite of Mars' is the set containing only Demos and Phobos"
           subtype:  reference.meaning  the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to; "he argued that reference is a consequence of conditioned reflexes"
           subtype:  connotation  an idea that is implied or suggested
        subtype:  burden  the central idea that is expanded in a document or discourse
        subtype:  theme__motif  a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in a literary or artistic work; "it was the usual `boy gets girl' theme"
        subtype:  ideal  the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain
           subtype:  value.ideal  an ideal accepted by some individual or group; "he has old-fashioned values"
              subtype:  introject  (psychoanalysis) a parental figures (and their values) that you introjected as a child; the voice of conscience is usually a parent's voice internalized
              subtype:  principle  a rule or standard especially of good behavior: "a man of principle"; "he will not violate his principles"
                 subtype:  chivalry  the medieval principles of knighthood
                 subtype:  ethic__moral_principle__moralprinciple__value-system__valuesystem__value_orientation__valueorientation  the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group; "the Puritan ethic"; "a person with old-fashioned values"
                    subtype:  Chartism  the principles of a body of 19th century English reformers who advocated better social and economic conditions for working people
                 subtype:  Hellenism  the principles and ideals associated with classical Greek civilization
                 subtype:  legal_principle__legalprinciple__judicial_principle__judicial_doctrine  a principle underlying the formulation of jurisprudence
                    subtype:  jus_sanguinis__jussanguini  the principle that a person's nationality at birth is the same as that of his natural parents
                    subtype:  jus_soli__jussoli  the principle that a person's nationality at birth is determined by the place of birth
                    subtype:  pre-emption__preemption__preemption  the judicial principle asserting the supremacy of federal over state legislation on the same subject
                 subtype:  scruple  an ethical or moral principle that inhibits action
           subtype:  idol__paragon__perfection__beau_ideal  an ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept
           subtype:  standard__criterion  the ideal in terms of which something can be judged; "they live by the standards of their community"
              subtype:  control_condition__controlcondition__control  a standard against which other conditions can be compared in a scientific experiment; "the control condition was inappropriate for the conclusions he wished to draw"
              subtype:  design_criteria  criteria that designers should meet in designing some system or device; "the job specifications summarized the design criteria"
           subtype:  exemplar__example__model__good_example  something to be imitated; "an exemplar of success"; "a model of clarity"; "he is the very model of a modern major general"
              subtype:  beaut__beauty  an outstanding example of its kind; "his roses were beauties"; "when I make a mistake it's a beaut"
              subtype:  pattern  a model considered worthy of imitation; "the American constitution has provided a pattern for many republics"
           subtype:  ego_ideal__egoideal  an ideal of personal excellence toward which a person strives
        subtype:  idealization.idea__idealisation  something that exists only as an idea
        subtype:  keynote  a fundamental or central idea
     subtype:  heart_and_soul__heartandsoul__kernel__substance__core__center__essence__heart__inwardness__marrow__meat__nub__sum__nittygritty  the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience: "the gist of the prosecutor's argument"; "the heart and soul of the Republican Party"; "the nub of the story"
        subtype:  hypostasis.heart_and_soul__hypostasi  (metaphysics) essential nature or underlying reality
        subtype:  quiddity__haecceity  the essence that makes something the kind of thing it is and makes it different from any other
        subtype:  quintessence.heart_and_soul  the purest and most concentrated essence of something
        subtype:  stuff.heart_and_soul  a critically important or characteristic component; "suspense is the very stuff of narrative"
     subtype:  wisdom  accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment
        subtype:  abstrusity__reconditeness__reconditenes__abstrusenes__profoundness__profundity  wisdom that is recondite and abstruse and profound; "the anthropologist was impressed by the reconditeness of the native proverbs"
     subtype:  internal_representation__representation__mental_representation  a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image
        subtype:  overlap.internal_representation__convergence  a representation of common ground between theories or phenomena; "there was no overlap between their proposals"
           subtype:  crossroads  a point where a choice must be made; "Freud's work stands at the crossroads between psychology and neurology"
           subtype:  interface.overlap  the overlap where two theories or phenomena affect each other or have links with each other; "the interface between chemistry and biology"
        subtype:  instantiation  a representation of an idea in the form of an instance of it; "how many instantiations were found?"
        subtype:  antitype.internal_representation  a person or thing represented or foreshadowed by a type or symbol; especially a figure in the Old Testament having a counterpart in the New Testament
        subtype:  stereotype  a conventional or formulaic conception or image: "regional stereotypes have been part of America since its founding"
        subtype:  schema__scheme  an internal representation of the world; an organization of concepts and actions that can be revised by new information about the world
        subtype:  mental_image__image  an iconic mental representation; "her imagination forced images upon her too awful to contemplate"
           subtype:  imagination_image__imaginationimage__thought-image__thoughtimage  a mental image produced by the imagination
           subtype:  memory_image  a mental image of something previously experienced
              subtype:  memory_picture  a memory image that is similar to a visual perception
              subtype:  afterimage__aftersensation  an image (usually a negative image) that persists after stimulation has ceased
                 subtype:  aftertaste  an afterimage of a taste
           subtype:  visual_image__visualization__visualisation  a mental image that is similar to a visual perception
           subtype:  mental_picture__picture__impression  a clear and telling mental image; "he described his mental picture of his assailant"; "he had no clear picture of himself or his world"; "the events left a permanent impression in his mind"
           subtype:  auditory_image  a mental image that is similar to an auditory perception
        subtype:  interpretation.internal_representation__reading__version  a mental representation of the meaning or significance of something
           subtype:  anagoge  a mystical or allegorical interpretation (especially of Scripture)
           subtype:  reinterpretation.interpretation  a new or different meaning
           subtype:  exegesis.interpretation__exegesi  critical interpretation of a text (especially of the Bible)
           subtype:  eisegesis  personal interpretation of a text (especially of the Bible) using your own ideas
        subtype:  phantasmagoria  a constantly changing medley or real or imagined images (as in a dream)
        subtype:  psychosexuality  the mental representation of sexual activities
        subtype:  percept__perception__perceptual_experience  the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept
           subtype:  figure.percept  a unitary percept having structure and coherence that is the object of attention and that stands out against a ground
           subtype:  ground.percept  a relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused
           subtype:  visual_percept__visual_image  a percept that arises from the eyes; an image in the visual system
              subtype:  sight  an instance of visual perception; "the sight of his wife brought him back to reality"; "the train was an unexpected sight"
              subtype:  vista__view__aspect__prospect__scene__panorama  the visual percept of a region; "the most desirable feature of the park are the beautiful views"
                 subtype:  background.vista__ground  the part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground; "he posed her against a background of rolling hills"
                 subtype:  coast  the area within view; "the coast is clear"
                 subtype:  exposure.vista  aspect re light or wind; "the studio had a northern exposure"
                 subtype:  foreground  the part of a scene that is near the viewer
                 subtype:  glimpse  a brief or incomplete view; "from the window he could catch a glimpse of the lake"
                 subtype:  middle_distance  the part of a scene between the foreground and the background
                 subtype:  side_view  a view from the side of something
                    subtype:  profile.side_view  a side view representation of an object (especially a human face)
                 subtype:  tableau  any dramatic scene
              subtype:  visual_field__field_of_regard  all of the points of the physical environment that can be perceived by a stable eye at a given moment
              subtype:  field_of_view__field  the area that is visible (as through an optical instrument)
                 subtype:  microscopic_field__microscopicfield  the areas that is visible through a microscope
                 subtype:  operative_field__operativefield  the area that is open during surgery
        subtype:  memory  something that is remembered; "search as he would, the memory was lost"
           subtype:  reminiscence  a mental impression retained and recalled from the past
           subtype:  recollection  something recalled to the mind
           subtype:  engram__memory_trace  a postulated biochemical change (presumably in neural tissue) that represents a memory
           subtype:  confabulation  (psychiatry) a plausible but imagined memory that fills in gaps in what is remembered
           subtype:  screen_memory  an imagined memory of a childhood experience; hides another memory of distressing significance
        subtype:  example__model  a representative form or pattern; "I profited from his example"
           subtype:  lodestar__loadstar  something that serves as a model or guide
           subtype:  prototype__paradigm__epitome__image  a standard or typical example; "he is the prototype of good breeding"; "he provided America with an image of the good father"
              subtype:  imago.prototype  (psychoanalysis) an idealized image of someone (usually a parent) formed in childhood
              subtype:  concentrate.prototype  a concentrated example; "the concentrate of contemporary despair"
           subtype:  type_specimen__holotype  the original specimen from which the description of anew species is made
           subtype:  microcosm  a miniature model of something
           subtype:  original__archetype__pilot  an original model on which something is patterned
           subtype:  template__templet  a model or standard for making comparisons
              subtype:  speech_rhythm__rhythm  the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements; "the rhythm of Frost's poetry"
        subtype:  appearance.internal_representation  a mental representation; "I tried to describe his appearance to the police"
           subtype:  illusion__semblance  an erroneous mental representation
              subtype:  phantom__apparition__shadow  something existing in perception only: "a ghostly apparition at midnight"
                 subtype:  unidentified_flying_object__UFO__flying_saucer  an (apparently) flying object whose nature is unknown; especially those considered to have extraterrestrial origins
                 subtype:  Flying_Dutchman.phantom__flyingdutchman  a phantom ship that is said to appear in storms near the Cape of Good Hope
                 subtype:  spook__ghost__shade__wraith__specter  a mental representation of some haunting experience; "he looked like he had seen a ghost"; "it aroused specters from his past"
              subtype:  phantom_limb__phantomlimb  the illusion that a limb still exists after it has been amputated
           subtype:  three-D__3-D__3D__3d  having a three-dimensional form or appearance: "aren't dreams always in 3-D?"
           subtype:  front.appearance  the outward appearance of a person; "he put up a bold front"
        subtype:  blur__fuzz  a hazy or indistinct representation; "it happened so fast it was just a blur"; "he tried to clear his head of the whisky fuzz"
        subtype:  abstractionism__unrealism  a representation having no reference to concrete objects or specific examples
        subtype:  concretism__concrete_representation  a representation of an abstract idea in concrete terms
           subtype:  shape.concretism__embodiment  a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept; "a circle was the embodiment of his concept of life"
     subtype:  belief  any cognitive content held as true
        subtype:  conviction__strong_belief__article_of_faith  an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence
           subtype:  amateurism  the conviction that people should participate in sports as a hobby (for the fun of it) rather than for money
           subtype:  nationalism  the conviction that the culture and interests of your nation are superior to those of any other nation
        subtype:  faith.belief  complete confidence in a person or plan etc; "he cherished the faith of a good woman"; "the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust"
        subtype:  doctrine__philosophy__school_of_thought__ism  a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school
           subtype:  abolitionism  the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery
           subtype:  absolutism  the doctrine of an absolute being
           subtype:  amoralism  the doctrine that moral distinctions are invalid
           subtype:  animalism  the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature
           subtype:  animism  the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls; "animism is common among primitive peoples"
           subtype:  creationism  the literal belief in the account of creation given in the Book of Genesis; "creationism denies the theory of evolution of species"
              subtype:  creation_science  an effort to give scientific support for the truth of the account of creation given in the Book of Genesis
           subtype:  creed__credo  any system of principles or beliefs
              subtype:  testament  a profession of belief; "he stated his political testament"
              subtype:  Athanasian_Creed  a Christian profession of faith
           subtype:  dogma  a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative; "he believed all the Marxist dogma"
           subtype:  dualism  the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil
           subtype:  epicureanism  a doctrine of hedonism that was defended by several ancient Greek philosophers
           subtype:  expansionism  the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country
           subtype:  formalism.doctrine  the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented
           subtype:  functionalism  any doctrine that stresses utility or purpose
           subtype:  gospel  a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance; "Newton's writings were gospel for those who followed"
           subtype:  gymnosophy  the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation
           subtype:  imitation.doctrine  the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations
              subtype:  mimesis  the imitative representation of nature and human behavior in art and literature
           subtype:  laissez_faire__laissezfaire__individualism  the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs
