#abnormalcy__abnormality__abnormal_condition  an abnormal condition
  exclusion:  normality.state
  supertype:  condition.state__status  a condition or state at a particular time: "a condition (or state) of disrepair"; "the current status of the arms negotiations"
  subtype:  acardia  congenital absence of the heart (as in the development of some monsters)
  subtype:  acephalia__acephaly__acephalism  absence of the head (as in the development of some monsters)
  subtype:  acorea  absence of the pupil in an eye
  subtype:  acromicria__acromikria  abnormally small extremities (underdeveloped fingers and toes)
  subtype:  acromphalus__acromphalu  abnormal protrusion of the navel; sometimes the start of umbilical hernia
  subtype:  amastia  absence of the mammary glands (either through surgery or developmental defect)
  subtype:  aneuploidy  an abnormality involving a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (one chromosome set is incomplete)
  subtype:  anorchism__anorchidism__anorchia  absence of one of both testes
  subtype:  asynclitism__obliquity  the presentation during labor of the head of the fetus at an abnormal angle
  subtype:  atresia  an abnormal condition in which a normal opening or tube in the body (as the urethra) is closed or absent
  subtype:  brachytactyly__brachydactylia  abnormal shortness of fingers and toes
  subtype:  cryptorchidy__cryptorchidism__cryptorchism  failure of one or both testes to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops
     subtype:  monorchism__monorchidism  failure of one testes to descend into the scrotum
  subtype:  deviated_septum__deviatedseptum  abnormal displacement of any wall that separates two chambers (usually in the nasal cavity)
     subtype:  deviated_nasal_septum  abnormal shift in location of the nasal septum; a common condition causing obstruction of the nasal passages and difficulty in breathing and recurrent nosebleeds
  subtype:  dextrocardia  abnormal condition where the heart is located toward the right side of the chest
  subtype:  ectrodactyly  congenital abnormality involving the absence of some fingers or toes
  subtype:  erethism  an abnormally high degree of irritability or sensitivity or excitability
  subtype:  fetal_distress__foetal_distress  an abnormal condition of a fetus; usually discovered during pregnancy and characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm
  subtype:  hepatomegaly__megalohepatia  abnormal enlargement of the liver
  subtype:  inversion.abnormalcy  abnormal condition in which an organ is turned inward or inside out (as when the upper part of the uterus is pulled into the cervical canal after childbirth)
  subtype:  pneumothorax  abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung; may be spontaneous (due to injury to the chest) or induced (as a treatment for tuberculosis)
  subtype:  macrencephaly  an abnormally large braincase
  subtype:  hydatid_mole__hydatidmole__hydatidiform_mole__molar_pregnancy__molarpregnancy  an abnormality during pregnancy; chorionic villi around an aborting embryo degenerate and form clusters of fluid-filled sacs
  subtype:  hydramnios  an abnormality of pregnancy; accumulation of excess amniotic fluid
  subtype:  hypervitaminosis  an abnormal condition resulting from taking vitamins excessively; can be serious for vitamins A or D or K
  subtype:  hypospadias__hypospadia  an abnormal condition in males in which the urethra opens on the under surface of the penis
  subtype:  lagophthalmos__lagophthalmo  abnormal condition in which an eye cannot close completely
  subtype:  mental_abnormality  any abnormality of mental function
     subtype:  organic_brain_syndrome__organicbrainsyndrome  mental abnormality resulting from disturbance of the structure or function of the brain
  subtype:  nanophthalmos__nanophthalmo  condition in which both eyes are abnormally small but otherwise normal
  subtype:  palmature  an abnormality in which the fingers are webbed
  subtype:  dysplasia  abnormal development (of organs or cells) or an abnormal structure resulting from such growth
     subtype:  aplasia  failure of some tissue or organ to develop
     subtype:  fibrous_dysplasia_of_bone  a disturbance in which bone that is undergoing lysis is replaced by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue resulting in bone lesions or skin lesions
        subtype:  Albright's_disease__polyostotic_fibrous_dysplasia__polyostoticfibrousdysplasia  fibrous dysplasia of bone affecting multiple bones
        subtype:  monostotic_fibrous_dysplasia  fibrous dysplasia of bone confined to a single bone
     subtype:  hypertrophy  abnormal enlargement of a body part or organ
