Relation pm#asymmetric_relation (?,?)  this category only serves structuration purposes: it is instance of pm#asymmetric_relation_type which is not instance of pm#class_of_inheritable_relation_type
  supertype:  irreflexive_relation  antisymmetric_relation
  instance of:  asymmetric_relation_type
  subtype:  immediate_instance__immediateinstance (?,set_or_class)  if the common reading conventions of parameters had been respected, this type would have been named immediate_instance_of; an object is an immediate_instance of a set_or_class if it is an instance of the set_or_class and there does not exist a subclass of set_or_class such that it is an instance of the subclass
  subtype:  immediate_subclass__immediate_subclass_of (set_or_class,set_or_class)  the 1st argument is a subclass of the 2nd argument and there is no other subclass of the 2nd argument such that the 1st is also a subclass of the 2nd; in WebKB, use the link '<'
  subtype:  range (function_type,set_or_class)  gives the range of a function, i.e. all of the values assigned by the function are instances of sumo#class
  subtype:  range_subclass (function_type,set_or_class)  all of the values assigned by the function in the 1st argument are subclasses of the 2nd argment
  subtype:  valence (relation_type,positive_integer)  specifies the number of arguments that a relation can take; if a relation does not have a fixed number of arguments, it does not have a valence and it is an instance of variable_arity_relation, e.g., sumo#holds is a variable_arity_relation
  subtype:  documentation (?,string)  a relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text; the domain of this relation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves; this means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation
  subtype:  successor_attribute__successorattribute (Attribute,Attribute)  the second argument is the attribute that comes immediately after the first on the scale that they share
  subtype:  front_fn__frontfn (self_connected_object -> self_connected_object)  a function that maps an object to the side that generally receives the most attention or that typically faces the direction in which the object moves; note that this is a partial function, since some objects do not have sides, e.g., apples and spheres; note too that the range of this function is indefinite in much the way that immediate_future_fn and immediate_past_fn are indefinite; although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases
  subtype:  back_fn (self_connected_object -> self_connected_object)  a function that maps an object to the side that is opposite the front_fn of the object; note that this is a partial function, since some objects do not have sides, e.g., apples and spheres; note too that the range of this function is indefinite in much the way that immediate_future_fn and immediate_past_fn are indefinite; although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases
  subtype:  proper_part__proper_part_of (object,object)  the 1st argument is part of the 2nd but is not it; this is a transitive_relation and asymmetric_relation (hence an irreflexive_relation)
  subtype:  contains (self_connected_object,object)  the relation of spatial containment for two separable objects; when the two objects are not separable (e.g., an automobile and one of its seats), the relation of part should be used; (sumo#contains ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the self_connected_object ?OBJ1 has a space (i.e. a hole) which is at least partially filled by ?OBJ2
  subtype:  member (self_connected_object,collection)  a specialized common sense notion of part for uniform parts of collections; for example, each sheep in a flock of sheep would have the relationship of member to the flock
  subtype:  contains_information (content_bearing_object,proposition)  relates a content_bearing_object to the proposition it expresses; examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content
  subtype:  leader__leader_of (human,agentive_physical_object)  (sumo#leader ?INSTITUTION ?PERSON) means that the leader of ?INSTITUTION is ?PERSON
  subtype:  attribute (object,Attribute)  the 2nd argument is an attribute of the 1st
  subtype:  manner (process,Attribute)  the 1st argument is qualified by the 2nd (which is usually denoted by and adverb), e.g., the speed of the wind, the style of a dance, or the intensity of a sports competition
  subtype:  probability_fn__probabilityfn (formula -> real_number)  one of the basic probability_relations, probability_fn is used to state the a priori probability of a state of affairs represented by the given formula
  subtype:  in_list (?,list)  true if the 1st argument is in the list; analog of element and instance for lists