           subtype:  internationalism  the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences
           subtype:  unilateralism  the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations
           subtype:  irredentism__irridentism  the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related
           subtype:  literalism  the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature
           subtype:  majority_rule__democracy  the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group
           subtype:  monism  the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element
           subtype:  nihilism  a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake
           subtype:  passivism__pacifism  the doctrine that all violence in unjustifiable
           subtype:  pluralism  the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements
           subtype:  populism  the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite
           subtype:  freethinking__rationalism  the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct
           subtype:  humanism  the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason; rejects religion and the supernatural
           subtype:  humanitarianism__humanism  the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare
           subtype:  egalitarianism__equalitarianism  the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality
           subtype:  feminism  a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women
           subtype:  ecumenism__ecumenicism__ecumenicalism  the doctrine of the ecumenical movement promoting cooperation and better understanding among different religious denominations; aimed at universal Christian unity
           subtype:  secessionism  a doctrine that maintains the right of secession
           subtype:  secularism  a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations
           subtype:  phenomenology  a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account
           subtype:  philosophical_doctrine__philosophicaldoctrine__philosophical_theory__philosophicaltheory  a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy
              subtype:  aesthetic__esthetic  a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful; "he despised the esthetic of minimalism"
              subtype:  Aristotelianism  the philosophy of Aristotle that elaborates the fundamental principles of the syllogism
              subtype:  conceptualism  the doctrine that the application of a general term to various objects indicates the existence of a mental entity that mediates the application
              subtype:  Confucianism  the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China
              subtype:  deconstruction__deconstructionism  a philosophical theory of criticism (usually of literature or film) that seeks to expose deep-seated contradictions in a work by delving below its surface meaning
              subtype:  empiricism__empiricist_philosophy__sensationalism  the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
                 subtype:  experimentalism  an empirical doctrine that advocates experimental principles
                 subtype:  logical_positivism__logicalpositivism__positivism  the form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience (not on intuition or revelation)
                    subtype:  Comtism  Auguste Comte's positivistic philosophy that metaphysics and theology should be replaced by a hierarchy of sciences from mathematics at the base to sociology at the top
              subtype:  existentialism__existentialist_philosophy  a 20th-century philosophical movement; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they make of themselves
              subtype:  determinism  a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as denying the possibility of free will
                 subtype:  fatalism  a philosophical doctrine holding that all events are predetermined in advance for all time and human beings are powerless to change them
              subtype:  formalism.philosophical_doctrine  the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physical entities) exhibit a form that has useful applications
              subtype:  idealism.philosophical_doctrine  the doctrine that ideas are the only reality
              subtype:  intuitionism  the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition
              subtype:  logicism  the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic
              subtype:  physicalism__materialism  the doctrine that matter is the only reality
                 subtype:  dialectical_materialism__dialecticalmaterialism  the materialistic philosophy of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
              subtype:  mechanism.philosophical_doctrine  the doctrine that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes
              subtype:  mentalism  a doctrine that mind is the true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of the mind's awareness
              subtype:  nativism  the philosophical doctrine that some ideas are innate
              subtype:  naturalism  the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations
              subtype:  nominalism  the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name
              subtype:  operationalism  the doctrine that the meaning of a proposition consists of the operations involved in proving or applying it
              subtype:  Platonism__realism  the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names
              subtype:  pragmatism  the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value
              subtype:  probabilism  the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action
              subtype:  rationalism  the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
              subtype:  naive_realism__naiverealism__realism  the philosophical doctrine that physical object continue to exist when not perceived
              subtype:  relativism  the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
              subtype:  scholasticism  the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe; based on Aristotle and the Church Fathers
              subtype:  semiotics__semiotic  a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols
              subtype:  sensualism__sensationalism  the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good
              subtype:  solipsism  the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist
              subtype:  Stoicism  the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno
              subtype:  subjectivism  the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience
              subtype:  Daoism__Taoism  philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events
              subtype:  teleology  a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes
              subtype:  traditionalism.philosophical_doctrine  the doctrine that all knowledge was originally derived by divine revelation and that it is transmitted by traditions
              subtype:  vitalism  a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry
           subtype:  states'_rights.doctrine  a doctrine that federal powers should be curtailed and returned to the individual states
              subtype:  nullification.states'_rights  the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress
           subtype:  teaching__precept  a doctrine that is taught; "the teaching of religion"; "he believed all the Christian precepts"
              subtype:  Golden_Rule  a command based on Jesus' words in the Sermon on the Mount: "Whatsoever ye would that men do unto you, do you even so unto them" (Mathew 7:12)
           subtype:  theological_doctrine__theologicaldoctrine  the doctrine of a religious group
              subtype:  theanthropism  (theology) the doctrine that Jesus was a union of the human and the divine
              subtype:  predestination__foreordination__preordination__predetermination  (theology) the doctrine (usually associated with Calvin) that God has foreordained every event throughout eternity (including the final salvation of mankind)
