#anatomical_structure__structure__complex_body_part__bodily_structure__body_structure  a particular complex anatomical structure; "he has good bone structure"
  supertype:  body_part  any part of an organism such as an organ or extremity
  subtype:  layer.anatomical_structure  thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells
     subtype:  blastoderm__germinal_disc__blastodisc__germinal_area  a layer of cells on the inside of the blastula
     subtype:  hypodermis  layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle in e.g. arthropods
  subtype:  apodeme  ridge-like ingrowth of the exoskeleton of an arthropod that supports internal organs and provides attachment points for muscles
  subtype:  calyculus__calyculu__caliculus__caliculu__calycle  a small cup-shaped structure (as a taste bud or optic cup or cavity of a coral containing a polyp)
     subtype:  optic_cup__opticcup__eyecup  (embryology) a two-walled cuplike depression that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina
  subtype:  tooth.anatomical_structure  toothlike structure in invertebrates found in the mouth or alimentary canal or on a shell
     subtype:  denticle  small pointed ridge on the exoskeleton of an arthropod
  subtype:  pad.anatomical_structure  the foot or fleshy cushion-like underside of the toes of an animal
  subtype:  gill_slit__branchial_cleft__branchialcleft__gill_cleft  one of a series of slit openings in the pharynxes of fishes and aquatic amphibians through which water passes
  subtype:  gill_arch__branchial_arch__branchialarch__gill_bar  one of the bony or cartilaginous arches on each side of the pharynx that support the gills of fishes and aquatic amphibians
  subtype:  peristome  region around the mouth in various invertebrates
  subtype:  syrinx  the vocal organ of a bird
  subtype:  bulb.anatomical_structure  a rounded dilation or expansion in a canal or vessel or organ
  subtype:  carina  any of various keel-shaped structures or ridges such as that on the breastbone of a bird or that formed by the fused petals of a pea blossom
     subtype:  carina_fornicis  ridge on the lower surface of the fornix of the brain
     subtype:  keel.carina  the median ridge on the breastbone of birds that fly
  subtype:  cauda  any taillike structure
  subtype:  chiasma__decussation  an intersection or crossing of two tracts in the form of the letter X
     subtype:  optic_chiasma__opticchiasma__optic_chiasm__opticchiasm__chiasmaopticum  the crossing of the optic nerves from the two eyes at the base of the brain
  subtype:  cingulum  (anatomy) an encircling girdle-like structure (as the ridge around the base of a tooth)
  subtype:  concha  (anatomy) a structure that resembles a shell in shape
     subtype:  nasal_concha__nasalconcha  one of several turbinate bones in the nasal cavity
  subtype:  filum__filament  a threadlike anatomical structure or chainlike series of cells
     subtype:  hair.filum__pilus__pilu  any of the cylindrical filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal; "there is a hair in my soup"
        subtype:  ingrown_hair__ingrownhair  a hair that does not emerge from the follicle but remains embedded in the skin (usually causing inflammation)
  subtype:  germ  a small simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism
  subtype:  infundibulum  any of various funnel-shaped parts of the body (but especially the hypophyseal stalk)
     subtype:  hypophyseal_stalk__hypophysealstalk  the funnel-shaped stalk connecting the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
  subtype:  interstice.anatomical_structure  a small structural space between tissues or parts of an organ: "the interstices of a network"
     subtype:  areola  small space in a tissue or part such as the area between veins on a leaf or an insect's wing
  subtype:  landmark.anatomical_structure  an anatomical structure used as a point of origin in locating other anatomical structures (as in surgery) or as point from which measurements can be taken
     subtype:  craniometric_point  a landmark on the skull from which craniometric measurements can be taken
        subtype:  acanthion  the craniometric point at the anterior extremity of the intermaxillary suture
        subtype:  asterion  the craniometric point at the junction of the lamboid suture and the occipitomastoid suture and the parietomastoid suture
        subtype:  auriculare__auricular_point__auricularpoint  the craniometric point at the center of the opening of the external acoustic meatus
        subtype:  bregma  the craniometric point at the junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures at the top of the cranium
        subtype:  condylion  the craniometric point at the tip of the mandibular condyle
        subtype:  coronion  the craniometric point at the tip of the coronoid process of the mandible
        subtype:  crotaphion  the tip of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone
        subtype:  dacryon  the craniometric point at the junction of the anterior border of the lacrimal bone with the frontal bone
        subtype:  entomion  the craniometric point at the tip of the mastoid angle of the parietal bone
        subtype:  glabella__mesophyron  a smooth prominence of the frontal bone between and above the eyebrows; the most forward projecting point of the forehead in the midline at the level of the supraorbital ridges
        subtype:  gnathion  the most inferior point of the mandible in the midline
        subtype:  gonion  the craniometric point on either side at the apex of the lower jaw
        subtype:  inion  the craniometric point that is the most prominent point at the back of the head (at the occipital protuberance)
        subtype:  jugale__jugal_point__jugalpoint  the craniometric point at the union of the frontal and temporal processes of the zygomatic bone
        subtype:  lambda  the craniometric point at the junction of the sagittal and lamboid sutures of the skull
        subtype:  mastoidale  the craniometric point at the lowest point of the mastoid process
        subtype:  metopion  the craniometric point midway between the frontal eminences of the skull
        subtype:  nasion  the craniometric point at the bridge of the nose where the frontal and nasal bones of the skull meet
        subtype:  obelion  the craniometric point on the sagittal suture near the lamboid suture
        subtype:  ophryon  the craniometric point in the midline of the forehead immediately above the orbits
        subtype:  orbitale__orbital_point__orbitalpoint  the craniometric point at the lowest point on the lower edge of the orbit
        subtype:  pogonion  the craniometric point that is the most forward-projecting point on the anterior surface of the chin
        subtype:  prosthion__prostheon__alveolar_point  craniometric point that is the most anterior point in the midline on the alveolar process of the maxilla
        subtype:  pterion  the craniometric point in the region of the sphenoid fontanelle
        subtype:  rhinion  the anterior tip at the end of the suture of the nasal bones
        subtype:  sphenion  the anterior tip of the parietal bone
        subtype:  stephanion  the craniometric point on the coronal suture above the acoustic meatus
        subtype:  symphysion  the most forward point of the alveolar process of the mandible
  subtype:  limbus  a border or edge of any of various body parts distinguished by color or structure
  subtype:  rib.anatomical_structure  a riblike supporting or strengthening part of an animal or plant
     subtype:  quill.rib__calamus__shaft  the hollow shaft of a feather
     subtype:  vein.rib__nervure  one of the horny ribs that stiffen and support the wing of an insect
     subtype:  nervure__vein  one of the vascular bundles or ribs that form the branching framework of conducting and supporting tissues in a leaf or other plant organ
        subtype:  midrib  the vein in the center of a leaf
  subtype:  blade.anatomical_structure  a broad flat body part (as of the shoulder or tongue)
     subtype:  vane__web  the flattened weblike part of a feather consisting of a series of barbs on either side of the shaft
  subtype:  radicle  (anatomy) a small structure resembling a rootlet (such as a fibril of a nerve)
  subtype:  plexus__rete  a network of intersecting blood vessels or intersecting nerves or intersecting lymph vessels
     subtype:  aortic_plexus  a plexus of lymph nodes in the lower portion of the abdominal aorta
     subtype:  nerve_plexus  a network of intersecting nerves
        subtype:  autonomic_plexus__plexus_autonomici  a plexus of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers
        subtype:  brachial_plexus__plexus_brachialis  a network of nerves formed by cervical and thoracic spinal nerves and supplying the arm and parts of the shoulder
        subtype:  cardiac_plexus__plexus_cardiacus  a plexus of nerves supplying the heart and nearby structures
        subtype:  carotid_plexus__plexus_caroticus  a plexus of nerves surrounding the internal carotid artery
        subtype:  cervical_plexus__plexus_cervicalis  a nerve plexus lying beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle
        subtype:  coccygeal_plexus__plexus_coccygeus  a small plexus formed by the fifth sacral and coccygeal nerves
        subtype:  hypogastric_plexus__plexus_hypogastricus  a plexus of nerves serving the pelvic viscera
        subtype:  lumbar_plexus__plexus_lumbalis  a plexus of nerves formed by the ventral branches of the first four lumbar nerves
        subtype:  lumbosacral_plexus  a nerve plexus formed by the ventral divisions of the coccygeal and sacral and lumbar nerves; supplies the lower limbs and perineum and coccygeal area
        subtype:  mesenteric_plexus__plexus_mesentericus  a plexus of autonomic nerves
        subtype:  myenteric_plexus__plexus_myentericus  a plexus of unmyelinated fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies in the muscular coat of the esophagus and stomach and intestines
        subtype:  periarterial_plexus__plexus_periarterialis  an autonomic plexus that accompanies an artery
        subtype:  plexus_dentalis  a plexus of nerves serving the teeth
        subtype:  pulmonary_plexis__plexus_pulmonalis  one of two autonomic nerve plexuses in each lung
        subtype:  sacral_plexus__plexus_sacralis  a nerve plexus formed by the 4th and 5th lumbar and 1st, 2nd, 3rd sacral nerves; supplies the pelvic region and lower limbs
        subtype:  solar_plexus__coeliac_plexus__plexus_celiacus__abdominal_nerve_plexus  a large plexus of sympathetic nerves in the abdomen behind the stomach
     subtype:  choroid_plexus__plexus_choroideus  a vascular plexus of the cerebral ventricles that regulate intraventricular pressure
     subtype:  plexus_lumbalis__lumbar_plexus  a lymphatic plexus located along the lower portion of the aorta and iliac vessels
     subtype:  pterygoid_plexus  a plexus of veins draining the region of the pterygoid muscles and draining into the internal maxillary and anterior facial veins
     subtype:  rete_testis  network of tubules carrying sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia
  subtype:  tube-shaped_structure__tube  (anatomy) any hollow cylindrical body structure
     subtype:  tubule  a small tube
        subtype:  microtubule  a microscopically small tubule
        subtype:  nephron__uriniferous_tubule__uriniferoustubule  any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney
        subtype:  seminiferous_tubule  any of the numerous long convoluted tubules in the testis which are the sites where spermatozoa mature
        subtype:  vasa_efferentia  the several highly convoluted tubules that lead from the rete testis to the vas deferens and form the head of the epididymis
        subtype:  trachea  one of the tubules forming the respiratory system of most insects and many arachnids
     subtype:  salpinx  a tube in the uterus or the ear
        subtype:  Eustachian_tube__auditory_tube  either of the paired tubes connecting the middle ears to the nasopharynx; equalizes air pressure on the two sides of the eardrum
        subtype:  Fallopian_tube__uterine_tube__uterinetube  either of a pair of tubes conducting the egg from the ovary to the uterus
     subtype:  cochlea  the snail-shaped tube (in the inner ear coiled around the modiolus) where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses by the Organ of Corti
     subtype:  vas__vessel  a tube in which a body fluid circulates
        subtype:  blood_vessel__bloodvessel  a vessel in which blood circulates
           subtype:  arteria__artery  a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body
              subtype:  alveolar_artery__arteria_alveolaris  a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies the alveolar process
                 subtype:  inferior_alveolar_artery__arteria_alveolaris_inferior  the alveolar artery that goes through the mandibular canal to supply the lower teeth