  subtype:  closed_on (function_type,set_or_class)  a binary_function is closed on a set_or_class if it is defined for all instances of the set_or_class and its value is always an instance of the set_or_class
  subtype:  reflexive_on__reflexiveon (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)  a binary_relation is reflexive on a set_or_class only if every instance of the set_or_class bears the relation to itself
  subtype:  irreflexive_on__irreflexiveon (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)  a binary_relation is irreflexive on a set_or_class only if no instance of the set_or_class bears the relation to itself
  subtype:  partial_ordering_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)  a binary_relation is a partial ordering on a set_or_class only if the relation is reflexive_on the set_or_class, and it is both an antisymmetric_relation, and a transitive_relation
  subtype:  total_ordering_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)  a binary_relation ?REL is a total ordering on a set_or_class only if it is a partial ordering for which either (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) or (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) for every ?INST1 and ?INST2 in the set_or_class
  subtype:  trichotomizing_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)
  subtype:  equivalence_relation_on (binary_relation_type,set_or_class)  a binary_relation is an equivalence_relation_on a set_or_class only if the relation is reflexive_on the set_or_class and it is both a transitive_relation and a symmetric_relation
  subtype:  causes (process,process)  the process in the 1st argument brings about the process in the 2nd argument
  subtype:  causes_subclass (sumo_process_class,sumo_process_class)  the 1st argument brings about the 2nd, e.g., (causes_subclass killing death)
  subtype:  time (physical,time_position)  means that temporal lifespan of the 1st argument includes the time_position in the 2nd argument, i.e. the 1st argument existed or occurred at that time_position; sumo#time does for instances of physical what sumo#holds_during does for instances of sumo#formula; sumo#located and sumo#time are the basic spatial and temporal predicates, respectively
  subtype:  holds_during__holdsduring (time_position,formula)  means that the proposition denoted by is true at (every temporal_part of) the time_position
  subtype:  exploits (object,agentive_physical_object)  the object is used by the agent as a resource in an unspecified instance of process
  subtype:  has_purpose__haspurpose (physical,formula)  the instance of physical has, as its purpose, the proposition expressed by the formula; note that there is an important difference in meaning between the predicates has_purpose and result; although the second argument of the latter can satisfy the second argument of the former, a conventional goal is an expected and desired outcome, while a result may be neither expected nor desired; for example, a machine process may have outcomes but no goals, aimless wandering may have an outcome but no goal; a learning process may have goals with no outcomes, and so on
  subtype:  has_skill__hasskill (sumo_process_class,agentive_physical_object)  similar to the capability predicate with the additional restriction that the ability be practised or demonstrated to some measurable degree
  subtype:  crosses__crosse (object,object)  the 1st object traverses the second without being connected to it
  subtype:  penetrates (object,object)  the 1st object is connected to the second along at least one whole dimension (length, width or depth)
  subtype:  possesses__possesse (agentive_physical_object,object)  the agent has ownership of the object
  subtype:  precondition (?,?)
  subtype:  realization (?,?)
  subtype:  expressed_in_language (?,?)
  subtype:  uses (?,?)
  subtype:  identity_element (?,?)
  subtype:  element (?,?)
  subtype:  cardinality_fn__cardinalityfn (?,?)
  subtype:  measure (?,?)
  subtype:  duration (?,?)
  subtype:  frequency (?,?)
  subtype:  meets_temporally__meetstemporally (?,?)
  subtype:  date (?,?)
  subtype:  surface (?,?)
  subtype:  interior_part (?,?)
  subtype:  hole (object,*)
  subtype:  hole_host_fn (object,*)
  subtype:  partially_fills__partiallyfill (object,*)
  subtype:  properly_fills (?,?)
  subtype:  completely_fills (?,?)
  subtype:  fills__fill (?,?)
  subtype:  hole_skin_fn (object,*)
  subtype:  geographic_subregion (?,?)
  subtype:  geopolitical_subdivision (?,?)
  subtype:  developmental_form__developmentalform (?,?)
  subtype:  inhabits (?,?)
  subtype:  authors__author (?,?)
  subtype:  editor (?,?)
  subtype:  publishes__publishe (?,?)
  subtype:  version (?,?)
  subtype:  parent (?,?)
  subtype:  husband (?,?)
  subtype:  wife (?,?)
  subtype:  citizen (?,?)
  subtype:  modal_attribute__modalattribute (?,?)