#blood_dyscrasia any abnormal condition of the blood
supertype: #dyscrasia an abnormal or physiologically unbalanced state of the body
subtype: #blood_disease__blooddisease__blood_disorder__blooddisorder a disease or disorder of the blood
subtype: #cytopenia a deficiency of some cellular element of the blood
subtype: #hematocytopenia an abnormally low number of red blood cells in the blood
subtype: #pancytopenia an abnormal deficiency in all blood cells (red blood cells and white blood cells and platelets); usually associated with bone marrow tumor or with aplastic anemia
subtype: #acidemia a blood disorder characterized by an increased concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which falls below 7 on the pH scale)
subtype: #alkalemia a blood disorder characterized by a lower concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood (which rises above 7.45 on the pH scale)
subtype: #acanthocytosis the presence of acanthocytes in the blood stream (as in abetalipoproteinemia)
subtype: #agranulocytosis__agranulocytosi__agranulosis__agranulosi__granulocytopenia an acute blood disorder (often caused by radiation or drug therapy) characterized by severe reduction in granulocytes
subtype: #analbuminemia an abnormally low level of albumin in the blood serum
subtype: #Banti's_disease__Banti's_syndrome a disease characterized by congestion and enlargement of the spleen; accompanied by anemia or cirrhosis
subtype: #parasitemia__parasitaemia a condition in which parasites are present in the blood
subtype: #hemophilia__haemophilia__bleeder's_disease__bleeder'sdisease congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding; usually affects males and is transmitted from mother to son
subtype: #hemophilia_A__haemophilia_A__classical_hemophilia__classicalhemophilia__classical_haemophilia__classicalhaemophilia hemophilia caused by a congenital deficiency of factor VIII; occurs almost exclusively in men
subtype: #hemophilia_B__haemophilia_B__Christmas_disease a clotting disorder similar to hemophilia A but caused by a congenital deficiency of factor IX
subtype: #von_Willebrand's_disease__angiohemophilia__vascularhemophilia a form of hemophilia discovered by Erik von Willebrand; a genetic disorder that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; characterized by a deficiency of the coagulation factor and by mucosal bleeding
subtype: #afibrinogenemia the absence of fibrinogen in the plasma leading to prolonged bleeding
subtype: #congenital_afibrinogenemia a rare congenital disorder of blood coagulation in which no fibrinogen is found in the blood plasma
subtype: #blood_poisoning__bloodpoisoning__septicemia__septicaemia invasion of the bloodstream by virulent microorganisms from a focus of infection
subtype: #puerperal_fever__puerperalfever__childbed_fever serious form of septicemia contracted by a woman during childbirth or abortion (usually attributable to unsanitary conditions); formerly widespread but now uncommon
subtype: #pyemia__pyaemia septicemia caused by pus-forming bacteria released from an abscess
subtype: #toxemia__toxaemia blood poisoning caused by bacterial toxic substances in the blood
subtype: #fowl_cholera an acute diarrheal disease (especially of chickens) caused by the microorganism that causes hemorrhagic septicemia
subtype: #shipping_fever__shipping_pneumonia a deadly form of septicemia in cattle and sheep; involves high fever and pneumonia; contracted under conditions of exposure or exhaustion (as often happens when the animals are shipped to market)
subtype: #hemoglobinopathy__haemoglobinopathy a blood disease characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobins in the blood
subtype: #histiocytosis a blood disease characterized by an abnormal multiplication of macrophages
subtype: #Hand-Schuller-Christian_disease__Schuller-Christian_disease inflammatory histiocytosis associated with disturbance of cholesterol metabolism; occurs chiefly in young children and is characterized by cystic defects of the skull and diabetes insipidus
subtype: #hydremia blood disorder in which there is excess fluid volume compared with the cell volume of the blood
subtype: #hypothrombinemia a low level of prothrombin (factor II) in the circulating blood; results in long clotting time and poor clot formation and sometimes excessive bleeding; can result from vitamin K deficiency
subtype: #hypervolemia__hypervolaemia a blood disorder consisting of an increase in the volume of circulating blood
subtype: #hypovolemia a blood disorder consisting of a decrease in the volume of circulating blood
subtype: #anemia__anaemia a deficiency of red blood cells
subtype: #aplastic_anemia__aplastic_anaemia anemia characterized by pancytopenia resulting from failure of the bone marrow; can be caused by neoplasm or by toxic exposure
subtype: #erythroblastosis_fetalis severe anemia in newborn babies; the result of Rh incompatibility between maternal and fetal blood; typically occurs when the child of an Rh-negative mother inherits Rh-positive blood from the father; can be diagnosed before birth by amniocentesis
subtype: #Fanconi's_anemia__Fanconi's_anaemia__congenital_pancytopenia a rare congenital anemia characterized by pancytopenia and hypoplasia of the bone marrow
subtype: #favism anemia resulting from eating fava beans; victims have an inherited blood abnormality and enzyme deficiency