                 subtype:  superior_alveolar_artery__arteria_alveolaris_superior  the alveolar artery that supplies the upper teeth
              subtype:  angular_artery__angularartery__arteria_angularis__arteriaangulari  the terminal branch of the facial artery
              subtype:  aorta  the large trunk artery that carries blood from the left ventricle of the heart to branch arteries
                 subtype:  ascending_aorta  the ascending part of the aorta as it emerges from the left ventricle
                 subtype:  aortic_arch  the part of the aorta that arches and turns downward
                 subtype:  descending_aorta  the descending part of the aorta that branches into the thoracic and abdominal aortae
                 subtype:  abdominal_aorta  a branch of the descending aorta
                 subtype:  thoracic_aorta  a branch of the descending aorta; divides into the iliac arteries
              subtype:  appendicular_artery__arteria_appendicularis  the branch of the ileocolic artery that supplies the vermiform appendix
              subtype:  arcuate_artery__arcuateartery__arteria_arcuata__arteriaarcuata  curved artery in the foot
              subtype:  arcuate_artery_of_the_kidney  curved arteries of the kidney
              subtype:  arteriole__arteriola__capillary_artery__capillaryartery  one of the small thin-walled arteries that end in capillaries
              subtype:  artery_of_the_penis_bulb__arteria_bulbi_penis__arteriabulbipeni  a branch of the internal pudendal artery of males that supplies the bulb of the penis
              subtype:  artery_of_the_vestibule_bulb__arteria_bulbi_vestibuli__arteriabulbivestibuli  a branch of the internal pudendal artery in females that supplies the bulb of the vestibule
              subtype:  ascending_artery__ascendingartery__arteria_ascendens__arteriaascenden  the branch of the ileocolic artery that supplies the ascending colon
              subtype:  auricular_artery__auricularartery__arteria_auricularis__arteriaauriculari  artery that supplies blood to the ear
              subtype:  axillary_artery__arteria_axillaris__arteriaaxillari  the part of the main artery of the arm that lies in the armpit and is continuous with the subclavian artery above and the brachial artery below
              subtype:  basilar_artery__basilarartery__arteria_basilaris__arteriabasilari  an unpaired artery; supplies the pons and cerebellum and the back part of the cerebrum and the inner ear
              subtype:  brachial_artery__arteria_brachialis  the main artery of the upper arm; a continuation of the axillary artery; bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow
              subtype:  radial_artery__arteria_radialis  branch of the brachial artery beginning below the elbow and extending down the forearm around the wrist and into the palm
              subtype:  bronchial_artery__bronchialartery  arteries that accompany the bronchioles
              subtype:  buccal_artery__arteria_buccalis  a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the buccinator muscle and the cheek
              subtype:  carotid_artery__carotidartery__arteria_carotis__arteriacaroti  either of two major arteries of the neck and head; branches from the aorta
                 subtype:  common_carotid_artery__common_carotid  runs upward in the neck and divides into the external and internal carotid arteries
                 subtype:  external_carotid_artery__external_carotid  the branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the face and tongue and external parts of the head
                 subtype:  internal_carotid_artery  the branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the brain and eyes and internal parts of the head
              subtype:  celiac_trunk__celiac_artery__truncus_celiacus__arteria_celiaca__arteriaceliaca  an artery that originates from the abdominal aorta just below the diaphragm and branches into the left gastric artery and the common hepatic artery and the splenic artery
              subtype:  central_artery_of_the_retina__arteria_centralis_retinae__arteriacentralisretinae  a branch of the ophthalmic artery; enters the eyeball with the optic nerve
              subtype:  cerebellar_artery__arteria_cerebelli__arteriacerebelli  an artery that supplies the cerebellum
                 subtype:  inferior_cerebellar_artery  the inferior branch of the cerebellar artery
                 subtype:  superior_cerebellar_artery  the superior branch of the cerebellar artery
              subtype:  cerebral_artery__arteria_cerebri__arteriacerebri  any of the arteries supplying blood to the cerebral cortex
                 subtype:  anterior_cerebral_artery  one of two branches of the internal carotid artery; divides into two branches that serve (1) the thalamus and (2) parts of the frontal and parietal cortex
                 subtype:  middle_cerebral_artery  one of two branches of the internal carotid artery; divides into three branches
                 subtype:  posterior_cerebral_artery  arises from the basilar artery; divides into three branches
                 subtype:  temporal_artery  any of the three arteries on either side of the brain supplying the cortex of the temporal lobe
                    subtype:  anterior_temporal_artery__arteria_temporalis_anterior  temporal artery that goes to the anterior part of the cerebral cortex of the temporal lobe
                    subtype:  intermediate_temporal_artery__arteria_temporalis_intermedia  temporal artery that goes to the middle part of the cerebral cortex of the temporal lobe
                    subtype:  posterior_temporal_artery__arteria_temporalis_posterior  temporal artery that supplies the posterior part of the cortex of the temporal lobe
              subtype:  cervical_artery__areteria_cervicalis  an artery that supplies the muscles of the neck
              subtype:  choroidal_artery__choroidalartery__arteriachoroidea  an artery that supplies the choroid plexus
              subtype:  ciliary_artery__ciliaryartery__arteria_ciliaris  one of several arteries supplying the choroid coat of the eye
              subtype:  circle_of_Willis  a ring of arteries at the base of the brain
              subtype:  circumflex_artery  any of several paired curving arteries
                 subtype:  circumflex_artery_of_the_thigh__arteria_circumflexa_femoris__arteriacircumflexafemori  an artery that supplies the hip joint and thigh muscles
                 subtype:  circumflex_humeral_artery__arteria_circumflexa_humeri__arteriacircumflexahumeri  an artery that supplies the shoulder joint and shoulder muscles
                 subtype:  circumflex_iliac_artery__arteria_circumflexa_ilium  an artery that supplies the lower abdominal walls and skin and the sartorius muscle
                 subtype:  circumflex_scapular_artery__arteria_circumflexa_scapulae__arteriacircumflexascapulae  an artery that serves the muscles of the shoulder and scapular area
              subtype:  colic_artery__colicartery__arteria_colica__arteriacolica  arteries that supply blood to the colon
              subtype:  communicating_artery__communicatingartery__arteria_communicans__arteriacommunican  any of three arteries in the brain that make up the circle of Willis
              subtype:  coronary_artery__arteria_coronaria__arteriacoronaria  the artery that branches from the aorta to supply blood to the heart
                 subtype:  atrial_artery  the branch of the coronary artery that supplies the muscles of the atria
                 subtype:  right_coronary_artery  arises from the right aortic sinus; supplies the right side of the heart
                 subtype:  left_coronary_artery  arises from the left aortic sinus; supplies the left side of the heart
              subtype:  cystic_artery__arteria_cystica__arteriacystica  a branch of the hepatic artery; supplies the gall bladder and the surface of the liver
              subtype:  digital_arteries__arteria_digitalis__arteriadigitali  arteries in the hand and foot that supply the fingers and toes
              subtype:  epigastric_artery__arteria_epigastrica  one of three arteries supplying the anterior walls of the abdomen
              subtype:  ethmoidal_artery__ethmoidalartery__arteriaethmoidali  a branch of the ophthalmic artery supplying structures in and around the nasal capsule
              subtype:  femoral_artery__femoralartery__arteria_femoralis__arteriafemorali  the chief artery of the thigh; a continuation of the external iliac artery
              subtype:  popliteal_artery__poplitealartery__arteria_poplitea__arteriapoplitea  continuation of the femoral artery that branches to supply the legs and feet
              subtype:  gastric_artery__gastricartery__arteria_gastrica__arteriagastrica  arteries that supplies the walls of the stomach
                 subtype:  right_gastric_artery__rightgastricartery__ateria_gastrica_dextra  a branch of the hepatic artery that supplies the pyloric portion of the stomach on the lesser curvature
                 subtype:  left_gastric_artery__arteria_gastrica_sinistra  a branch of the celiac artery that supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach and the abdominal part of the esophagus
                 subtype:  short_gastric_artery__shortgastricartery__arteria_gastrica_breves__vasa_brevis  several small arteries branching off of the splenic artery and going to the greater curvature of the stomach
              subtype:  gluteal_artery__glutealartery__arteria_glutes  branches of the internal iliac artery that supply the hip joint and gluteal region
              subtype:  hepatic_artery__hepaticartery__arteria_hepatica__arteriahepatica  arteries that supply the liver
              subtype:  ileal_artery__ilealartery__intestinalartery__arteria_ileum__arteriaileum  branch of the superior mesenteric artery that supplies the ileum
              subtype:  ileocolic_artery__ileocolicartery__arteriaileocolica  an artery that originates from the superior mesenteric artery and supplies the terminal part of the ileum and the cecum and the vermiform appendix and the ascending colon
              subtype:  iliac_artery__iliacartery__arteria_iliaca__arteriailiaca  one of the large arteries supplying blood to the pelvis and legs
                 subtype:  common_iliac_artery  terminal branches of the abdominal aorta
                 subtype:  external_iliac_artery  the outer branch of the common iliac artery on either side of the body; becomes the femoral artery
                 subtype:  internal_iliac_artery__hypogastric_artery__hypogastricartery  the inner branch of the common iliac artery on either side of the body; divides into several branches that supply blood to the pelvic and gluteal areas
              subtype:  iliolumbar_artery__arteria_iliolumbalis  an artery that originates in the internal iliac artery and supplies the pelvic muscles and bones
              subtype:  infraorbital_artery__arteria_infraorbitalis  originates from the maxillary artery and supplies structures below the orbit (from lower eyelid to upper lip)
              subtype:  innominate_artery  a large artery arising from the arch of the aorta and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery; supplies the right side of the neck and head and the right shoulder and arm
              subtype:  intercostal_artery__intercostalartery__arteria_intercostalis__arteriaintercostali  several arteries and supplying the intercostal spaces of the rib cage
              subtype:  jejunal_artery__jejunalartery__intestinal_artery  branch of the superior mesenteric artery that supplies the jejunum
              subtype:  labial_artery__arteria_labialis  a branch of the facial artery that supplies the lips of the mouth
                 subtype:  inferior_labial_artery__arteria_labialis_inferior  a branch of the facial artery that supplies the lower lip
                 subtype:  superior_labial_artery__arteria_labialis_superior  a branch of the facial artery that supplies the upper lip
              subtype:  labyrinthine_artery__artery_of_the_labyrinth__internal_auditory_artery  a branch of the basilar artery that supplies the labyrinth
              subtype:  lacrimal_artery__arteria_lacrimalis  an artery that originates from the ophthalmic artery and supplies the lacrimal gland and rectal eye muscles and the upper eyelid and the forehead
              subtype:  laryngeal_artery__laryngealartery__arteria_laryngea__arterialaryngea  either of two arteries that supply blood to the larynx
              subtype:  lienal_artery__splenic_artery__splenicartery__arteria_lienalis  an artery that originates from the celiac trunk and supplies blood to the spleen
              subtype:  lingual_artery__lingualartery__arteria_lingualis__arterialinguali  an artery originating from the external carotid artery and supplying the under side of the tongue
              subtype:  lumbar_artery__arteria_lumbalis  one of four or five pairs of arteries that originate in the abdominal aorta and supply the lumbar vertebrae and the back muscles and abdominal wall