              subtype:  spiritualism.theological_doctrine  any doctrine that asserts the separate existence of God
              subtype:  antinomianism  the theological doctrine that by faith and God's grace a Christian is freed from all laws (including the moral standards of the culture)
              subtype:  Thomism  the comprehensive theological doctrine created by Saint Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century and still taught by the Dominicans
              subtype:  Arianism  the theological doctrine taught by Arius that Christ the Son was not consubstantial with God the Father
              subtype:  Athanasianism  the theological doctrine taught by Athanasius that Christ the Son is of the same substance as God the Father
              subtype:  Boehmenism__Behmenism  the mystical theological doctrine of Jakob Boehme that influenced the Quakers
              subtype:  consubstantiation  the High-Church Anglican doctrine that after the consecration of the Eucharist the substance of the body and blood of Christ coexists with the substance of the consecrated bread and wine
              subtype:  Episcopalianism  the theological doctrine of Church government by bishops
              subtype:  Erastianism__Byzantinism__Caesaropapism  the doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters
              subtype:  Jansenism  the Roman Catholic doctrine of Cornelis Jansen and his disciples; salvation is limited to those who are subject to supernatural determinism and the rest are assigned to perdition
              subtype:  millenarianism  belief in the Christian doctrine of the millennium mentioned in the Book of Revelations
              subtype:  Quakerism  the theological doctrine of the Society of Friends characterized by opposition to war and rejection of ritual and a formal creed and an ordained ministry
              subtype:  rationalism.theological_doctrine  the theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth
                 subtype:  deism__free_thought  the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation
              subtype:  Rosicrucianism  the theological doctrine that venerates the rose and the Cross as symbols of Christ's Resurrection and Redemption; claims various occult powers
              subtype:  synergism  the theological doctrine that salvation results from the interaction of human will and divine grace
              subtype:  total_depravity  the Calvinist doctrine that everyone is born in a state of corruption as a result of original sin
              subtype:  transubstantiation  the Roman Catholic doctrine that the whole substance of the bread and the wine changes into the substance of the body and blood of Christ when consecrated in the Eucharist
              subtype:  universalism  the theological doctrine that all people will eventually be saved
              subtype:  Virgin_Birth__Nativity  the theological doctrine that Jesus Christ had no human father; Christians believe that Jesus's birth fulfilled Old Testament prophecies and was attended by miracles; the Nativity is celebrated at Christmas
           subtype:  utilitarianism  doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number
           subtype:  religious_doctrine__religiousdoctrine__church_doctrine__gospel__creed  the body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group
              subtype:  Nicene_Creed  a formal creed summarizing Christian beliefs; first adopted in 325 and later expanded
              subtype:  tenet__belief__dogma  a religious doctrine that is proclaimed as true without proof
                 subtype:  article_of_faith__credendum  (Christianity) any of the sections into which a creed or other statement of doctrine is divided
              subtype:  Immaculate_Conception  the Roman Catholic doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without any stain of original sin
              subtype:  Incarnation  the Christian doctrine of the union of God and man in the person of Jesus Christ
              subtype:  real_presence  the Christian doctrine that the body of Christ is actually present in the Eucharist
        subtype:  philosophy.belief  any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation; "self-indulgence was his only philosophy"; "my father's philosophy of child-rearing was to let mother do it"
        subtype:  outlook__expectation__prospect  belief about (or mental picture of) the future
           subtype:  promise.outlook__hope  grounds for feeling hopeful about the future; "there is little or no promise that he will recover"
              subtype:  rainbow.promise  an illusory hope; "chasing rainbows"
           subtype:  foretaste  an early limited awareness of something yet to occur
           subtype:  possibility  a future prospect or potential; "this room has great possibilities"
           subtype:  anticipation.outlook__expectancy  something expected (as on the basis of a norm); "each of them had their own anticipations"; "an indicator of expectancy in development"
              subtype:  life_expectancy  an expected time to live as calculated on the basis of statistical probabilities
           subtype:  misgiving__apprehension  painful expectation
        subtype:  fetichism__fetishism  a belief in the magical power of fetishes (or the worship of a fetish)
        subtype:  meliorism  the belief that the world can be made better by human effort
        subtype:  opinion.belief__sentiment__persuasion__view__thought  a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty; "my opinion differs from yours"; "what are your thoughts on Haiti?"
           subtype:  idea  a personal view; "he has an idea that we don't like him"
           subtype:  judgment.opinion__judgement__mind  an opinion formed by judging something; "he was reluctant to make his judgment known"; "she changed her mind"
              subtype:  decision.judgment__determination__conclusion  a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration: "a decision unfavorable to the opposition"; "his conclusion took the evidence into account"; "satisfied with the panel's determination"
           subtype:  eyes  opinion or judgment; "in the eyes of the law" or "I was wrong in her eyes"
           subtype:  preconception__prepossession__parti_pris__preconceived_opinion__preconceived_idea__preconceived_notion  an opinion formed beforehand without adequate evidence; "he did not even try to confirm his preconceptions"
           subtype:  pole.opinion  one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions; "they are at opposite poles" or "they are poles apart"
           subtype:  political_sympathies__politics  the opinion you hold with respect to political questions
        subtype:  autotelism  belief that a work of art is an end in itself or its own justification
        subtype:  originalism  the belief that the US Constitution should be interpreted in the way the authors originally intended it
        subtype:  pacifism  the belief that all international disputes can be settled by arbitration
        subtype:  religious_belief__religiousbelief__religion__faith  a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny; "he lost his faith but not his morality"
           subtype:  religious_cult__religiouscult__cult  a system of religious beliefs and rituals
              subtype:  macumba  a Brazilian religious cult of African origin; combines voodoo elements with singing a chanting and dancing
              subtype:  obeah__obi  a religious belief of African origin involving witchcraft and sorcery; practiced in parts of the West Indies and tropical Americas
              subtype:  Rastafarianism  belief in Ras Tafari (Haile Selassie of Ethiopia) as the Messiah and that Africa (especially Ethiopia) is the Promised Land
              subtype:  vodoun__voodoo__voodooism__hoodooism  a religious cult practiced chiefly in Caribbean countries (especially Haiti); involves witchcraft and animistic deities
           subtype:  ecclesiasticism.religious_belief  religion appropriate to a church and to ecclesiastical principles and practices
           subtype:  religious_mysticism__religiousmysticism__mysticism  a religion based on mystical communion with an ultimate reality