        subtype:  adenomegaly  gland enlargement
        subtype:  cor_pulmonale__corpulmonale  enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to disease of the lungs or of the pulmonary blood vessels
        subtype:  dactylomegaly  abnormally large fingers or toes
        subtype:  elephantiasis__elephantiasi  hypertrophy of certain body parts (usually legs and scrotum); the end state of the disease filariasis
           subtype:  elephantiasis_neuromatosa__elephantiasisneuromatosa  hypertrophy of a limb
           subtype:  elephantiasis_scroti__elephantiasisscroti__chyloderma  swelling of the scrotum resulting from chronic lymphatic obstruction
           subtype:  nevoid_elephantiasis__pachyderma  thickening of the skin (usually unilateral on an extremity) caused by congenital enlargement of lymph vessel and lymph vessel obstruction
        subtype:  splenomegaly  an abnormal enlargement of the spleen
        subtype:  giantism__gigantism__overgrowth  excessive size; usually caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland
        subtype:  acromegaly__acromegalia  enlargement of bones of hands and feet and face; often accompanied by headache and muscle pain and emotional disturbances; caused by overproduction of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland (due to a tumor)
     subtype:  hyperplasia  abnormal increase in number of cells
        subtype:  benign_prostatic_hyperplasia__BPH  enlarged prostate; appears to be part of the natural aging process
     subtype:  hypoplasia  underdevelopment of an organ because of a decrease in the number of cells
     subtype:  anaplasia  loss of structural differentiation within a cell or group of cells often with increased capacity for multiplication, as in a malignant tumor
  subtype:  hydrocephalus__hydrocephalu__hydrocephaly  an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain; in infants it can cause abnormally rapid growth of the head and bulging fontanelles and a small face; in adults the symptoms are primarily neurological
  subtype:  abrachia  the condition of having no arms
  subtype:  progeria  a rare abnormality marked by premature aging (gray hair and wrinkled skin and stooped posture) in a child
  subtype:  atypicality__untypicality  any state that is not typical
  subtype:  arrested_development__fixation__infantile_fixation__infantilefixation__regression  an abnormal state in which development has stopped prematurely
  subtype:  aberrance__aberrancy__aberration__deviance  an aberrant state or condition
     subtype:  chromosomal_aberration__chromosomalaberration__chromosomal_anomaly__chromosomalanomaly__chrosomal_abnormality__chrosomalabnormality__chromosonal_disorder__chromosonaldisorder  any change in the normal structure or number of chromosomes; often results in physical or mental abnormalities
        subtype:  monosomy  chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of one chromosome from the normal diploid number
        subtype:  trisomy  chrosomal abnormality in which there is one more than the normal number of chromosomes in a cell
           subtype:  mongolism__mongolianism__Down's_syndrome__Down_syndrome__trisomy_21__trisomy21  a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome; results in a flat face and short stature and mental retardation
        subtype:  sex-linked_disorder  any disease or abnormality that is determined by the sex hormones; "hemophilia is determined by a gene defect on an X chromosome"
           subtype:  hemophilia__haemophilia__bleeder's_disease__bleeder'sdisease  congenital tendency to uncontrolled bleeding; usually affects males and is transmitted from mother to son
              subtype:  hemophilia_A__haemophilia_A__classical_hemophilia__classicalhemophilia__classical_haemophilia__classicalhaemophilia  hemophilia caused by a congenital deficiency of factor VIII; occurs almost exclusively in men
              subtype:  hemophilia_B__haemophilia_B__Christmas_disease  a clotting disorder similar to hemophilia A but caused by a congenital deficiency of factor IX
              subtype:  von_Willebrand's_disease__angiohemophilia__vascularhemophilia  a form of hemophilia discovered by Erik von Willebrand; a genetic disorder that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait; characterized by a deficiency of the coagulation factor and by mucosal bleeding
           subtype:  Turner's_syndrome  a chromosomal disorder in females who have only one X chromosome; marked by dwarfism and heart abnormalities and underdeveloped sex organs
     subtype:  deflection__warp  a twist or aberration; especially a perverse or abnormal way of judging or acting