              subtype:  maxillary_artery__maxillaryartery__arteria_maxillaris  either of two arteries branching from the external carotid artery and supplying structure of the face
                 subtype:  facial_artery__arteria_facialis__external_maxillary_artery  an artery that originates in the external carotid and gives off branches that supply the neck and face
                 subtype:  internal_maxillary_artery  the maxillary artery that supplies deep structure of the face and some of the meninges
              subtype:  meningeal_artery__meningealartery__arteria_meningea__arteriameningea  any of three arteries supplying the meninges of the brain and neighboring structures
                 subtype:  anterior_meningeal_artery  branch of the anterior ethmoidal artery that supplies meninges in the anterior cranial fossa
                 subtype:  middle_meningeal_artery  branch of the maxillary artery; its branches supply meninges
                 subtype:  posterior_meningeal_artery__posteriormeningealartery  branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery that supplies the dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa
              subtype:  mesenteric_artery__arteria_mesenterica__arteriamesenterica  one of two branches of the aorta that pass between the two layers of the mesentery to the intestines
                 subtype:  inferior_mesenteric_artery  arises near the lower end of the aorta and supplies the large intestine
                 subtype:  superior_mesenteric_artery  originates from the upper part of the aorta that supplies the small intestines and the cecum and the colon
              subtype:  metacarpal_artery__arteria_metacarpea__arteriametacarpea  dorsal and palmar arteries of the hand
              subtype:  metatarsal_artery__arteria_metatarsea__arteriametatarsea  dorsal and plantar arteries to the metatarsal region of the foot
              subtype:  musculophrenic_artery__arteria_musculophrenica  an artery that supplies the abdomen and intercostal muscles
              subtype:  nutrient_artery__arteria_nutricia__arterianutricia  an artery that supplies the medullary cavity of the long bone
              subtype:  ophthalmic_artery__arteria_ophthalmica  a branch of the internal carotid artery that supplies the eye and neighboring structures
              subtype:  ovarian_artery__ovarianartery__arteria_ovarica__arteriaovarica  the artery that branches from the aorta and supplies blood to the ovaries
              subtype:  palatine_artery__arteria_palatina__arteriapalatina  one of several arteries supplying the face
              subtype:  pancreatic_artery__arteria_pancreatica__arteriapancreatica  a branch of the splenic artery that supplies the pancreas
              subtype:  perineal_artery__arteria_perinealis  a branch of the internal pudendal artery that supplies superficial structures of the perineum
              subtype:  pudendal_artery__arteria_pudenda__arteriapudenda  arteries supplying the external genital organs of humans
              subtype:  pulmonary_artery__pulmonaryartery__arteria_pulmonalis  one of two arteries (branches of the pulmonary trunk) that carry venous blood from the heart to the lungs
                 subtype:  pulmonary_trunk__pulmonarytrunk__truncus_pulmonalis  the artery that carries venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart and divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries
              subtype:  rectal_artery__arteria_rectalis  one of the arteries supplying the rectal area
              subtype:  renal_artery__renalartery__arteria_renalis  an artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters
              subtype:  subclavian_artery__arteria_subclavia__arteriasubclavia  either of two arteries that supply blood to the neck and arms
              subtype:  testicular_artery__internal_spermatic_artery__arteria_testicularis  a branch of the aorta supplying the testicles
              subtype:  ulnar_artery__ulnarartery__arteria_ulnaris__arteriaulnari  large artery that branches from the brachial artery to supply the muscles of the forearm and wrist and hand
              subtype:  uterine_artery__uterineartery__arteria_uterina__arteriauterina  a branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina
              subtype:  vaginal_artery__vaginalartery__arteria_vaginalis__arteriavaginali  a branch of the internal iliac that provides blood for the vagina and the base of the bladder and the rectum
              subtype:  vertebral_artery__vertebralartery__arteriavertebrali  the first branch of the subclavian artery; divided into four parts
           subtype:  ductus_arteriosus  a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth
              subtype:  patent_ductus_arteriosus  a ductus arteriosus that failed to close at birth; may require surgical correction
           subtype:  vasa_vasorum  (invertebrates) any small blood vessel ramifying on the outside of a major artery or vein
           subtype:  vein__vena  a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart; all veins except the pulmonary carry unaerated blood
              subtype:  accessory_cephalic_vein__vena_cephalica_accessoria  a vein that passes along the radial edge of the forearm and joins the cephalic vein near the elbow
              subtype:  accessory_hemiazygos_vein__accessory_hemiazygous_vein__accessoryhemiazygousvein__vena_hemiazygos_accessoria  a vein formed by the union of the 4th to 7th posterior intercostal veins; empties into the azygos vein
              subtype:  accessory_vertebral_vein__accessoryvertebralvein__vena_vertebralis_accessoria  a vein that accompanies the vertebral vein but passes through the foramen of the transverse process of the 7th cervical vertebra and empties into the brachiocephalic vein
              subtype:  accompanying_vein__vena_comitans  a vein accompanying another structure; a vein may accompany an artery in such a way that the arterial pulses aid venous return
              subtype:  anastomotic_vein__anastomoticvein__venaanastomotica  either of two communicating veins serving the brain
              subtype:  angular_vein__angularvein__venaangulari  a short vein formed by the supraorbital vein and the supratrochlear vein and continuing as the facial vein
              subtype:  anterior_vertebral_vein__vena_vertebralis_anterior  a vein that accompanies the ascending cervical artery and opens into the vertebral vein
              subtype:  appendicular_vein__vena_appendicularis  a vein that accompanies the appendicular artery and empties into the ileocolic vein
              subtype:  arcuate_vein_of_the_kidney__vena_arcuata_renis  veins that receive blood from interlobular veins of kidney and rectal venules
              subtype:  auricular_vein__auricularvein__vena_auricularis  one of two veins serving the ear region
              subtype:  axillary_vein__vena_axillaris  a continuation of the basilic vein and brachial vein that becomes the subclavian vein
              subtype:  azygos_vein__azygous_vein__azygousvein__vena_azygos  one of a system of veins that drain the thoracic and abdominal walls; arises as a continuation of the right ascending lumbar vein and terminates in the superior vena cava
              subtype:  basal_vein__basalvein__vena_basalis  a large vein passing along the medial surface of the temporal lobe and emptying into the great cerebral vein
              subtype:  basilic_vein__basilicvein__vena_basilica  a vein that drains the back of the hand and forearm and empties into the axillary vein
              subtype:  basivertebral_vein__basivertebralvein__vena_basivertebralis  one of a number of veins draining the spongy substance of the vertebrae and emptying into the anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
              subtype:  brachial_vein__vena_brachialis  two veins in either arm that accompany the brachial artery and empty into the axillary vein
              subtype:  brachiocephalic_vein__brachiocephalicvein__innominate_vein__vena_brachiocephalica  veins formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins
              subtype:  bronchial_vein__bronchialvein__vena_bronchialis  veins serving the bronchi; empty into the azygos vein
              subtype:  cardinal_vein  any of the major venous channels in primitive adult vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates
                 subtype:  anterior_cardinal_vein  a major drainage channel from the cephalic part of the body
                 subtype:  posterior_cardinal_vein  a major drainage channel from the caudal part of the body
                 subtype:  common_cardinal_vein  the major return channels to the heart; formed by anastomosis of the anterior and posterior cardinal veins
              subtype:  central_veins_of_liver__venae_centrales_hepatis__venaecentraleshepati  terminal branches of the hepatic veins that lie in the hepatic lobules and receive blood from the liver sinusoids
              subtype:  central_vein_of_retina__vena_centrales_retinae  vein formed by the union of the retinal veins; accompanies central arteries of the retina in the optic nerve
              subtype:  central_vein_of_suprarenal_gland__vena_centralis_glandulae_suprarenalis  a single draining vein; on the right it empties into the inferior vena cava; on the left it empties into the left renal vein
              subtype:  cephalic_vein__vena_cephalica  a large vein of the arm that empties into the axillary vein
              subtype:  cerebellar_vein__vena_cerebellum  the veins draining the cerebellum
              subtype:  cerebral_vein__vena_cerebri  any of several veins serving the cerebral hemispheres of the brain
                 subtype:  anterior_cerebral_vein__vena_cerebri_anterior  accompanies the anterior cerebral artery and empties into the basal vein
                 subtype:  great_cerebral_vein__vena_cerebri_magna  a cerebral vein formed by the two internal cerebral veins and continuing into the sinus rectus
                 subtype:  inferior_cerebral_vein__venae_cerebrum_inferior  veins that drain the undersurface of the cerebral hemispheres and empty into the cavernous and transverse sinuses
                 subtype:  internal_cerebral_vein__vena_cerebrum_internus  two paired veins passing caudally near the midline and uniting to form the great cerebral vein
                 subtype:  middle_cerebral_vein__vena_cerebri_media  either of two cerebral veins
                    subtype:  deep_middle_cerebral_vein  accompanies the middle cerebral artery deep in the Sylvian fissure; empties into the basal vein
                    subtype:  superficial_middle_cerebral_vein  a large vein along the line of the Sylvian fissure to the cavernous sinus
                 subtype:  superior_cerebral_vein__vena_cerebrum_superior  a cerebral vein that drains the dorsal convexity of the cerebral hemisphere and empties into the cavernous sinus
              subtype:  deep_cervical_vein__cervical_vein__vena_cervicalis_profunda  a vein that accompanies an artery of the same name
              subtype:  choroid_vein__choroidvein__vena_choroidea  either of two veins serving the choroid coat of the eye
              subtype:  ciliary_veins__ciliaryvein__venae_ciliares  small veins coming from the ciliary body
              subtype:  circumflex_vein__vena_circumflexa  any of several curved parallel veins accompanying arteries of the same name
                 subtype:  circumflex_iliac_vein__vena_circumflexa_ilium  accompanies the artery of the same name
                 subtype:  circumflex_femoral_vein__vena_circumflexus_femoris__venacircumflexusfemori  either of two veins that accompany arteries of the same name serving the hip and thigh
              subtype:  clitoral_vein__vena_clitoridis  veins that serve the clitoris
                 subtype:  venae_profundae_clitoridis  deep veins of the clitoris; join the vesical plexus
                 subtype:  vena_dorsalis_clitoridis_profunda  deep dorsal vein of the clitoris; tributary of the vesical venous plexus
                 subtype:  venae_dorsales_clitoridis_superficiales  superficial dorsal veins of the clitoris; tributaries of the external pudendal vein on either side
              subtype:  colic_vein__colicvein__vena_colica  vein serving the large intestine
              subtype:  common_facial_vein  vein formed by union of facial vein and the retromandibular vein and emptying into the jugular vein
              subtype:  conjunctival_veins__venae_conjunctivales  veins draining the conjunctiva
              subtype:  costoaxillary_vein__costoaxillaryvein  one of several veins connecting intercostal veins with with the lateral thoracic vein or the thoracoepigastric vein
              subtype:  cutaneous_vein__cutaneousvein__vena_cutanea  one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins
              subtype:  cystic_vein__vena_cystica  vein that drains the gallbladder
              subtype:  digital_vein__digitalvein__vena_digitalis  one of the veins serving the fingers or toes