              subtype:  quietism  a form of religious mysticism requiring withdrawal from all human effort and passive contemplation of God
           subtype:  nature_worship  a system of religion that deifies and worships natural forces and phenomena
           subtype:  revealed_religion  a religion founded primarily on the revelations of God to humankind
           subtype:  theism  the doctrine or belief in the existence of a God or gods
              subtype:  monotheism  belief in a single God
                 subtype:  Judaism  the monotheistic religion of the Jews; based on the Old Testament and the Talmud
                    subtype:  Orthodox_Judaism  beliefs and practices of a Judaic sect that strictly observes Mosaic Law
                       subtype:  Hasidism__Hassidism  beliefs and practices of a sect of Orthodox Jews
                    subtype:  Conservative_Judaism  beliefs and practices of Conservative Jews
                    subtype:  Reform_Judaism  beliefs and practices of Reform Jews
                 subtype:  Muhammadanism__Islam__Islamism__Mohammedanism__Muslimism  the monotheistic religion of Muslims based on the Koran
              subtype:  polytheism__pantheism  belief in multiple Gods
           subtype:  paganism__pagan_religion__paganreligion__heathenism  any of various religions other than Christianity or Judaism or Islamism
           subtype:  Christianity__Christian_religion  the system of Christian beliefs and practices
              subtype:  Second_Adventism__Adventism  any Christian religion that believes the second coming of Christ is imminent
                 subtype:  Seventh-Day_Adventism  Adventism that is strongly Protestant and observes Saturday as the Sabbath
              subtype:  Catholicism__Catholicity  the beliefs and practices of a Catholic Church
                 subtype:  Romanism__Roman_Catholicism  the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church based in Rome
                 subtype:  Eastern_Catholicism  the beliefs and practices of any of the Eastern Catholic Churches based in Constantinople
              subtype:  Protestantism  the theological system of any of the churches of Western Christendom that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation
                 subtype:  Anglicanism  the faith and doctrine and practice of the Anglican Church
                    subtype:  Anglo-Catholicism__High_Anglicanism  a doctrine and practice within the Church of England emphasizing the Catholic tradition
                 subtype:  Arminianism  doctrines of Jacobus Arminius (1610) rejecting absolute predestination or strict Calvinism
                 subtype:  Calvinism  the theological system of John Calvin and his followers emphasizing omnipotence of God and salvation by grace alone
                 subtype:  Christian_Science  religious system based on teachings of Mary Baker Eddy emphasizing spiritual healing
                 subtype:  Lutheranism  teachings of Martin Luther emphasizing the cardinal doctrine of justification by faith alone
                 subtype:  Unitarianism  Christian doctrine that stresses individual freedom of belief and rejects the Trinity
                 subtype:  Trinitarianism  Christian doctrine stressing belief in the Trinity
                 subtype:  Congregationalism  system of beliefs and church government of a Protestant denomination in which each member church is self-governing
                 subtype:  Mennonitism  system of beliefs and practices including belief in Scriptural authority; plain dress; adult baptism; foot washing; restriction of marriage to members of the group
                 subtype:  evangelicalism  stresses the importance of personal conversion and faith as the means of salvation
                    subtype:  revivalism  an attempt to reawaken the evangelical faith
                 subtype:  fundamentalism  the interpretation of every word in the Bible as literal truth
                 subtype:  Methodism  the religious beliefs and practices of Methodists characterized by concern with social welfare and public morals
                 subtype:  Wesleyanism__Wesleyism  evangelical principles taught by John Wesley
                 subtype:  Anabaptism  belief in: the primacy of the Bible; baptism of believers not infants; complete separation of church and state
                 subtype:  Baptistic_doctrine  any of various doctrines closely related to Anabaptism
                 subtype:  Mormonism  the doctrines and practices of the Mormon Church based on the Book of Mormon
                 subtype:  pentecostalism  the principles and practices of Pentecostal religious groups; characterized by religious excitement and talking in tongues
                 subtype:  Presbyterianism  the doctrines and practices of the Presbyterian Church: based in Calvinism
                 subtype:  Puritanism.Protestantism__puritanism  the beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans (most of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects)
              subtype:  Tractarianism__Puseyism  principles of the founders of the Oxford movement; expounded in pamphlets called "Tracts for the Times"
           subtype:  Hinduism__Hindooism  a complex of beliefs and values and customs including worship of many gods especially the Trimurti composed of Brahma the Creator; Vishnu the preserver; and Shiva the destroyer
              subtype:  Krishnaism  worship of Krishna the 8th avatar of Vishnu
              subtype:  Shivaism__Sivaism  worship of Shiva one of the 3 chief gods of the Hindu pantheon
              subtype:  Shaktism__Saktism  worship of Shakti as the wife of Shiva
              subtype:  Vishnuism__Vaishnavism__Vaisnavism  worship of Vishnu one of the 3 chief gods of the Hindu pantheon
              subtype:  Yoga  a Hindu theistic philosophy; union of self and the Supreme Being is sought through a state of complete awareness and tranquillity attained by certain physical exercises
           subtype:  Brahmanism__Brahminism  the religious beliefs of ancient India as prescribed in the sacred Vedas and Brahmanas and Upanishads
           subtype:  Jainism  religion founded in the 6th century as a revolt against Hinduism; emphasizes asceticism and immortality and transmigration of the soul; denies existence of a perfect or supreme being
           subtype:  Sikhism  a radically monotheistic religion founded in Punjab in the 16th Century
           subtype:  Buddhism  the ethical philosophy of Buddha; emphasizes physical and spiritual discipline as a means of liberation from the physical world
              subtype:  Mahayana  one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing a common search for universal salvation especially through faith alone; chiefly in China; Tibet; Japan
              subtype:  Hinayana  one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing personal salvation through one's own efforts; chiefly in Sri Lanka (Ceylon); Myanmar (Burma); Thailand; Cambodia
              subtype:  Lamaism  Tibetan Buddhist doctrine including non-Buddhist Indian elements and elements of preexisting shamanism
              subtype:  Zen_Buddhism__Zen  doctrine that enlightenment can be attained through direct intuitive insight
              subtype:  Shingon  a Japanese Buddhism emphasizing mystical symbolism of mantras and mudras and the Buddha's ideal which is inexpressible
              subtype:  Tantra__Tantrism  doctrine of enlightenment as the realization of the oneness of one's self and the visible world; combines elements of Hinduism and paganism including magical and mystical elements like mantras and mudras and erotic rites; especially influential in Tibet
           subtype:  Hsuan_Chiao__Taoism  popular Chinese philosophical system based in teachings of Lao-tzu but characterized by a pantheism of many gods and the practices of alchemy and divination and magic
           subtype:  Shintoism__Shinto  the indigenous polytheistic religion of Japan lacking organized teachings; primarily nature and ancestor worship including a chief deity from whom the emperor is believed to be descended
           subtype:  Mithraism__Mithraicism  ancient Persian religion; popular among Romans during first three centuries a.d.