  subtype:  cyclopia  a developmental abnormality in which there is only one eye
  subtype:  spinal_curvature  an abnormal curvature of the vertebral column
     subtype:  kyphosis__humpback__hunchback  an abnormal backward curve to the vertebral column
     subtype:  lordosis__hollow-back  an abnormal inward (forward) curvature of the vertebral column
     subtype:  scoliosis__scoliosi  an abnormal lateral curve to the vertebral column
  subtype:  subnormality  the state of being less than normal (especially with respect to intelligence)
  subtype:  anomalousness__anomalousnes  deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule
     subtype:  birth_defect__birthdefect__congenital_anomaly__congenital_defect__congenital_disorder__congenital_abnormality  a defect that is present at birth
        subtype:  ablepharia  a congenital absence of eyelids (partial or complete)
        subtype:  albinism  the congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair
        subtype:  anencephaly__anencephalia  a defect in brain development resulting in small or missing brain hemispheres
        subtype:  ametria  congenital absence of the uterus
        subtype:  color_blindness__colorblindnes__colour_blindness__color_vision_deficiency__colour_vision_deficiency  genetic inability to distinguish differences in hue
           subtype:  dichromacy__dichromatism__dichromatopsia__dichromia__dichromasy  a deficiency of color vision in which the person can match any given hue by mixing only two other wavelengths of light (as opposed to the three wavelengths needed by people with normal color vision)
              subtype:  red-green_dichromacy__redgreendichromacy__red-gree_color_blindness  confusion of red and green
                 subtype:  deuteranopia__Daltonism__green-blindness  dichromacy characterized by a lowered sensitivity to green light resulting in an inability to distinguish green and purplish-red
                 subtype:  protanopia__red-blindness__redblindnes  dichromacy characterized by lowered sensitivity to long wavelengths of light resulting in an inability to distinguish red and purplish blue
              subtype:  yellow-blue_dichromacy__yellow-blue_color_blindness  confusion of yellow and blue
                 subtype:  tetartanopia__yellow-blindness  a form of dichromacy characterized by lowered sensitivity to yellow light; so rare that its existence has been questioned
                 subtype:  tritanopia__blue-blindness  rare form of dichromacy characterized by a lowered sensitivity to blue light resulting in an inability to distinguish blue and yellow
           subtype:  monochromacy__monochromatism__monochromatic_vision__monochromaticvision__monochromia__monochromasy  complete color blindness; colors can be differentiated only on the basis of brightness
        subtype:  epispadias  a congenital abnormality in males in which the urethra is on the upper surface of the penis
        subtype:  clinocephaly__clinocephalism  a congenital defect in which the top of the head is depressed (concave instead of convex)
        subtype:  clinodactyly  a congenital defect in which one or more toes or fingers are abnormally positioned
        subtype:  macroglossia  a congenital disorder characterized by an abnormally large tongue; often seen in cases of Down's syndrome
        subtype:  mongolism__mongolianism__Down's_syndrome__Down_syndrome__trisomy_21__trisomy21  a congenital disorder caused by having an extra 21st chromosome; results in a flat face and short stature and mental retardation
        subtype:  oxycephaly__acrocephaly  a congenital abnormality of the skull; the top of the skull assumes a cone shape
        subtype:  cleft_lip__cleftlip__harelip__cheiloschisis__cheiloschisi  a congenital cleft in the middle of the upper lip
        subtype:  cleft_palate__cleftpalate  a congenital fissure of the hard palate
        subtype:  amelia  congenital absence of an arm or leg
        subtype:  meromelia  congenital absence of part of an arm or leg
           subtype:  adactylia__adactyly__adactylism  congenital absence of fingers and/or toes
           subtype:  phocomelia__seal_limbs  an abnormality of development in which the upper part of an arm or leg is missing so the hands or feet are attached to the body like stumps; rare condition that results from taking thalidomide during pregnancy
        subtype:  encephalocele  protrusion of brain tissue through a congenital fissure in the skull
        subtype:  familial_hypercholesterolemia  congenital disorder characterized by high levels of cholesterol and early development of atherosclerosis