              subtype:  diploic_vein__diploicvein__venadiploica  one of the veins serving the spongy part of the cranial bones
              subtype:  dorsal_scapular_vein__vena_scapularis_dorsalis  vein that is a tributary of the subclavian vein or external jugular vein and accompanies the descending scapular artery
              subtype:  emissary_vein__vena_emissaria  one of several connecting veins in the scalp and head that drain blood from sinuses in the dura mater to veins outside the skull
              subtype:  epigastric_vein  veins serving the anterior walls of the abdomen
                 subtype:  inferior_epigastric_vein__vena_epigastrica_inferior  empties into the external iliac vein
                 subtype:  superficial_epigastric_vein__vena_epigastrica_superficialis  empties into the great saphenous vein
                 subtype:  superior_epigastric_veins__venae_epigastricae_superiores  veins that accompany the superior epigastric artery
              subtype:  esophageal_veins__oesophageal_veins__oesophagealvein__venae_esophageae__venaeesophageae  small veins from the esophagus emptying into the brachiocephalic vein or the azygos veins
              subtype:  ethmoidal_vein__ethmoidalvein__vena_ethmoidalis  veins that drain the ethmoidal sinuses and empty into the superior ophthalmic vein
              subtype:  external_nasal_vein__vena_nasalis_externa  one of the veins that drain the external nose and empty into the angular or facial vein
              subtype:  facial_vein__vena_facialis  any of several veins draining the face
                 subtype:  anterior_facial_vein__vena_facialis_anterior  a continuation of the angular vein; unites with the retromandibular vein before emptying into the internal jugular vein
                 subtype:  retromandibular_vein__retromandibularvein__vena_retromandibularis__posterior_facial_vein  posterior branch of the facial vein; formed by temporal veins in front of the ear
              subtype:  femoral_vein__femoralvein__vena_femoralis  a vein that accompanies the femoral artery in the same sheath; a continuation of the popliteal vein; becomes the external iliac vein
              subtype:  gastric_vein__gastricvein__vena_gastrica  one of several veins draining the stomach walls
                 subtype:  left_gastric_vein__vena_gastrica_sinistra  arises from a union of veins from the gastric cardia; runs in the lesser omentum; empties into the portal vein
                 subtype:  pyloric_vein__pyloricvein__right_gastric_vein__rightgastricvein__vena_gastrica-dextra  receives veins from the upper surfaces of the stomach and empties into the portal vein
              subtype:  gastroomental_vein__gastroomentalvein__gastroepiploic_vein__vena_gastroomentalis  one of two veins serving the great curvature of the stomach
              subtype:  genicular_vein__genicularvein__vena_genus  veins that drain blood from structures around the knee; empty into the popliteal vein
              subtype:  gluteal_vein__glutealvein__vena_gluteus  veins draining the gluteal muscles on either side of the body
              subtype:  hemizygos_vein__hemizygosvein__hemizygous_vein__vena_hemizygos  a continuation of the left ascending lumbar vein; crosses the midline at the 8th vertebra and empties into the azygos vein
              subtype:  hemorrhoidal_vein__rectal_vein__vena_rectalis  any of several veins draining the walls of the anal canal and rectum
              subtype:  hepatic_vein__hepaticvein__vena_hepatica  a vein that drains the liver; empties into the vena cava
              subtype:  ileocolic_vein__ileocolicvein__vena_ileocolica  a vein that drains the end of the ileum and the appendix and the cecum and the lower part of the ascending colon
              subtype:  iliac_vein__iliacvein__vena_iliaca  one of three veins draining the pelvic area
                 subtype:  hypogastric_vein__hypogastricvein__internal_iliac_vein  a vein that unites with the external iliac vein to form the common iliac vein
                 subtype:  external_iliac_vein  a continuation of the femoral vein; unites with the internal iliac vein to form the common iliac vein
                 subtype:  common_iliac_vein  formed by the internal and external iliac veins; unites with its fellow from the opposite side of the body to form the inferior vena cava
              subtype:  iliolumbar_vein__vena_iliolumbalis  a branch of the internal iliac vein
              subtype:  intercapitular_vein__vena_intercapitalis  veins connecting the dorsal and palmar veins of the hand or the dorsal and plantar veins of the foot
              subtype:  intercostal_vein__intercostalvein__vena_intercostalis  several veins draining the intercostal spaces of the rib cage
              subtype:  intervertebral_vein__vena_intervertebralis  one of several veins accompanying spinal nerves
              subtype:  jugular_vein__jugularvein__vena_jugularis__jugular  veins in the neck that return blood from the head
                 subtype:  anterior_jugular_vein  arises below the chin from veins draining the lower face; joins the external jugular vein
                 subtype:  external_jugular_vein  formed by the junction of the posterior auricular and the retromandibular veins; empties into the subclavian vein
                 subtype:  internal_jugular_vein  a continuation of the sigmoid sinus of the dura mater; joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein
              subtype:  labial_vein__vena_labialis  a vein draining the lips of the mouth
                 subtype:  inferior_labial_vein__vena_labialis_inferior  a tributary of the facial vein that drains the lower lip
                 subtype:  superior_labial_vein__vena_labialis_superior  a tributary of the facial vein that drains the upper lip
              subtype:  vena_labialis__labial_vein  veins draining the lips of the vulva
                 subtype:  venae_labiales_anteriores__anterior_labial_veins  veins from the labia majora to the external pudendal vein
                 subtype:  venae_labiales_posteriores__posterior_labial_veins  veins that pass posterior from the labia majora to the internal pudendal vein
              subtype:  labyrinthine_vein__internal_auditory_vein  veins that drain the inner ear
              subtype:  lacrimal_vein__vena_lacrimalis  drains the lacrimal gland; empties into the superior ophthalmic vein
              subtype:  laryngeal_vein__laryngealvein__vena_laryngea  one of two veins draining the larynx
              subtype:  lingual_vein__lingualvein__vena_lingualis  a vein that receives blood from the tongue and the floor of the mouth and empties into the internal jugular or the facial vein
              subtype:  lumbar_vein__vena_lumbalis  veins that drain the posterior body wall and the lumbar vertebral venous plexuses
              subtype:  maxillary_vein__maxillaryvein__vena_maxillaris  posterior continuation of the pterygoid plexus; joins the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein
              subtype:  meningeal_veins__meningealvein__venae_meningeae  veins at accompany the meningeal arteries
              subtype:  mesenteric_vein__vena_mesenterica  a tributary of the portal vein passing from the intestine between the two layers of mesentery
              subtype:  metacarpal_vein__vena_metacarpus  dorsal and palmar veins of the hand
              subtype:  metatarsal_vein__vena_metatarsus  dorsal and plantar branches of veins serving the metatarsal region of the foot
              subtype:  musculophrenic_vein__vena_musculophrenica  veins that drain the upper abdominal wall and the lower intercostal spaces and the abdomen
              subtype:  nasofrontal_vein__nasofrontalvein__vena_nasofrontalis  a vein located in the anterior medial part of the orbit; connects the superior ophthalmic with the angular vein
              subtype:  oblique_vein_of_the_left_atrium__vena_obliqua_atrii_sinistri  a tributary of the coronary sinus; on the posterior wall of the left atrium
              subtype:  obturator_vein__obturatorvein__vena_obturatoria  a vein formed by the union of tributaries that drain the hip joints and thigh muscles; empties into the internal iliac vein
              subtype:  occipital_vein__occipitalvein__vena_occipitalis  a vein that drains the occipital region
              subtype:  ophthalmic_vein__vena_ophthalmica  either of two veins that serve the eye; empties into the cavernous sinus
                 subtype:  inferior_ophthalmic_vein  a vein that drains a venous network in the floor and medial wall of the eye socket
                 subtype:  superior_ophthalmic_vein  a vein that begins at the inner angle of the eye socket and passes through the superior orbital fissure to empty into the cavernous sinus
              subtype:  ovarian_vein__ovarianvein__vena_ovarica  one of the veins that drain the ovaries; the right opens into the inferior vena cava; the left opens into the left renal vein
              subtype:  palatine_vein__vena_palatina  a vein that drains the region of the palate and empties into the facial vein
              subtype:  pancreatic_vein__venae_pancreatica__venaepancreatica  veins draining the pancreas and emptying into the superior mesenteric and splenic veins
              subtype:  paraumbilical_vein__paraumbilicalvein__vena_paraumbilicalis  small veins arising in skin around the navel; terminate as accessory portal veins
              subtype:  parotid_vein__parotidvein  parotid branches of the facial vein; drain part of the parotid gland and empty into the retromandibular vein
              subtype:  pectoral_vein__vena_pectoralis  veins that drain the pectoral muscles and empty into the subclavian vein
              subtype:  perforating_vein__perforatingvein__venaperforanti  veins that accompany the perforating arteries; drain leg muscles; empty into the deep femoral vein
              subtype:  pericardial_vein__pericardialvein__venapericardiaca  several small veins from the pericardium
              subtype:  peroneal_vein__fibular_vein__fibularvein__vena_peroneus  accompany the peroneal arteries; arising in the heel and running up the back of the leg to join the posterior tibial veins of the popliteal vein
              subtype:  pharyngeal_vein__vena_pharyngeus  veins from the pharyngeal plexus that empty into the internal jugular vein
              subtype:  phrenic_vein__phrenicvein__vena_phrenica  either of two veins that drain the diaphragm
              subtype:  popliteal_vein__poplitealvein__vena_poplitea  a vein arising in the knee and ascending to become the femoral vein
              subtype:  hepatic_portal_vein__portal_vein__vena_portae  a short vein that carries blood into the liver
              subtype:  posterior_vein_of_the_left_ventricle__vena_posterior_ventriculi_sinistri  arises near the apex of the heart and empties into the coronary sinus
              subtype:  prepyloric_vein__vena_pylorica  a tributary of the right gastric vein
              subtype:  pudendal_vein__venae_pudendum__venaepudendum  vein of the pudendum
              subtype:  pulmonary_vein__pulmonaryvein__vena_pulmonalis  any of four veins that carry arterial blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
                 subtype:  inferior_pulmonary_vein__vena_pulmanalis_inferior  either of two pulmonary veins (left and right) returning blood from the inferior lobes of the lungs
                 subtype:  superior_pulmonary_vein__vena_pulmonalis_superior  either of two pulmonary veins (left and right) returning blood from the superior lobes of the lungs
              subtype:  radial_vein__vena_radialis  superficial veins ascending the radial side of the forearm; combines with the ulnar veins to form the brachial vein
              subtype:  renal_vein__renalvein__vena_renalis  veins that accompany renal arteries; open into the vena cava at the level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra
              subtype:  sacral_vein__vena_sacralis  vein of the sacral region
              subtype:  saphenous_vein__saphenousvein__vena_saphena  either of two chief superficial veins of the leg that drain blood from the foot
                 subtype:  long_saphenous_vein__great_saphenous_vein__greatsaphenousvein  the longest vein in the body; runs from foot to the groin where it joins the femoral vein
                 subtype:  short_saphenous_vein__shortsaphenousvein  a vein running from the foot up the back of the leg to the knee
              subtype:  scleral_veins__scleralvein__venae_sclerales__venaesclerale  tributaries of the anterior ciliary veins that drain the sclera of the eye
              subtype:  scrotal_vein__scrotalvein__vena_scrotalis  veins passing from the scrotum to the pudendal veins
              subtype:  sigmoid_vein__sigmoidvein__venasigmoideu  tributaries of the inferior mesenteric vein; drains the sigmoid colon
              subtype:  spinal_vein__vena_spinalis__venaspinali  veins that drain the spinal cord