           subtype:  Zoroastrianism__Mazdaism  system founded in Persia in the 6th century b.c. by Zoroaster; set forth in the Zend-Avesta; based on concept of struggle between light (good) and dark (evil)
              subtype:  Parsiism__Parseeism  Zoroastrian sect in India
           subtype:  shamanism  an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans
           subtype:  shamanism.religious_belief  any animistic religion similar to Asian shamanism especially as practiced by certain Native American tribes
        subtype:  public_opinion__popular_opinion__popularopinion__opinion__vox_populi__voxpopuli  a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people; "he asked for a poll of public opinion"
        subtype:  sacerdotalism  a belief that priests can act as mediators between human beings and God
        subtype:  spiritualism  the belief that the spirits of dead people can communicate with people who are still alive (especially via a medium)
        subtype:  spiritual_world__unseen  a belief that there is a realm controlled by a divine spirit
        subtype:  supernaturalism  a belief in forces beyond ordinary human understanding
           subtype:  magic  any art that invokes supernatural powers
              subtype:  juju  the power associated with a juju
              subtype:  mojo  a magic power or magic spell
              subtype:  conjuring__conjury  invoking a spirit or devil
                 subtype:  summoning__evocation  calling up supposed supernatural forces by spells and incantations
              subtype:  sorcery__black_magic__blackmagic__black_art__blackart  the belief in magical spells that harness occult forces or evil spirits to produce unnatural effects in the world
                 subtype:  witchcraft__witchery  the art of sorcery
                 subtype:  bewitchment__enchantment  a magical spell
                 subtype:  diabolism__demonism__Satanism  the worship of devils (especially Satan)
                 subtype:  obiism  belief in a kind of sorcery that originated in Africa and is practiced in the West Indies
              subtype:  theurgy  magic performed with the help of beneficent spirits
           subtype:  exorcism__dispossession  freeing from evil spirits
        subtype:  superstition__superstitious_notion__superstitiousnotion  an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear
        subtype:  theory.belief  a belief that can guide behavior; "the architect has a theory that more is less"; "they killed him on the theory that dead men tell no tales"
           subtype:  hodgepodge__patchwork__jumble  a theory or argument made up of miscellaneous or incongruous ideas
        subtype:  theosophy  belief based on mystical insight into the nature of God and the soul
        subtype:  thought  the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual; "19th century thought" or "Darwinian thought"
           subtype:  mainstream  the prevailing current of thought; "his thinking was in the American mainstream"
        subtype:  totemism  belief in the kinship of a group of people with a common totem
        subtype:  tribalism  the beliefs of a tribal society
        subtype:  values  beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something); "he has very conservatives values"
        subtype:  individualism  a belief in the importance of the individual and the virtue of self-reliance and personal independence
           subtype:  rugged_individualism  individualism in social and economic affairs; belief not only in personal liberty and self-reliance but also in free competition
     subtype:  unbelief__disbelief  a rejection of belief
        subtype:  skepticism__agnosticism__scepticism  the disbelief in any claims of ultimate knowledge
        subtype:  atheism  a lack of belief in the existence of God or gods
        subtype:  heresy__unorthodoxy  a belief that rejects the orthodox tenets of a religion
     subtype:  goal.cognitive_content__end  the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it; "the ends justify the means"
        subtype:  objective__aim__object__target  the goal intended to be attained (and which is believed to be attainable); "the sole object of her trip was to see her children"
           subtype:  business.objective  an immediate objective; "gossip was the main business of the evening"
              subtype:  occasions__occasion  something you have to do; "he minded his own specialized occasions"
           subtype:  point.objective  the object of an activity; "what is the point of discussing it?"
           subtype:  thing.objective  a special objective: "the thing is to stay in bounds"
        subtype:  bourn__bourne  an archaic term for a goal or destination
        subtype:  end-all__endall  the ultimate goal; "human beings are not the end-all of evolution"
        subtype:  destination__terminus  the ultimate goal for which something is done
        subtype:  no-goal  a nonexistent goal; "he lived without a reason progressing toward no-goal"
        subtype:  purpose__intent__intention__aim__design  an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions; "his intent was to provide a new translation"; "good intentions are not enough"; "it was created with the conscious aim of answering immediate needs"; "he made no secret of his designs"
           subtype:  mind.purpose__idea  your intention; what you intend to do; "he had in mind to see his old teacher"; "the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces"
           subtype:  cross-purpose__crosspurpose  a contrary aim; "at cross-purposes"
           subtype:  sake  the purpose of achieving or obtaining; "for the sake of argument"
           subtype:  view.purpose  the phrase "with a view to" means "with the intention of"; "he took the computer with a view to pawning it"
           subtype:  will  a fixed and persistent intent or purpose; "where there's a will there's a way"
        subtype:  intention.goal  (usually plural) the goal with respect to a marriage proposal; "his intentions are entirely honorable"
     subtype:  education.cognitive_content  knowledge acquired by learning and instruction; "it was clear that he had a very broad education"
        subtype:  physical_education  training in the development of and care for the human body; stresses athletics; includes hygiene
        subtype:  experience  the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities; "a man of experience"; "experience is the best teacher"
           subtype:  familiarization  the experience of becoming familiar with something
           subtype:  woodcraft.experience  skill and experience in matters relating to the woods (as hunting or fishing or camping)
        subtype:  eruditeness__eruditenes__learnedness__learning__scholarship  profound knowledge
           subtype:  letters.eruditeness__letter  scholarly attainment; "he is a man of letters"
        subtype:  enlightenment  education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge
           subtype:  edification__sophistication  uplifting enlightenment
              subtype:  disenchantment__disillusion__disillusionment  freeing from false belief or illusions
           subtype:  satori  (Zen Buddhism) a state of sudden spiritual enlightenment
     subtype:  experience.cognitive_content  the content of direct observation or participation in an event; "he had a religious experience"; "he recalled the experience vividly"
        subtype:  world.experience__reality  all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you; "his world was shattered"; "we live in different worlds"; "for them demons were as much a part of reality as trees were"
           subtype:  real_world__real_life  the practical world as opposed to the academic world; "a good consultant must have a lot of experience in the real world"
        subtype:  life.experience__living  the experience of living; the course of human events and activities; "he could no longer cope with the complexities of life"
        subtype:  reliving__re-experiencing__reexperiencing  a recurrence of a prior experience; "the reliving of a strong emotion can be therapeutic"
        subtype:  reminder  an experience that causes you to remember something
           subtype:  deja_vu  the experience of thinking that a new situation had occurred before
           subtype:  memento  a reminder of past events
           subtype:  memento_mori__mementomori  a reminder (as a death's head) of your mortality
           subtype:  shades_of  something that reminds you of someone or something; "aren't there shades of 1948 here?"