subtype: #hemolytic_anemia__hemolyticanemia__haemolytic_anaemia anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes
subtype: #hyperchromic_anemia__hyperchromic_anaemia anemia characterized by an increase in the concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin
subtype: #hypochromic_anemia__hypochromicanemia__hypochromic_anaemia__hypochromicanaemia anemia characterized by a decrease in the concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin
subtype: #thalassemia__thalassaemia__Mediterranean_anemia__Mediterranean_anaemia an inherited form of anemia caused by faulty synthesis of hemoglobin
subtype: #Cooley's_anemia__Cooley's_anaemia__thalassemia_major__thalassemiamajor__thalassaemia_major a fatal form of homozygous thalassemia (inherited from both parents) in which there is no hemoglobin; skeletal deformations; heart and spleen and liver enlarged
subtype: #hypoplastic_anemia__hypoplasticanemia__hypoplastic_anaemia__hypoplasticanaemia anemia resulting from inadequately functioning bone marrow; can develop into aplastic anemia
subtype: #iron_deficiency_anemia__iron_deficiency_anaemia a form of anemia due to lack of iron in the diet or to iron loss as a result of chronic bleeding
subtype: #chlorosis__chlorosi__greensickness__greensicknes iron deficiency anemia in young women; characterized by weakness and menstrual disturbances and a green color to the skin
subtype: #ischemia__ischaemia local anemia in a given body part sometimes resulting from vasoconstriction or thrombosis or embolism
subtype: #ischemic_stroke__ischaemic_stroke__ischaemicstroke the most common kind of stroke; caused by an interruption in the flow of blood to the brain (as from a clot blocking a blood vessel)
subtype: #transient_ischemic_attack__TIA brief episode in which the brain gets insufficient blood supply; symptoms depend on the site of the blockage
subtype: #macrocytic_anemia__macrocytic_anaemia anemia in which the average size of erythrocytes is larger than normal
subtype: #microcytic_anemia__microcytic_anaemia anemia in which the average size of erythrocytes is smaller than normal
subtype: #pernicious_anemia__pernicious_anaemia__malignant_anemia__malignantanemia__malignantanaemia a chronic progressive anemia of older adults; thought to result from a lack of intrinsic factor (a substance secreted by the stomach that is responsible for the absorption of vitamin B12)
subtype: #megaloblastic_anemia__megaloblasticanemia__megaloblasticanaemia anemia characterized by many large immature and dysfunctional red blood cells (megaloblasts) in the bone marrow; associated with pernicious anemia
subtype: #metaplastic_anemia__metaplasticanemia__metaplastic_anaemia__metaplasticanaemia pernicious anemia in which the various formed elements in the blood are changed
subtype: #refractory_anemia__refractory_anaemia any of various anemic conditions that are not successfully treated by any means other than blood transfusions (and that are not associated with another primary disease)
subtype: #sideroblastic_anemia__sideroblasticanemia__sideroblastic_anaemia__sideroblasticanaemia__siderochrestic_anemia__siderochrestic_anaemia refractory anemia characterized by sideroblasts in the bone marrow
subtype: #sickle-cell_anemia__sickle-cell_anaemia__sickle-cell_disease__crescent-cell_anemia__crescent-cell_anaemia__drepanocytic_anemia__drepanocytic_anaemia a congenital form of anemia occurring mostly in blacks; characterized by abnormal blood cells having a crescent shape
subtype: #leukocytosis__leucocytosis an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood as a result of infection (as in leukemia)
subtype: #leukopenia__leucopenia an abnormal lowering of the white blood cell count
subtype: #neutropenia leukopenia in which the decrease is primarily in number of neutrophils (the chief phagocytic leukocyte)
subtype: #cyclic_neutropenia neutropenia that occurs periodically
subtype: #lymphocytopenia__lymphopenia an abnormally small number of lymphocytes in the circulating blood
subtype: #lymphocytosis__lymphocytosi an abnormal increase in the number of lymphocytes in the circulating blood
subtype: #microcytosis a blood disorder characterized by the presence of microcytes (abnormally small red blood cells) in the blood; often associated with anemia
subtype: #polycythemia a disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood
subtype: #purpura__peliosis any of several blood diseases causing subcutaneous bleeding
subtype: #nonthrombocytopenic_purpura__nonthrombocytopenicpurpura purpura resulting from a defect in the capillaries caused by bacteria or drugs
subtype: #idiopathic_thrombocytopenic_purpura__thrombocytopenic_purpura__purpura_hemorrhagica__purpurahemorrhagica__Werlhof's_disease purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of factors
subtype: #thrombocytopenia__thrombopenia a blood disease characterized by an abnormally small number of platelets in the blood
subtype: #essential_thrombocytopenia__essentialthrombocytopenia the primary form of thrombocytopenia (rather than a shortage of platelets caused by with other conditions such as tuberculosis or chemical suppression of bone marrow etc.)
subtype: #uratemia presence of abnormal amounts of uric acid salts in the blood; symptom of gout
subtype: #uricaciduria presence of abnormal amounts of uric acid in the urine; symptom of gout
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