              subtype:  splenic_vein__splenicvein__vena_lienalis  a vein formed by several small veins on the surface of the spleen; joins the superior mesenteric to form the portal vein
              subtype:  sternocleidomastoid_vein__sternocleidomastoidvein__vena_sternocleidomastoidea  drains the sternocleidomastoid muscle; empties into the internal jugular vein
              subtype:  stylomastoid_vein__vena_stylomastoidea  a vein that drains the tympanic cavity and empties into the retromandibular vein
              subtype:  subclavian_vein__vena_subclavia  a continuation of the axillary vein; joins the internal jugular to form the brachiocephalic vein
              subtype:  sublingual_vein__vena_sublingualis  a tributary of the lingual vein
              subtype:  supraorbital_vein__vena_supraorbitalis  drains the front of the scalp; unites with the supratrochlear vein to form the angular vein
              subtype:  supratrochlear_vein__vena_supratrochlearis  drains the front of the scalp; unites with the supraorbital vein to form the angular vein
              subtype:  temporal_vein__vena_temporalis  any of several veins draining the temporal region
                 subtype:  deep_temporal_vein  temporal veins that empty into the pterygoid plexus
                 subtype:  middle_temporal_vein  arises near the eye; joins the superficial temporal veins to form the retromandibular vein
                 subtype:  superficial_temporal_vein  join the middle temporal vein to empty into the retromandibular vein
              subtype:  testicular_vein__vena_testicularis  a vein from the testicles
              subtype:  thalamostriate_vein  a vein serving the thalamus and corpus striatum
                 subtype:  superior_thalamostriate_vein  a long vein that helps to form the internal cerebral vein
                 subtype:  inferior_thalamostriate_vein__striate_vein__striatevein  tributaries to the basal vein
              subtype:  thoracoepigastric_vein__thoracoepigastricvein__vena_thoracoepigastrica  a vein arising from the region of the superficial epigastric vein and opening into the axillary vein or thoracic vein
              subtype:  thoracic_vein__vena_thoracica  veins that drain the thoracic walls
              subtype:  thyroid_vein__thyroidvein__vena_thyroidea  any of several small veins draining blood from the thyroid area
                 subtype:  inferior_thyroid_vein  any of several veins on each side that drain the thyroid gland and empty into the innominate vein
                 subtype:  middle_thyroid_vein  a vein on each side that drains the lateral part of the thyroid and empties into the internal jugular vein
                 subtype:  superior_thyroid_vein  a vein on each side that drains the upper part of the thyroid and empties into the internal jugular vein
              subtype:  tibial_vein__vena_tibialis  veins of the lower leg; empty into the popliteal vein
              subtype:  tracheal_vein__vena_trachealis  several small veins from the trachea
              subtype:  tympanic_vein  veins from the tympanic cavity that empty into the retromandibular vein
              subtype:  ulnar_vein__ulnarvein__vena_ulnaris  any of several veins of the forearm
              subtype:  umbilical_vein__umbilicalvein__vena_umbilicalis  a vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus
              subtype:  uterine_vein__uterinevein  one of two veins on each side that arise from the uterine plexus and empty into the internal iliac vein
              subtype:  varicose_vein  a vein that is permanently dilated; most common in the legs
              subtype:  vena_bulbi_penis  vein of the head of the penis; tributary of the internal pudendal vein that drains the perineum
              subtype:  vena_canaliculi_cochleae  vein of the cochlear canal
              subtype:  vein_of_penis  a vein serving the penis
                 subtype:  venae_dorsales_penis_superficiales  superficial dorsal veins of the penis; paired tributaries of the external pudendal veins on each side
                 subtype:  venae_dorsales_penis_profunda  deep dorsal vein of the penis; tributary of the prostatic plexus
                 subtype:  vena_profunda_penis  deep vein of the penis; enters the prostatic plexus
              subtype:  vena_bulbi_vestibuli  vein of the vestibular bulb
              subtype:  vena_cava  either of two large veins that return oxygen-depleted blood to the right atrium of the heart
                 subtype:  inferior_vena_cava__postcava  receives blood from lower limbs and abdominal organs and empties into the posterior part of the right atrium of the heart; formed from the union of the two iliac veins
                 subtype:  superior_vena_cava__precava  receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heart; formed from the azygos and both brachiocephalic veins
              subtype:  venae_palpebrales__venaepalpebrale  veins of the eyelids
              subtype:  venae_interlobulares_hepatis  interlobular veins of the liver
              subtype:  venae_renis__venaereni  veins of the kidney; drain the kidney into the renal vein
                 subtype:  venae_interlobulares_renis  interlobular veins of the kidney; receive blood from the arcuate vein and empty into the renal veins
              subtype:  vertebral_vein__vertebralvein__vena_vertebralis  a vein that goes through the foramina of the cervical vertebrae and forms a plexus around the vertebral artery; empties into the brachiocephalic vein
              subtype:  vesical_vein__vesicalvein__venavesicali  veins that drain the vesical plexus and join the internal iliac veins
              subtype:  vestibular_vein__vena_vestibularis  veins that drain the saccule and utricle
              subtype:  vortex_vein__vorticose_vein__vorticosevein__vena_vorticosum  a vein formed by branches from the back surface of the eye and the ciliary body; empties into the ophthalmic veins
              subtype:  venule__venula__capillary_vein__capillaryvein  a minute vein continuous with a capillary
                 subtype:  episcleral_veins__venae_episclerales  small veins in the sclera near the corneal margin; empty into the anterior ciliary veins
                 subtype:  stellate_venule  a star-shaped group of venules in the renal cortex
           subtype:  capillary  any of the minute blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules
              subtype:  glomerulus  a small intertwined group of capillaries in the malpighian body; glomeruli filter blood during urine formation
              subtype:  tomentum_cerebri__tomentum  a network of tiny blood vessels between the cerebral surface of the pia mater and the cerebral cortex
     subtype:  cartilaginous_tube__cartilaginoustube  a tube with cartilaginous walls
        subtype:  bronchus__bronchial_tube__bronchialtube  either of the two main branches of the trachea
           subtype:  bronchiole  any of the smallest bronchial tubes; ending in alveoli
        subtype:  windpipe__trachea  membranous tube with cartilaginous rings that conveys inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi
  subtype:  passage.anatomical_structure__passageway  a path or channel or duct through or along which something may pass; "the nasal passages"
     subtype:  birth_canal__birthcanal  a passage in the uterus and vagina through which a fetus passes during vaginal birth
     subtype:  meatus  a natural body passageway
        subtype:  auditory_meatus__acoustic_meatus__ear_canal__earcanal__auditory_canal__external_auditory_canal  either of the passages in the outer ear from the auricle to the tympanic membrane
        subtype:  nasal_meatus  the passages in the nasal cavity formed by the projections of the nasal conchae
     subtype:  orifice__opening__porta  an aperture or hole opening into a bodily cavity; "the orifice into the aorta from the lower left chamber of the heart"
        subtype:  vent  external opening of urinary or genital system of a lower vertebrate
        subtype:  blastopore  the opening into the archenteron
        subtype:  aortic_orifice  the orifice from the lower left chamber of the heart to the aorta
        subtype:  stoma  a mouth or mouthlike opening (especially one created by surgery on the surface of the body to create an opening to an internal organ)
        subtype:  porta_hepatis__portahepati  opening for major blood vessels to enter and leave the liver
        subtype:  spiracle  a breathing orifice
           subtype:  blowhole  the spiracle of a cetacean located far back on the skull
           subtype:  stigma.spiracle  an external tracheal aperture in a terrestrial arthropod
        subtype:  mouth  the externally visible part of the oral cavity on the face and the system of organs surrounding the opening; "she wiped lipstick from her mouth"
           subtype:  cytostome  mouth of a protozoan
           subtype:  neb__beak__bill__nib__pecker  horny projecting mouth of a bird
           subtype:  beak  beaklike mouth of animals other than birds (e.g., turtles)
        subtype:  os  a mouth or mouthlike opening
        subtype:  uterine_cervix__uterinecervix__cervix__cervix_uteri  necklike opening to the uterus
           subtype:  incompetent_cervix__incompetentcervix  (obstetrics) uterine cervix that becomes dilated before term and without labor often resulting in miscarriage or premature birth
        subtype:  fenestra  a small membrane-covered opening (especially one in the bone between the middle and inner ear)
           subtype:  fenestra_ovalis__fenestra_vestibuli__oval_window__fenestra_of_the_vestibule  fenestra that has the base of the stapes attached to it
           subtype:  fenestra_rotunda__fenestra_cochleae__round_window__roundwindow__fenestra_of_the_cochlea  fenestra leading into the cochlea
        subtype:  cardia  the opening into the stomach and that part of the stomach connected to the esophagus
        subtype:  introitus__introitu  entrance or opening to a hollow organ or tube (especially the vaginal opening); "the introitus of the vagina"
        subtype:  urethral_orifice__external_orifice  the orifice through which urine is discharged
        subtype:  pylorus__pyloru  a small circular opening between the stomach and the duodenum
        subtype:  anus__arse__arsehole__asshole  excretory opening at the end of the alimentary canal
           subtype:  imperforate_anus  a congenital defect of the anus; there is partial or complete obstruction of the anal opening
        subtype:  fontanelle__fontanel__soft_spot  any membranous gap between the bones of the cranium in an infant or fetus
           subtype:  anterior_fontanelle  corresponds to the bregma when bones have ossified
           subtype:  sphenoid_fontanelle__sphenoid_fontanel__sphenoidal_fontanelle__sphenoidal_fontanel  the irregularly shaped area on either side of the cranium where the frontal bone and the anterior tip of the parietal bone and the temporal bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone meet; corresponds to the pterion when bones have ossified
        subtype:  naris__nari  any of the openings to the nasal cavities that allow air to flow through the cavities to the pharynx
           subtype:  nostril__anterior_naris  either one of the two external openings to the nasal cavity in the nose
           subtype:  posterior_naris__posteriornari  either one of the two posterior openings at the back of the nasal cavity leading to the nasopharynx
        subtype:  rima  a narrow elongated opening or fissure between two symmetrical parts
           subtype:  oral_cavity__mouth__oral_fissure__rima_oris  the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge; "he stuffed his mouth with candy"
              subtype:  maw__trap__hole__yap__gob  informal terms for the mouth
           subtype:  pudendal_cleft__urogenital_cleft__rima_pudendi__rima_vulvae__pudendal_cleavage__pudendal_slit__vulvar_slit  the fissure between the labia majora
           subtype:  rima_glottidis__rima_vocalis__true_glottis__glottis_vera__glottisvera  the space between the two true vocal folds
           subtype:  rima_vestibuli__rima_respiratoria__false_glottis__falseglotti__glottis_spuria__glottisspuria  the opening between the false vocal folds
     subtype:  duct__canal__channel  a bodily passage or tube conveying a secretion or other substance
        subtype:  pore.duct  any small opening in the skin or outer surface of an animal
           subtype:  ostiole  a small pore especially one in the reproductive bodies of certain algae and fungi through which spores pass
        subtype:  spinal_canal__vertebral_canal__vertebralcanal__canalis_vertebralis__canalisvertebrali  the canal in successive vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes
        subtype:  ductule__ductulus  a very small duct
           subtype:  sweat_duct__sweatduct  a small duct that conveys sweat from a sudoriferous gland to the surface of the skin
           subtype:  biliary_ductule  excretory ducts of the liver; empty into the hepatic ducts