     subtype:  acculturation.cognitive_content__culture  all the knowledge and values shared by a society
     subtype:  lore__traditional_knowledge__traditionalknowledge  knowledge gained through tradition or anecdote: "early peoples passed on plant and animal lore through legend"
        subtype:  old_wives'_tale  a bit of lore passed on by word of mouth
        subtype:  folklore  the unwritten literature (stories and proverbs and riddles and songs) of a culture
     subtype:  ignorance  the lack of knowledge or education
        subtype:  ignorantness__nescience__unknowing__unknowingness__unknowingnes  ignorance (especially of orthodox beliefs)
        subtype:  inexperience  lack of experience and the knowledge and understanding derived from experience
        subtype:  unenlightenment  a lack of understanding
           subtype:  dark.unenlightenment__darkness  an unenlightened state; "he was in the dark concerning their intentions"; "his lectures dispelled the darkness"
        subtype:  illiteracy.ignorance  ignorance resulting from not reading
     subtype:  knowledge_domain__knowledgedomain__knowledge_base__knowledgebase  the content of a particular domain or field of knowledge
        subtype:  domain.knowledge_domain__region__realm  a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about; "it was a limited domain of discourse"; "here we enter the region of opinion"; "the realm of the occult"
        subtype:  scientific_knowledge  knowledge accumulated by systematic study and organized by general principles; "mathematics is the basis for much scientific knowledge"
     subtype:  metaknowledge  knowledge about knowledge
  subtype:  history.cognition  all that is remembered of the past as preserved in writing; a body of knowledge: "the dawn of recorded history"; "from the beginning of history"
  subtype:  mental_attitude__attitude  a complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways; "he had the attitude that work was fun"
     subtype:  credence__acceptance  the mental attitude that something is believable and should be accepted as true; "he gave credence to the gossip"; "acceptance of Newtonian mechanics was unquestioned for 200 years"
     subtype:  defensive_attitude__defensiveattitude__defensive  an attitude of defense; especially in the phrase "on the defensive"
     subtype:  hardball.mental_attitude  a no-nonsense attitude in business or politics; "they play hardball in the Senate"
     subtype:  high_horse  an attitude of arrogant superiority; "get off your high horse and admit you are wrong"
     subtype:  southernism.mental_attitude  a attitude characteristic of Southerners (especially in the US)
     subtype:  mentality__outlook__mindset__mind-set  a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations
     subtype:  paternalism  the attitude (of a person or a government) that subordinates should be controlled in a fatherly way for their own good
     subtype:  position.mental_attitude__stance__posture  a rationalized mental attitude
        subtype:  hard_line  a firm and uncompromising stance or position; "the governor took a hard line on drugs"
     subtype:  inclination.mental_attitude__disposition__tendency  an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others; "he had an inclination to give up too easily"; "a tendency to be too strict"
        subtype:  direction.inclination  a general course along which something has a tendency to develop; "I couldn't follow the direction of his thoughts"; "his ideals determined the direction of his career"; "they proposed a new direction for the firm"
        subtype:  trend__drift  a general tendency as of opinion: "not openly liberal but that is the tendency of the book"
        subtype:  Call  a special disposition (as if from a divine source) to pursue a particular course; "he was disappointed that he had not heard the Call"
        subtype:  devices__device  an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase "left to your own devices"; "the children were left to their own devices"
        subtype:  sympathy.inclination__understanding  an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion; "his sympathies were always with the underdog"; "I knew I could count on his understanding"
        subtype:  favoritism__favouritism  an inclination to favor some person or group
        subtype:  proclivity__propensity__leaning  a natural inclination; "he has a proclivity for exaggeration"
        subtype:  bent__set  a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way; "the set of his mind was obvious"
        subtype:  literalism.inclination  a disposition to interpret statements in their literal sense
        subtype:  predisposition.inclination  an inclination beforehand to interpret statements in a particular way
           subtype:  predilection__preference__orientation  a predisposition in favor of something; "a predilection for expensive cars"; "his sexual preferences"; "showed a Marxist orientation"
        subtype:  favor.inclination__favour  an inclination to approve; "that style is in favor this season"
        subtype:  disfavour__disfavor__dislike__disapproval  an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group
           subtype:  doghouse  an idiomatic term for being in disfavor; "in the doghouse"
           subtype:  reprobation  severe disapproval
        subtype:  partiality__partisanship  an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternatives
           subtype:  anthropocentrism__anthropocentricity  an inclination to evaluate reality exclusively in terms of human values
           subtype:  ethnocentrism  belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
           subtype:  Eurocentrism  belief in the preeminence of Europe and the Europeans
           subtype:  prejudice__bias__preconception  a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation
              subtype:  tabu__taboo  a prejudice (especially in Polynesia and other South Pacific islands) that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred nature
              subtype:  irrational_hostility  extreme prejudice
              subtype:  experimenter_bias  (psychology) bias introduced by an experimenter whose expectations about the outcome of the experiment can be subtly communicated to the participants in the experiment
              subtype:  homophobia  prejudice against (fear or dislike of) homosexual people and homosexuality
              subtype:  racism  the prejudice that members of one race are intrinsically superior to members of other races
                 subtype:  anti-Semitism  the intense dislike for and prejudice against Jewish people
                 subtype:  white_supremacy__whitesupremacy  the prejudice that members of the white race are superior to members of other races
              subtype:  tendentiousness__tendentiousnes  an intentional and controversial bias
           subtype:  tilt  a slight but noticeable partiality; "the court's tilt toward conservative rulings"
           subtype:  sectionalism__provincialism__localism  a partiality for some particular place
           subtype:  inequity__unfairness  partiality that is not fair or equitable
        subtype:  impartiality__nonpartisanship  an inclination to weigh both views or opinions equally
           subtype:  disinterestedness__disinterestednes  freedom from bias or selfish motives
           subtype:  fair-mindedness__fairness__candor__candour  ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonesty
     subtype:  tolerance.mental_attitude  willingness to recognize and respect the beliefs or practices of others
        subtype:  broad-mindedness  an inclination to tolerate or overlook opposing or shocking opinions or behavior
        subtype:  liberalness__liberalnes  an inclination to favor progress and individual freedom
        subtype:  disinterest__neutrality  tolerance attributable to a lack of involvement
     subtype:  intolerance.mental_attitude  unwillingness to recognize and respect differences in opinions or beliefs
        subtype:  narrow-mindedness  an inclination to criticize opposing opinions or chocking behavior
           subtype:  parochialism  a limitation of views or interests like that defined by a local parish
           subtype:  pettiness.narrow-mindedness__pettines  narrowness of mind or ideas or views
           subtype:  provincialism  a lack of sophistication
           subtype:  sectarianism__denominationalism  a narrow-minded adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination; "he condemned religious sectarianism"
        subtype:  bigotry  the intolerance and prejudice of a bigot
        subtype:  fanaticism__zealotry  excessive intolerance of opposing views
