Individual #Mesopotamia  the land between the Tigris and Euphrates; site of several ancient civilizations; part of what is now known as Iraq
  instance of:  #geographical_area
  part of:  #Iraq
  part:  #Babylon  the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capitol of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia
     part:  #Hanging_Gardens_of_Babylon  terraced garden at Babylon watered by pumps from the Euphrates; construction attributed to Nebuchadnezzar around 600 BC; one of the seven wonders of the ancient world
     part:  #Tower_of_Babel__Babel  (Genesis 11:1-11) a tower built by Noah's descendants (probably in Babylon) who intended it to reach up to heaven; God foiled them by confusing their language so they could no longer understand one another
  part:  #Babylonia  an ancient kingdom in southern Mesopotamia; Babylonia conquered Israel in the 6th century BC and exiled the Jews to Babylon (where the Prophet Daniel became a counselor to the king)
     part:  #battle_of_Cunaxa__Cunaxa  battle in 401 BC when the Persian King Artaxerxes II defeated his younger brother who tried to usurp the throne
     part:  #Sumer  an area in the southern region of Babylonia in present-day Iraq; site of the Sumerian civilization of city-states that flowered during the third millennium BC
        part:  #Ur  an ancient city of Sumer located on a former channel of the Euphrates River
  part:  #Assyria  an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq
     part:  #Assur__Asur__Ashur  an ancient Assyrian city on the River Tigris and traditional capital of Assyria; just south of the modern city of Mosul in Iraq
     part:  #Nineveh  an ancient Assyrian city on the River Tigris across from the modern city of Mosul in the northern part of what is now known a Iraq

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