        subtype:  canaliculus__canaliculu  a small canal or duct as in some bones and parts of plants
        subtype:  canal_of_Schlemm__Schlemm's_canal__schlemm'scanal__sinus_venosus_sclerae__sinusvenosussclerae  a circular canal in the eye that drains aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye into the anterior ciliary veins
        subtype:  venous_sinus__sinus__sinu  a wide channel containing blood; does not have the coating of an ordinary blood vessel
           subtype:  cavernous_sinus__sinus_cavernosus  either of a pair of large venous sinuses in the cranial cavity
           subtype:  coronary_sinus__sinus_coronarius  a short sinus receiving most of the veins of the heart; empties into the right atrium
           subtype:  sigmoid_sinus__sigmoidsinu__sinus_sigmoideus  an S-shaped dural sinus on the temporal and occipital bones
           subtype:  straight_sinus__tentorial_sinus__tentorialsinu__sinus_rectus  an unpaired sinus of the dura mater
           subtype:  transverse_sinus__sinus_transversus__sinustransversu  a paired dural sinus; terminates in the sigmoid sinus
        subtype:  lacrimal_duct__lachrymal_duct__lachrymalduct__tear_duct  any of several small ducts that carry tears from the lacrimal glands
        subtype:  nasolacrimal_duct  a duct that carries tears from the lacrimal sac to the nasal cavity
        subtype:  Haversian_canal  any of the many tiny canals that contain blood vessels and connective tissue and that form a network in bone
        subtype:  hepatic_duct__hepaticduct  the duct that drains bile from the liver
        subtype:  inguinal_canal__canalis_inguinalis  oblique passage through the lower abdominal wall; in males it is the passage through which the testes descend into the scrotum and it contains the spermatic cord; in females it transmits the round ligament of the uterus
        subtype:  common_bile_duct__bile_duct  a duct formed by the hepatic and cystic ducts; opens into the duodenum
        subtype:  pancreatic_duct  a duct connecting the pancreas with the intestine
        subtype:  lymph_vessel__lymphvessel__lymphatic_vessel__lymphaticvessel  a vascular duct that carries lymph which is eventually added to the venous blood circulation
           subtype:  thoracic_duct  the major duct of the lymphatic system
           subtype:  lacteal  any of the lymphatic vessels that convey chyle from the small intestine to the thoracic duct
        subtype:  salivary_duct  a duct through which saliva passes from the salivary gland into the mouth
        subtype:  cerebral_aqueduct__Sylvian_aqueduct__aqueductus_cerebri  a canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles
        subtype:  ureter  either of a pair of thick-walled tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
        subtype:  urethra  duct through which urine is discharged in most mammals and which serves as the male genital duct
        subtype:  cervical_canal__canalis_cervicis_uteri  a spindle-shaped canal extending from the uterus to the vagina
        subtype:  umbilical_cord__umbilicalcord  membranous duct connecting the fetus with the placenta
        subtype:  vagina  the lower part of the female reproductive tract; a moist canal in female mammals extending from the labia minora to the uterus; "the vagina receives the penis during coitus"; "the vagina is elastic enough to allow the passage of a fetus"
        subtype:  epididymis  a convoluted tubule in each testis; carries sperm to vas deferens
        subtype:  vas_deferens__ductus_deferens  a duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
        subtype:  seminal_duct__seminalduct  the efferent duct of the testis in man
        subtype:  ejaculatory_duct__ejaculatoryduct  a part of the seminal duct formed by the duct from the seminal vesicle and the vas deferens; passes through the prostate gland
        subtype:  alimentary_canal__alimentary_tract__digestive_tube__digestivetube__digestivetract__gastrointestinal_tract__GI_tract  tubular passage of mucous membrane and muscle extending about 8.3 meters from mouth to anus; functions in digestion and elimination
           subtype:  enteron  the alimentary canal (especially of an embryo or a coelenterate)
        subtype:  lactiferous_duct__lactiferousduct  ducts of the mammary gland that carry milk to the nipple
     subtype:  sinusoid  tiny endothelium-lined passages for blood in the tissue of an organ
     subtype:  root_canal  the passage in the root of a tooth through which its nerve and blood vessels enter the pulp cavity
     subtype:  esophagus__esophagu__oesophagus__gorge__gullet  the passage between the pharynx and the stomach
     subtype:  epicardia  the short part of the esophagus extending downward from the diaphragm to the stomach
     subtype:  fauces  the passage between the back of the mouth and the pharynx
     subtype:  fistula__sinus__sinu  an abnormal passage leading from a suppurating cavity to the body surface
     subtype:  shunt  a passage by which a bodily fluid (especially blood) is diverted from one channel to another; "an arteriovenus shunt"
        subtype:  bypass  a surgically created shunt (usually around a damaged part)
        subtype:  portacaval_shunt  shunt that is created surgically between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava so that blood from the abdominal organs can bypass the liver
  subtype:  fundus  (anatomy) the base of a hollow organ or that part farthest from its opening; "the uterine fundus"
  subtype:  funiculus__funiculu  any of several body structure resembling a cord
     subtype:  spinal_cord__medulla_spinalis  a major part of the central nervous system which conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses to and from the brain; a long tube-like structure extending from the base of the brain through the vertebral canal to the upper lumbar region
     subtype:  umbilical_cord__umbilicalcord  membranous duct connecting the fetus with the placenta
     subtype:  spermatic_cord__spermaticcord  a structure resembling a cord that suspends the testis within the scrotum and contains the vas deferens and other vessels and nerves
  subtype:  skeletal_muscle_head__head  that part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves
  subtype:  bodily_cavity__cavity__cavum  (anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body
     subtype:  blastocoel__blastocoele__blastocele__segmentation_cavity__cleavage_cavity  the fluid-filled cavity inside a blastula
     subtype:  archenteron  central cavity of the gastrula; becomes the intestinal or digestive cavity
     subtype:  sinus__sinu  any of various air-filled cavities especially in the bones of the skull
        subtype:  ethmoid_sinus__ethmoidsinu__ethmoidal_sinus__ethmoidalsinu__sinus_ethmoidales__sinusethmoidale  a sinus of the meatuses of the nasal cavity (behind the bridge of the nose)
        subtype:  frontal_sinus__frontalsinu  one of a pair of cavities in the frontal bone
        subtype:  maxillary_sinus__maxillarysinu  one of a pair of sinuses forming a cavity in the maxilla
        subtype:  paranasal_sinus__paranasalsinu__sinus_paranasales__sinusparanasale__nasal_sinus__nasalsinu  any of the paired sinuses in the bones of the face adjacent to the nasal cavity that are lined with mucous membrane that is continuous with lining of the nasal cavities
     subtype:  locule__loculus__loculu  a small cavity or space within an organ or in a plant or animal
     subtype:  lumen  a cavity or passage in a tubular organ; "the lumen of the intestine"
     subtype:  socket.bodily_cavity  a bony hollow into which a structure fits
        subtype:  hip_socket__hipsocket  the socket part of the ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the innominate bone
        subtype:  tooth_socket__toothsocket__alveolus  a bony socket in the alveolar ridge that holds a tooth
        subtype:  acetabulum__cotyloid_cavity  the cup-shaped hollow in the hipbone into which the head of the femur fits to form a ball-and-socket joint
     subtype:  pulp_cavity  the central cavity of a tooth containing the pulp (including the root canal)
     subtype:  eye_socket__eyesocket__orbit__cranial_orbit__cranialorbit__orbital_cavity__orbitalcavity  the bony cavity in the skull containing the eyeball
     subtype:  buccal_cavity  the cavity between the jaws and the cheeks
     subtype:  antrum  a natural cavity or hollow in a bone
     subtype:  vestibule  any of various bodily cavities leading to another cavity (as of the ear or vagina)
        subtype:  vestibule_of_the_ear  the central cavity of the bony labyrinth of the ear
        subtype:  vestibule_of_the_vagina  the space between the labia minora containing the orifice of the urethra
     subtype:  mediastinum  the part of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that contains the heart and aorta and esophagus and trachea and thymus
     subtype:  middle_ear__tympanic_cavity__tympanum  the main cavity of the ear; between the eardrum and the inner ear
     subtype:  pleural_cavity__pleuralcavity  the cavity in the thorax that contains the lungs
     subtype:  chamber.bodily_cavity  an enclosed volume (as the aqueous chamber of the eyeball or the chambers of the heart)
        subtype:  heart_ventricle__heartventricle__ventricle  a chamber of the heart that receives blood from an atrium and pumps it to the arteries
           subtype:  left_ventricle  the chamber on the left side of the heart that receives arterial blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta
           subtype:  right_ventricle  the chamber on the right side of the heart that receives venous blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary trunk
        subtype:  atrium.chamber  any chamber that is connected to other chambers or passageways (especially one of the two upper chambers of the heart)
           subtype:  atrium_cordis__atrium_of_the_heart  the upper chamber of each half of the heart
              subtype:  right_atrium_of_the_heart__right_atrium__rightatrium__atrium_dextrum  the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cavae and coronary sinus
              subtype:  left_atrium_of_the_heart__left_atrium__atrium_sinistrum  the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the pulmonary veins
     subtype:  cranial_cavity__cranialcavity__intracranial_cavity__intracranialcavity  the cavity enclosed by the cranium
     subtype:  amniotic_cavity  the fluid-filled cavity that surrounds the developing embryo
     subtype:  peritoneal_cavity__greater_peritoneal_sac  the interior of the peritoneum; a potential space between layers of the peritoneum
     subtype:  bursa_omentalis__bursaomentali__omental_bursa__omentalbursa__lesser_peritoneal_cavity  an isolated part of the peritoneal cavity that is dorsal to the stomach
     subtype:  pericardial_cavity__pericardialcavity__pericardial_space__pericardialspace  the space between the layers of the pericardium that contains fluid that lubricates the membrane surfaces and allows easy heart movement
     subtype:  vacuole  a tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell
     subtype:  ventricle  one of four connected cavities in the brain; is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord and contains cerebrospinal fluid
        subtype:  fourth_ventricle  an irregular ventricle between the third ventricle and the central canal of the spinal cord
        subtype:  third_ventricle  a narrow ventricle in the midplane below the corpus callosum; communicates with the fourth ventricle via the Sylvian aqueduct
        subtype:  lateral_ventricle__lateralventricle  either of two horseshoe-shaped ventricles one in each cerebral hemisphere; they communicate with the third ventricle via the foramen of Monro
     subtype:  sac  a structure resembling a bag in an animal
        subtype:  yolk_sac  membranous structure enclosing the yolk of eggs in birds reptiles marsupials and some fishes; circulates nutrients to the developing embryo
        subtype:  vitelline_sac__vitellinesac__yolk_sac__umbilical_vesicle__umbilicalvesicle__vesicula_umbilicus  membranous structure that functions as the circulatory system in mammal embryos until the heart becomes functional
        subtype:  amnion__amniotic_sac__amnios  thin innermost membranous sac enclosing the developing embryo in higher vertebrates (Amniota: reptiles; birds; mammals)
        subtype:  chorion  outermost membranous sac enclosing the embryo in higher vertebrates (reptiles; birds; mammals)
        subtype:  coelenteron  the saclike body cavity of a coelenterate
        subtype:  air_bladder__swim_bladder  an air-filled sac near the spinal column in many fishes that helps maintain buoyancy
        subtype:  air_sac  any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds
        subtype:  air_sac.sac  any of the thin-walled extensions of the tracheae of insects
        subtype:  saccule__sacculus  a small sc or pouch (especially the smaller chamber of the membranous labyrinth)