     subtype:  respect.mental_attitude__esteem__regard  an attitude of admiration or esteem; "she lost all respect for him"
        subtype:  estimate.respect__estimation  the respect with which a person is held; "they had a high estimation of his ability"
           subtype:  reputation.estimate__report  the general estimation that the public has for a person; "he acquired a reputation as an actor before he started writing"; "he was a person of bad report"
     subtype:  disrespect  a disrespectful mental attitude
     subtype:  reverence  a reverent mental attitude
     subtype:  irreverence  an irreverent mental attitude
        subtype:  profaneness__profanenes  an attitude of irreverence or contempt for a divinity
     subtype:  orientation.mental_attitude  an integrated set of attitudes and beliefs
        subtype:  wavelength.orientation  a shared orientation leading to mutual understanding; "they are on the same wavelength"
        subtype:  experimentalism.orientation  an orientation that favors experimentation and innovation; "the children of psycholoigsts are often raised in an atmosphere of experimentalism"
        subtype:  reorientation  a new orientation; a changed set of attitudes and beliefs
        subtype:  perspective__position__view  a way of regarding situations or topics etc.; "consider what follows from the positivist view"
           subtype:  cutting_edge__cuttingedge__vanguard__forefront  the position of greatest advancement; the leading position in any movement or field
           subtype:  paradigm.perspective  the generally accepted perspective of a particular discipline at a given time; "he framed the problem within the psychoanalytic paradigm"
           subtype:  viewpoint__point_of_view__stand__standpoint  a mental position from which things are viewed; "we should consider this problem from the viewpoint of the Russians"; "teaching history gave him a special point of view toward current events"
              subtype:  slant__angle  a biased way of looking at or presenting something
           subtype:  light  a particular perspective or aspect of a situation; "although he saw it in a different light, he still did not understand"
           subtype:  sight.perspective  a range of mental vision; "in his sight she could do no wrong"
           subtype:  Weltanschauung__world_view__worldview  a comprehensive view of the world and human life
              subtype:  clockwork_universe__clockworkuniverse  the view that the universe resembles a clock built by God and ticking along according to Newtonian mechanics
        subtype:  orthodoxy.orientation  a belief or orientation agreeing with conventional standards
           subtype:  conformism__conformity  orthodoxy in thoughts and belief
              subtype:  conventionality.conformism  conformity with conventional thought and behavior
              subtype:  legalism  strict conformity to the letter of the law rather than its spirit
        subtype:  heterodoxy__unorthodoxy__heresy  any opinions or doctrines at variance with the official or orthodox position
           subtype:  iconoclasm  the orientation of an iconoclast
           subtype:  nonconformance__nonconformity  a lack of conformity
        subtype:  political_orientation__politicalorientation__ideology__political_theory__politicaltheory  an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group or nation
           subtype:  totalitarianism__absolutism__totalism  the principle of complete and unrestricted power in government
           subtype:  anarchism  a political theory favoring the abolition of governments
           subtype:  autocracy  a political theory favoring unlimited authority by a single individual
              subtype:  Machiavellianism  the political doctrine of Machiavelli: any means (however unscrupulous) can be used by a ruler in order to create and maintain his autocratic government
           subtype:  theocracy  the belief in government by divine guidance
           subtype:  collectivism  a political theory that the people should own the means of production
           subtype:  communism.political_orientation  a political theory favoring collectivism in a classless society
           subtype:  conservatism__conservativism  a political orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes
              subtype:  reaction.conservatism  extreme conservatism in political or social matters; "the forces of reaction carried the election"
           subtype:  constitutionalism  advocacy of a system of government according to constitutional principles
           subtype:  democracy  the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives
           subtype:  social_democracy  the belief in a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism by democratic means
           subtype:  elitism  the attitude that society should be governed by an elite group of individuals
           subtype:  extremism  any political theory favoring immoderate uncompromising policies
           subtype:  fascism  a political theory advocating an authoritarian hierarchical government (as opposed to democracy or liberalism)
           subtype:  federalism  the idea of a federal organization of more or less self-governing units
           subtype:  imperialism.political_orientation  a political orientation that advocates imperial interests
           subtype:  liberalism  a political orientation that favors progress and reform
              subtype:  neoliberalism  a political orientation originating in the 1960s; blends liberal political views with an emphasis on economic growth
           subtype:  meritocracy  the belief that rulers should be chosen for their superior abilities and not because of their wealth or birth
           subtype:  libertarianism  an ideological belief in freedom of thought and speech
           subtype:  moderatism  a moderate political orientation; an avoidance of extremes
           subtype:  monarchism  a belief in and advocacy of monarchy as a political system
           subtype:  negritude  an ideological position that holds Black culture to be independent and valid on its own terms
           subtype:  progressivism  the political orientation of those who favor progress toward better conditions in government and society
           subtype:  radicalism  the political orientation of those who favor revolutionary change in government and society
              subtype:  Jacobinism  the ideology of the most radical element of the French Revolution that instituted the Reign of Terror
           subtype:  reactionism  the political orientation of reactionaries
           subtype:  republicanism  the political orientation of those who hold that a republic is the best form of government
           subtype:  socialism  a political theory advocating state ownership of industry
              subtype:  Fabianism  (British) socialism to be established by gradual reforms within the law
              subtype:  guild_socialism  a form of socialist theory advocating state ownership of industry but managements by guilds of workers
              subtype:  utopian_socialism__utopiansocialism  socialism achieved by voluntary sacrifice
           subtype:  Utopianism  the political orientation of a utopian who believes in impossibly idealistic schemes social perfection
           subtype:  dovishness  any political orientation favoring compromise to avoid conflict
              subtype:  peace_advocacy__peaceadvocacy  any policy that advocates maintaining peaceful international relations
           subtype:  hawkishness__hawkishnes  any political orientation favoring aggressive policies
              subtype:  militarism  aggressiveness that involves the threat of using military force
              subtype:  warmongering__war_advocacy__waradvocacy  a policy of advocating war
        subtype:  religious_orientation__religiousorientation  an attitude toward religion or religious practices
           subtype:  agnosticism  a religious orientation of doubt; a denial of ultimate knowledge of the existence of God; "agnosticism holds that you can neither prove nor disprove God's existence"
           subtype:  Gnosticism  a religious orientation advocating gnosis as the way to release a person's spiritual element; considered heresy by Christian churches
           subtype:  godlessness__godlessnes  the doctrine or belief that there is no God
           subtype:  anti-Catholicism  a religious orientation opposed to Catholicism

6 statements are about indirect instances of cognition: graph1_on_WebKB-2, graph6_on_article, graph10_on_article, graph1_on_research_staff, graph7_on_spamOnly@phmartin.info, graph1_on_f.modave@gu.edu.au click here to display them or click here for a search form or here to add a statement

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