        subtype:  meningocele  a congenital anomaly of the central nervous system in which a sac protruding from the brain or the spinal meninges contains cerebrospinal fluid (but no nerve tissue)
        subtype:  myelomeningocele  a congenital defect of the central nervous system in which a sac containing part of the spinal cord and its meninges protrude through a gap in the vertebral column; frequently accompanied by hydrocephalus and mental retardation
        subtype:  plagiocephaly  congenital malformation of the skull in which the main axis of the skull is oblique
        subtype:  polysomy  congenital defect of having one or more extra chromosomes in somatic cells
        subtype:  hermaphroditism  congenital condition in which external genitalia and internal sex organs have both male and female characteristics
        subtype:  pseudohermaphroditism  congenital condition in which a person has external genitalia of one sex and internal sex organs of the other sex
        subtype:  scaphocephaly  congenital malformation of the skull which is long and narrow; frequently accompanied by mental retardation
        subtype:  congenital_heart_defect  a birth defect involving the heart
           subtype:  septal_defect  a congenital abnormality in the septum between the left and right sides of the heart
              subtype:  atrial_septal_defect  an abnormal opening between the left and right atria of the heart
              subtype:  ventricular_septal_defect  a common congenital heart defect; an abnormal opening in the septum dividing the ventricles allows blood to pass directly from the left to the right ventricle; large openings may cause congestive heart failure
           subtype:  tetralogy_of_Fallot__Fallot's_tetralogy__Fallot's_syndrome  a congenital heart defect producing cyanosis; characterized by four symptoms: pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect and malposition of the aorta over both ventricles and hypertrophy of the right ventricle
        subtype:  spina_bifida__spinabifida__rachischisis__schistorrhachis__schistorrhachi  a not uncommon congenital defect in which a vertebra is malformed; unless several vertebrae are affected or there is myelomeningocele there are few symptoms; can be diagnosed by amniocentesis
        subtype:  spinocerebellar_disorder__spinocerebellardisorder  any of several congenital disorders marked by degeneration of the cerebellum and spinal cord resulting in spasticity and ataxia
        subtype:  polydactyly__hyperdactyly  birth defect (in humans) characterized by the presence of more than the normal number of fingers or toes
        subtype:  syndactyly__syndactylism  birth defect (in humans) in which there is partial or total webbing connecting two or more fingers or toes
        subtype:  tongue_tie__ankyloglossia  a congenital anomaly in which the mucous membrane under the tongue is too short limiting the mobility of the tongue
  subtype:  gynecomastia  excessive development of the breasts in males; usually the result of hormonal imbalance or treatment with certain drugs (including some antihypertensives)
  subtype:  infantilism.abnormalcy  an abnormal condition in which an older child or adult retains infantile characteristics
     subtype:  ateleiosis__ateliosis__ateliosi  a form of infantilism characterized by physical underdevelopment but normal intelligence
  subtype:  macrocephaly__megacephaly__megalocephaly  an abnormally large head; differs from hydrocephalus because there is no increased intracranial pressure and the overgrowth is symmetrical
  subtype:  microbrachia  abnormally small arms
  subtype:  microcephaly__microcephalus__microcephalu__nanocephaly  an abnormally small head and underdeveloped brain
  subtype:  pachycheilia  an abnormal thickness of the lips
  subtype:  phimosis  an abnormal tightness of the foreskin preventing retraction over the glans
  subtype:  sequela  any abnormality following or resulting from a disease or injury or treatment; "paralysis is one of the sequelae of poliomyelitis"
  subtype:  strabismus__squint  abnormal alignment of one or both eyes
     subtype:  cross-eye__crosseye__crossed_eye__crossedeye__convergent_strabismus__esotropia  strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward toward the nose
     subtype:  walleye__divergent_strabismus__exotropia  strabismus in which one or both eyes are directed outward
  subtype:  torticollis__torticolli__wryneck  an unnatural condition in which the head leans to one side because the neck muscles on that side are contracted
  subtype:  varix  abnormally enlarged or twisted blood vessel or lymphatic vessel
     subtype:  varicosity  varix or varicose condition in which a vein is swollen and tortuous

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