        subtype:  vesica__bladder  a distensible membranous sac (usually containing liquid or gas)
           subtype:  urinary_bladder__urinarybladder  a membranous sac for temporary retention of urine
        subtype:  acinus  one of the small sacs or saclike dilations in a compound gland
        subtype:  bursa  a small fluid-filled sac located between movable parts of the body especially at joints
        subtype:  cisterna__cistern  a sac or cavity containing fluid especially lymph or cerebrospinal fluid
        subtype:  pouch.sac__pocket  (anatomy) saclike structure in any of various animals (as a marsupial or gopher or pelican)
           subtype:  gizzard__ventriculus__ventriculu__gastric_mill__gastricmill  thick-walled muscular pouch below the crop in many birds and reptiles for grinding food
           subtype:  utricle__utriculus__utriculu  a small pouch into which the semicircular canals open
           subtype:  atrial_auricle__auricle__auriculaatrii  a small conical pouch projecting from the upper anterior part of each atrium of the heart
           subtype:  auricula__auricular_appendage__auricularappendage__auricular_appendix__auricularappendix  a pouch projecting from the top front of each atrium of the heart
           subtype:  cheek_pouch__cheekpouch  a membranous pouch inside the mouth of many rodents (as a gopher)
           subtype:  marsupium  an external abdominal pouch in most marsupials where newborn offspring are suckled
           subtype:  scrotum  the external pouch that contains the testes
        subtype:  vesicle__cyst  a small anatomically normal sac or bladderlike structure (especially one containing fluid)
           subtype:  lacrimal_sac__tear_sac__dacryocyst  either of the two dilated ends of the lacrimal ducts at the nasal ends of the eyes that fill with tears secreted by the lacrimal glands
           subtype:  Golgi_body__Golgi_apparatus__Golgi_complex__dictyosome  a net-like structure in the cytoplasm of animal cells (especially in those cells that produce secretions)
           subtype:  blister__bulla__bleb  (pathology) an elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid
              subtype:  water_blister__waterblister  blister containing a nonpurulent clear watery content
              subtype:  blood_blister__bloodblister  blister containing blood or bloody serum usually caused by an injury
           subtype:  follicle  any small spherical group of cells containing a cavity
              subtype:  hair_follicle  a small tubular cavity containing the root of a hair; small muscles and sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles
              subtype:  Graafian_follicle  a vascular body in a mammalian ovary enclosing a developing egg
           subtype:  seminal_vesicle__seminalvesicle  adds nutrient fluid to semen during ejaculation
        subtype:  alveolus__air_sac__air_cell__aircell  a tiny sac for holding air in the lungs; formed by the terminal dilation of tiny air passageways
        subtype:  pericardial_sac__pericardialsac  the membrane surrounding the heart
     subtype:  uterine_cavity__uterinecavity  the space inside the uterus between the cervical canal and the Fallopian tubes
     subtype:  nasal_cavity__nasalcavity  either of the two cavities lying between the floor of the cranium and the roof of the mouth and extending from the face to the pharynx
     subtype:  nasopharynx  cavity forming the upper part of the pharynx
     subtype:  oropharynx  cavity formed by the pharynx at the back of the mouth
     subtype:  laryngopharynx  the lower part of the pharynx
     subtype:  cecum__caecum__blind_gut  the cavity in which the large intestine begins and into which the ileum opens; "the appendix is an offshoot of the cecum"
     subtype:  tubular_cavity__tubularcavity  a cavity having the shape of a tube
        subtype:  pharynx__throat  the passage to the stomach and lungs; in the front part of the neck below the chin and above the collarbone
     subtype:  armpit__axilla__axillary_cavity__axillary_fossa  small depression under the shoulder joint where the arm joins the shoulder
     subtype:  chest_cavity__chestcavity__thoraciccavity  the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck and containing the lungs and heart
     subtype:  abdominal_cavity__abdominalcavity  the cavity containing the major viscera; in mammals it is separated from the thorax by the diaphragm
     subtype:  renal_pelvis__pelvis  a structure shaped like a funnel in the outlet of the kidney into which urine is discharged before passing into the ureter
     subtype:  pelvic_cavity  the space bounded by the bones of the pelvis and containing the pelvic viscera
     subtype:  celom__coelom__celoma  a cavity in the mesoderm of an embryo that gives rise in humans to the pleural cavity and pericardial cavity and peritoneal cavity
     subtype:  fossa__pit  a concavity in a surface (especially an anatomical depression)
        subtype:  glenoid_cavity__glenoidcavity__glenoid_fossa__glenoidfossa  the concavity in the head of the scapula that receives the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint
        subtype:  glenoid_fossa__glenoidfossa__mandibular_fossa  a deep concavity in the temporal bone at the root of the zygomatic arch that receives the condyle of the mandible
        subtype:  pit_of_the_stomach__epigastric_fossa  a slight depression in the midline just below the sternum (where a blow can affect the solar plexus)
  subtype:  tooth_root__toothroot__root  the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support
  subtype:  capsule.anatomical_structure  a structure that encloses a body part
     subtype:  malpighian_body__malpighian_corpuscle__renal_corpuscle__renalcorpuscle  the capsule that contains Bowman's capsule and a glomerulus at the expanded end of a nephron
     subtype:  eyeball  the ball-shaped capsule containing the vertebrate eye
  subtype:  uvea  the part of the eye that contains the iris and ciliary body and choroid
  subtype:  membranous_labyrinth  the sensory structures of the inner ear including the labyrinthine receptors and the cochlea; contained within the bony labyrinth
  subtype:  bony_labyrinth__osseous_labyrinth__osseouslabyrinth  cavity in the petrous part of the temporal bone that contains the membranous labyrinth
  subtype:  glans__glan  a small rounded gland-like structure; especially that at the end of the penis or clitoris
     subtype:  glans_clitoridis  small mass of erectile tissue at the end of the body of the clitoris
     subtype:  glans_penis__glanspeni  the conical mass of erectile tissue that forms the head of the penis
  subtype:  alveolar_bed  lung tissue densely packed with alveoli
  subtype:  valve.anatomical_structure  a structure in a hollow organ (like the heart) with a flap to insure one-way flow of fluid through it
     subtype:  cardiac_valve__cardiacvalve__heart_valve  a valve to control one-way flow of blood
        subtype:  atrioventricular_valve  either of two heart valves through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles; prevents return of blood to the atrium
           subtype:  mitral_valve__bicuspid_valve__left_atrioventricular_valve  valve with two cusps; situated between the left atrium and the left ventricle
           subtype:  tricuspid_valve__tricuspidvalve__right_atrioventricular_valve  valve with three cusps; situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle; allows blood to pass from atrium to ventricle and closes to prevent backflow when the ventricle contracts
        subtype:  semilunar_valve__semilunarvalve  a heart valve with half-moon-shaped cusps; prevents blood from flowing back into the heart
           subtype:  aortic_valve  a semilunar valve between the left ventricle and the aorta; prevents blood from flowing from the aorta back into the heart
           subtype:  pulmonary_valve__pulmonaryvalve  a semilunar valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery; prevents blood from flowing from the artery back into the heart
     subtype:  valvule__valvelet__valvula  a small valve (or valve-like structure)
     subtype:  ileocecal_valve__ileocecalvalve  valve between the ileum of the small intestine and the cecum of the large intestine; prevents material from flowing back from the large to the small intestine
  subtype:  vascular_structure  a structure composed of or provided with blood vessels
     subtype:  pulp.vascular_structure  the soft inner part of a tooth
     subtype:  placenta  the vascular structure in the uterus of most mammals providing oxygen and nutrients for and transferring wastes from the developing fetus
        subtype:  afterbirth  the placenta and fetal membranes that are expelled from the uterus after the baby is born
  subtype:  lacrimal_apparatus  the structures that secrete and drain tears from the eye
  subtype:  nucleolus_organizer__nucleolusorganizer__nucleolar_organizer__nucleolarorganizer  the particular part of a chromosome that is associated with a nucleolus after nuclear division
  subtype:  centromere  a specialized condensed region of a chromosomes that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape
  subtype:  aster.anatomical_structure  star-shaped structure formed in the cytoplasm of a cell having fibers like rays that surround the centrosome during mitosis
  subtype:  neural_structure  a structure that is part of the nervous system
     subtype:  mamillary_body__mamillarybody__mammillary_body__corpus_mamillare  one of two small round structures on the undersurface of the brain that form the terminals of the anterior arches of the fornix
     subtype:  ganglion  an encapsulated neural structure consisting of a collection of cell bodies or neurons
        subtype:  autonomic_ganglion__autonomicganglion  any of the ganglia of the autonomic system whose unmyelinated fibers innervate the internal organs
           subtype:  otic_ganglion__otoganglion  an autonomic ganglion whose postganglionic fibers are distributed to the parotid gland
        subtype:  basal_ganglion__basalganglion  any of several masses of subcortical gray matter in each cerebral hemisphere that seem to be involved in the regulation of voluntary movement
           subtype:  amygdala__amygdaloid_nucleus__corpus_amygdaloideum  an almond-shaped neural structure in the anterior part of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum; intimately connected with the hypothalamus and the hippocampus and the cingulate gyrus; as part of the limbic system it plays an important role in motivation and emotional behavior
           subtype:  caudate_nucleus__caudatenucleu  a tail-shaped basal ganglion located in a lateral ventricle of the brain
           subtype:  claustrum  a layer of gray matter in the brain adjacent to the lenticular nucleus
           subtype:  lenticular_nucleus__lentiform_nucleus__lentiformnucleu  a basal ganglion shaped like a lens and including the outer reddish putamen and the inner pale yellow pallidum
           subtype:  pallidum__globus_pallidus__paleostriatum  the inner pale yellow part of the lenticular nucleus
           subtype:  putamen  the outer reddish part of the lenticular nucleus
     subtype:  reflex_arc  the neural path of a reflex
     subtype:  nerve_center__nervecenter__center__centre__nerve_centre__nervecentre  a cluster of nerve cells governing a specific bodily process; "in most people the speech center is in the left hemisphere"
        subtype:  auditory_center  the part of the brain (in a fold of the cerebral cortex of the temporal lobe on both sides of the brain) that receives impulses from the ear by way of the auditory nerve
        subtype:  rhinencephalon__olfactory_brain  a center in the cerebral hemispheres that governs the sense of smell in lower animals; in humans it seems to mediate complex emotional behavior
        subtype:  Broca's_area__Broca's_center__Broca's_gyrus__Broca's_convolution__convolution_of_Broca  the motor speech center in the left hemisphere of the brain in most people
        subtype:  Wernicke's_area__Wernicke's_center  the auditory word center; located in the posterior part of the superior temporal convolution in most people
        subtype:  respiratory_center__respiratorycenter  the center in the medulla oblongata and pons that integrates sensory information about the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and determines the signals to be sent to the respiratory muscles
     subtype:  cerebral_hemisphere__hemisphere  either half of the cerebrum
        subtype:  left_hemisphere__left_brain  the cerebral hemisphere to the left of the corpus callosum that controls the right half of the body
        subtype:  right_hemisphere__righthemisphere__right_brain__rightbrain  the cerebral hemisphere to the right of the corpus callosum that controls the left half of the body
     subtype:  pyriform_area__piriform_area__pyriform_lobe__piriform_lobe  pear-shaped neural structure on either side of the brain in the rhinencephalon
     subtype:  olfactory_bulb__olfactorybulb  one of two enlargements at the terminus of the olfactory nerve at the base of the brain just above the nasal cavities
     subtype:  encephalon__brain  that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord
     subtype:  neencephalon__neoencephalon  the part of the brain having the most recent phylogenetic origin; the cerebral cortex and related parts
     subtype:  paleencephalon__paleoencephalon__palaeencephalon  the more primitive parts of the brain phylogenetically; most structures other than the cerebral cortex
     subtype:  cerebellum  a major division of the vertebrate brain; situated above the medulla oblongata and beneath the cerebrum in humans
     subtype:  paleocerebellum  the anterior lobe of the cerebellum which was one of the earliest parts of the hindbrain to develop in mammals
     subtype:  cerebral_cortex__cerebral_mantle__pallium  the layer of unmyelinated neurons (the gray matter) forming the cortex of the cerebrum
        subtype:  neopallium__neocortex  the cortical part of the neencephalon
        subtype:  archipallium__paleocortex  the olfactory cortex of the cerebrum
     subtype:  geniculate_body  one of four small oval masses that protrude slightly from the underside of the thalamus and function as synaptic centers on the way to the cerebral cortex
        subtype:  lateral_geniculate_body__corpus_geniculatum_laterale  a neural structure that serves as a processing station on the way from the retina to the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex
        subtype:  medial_geniculate_body__corpus_geniculatum_mediale  a neural structure that serves as the last of a series of processing centers along the auditory pathway from the cochlea to the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex
     subtype:  cerebrum  anterior portion of the brain consisting of two hemispheres; dominant part of the brain in humans
     subtype:  medulla_oblongata__medullaoblongata__medulla  lower or hindmost part of the brain; continuous with spinal cord; (`bulb' is an old term for medulla oblongata); "the medulla oblongata is the most vital part of the brain because it contains centers controlling breathing and heart functioning"
     subtype:  forebrain__prosencephalon  the anterior portion of the brain; the part of the brain that develops from the anterior part of the neural tube
     subtype:  hippocampus__hippocampu  a complex neural structure (shaped like a sea horse) consisting of gray matter and located on the floor of each lateral ventricle; intimately involved in motivation and emotion as part of the limbic system; has a central role in the formation of memories
     subtype:  cingulate_gyrus__cingulategyru__gyrus_cinguli__gyruscinguli  a long curved structure on the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres; the cortical part of the limbic system
     subtype:  telencephalon  the anterior division of the forebrain; the cerebrum and related parts of the hypothalamus
     subtype:  diencephalon__interbrain__betweenbrain__thalmencephalon  the posterior division of the forebrain; connects the cerebral hemispheres with the mesencephalon
     subtype:  limbic_system__visceral_brain__limbic_brain  a system of functionally related neural structures in the brain that are involved in emotional behavior
     subtype:  thalamus  large egg-shaped structures of gray matter that form the dorsal subdivision of the diencephalon
     subtype:  hypothalamus  a basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system
     subtype:  midbrain__mesencephalon  the middle portion of the brain
     subtype:  hindbrain__rhombencephalon  the posterior portion of the brain including cerebellum and pons and medulla oblongata
        subtype:  metencephalon  the part of the hindbrain that develops into the pons and the cerebellum
     subtype:  myelencephalon  the posterior part of the hindbrain in developing vertebrates; forms the medulla oblongata in adults
     subtype:  pons_Varolii__pons  a band of nerve fibers linking the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with the midbrain
     subtype:  brainstem__brain_stem__brainstem  the part of the brain continuous with the spinal cord and comprising the medulla oblongata and pons and midbrain and parts of the hypothalamus
     subtype:  nucleus.neural_structure__nucleu  any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
     subtype:  spinal_cord__medulla_spinalis  a major part of the central nervous system which conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses to and from the brain; a long tube-like structure extending from the base of the brain through the vertebral canal to the upper lumbar region
     subtype:  autonomic_nervous_system__autonomicnervoussystem__ANS  the part of the nervous system of vertebrates that controls involuntary actions of the smooth muscles and heart and glands
  subtype:  plica  a folded part (as a fold of skin or muscle)
     subtype:  epicanthus__epicanthic_fold  a vertical fold of skin over the nasal canthus; normal for Mongolian peoples; sometimes occurs in Down's syndrome
     subtype:  vocal_cord__vocalcord__vocal_fold__vocalfold__vocal_band__vocalband__plica_vocalis__plicavocali  either of two pairs of folds of mucous membrane projecting into the larynx
        subtype:  false_vocal_cord__falsevocalcord__false_vocal_fold__falsevocalfold__superior_vocal_cord__ventricular_fold__ventricularfold__vestibular_fold  either of the upper two vocal cords that are not involved in vocalization
        subtype:  true_vocal_cord__true_vocal_fold__inferior_vocal_cord__inferior_vocal_fold  either of the two lower vocal folds that come together to form the glottis; produce a vocal tone when they are approximated and air from the lungs passes between them
     subtype:  ruga  (anatomy) a fold or wrinkle or crease; "rugae of the stomach"
     subtype:  tentorium  (anatomy) a fold of dura mater that covers the cerebellum and supports the occipital lobes of the cerebrum
  subtype:  gyrus__gyru__convolution  a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain
     subtype:  central_gyrus__centralgyru  either of two gyri on either side of the central sulcus
        subtype:  precentral_gyrus  the convolution of the frontal lobe that is bounded in back by the central gyrus
        subtype:  postcentral_gyrus__postcentralgyru  the convolution of parietal lobe that is bounded in front by the central gyrus
  subtype:  cartilaginous_structure__cartilaginousstructure  body structure given shape by cartilage
     subtype:  epiglottis  a flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing
     subtype:  auricle__ear  the externally visible cartilaginous structure of the external ear
        subtype:  cauliflower_ear  an auricle deformed by injury; common among boxers
     subtype:  tragus  a small cartilaginous flap in front of the external opening of the ear
     subtype:  larynx__voice_box__voicebox  a cartilaginous structure at the top of the trachea; contains elastic vocal cords that are the source of the vocal tone in speech
     subtype:  costal_cartilage  the cartilages that connect the sternum and the ends of the ribs; its elasticity allows the chest to move in respiration
  subtype:  ball.anatomical_structure  a more or less rounded anatomical body or mass; ball of the human foot or ball at the base of the thumb; "he stood on the balls of his feet"
  subtype:  plate.anatomical_structure  any flat platelike body structure or part
     subtype:  operculum  a hard flap serving as a cover for (a) the gill slits in fishes or (b) the opening of the shell in certain gastropods when the body is retracted
     subtype:  comb.plate  ciliated comb-like swimming plate of a ctenophore
     subtype:  lamina  a thin plate or layer (especially of bone or mineral)
        subtype:  lamina_arcus_vertebrae  lamina of the vertebral arch; the flattened posterior part of the vertebral arch from which the spinous process extends
  subtype:  horny_structure__hornystructure__unguis  any rigid body structure composed primarily of keratin
     subtype:  hoof.horny_structure  the horny covering of the end of the foot in hoofed mammals
     subtype:  claw  sharp curved horny process on the toe of a bird or some mammals or reptiles
        subtype:  bear_claw  claw of a bear; often used in jewelry
        subtype:  talon  a sharp hooked claw especially on a bird of prey
     subtype:  nail.horny_structure  horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits
        subtype:  fingernail  the nail at the end of a finger
           subtype:  thumbnail  the nail of the thumb
        subtype:  toenail  the nail at the end of a toe
           subtype:  ingrown_toenail__ingrowntoenail__onyxis  toenail having its free tip or edges embedded in the surrounding flesh
  subtype:  skeletal_structure  any structure created by the skeleton of an organism
     subtype:  jaw  the part of the skull of a vertebrate that frames the mouth and holds the teeth
     subtype:  rib_cage__ribcage  the bony enclosing wall of the chest
     subtype:  arch.skeletal_structure  a curved bony structure supporting or enclosing organs (especially arches of the feet)
        subtype:  metatarsal_arch  the short lateral arch formed by the heads of the metatarsals
        subtype:  instep.arch  the arch of the foot
           subtype:  sunken_arch__fallen_arch  an instep flattened so the entire sole rests on the ground
        subtype:  shoulder_girdle__pectoral_arch  the bony arch formed by the collarbones and shoulder blades in humans
        subtype:  hemal_arch__hemalarch__haemal_arch  a structure arising ventrally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the caudal blood vessels
        subtype:  neural_arch__vertebral_arch__vertebralarch  a structure arising dorsally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the spinal cord
     subtype:  heel.skeletal_structure  the back part of the human foot
     subtype:  girdle  an encircling or ringlike structure
        subtype:  pectoral_girdle  a skeletal support to which the forelimbs of vertebrates are attached
        subtype:  pelvis__pelvic_girdle__pelvic_arch__hip  the structure of the vertebrate skeleton supporting the lower limbs in humans and the hind limbs or corresponding parts in other vertebrates
     subtype:  appendicular_skeleton  the part of the skeleton that includes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle and the upper and lower limbs
     subtype:  axial_skeleton__axialskeleton  the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs
     subtype:  spinal_column__vertebral_column__vertebralcolumn__spine__backbone__back__rachis  the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord; "the fall broke his back"
        subtype:  notochord  a flexible rodlike structure that forms the supporting axis of the body in the lowest chordates and lowest vertebrates and in embryos of higher vertebrates
           subtype:  urochord  a notochord of a larval tunicate typically confined to the caudal region
        subtype:  chine  backbone of an animal
     subtype:  metacarpus  the part of the hand between the carpus and phalanges
     subtype:  metatarsus  the skeleton of the human foot between the toes and the tarsus; the corresponding part of the foot in birds or of the hind foot in quadrupeds
     subtype:  tarsus  the part of the foot of a vertebrate between the metatarsus and the leg; in human beings the bones of the ankle and heel collectively
  subtype:  costa  a riblike part of a plant or animal (such as a middle rib of a leaf or a thickened vein of an insect wing)
  subtype:  head_of_bone__head  the rounded end of a bone that bits into a rounded cavity in another bone to form a joint; "the head of the humerus"
  subtype:  bridge.anatomical_structure  the hard ridge that forms the upper part of the nose; "her glasses left marks on the bridge of her nose"
  subtype:  rotator_cuff__rotatorcuff  a supporting structure of the shoulder consisting of the muscles and tendons that attach the arm to the shoulder joint and enable the arm to move
  subtype:  cornu  (anatomy) any structure that resembles a horn in shape
  subtype:  corona.anatomical_structure  (anatomy) any structure that resembles a crown in shape
  subtype:  receptor  a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
     subtype:  alpha_receptor__alphareceptor__alpha-adrenergic_receptor__alpha-adrenoceptor__alphaadrenoceptor  receptors postulated to exist on nerve cell membranes of the sympathetic nervous system in order to explain the specificity of certain agents that affect only some sympathetic activities (such as vasoconstriction and relaxation of intestinal muscles and contraction of smooth muscles)
     subtype:  beta_receptor__beta-adrenergic_receptor__beta-adrenoceptor  receptors postulated to exist on nerve cell membranes of the sympathetic nervous system in order to explain the specificity of certain agents that affect only some sympathetic activities (such as vasodilation and increased heart beat)

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